Escape: A Healing Sanctuary Bachelor of Architecture I Graduation Studio 2016-2017
ANURAG SONAR University of Mumbai, India
ESCAPE: A HEALING SANCTUARY GRADUATION STUDIO. YEAR 5 SEM 10. 2016/17 Location: Kasol, North India Individual Work Supervisor: Ar. Sanket Mhatre (des.) Mail Id: sank.mhatre@gmail.com
Ar. Parikshit Waghdhare (tech.) parikshit.waghdhare@ies.edu
The modern way of living of most of the Indians involves 4080 hours a week of stressful work, unhealthy conditions, poor eating habits and health problems due to their lifestyle. Oblivious and accustom to the toxins that we put in our bodies and our buildings we have lost our connection to the environment and our health. In turn, humans live in constant state of stress, stress on the body and mind, stress put on the natural environment.
There is a need of a Sanctuary; where one can go to relieve stress and help heal the mind and the body.This Sanctuary is a terminus of relaxation, meditation & health. By exploring the meaning of the Sanctuary in a non religious context and thinking of architecture as medium for healing, this place becomes an Escape from the stressful environment that surrounds us, and a place to gain new perspective on daily problems of life.
01
RUDIMENTS OF HEALING
HEALING TRIAD
NATURAL
The design strategy for thesis is based on Peter Zumthor’s experiential model in which the experience is created by space.
PHYSICAL
Water
Material
Light
Colour
Landscape
experience
space
experience
Lefebvre+Pallasma model
A healing sanctuary, in its true sense emphasizing on ‘healing’, is a getaway ‘place’ for one to restore soundness and mind and body. It becomes a place where body and mind repairs itself aided by natural process.
Vision
Hearing
Touch
Taste
India: Himachal Pradesh
Peter Zumthor’s model
1. Architecture born from site: local materials PSYCHOLOGICAL
FIRST IMPRESSIONS
SITE
CASE STUDY INFERENCES DESIGN MODEL
Himachal Pradesh: kullu
Smell
SENSORY DESIGN
Touch, smell and taste provide information in the immediate spaces around us, whereas vision and hearing are capable of representing objects or events from greater distances.The senses will be used as a design tool to connect the body psychologically to a space through the use of memomry stimuli. it is through the use of both, physical and psychological, that a healing experience can be achieved.
Wood
Stone
Water
2. Creating relation with the space: sound, scale & light
Kullu: Kasol
Location
Context Plan
SITE
Section A-A’ Sound
Scale
Island between Parvati river
State Highway
Views
Views & Paths
Light The goal is to accentuating certain senses in certain spaces, NOT sensory overload.
Hotel
Vegetation & Edges
3. Creating relationship with water: unique each time
see/ how does this space look? how does the space feel?
/ hear
smell/ how does this space smell? taste/ how does this space taste?
touch/ how does the space feel?
