IB PORTFOLIO by Anurag Nayal

INTELLIGENT BUILDING PORTFOLIO

ANURAG NAYAL 2018-23 08318001618

ASSIGNMENT-1

CAPITAL TOWER SINGAPORE (CASE STUDY)

CAPITAL TOWER INTRODUCTION • Capital Tower is a 52-storey, 254 m skyscraper completed in year 2000 which makes it the fourth-largest building in Singapore • It is located in the Shenton Way- Tanjong Pagar financial district of Singapore, at Robinson Road next to Tanjong Pagar MRT station. • Ownership of the building was transferred to CapitaLand, and

became the company's flagship building and was then named after the company. • It features a landscaped urban plaza and a suite of business facilities such as auditorium and meeting room facilities. It also features the following amenities: a panoramic view of the Singapore skyline, a fitness center, pool, childcare, and several dining options.. • This 52-story office building won the Green Mark Platinum Award for its construction design, and for its energy and water efficiency in 2017 • Won the BCA green mark pearl award

• It was built with a host of smart features introduced to improve occupant experience. It also boasts impressive green credentials, with technology designed to make it more energy efficient, sustainable and eco- friendly.

SINGAPORE

WHYITISCALLEDANINTELLIGENTBUILDING? •Capital Tower is home to several intelligent energy efficiency systems, inclusive of an energy recovery wheel system in its air- conditioning unit; allowing cool air to be recovered to maintain the chillers’ efficiency. •Not only this, but Capital Tower is fitted with motion detectors within the lift lobby and toilets to conserve energy, while the utilization of double-glazed windows reduces the heat penetration to minimize energy consumption. •To create a reduction in water usage, the building utilizes condensation from the air handling unit, while specific devices monitor the carbon • dioxide and carbon monoxide, ensuring optimal air quality and distribution. •This building is an exceptional example of intelligent workplaces, which are designed to reduce their carbon footprint by addressing •sustainable solutions for the impact of employee working habits and needs, and the natural climate.

•The Australian climate, although not as humid as Singapore, is exceptionally hot within the summer months. Utilizing the concept of double• glazed.

COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS 1.) Motion detectors in the lift lobby and toilets measure room occupancy to ensure energy is only used when people are in the room 2.) Low emissivity double-glazed glass windows reduce heat penetration and minimize energy consumption 3.) The building uses condensation from the air handling unit to reduce water usage 4.) Devices to monitor carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide are installed in the car park and office spaces to ensure optimal air quality throughout the building 5.) The car park guidance system monitors parking spaces in real time, and displays availability to drivers, as well as directing them to empty spaces 6.) Smart elevators with dual LCE panels placed to display live news and stock market updates.

HOW DOES IT WORK? • The Capital Tower has many smart energy systems which include: an air-conditioning energy recovery wheel system which allows cool air to be retrieved. Integral part of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC). They are a form of energy recovery ventilators (ERVs), and can passively transfer heat (sensible) energy, moisture (latent) energy, or both, between the incurrent and recurrent air into and out of a building. •motion detectors installed in the lobby office spaces and all bathrooms to conserve energy. Capital Tower is fitted with motion detectors within the lift lobby and toilets to conserve energy, while the utilization of double-glazed windows reduces the heat penetration to minimize energy consumption.

•The use of condensation from the air-handling unit to reduce water usage, and constant monitoring for carbon monoxide to ensure optimal air quality. •The building control and assure efficiency, energy, comfort, access, and monitoring for the businesses that inhabit them. •Double-glazed windows that reduce heat penetration and reduce energy consumption. •This building is an exceptional example of intelligent workplaces, which are designed to reduce their carbon footprint by addressing sustainable solutions for the impact of employee working habits, needs and natural climate.

Some other smart features which are used in the building are IoT, raised floors and building automation which nearly controls every thing such as HVAC, lighting, shading, security even user centric function like finding way and conference room scheduling. IoT( internet of Things) “network of physical objects” that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet. Advantages of IoT it has the ability to provide sensor information as well as enable deviceto-device communication is driving a broad set of applications. The following are some of the most popular applications and what they do. Raised floors

• Also referred to as raised access computer floor, access floor, false floor, elevated floor or raised flooring, a raised floor offers an elevated structural floor over a solid substrate. • It is beneficial in developing a hidden void so that the electrical and mechanical services can pass easily. • It bring a change in the thermal behavior of the building by reducing the interaction, present between the thermally massive concrete slab and the heat gains. The raised floor is known to act as the separation area between the slab and the room.

