Cultivating the City: Urban Nature Experience & Use in Nørrebro

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use in Nørrebro Urbanism Studio 2017/18

Contents

University of Copenhagen Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management Section for Landscape Architecture and Planning Urbanism Studio 2017/2018 Teachers: Anne Madsbjerg: Course lead & Supervisor Prof. Ellen Marie Braae: Course Responsible & Supervisor Prof. Gertrud Jørgensen: Supervisor Josh Reed: Teaching Assistant Anna Aslaug Mortensdottir Lund: Teaching assistant Editing & layout: Anne Madsbjerg & Josh Reed

Students: 1. The Walkable City Anton Bach, Nele Broeckx, Sofie Amalie Grove, Eric King, Karolina Krystyna Kowarczyk

7. Green Hearts of Nørrebro Dimitris Adamidis, Emma Tolstrup, Jeppe Okkels, Marcia Trento

2. Nature Learning Environments Amalie Ellehøj Okkels, Angels Garcia Andreu, Jeremy Notley, Mikkel Eye, Yijia Zhang

8. Networked Nørrebro Marianne Egeborg AlbØge, Fangfei Chen, Nicholas Dyakowski, Nanna Merethe Jensen, Troels Emil Lyhne

3. Bioscape Nørrebro Alexis Lucio, Alexa Haraga, Magnus Hehlke, Yuanxun Xu

9. Local Connections at Nørrebro Erica Bjerggaard, Jack-Henry Bresa, Luke Shaw & Morten Gøsta Svensson

4. Sidestreets of Nørrebro Hanno Cornelius Conrad, Jonah Darling, Katharina Richter, Sofia Rangelova Stoyanova

10. Reclaiming Urban Space Frederik Bronée, Helene Bruun Sørensen, Nicolo Schlamp, Yixuan Zhang, Ines Žunić

5. Patchworking Nørrebro Tien-Yi Su, Sofie Svitzer Lyngbye, Andrew Robert Lewin, Daniel Jakobsson, Julia Hauer

11. Paradisebro Anna Margrét Sigurdardóttir, Franziska Kolmer, Moyan Shi, Tore KinchJensen

6. An urban Wilderness at Nørrebro Elliott Joyce, Emma Vibe Jørgensen, Lærke Larsen, AnnaMia Lindblom

12. High Density Nørrebro Camille Louise Bertrand, Kristian Mousten, Toby Mathew Adams, Yu Liu

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Contents

Introduction

p. 6-11

The Walkable City

Green Hearts of Nørrebro

Nature Learning Environments

Networked Nørrebro

Bioscape Nørrebro: p. 54-73

Local connections at Nørrebro

Sidestreets of Nørrebro

Reclaiming urban space

Patchworking Nørrebro

Paradisbro

An Urban Wilderness at Nørrebro

High density Nørrebro

p. 14-33

p. 134-151

p. 34-53

p. 152-171

p. 172-191

p. 74-93

p. 192-211

p. 212-233

p. 94-113

p. 234-253

p. 114-133

Appendix

p. 254-267

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Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Introduction

About the Course

Cultivating the City Urban Nature Experiences at Nørrebro Designing sustainable cities by introducing a strategic approach to urban planning is at the core of this course. The future of our densely populated cities constitutes a big challenge not only in Copenhagen, but around the globe. Yet every situation and context is different. We will explore a site specific approach and investigate meaningful, evolving design strategies at Nørrebro - a densely populated and multicultural district in central Copenhagen with relatively few green spaces. The aim of the studio this year is to develop long-term strategies for urban nature at Nørrebro. We will have a special focus on urban nature experience.

At the beginning of the course we will explore our own and different respondents’ experiences of urban nature and try to define what ‘urban nature’ means. Is there a need for more urban nature and which kinds of nature are we talking about?

Nørrebro is a multicultural area in Copenhagen and people might have very different perceptions in regards to their everyday urban environments. We will thus try to include not only our own understanding and taste, but also listen to people who live at Nørrebro.

Students will spend quite a lot of time in the field in the beginning of the course. This means that we will explore the area by bicycle and make a photo-registration of urban nature in the district. We will make an in situ survey and learn to conduct semi-structured interviews with residents at Nørrebro. More objective and factual knowledge about Nørrebro will be added to the knowledge pool through working with GIS. International examples will be introduced and students will learn about interesting reference projects. We will also study relevant texts that can inspire the project work. On the basis of the research students will develop urban nature strategies.

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About the Course

The Task The task is to come up with evolving design strategies for urban nature at Nørrebro. We will investigate different approaches to urban strategic planning and student will learn to apply a strategic approach. To a large extent urban planning is about priorities, values and about finding good solutions to practical problems. It is however also a spatial, an artistic and an aesthetic exercise. Throughout the course we will discuss what this means and test different solutions and scenarios.

We aim at an extended focus on ‘evolution of urban space’, ‘evolution of public life‘, and ‘evolution of landscape/ecology‘. This means that it is important to present strategic design proposals that contribute to an evolving process reflecting the three focal areas. The outcomes/results of the proposed strategic plans should not be presented as static once-and-for-all designs (final outcomes), but rather as sequences of actions, which channel the development in a certain direction. Thus it becomes important to work with time perspectives and spatial scenarios for possible desirable futures that enable possible changes. In that way the evolvement of the area will become a carefully orchestrated process.

The Educational Goal The main educational goal of the course is to give students an elaborated understanding of strategic urban planning.

Planning is traditionally a means to project green-field urban development, yet we will be working with the redevelopment of an already manufactured areas. We will provide students with an analytical apparatus able to encompass large complex urban areas and to bridge quantitative with qualitative data. In addition we will fuel the level of understanding the task with appropriate theoretical contributions asking students to use theory for practice. The course is structured by the project development and practice-oriented learning is thus key. We will primarily facilitate the development of analytical and strategic skills as well as spatial and aesthetic artistry.

The Process The qualitative and quantitative research we conduct during the course will support the project work in various ways.

We are interested in applied research and call the research material we produce “tools”. The tools will qualify the design proposals.

Tool 1: Photo-registration with a focus on: urban space, public life and landscape/ecology (60 selected photos) Tool 2: Surveys (318 total) Tool 3: Semi-structured interviews (53 total) Tool 4: GIS-mapping Tool 5: International best practice examples (12 examples) Tool 6: Applied theory (12 texts) The project work is divided into five phases: three phases in 2015 and two phases in 2016, which as a whole will take students through a full project development process.

Phase 1: ‘Urban Nature Experience & Use’ (Tool 1-3) Phase 2: ‘Strategies’ - Three strategic proposals with a focus on: urban space, public life and landscape/ecology. (Tool 4-5) Phase 3: ‘Evolving Design’ - One evolving design proposal - a synthesis of the three strategies from phase 2.

Phase 4: ‘Presentation’ - Visual storytelling. (Tool 6) Phase 5: ‘Finalize’ - Final proposal and book

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Site location

Copenhagen green spaces (kbhkort.kk.dk)

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Site location

Aerial photo taken in 2017 (https://map.krak.dk)

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Site photos

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Site photos

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Cultivating Cultivating the the City: City: Urban Urban Nature, Nature, Experience Experience & & Use Use

Student projects

The Walkable City Experience Nørrebro as a park

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Anton Bach, Nele Broeckx, Sofie Amalie Grove, Eric King, Karolina Krystyna Kowarczyk

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Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Introduction

The Walkable City Experiencing Nørrebro as a park Copenhagen has spent years to build a cycle-friendly city, and it has paid off as it consistently is ranked among the top cities for cyclists in the world. However with all of the time effort and resources dedicated to cyclists, it seems as though the pedestrian has been overlooked. In a dense urban environment like Nørrebro, we also see a lack of green urban space for the residents.

Our Strategy involves connecting existing green areas and expanding them in a network of green walkways using sidestreets. Expanding public space by closing streets for traffic, and softening the border between urban city life and nature experiences.

By creating car-free walking loops in the area by linking green areas using side streets, we aim to create an enjoyable and calming walking experience for Nørrbro residents. Focusing on a variety of experiences, inspired by traditional landscape garden design.

The strategy will have synergetic effects on the urban nature in Nørrebro, by making green corridors, using landscape based water solutions, enhancing structural complexity and connecting existing green areas.

Furthermore the strategy will provide safe routes for children, elderly people and parents with strollers. All in all it will contribute to higher quality of life for all species in Nørrebro.

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Concept

Concept diagram of future walking path

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Analysis

Nørrebro water management map with historic and potential streams

Noise map of Nørrebro

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Analysis

Places of interest are currently disconnected

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1:20,000

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Strategy

Strategic plan - 2025

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Strategy

Long-term strategic concept

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1:20,000

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Layers

SUPERKILEN DYNAMIC

NØRREBRO STATION PLAZA

BANANAPARK ACTIVE

ADVENTURE

URBAN

LIVELY

CLIMBING

RED SQUARE QUIET

POCKETPARK

NATURE GREEN

WATER

NEW PARK

NØRREBRO PARKEN

GREEN WALK

park/pocket park

perceived quiet

plaza

traffic sound

Experiences on the walking path

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Noises and sounds along the path

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Layers

The walking route allow pedestrians to escape the noise of the city, guiding the way through a more peaceful experience of Nørrebro, and at the same time enhancing the urban nature experience in the area connecting residents to the ‘park’ by using side streets close by.

water catchment blue street

Water management plan

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Focus area 1

Along the walking path, pocket parks function as nodes of varied experiences for the walker.

Visualization of pocket park at Thorsparken, seen from Thorsgade

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Focus area 1

. playground

neighbourhood plaza .

. grass terrain . scent garden

section A-AA

. ball court

. rain garden

. green connection

Detailed plan of Thorsparken

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1:500

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Focus area 1

We create restorative nodes within the dense urban area, and provide ecosystem services to mitigate urban issues.

Green wall

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Grass terrain

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Focus area 1

Rain garden

Scent garden

Section A-AA: Thorsparken

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1:500

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Focus area 2

Street typologies: shared space, intersection and green/blue street, as shown on Radmandsgade

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Focus area 2

Varying street typologies and creating traffic hierarchies through pronounced edges and surface meetings.

3D Visualization of the green path on RĂĽdmandsgade

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Focus area 3

. herb garden

cafe seating .

section B-BB . relax area

. active edge

. open water swale

. residential designed edge

. rain garden

Plan view of green/Blue street Stefansgade

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1:2000

Focus area 3

The green path facilitates movement and unifies Nørrebro as cohesive green fabric.

Green wall

Active edge

Relax area

Open water swale

Cafe seating

Section B-BB: view of Stefansgade

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Focus area 3

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Reflection

We see a lot of potential in a walkable city strategy for the future of Copenhagen. In hectic and dense urban environments like Nørrebro there is already both a need and numerous existing opportunities for people to slow down and discover the city-scape as landscape on their daily trips from A to B. Highlighting these opportunities such as quieter side streets and pocket parks in a cohesive fashion and designing them around the most natural form of transportation - walking - creates a multitude of opportunities: Addressing public health and pedestrian safety; Creating safe routes for children and elderly; Expanding public space in dense urban areas; Creating restorative nature experiences; Inviting for more citizen interaction; Providing ecosystem services through landscape design and focusing on the walking experience in human scale.

Finally, by developing the strategy though pilot projecting, we secure a resilient strategy in the long run, allowing evaluation, usage analyses and further development of the design.