Local techniques of construction
4. Conflict of Human body with materials: tactility
1. Foundation: Stone 2. Wall: Stone & Timber (Ground) 3. Slab: Timber 4. Flooring: Timber or stone 5. Roofing: Slate stone
NEED OF SENSE.ABLE DESIGN APPROACH Sensory theory has established a progression of human experience that begins with the sense/ stimulus: the senses connects to memory, memory is linked to perception, which then influences one’s ability to understand and experience space and being. By looking at phenomenology in this light, it provides an opportunity for the architect to engage with the progression of creating healing atmosphere through sensory medium
Locally Available Materials Section: Kath kuni technique
Wood
Quartzite
Slate
River silt
02
PROGRAM DERIVATION
Healing Spaces 21.67%
Circulation 16.67%
Restaurant 5.5%
Services 7%
Equipments 10.16%
Private Healing Spaces 16.67%
Hot spring bathing 13.67%
20. Private healing spaces Observatory Tower 3%
Other Activities 5.66%
DESIGN GUIDELINES
19. Semi private healing space 1. Restriction of the built form
5. Minimising ground coverage
2. Designing around trees
3. Designing 25m away from river edge
6. Renewable source of energy
4. Creating natural buffer for privacy
7. Passive heating methods
8. Enhancing the river edge
14. Steel & Cable bridge
SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS
Windmill to generate electricity
Biogas Plant to generate cooking gas
Recycling & reusing water for flushing & landscape
Sewage treatment plant to recycle waste 10. Interpretation Center
Visitors Centre Observatory Tower
CROSS SECTION A-A’
Yoga Deck
Viewing Deck Bridge
Parvati River
Physical healing space
Private healing spcae
1 Site Entry 2 Vehicular Road 12m wide 3 Administration 4 Parking for bus (6 Nos) 5 Parking for cars (34 Nos) 6 Parking for bikes 7 Parking for golf carts 8 Observatory Tower 9 Dense plantations of Apple trees 10 Visitor’s Centre and Restaurant 11 Viewing Deck 12 Camp Site 13 Adventure Deck 14 Storage 15 Hot Water Spring 16 Bridge 4m wide 17 Yoga Deck 18 Reflection Pond 19 Semi-private Healing Spaces 20 Private Healing Spaces 21 Tree Deck 22 Reading Deck
HEALING SANCTUARY: MASTER PLAN
03
OBSERVATORY TOWER
PLAN @ENTRY LEVEL
PLAN @INTERNAL DECK LVL
OFF THE GRID SERVICES
PLAN @UPPER DECK LVL
1. Electricity generation through Solar Concentrators. 15kW/day of electricity is generated for almost 8 months of the year.
The structural concept defined the tower’s visual appearance –a laconic, quadrilateral and elongated tower with stretched elements and randomly distributed balconies which end with a dynamic observation “cage”.
+31.80m
+27.80m
+24.80m
+21.80m
2. Steam from the Hot water spring is collected and through steam trapper is converted into Electricity. Further the hot water can be reused for radiant heating system
+17.80m
+14.80m
3. The services from northern part of the Sanctuary is carried over the river through the castellated beams from below the bridge. The sewage pipes, water supply pipes & electrical cables are carried to the southern end.
+11.80m
Balluster 75mm dia Steel Beam ISMB 150mm with deck slab
+7.80m
4. Feeder Pillar’s are used as signages for the Sanctuary during Night time. Steel Stanchion ISMB 250c connected with gusset plate 19mm thk
+4.80m
Steel Beam ISMB 150mm Steel shanchion cladded with timber 12mm thk Steel stanchion ISMB 250mm
+1.80m
Diagonal bracing with steel cables RCC Isolated foundation
SIDE ELEVATION
SECTION A-A’
5. Services chambers are provided for maintenace purpose below the service road
04
INTERPRETATION / VISITOR’S CENTRE
ROOF FORM EXPLORATION
3. Massing model to understand the proportion
2. Timber & Steel folded roof
A pavilion type structure is designed which facilitates as a visitor’s centre for the tourists. It includes a display arena which provides information of Parvati Valley and its natural features.
DETAILS
The restaurant has indoor as well as outdoor seating facility, so that the tourists can enjoy the view of the parvati river.
A. RIDGE DETAIL
B. END DETAIL
Nomenclature A. Building Structure B. Damp Control Course C. Insulation Layer D. Ventilated Cavity E. Timber Boarding F. Standing seam bay/clips
1. Trying origami form to achieve the roof profile Conceptual Diagrams
C. GUTTER DETAIL
A
CONCEPT 9 11 Mountain profile
Built Form
Natural support
17
5
B
12
The idea is to create a design that has minimal impact on the nature. The roof is carefully designed considering the mountain profile available on site. The proportion of the built form is kept small so as to magnify the importance of naturre over human built form, The columns are designed as slender trees, thus making the roof floating.