GREEN FEATURES • Optimizing energy efficiency throughout the building, Capital Tower incorporates an energy recovery wheel system in its air-conditioning system which allows for the recovery of cool air, to maintain the chillers’ efficiency. • Additionally, motion detectors are installed at the lift lobby and toilets to conserve energy, while double-glazed glass windows serve to reduce heat penetration and minimize energy consumption.

STRUCTURE • The superstructure is a steel framed building with composite floor system using metal sheeting. The metal sheeting serves dual purposes as bottom reinforcement and permanent formworks during construction. Additional steel reinforcements are provided to comply with the fire resistance requirement.

• The composite beam and truss system as primary members acting together with the secondary composite beam member yield the most economical solution. The perimeter frameworks are designed as continuous frames with steel • concrete composite beams rigidly connected to the in-filled circular columns to enhance the framing action. Other composite beams within the building are designed as simply supported beams between the steel columns and core wall.

ASSIGNMENT-2

SECURITY & SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS

1. Introduction: What is a security system? The most basic definition of any security system is found in its name. It is literally a means or method by which something is secured through a system of interworking components and devices. In this instance, we’re talking about home security systems, which are networks of integrated electronic devices working together with a central control panel to protect against burglars and other potential home intruders. typical home security system includes: A control panel, which is the primary controller of a home’s security system Door and window sensors Motion sensors, both interior and exterior Wired or wireless security cameras A high-decibel siren or alarm A yard sign and window stickers

SECURITY & SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS

Building security systems realize convenience and peace of mind through sensing, connectivity, and user interface technologies. In the context of building automation, security systems are composed of two constituent elements. The first is a monitoring system that oversees what is going on in and around the building by means of cameras and sensors of various types. The second is a crime prevention systems that perform ingress and egress management and control based on the information from the monitoring systems

Management of risks related to security system Intelligent buildings are potentially mission-critical environments. As such the risks associated with people, systems and operations need to be appropriately managed and mitigated

What risks are associated with intelligent buildings? The introduction of a converged infrastructure and integration of building and business systems potentially creates a range of new risks associated with aspects of the personnel, technology and operations. The human elements of the building operations are potentially the greatest risk. Whether deliberately or accidentally, individuals may seek to bypass security controls or incorrectly operate systems. The integration of systems can magnify the impact of errors or omissions. Systems integration will bring together IT and facilities management teams who may have different priorities, cultures and reporting chains. All of these can inhibit an effective response to incidents or faults. From a technology perspective, integration may introduce new failure modes, where building systems can interfere with business systems and vice versa.

The key risks to securing intelligent buildings can be assigned to three broad categories

The people risks will arise from four constituencies: the designers – who need to be aware of, and have mitigated the potential consequences of, actions by third parties, whether they are support contractors with legitimate remote access to systems, or unconnected parties with a malicious or hostile intent. the building owners – who need to consider what degree of systems integration is required and/or desirable during the specification, design, construction and commissioning of the building the building operators – the daily tasks and responsibilities of the intelligent building facilities manager and technicians need to be clearly defined, and include a clear understanding of the complexity of integrated systems the building occupants and visitors – who may need to be informed about the correct and safe operation of building systems.

2. 3. Communication Networks of Security Systems Via the network, the large Volumes of data making up the security logs, operation logs, and entrance and exit logs from the monitoring and crime prevention systems are tracked on security monitoring PCs and stored and managed on secure data servers. This information may also be linked via a network to other building automation systems (air conditioning systems, lighting systems, etc.) to enable more efficient building security management.

Controlling smart buildings ELEMENTS OF SECURITY SYSTEMS 1.Monitoring Systems Monitoring systems may include motion sensors for ingress monitoring and fire detectors, carbon monoxide detectors, and the like to monitor for emergencies within the building. The monitored information is sent via the network to a supervisor in the form of emergency signals and images. This information can also be stored and managed on a secure data server if needed. 2. Crime Prevention Systems Crime prevention systems may incorporate sensors such as door openclose detectors and glass break detectors to detect emergencies as well as ingress and egress management functions to enforce entrance and exit regulations and keep logs of those entering and leaving. They control the entrance and exit of persons to and from the building in conjunction with the information from the monitoring systems.