Since we are keeping a lot of existing vegetation along the pilot project path, a specific list of suitable vegetation for the pathways and pocket parks can be developed based on the success of the pilot project.

It is important for us to inspire future green walk designers to focus on the values and experiences that this project highlights, while being able to interpret and adapt the pilot project guidelines on a site specific basis, with an eye towards the future of dense urban cities.

Visualization of Stefansagade

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Nature Learning Environments Strategy for a green education at Nørrebro

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Amalie Ellehøj Okkels, Angels Garcia Andreu, Jeremy Notley, Mikkel Eye, Yijia Zhang

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Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Introduction

Nature Learning Environments Strategy for a green education at Nørrebro The aim is to define and teach children nature development as a process to improve and achieve an environmental and urban nature consciousness. It will strengthen educational processes that allow cultivating values and responsible citizens on the environment. Three strategies and focus areas show how the development towards a greener and more educational Nørrebro is achieved.

Activating children at home with gardening will make them aware of nature processes. Balconies and wide sidewalks all over Nørrebro, especially Outer Nørrebro, have a great potential of turning Nørrebro into a more green and biodiverse district with only little commitment and space. Children are encouraged to take part of this ‘greenification’ of the district by making municipal competitions, where children can collect seeds and plant them at home.

Creating excursion destinations for the public schools of Nørrebro is another way to raise interest in nature. This is done by transforming e.g. Hans Tavsens Park into a nature learning park with ponds, wildlife flowers, greenhouses etc. Other areas of Nørrebro in close relation to the public schools are transformed into nature learning destinations as well. In the longterm perspective one of the main excursion destinations will be the Blue Line, where children are exposed to natural and man-made processes of water movement. A unique microclimate is created below the surface, providing a natural shift in environments. Design elements allow children to stimulate and develop their cognitive function by engaging sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell.

The public schools and excursion destinations are all connected with a green and lush route, leading through the central part of Nørrebro. The route is attached to the Green Bicycle Path, thereby creating a green child-friendly loop in the city.

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Concept

The story of three kids is told. The first kid, Amanda, is 4 years old and gardening at home because of the balcony strategy. Maybe her father is teaching her how to plant and water the plants. The second and third kid is older than 6 years. One is going to a normal school, Bryan, and the other one, Charlie, is going to an outdoor school. One day Bryan is going on an excursion. Maybe he could meet his friends who are studying in an outdoor school at the green route, like Charlie does. All of them can enjoy and feel the nature outside of their schools or they can take an adventure through the Blue Line.

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Analysis

PROJECT AREA EXISTING GREEN AREAS

Public schools of Nørrebro in relation to green areas

RELATION BETWEEN SCHOOLS AND OPEN SPACES

PROJECT AREA CARS

BIKES

Public schools at Nørrebro in relation to RELATION BETWEEN SCHOOLS AND VEHICLES primary infrastructure

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Analysis

Legend Green space Buildings Public schools Balconies / wide sidewalk

Current situation. The northern part of Nørrebro is less dense but lacks proper green areas

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1:20,000

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Strategy

Legend Green space Strategic intervention Buildings Public schools Green balconies / sidewalk

2025 Strategy. A green route connecting the schools is created and balconies and sidewalks are starting to become green

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1:20,000

Strategy

Legend Green space Strategic intervention Buildings Public schools Green balconies / sidewalk

Long-term strategy. The Blue Line is created, and greening of balconies and sidewalks have expanded to the entire Nørrebro

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1:20,000

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Layers

Rådmandsgade School Guldberg School Guldberg School Nørrebro Park School Blågård School

Public schools

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Balconies & wide sidewalks

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Layers

Balconies and wide sidewalks all over Nørrebro, especially Outer Nørrebro, have great a potential in facilitating the transformation of Nørrebro into a more green and biodiverse district with very little commitment and space.

Green areas

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Focus area 1

Hans Tavsens Park is being transformed into a nature learning park with ponds, greenhouses etc.

A group of youngsters enjoying an outdoor biology class in Hans Tavsens Park

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Focus area 1

Nørrebro Park School Arena

Section A-AA

Greenhouses Sports activities

Sandboxes

Visualisation Water playground

Blågård School

Plan of Hans Tavsens Park

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1:2200

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Focus area 1

Public green spaces are created next to schools along the green route, encouraging children to learn about nature.

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Focus area 1

Section A-AA: Hans Tavsens Park

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1:250

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Focus area 2

Competition poster encouraging children to collect pencils that can be planted

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Focus area 2

Activating children at home with gardening will make them more aware of nature in the city and they may even get their parents involved!

Child watering flowers on the balcony at home

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Focus area 3

Entry

Glass walkway Leisure steps

Water pipes

Stepping stones Exhibition area

Entry

Plan of the Blue Line along the Green Bicycle Path next to Ã…boulevard

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1:750

Focus area 3

A unique microclimate is created below the surface, providing a natural shift in environments.

Model illustrates the terrain over the Blueline

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Focus area 3

Inside the Blue Line, children are playing and interacting with water as people are reading educational posters about water in Copenhagen

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Reflection

Today most people live in cities, here among children. It is more sustainable to live in cities than the countryside but cities have to deal with pollution and health issues. Future cities should be nature focused. The reasons are many. The strategies of Nature Learning Environment will improve nature awareness and they are easy to implement in other parts of Copenhagen.

The balcony strategy is expected to play an important role in the future green city because of more traffic and less space in the streets.

The limited space needed in this strategy is an advantage. Furthermore, the numbers of balconies erected in the city is expected to increase in the future.

Creating green lush routes is a great way to increase biodiversity but also to make safe and child-friendly connections through the city.

Obvious places to introduce the strategy are streets with limited traffic and green areas of great importance that need the missing link. Turning streets and left-over spaces into storm-water streets and retaining areas is a great opportunity to also incorporate nature learning facilities.

Larger areas can as well be transformed into multipurpose use and work as excursion destinations for schools. In a long-term perspective we want to expand our strategy beyond the borders of Nørrebro and work with Fælledparken, The Lakes and Lersø Parkallé as excursion destinations and green routes, to create an even greater network of green connections in Copenhagen.

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Bioscape Nørrebro Increasing biodiversity and nature experience in Nørrebro

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Alexis Lucio, Alexa Haraga, Magnus Hehlke, Yuanxun Xu

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Introduction

Bioscape Nørrebro Increasing biodiversity and nature experience in Nørrebro Nørrebro has a vital role in the city of Copenhagen. Being the most socially diverse and densely built area, nature is unevenly distributed within the district. Nørrebro has a unique identity, but currently nature is not the most characteristic component of it. Beside some vast green areas like Assistens Kirkegard, most of the natural areas are green, but usually not representatives of the authentic wild nature. There is a lack of biodiversity, which means the lack of varied species and also different kinds of habitats. The strategy suggest to increase biodiversity and human nature experience in Nørrebro over time.

The Storm-water Management Plan for the city of Copenhagen provide the basis to generate site-specific solutions for different areas of the district while following the overall goals of the strategies: Enhance biodiversity, increase urban nature experience and making space for co-habitats, meaning to provide a safe environment for every living organism in the ecosystem.

The project focuses on different potential areas, in all kind of scales, like urban green spaces, leftover spaces, rooftops and streets which will be transformed into diverse habitats for different kind of species. Once this different potential areas were identified, the transformation process will start and the amount of the habitats in the urban context will grow in the long term process through the methods of identifying, creating and connecting, the distance between each habitats will be shorten, allowing the formation of stepping stones and connecting with each other in a larger context.

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Concept

Preserve, create and expand natural habitats in Nørrebro

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Analysis

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Urban green spaces

Leftover spaces

Rooftops

Streets

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Analysis

Legend urban green spaces wasteland leftover spaces facade rooftops streets existing green roofs Potential green spaces for Bioscape Nørrebro 2017

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1:20,000

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Strategy

Legend urban green spaces wasteland leftover spaces facade rooftops streets

Strategic Plan 2025

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1:20,000

Strategy

Legend urban green spaces wasteland leftover spaces facade rooftops streets

Strategic Plan long term potential for Bioscape Nørrebro

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1:20,000

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Layers

Transformed streets and leftover spaces

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Transformed urban green spaces

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Layers

The number and quality of habitats in the urban context will increase throughout the process. Gradually the distances between each habitat will be reduced, resulting in the formation of stepping stones that connect with each other in a larger context.

Transformed rooftops

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Focus area 1

Focus on ruderal species, nature recaptures the area over time as main part of the design concept.

connecting surrounding

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green link

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stretch-out-effect

green neighbourhood

Focus area 1

Section A-AA

Site Plan Wasteland

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1:5000

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Focus area 1

Create a habitat for a large number of plants, animals and insect species.

texture habitat

rock / gravel area

succession area

use intensity species

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Focus area 1

Section Zoom

natural retention basin

meadow wasteland

1:300

forest wasteland

Section A-AA 1:2500

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Focus area 2

Before - After

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1:4000

Focus area 2

Create and connect different habitats through softscapes and hardscapes.

Site Plan Nature Network

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1:2000

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Focus area 3

Section C-CC

Section B-BB

Site Plan Urban Green Spaces

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1:6000

Focus area 3

Shortening the distance between the city and the nature.

Section B-BB

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1:250

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Focus Area 3

Green Zone

Sport Area

Bicycle Lane

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Reflection

By applying the methods of Bioscape Nørrebro the district can become an area liveable not only for humans, but also for animals and plants.

Bringing nature into the city creates a more resilient, adaptable ecosystem and also gives people living in the city what they usually lack: a contact with nature which they can either experience actively or passively. Creating diverse habitats throughout Nørrebro adds a wild nature to the district’s existing identity.

The built environment and rough vegetation form an outstanding contrast, which provides people a remarkable, unique experience in Copenhagen.

The strategy aims to provide liveable spaces allowing for spontaneous ecological processes throughout the area in all kind of scales.

Implementing the methods of the strategy will attract many different species including plants, animals and insects.

The strategy as an open-ended approach is continuously evolving in response to biodiversity decline.

Playground

Recreational Area

Footpath

Section C-CC

1:250

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Sidestreets of Nørrebro Enriching Nørrebro’s Interior

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Hanno Cornelius Conrad, Jonah Darling, Katharina Richter, Sofia Rangelova Stoyanova

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Introduction

Sidestreets of Nørrebro Enriching Nørrebro’s Interior Nørrebro has established itself as one of the most colourful and trendy quarters in Copenhagen, boasting a unique mix of culture, community and art. However, much of this activity revolves around the area’s main street arteries, often leaving pockets of its interior neglected. This project seeks to make use of a range of identified side streets in an effort to firstly draw people into otherwise untraversed Nørrebro areas, and to provide them with rich and captivating experiences which vary in their approaches to current social, cultural, spatial and ecological issues.

Nørrebro’s side streets make up around 20% of its total area, with many of these streets being bare, unattractive and not utilising much of their space suitably. As a result they have been recognised as having huge potential to boost the quality of neighbourhood life. This strategy is a viable construction option as it doesn’t interfere with the municipalities’ major transport routes, but rather places focus on these streets and their long-term potential to act as avenues for new destinations.

The long-term factor is central to the design and implementation of this approach. As naturally the municipality places more focus on main roads, these streets are to be robust in construction and require little maintenance. This provides opportunity for simple maintenance and future development to come from the surrounding community, allowing them to leave their own mark of neighbourhood identity.

