UPENN 701_Evolving Edges

Evolving Edges From Hard to Soft

A superblock prototype prioritizes pedestrians and directly emphasizes walkability

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

SuperBlock

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

SuperBlock Isolated Block

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

SuperBlock

Barcelona Historical City Fabric

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

SuperBlock

Pedestrian and Bike Friendly Multi-Activity

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Grid City Study

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Grid City Research Block and Block Subdivide

Street Hierachy

Building Height to Street Width Ratio

Massing Type and FAR

Massing Type ands FAR

City Fabric: Gradient Change

City Fabric: Gradient Change

Massing Type ands FAR

Transit Grid

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

One-way or Dould-way Drive

Massing Type ands FAR

Cut and Corner

Grid City Research

Street Hierachy Research

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Grid City Research

1

Street Gradient Research

6

1

8

Savannah

Sidewalk(Pedestrain)

Pedestrain: Bike: Car

Pedestrain Car Pedestrain

2

1:0:3

8

2

12

Landscape

Savannah

Pedestrain

Car

Pedestrain

3

6

3

1:0:2

Bike Lane

12 Pedestrain

Car

2

8

3

Pedestrain

Car

Pedestrain

3

8

Toronto Car Street Park

Pedestrain

1:0:1

12

Sacramento

Car Lane

1:0:1.6 14

Public Transit

Pedestrain

Savannah

Car

2.5

3.0

3.0

Sidewalk: 1-10m Bicycle Lane: 2-3m Car traffic(each lane): 2-4m

4

4

2

1:0:1.3

3.0

Parking Pedestrain

3.0 15.5

6.0

Car

Pedestrain

1:0:1.5

Community Street: one way drive low-speed drive car street park bicycle lane bicycle park

1:0:0.67

4

16 Pedestrain Parking

Portland SideWalk

2

2.5

Car

2.5 1.0

Pedestrain Parking

Rotterdam

Pedestrain

4.0 15.0

Pedestrain Parking

Rotterdam

Car Speed

3

Bike Lane

Car Lane

0

5-8m

2-3m

0m

Low speed

2-4m

2-3m

2-3m

High speed

3-5m

2-3m

3-4m

Car

Parking Pedestrain

Park

1:0:1 9

4

4

17 Pedestrain Parking

New York

3.0

2.5

Car

Pedestrain

9.0 17.5

3.0

Pedestrain Parking

Rotterdam

3.9 18.0

Pedestrain

Rotterdam

Pedestrain

Car

7.0

1:0:1.9

7.0

Landscape

2

4

1:0:1.125

Pedestrain

6

2

1:0:0

4

18 Car

Pedestrain Parking

Barcelona

2

4

Parking Pedestrain

3

2

3

1:0:1.25

4

18 Pedestrain Parking

Barcelona

Car

Parking

Bike

4

2

Pedestrain

2

1:0.375:0.875

4

2

4

18 Park

Portland

Pedestrain Parking Bike

1

2

6

Car

Parking Pedestrain

6

4

Parking

Pedestrain

7

3

19 Pedestrain Parking

Car

1:0:13

Savannah 3

7 20

Pedestrain

New York

Car

4

2

Pedestrain

8

2

1:0:2.3

4

20 Pedestrain Parking

Savannah

4

Car

Parking Pedestrain

8

2

2

1:0:1.5

4

20 Pedestrain Parking

Sacramento

Car

6

8

Pedestrain

Tram

Parking Pedestrain

Loading Street:

1:0:1.5

2

6

Bike

Pedestrain

Double-way drive High-speed drive Two-side Landscape

22

Sacramento

3

8

6

1:0.16:0.67

6

23 Pedestrain

Savannah

Car

5

2

Parking

2

6

2

Pedestrain

2

1:0:1.56

5

24 Pedestrain

Sacramento

Bike Parking

2

4

Car

2

4

Pedestrain

Parking Bike

1

2

4

4

Bike

Pedestrain

17

4

1:0.4:0.8

2

4

25

Toronto

Pedestrain

Bike

Car

8.0 Pedestrain

Rotterdam 5

2.5

4.0 25.0

2.5

Parking

Car

Parking

Pedestrain

18

3

1:0.5:1.625

8.0

1:0:0.562 5

28 Car

Pedestrain

Toronto 5

Pedestrain

1:0:1.8 5.5

8

1

5.5

8

4

Parking

Car

Pedestrain

8

4

Car

Pedestrain

37

Savannah

Pedestrain

Car

5

8

Parking Landscape

1:0:2.7 12

Avenue:

37 Pedestrain

Savannah

Landscape

Car

Double-way drive High-speed drive Landscape

1:0:0.76 3

23

7

3

7

43

Barcelona

Pedestrain Parking

Car

Landscape: Pedestrain&Bike

3

4

10

Pedestrain

Car

Landscape:Pe and Bike Parking

Car

15

Parking Pedestrain

10

1:0:0.48

4

3

Landscape:Pe and Bike Parking

Car

Pedestrain

14

7

49

Barcelona

Car

1:0:1.43 14

7

8

6

56

Pedestrain

Car

Landscape

Pedestrain

Car

Toronto 14.0

Rotterdam

Pedestrain

28.0

1:0:1.43 14.0

10.0

2.0

3.0

6.0

4.0

6.0

Pedestrain

Bike

Parking

Car

Pedestrain

Tram

59.0

4.0

6.0

3.0

2.0

13.0

Pedestrain

Car

Parking

Bike

Pedestrain

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

1:0.129:0.41

Grid City Research

8

10

10

14

13

8

6

32

11

Savannah L:0.68 R:0.87

25

Savannah L:1.0 R:1.0

14

Portland L:0 R:1.9

10

18

Rotterdam L:0.33 R:0.33

6 6

10

8

6

6

6

Building Height to Street Width Ratio

12

9

Savannah L:0.53 R:0.39

13

Toronto L:2.67 R:2.28

Savannah L:0.9 R:1.16

10

8

10

Savannah L:0.75 R:0.75

28

29

Savannah L:0.27 R:0.35

16

6

8

15

Savannah L:0. R:0.63 10

8

10

10

Sacramento L:0.8 R:1.4

10

29

Savannah L:0.27 R:0.35

18

Sacramento L:1.95 R:0.41

12

6

12

9

21

Portland L:0.98 R:0

19 26

6 21

Toronto L:0.44 R:1.4 15

12

B: 43m

9

Rotterdam L:0.63 R:0.63

25

Sacramento L:0.6 R:0

19

19

21

Sacramento L:0.8 R:1.6

16

42

19

19

19

19

Rotterdam L:0.97 R:0

43

Barcelona L:0.45 R:0.45

18

Barcelona L:1.0 R:1.0

49

21

6

Barcelona L:0.4 R:0.4

25 20

20

9

Toronto L:0.26 R:1.68

25

Rotterdam L:0.84 R:0.36

87

1-2: the distance between the two sides’building’ height is large, usually is 0-36m

29

32

Rotterdam L:0.23 R:0.23

0-1: the distance between the two sides’building’s height is small, usually is 0-3m;

56

Toronto L:0.57 R:0.5

Building Height to Street Width Ratio

0

0.5

1

1.5

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

2

3

Grid City Research Block Gradient Study

Toronto

Portlant Portland_ Urban Vector

80

80

80

80

80

80

80

80

80

80

80

160

185

80

125

96

80

80

80

80

80

138

80

80

50

172

80

2.35km

DISTANCE TO CC

% of fast traffic street

3.02km

80

80

80

75

75

3.41km

80

3.57km

87.5

12.1

21.1

0

83.3

89.4

0.72

0.59

Area/㎡ 0-200

Industrial Retail

% of Residential Program Average FAR

Area/㎡ 0-200 200-500 500-1000 1000-2000 2000Area/㎡ 0-200 200-500 500-1000 1000-2000 2000-