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7
6
13
B’
14
10 4
3
15
16
2 18 1
A’
1. Pedestrian Entrance 2. Centre Atrium 3. Ticketing Counter 4. Back Office 5. Souvenier/Concessions shop 6. Interpretation Centre 7. Parvati Valley Model 8. Display Screen 9. Viewing Deck 10. Restaurant Indoor seating 11. Outdoor Seating 12. Serving Counter 13. Kitchen 14. Dry Storage 15. Storage 16. Loading Unloading area & Back entry 17. Service Duct 18. Washrooms
INTERPRETATION CENTRE & RESTAURANT PLAN
+7.60m
A
C
B Steel roof framing
+3.60m
Stanchion 400mm dia Steel beam ISMB 150 finished in timber Insulation glass 12mm thk
+0.60m
CROSS SECTION A-A’
Steel framed deck finished in wood
LONGITUDINAL SECTION B-B’
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PHYSICAL & PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALING SPACES PROGRAM DERIVATION
The program for the Healing therapy is based on HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS. A carefully derived program incorporates the advantages of the hot water from the springs and its prowess to heal human body in many possible ways.
MORPHOLOGY
FORM DEVELOPMENT
HOLISTIC HEALING
The idea to create a space amidst and around the mountains came through the ancient healing spaces called ‘CAVE’. The cave offers a dynamic closure but at the same time it creates a dialogue with the outside world with smal punctures. The whole form is developed from a piece of a large rock.
Light represents natural healing, water represents physical healing and architecture using stone represents psychological healing.
ANCIENT
FUNCTIONAL
LIGHT
WATER
STONE
RELEVANCE OF WATER
SITING: Locating the site with minimum slope and trees.
1. INTRODUCTION Section of a cave
Section of a more functional & usable space
Water is introduced in a cave like structure in relation with stone and light.
2. EXPLORATION
Water with different mediums and spaces is explored by the user. The water spaces of varying depths are designed. Circulatory System
Nervous System
Respiratory System
Turkish Bath 30mins
Cold Bath 5-10mins
Ama Releasing Abhyanga 90-120mins
Aroma Bath 10-15mins
Ayurvedic Journey 120mins Bathing 10mins In hot water
Sound Bath 10-15mins Hot Stone Massage 120mins
Digestive System
Skeletal & Muscular System
Inhalation Chamber 5-10mins
Himalayan Herb Massage 120mins
Aromatherapy 60-90mins Controls the nutrient flow of the body
Water Massage 30mins
Drinking Hot water One meal a day
Planof a cave
DAYLIGHT STRATEGY
Plan of a revised bathing space
Orthopaedic Massage 120mins
EXTRUDING PROBABLE MASS:
The massing is done w.r.t the height of the trees limiting it to the start of the foliage i.e. 4.5 to 6 m from ground surface.
3. IMMERSION TO ESCAPE
The act of immersion in the external bathing pool is considered to the act of escape.
CONCEPTUAL DRAWINGS
Series of sketches explaining the idea of scale, openings and emptiness
EXPANSION - COMPRESSION - EXPANSION
1. RELATIONSHIP OF SKIN VS MATERIALS Conflict of skin with respect to various materials creating a healing atmosphere.
Medicinal Bath 10mins
INSERTION OF MASS: The mass is further
Bath ELEMENTSFireCREATING FORM
Mountain, stone, water – building in the stone, building with stone, into the mountain, building out of the mountain, being inside the mountain – how can the implications and the sensuality in the association of these words be interpreted, architecturally?
INITIAL ZONING WITH RESPECT TO EXPERIENCE
2. EXPANSION CONTRACTION
inserted inside the mountain to achieve the desired experience.
VS
Effect of series of healing spaces on the human body
1
The material and the environment are the immediate factors contributing the form.
SKYLIGHT: The skylights on the top of the structure provides ambient daylight throughout the day.
RE-ORIENTING THE SPCAES W.R.T EXPERIENCES
SUBSTRACTION: The portion of the mass is
substracted where trees were available and the mass took form along the trees creating small breathing spaces.