How does a security system work? Home security systems work on the simple concept of securing entry points into a home with sensors that communicate with a control panel or command center installed in a convenient location somewhere in the home. The sensors are typically placed in doors that lead to and from a house as well as easily accessible windows, particularly any that open, especially those at ground level. Open spaces inside of homes can be secured with motion sensors.

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3. Control Panel: The control panel is the computer that arms and disarms the security systems, communicates with each installed component, sounds the alarm when a security zone is breached, and communicates with an alarm monitoring company. Door and Window Sensors: Door and window sensors are comprised of two parts installed adjacent to each other. One part of the device is installed on the door or window and the other on the door frame or window sill. When a door or window is closed, the two parts of the sensor are joined together, creating a security circuit. Motion Sensors: These security components, when armed, protect a given space by creating an invisible zone that cannot be breached without sounding an alarm. These are typically used to protect rooms containing valuables, as well as areas less frequented in larger homes. Surveillance Cameras: Available in both wired and wireless configurations, surveillance cameras can be used in several different ways as part of an overall security system.

Is cyber security an issue? • From a security perspective the key issues are protecting the security and privacy of a building’s owners and users, maintaining the integrity of the building and operations within it, and ensuring the continuing availability of the accommodation for its owners and users. • The security and privacy of the building’s occupants and owners may be compromised when the convergence of the technical infrastructures and integration of systems creates unplanned or unauthorized pathways, allowing unauthorized access to systems or data loss. For example, unauthorized access to the building access control and room-booking systems may reveal personal data

• The integrity of the building may be compromised if third parties gain access to or control of critical building systems. If a third party were able to disable or take control of building systems it might no longer be safe to continue to occupy the building. This could be due to physical damage (e.g. fire or flooding) or due to threats to the health and lives of occupants. Disabling security and access control could put lives at risk and necessitate personnel being redeployed to implement manual checks in place of the automated systems. • The availability of the building may be seriously affected when building systems are disrupted, thus preventing the building from delivering the required functionality. The nature of the availability risk will depend on the type of building and the criticality of the affected building service.

ROLE OF BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS(BMS) /AUTOMATION SYSTEM (BAS) IN SECURITY SYSTEMS Artificial Intelligence in security systems aims to bring human intellect into the technology governing security systems. With AI, technology would not just mimic human behavior but rather actively capitalize on its own assimilation of human intellect in order to improve how a system operates. Many consider cyber security to be one of the areas to benefit from the advent of artificial intelligence. here is no doubt that AI can improve our own human capabilities, especially when it comes to tech. For example, AI in video analytics means that a machine can detect what are considered normal behaviors and as a result identify abnormal behaviors, in real-time, allowing crime to be stopped in action.

Building management system has three major components: •Automation Engine - connect, monitor and control security systems •Video Engine - video systems with access control and intrusion alarm systems •Access Engine and Security Engine - combined to create a high performance.

1. BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - Video Engine •Integration of video systems with access control and intrusion alarm systems

2. BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - Access Engine

4. Common Building Security Mistakes to be Avoided •Failing to Enforce ID Requirements •Not Securing All Entry Points •Focusing on Looks and Not Security •Installing Security Systems That You Do Not Understand •Failing to Secure Important Rooms •Installing Too Much Security

CONCLUSION • The drivers for intelligent buildings and thus systems integration typically arise from the need for new energy efficient interventions, real-time decision support systems, enhanced building and personnel security and better management information dashboards that offer easy access to key performance indicators.

3.BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM – Access Control

Access control restricts how and when people enter and exit an area. It can be done by many methods. 1) Finger Print Lock 2) Voice and Video Intercom 3) Code Based Access System – alarm 4)Swipe Card Access System 5)Biometric Access System 6)Surveillance through CCTVs

• The development of intelligent buildings introduces new and novel risks into the built environment, some arising from the integration of traditionally separate systems, others as a result of the increasing risk of cyber-attacks on any IT-based system. • Intelligent buildings are a relatively new and evolving area, so there is a need for building owners and occupiers to ensure that the novel risks are fully understood and addressed throughout the building lifecycle.

