Building Energy optimization

Whole Building Design Efficient building of India - Ahmedabad

CEPT University

Anmol Mathur PG 180106 MTech BEP

Contents 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

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Existing Building Design Climate Analysis Base Case Energy Model Results ECBC Reference case Parametric Optimization DesignDesign Optimization Proposed Cost Analysis

The Efficient building of India is a commercial office building constructed in Ahmedabad. The Aim of the project is to improve the building’s performance integrating both thermal and visual comfort needs to with an optimum solution that also reduces its operational energy consumption and provides an improved life cycle cost to the building owners.

1. Existing Building Design Building Details Type Location Climate Zone Occupied Area No. of Floors Floor Height Conditioned Area No. of occupants Utility Working days Working hours

Fig 19 –Building Ground floor plan

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Commercial Ahmedabad Hot & Dry 1450 Sqm G+3 3.5m 1000 sqm 250 Torrent Power e Mon-Fri 9am-7pm

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2. Climate Analysis The project is in Ahmedabad which lies in Hot & Dry Zone as per ECBC 2017.

Inferences from climate analysis The climate analysis shows Ahmedabad has harsh Hot & Dry summers & mild winters where outdoor conditions are comfortable.

Humid period starts from mid June to October.

High Wet-bulb depression during the summer months (max 24 C to min 12 C) provides a potential for Evaporative e cooling for comfort.

Wind Rose Wet Bulb depression

The average diurnal range is high at 12 C Strategies like high Thermal mass in the envelop and Night cooling through natural ventilation can work best during summers.

Wind speed is greater than 1m/s and below 30C for 37% of hours during the year out which 46% hours lie during 8am to 8pm, suggesting Natural ventilation for comfort during these hours.

Fig 20 - Weather data for Ahmedabad

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2.1 Single Zone Box Model simulations A simple box model was simulated with the aspect ratio of 2:3 as a representative zone of the building with BAU envelop configuration to analyse the heat gains from different surfaces.

Inferences from climate analysis Roof has the highest solar insolation Followed

by South facade. Radiation starts to dip e (April to July) on during the summer months the south side. East & West receive high radiation throughout the year. The high radiation at 250 W/m2 on the roof suggests a good potential for Rooftop Solar PV. Roof has the highest heat gains Followed by east-west. South side starts to lose heat during the summer months (April to July).

North faรงade loses heat throughout the year only gains heat during summer. Ground acts as heat sink.

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2.2 Comfort Analysis As prescribed in NBC (National Building Code 2016) the adaptive comfort standard for mixed mode operation is selected to assess the occupant’s thermal comfort inside the building.

8am

8pm

Operational Hours breakup

An additional threshold of relative humidity is added on top of the comfort band of operative temperatures. This is done for creating a range of operative temperatures along with acceptable e RH levels (source – LeCavir document) Maximum RH = 70%, Minimum RH = 30%. The graph below plots the outdoor weather conditions (DBT & RH) to identify the hours that lie within the IMAC comfort band and RH threshold The outdoor weather conditions during operational hours suggest that maximum percentage of hours are either Hot or Hot & Dry with only 15% of hours directly comfortable with outdoor conditions.

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Energy consumption breakdown

Fig - Energy use breakdown.

Cooling (kWh)

102089.47

Interior lighting (kWh)

23725.46

Interior equipment (kWh)

59744.49

System Fans (kWh)

4117.1

Total (kWh)

189676.52

System Size (TR)

48 TR

EUI (kWh/m2)

139

Energy use breakdown and total energy consumption

3. Base Case energy performance The envelop is a Built as usual Brick wall and RCC slab construction. The schedules for were derived from recommendation of ECBC 2017 and occupancy for each space was as given.

Equipment power density (EPD) was calculated using 3 star rated appliances. Light power density (LPD) was taken from ECBC 2017. The fresh air requirements were referred from NBC 2016. A PTAC system with e an EER of 3 was modelled and Temperature set point as 24áľ’C for comfort cooling.

54% of the building’s energy consumption is

by Air conditioning. Of the total cooling loads 88% are sensible loads and only 12% are latent. The internal loads dominate the cooling requirement adding to 56% of it.

Contribution of envelop and internal gains to cooling loads

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3.1 Elimination Analysis The elimination analysis suggested that 26% reduction in cooling energy can be made by optimizing the envelop. Another 40% reduction can be made optimizing the HVAC system and fresh air delivery.