2
CREATING OPENINGS & COURTYARDS
3
DIAGRAM: Elements deriving form
LIGHTWELL: Courtyards providing natural light.
3. SEASONAL USE OF BATHING SPACES
FENESTRATION: The achieved form is now opened up to the desired views and creates exploration of different views.
06
PHYSICAL & PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALING SPACES
EXPERIENCE OF SPACES
A’
A
1. EXTERIOR TO INTERIOR The journey starts with movement of a body from exterior to interior to more enclosed space. This results due to lack of natural light, thus channelizing other senses.
VIEW: TRANSITION PASSAGE
2. CLEANSING RITUAL The user is prescribed a set of therapies based on their history and body type. The user then proceeds to cleansing ritual.
6. TRANSITION PASSAGE Compression to expansion of a body.
B’
B
C’
C
7. SWEAT CHAMBER The body expands and perspires leading the body to cool down.
3. RELEVANCE OF WATER-STONELIGHT The user is lead to the hallway where he is introduced to the hot water and the relationship with stone and light is created.
8. IMMERSION-ESCAPE & RELAX The act of immersion in hot water spring is considered as an ESCAPE for the user. The user can further engulf into number of body massages developed from ancient therepies.
4. EXPLORATION OF WATER The user needs to take an Ice bath which directly strikes the nervous system and channelizes the senses. The ice bath is followed by Nasal bath in which the user experiences various aromas and channelizes the sense of smell.
5. EXPLORATION OF WATER
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
The user is taken through a series of bathing spaces and the experience each time is different. Sound bath channelizes hearing sense, medicinal bath channelizes sense of taste. Fire bath helps expansion of the body.
NORTH
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
1 On Call Duty Doctor Room/ Reception 2 Waiting Lounge 3 Costume Pick Up Point 4 Storage Room and Counter 5 Men’s Makeup Rooms 6 Men’s Changing Rooms 7 Women’s Changing Rooms 8 Women’s Makeup Rooms 9 Men’s Shower and WC 10 Women’s Shower and WC 11 Hallway Towards Compression Chamber 12 Introduction to Water 13 Panel Room 14 Cold Bath - 14 C 15 Composed Sound and Art Shower 16 Aroma Bath - 24 C 17 Sound Bath - 31 C 18 Medical Bath - 33 C 19 Fire Bath - 42 C 20 Sweat Chamber/ Turkish Bath for Men 21 Sweat Chamber/ Turkish Bath for Women 22 Inhalation Chamber for Men 23 Inhalation Chamber for Women 24 Private Hot Spring Pool for Men 42 C 25 Private Hot Spring Pool for Women 42 C 26 Common Indoor Hot Spring Pool 42C 27 Sunbath Deck 28 Common Outdoor Hot Spring Pool 42C 29 Hot Stone Massage Room 30 Hydrotherapy Room 31 Water Massage Pool 32 Aroma Therapy 33 Himalayan Herb Body Ritual 34 Resting Area 35 Ayurvedic Journey 36 Ama Releasing Abhyanga 37 Face and Body Stressbounder
07
SECTIONS & ELEVATIONS
SKYLIGHT 12MM THK RCC Wall 300 mm thk Shims
B
Drilled anchor Wooden frame 35mm
WOODEN ROOF WITH SKYLIGHT OPENING
Stainless steel bent plate
Window insulation 50mm
Filled with sealant
RCC Wall 300mm thk
Slate stone 25 mm thk
Cladding gap 12.5mm Slate stone cladding 25mm
DETAIL AT B: SLATE STONE DRY CLADDING
DETAIL AT A: SLATE STONE DRY CLADDING
RELAXING AREA DETAILED PLAN WITH QUARTZITE TILING LAYOUT