Case study- security system design 1. Services and roles Security systems shall organise and lead meetings as necessary and at appropriate times during the project design phases, to determine responsible parties for different aspects of network design, to track and update progress.

2. Enclosure and access provision

Based on critical function of these spaces ,a secure envelope of physical construction is needed to restrict the potential of unauthorised access for any space Room access doors should be hinged to open out whenever possible

3. Perimeter & facility entry/ exit points A double- line fence with the inner fence having a perimeter intrusion detection system (PIDS) for detection of attempted escape is required for the entire perimeter of level- 3, level-4, and level-5 facilities. Level -5 housing contained within a facility having a level-3 or level- 4 perimeter need not have detection on its interior separation barrier if the facility perimeter meets these requirements.

4.Enclosure and access provision

• The secure envelope of a space is often necessary to prevent unauthorized access to areas where Security System equipment is housed. This should include the walls, ceiling, and floor openings. • Room access doors should be secured to open out from the outside. In cases where access is not possible, the doors should be carefully placed to provide access to areas that are not regularly accessible to the public. • All doors in the Security Electronics Room should be monitored for security and should be fitted with locks and frames. It is common for staff members to have restricted access to these areas • A separate building or facilities may be constructed to house the main security equipment room and the main information distribution facility.

System control and management • The perimeter intrusion detection system should have its own alarm and system management PC, which should have a GUI containing a 2D or 3D representation of the facility and the perimeter zones, which should be identified and indicate status. • The system should maintain a time stamped electronic log of events, including each alarm, alarm acknowledgement, alarm and zone reset, zone bypass system trouble etc. Alarm annunciation • Detection should be zoned such that the location of any perimeter breach attempt can be identified. Alarm should annunciate visually on the system management pc screen and flashing red zone indication on the map and audibly with a tone. • The system should be integrated with the security video system such that detection zones are associated with cameras which provide a view of the entire – in alarm zone

Security video system Design parameters for security video systems: • the facility staff should perform , during facility design, a risk assessment to determine the interior and exterior areas requiring video surveillance, and the degree of acuity required in each area • the required coverage should be achieved using fixed cameras

For Perimeter Surveillance and PID Alarm Association • Level-3, 4 and 5 facilities should have video surveillance of the perimeter, organized so that coverage • Coincides to the detection zones. • Use of pan-tilt-zoom cameras for this coverage should be avoided due to the requirement for coverage • Of multiple adjacent perimeter zones simultaneously.

• For Movement Control

Every controlled door/gate in facilities of all custody levels should have cameras of a type and at a: • Location on both sides of the opening to provide for positive facial identification of persons requesting • Movement. (Doors/gates which may have direct line-of-sight from the Control Point are generally not • Exempt from this requirement, unless it can be predicted with great certainty that control will never be • Transferred to another remote Control Point.) • Programming of the Human-Machine Interface (HMI) or PLC associates the cameras with the door/gate • Controls for automated call-up display.

Security System Networks For surveillance • Surveillance requirements for areas within the project scope should be determined by the owner’s facility staff following a comprehensive risk analysis exercise. General guidelines include: • Interior or exterior areas where offenders congregate ,move and work or program in groups of two or more, are likely to require comprehensive fixed surveillance camera coverage. • Areas where offenders recreate eat and visit is likely to require supplemental pan tilt zoom camera coverage. • Special purpose cells may require coverage. Cameras • Locate cameras: • With consideration for sources of glare or extreme of light level. • Out of the reach of offenders, or if unavoidable, in suitable housings.

• to create open architecture environments that are supportable and Maintainable, the Security System Designer should employ native IP-based transport networks whenever possible. These networks may be standalone in nature, or integrated into larger infrastructures. • The Security System Designer: should coordinate with DOC HQ/IT staff to identify those configurations and should be responsible for integrating those requirements into the design documents.

Site Security Design Case Study Site Security Assessment Plan

Site planning oriented security design.

SECURITY AND SITE DESIGN

FEDERAL COMPLEX-SECOND STREET -HIGHWAY 101 CALIFORNIA

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INTRODUCTION • This federal complex comprises six buildings, with a similar architectural style, built during the same decade. There are three multistory office buildings, two support buildings, one storage building, and multiple surface parking areas. • A chain link fence encloses the entire complex. Both of the support buildings are redundant for the campus, and the storage building is underutilized. • There are no exterior public spaces programmed for building tenants to eat, sit, or participate in other outdoor activities. • There are multiple vehicular entries and large areas of poorly lit surface parking throughout the site, making it difficult for guards to monitor both vehicles and pedestrians.