Amongst the envelop, glazing has the major impact followed by roof & wall.

Elimination parametric results. Reduction in EUI & Cooling energy by eliminating one component at a time

e

Contribution of envelop and internal gains to cooling loads

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3.2 Comfort Analysis 0 0 0 134 2399 0 37 571 96 Comfort hours as per IMAC mixed mode band for Ahmedabad for representative zones in the Base case design.

The Base case was also analysed for comfort hours as per the IMAC mixed mode band. The base case HVAC is designed as a business as usual to meet a fixed set point of 24áľ’C. The simulation results suggest an average of 635 unmet hours from this setpoint. The operative temperatures were also analysed in the IMAC band. The results for representative zone on each floor and orientation are studied to assess the comfort in the Base Case. On average 84% hours are comfortable, with 16% hours becoming warmer than the e comfort band.

Humid hours (RH above 70%) are very high – more than 800 hrs on average for the entire building

Comfort map of 2nd Floor Open office for 3240 hrs of office operation as per IMAC band with the RH threshold

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3.3 Inferences Component Cooling

Strategy HVAC system

Lighting

Electrical lighting

Comprise of 12% of the total building's energy consumption Daylighting to be optimized with strategies like high reflective interior finishes, light shelves and clerestory windows

Ventilation

Fresh air supply

High impact on Heat gains - Provide treated fresh air through DOAS and Energy recovery throughout the operational hours

Overall construction

Air tightness Shading

Glazing

WWR Glazing SHGC Glazing U-value

Envelop construction to be tighter Provide adequate shading to prevent excessive solar gains through glazing and prevent glare Optimized WWR for maximum daylight & minimum heat gains Low SHGC required Least impact - Lower U-value preferred but can be offsetted by shading & low SHGC

Roof

High reflective surface- SRI paint , High insulation required Good potential for Rooftop Solar PV

Walls

Lower U-value and high specific heat / thermal mass preferred.

High Diurnal variation Night cooling can help improve the performance of thermal mass

Structure Internal partitions Floors

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Highest potential for overall building energy use reduction. opt for high part load efficiency systems.

High Sensible loads and low latent loads suggest a good potential to opt of Radiant cooling with DOAS. High Wet bulb depression during summer months suggest good potential for Evaporative cooling. A hybrid cooling system can be installed scheduled to run in different months as per outdoor conditions Night ventilation can be used as a pre-cooling strategy due to high diurnal variation during summer months

Low impact on heat gains.

Lower U-value for partitions between conditioned and unconditioned spaces Negative impact on heat gains Act as heat sinks. No need for insulation

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4. ECBC Reference case The ECBC case HVAC is designed to meet a monthly varying set point based on the IMAC band. The simulation results suggest an average of 308 unmet hours from the setpoint. The operative temperatures were also analysed in the IMAC band. The comfort hours as per IMAC are now 95.3% with only 4.13% hot hours

e Type

Envelope

Building details

HVAC Specs

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Input Parameter Wall U (external) Roof U

0.63 W/m2K 0.4 W/m2K-

Value 18mm pl + 250mm AAC block + 12mm pl 20mm Tiles + 50mm screed+ 80mm XPS + 5mm tar felt+ 150mmRCC slab + 12mm pl

Glass U Glass SHGC Glass VLT WWR Shading Occupant Density Lighting power density Electric power density

3 W/m2K 0.27 60 40% maximum As/ Arch drawing.

Space wise calculation (Refer Appendix) Space wise calculation as/ ECBC (Refer Appendix) Space wise calculation with 3 Star rated appliance (Refer Appendix)

Building Schedules Minimum Fresh air

As per ECBC & Building use (Refer Appendix) .0025m3/ person + .0003 m2/m2 (Fresh air obtained through window opening)

System type EER

VRF + DOAS +ERV 5.4

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5.1 Shading optimisation

5. Parametric Optimization

Considering the shading angles and the WWR variations selected to be tested, the lengths of projections were calculated. Five options of shading were developed for all the four WWR options with the west 100% shading option being the highest & followed by 100% shading option of south / east and then further reductions were made on this option.