Single layer Glass
RAFTER & PURLIN GRID Soil 100mm
TIMBER TRUSS
Insulation RP Foam 100mm
STUD & BATTEN GRID
RCC Slab 300mm thk
DETAIL: ROOF SKYLIGHT
INSULATION GLASS 12MM THK
Quartzite stone floor 50mm
Quartzite Aluminum stone Flashing cladding Mineral filter 25mm 100mm dia Nahni trap Waterproofing coat Drainage 25mm pipe
Lawn 50mm
WEST SIDE ELEVATION
A
Single layer window 12mm
WOODEN FRAME 65 X 65MM
Radiant heating pipe Waterproofing coat 25mm RCC Slab 150mm
DETAIL: FLOOR RADIANT HEATING SYSTEM
Timber Column 250 x 150mm
Timber beam 125 x 75mm
Tie Rod in Mild Steel
WOODEN WALL 12MM THK QUARTZITE STONE FLOORING 25MM THK
Top connecting plate (Steel)
Hinge in steel
Bolt joint on timber member
Bolting joint on Timber member
C-Chanel in steel 25mm thk
Connecting Base plate in steel 25mm thk
Steel anchoring in RCC Slab
Connector plate
RCC BEAM GRID
Timber column 250 x 150mm
Quartzite stone flooring 25mm thk
RCC Beam 300 x 600mm
DETAIL: WOOD TO STEEL CONNECTION
DETAIL: WOOD TO RCC SLAB CONNECTION
RCC COLUMN 300 X 300MM Slate Stone cladding 25mm thk
SECTION A-A’
Window frame with Aluminum flashing
Slate Stone cladding 25mm thk
RP Foam Insulation
RCC Slab 150mm thk
RCC RETAINING WALL 300MM THK
Insulation glass 5mm thk
DETAIL: CLADDING AND WINDOW INSULATION Waterproofing joint RCC Retaining Wall 300 mm thk 20mm dia Main R/F 150mm thk brick walla RCC Slab 150mm thk
RCC RAFT 300MM THK
RCC Slab 300mm thk Up-stand beam 300 x 600mm
EXPLODED VIEW: STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
Sump 300 x 500mm
SECTION DETAIL: UPSTAND BEAM RAFT FOUNDATION
Following is the exploded structural view of the Expansion Chamber. The Raft Foundation caters to the water load and earth load. It also provides resistance during earthquakes.
Waterproofing joint RCC Retaining Wall 300 mm thk 20mm dia Main R/F
SECTION B-B’
150mm thk brick wall RCC Slab 150mm thk RCC Slab 300mm thk Down-stand beam 300 x 600mm
SECTION DETAIL: DOWNSTAND BEAM RAFT FOUNDATION
C’
B’
Sump 300 x 500mm
A’ RCC Retaining Wall 300 mm thk RCC Column 300 x 300mm thk
Stone Wall 150mm thk Tie Beam 300 x 600mm
C
SECTION C-C’
B
A
EAST SIDE ELEVATION
STRUCTURAL LAYOUT: CENTERLINE PLAN
08
PRIVATE HEALING SPACES
UNIT TYPE 1 SINGLE/DOUBLE OCCUPANCY 20sq.m
DESIGN STRATEGIES
1. Vernacular Form
VIEWS
2. Reducing the foot-print
3. Passive Heating
4. Exploring Views
1 Unit of Living space + 1/2 Unit of utility
Unit with combined function
Providing slope for snow
5. Thermal Insulation
FORM EVOLUTION
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3
4
A
A’ 2
Basic Vernacular Unit for 2 families
Seperation of the unit
1
Formation of Individual Unit
2
Raising Units on stilts to reduce footprint
1
5
6
3 UNIT TYPE 1
MORPHOLOGY 1. Retaining the existing Site Conditions 2. Siting the structure around the natural elements 3. Extending the structure beyond the edge conditions 4. Creating openings in the structure for panoromic view 5. Adding fenestrations & providing slope to cater weather and snow load
NORTH
4
5
MODULES SECTION A-A’
Sleeping area module with option of single and double occupancy
UNIT 1- FLOOR PLAN 1. Access through bridge 2. Vestibule area 3. Washroom 4. Bathing area 5. Living/Sleeping area 6. Viewing Balcony 7. Servicing Duct