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Concept

Enhance nature experience

Improve quality of urban space

Boost social life

Make the city resilient

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Analysis

Existing Institutions in Nørrebro

Green infrastructure and main road map

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Analysis

Ty p o l o g y K e y Shared Transition The Local Pocket Hybrid Hub Dynamic Vigour

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Vingelodden Banevingen Vermundsgade Sigynsgade Valkyriegade Slangerupgade Brynhildegade Skjolds Pl. Valhalsgade Fafnersgade Hermodsgade Titangade Sigurdsgade Sifs Pl. Vermundsgade Aldersrogade Hildursgade Vibekegade Gyritegade Gunhildsgade Jagtvej Sideallé 1 Jagtvej Sideallé 2 Fogedmarken & Eddagården Arresøgade Refsnæsgade Ydunsgade Thorsgade Rådmandsgade Vølundsgade Ægirsgade Baldersgade & Balders Pl. Mjølnerparken Mjølnerparken Sideallé 1 Mjølner parken Sideallé 2 Mjølnerparken Sideallé 3 Hothers Pl. Borgmestervangen Esromgade Fredensborggade Sandbjerggade Ørholmgade Høsterkøbgade Nærumgade Rungsted Pl. Humlebækgade Stefansgade Kronborggade Kronborggade Sideallé Bjelkes Allé Husumgale Julius Bloms Gade Søllerødgale Sideallé Heinesgade Holtegade Sorgenfrigade Søllerødgale Nørre Sideallé Ahornsgade & Norre Allé Ryesgade Egegade & Birkegade Elmegade Struenseegade Jesper Brochmands Gade Åboulevard Jægergade Jægergade Korsgade Griffenfeldsgade Sideallé Hermans Triers Pl. Kleinsgade

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Legend

63 66 65 67

Shared transition

64

Local pocket Hybrid hub 68

Dynamic vigour

69

Current situation (analysis) plan - 2017

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1:10,000

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Strategy

Legend Prototype streets Potential neighbourhoods for development Strategic Plan - 2025

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1:10,000

Strategy

Legend Green side streets Prototype streets

Strategic plan: long term potential- 2100

81

1:10,000

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Typologies

Shared Transition

The Local Pocket

Hybrid Hub

Active

Children

Active

Shopping

Pocket parks

Retail

Encouraging

Courtyard link

Pedestrians

Corner/prospect

Safe space

Hybrid

Shared space

Zoning

Diversification

Transitional

Localised

Business/education

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Typologies

The implementation of this project begins with four prototypes spread amongst differing spatial and social configurations to test this strategy in a range of contexts.

These designs will be applied to a range of other identified street ‘hot spots’ chosen for their existing varied physical, cultural, social and green characteristics.

Dynamic Vigour Active/passive Young adults Space for events Courtyard linked Connection veins Local use

83

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Focus area 1

Urban ecology and biodiversity is a central element of focus at Kronborggade

Rain garden

Shared space

Seating area

Section A-AA: Kronborggade

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1:200

Focus area 1

Shared space

Shops Rain garden

Section A-AA

Outdoor gym

Site plan Kronborggade

85

1:250

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Focus area 1

We create green spaces like a new pocket park and green elements like green walls, water features and rain gardens.

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Focus area 1

Perspective Kronborggade

87

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Focus area 2

Adventure playground

Section B-BB: Thorsgade

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1:200

Focus area 2

Urban space is its key design generator so it takes advantage of the relationship between street and public courtyard.

Section B-BB

Adventure playground

Permeable pavement

Rain garden

Site plan Thorsgade

89

1:250

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Focus area 3

Permeable pavement

Social zones

Section C-CC

Site plan Skjolds Plads

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1:250

Focus area 3

A balance of open and closed spaces are achieved through the open plaza and relatively high density of trees and varied topography.

Perspective Skjolds Plads

91

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Focus area 3

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Reflection

Conducting interviews and surveys in the early stages of this project gave us some solid insights into residents’ opinions and expectations of Nørrebro. From the feedback received it was clear there is a lack of activity and green experience throughout Nørrebro’s northern extents, but more importantly the significant lack of green experience found outside of Nørrebro’s parks and cemetery. This procedure, along with mapping data obtained from GIS and a study into relevant international strategies allowed us to formulate our concept backbone.

As a team, our initial core focus was on providing these absorbing user experiences and the development of Nørrebro as a resilient and green symbol of Copenhagen. However, through progression of our project and a consideration into the element of time our focus also began to lay heavily with cultural and social issues. This provided a huge opportunity for our strategy and designs which resulted in a much more interactive user experience and community orientated approach.

This project was very beneficial in the studying of urban life, urban ecology and urban space particularly due to working at different scales and various media forms. It has furthered our competence in design analysis, formulation and rendition as we considered a range of current and future issues within a complex framework.

Importantly too, it has provided us all with a range of new perspectives from which to see Copenhagen and the urban structure in general, along with whats important for the people within it. We believe our designs will have a positive long-term effect on Nørrebro’s social, cultural, physical and ecological character and become a best-practice urban transformation example for other major cities to follow.

Perspective Valkyriegade

93

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Patchworking Nørrebro Cultivating, enhancing & nurturing diversity

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Tien-Yi Su, Sofie Svitzer Lyngbye, Andrew Robert Lewin, Daniel Jakobsson, Julia Hauer

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Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Introduction

Patchworking Nørrebro Cultivating, enhancing & nurturing diversity Nørrebro’s complex diversity is displayed by the wide contrasts of the area’s urban fabric. Neat one-floor row houses against modernist extreme blocks & world famous micro-breweries against organised street gang activity. According to the expectations this results in a variety of problems and potentials. However the great variation in diversity of Nørrebro exceeds all expectations - which concludes in the desire to work the diversity.

A planner’s nature of structuring, is condensed in the image of a Patchwork which acknowledges the city as an urban fabric consisting of the interaction between the patches and the sewing system that uncovers urban life.

The first step is diversity definition. Local characters, atmospheres, identities and statuses are determined in terms of ecology, social life and economy. This urban restructuring leads to a division into diversity patches.

Second is diversity condition. The necessity of urban intervention is evaluated based on the potentials and problems of each patch. Therefore the current diversity character can be displayed in its patch strength.

The last step is diversity strategy. The priority of urban intervention is calculated based on the patch condition: problems and potentials are getting weighed up. If the problems are undeniable, there’s a need to cultivate the diversity. If potentials and problems are in balance, the strategy approach is enhancing the diversity. If potentials disguise problems, the strategy is about nurturing diversity.

The three strategy approaches, represent the temporal flexibility at its best. It is further explained by way of example of the three focus areas; Creative Corner, the Green Corridor & Gardens of the World.

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Concept

The Patchwork. Patches of diversity & green corridor Seams

97

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Analysis

POTENTIAL BUT UNSAFE BUDDAH BIKES

GANGS

CAR DEALERS

CUTE HOUSING

DISCONNECTING GREEN SPACES BLACK SQUARE

MEETING PEOPLE

LANDMARK SUPERKILEN TRAFFIC INTEREST RED PAINTED WALLS

NØRREBRO STATION COFFEECONSTRUCTION BEER GOLF FOOTBALL

KU SCHOOL

KIDS STREET

TRAFFIC

NØRREBRO SCHOOL COMUNITY NATURAL PARKEN SMART SPOT URBAN

URBAN VARIETY

COFFEE BEER GARDENING FOR PEOPLE JAGTVEJ 69 BONSAI WALLED CIGARETTES JEWISH CEMETERY URBAN WALLED CLOTHES HUNG UP GARDENING GANGS IN THE AIR TO DRY CAFÉS RED SQUIRREL PICNIC HOMELESS BIKING TROUGH EATERY LAKES

OPEN SPACE

BYOASEN

CEMETERY

BARS

RUNPATH

EATERY SIT WITH FRIENDS

PARK UNSAFE GANGS AT NIGHT COFFEE PLAYGROUND GRAS NOT NICE ROOFTOPS

Mind map of Nørrebro based on research; interviews, surveys & photo registration

Population statistics & livability of Nørrebro based on GIS data

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Analysis

2017 Atmosphere catch of Nørrebro’s diversity

99

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Strategy

Legend Nurture diversity Enhance diversity Cultivate diversity Envisioned diversity of Nørrebro in 2025

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1:20,000

Strategy

Envisioned diversity in Nørrebro 20XX

101

1:20,000

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Layers

Patches: Highly diverse urban fragments

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Seams: Green spatial corridors sewing the patches together

102

Layers

Patches are vulnerable to movement & stress while seams distribute diversity of urban life.

The Nørrebro Patchwork as a dynamic system to experience the district diversity by utilizing urban nature.

The Patchwork: Patches of diversity & green corridor Seams

103

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Focus area 1

“There is a lot of special art here, that people could enjoy” Christian Benjamin - Nørrebro resident

Around the factory there is room for spontaneous activities, markets and pop-up shows - keeping the everyday life of the locals fun and unexpected

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Focus area 1

In the new neighbourhood of northern Nørrebro, the factory will provide a sense of identity with creative activities and markets all year round

105

1:1000

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Focus area 1

Cultivating creativity, mixed housing & authenticity in northern Nørrebro.

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Focus area 1

Development strategy of public & administrative action & reaction

107

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Focus area 2

The green corridor will connect the two largest green habitats on Nørrebro at the vibrant and busy node of the new Runddel metro station

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1:1000

Focus area 2

The green corridor will grow from evolving nature at the empty lots, and new planting on the empty facades

109

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Focus area 3

The community is strengthen through co-design and freeing up space for new, locally decided, activities.

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1:1000

Focus area 3

Nurturing community, enactment & ethnicity

By freeing up space from a current parking lot, the community has the opportunity to utilize the space for local activities

111

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Focus area 3

Local engagement has resulted in a new communal house, serving the whole area and providing a new meeting place for the community

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Reflection

The strength of this Patchworking Nørrebro strategy is that it is anchored in its current authenticity. Each Patch can be developed in a way that supports its very own unique diversity.

The strategy offers three gradient types for it, based on the current conditions of each Patch.

The system of Patches ensures a mutual capability to handle process movement, differences & stress, which require the Seams. They function as a finely interwoven distribution system of urban life - full of life.

The seaming up of both element types generates the Nørrebro Patchwork which utilizes urban nature to experience the diversity of the district district diversity as the urban phenotype of ecology, public life & economy.

The bonus of this Patchworking Nørrebo strategy is its awareness of the Unexpected. At any given time it can react and adapt to new unforeseen events, happenings & influence.

113

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

An urban wilderness at Nørrebro Hedgehogs, squirrels and bats in the city

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Elliott Joyce, Emma Vibe Jørgensen, LÌrke Larsen & AnnaMia Lindblom

115

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Introduction

An urban wilderness at Nørrebro Hedgehogs, squirrels and bats in the city Urban Wilderness of Nørrebro is about creating a more Biophillic city, a city with increased biodiversity. Our focus is to make Nørrebro a better place for the existing animals in the city, whilst also creating a place which will attract a variety of species and allow them to thrive. To do this elements with in the city need to be adapted to put the needs of different types of wild life first. By redesigning certain areas, using the empty grounds and leftovers spots, it is possible to create spaces which best suit the needs for Nørrebro’s urban wildlife.