WWR 40% 50% 60% shading 5 3.2 3.7 (100% overhang west) side 1.3 1.4 shading 4 2.6 3 (100% overhang S&E) side 1.3 1.4

Shading mask for each orientation for 100% shading from 8am to 5pm

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Based on the results from the elimination parametric a framework for optimization was finalized for each component of the building envelop.

70% 4.5

5.4

1.4

1.4

3.6

4.3

1.4

1.4

e

Shading 3 overhang (75%) side

1.8 1.3

2.3 1.4

2.7 1.4

3.2 1.4

shading 2 overhang (50%) side

1.3 1

1.5 1

1.8 1

2.2 1

shading 1 overhang (25%) side

0.8 0.8

0.9 0.9

0.9 0.9

1.3 0.9

Shading projection lengths in meters for each WWR & percentage of shading 14

5.1 Shading optimisation

Sensitivity analysis for Shading & WWR combinations on each orientation – Reduction in Total cooling energy from base case

5.2 Glazing Material The glazing options investigated are listed. The results suggested that glazing option 2 is optimal for 40% to 50% WWR. The SHGC is lower and the VLT of the glass is higher than the base case.

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5.3 Fenestration design & daylight performance An overall WWR of 40% with shading option 2 & glazing option 2 was opted for the building with only North offices and conference room in the west and meeting rooms on east are designed with 50% WWR, shading option 3.

Comparison between base case and proposed case geometry

Base case Daylight Results

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shading device for proposed case

Proposed case Daylight Results

5.4 Roof & Wall assembly Type

3

Roof U value Solar Thickness Construction options (W/m2K) Absorptance BAU roof 3mm SRI paint + 75mm cement screed + with SRI 0.63 0.9 250 10mm tar felt + 150mm RCC slab+ 12mm pl 20mm tile + 60mm Foam conc. Screed + 80mmXPS + 10mm tar felt + ECBC roof 0.4 0.6 332 150mm RCC slab + 12mm pl 20mm tile + 60mm Foam conc. Screed + ECBC+ 110mmXPS + 10mm tar felt + roof 0.25 0.6 362 150mm RCC slab + 12mm pl

4

Super ECBC roof

0.2

0.6

377

5

ECBC with SRI

0.4

0.9

315

0.25

0.9

345

0.2

0.9

360

1

2

6

7

ECBC+ with SRI Super ECBC with SRI

Type

Construction

1

U value (W/m2K) 0.63

Thickness

Wall options ECBC

280

18mm pl + 250mm AAC block + 12 pl

2

ECBC+

0.4

360

18mm pl + 200mm AAC block + 30mm XPS + 100mm Brick + 12mm pl

405

18mm pl + 200mm AAC block + 75mm XPS + 100mm AAC + 12mm pl

3

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Super ECBC

0.2

% reduction in cooling energy with roof assemblies

5.5 Parametric Analysis Summary The parametric simulations carried out in JE+ are summarized here. The envelop performance was optimized considering both performance, practical applicability and cost.

The parametric and sensitivity studies helped in understanding the impact of each construction component in the envelop and select the most optimal combination.

Designed case

ECBC

Parametric simulation ewere also compared with the results of an ECBC and Super ECBC prescribed envelop.

Super ECBC

Selected envelop Type Wall

OPTION ECBC

Type OPTION

ROOF Type Glass

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U value (W/m2K) 0.63

U value (W/m2K)

ECBC with SRI 0.4 Make Guardian Sun Guard SuperNeutral 68

Solar Absorptance

0.9 Construction single glass

Thickness 280

Thickness

Construction 18mm pl + 250mm AAC block + 12 pl

Construction

SRI pain+ 60mm Foam conc. Screed + 80mmXPS + 10mm tar felt + 332 150mm RCC slab + 12mm pl Thickness (mm) U value W/m2K SHGC VLT 12

5.4

0.45

0.73

The design case will now be optimized for the HVAC system.