Bathing Area module with small showering area or bath tub
CONCEPTUAL DIAGRAM
WEST SIDE ELEVATION
NORTH SIDE ELEVATION
EAST SIDE ELEVATION
SOUTH SIDE ELEVATION
ELEVATE EXTEND EXPLORE
UNIT TYPE 2
09
UNIT TYPE 2
EXPLODED VIEW: STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
DOUBLE/TRIPLE OCCUPANCY 30sq.m
2 living space + 1 utility space module
1. Access through bridge 2. Living area 3. Sleeping area 4. Viewing area 5. Eating area 6. Cooking area 7. Vestibule 8. Washroom 9. Bathing area
Unit with combined function
Providing slope for snow
REFLECTION POND
SLATE ROOF WITH WATERPROOFING MEMBRANE
TIMBER BEAM GRID
C’ CONCEPTUAL DRAWING
TIMBER STUD AND BATTEN GRID
1 B’
B
8 9
6
5
2
3
4
TREATED TIMBER FOR EXTERNAL CLADDING 12MM THK
SHEEPWOOL THERMAL INSULATION 75MM THK
PLAN
The Pool of Reflection is a niche offset from the main river wherein water from the river collects and “pauses” to form a pool. This pause point has been symbolically adopted into the experience of the healing centre and represents a reflective “pause” in the journey. The stillness of the pool contrasted by the continuous flow of the river is representative of the past, the present and the future. The metaphorical past flows into the stillness of the contemplative present. It is here that we gather our thoughts together and ponder over things that have occurred to us before and we are ready once more to join the flow of the river towards a more insightful future.
TIMBER FRAME 45X45MM Painted Steel frame
7
Laminated 12mm glass Silicon Painted perimeter Structural Silicon
4
DPM Steel member
UNIT 2- FLOOR PLAN
Timber beam 50x100 mm
INTERNAL TIMBER PANELING 12MM THK
C
INSULATION GLASS 12MM THK
DETAIL AT B
B
SECTION A-A’
NORTH QUARTZITE STONE FLOORING
WOODEN BEAM FRAMING WITH INSULATION
STEEL BEAM 150MM X 100MM
WEST SIDE ELEVATION
SOUTH SIDE ELEVATION
STEEL COLUMN 250MM X 175MM SS CABLE DIAGONAL BRACING
RCC ISOLATED FOOTING
MATERIALS
EAST SIDE ELEVATION
NORTH SIDE ELEVATION
Deodar and Pine Wood for internal & external cladding Slate Stone roofing 25mm thk Sheep Wool Insulation 25mm thk Roof Gutter Timber beam 50x100mm Nut Bolting Internal timber paneling 25mm thk Insulated Glass window 12mm thk
SECTION B-B’
SECTION C-C’
DETAIL: CLADDING & ROOF GUTTER
METHODOLOGY
Galvanized Steel Structural framing
Slate Stone roofing
The construction of each private healing unit will be prefabricated on a flat surface where the vehicles can reach. Further the foundation pad will be constructed manually, with the help of skilled labour. The fabricated unit will be then placed on site using a helicopter or crane depending upon the distance from the nearest flat surface.
Wooden Flooring Screeding Insulation Timber Joist 50x100mm Nut bolting Steel Beam 150x100mm Steel Column 250x175mm Welding Joint SS Cable diagonal bracing
It is at this place that we get to soak in the entire experience of the health centre with a calm and mindful disposition. This is also where we nurture thoughts of returning back to the tranquillity of this place. This place encapsulates the essence of the entire centre as the main objective of it is to offer a rejuvenating experience from a well-designed “pause”.
DETAIL: STEEL COLUMN & BEAM JUNCTION
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