The concept of this project is aiming to increase existing wildlife at Nørrebro by designing habitats suited for bats, squirrels and hedgehogs which are already living in the area and are red listed. The vision is to experience wild life at three levels; Bats at sky level in 25-30m above ground, squirrels at canopy level in 5-15m above ground and hedgehogs at ground level in 0-0.4m above ground. By targeting these three different mammals it is possible to positively effect the biodiversity in Nørrebro.

Our strategy is to create both natural and artificial habitats with plants and tree species to enhance the environment for these animals. The strategy is to plant a variety of tree species and other plants that are similar to the natural habitats in the rural landscape. The goal is to create connections between the green areas in Nørrebro and the surrounding parks. In the future some streets will also be closed and transformed into green areas with meadows and trees.

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Concept

Bats at sky level 25-30 m above ground

Squirrels at canopy level 5-15 m above ground

Hedgehogs at ground level 0-0.4 m above ground Wildlife at three levels; ground level, canopy level and sky level

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Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Analysis

Existing green areas in and around Nørrebro

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! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !!! !!!! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! !! !! !! ! !!!! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!! !! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! !!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! ! !! !! ! !!!! ! ! !!! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !!!! !!! !! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !!! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!!! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!! ! !!! ! !! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! !!!! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!! ! !! !! !! !! !! !! ! ! !! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !! !!! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!! !! ! !!! ! !! ! !! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! !!! ! !!! ! ! !! !! !! !! ! !! ! !! !! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! !! ! !! !! !! ! !!!! ! ! !! ! !!! !!! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!! !! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !! !! ! ! !! !!! !! !! !!! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! !!! !! ! ! ! !! ! !!! ! !! ! ! !! !! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !!!!! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!! ! !! !! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !!!! !! ! !! ! !! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! !! ! !!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! !! !! ! ! ! ! !!!! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! ! !! ! ! ! !!!! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! !! ! ! !! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! !! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!!!!! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! !! ! !! ! !!!! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!!! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! !!! ! !! ! ! !! !! !! !! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! !!!!!! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! !!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !!! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !! ! !!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! !! !!! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! !!! ! ! !! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!!! !!! !! ! ! !!! ! !!!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! !! !!! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! !!! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! !! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! !!! !!! ! !! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !!!!!!! !!! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !!!! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!!! !! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!! ! !! !!! ! !!!!!!! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !! !!! ! !! ! ! ! !!! !! !!! ! ! ! ! !! !!!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! !! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! !!! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !! !! ! !!! !!! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! !!!! ! !! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !!! ! ! !! ! !!! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !!! ! !! !!! !! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! !!! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!! ! ! ! !! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!! !! ! !! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !!!!! ! !! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !!!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!! ! ! ! !!! ! !! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !!! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! !! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! !!! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! !!! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! !!!!!!! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! !! !! ! !! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !! !!! ! !!! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!! ! !!! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! !! ! !!! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! !! ! !!! ! ! ! !!!!! ! ! ! !! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

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Existing street trees in Nørrebro

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Analysis

Legend Red Squirrel Hedgehog habitat Bats Green area Bat House Meadow Zoom in

Existing habitats in Nørrebro 2018

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Strategy

Legend Red Squirrel Hedgehog habitat Bats Green area Bat House Meadow Zoom in Green connection

Strategic plan: 2025

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Strategy

Legend Red Squirrel Hedgehog habitat Bats Green area Bat House Meadow Zoom in Green connection Connection

Strategic plan: future

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Layers

Sky level :

Canopy level:

Habitats and side effects for bats

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Layers

We aim to increase levels of existing wildlife at Nørrebro by designing habitats that are specifically suited to bats, squirrels and hedgehogs.

These animals are already living in the Nørrebro area with relative success, but each are red listed species.

Ground level:

Habitats and side effects for hedgehogs

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Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Focus area 1

Creating a meadow landscape for hedgehogs by closing a street in Nørrebro.

Visualization of meadow for hedgehog habitat in Korsgade

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Focus area 1

Section A-AA

Legend Log pile Wild flower meadows

Korsgade transformed to a meadow with log piles for hedgehogs to sleep and hibernate

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Focus area 1

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Focus area 1

Section A-AA: Korsgade is linked between the lakes and the cemetery and will be a green connection between these areas

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Focus area 2

Visualization of Sigynsgade in the future with squirrel habitats and a canopy cafĂŠ

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Focus area 2

Sigynsgade will be closed for cars and transformed into a park planted with a mix of pine and deciduous trees; species that provide food and a habitat for squirrels.

Legend Canopy cafe Market stalls Overhead squirrel wires Bat house

Zoom in plan at Sigynsgade

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Focus area 3

Section B-BB

Legend Metro station Wild flower Meadow Sky bar Bat house

Bat house connected to the cemetery and the new metro station and linear tree planting creates a suitable habitat for bats to hunt

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Focus area 3

Sky bar placed in the cemetery and close to the new metro station.

Section B-BB: Sky bar in the cemetery where people can observe bats hunting and the stars above them 1:500

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Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Biodiversity

Reflection

2018

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Reflection

The vision of this project is to create a strategy that can be seen from three different perspectives on three different levels. Landscape architecture is often about forming the landscape from a human perspective at the expense of a number of different types of wildlife Cities are expanding worldwide and will continue to do so in the future, taking up a lot of space away from other species. This means many animals are at risk of getting their habitats destroyed leading to many animals becoming endangered.

As landscape architects, we have the possibility to create cities for both humans and animals by bringing nature back into the city. We believe this is important, as increasing biodiversity leads to a healthier city.

We believe our strategy will take Nørrebro a step closer to allowing humans and wildlife to coexist together. This will lead to a number of positive benefits to both, such as allowing for people to gain nature experiences without having to leave the city. Our strategy will also benefit a wider range of wildlife as we have focused on three animals which cover multiple types of habitats. By keeping our strategy simple allows for our designs to be adaptable to most city conditions.

Long term

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Green Hearts of Nørrebro A treasure hunt through the green hearts of Nørrebro

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Dimitris Adamidis, Emma Tolstrup, Jeppe Okkels & Marcia Trento

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Introduction

Revealing Nørrebro A treasure hunt through the green hearts of Nørrebro Nørrebro is known for being the most densely populated city district in Copenhagen with the fewest green areas. Even though most of the streets seem grey and are lacking trees and vegetation in general, many green treasures are hidden in the private courtyards. With the green hearts of Nørrebro, the hidden green treasures of Nørrebro are revealed and connected.

These connections create alternative green route, which connects important places both inside and outside Nørrebro.

Occasional pop-up events and activities in the courtyards, such as flea markets, will appear and create diverse atmospheres you can explore and experience by following the green routes.

The strategic plan consists of three layers: the potential green areas, revealing the inaccessible green spaces and watering Nørrebro, all together creates the combined multilayered strategy. Potential green areas show green areas which are not easily or widely accessible. These are typically courtyards which are closed off to the public. These potential green areas will be opened and revealed through a green connection, which creates the foundation of the alternative routes. Water is the third layer of the strategy. The water layer involves small depressions for stormwater management and five water installations which will bring the residents of Nørrebro closer to the water element.

Today in Nørrebro you find two big areas: Superkilen and Assistens cemetery. At the present state, Superkilen and the cemetery are not connected to each other. In 2025 the two areas will be connected to each other as well as to other important destinations such as fælledparken and Universitetsparken. The connections work as alternative green routes, which consist of green and blue routes. The introduced pilot projects in the area, will inspire the citizens of Nørrebro to collectively take the decision to open their courtyards up to the rest of the public resulting in the establishment of new connection routes.

In the future, the green alternative routes network will be expanded even more, interconnecting even better all the existing and upcoming spaces of interest. E.g. a connection between Frederiksberg campus and Nørre campus will be established and connect the two city districts.

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Concept

There are many hidden ‘green’ treasures hiding within the courtyards of Nørrebro

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Analysis

Grey atmosphere of Nørrebro

An aerial photo reveals the potential of green yards in Nørrebro.

Existing activities in hidden green areas.

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Analysis

SUPERKILEN

CEMETERY

Legend Green areas Potential new green areas Green routes

Lack of connection between potential areas makes people miss the many green areas hidden within Nørrebro.

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Strategy

CULTURE FACTORY

SUPERKILEN

FÆLLEDPARKEN

UNIVERSITY KU

CEMETERY

Legend BRIDGE QUEEN LOUISE

Green areas Potential new green areas Green routes Open stormwater canals Playful stormwater ponds

2025: Strategic connections

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Strategy

LERSØARKEN

METRO SUPERKILEN UNIVERSITY KU FÆLLEDPARKEN

BYOASEN

CEMETERY

THE LAKES

Legend Green areas Green routes Open stormwater canals Playful stormwater pounds Long term potential: network of green routes, revelled hearts and more people more connect to nature

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Layers

Existing and potential green shared areas

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Green hearts and landmarks connections

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Layers

We want to provide different experiences, so it should not always be the same park you go visit,or the same walk home each day. Routes may vary throughout the year so to experience the relationship between nature, culture and the seasons.

Turning the water visible

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Focus area 1

When moving through the green route you will discover different events run by residents.

Different activities can took place inside the courtyards during special days. Red highlights the green route in this image.

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Focus area 1

Cross section

T-Junction

Two combined T-junctions

Way finding scheme using vegetation on the facades as a guiding tool

Legend Green route Green Façades to guide Vegetation Water

Opening up courtyards to connect AssistenskirkegĂĽrden to Dronning Louises Bro through an green alternative route

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Atmosphere & Experience

The new green route allows the public to experience a variety of atmospheres along an ever changing route.

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Focus area 1

Section A-AA: the new green way through opened backyards. Pop-up events should attract more people during special days

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Focus area 2

Section B-BB

Legend New green route Vegetation Water

Sigynsgade - A new green heart in North Nørrebro connecting FÌlledparken and Superkilen

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1:000

Focus area 2

Increasing the ‘eyes on the street’ will make Sigynsgade a safer place

Section B-BB: shoes the new urban space at Sigynsgade

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Focus area 2

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Reflection

After conducting an in-depth site analysis, through walking, biking, taking photos, interviewing local residents around the streets of Nørrebro, working in GIS to produce various data and plans as well as inspirational concepts and projects started to form. When we did the registration of Nørrebro, it was clear that almost every m2 is built, or planned on being built. When we started looking on Nørrebro from above it became clear that Nørrebro looks surprisingly green from above. One thing was discovered: many of the green areas of Nørrebro is hidden inside the courtyards, like real well persevered gems.

Revealing the Green Hearts of Nørrebro, is a project about making the hidden treasures appear. Our project introduces the possibility of turning a relatively grey area become more green through out the green routes network and introducing the concept of courtyard pop-up activities to the citizens of Nørrebro. This strategy invites the citizens to explore their district and see different areas they otherwise never would. These routes serve as an alternative towards the greyish and busy streets. By connecting important spaces via the route network, a natural flow of people will appear.

The opening of courtyards for the public, opens up the possibility of experiencing the hidden green treasures of Nørrebro.