6. Proposed Design

Incremental reduction in cooling energy & EUI with various ECMS 125

100000

Cooling Energy (kWh)

Cooling electricity

136

124

EUI

121.29

140 114.33

112.36

120 107.58

80000

100 80

60000 60 40000

40

20000

20

0

0

Base case

% reduction from Base case EUI Cooling Energy System capacity

Designed fenestration

Glazing material

wall

Designed Glazing material fenestration 10.4% 11.2% 19.3% 20.8% 18.1% 20.8%

Night cooling through 40% opening glazing & 0.65 discharge coefficient

roof

Wall 13.1% 24.3% 25.3%

Air tightness

Roof

Air tightness Night cooling 18.2% 17.4% 23.2% 33.8% 36.5% 43.0% 35.8% 46.9% 48.1%

Night cooling

12 am to 6am

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Night cooling

EUI (kWh/m2)

120000

The proposed design has incrementally emerged from the Base Case design with each ECM derived from parametric simulations.

The envelop was further tested for infiltration by opting for UPVC window frames with sliding panels to improve the air tightness of the building. This further reduced the cooling energy by 2.7% in the designed envelop.

The climate analysis had shown potential for Night Cooling as the Diurnal range was high. e Night cooling was done from 12am to 6am everyday from January to May and October to December. Due to high humidity levels and less diurnal range Night cooling was not opted in Monsoon months

6.1 Design Case HVAC system comparison – Energy consumption by Chiller / VRF outdoor VRF + ERV The design was compared for energy performance with two systems:1. VRF + ERV & 2. Radiant Ceiling + DOAS (ERV + Cooling coil + reheat coil) Radiant ceiling design was found to perform better than VRF system due to division of load into sensible and latent being served by separate units. Due to lesser latent loads Radiant system works better from January to May & October to December. During monsoon months the load on the chiller for DOAS increases due to very high latent load Energy consumption (kWh)

Comparison of outdoor system energy monthly

VRF

Radiant (cooling+reheat)

4200.0 3700.0 3200.0

2700.0 2200.0 1700.0 1200.0 700.0

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

769.3

1428.1

2549.7

3278.1

4099.4

3994.1

3125.5

3030.3

2789.4

2629.2

1615.9

1039.2

Radiant 1437.4 (cooling+reheat)

1794.5

2250.0

2410.0

2946.7

2799.9

2444.7

2486.3

2183.6

2195.8

1919.8

1711.9

VRF

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Radiant + DOAS

6.1 Design Case HVAC system comparison – Comfort Comfort hours from both the systems were compared for representative zones were analyzed with IMAC Band. Comfort map for 2nd Floor open office for both cases is shown below. On an average for the entire building comfortable hours are 93.1% in Radiant but here the humid hours have also reduced as compared to VRF case. In VRF there are 92.2% Hours comfortable Comfort Hours IMAC + RH threshold – VRF + ERV

Comfort Hours IMAC + RH threshold – Radiant + DOAS

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Energy Use Reduction Energy consumption Total cooling electricity Total Lighting Total equipment Fans Heating Pumps fans for exhaust total cooling reduction Total Area (m2) EUI (kWh/m2) System size (TR)

e

VRF

Radiant

46942.93 23725.46 59744.49 7942.85

2029.03 140384.8

40519.41 23725.46 59744.49 2593.49 2023.53 200.67 2029.03 130836.1

1395 100.65

1395 93.81

24.92

24.77

6.2 HVAC system Proposal Month vise HVAC schedule Jan 12amNight Ventilation 6am Fans ON Evaporative cooling ON Radiant + DOAS

Feb 12am6am ON

Mar 12am6am ON

Apr May 12am6am ON ON

ON

ON

ON ON

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

ON

ON

ON

ON

ON

ON

ON

ON

ON

ON

Dec 12am6am ON

ON

ON

Based on the climate analysis a hybrid system is now proposed for the building with Indirect evaporative cooling running in the dry months. The final HVAC systems & Schedules are as:1. Radiant Ceiling Panels REHAU 1. 2 x 19 TR Air cooled Screw Chiller for Radiant & DOAS Cooling coil (York - YCAL0028EE, COP 3.7, IPLV 14.7) e capacity AHU with 3. 20,000 CFM (10m3/s) IDEC & Cooling coil (HMX Ambiator Hybrid AHU) For Fresh air supply & Night cooling through economizer mode

HVAC Zoning for the office building

Ground floor

Nov 12am6am ON

First floor

Second floor

System Components

IDEC + CWC in DOAS

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Chilled ceiling panel 18

6.2 HVAC system Energy Performance

Proposed design performance 160.0

136.0

140.0

100000

Cooling Energy

106.3

120.0 109.1

80000

92.4 60000

100.0 84.4

80.0 60.0

40000

40.0 20000

20.0

0

0.0 Base case

ECBC prescribed Optimized envelop

Radiant only

EUI (kWh/m2)

120000

The final design with an optimized envelop and HVAC system reduced the cooling energy requirement in the building by 74% and the total EUI by 61%. The design strategies have also been able to provide 96% hours comfortable as per IMAC mixed mode band during operational hours and 100% hours with fan operation.