Existing Conditions / Site Context Plan TEST CASE ASSUMPTIONS: •

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To create more amenities in the neighborhood, a private developer is interested in developing a portion of the site in accordance with an agreement with the federal government. The local community would like to develop a neighborhood park. The high-risk building needs a 100-foot standoff perimeter. A circulation system without a hierarchy of routes, as well as multiple building and parking entries, can confuse visitors and complicate security oversight Where several buildings share facilities isolated from the services of a surrounding neighborhood, public space should be provided for the comfort and convenience of tenants and visitors.

Conceptual Strategy Plan Project Area: Zone 1

The site has an extensive perimeter and varying adjacent conditions and uses on each side, including residential neighborhoods. The northwest corner of the site is underutilized. There are multiple tenants on-site with a mix of low, medium, and high ISC security ratings, requiring different minimum standoff perimeters. The site has a confusing internal roadway system. There are three guarded vehicular entry points that require a high degree of staffing and operational support.

SECURITY DESIGN PROBLEM: •

A long perimeter distance can be difficult and expensive to secure properly. At certain areas of the site, the perimeter fence also needs to serve as a vehicle barrier. •If space is available, the fence need not run along the property line. •Pulling the fence line back provides visual relief, as well as areas for trees and hedges, which can screen the fencing.

ASSIGNMENT-3

SECURITY & SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS

FIRE SAFETY PLAN IN

STORAGE (14770*15000 MM)

LEGEND

HER TOILET 5230*9460 MM

FIRE EXTINGUISHER

THERMAL DETECTOR

FLASH ALARM

OUT

EMERGENCY CEILING LIGHTS

SPRINKLER 3M RADIUS

EXHIBITION GALLERY (5000*34770 MM)

HIS TOILET 5230*9460 MM

SMOKE DETECTOR

DISABLED TOILET 5230*9460 MM

INSTRUCTIONS OPERATION

IN CASE OF FIRE BREAK THE GLASS

BODY

533

OPEN COURTYARD 2000*2000 MM

GLASS

EXHIBITION GALLERY (35000*55460 MM)

SIGNAL BUTTON

W ATER SUPPLY

CAFE (8000*17076 MM) 28 27 25 23

1 3

7 UP

11 13

LIFT (SERVICE ) LIFT (PUBLIC L) IFT (PUBLIC )

SPRINKLER

1 INSTRUCTIVE IN ENGLISH

ELECTRIC KEY

IN CASE OF FIRE BREAK GLASS

OUT

RAJU

ENTRANCE AND RECEPTION (22984*35230 MM)

OUT

EMERGENCY EXIT (10000*20000 MM)

Fire Extinguisher portable or movable apparatus used to put out a small fire by directing onto it a substance that cools the burning material, deprives the flame of oxygen, or interferes with the chemical reactions occurring in the flame.

EXHIBITION GALLERY (20000*44840 MM)

SECURITY (3220*3220 MM)

RAJU

OUT

AP - 455 INTELLIGENT BUILDING

MUSEUM SHOP (20230*15000 MM)

NIKUNJ CHAUHAN 35518001618 4TH YEAR (B)

Thermal Detectors which tell the system if temprature goes high

Flash Alarms indicates that the room is not safe to enter

Ceiling lights for circulation in building while emergency.

DELHI TECHNICAL CAMPUS

REMARKS -

MUSEUM SHOP (20230*15000 MM)

STORAGE (14770*15000 MM)

LEGEND HOT WATER SUPPLY

COLD WATER SUPPLY

OUT

IRRIGATION CHANNEL OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE

GREY WATER DRAIN GREY WATER COLLECTION

EXHIBITION GALLERY (5000*34770 MM)

HIS TOILET 5230*9460 MM

HER TOILET 5230*9460 MM

DISABLED TOILET 5230*9460 MM

EXHIBITION GALLERY (35000*55460 MM)

533

OPEN COURTYARD 2000*2000 MM CAFE (8000*17076 MM)

28 27 25 23 21 19

1 3 5 7 UP

11 13

LIFT (SERVICE ) LIFT (PUBLIC L) IFT (PUBLIC ) IN

OUT

RAJU

ENTRANCE AND RECEPTION (22984*35230 MM)

OUT

EMERGENCY EXIT (10000*20000 MM)

EXHIBITION GALLERY (20000*44840 MM)

SECURITY (3220*3220 MM)

RAJU

Greywater is described as gently used wastewater that comes from sources such as the bathroom, kitchen and laundry. This means that it is not really wastewater but could be repurposed for safe and beneficial uses such as yard irrigation.