Sigynsgade – A new destination for nature, fun and play

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Networked Nørrebro Co-Creating Communal Amenities and Green Infrastructure

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Marianne Egeborg AlbĂ˜ge, Fangfei Chen, Nicholas Dyakowski, Nanna Merethe Jensen, Troels Emil Lyhne

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Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Introduction

Networked Nørrebro Co-Creating Communal Amenities and Green Infrastructure Our project operates at multiple scales: Streetscape, Canopyscape, and Parkscape. Working at the Streetscape, we propose the reprogramming of certain streets and squares as selected by a spatial analysis and evaluated through an app-based voting and comment system. This will also entail the installation of temporary street furniture designed and built by citizens in partnership with existing groups, eg. street planter boxes from recycled materials with guidance from TagTomat and the Snedkerskolen. In the long term, we envision a new MakersLab at MØllegade as additional community work space and nodal point in the metabolism of NØrrebro. Working at the Canopyscape, we propose to activate structurally appropriate roofs with green roof and brown roof conversions to improve habitat connectivity in the area, process rainwater locally, and give additional public green spaces. Working with MiljØpunkt NØrrebro for outreach, we hope to engage Social Housing Corporations and Housing Cooperatives to encourage a conversion to roof top solar panels for electricity. And finally, working at the Parkscape, we propose a series of small-scale interventions to provide better habitat opportunities in existing greens paces as well as the development of a new park in a derelict piece of land adjacent to the railway tracks at Bispebjerg Station.

As a large and varied urban area in the process of immense flux, NØrrebro is in need of improvements to its green infrastructure and communal amenities. We propose to engage citizens digitally in consultation to direct and evaluate interventions. We also propose to engage users in physically co-creating the city. An overall aim of our project is to enhance the urban metabolism of NØrrebro, better directing flows of people, materials, and energy across several scales.

Our end goal is a Networked NØrrebro marked by environmental and social resilience.

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Concept

MAKERS LAB

ADMINISTRATION

SNEDKERSKOLEN

RECYCLINGSTATION_HARALDSGADE

MAKERS LAB_SNEDKERSKOLEN

BYOASEN

BYHAVEN

TAGTOMAT MAKERS LAB_MØLLEGADE RECYCLINGSTATION_MØLLEGADE

ADMINISTRATION_OMRÅDEFORNYELSE NØRREBRO MILJØPUNKT NØRREBRO RECYCLINGSTATION_GARTNERGADE

Concept diagram: Channelling the Urban Metabolism of Nørrebro

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Analysis

Buildings

Flat roofs

Green roofs

Buildings with Structural Capacity for Vegetated Roofs

Buildings

Housing cooperatives

Collective Housing in Nørrebro

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Analysis

Legend Existing green space Existing squares Existing situation at Nørrebro

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Strategy

Legend Existing green space Habitat interventions Green roofs Education Administration Makers Lab Squares

Strategic plan - 2025

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Strategy

Legend Existing green space Habitat interventions Green roofs Education Administration Makers Lab Squares

Strategic plan - long term future

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Actors

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Actors

Our strategy for co-creation involves education and the empowerment of the citizens of Nørrebro who work in collaboration with professionals and government support.

Diagram illustrating our strategy for co-creation

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Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Focus area 1

Green Infrastructure acts as habitat and pathway for both animals and people.

Rendering: Dedicated Pedestrian and Bicycle Infrastructure

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Focus area 1

New park at Bispebjerg station with Surrounding Green Space Context

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Focus Area 1

A new park at Bispebjerg Station features urban forest stands, community amenities, pedestrian and bicycle access.

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Section: Diverse Uses and Nature Experiences at Park Addition

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Focus Area 2

Green Roof Functions: Stormwater Management, Solar Collection, Biodiversity, Recreation

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Focus Area 2

Green roofs provide additional (semi) public spaces for the wider network.

Rendering: Green Roof on Residential Building at Nørrebrogade

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Focus area 3

Storyboard illustrates Co-creation and Evaluation of Temporary Interventions

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Focus area 3

Interventions developed and evaluated by local citizens create better, more flexible urban spaces.

Section: Temporary Interventions as Implemented at Rantzausgade

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Focus Area 3

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Reflection

Working with such a large, diverse area it is difficult to anticipate how a strategy will evolve over time. Our approach has been to embrace this uncertainty and try to guide it through direct consultation with everyday users of the area. Our evolving strategies reflect what we believe to be plausible outcomes in the expansion of vegetated roofs and solar panels, increases to urban agriculture capacity, the installation of temporary street furniture, etc. Starting from a spatial analysis, we have sited our interventions accordingly but moving into the future we can only speculate on how many of them will develop.

As an exercise in strategic planning, it has been exciting to work with urban potentials.

Highlighting existing qualities in the area and identifying existing institutions as assets has helped direct our project to something that seems like a more achievable undertaking.

Temporary Installation at Jagtvej 69

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Local connections at Nørrebro Themed walking routes connecting existing green spaces

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Erica Bjerggaard, Jack-Henry Bresa, Luke Shaw, Morten Gøsta Svensson.

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Introduction

Local connections at Nørrebro Themed walking routs connecting existing green spaces The district of Nørrebro has been evaluated as the area of Copenhagen City that is most lacking in green space.

With the emphasis of a health benefits linked to the ‘greenification’, the future of Nørrbro serves as a template in bolstering resilience against rising pressures on future living standards. The new is has evolved to provide residents with a connected network of green walking routes that intertwine the city’s back streets and alleys.

The project seeks to connect the existing parks in a series of walking loops. The essence of a continual green route will be enforced by redeveloping existing streets to green streets. These streets should provide green corridors that link park to park.

Pedestrians en route can experience the transitions between a variety of landscape themes. The quality of the walks are further amplified by a feeling of immersion created by the encompassing vegetation. This green channel serves as a barrier to isolate the user from the bustling city.

Residents of Nørrebro enjoy many forms of activities in the open spaces. On a typical summers day space can be limited resource. As the northern industrial area later becomes developed there will be additional green spaces implemented. These will form the backbone for two more routes projected to be finalized by 2025.

Nørrebro already has a number of quality green spaces, yet their locations and relation to each other are void of affiliation.

Seeking to unite the parks by merging their qualities under one conceptual plan is the essence of this project. The aim is to engage citizens in more outdoor activities, thought has been given to the composition of the walk routes and the design principles address the existing qualities that will merge together into thematic zones.

En route within the proposed circuits pedestrians are able to experience the transitional between landscape themes comprised of; calm, active and social. Encouraging residents to develop a relationship .

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Concept

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Analysis

Analysis depicting the future storm cloud plan

GIS analysis showing areas furthest from existing green space (white)

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Analysis

Legend The route Cloudburst streets Roads (very heavy traffic) Roads (heavy traffic) Green area The lakes

Current situation showing the relation between main roads, existing green space and the cloud burst plan

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Strategy

Route 2

To Fælledparken

Route 1

In 2025 the first and second route are constructed together with the connections to the existing walking routes in Fælledparken and around Søerne.

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Strategy

Route 3

Route 2

To FĂŚlledparken

Route 1

The Lakes

The above diagram depicts the long-term strategy providing walking routes further north.

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Layers

Local character

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Layers

Our analysis concluded that we could draw upon the surrounding areas quality and character inn combination with existing parks and the combined analysis we develop a logical route for the most southern walking path.

Existing road structure

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Focus area 1

The model picture depicts the atmosphere at Nørrebro park skole

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Section A-AA

Plan illustrating how the route interacts with Nørrebro park skole.

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Focus area 1

A calming atmosphere is generated by the tree canopy and the variation in foliage colour, texture and smell.

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Focus area 1

Section A-AA: depicts the transition between the two zones near Nørebro park skole.

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Focus area 2

Section B-BB depicts the atmosphere at Guldbergs plads

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Focus area 2

Section B-BB

The landscape design at Guldbergs plads at Skodborggade

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Focus area 3

Section C-CC at Skodsborggade

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Focus area 3

Section C-CC

Plan: Skodborgsgade

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Focus area 3

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Reflection

The reality and implementation of our project falls greatly into the hands of the council and their opinions on the proposed closing of roads.

Furthermore the project states to embody the characteristics of calmness, social and activity.

These can be a difficult aspects to assume as being present in the design.

This is especially applicable in the theme of calm.

The feeling of calm can be seen as being in direct opposition to the actual atmosphere that one experiences in Nørrebro.

In areas where self-care of vegetable gardens is determined there is potential for problems to arise if residents fail on the maintenance. In this case the municipality should always assume the role as the main carer.

The above photo is a model photo at Skodborggade.

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Reclaiming Urban Space Re-thinking the streets of Nørrebro

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Frederik Bronée, Helene Bruun Sørensen, Nicolo Schlamp, Yixuan Zhang, Ines Žunić

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Introduction

Reclaiming Urban Space Re-thinking the streets of Nørrebro Nørrebro is already a buzzing popular area with a vibrant public life. Interviews and analysis show that people in Nørrebro have access to less urban space than neighbouring municipalities and when asked, the people express a need for more. The strategy is reclaiming urban space to provide a better framework for public life in Nørrebro.

More people will move to Nørrebro in the future and the area will remain a popular destination for leisure, cultural exchange and commerce. By staging the streets as new urban spaces we prepare Nørrebro for this development and create the district of the future. Nørrebro is already a densely build area with no previous tradition for landscaping and ecology.

Because of this, there is little to no available areas for new public space. Apprehending this, the streets have been chosen as the new potential for more public life in Nørrebro. These streets are also a big part of where life takes place in Nørrebro. The strategy aims to enhance this feeling and use.

Through an open ended process, existing streets in Nørrebro are converted into public spaces, usable by locals and visitors while simultaneously improving the connections throughout their neighbourhood. By removing the cars, space is freed for pedestrians and cyclists and allows for additional use like cafe furniture, active elements and urban nature. Areas adjacent to the closed streets benefit from the changes and become more alive and future potentials for extended use. The main functions of the areas are kept making it possible to go in and out of the area by car even though the routes change.

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Concept

Existing example of an appropriated urban space in Nørrebro

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Analysis

Nørrebro: 6,5 m2 per person

11,6 %

79 951 people

4 104 612,1 m²

Frederiksberg: 14 m2 per person 16,9 %

105 037 people

8 710 700,3 m²

16,33 %

74 402 people

Østerbro: 14.4 m2 per person

6 554 172,3 m²

Diagrams illustrating amount of green space per person in local municipalities

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Analysis

Legend green areas closed streets positively affected areas positively affected buildings lakes

Current situation analysis, 2018

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Strategy

Legend green areas closed streets positively affected areas positively affected buildings lakes connections Strategic plan, 2025

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Strategy

Focus Area 3 5 mins

5 mins

5 mins

5 mins

Legend green areas

Focus Area 2

closed streets positively affected areas

5 mins

positively affected buildings

Focus Area 1

lakes focus areas new metro stations 2019 proximity connections Future plan, 20xx

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Layers

Spatial experience of closed street network (focus area 1)

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Positively affected buildings along closed streets (focus area 1)

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Specific streets function as pathways throughout Nørrebro to create coherence and connect the new areas in a logical way. The streets are designed with the needs and functions of the specific area in mind and will make traversing Nørrebro easy and interesting.

Car routes through area with closed streets (focus area 1)

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Focus Area 1

The pedestrian zone features trees and planters. In created pockets there is room for cafe furniture.