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu 0.70

200-500

500-

Grid City Research

City Fabric Rotation Study Barcelona

FAR

FAR

3.0-3.5

3.5-4.0 FAR

4.0-4.5 3.0-3.5

3.5-4.0

4.0-4.5

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

3

Site Analysis

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Site

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Site Evaluation Buidling Criteria

Remaining Buildings Removed Buildings

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Site Evaluation

Site with remaining buildings

Original Site

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Site Evaluation Activity Criteria

Program Narrative

Program Distribution

School

School

Activity of people

0

2

4

6

8

Activity of people

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

Retail

Retail

Activity of people

Residents

Activity of people

Hotel 0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

Restaurant

0

2

4

6

8

Activity of people

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

Hotel

0

2

4

6

8

Activity of people

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

Residential Housing

2

4

6

8

Activity of people

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

Office

School

0

2

4

6

8

Activity of people

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

Market

2

4

6

8

Activity of people

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

Public Space

Office

2

4

6

8

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

Public Space

Activity of people

0

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

Market

Activity of people

0

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

Office

Activity of people

Retail

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

Residential Housing

Activity of people

0

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

Hotel

Activity of people

Market

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

Restaurant

Activity of people

Restaurant

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

Activity of people

10

Traffic Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

Site Evaluation User Activity

Video

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Site Evaluation Shortest Path

Primary Attractor Secondary Attractor

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Superblock Generation

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Superblock Generation Generative Tools Superblock

Block

Building

Gradient 3D Cellular Automata

SuperBlock Concept

Pedestrian-Friendly Block Rotation

SuperBlock Concept Pedestrian-Friendly Block

Shortest Path Hard edge and Soft Edge

1, Mobility

Street Section Topo Building height to street width ratio Functional and Independent Traffic Networks

1, Mobility 2, Activity

H1

2, Activity 3, Participation

H2

W

Functional and Human Independent Networks0<H/W<1 Scale Traffic Street Section:

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

H1

3, Participation

H2

W

Rights Human Scale StreetCitizen Section: 0<H/W<1

Citizen Rights

Superblock Generation Cellular Automata

?

Generation 0

Generation 0 Born Survive Die

0

Generation 1

8

8

20 20

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

26

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Superblock Generation Cellular Automata

Video

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Superblock Generation Shortest Path

Shortest Path

New Block

Hard Edge and Soft Edge

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Rotation Guildline

Superblock Generation From Hard to Soft

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Superblock Generation Landscape

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Superblock Generation Building Generation

3D Cellular Automata Grow on old building

Subdivision

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

3D Cellular Automata individual Growth

Rotation

3D Cellular Automata Combine different gernerations

Rotation

Superblock Evaluation

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Superblock Evaluation Lighting and Street Ratio

A-A' B-B' C-C' D-D' E-E'

Section A-A’ 21th Jun

F-F' G-G'

19.8

6.5

L: 1.27 R: 0.61

L: 2.77 R: 1.54

7.0

19.0

3.0 12.0

6.0 6.0

7.0

10.0

18.0

12.0

Section A-A’ 21th Dec

25.2

H-H'