OUT

Hot water supply systems consist of heat sources, water treatment apparatus, water heaters, pipelines to transport the water, and devices to regulate and control the water's temperature. Each water appliance has its own intake pipe, which branches off from the cold water pipes to supply the particular appliance with cold water. To get to every appliance, these pipes need to run throughout the home.

A greywater system is used to take water that has already been used from places like your laundry, shower and sink and divert it to use in another purpose like watering gardens or landscaping instead of flushing it down into the sewer

AP - 455 INTELLIGENT BUILDING

PLUMBING

NIKUNJ CHAUHAN 35518001618 4TH YEAR (B)

DELHI TECHNICAL CAMPUS REMARKS -

MUSEUM SHOP (20230*15000 MM)

STORAGE (14770*15000 MM)

LEGEND HOT WATER SUPPLY

COLD WATER SUPPLY

OUT

IRRIGATION CHANNEL OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE

GREY WATER DRAIN GREY WATER COLLECTION

EXHIBITION GALLERY (5000*34770 MM)

HIS TOILET 5230*9460 MM

HER TOILET 5230*9460 MM

DISABLED TOILET 5230*9460 MM

EXHIBITION GALLERY (35000*55460 MM)

533

OPEN COURTYARD 2000*2000 MM CAFE (8000*17076 MM)

28 27 25 23 21 19

1 3 5 7 UP

11 13

LIFT (SERVICE ) LIFT (PUBLIC L) IFT (PUBLIC ) IN

OUT

RAJU

ENTRANCE AND RECEPTION (22984*35230 MM)

OUT

EMERGENCY EXIT (10000*20000 MM)

EXHIBITION GALLERY (20000*44840 MM)

SECURITY (3220*3220 MM)

RAJU

OUT

AP - 455 INTELLIGENT BUILDING

PLUMBING

NIKUNJ CHAUHAN 35518001618 4TH YEAR (B)

DELHI TECHNICAL CAMPUS REMARKS -

MUSEUM SHOP (20230*15000 MM)

STORAGE (14770*15000 MM)

LEGEND HOT WATER SUPPLY

COLD WATER SUPPLY

OUT

IRRIGATION CHANNEL OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE

GREY WATER DRAIN GREY WATER COLLECTION

EXHIBITION GALLERY (5000*34770 MM)

HIS TOILET 5230*9460 MM

HER TOILET 5230*9460 MM

DISABLED TOILET 5230*9460 MM

EXHIBITION GALLERY (35000*55460 MM)

533

OPEN COURTYARD 2000*2000 MM CAFE (8000*17076 MM)

28 27 25 23 21 19

1 3 5 7 UP

11 13

LIFT (SERVICE ) LIFT (PUBLIC L) IFT (PUBLIC ) IN

OUT

RAJU

ENTRANCE AND RECEPTION (22984*35230 MM)

OUT

EMERGENCY EXIT (10000*20000 MM)

EXHIBITION GALLERY (20000*44840 MM)

SECURITY (3220*3220 MM)

RAJU

OUT

AP - 455 INTELLIGENT BUILDING

PLUMBING

NIKUNJ CHAUHAN 35518001618 4TH YEAR (B)

DELHI TECHNICAL CAMPUS REMARKS -

ASSIGNMENT-4

LEARNING AS AN ARCHITECT

My learning as an Architect on the components of intelligent building -: It is an automated control system installed in buildings that controls and monitors the mechanical and electrical equipment of the building, such as ventilation, lighting, power systems, fire systems and security systems. There is no doubt that AI can enhance our own human capabilities, especially when it comes to technology. For example, artificial intelligence in video analytics means that a machine can detect what is considered normal behavior and therefore identify abnormal behavior in real time to stop crime into action. The objectives of building automation are: ● More comfort for the occupants, ● Efficient operation of building systems. ● Lower energy consumption. ● Lower operating and maintenance costs. ● Increased security and ensures safety. ● Documentation of historical achievements ●Remote Access / Operations / Control ●Improving the life cycle of equipment and associated services.