Visualisation, Nørrebrogade. The added elements of the closed street relates to the surrounding functions

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Focus Area 1

Legend closed streets temporary furniture

Section A-AA

temporary street greenery permanent elements

Detailed plan, Nørrebrogade

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Focus Area 1

Nørrebrogade is closed for cars and redesigned with a wider pedestrian zone that continues down selected connecting side streets.

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Focus Area 1

NĂ˜RREBRO TEATER

Section A-AA: Nørrebrogadegade/Ravnsborggade. The pedestrian zone continues down the smaller sidestreets featuring different zones and furniture

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Focus Area 2

Visualisation, JĂŚgersborggade. The redesigned street has room for greenery, furniture and events

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Focus Area 2

The new space in the streets is designed with additions that complement existing shops and functions.

Detailed plan, JĂŚgersborggade

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Focus area 3

Section B-BB

Legend closed streets sports activities greenery permanent elements square

Detailed plan, Sigynsgade

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Focus area 3

The streets function as an extended garden or common area for the residents.

Community gardens, zones for barbecuing and sport courts are allowing for hang outs and activities.

Section B-BB: Sigynsgade. People interacting with the added furniture and different zones in the redesigned street

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Focus Area 3

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Reflection

The strategy “Reclaiming Urban Space” is based on a pragmatic approach to research and survey results and the detected problem of too little space in Nørrebro. Throughout the process the goal has been to create a better framework for the already existing urban life while trying to create a distinctive vibe in the streets of Nørrebro.

The strategy works as an initial project in the process of creating sustainable and environmentally friendly cities in the future.

It provides an accessible idea that can be implemented over time and work together with other aspects to create a broader and more complete strategy. A further development of the strategy could be combined with knowledge of climate change, bio- and social diversity and feature elements of stormwater management, biodiversity enhancers and guidelines for developments in its design and management.

The idea of closing streets for cars in the presented extend for 2025 might be wishful thinking, but the overall concept of creating awareness in the initial phase by closing off streets temporarily could work as an instigator for projects with a wider range in the future.

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Paradisebro Creating Green Urban Experiences

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Anna MargrĂŠt SigurdardĂłttir, Franziska Kolmer, Moyan Shi, Tore Kinch-Jensen

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Introduction

Paradisebro Creating Green Urban Experiences Nørrebro today is a busy and lively neighbourhood dominated by traffic, streets, and noise. It doesn’t appear to be a green district in the city of Copenhagen. But why does it have to be like this?

Can’t Nørrebro be the greenest neighbourhood of Copenhagen with plenty of space for people to use the streets not only for passing through. With Nørrebro already being the neighbourhood Copenhagen’s with the least cars per inhabitant and the most cycled streets of the world we see this as a chance to change the city by changing ourselves. We can already observe a change in society. People want to live healthier lives and reduce their ecological footprint. Why not think this idea in a radical way and change the way a whole city district works.

We want to support the needs of Nørrebro’s residents and therefore remove cars from Nørrebro and create more space for people and their main transportation, bikes. The public transport will run by the energy produced from the areas organic waste. Space, claimed by traffic and cars before, will now be claimed by people and vegetation. This new space will be used to improve quality of life and give people a different urban experience that supports a more sustainable urban life and creates a livable city. Our project will also give people the opportunity to do garden work by themselves. Growing and harvesting their own fruits helps people to feel closer to nature again as well as supply them with fresh fruit. The gardening is also an important part in making Nørrebro become self supplying and a working metabolism.

Our future vision for Nørrebro is to make it car free with focus on a green and a livable city for locals and visitors.

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Concept

Summer street with temporary furniture and greening

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Analysis

Nørrebrogade

Strøget

Connection from Nørrebrogade to Strøget in the city centre

79985 RESIDENTS IN NØRREBRO 127 / 1000

PEOPLE OWN A CAR

3 / 4 PEOPLE DON’T DO GARDENING

0 THINK GARDENING IS BORING Statistics taken from Københavns Kommune, Statistikbanken and surveys with 25 participants

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Strategy

Legend Green summer streets Flower fields Garage park City centre extension Green & urban areas Buildings Lake

Strategic Plan in year 2018

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Strategy

Legend Permanent green streets Green summer streets Flower fields Urban gardens Green roofs Garage park City centre extension Green & urban areas Buildings Lake

Strategic Plan in year 2025

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Strategy

Legend Permanent green streets Green summer streets Flower fields Urban gardens Green roofs Garage park City centre extension Green & urban areas New green space in the lake Buildings Lake

Strategic Plan in year 2050

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Layers

Summer streets City centre extension

Temporary green streets

Lake

Lake

Street Layer in 2018 - showing first summer streets

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Green Layer in 2018 - summer streets will be greened

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Layers

The first step is closing the streets for traffic during summer. The new ‘summer streets’ give people a different urban experience.

Greening the streets and introducing urban gardening supports a more sustainable urban life and creates a livable city.

Schools Flower fields Potential for urban gardens Lake

Gardening Layer in 2018 - showing future gardening spots

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Process

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Diagram 1: The first stage of introducing urban gardening into Nørrebro

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Diagram 2 & 3: The second stage of urban gardening and the third stage of urban gardening

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Focus area 1

“Urban Gardens create a sense of cohesion, a sense of investment in a neighbourhood, a sense of identity and belonging to a place.�

Melvin Delgado

Section A-AA: The urban gardens at Korsgade

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Focus area 1

Urban gardens Fruit tree

Green wall

Sitting area

Urban gardens Urban gardens Greenhouse

Fruit tree

Section A-AA

Green roof

Green roofs with urban gardens

Focus area 1: Urban Gardening at BlĂĽgĂĽrdsplads and Korsgade

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ss

SC O2

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N

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REC

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NTI

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Red

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BRI N SKI GING LLS BAC Inc K rea se pro per ty v alu ECO e

CAT

EDU

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Focus area 1

Benefits from urban gardening

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Focus area 2

“You see the life on the streets and in the parks, you see all kinds of people, and that is Nørrebro.”

Resident of Nørrebro

MARKET

Section B-BB: New garage park

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Focus area 2

Playground Green wall

Greenhouse Fruit tree

Sitting area Urban gardens

Urban gardens

Section B-BB

Focus area 2: Garage park with urban gardening, playground and a greenhouse at Baggasensgade

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Focus area 3

Section C-CC

Sitting area Urban gardens Green wall

Fruit tree

Nørrebrogade in 2050 as a permanently closed street with vegetation walls, street trees and urban gardening.

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Focus area 3

When planning cities for cars and traffic you end up getting traffic and noise but if you plan cities for people you create places.

Section C-CC: Nørrebrogade today and after closing it for car traffic in 2025

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Focus area 3

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Reflection

As stated in the introduction our future vision for Nørrebro is to make it car free with focus on a green and a livable city for locals and visitors.

We think that our main ideas, closing streets for traffic, greening those, and starting local food production help us to gain that goal. We are well aware that our proposal is a very drastic one and that its success depends very much on the participators and the locals themselves. But we also know that sometimes those drastic ideas are needed in order to change very common views and beliefs. Right now cities are very much about traffic and transportation, about networks and density. We don’t want to say that those beliefs are wrong, but shouldn’t there always be room for development and change?

In order to bring this project to reality we would need to talk to the authorities to help us get the process started. The first project would be planning the first summer streets in detail and setting them up in Summer 2018. To start our urban gardening idea we would contact already existing local communities to get information about community work in Nørrebro. Afterwards we would found our organisation “Made in Nørrebro”. It would be the organisations purpose to start the urban gardening idea in the first step, and guide its development in the second and third step together with the locals. We would need to figure out a rental system for the garden plots. Furthermore “Made in Nørrebro” should be the guiding contact if people want to start urban gardens on private properties such as the yards and rooftops.

If our idea comes through, it would change urban life in Nørrebro. Hopefully we would guide Nørrebro into being a sustainable and livable district.

Entrance at Dronning Louises Bro to the green neighbourhood ‘Paradisbro’

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High density Nørrebro Working with an already dense city district

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Camille Louise Bertrand, Kristian Mousten, Toby Mathew Adams, Yu Liu

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Introduction

High density Nørrebro Working with an already dense city district With 80.792 inhabitants, Nørrebro is the densest neighbourhood of Copenhagen. If Nørrebro could be counted as a city it would be the 5th largest of Denmark. At the same time it is unfortunately the least green area in Denmark. As populations will increase, density and bustle of the city will keep increasing leaving less and less space for urban nature. This means that we have to rethink urban design if we want the residents of Nørrebro to have contact with quality nature and at the same time keep the city/public life/structures active and prepare Nørrebro for the future.

Nature has proved to serve several beneficial effects on the human psyche and body, such as reduction of stress and crime, and increased cognitive performance and well-being. In relation to Nørrebro urban nature has the potential of dissolving issues with gangs, relieve stress of people caught within inner city life, create better work environments, improve the science districts identity, enhance the ecological value of industrial areas and so on.

Placing new functions on top of buildings will create a mixed city, which can stimulate social interaction between different people, leading to a better and more united community within Nørrebro. The space at ground level will be left to the existing users today and a new layer on top is created for both existing and potential residents of Nørrebro. Moreover, having public spaces up amongst the rooftops of the city will offer a new and exiting spatial experience as the low and even skyline of Copenhagen allows for a wide panorama view with no shade.

Adding elevated layers enables hybrid functions to be created and evolved. There are a number of different architectural, landscape, ecological, social and agricultural functions that could be combined in order to create a hybrid. These hybrid functions will together give a synergy effect, resulting in more than one use, user group and emotion with the space.

Hybrid solutions are not alien to Nørrebro and have already been implemented creating a long list of multifunctional public spaces, such as the green space on the roof of a sports hall at Korsgadehallen. The existing hybrids in Nørrebro are currently generally mainly located on ground in the inner part of Nørrebro. The outer areas of Nørrebro are more problematic with little public life and ghettos, why we have mainly focused on these areas.

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Concept

Nørrebro Today

Nørrebro 2025

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Nørrebro 2050

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Analysis

OSTERBRØ A AM

NO

ST

RR EB R

Ø

RØ GE

FRE RG BE

AM AG ER

S RIK

VE ST

DE VESTERBRØ

Neighbourhood size km2

Population per Ha 2025

Green space 1820

Green space 2017

Population per Ha 2017

Population per Ha 2050

Green space 1920

Coastline 1820

Buildings with pitched roofs

1 - 200 ppHa

401 - 600 ppHa

Buildings with flat roofs

201 - 400 ppHa

Density Hotspot

Areas that concern residents Successful areas to residents Roads not appreciated by residents

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Analysis

Legend Existing vertical hybrids Dull boring area, little green space Existing Science District Develop-able flat roofs Anti-social gang dominated area High-rise development boundary Develop-able semi-flat roofs Population density hotspots Strategic Development areas Nørrebro Today

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Strategy

Multifunctional mega structure

Science rooftop

Residential rooftop

Legend Flagship Development (Built by 2025) Primary development rooftops Secondary development rooftops Tertiary development rooftops Existing science district & new hybrid institution High-rise development boundary Nørrebro 2025

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Strategy

Industrial hybrid institutions

Residential semi-flat roofs developments

Residential semi-flat roofs developments

Legend Flagship Development (Built by 2025) Second phasing of developments (built by 2050) Potential development area (flat roofs) Potential development area (semi-flat roofs) Tertiary development rooftops located in tertiary development zone Existing science district High-rise development boundary Nørrebro 2050

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Layers

Urban nature - generously dispersed among the other layers.