Radiant + Evaporative

e

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7. Cost Analysis

50,00,000.00 45,00,000.00 40,00,000.00 35,00,000.00 30,00,000.00 25,00,000.00 20,00,000.00 15,00,000.00 10,00,000.00 5,00,000.00 -

Total Cost of Construction Payback ROI

100.00% 90.00% 80.00% 70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00%

BAU

ECBC

Proposed

23,14,386.35

37,90,481.11 7.37103887 14%

44,91,957.55 6.391387245 16%

Return on Investment

Rupees

Cost Analysis w.r.t BAU Case

The final design with an optimized envelop and HVAC system reduced the cooling energy requirement in the building by 74% and the total EUI by 61%. The design strategies have also been able to provide 96% hours comfortable as per IMAC mixed mode band during operational hours and 100% hours with fan operation.

This proposal gives an ROI of 16% in a payback of 6 years e

Cases

Total Cost of Construction Incremental Cost w.r.t BAU Incremental Cost %Increase in Cost Total Energy Cost/year Annual Saving ROI Payback

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BAU 23,14,386.35

0% 913920

ECBC 37,90,481.11

Proposed 44,91,957.55

14,76,094.76 64% 713664 200256 14% 7.3

21,77,571.20 94% 573216 340704 16% 6.4 18

THANK YOU

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Chiller Selection – York 19TR

Cost of Radiant system (ceiling + DOAS) = Rs 1,00,000 per TR Cost VRF + DOAS = Rs 60,000 per TR Cost of PTAC = Rs 35,000 per TR

EPD & LPD • Total Equipment = 34.73 kW 1. Computers = 6.4 KW 2. Office equipment = 7.8 kW 3. Ceiling Fans = 6.3 kW 4. Server room = 3kW 5. Lift = 800W 6. Pantry equipment = 10.4 kW • Lights Total connected load = 12.2kW

Schedules - Occupancy Open office (ECBC schedule) Schedule:Compact, Office_OpenOff_Occ, Fraction, Through: 31 Dec, For: Weekdays SummerDesignDay, Until: 08:00, 0, Until: 09:00, 0.5, Until: 13:00, 0.9, Until: 14:00, 0.5, Until: 18:00, 0.9, Until: 19:00, 0.3, Until: 20:00, 0.1, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Weekends, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Holidays, Until: 24:00, 0, For: WinterDesignDay AllOtherDays, Until: 24:00, 0;

Cabins (user defined schedule) Schedule:Compact, Office_OpenOff_Occ, Fraction, Through: 31 Dec, For: Weekdays SummerDesignDay, Until: 07:00, 0, Until: 08:00, 0.1, Until: 09:00, 0.5, Until: 13:00, 0.8, Until: 14:00, 0.5, Until: 18:00, 0.8, Until: 19:00, 0.2, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Weekends, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Holidays, Until: 24:00, 0, For: WinterDesignDay AllOtherDays, Until: 24:00, 0;

waiting / lobby (user defined schedule) Schedule:Compact, Office_OpenOff_Occ, Fraction, Through: 31 Dec, For: Weekdays SummerDesignDay, Until: 07:00, 0, Until: 08:00, 0.1, Until: 09:00, 0.5, Until: 13:00, 0.9, Until: 14:00, 0.3, Until: 18:00, 0.6, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Weekends, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Holidays, Until: 24:00, 0, For: WinterDesignDay AllOtherDays, Until: 24:00, 0;

Schedules - Occupancy reception (user defined schedule) Schedule:Compact, Office_Reception_Occ, Fraction, Through: 31 Dec, For: Weekdays SummerDesignDay, Until: 07:00, 0, Until: 08:00, 0.25, Until: 09:00, 0.5, Until: 12:00, 1, Until: 14:00, 0.75, Until: 17:00, 1, Until: 18:00, 0.5, Until: 19:00, 0.25, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Weekends, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Holidays, Until: 24:00, 0, For: WinterDesignDay AllOtherDays, Until: 24:00, 0;