The above points clarify that the building automation system improves the comfort of the occupants and your general safety measures. Either the HVAC system controlled by a single unit and the AHU system that understands the environment using various thermal sensors and the need to make a thermal change, or it is the automatic lighting that does not just use energy saves in the present, but also the energy consumption of the building decreases and thus converts them into net zero buildings. Efficient operation of building systems and reduced energy consumption Consolidate building information in one central location that directly or indirectly simplifies workstations. This has improved the lifecycle of equipment and related utilities, as well as overall performance. As an architect, we also have to look for a good deal that not only saves us money, but also the money we spend on these BAS components should be well spent. Full system integration can be expensive and complex, which is why many system designers often find it more convenient to keep building systems as separate entities. For new buildings, integrating BAS and life safety from the original design will reduce costs. However, end users may not be happy with this structure when they begin to learn about the potential benefits of interoperability and shared resources.

In Automatic Lighting System - Smart lighting is a good way to minimize and save light by allowing the homeowner to control heating and air conditioning, lighting and appliance control remotely. The concept of smart lighting also includes the use of natural sunlight to reduce the use of artificial light. They provide the right amount of light where and when it is needed. you should know that the initial cost is very high. To overcome this design, such a system must be planned in such a way that the energy efficiency can recoup the costs in a minimum of time. The system contains wireless sensors that update movements and optimize signals. Plumbing is another area of automation. To maintain sustainable and smart home automation systems, we need sanitary systems that integrate well with the rest of the building. A standing water alarm system, smart faucets, drain alarm system, leak detection sensors, etc. form intelligent plumbing systems for intelligent buildings. The desire for convenience creates demand for new sanitary technologies such as smart toilets and Bluetooth shower heads. To serve your customers effectively, you need to know this new technology and be ready to install it. They want to use new technology that saves water and saves money.

Security systems in the context of BAS are made up of two building blocks. The first is a monitoring system that monitors what is happening in and around the building via cameras and sensors of various types. The second is a crime prevention system that manages and controls entry and exit based on information from the monitoring systems. Artificial intelligence in security systems aims to bring the human intellect into the technology that controls security systems . The development of smart buildings introduces new risks to the built environment, some resulting from the integration of traditionally separate systems, others due to the growing risk of cyber-attacks on any computer system.

At BAS, fire and safety systems are designed to detect the outbreak of fires and provide alerts by ringing alarm bells throughout the building. An automatic building fire alarm system has a receiver that detects when one of the wired sensors is triggered by a fire. The system then alerts building occupants by ringing alarm bells or evacuating voices throughout the building. Reasons to integrate fire alarm systems with BAS and control systems. When designing fire and automation, we need to know that system designers require special training in smoke control, including the basics of smoke control, how to arrange the system according to code requirements, and special programming required for strategies of smoking. And when implementing fire alarms, the BAS designer must consider alarm priorities. With integration, systems become interdependent and less reliable. It is important that integrated systems are designed and manufactured in such a way that both fire alarm and automation systems function as standalone, standalone systems that do not depend on each other for basic operation. For example, if the BAS is disconnected from the fire alarm system for maintenance reasons, the fire alarm system must still detect and report disasters. HVAC systems play a vital role in maintaining indoor air quality. An intelligent HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) system uses networked HVAC components and other technologies (such as the Internet of Things). It is the natural evolution of a building automation system (BAS). The purpose of a smart HVAC system is to enable residents to control the temperature of their room or workspace at a very granular level, including lighting, humidity, fan speed, etc., to achieve an ideal level of thermal comfort. to achieve. The benefits of smart HVAC systems include providing thermal comfort exactly as needed and potentially energy savings. The latter can come and program the HVAC to take over a zone only when people are present, but deprioritize the zone when they leave. With all these points mentioned above, we learn how important the role of BAS System is in today's Smart Buildings. Each function involves a BAS component that makes our life easier, more comfortable and safer. This network of wireless systems with a controlled system makes the building smarter and more energy efficient. As an Architect, it is our duty to know all these components and their implementation well.