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Public amenity - sport activities, farming, elevated walks, cafes etc.

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Layers

Urban nature and public amenities will be implemented according to local demand. New housing will mostly be located on top of the hybridised industrial buildings towards the northern part of Nørrebro.

Housing - mixed with various public functions.

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Focus area 1

Detailed plan

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Focus area 1

An example of extreme hybrid solutions that combines various functions with the aim of attracting public life to a problematic area.

Section 1:500

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Focus area 1

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Focus area 1

3D Section Illustrates new layers that make up the new hybrid landscape

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Focus area 2

Detailed plan

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Focus area 2

A rooftop hybrid that attracts public life into the science city and a expo of sustainable energy and urban farming.

Axonometric view

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Focus area 3

Detailed plan

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Focus area 3

Transforming the roof of a typical Copenhagen block creates access to space with sunlight and a view of the skyline.

Section

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Focus area 3

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Reflection

The density of our cities is only going to increase in the future as more and more people move to the city. You might say that Nørrebro should not get any denser, as it is already the most densely populated district in Denmark with the least amount of green space. However, the densification will most likely continue.

This project has been very interesting for us, as it offers tools for dealing with this development.

As landscape architects we are used to focusing on the ‘floor’ of the city – the life between the buildings – it has therefore been a challenge to work with a completely different environment, which offers challenges such as limited space, security, risk of invading privacy etc. But we also found some great qualities on the rooftop of Copenhagen – a space raised from the shadow of the building where you often have a vast panorama view.

Finding reference projects was not easy, since this is still a new way of thinking about urban design. However, more and more projects are being developed in these times, especially in cities that are far denser than Copenhagen. Most of the projects we found are a lot less extreme than what we are suggesting in our strategy, but in the future this will most likely change.

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Appendix

Surveys Surveys & & Interviews Interviews

Semi-Structured Interviews Method All All interviews interviews were were undertaken undertaken by by students students participating participating in in the the Urbanism Urbanism Studio Studio between Thursday 23rd & Tuesday 28th November 2017. between Thursday 23rd & Tuesday 28th November 2017.

Total Total Interviews: Interviews: 53 53

Urbanism Urbanism Studio Studio 2017/18 2017/18

256 256

Surveys & Interviews

Surveys Method All survey data was collected by students participating in the Urbanism Studio between Thursday 23rd & Tuesday 28th November 2017.

Total surveys: 318 Students were asked to explore how other people experience and use green places such as parks, shared court yards, cemeteries, urban gardens etc. Each team was asked to make a survey at one of three locations: Nørrebroparken, Jagtvej 69 and ByOasen. Groups worked in pairs or groups of three students and asked people at the specific locations to fill out a survey - each student was asked to make at least six surveys, each survey taking approximately five minutes to complete.

Nørrebroparken Jagtvej 69 ByOasen

257

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Survey Results

Phase 1 Group Survey Results 1 // Which green places at Nørrebro do you enjoy the most?

2 // How often have you visited the following green places at Nørrebro over the last 12 Months? every week

every month

few times

every month

few times

never

4 // Is it important to you to have green places near your home that offer the following experiences? very important

important

not important

5 // What do you like/don’t like about this green place, where we are now?

I like

I don’t like

Parks

Parks

Cemeteries

Parks

Cemeteries

Parks

Cemeteries

Cemeteries

Playgrounds

Playgrounds

Playgrounds

Playgrounds

Urban gardens

Urban gardens

Urban gardens

Urban gardens

Shared Courtyard

Shared Courtyard

Shared Courtyard

Shared Courtyard

Shared Courtyard

Private garden / balcony

Private garden / balcony

Private garden / balcony

Private garden / balcony

Left over green spaces

Left over green spaces

Left over green spaces

Left over green spaces

Other

Other

Other

Other

0

5

10

15

20

25

Parks

Cemeteries

Playgrounds

Urban gardens

Shared courtyard

Private garden / balcony

Left over green spaces

Other

Sports & play

Gardening

Meeting friends

Sitting quietly

0

5

10

15

20

25

5

0

10

15

20

25

Private garden / balcony Left over green spaces Other 5

0

10

15

20

Parks

Cemeteries

Playgrounds

Urban gardens

Parks

Cemeteries

Playgrounds

Urban gardens

Parks

Cemeteries

Playgrounds

Shared courtyard

Private garden / balcony

Left over green spaces

Other

Shared courtyard

Private garden / balcony

Left over green spaces

Other

Shared courtyard

Private garden / balcony

Left over green spaces

Sports & play

Gardening

Meeting friends

Sitting quietly

Sports & play

Gardening

Meeting friends

Sitting quietly

Sports & play

Gardening

Meeting friends

25

5

0

Urban gardens

10

15

20

25

Parks

Cemeteries

Playgrounds

Urban gardens

Shared courtyard

Private garden / balcony

Left over green spaces

Other

Sports & play

Gardening

Meeting friends

Sitting quietly

never

3 // Which of the following activities have you engaged in during the last 12 Months? every week

Parks Cemeteries Playgrounds Urban gardens

I don’t know

6-7 // Who do you think should manage and take care of the green places in the city?

Other (Walking with a baby)

Other (Walking)

Other (Walking)

Sitting quietly

Other (Walking)

Other

Large, old trees

Wild nature

Nice and tidy green places

Urban gardens

Large, old trees

Wild nature

Nice and tidy green places

Urban gardens

Large, old trees

Wild nature

Nice and tidy green places

Urban gardens

Large, old trees

Wild nature

Nice and tidy green places

Urban gardens

Large, old trees

Wild nature

Nice and tidy green places

Urban gardens

Varied green environments

Spatious / open green places

Quiet and peaceful

Lively

Varied green environments

Spatious / open green places

Quiet and peaceful

Lively

Varied green environments

Spatious / open green places

Quiet and peaceful

Lively

Varied green environments

Spacious / open green places

Quiet and peaceful

Lively

Varied green environments

Spacious / open green places

Quiet and peaceful

Lively

Water

Beautiful

Other

Water

Beautiful

Water

Beautiful

Other

Water

Beautiful

Water

Beautiful

Other

Vegetation & trees

Surfaces & materials

Sounds

Benches & other furniture

Vegetation & trees

Surfaces & materials

Sounds

Vegetation & trees

Surfaces & materials

Sounds

Benches & other furniture

Vegetation & trees

Surfaces & materials

Sounds

Benches & other furniture

Vegetation & trees

Surfaces & materials

Sounds

Benches & other furniture

People & Urban Life

Lighting

Traffic

Other

People & Urban Life

Lighting

Traffic

People & Urban Life

Lighting

Traffic

Other

People & Urban Life

Lighting

Traffic

Other Drugs & gangs

People & Urban Life

Lighting

Traffic

Other Drugs & gangs

Benches & other furniture

Municipality

Municipality

Municipality

Municipality

Municipality

Urban gardeners

Urban gardeners

Urban gardeners

Urban gardeners

Urban gardeners

Citizens

Citizens

Citizens

Citizens

Other

Other

Other

Other

0

5

10

15

20

25

0

5

10

15

20

25

0

5

10

15

20

25

Citizens

Other

0

5

10

15

20

25

0

5

10

15

20

25

8-9 // Do you do garden work? If yes, how often yes

no

every week

Do you do garden work?

every month

few times a year

If yes, how often?

10 // How does garden work make you feel?

If yes, how often?

Do you do garden work?

If yes, how often?

Do you do garden work?

If yes, how often?

Do you do garden work?

It makes me feel closer to nature

It makes me feel closer to nature

It makes me feel closer to nature

It makes me feel closer to nature

If yes, how often?

It makes me feel closer to nature

I don’t enjoy garden work of any kind

I don’t enjoy garden work of any kind

I don’t enjoy garden work of any kind

I don’t enjoy garden work of any kind

I don’t enjoy garden work of any kind

It feels good when I get my hands dirty

It feels good when I get my hands dirty

It feels good when I get my hands dirty

It feels good when I get my hands dirty

It feels good when I get my hands dirty

It stimulates my senses, which I enjoy

It stimulates my senses, which I enjoy

It stimulates my senses, which I enjoy

It stimulates my senses, which I enjoy

It stimulates my senses, which I enjoy

I think garden work is boring and pointless

I think garden work is boring and pointless

It feels good to learn new skills about garden work

I think garden work is boring and pointless

It feels good to learn new skills about garden work

I think garden work is boring and pointless

It feels good to learn new skills about garden work

I think garden work is boring and pointless

It feels good to learn new skills about garden work

It feels good to learn new skills about garden work

It gets me in a good mood

It gets me in a good mood

It gets me in a good mood

It gets me in a good mood

It gets me in a good mood

I forget about time and place when I do garden work

I forget about time and place when I do garden work

I forget about time and place when I do garden work

I forget about time and place when I do garden work

I forget about time and place when I do garden work

I only do garden work when I have to

I only do garden work when I have to

I only do garden work when I have to

I only do garden work when I have to

I only do garden work when I have to

I enjoy to see other people do garden work, but don’t enjoy doing garden work myself

I enjoy to see other people do garden work, but don’t enjoy doing garden work myself

I enjoy to see other people do garden work, but don’t enjoy doing garden work myself

I enjoy to see other people do garden work, but don’t enjoy doing garden work myself

I enjoy to see other people do garden work, but don’t enjoy doing garden work myself

5

Group 1

Urbanism Studio 2017/18

Do you do garden work?

less than once a year

10

15

20

25

0

5

10

Group 2

258

15

20

25

0

5

10

Group 3

15

20

25

5

10

Group 4

15

20

25

0

5

10

Group 5

15

20

25

Survey Results

Parks

Parks

Cemeteries

Parks

Cemeteries

Parks

Cemeteries

Parks

Cemeteries

Parks

Cemeteries

Parks

Cemeteries

Cemeteries

Playgrounds

Playgrounds

Playgrounds

Playgrounds

Playgrounds

Playgrounds

Playgrounds

Urban gardens

Urban gardens

Urban gardens

Urban gardens

Urban gardens

Urban gardens

Urban gardens

Shared Courtyard

Shared Courtyard

Shared Courtyard

Shared Courtyard

Shared Courtyard

Shared Courtyard

Shared Courtyard

Private garden / balcony

Private garden / balcony

Private garden / balcony

Private garden / balcony

Private garden / balcony

Private garden / balcony

Left over green spaces

Left over green spaces

Left over green spaces

Left over green spaces

Left over green spaces

Left over green spaces

Other

Other

Other

Other

Other

Other

0

5

10

20

30

40

5

0

50

10

15

20

Parks

Cemeteries

Playgrounds

Urban gardens

Parks

Cemeteries

Playgrounds

Shared courtyard

Private garden / balcony

Left over green spaces

Other

Shared courtyard

Private garden / balcony

Left over green spaces

Sports & play

Gardening

Meeting friends

Sitting quietly

Sports & play

Gardening

Meeting friends

Other

25

5

0

Urban gardens

Sitting quietly

Other

10

15

20

25

5

0

10

15

20

25

5

0

10

15

20

25

Private garden / balcony Left over green spaces Other 5

0

10

15

20

25

5

0

10

15

20

25

Parks

Cemeteries

Playgrounds

Urban gardens

Parks

Cemeteries

Playgrounds

Urban gardens

Parks

Cemeteries

Playgrounds

Urban gardens

Parks

Cemeteries

Playgrounds

Urban gardens

Parks

Cemeteries

Playgrounds

Urban gardens

Shared courtyard

Private garden / balcony

Left over green spaces

Other

Shared courtyard

Private garden / balcony

Left over green spaces

Other

Shared courtyard

Private garden / balcony

Left over green spaces

Other

Shared courtyard

Private garden / balcony

Left over green spaces

Other

Shared courtyard

Private garden / balcony

Left over green spaces

Other

Sports & play

Gardening

Meeting friends

Sitting quietly

Sports & play

Gardening

Meeting friends

Sitting quietly

Sports & play

Gardening

Meeting friends

Sitting quietly

Sports & play

Gardening

Meeting friends

Sitting quietly

Sports & play

Gardening

Meeting friends

Sitting quietly

Other

Other

Other

Other

Other (dog walking)