Meeting / conference Schedule:Compact, Office_Reception_Occ, Fraction, Through: 31 Dec, For: Weekdays SummerDesignDay, Until: 07:00, 0, Until: 08:00, 0.25, Until: 09:00, 0.5, Until: 12:00, 0.9, Until: 14:00, 0.5, Until: 17:00, 0.75, Until: 18:00, 0.5, Until: 19:00, 0.25, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Weekends, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Holidays, Until: 24:00, 0, For: WinterDesignDay AllOtherDays, Until: 24:00, 0;

toilet & pantry Schedule:Compact, Office_Toilet_Occ, Fraction, Through: 31 Dec, For: Weekdays SummerDesignDay, Until: 07:00, 0, Until: 08:00, 0.1, Until: 09:00, 0.3, Until: 12:00, 0.5, Until: 14:00, 0.7, Until: 17:00, 0.5, Until: 18:00, 0.3, Until: 20:00, 0.1, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Weekends, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Holidays, Until: 24:00, 0, For: WinterDesignDay AllOtherDays, Until: 24:00, 0;

Schedule – Light & Equipment Lighting (open areas) Schedule:Compact, Office_OpenOff_Light, Fraction, Through: 31 Dec, For: Weekdays SummerDesignDay, Until: 06:00, 0.05, Until: 07:00, 0.1, Until: 08:00, 0.3, Until: 13:00, 0.9, Until: 14:00, 0.5, Until: 17:00, 0.9, Until: 18:00, 0.95, Until: 19:00, 0.5, Until: 21:00, 0.3, Until: 22:00, 0.2, Until: 23:00, 0.1, Until: 24:00, 0.05, For: Weekends, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Holidays, Until: 24:00, 0, For: WinterDesignDay AllOtherDays, Until: 24:00, 0;

Lighting (toilet / pantry) Schedule:Compact, Office_OpenOff_Light, Fraction, Through: 31 Dec, For: Weekdays SummerDesignDay, Until: 07:00, 0, Until: 08:00, 0.3, Until: 13:00, 0.7, Until: 14:00, 0.5, Until: 17:00, 0.7, Until: 22:00, 1 Until: 24:00, 0, For: Weekends, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Holidays, Until: 24:00, 0, For: WinterDesignDay AllOtherDays, Until: 24:00, 0;

Lighting (cabins/meeting) Schedule:Compact, Office_OpenOff_Light, Fraction, Through: 31 Dec, For: Weekdays SummerDesignDay, Until: 08:00, 0, Until: 09:00, 0.1, Until: 13:00, 0.7, Until: 14:00, 0.5, Until: 17:00, 0.7, Until: 19:00, 0.95, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Weekends, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Holidays, Until: 24:00, 0, For: WinterDesignDay AllOtherDays, Until: 24:00, 0;

equipment (open areas) Schedule:Compact, Office_OpenOff_Light, Fraction, Through: 31 Dec, For: Weekdays SummerDesignDay, Until: 08:00, 0, Until: 09:00, 0.1, Until: 13:00, 0.9, Until: 14:00, 0.8, Until: 18:00, 0.9, Until: 19:00, 0.5, Until: 22:00, 0.1, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Weekends, Until: 24:00, 0, For: Holidays, Until: 24:00, 0, For: WinterDesignDay AllOtherDays, Until: 24:00, 0;

lift Schedule:Com Office_OpenO Fraction, Through: 31 D For: Weekday Until: 06:00, 0 Until: 07:00, 0 Until: 08:00, 0 Until: 10:00, 0 Until: 11:00, 0 Until: 12:00, 0 Until: 13:00, 0 Until: 15:00, 0 Until: 16:00, 0 Until: 17:00, 0 Until: 18:00, 0 Until: 19:00, 0 Until: 20:00, 0 Until: 21:00, 0 Until: 22:00, 0 Until: 24:00, 0 For: Weekend Until: 24:00, 0 For: Holidays, Until: 24:00, 0

Schedule HVAC • Cabins = 8am to 7pm ON • Waiting/lobby = 8am to 6pm ON • Open office = 8am to 8pm ON • Night cooling = 12am to 6pm