12.0

16.2

L: 1 L: 0.5 L: 0.74 R: 0.86 R: 0.25 R: 1.17

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

20.1

10.0

L: 1.24 R: 1.24

L: 1.2 R: 1.2

4.9

7.0

2.4

18.0

10.0

13.0

3.0

3.0

6.0 14.7

3.0

3.0

13.0 6.6

6.0

7.0

12.0

12.0

25.0

Section B-B’ SectionB-B’ 21th Dec 21th Dec

25.0

SectionB-B’ Section B-B’ 21th Jun 21th Jun

5.7

L: 1.06 L: 2.65 L: 0.2 L: 0.43 L: 5.42 L: 1.75 R: 1.97 R: 1.22 R: 0.41 R: 0.43 R: 1.25 R: 3.16

Superblock Evaluation View

1.0

1.3

35.2

42.8 9.0

0.7

0.7

16.0

26.8

42.4

20.0

0.4

HTS BELOW 2 Floors

USH BACK ADD HEIGHT

ETBACK ADD HEIGHT

RICT BY NEW RATIO

RATIOS DO NOT COMPLY

STREET

STREET

ONE SIDE PUSH BACK ADD HEIGHT

PUNCH IN BETWEEN BUILDING

WIDTH >30

WIDTH >30

ONE SIDE SETBACK ADD HEIGHT

TO CONNECT STREET AND INNER OPEN SPACE

SHORT SIDE CANTILEVER ADD HEIGHT

SHORT SIDE SIDEBACK ADD HEIGHT

LIMIT BY NEW RATIO

LIMIT BY NEW RATIO

42.8 9.0

42.4

20.0

27.3

35.3

6.0

29.3

8.7

19.7

33.9

0.52

0.69

0.4

0.4

RATIOS DO NOT COMPLY PUNCH IN BETWEEN BUILDING TO CONNECT STREET AND INNER OPEN SPACE

STREET WIDTH >30

6.3

12.8 0.84

23.7

23.3

0.43

14.6

11.7

10.0 7.1

1.7

6.3

19.3

0.66

18.7

1.0

STREET

STREET

RIGHT

RIGHT

WIDTH >30

RATIO <1 + HEIGHT > 16

ONE HEIGHT BELOW 2 Floors SETBACK ADD HEIGHT

WIDTH >30

0.7

1.0

0.7

0.35

0.9

SHORT SIDE CANTILEVER ADD HEIGHT

SHORT SIDE SIDEBACK ADD HEIGHT

SHORT SIDE CANTILEVER ADD HEIGHT

I RATIO 1 - RATIO 2 I < 0.5

LIMIT BY NEW RATIO

LIMIT BY NEW RATIO

LIMIT BY NEW RATIO

TWO SIDES VARIATION LEFT

LIMIT OF VARIATION RESTRICT BY NEW RATIO

RATIO >1 + HEIGHT > 16 SECTIONAL VARIATION DEPTH>7 ROOM

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

BOTH HEIGHTS BELOW 2 Floors

I RATIO 1- RATIO 2 I > 0.5

ONE SIDE CANTILEVER ADD HEIGHT

ONE SIDE VARIATION

LIMIT OF CANTILEVER RESTRICT BY NEW RATIO

3.3

1.35 > 1

26.8

6.3

6.3

16.3

25.3

16.3

10.3

12.3

0.7

16.0

symmetrical

3.3

0.7

symmetrical

3.3

0.7

17.8

6.0

16.3

25.3

symmetrical

12.3

1.4

6.0

0.35

24.3

0.61

20.0

25.3

6.3 6.0 19.3 0.7

1.3

20.0

35.3

BOTH HEIGHTS BELOW 2 Floors

6.3

12.3

25.3

25.3

19.3

25.3

19.3

18.3 6.3

1.0

1.3

35.2

27.3

0.4

symmetrical

8.2

12.3

6.3 0.7

17.8

LIMITS RESTRICT BY NEW RATIO

metrical

6.0

16.3

25.3

25.3 1.4

3.2

OBSERVATIONS

0.7

0.61

20.0

19.3

6.3 6.0 19.3

9.3

0.35

1.3

20.0

25.3

18.2

SECTION VARIATIONS

12.3

19.3

19.3

18.3 6.3

6.3

BASE RATIO CHECK

25.3

symmetrical

25.3

symmetrical

11.3

1.362.73

2.2

29.3

Superblock Evaluation Edge Condition

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Superblock Evaluation Street -Space Syntax

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Superblock Evaluation Result

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Evolving Edges From Hard to Soft

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Evolving Edges Existing Site

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Evolving Edges Remaining Site

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Evolving Edges New Generation

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Evolving Edges Landscape Pattern

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Evolving Edges Plan

Soft Prototype1:500

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Hard Prototype1:2000

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu

Penndesign_701Studio_Anna_Yiwei Gao_June Zhu