Large, old trees

Wild nature

Nice and tidy green places

Urban gardens

Large, old trees

Wild nature

Nice and tidy green places

Urban gardens

Large, old trees

Wild nature

Nice and tidy green places

Urban gardens

Large, old trees

Wild nature

Nice and tidy green places

Urban gardens

Large, old trees

Wild nature

Nice and tidy green places

Urban gardens

Large, old trees

Wild nature

Nice and tidy green places

Urban gardens

Large, old trees

Wild nature

Nice and tidy green places

Urban gardens

Varied green environments

Spacious / open green places

Quiet and peaceful

Lively

Varied green environments

Spacious / open green places

Quiet and peaceful

Lively

Varied green environments

Spacious / open green places

Quiet and peaceful

Lively

Varied green environments

Spacious / open green places

Quiet and peaceful

Lively

Varied green environments

Spacious / open green places

Quiet and peaceful

Lively

Varied green environments

Spacious / open green places

Quiet and peaceful

Lively

Varied green environments

Spacious / open green places

Quiet and peaceful

Lively

Water

Beautiful

Other

Water

Beautiful

Other

Water

Beautiful

Other

Water

Beautiful

Other

Water

Beautiful

Other

Water

Beautiful

Other

Water

Beautiful

Other

Vegetation & trees

Surfaces & materials

Sounds

Benches & other furniture

Vegetation & trees

Surfaces & materials

Sounds

Benches & other furniture

Vegetation & trees

Surfaces & materials

Sounds

Benches & other furniture

Vegetation & trees

Surfaces & materials

Sounds

Benches & other furniture

Vegetation & trees

Surfaces & materials

Sounds

Benches & other furniture

Vegetation & trees

Surfaces & materials

Sounds

Benches & other furniture

Vegetation & trees

Surfaces & materials

Sounds

Benches & other furniture

People & Urban Life

Lighting

Traffic

Other Drugs & gangs

People & Urban Life

Lighting

Traffic

Other Drugs & gangs

People & Urban Life

Lighting

Traffic

Other Drugs & gangs

People & Urban Life

Lighting

Traffic

Other

People & Urban Life

Lighting

Traffic

Other

People & Urban Life

Lighting

Traffic

Other (animals)

People & Urban Life

Lighting

Traffic

Other (animals)

Municipality

Municipality

Municipality

Municipality

Municipality

Municipality

Municipality

Urban gardeners

Urban gardeners

Urban gardeners

Urban gardeners

Urban gardeners

Urban gardeners

Urban gardeners

Citizens

Citizens

Citizens

Citizens

Citizens

Citizens

Other

Other

Other

Other

Other

Other

0

5

10

20

30

Do you do garden work?

40

0

50

If yes, how often?

5

10

15

Do you do garden work?

It makes me feel closer to nature

20

25

0

If yes, how often?

5

10

15

Do you do garden work?

It makes me feel closer to nature

20

25

0

If yes, how often?

5

10

15

Do you do garden work?

It makes me feel closer to nature

20

25

0

If yes, how often?

5

10

15

20

Do you do garden work?

It makes me feel closer to nature

25

Citizens

Other

0

If yes, how often?

5

10

15

Do you do garden work?

It makes me feel closer to nature

20

25

0

If yes, how often?

5

It makes me feel closer to nature

I don’t enjoy garden work of any kind

I don’t enjoy garden work of any kind

I don’t enjoy garden work of any kind

I don’t enjoy garden work of any kind

I don’t enjoy garden work of any kind

I don’t enjoy garden work of any kind

It feels good when I get my hands dirty

It feels good when I get my hands dirty

It feels good when I get my hands dirty

It feels good when I get my hands dirty

It feels good when I get my hands dirty

It feels good when I get my hands dirty

It stimulates my senses, which I enjoy

It stimulates my senses, which I enjoy

It stimulates my senses, which I enjoy

It stimulates my senses, which I enjoy

It stimulates my senses, which I enjoy

It stimulates my senses, which I enjoy

It stimulates my senses, which I enjoy

I think garden work is boring and pointless

I think garden work is boring and pointless

It feels good to learn new skills about garden work

I think garden work is boring and pointless

It feels good to learn new skills about garden work

I think garden work is boring and pointless

It feels good to learn new skills about garden work

I think garden work is boring and pointless

It feels good to learn new skills about garden work

It gets me in a good mood

It gets me in a good mood

It gets me in a good mood

It gets me in a good mood

It gets me in a good mood

I forget about time and place when I do garden work

I forget about time and place when I do garden work

I forget about time and place when I do garden work

I forget about time and place when I do garden work

I forget about time and place when I do garden work

I only do garden work when I have to

I only do garden work when I have to

I only do garden work when I have to

I only do garden work when I have to

I only do garden work when I have to

I only do garden work when I have to

I enjoy to see other people do garden work, but don’t enjoy doing garden work myself

I enjoy to see other people do garden work, but don’t enjoy doing garden work myself

I enjoy to see other people do garden work, but don’t enjoy doing garden work myself

I enjoy to see other people do garden work, but don’t enjoy doing garden work myself

I enjoy to see other people do garden work, but don’t enjoy doing garden work myself

I enjoy to see other people do garden work, but don’t enjoy doing garden work myself

Group 6

20

30

40

50

0

5

Group 7

10

15

20

25

0

5

Group 8

10

15

20

25

0

5

Group 9

259

10

15

20

25

0

5

Group 10

10

15

20

25

If yes, how often?

It feels good to learn new skills about garden work

It gets me in a good mood I forget about time and place when I do garden work

I only do garden work when I have to I enjoy to see other people do garden work, but don’t enjoy doing garden work myself

10

25

I think garden work is boring and pointless

It feels good to learn new skills about garden work

It gets me in a good mood I forget about time and place when I do garden work

0

20

It makes me feel closer to nature

I don’t enjoy garden work of any kind

I think garden work is boring and pointless

15

Do you do garden work?

It feels good when I get my hands dirty

It feels good to learn new skills about garden work

10

0

5

Group 11

10

15

20

25

0

5

10

15

20

25

Group 12

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Average Survey Results

1 // Which green places at Nørrebro do you enjoy the most?

Parks

19.6

Cemeteries

15.8

Playgrounds

7.7

Urban gardens

9.8

Shared Courtyard

8.3

Private garden / balcony

8.1

Left over green spaces

3.8

Other

0.8 0

Urbanism Studio 2017/18

260

5

10

15

20

Average Survey Results

2 // How often have you visited the following green places at Nørrebro over the last 12 Months?

Parks: Every week Every month A few times Never

14.3 5.3 4.1 0.7

Private garden/balcony: 7.2 Every week 1.8 Every month 4.2 A few times 9.0 Never

Cemeteries: Every week Every month A few times Never

8.8 6.2 5.6 3.0

Left over green spaces: Every week 2.9 Every month 2.8 A few times 4.5 Never 9.8

Playgrounds: Every week Every month A few times Never

6.3 2.9 5.6 8.4

Other: Every week Every month A few times Never

Urban gardens: Every week Every month A few times Never

5.0 3.8 6.8 8.4

Shared court yard: Every week Every month A few times Never

7.9 3.2 4.7 6.3

0.4 0.6 0.4 1.7

Every week Every month A few times Never

261

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Average Survey Results

3 // Which of the following activities have you engaged in during the last 12 Months?

Sports & play Every week Every month A few times Never

7.6 4.2 4.9 7.3

Sitting quietly Every week Every month A few times Never

8.3 6.0 5.7 4.3

Gardening Every week Every month A few times Never

2.7 2.5 5.0 12.9

Other Every week Every month A few times Never

2.4 0.3 0.1 1.5

Meeting Friends Every week Every month A few times Never

12.3 7.6 4.2 1.1

Urbanism Studio 2017/18

Every week Every month A few times Never

262

Average Survey Results

4 // Is it important to you to have green places near your home that offer the following experiences?

Large, old tree: Very important Important Not important

15.1 8.6 1.5

Spacious/open green places: Very important 10.8 Important 9.6 Not important 4.2

Wild nature: Very important Important Not important

11.1 8.6 5.3

Quiet and peaceful: Very important Important Not important

12.3 9.3 3.4

Nice and tidy green places: Very important 9.9 Important 7.6 Not important 7.3

Lively Very important Important Not important

10.3 10.3 3.9

Urban gardens: Very important Important Not important

7.4 11.0 6.5

Beautiful: Very important Important Not important

13.6 9.4 1.8

Water: Very important Important Not important

10.8 8.9 4.9

Other: Very important Important Not important

0.8 0.0 1.7

Varied green environments: Very important 13.5 8.4 Important 2.6 Not important

Very important Important Not important

263

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Average Survey Results

5 // What do you like/don’t like about this green place, where we are now?

Vegetation and trees: I like 18.3 I don’t like 4.6 I don’t know 1.9

Lighting: I like I don’t like I don’t know

10.4 6.8 7.0

Surfaces and materials I like 10.8 I don’t like 7.8 I don’t know 5.8

Traffic I like I don’t like I don’t know

8.3 12.1 4.3

Sounds: I like I don’t like I don’t know

Other: I like I don’t like I don’t know

1.3 0.4 1.7

12.0 6.3 5.9

Benches and other furniture: I like 14.3 I don’t like 6.2 I don’t know 3.8

I like I don’t like I don’t know

People and urban life: I like 19.8 I don’t like 2.6 I don’t know 2.7

Urbanism Studio 2017/18

264

Average Survey Results

6-7 // Who do you think should manage and take care of the green places in the city?

Municipality

20.2

Urban gardeners

10

Citizens

12

Other

1 0

5

10

265

15

20

25

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use

Average Survey Results

8-9 // Do you do garden work? If yes, how often

Do you do garden work?

yes no

Urbanism Studio 2017/18

If yes, how often?

12.4 12.7

every week every month few times a year less than once a year

266

4.0 3.1 5.1 1.1

Average Survey Results

10 // How does garden work make you feel?

It makes me feel closer to nature

12.3

I don’t enjoy garden work of any kind

2.3

It feels good when I get my hands dirty

9.2

It stimulates my senses, which I enjoy

9.2

I think garden work is boring and pointless

0.8

It feels good to learn new skills about garden work

9.1

It gets me in a good mood

12.3

I forget about time and place when I do garden work

6.8

I only do garden work when I have to

3.5

I enjoy to see other people do garden work

2.6

Other

0.8 0

267

3

6

9

12

16

Cultivating the City: Urban Nature, Experience & Use