DECARBONIZING THE SUBURBS ENERGY | REGULATIONS | SEQUESTERING | MOBILITY | LAND USE
94% of 38,000 annual US road fatalities are caused by driver error, distraction impairmentor 1.5 SECONDS HUMAN AUTONOMOUS 0.5 SECONDS 27% of all emissionsgreenhousearecaused by the transportation sector 66% of vehicle emissions can be eliminated with car pooling ... before electrification Pedestrian accidents increased 62% in urban areas from 2010 - 2019 Average Response Time From Identification to Brake Activation Did you know??? A single shuttle at capacity can eliminate over 2,700 grams of C02 emissions per mile! [1,2] © 2022 Beep, Inc. All Rights Reserved [1] “Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Typical Vehicle,” https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/tiff2png.cgi/P100JPPH.PNG? r+75+ g+7+D%3A%5CZYFILES%5CINDEX%20DATA%5C11THRU15%5CTIFF%5C00000730%5CP100JPPH.TIF Accessed in August 2022. [2] “Transportation Fact Sheet,” https://css.umich.edu/publications/factsheets/mobility/personal transportation factsheet Accessed in August 2022.
Pub.
But we’re going in the wrong direction!
…The U.S. population increased 34% from 1990 to 2021, but miles travelled increased 52% in the same time period 5.7 TRILLION passenger miles were travelled in 2019!! 76% of us drive alone; only 14% use any form of shared or public transporation and a measly 4% of us walk or bike – drastically behind our European counterparts
…
Reference: Center for Sustainable Systems, University of Michigan. 2021. "Personal Transportation Factsheet." No. CSS01-07.
...
…The 76% of us that are choosing to drive alone are contributing more to energy intensity - and resulting carbon emissions - than those utilizing motorcycles, all forms of rail, and air travel COMBINED!
© 2022 Beep, Inc. All Rights Reserved
© 2022 Beep, Inc. All Rights Reserved
How do we steer in the right direction!
& DEVELOPMENTREGULATIONS SEQUESTERINGCARBON
GREENPRODUCTIONENERGY BUILDING
DECARBONIZING THE SUBURBS CODES
GREENPRODUCTIONENERGY
• These roofs and parking lots are untapped potential for small and medium-scale PV solar installations.
GREEN ENERGY PRODUCTION
• There is more roof and surface parking sf per person than in urbanized areas.
• An energy efficient suburb that builds out its solar potential can send excess power to the central city.
• Suburbs are positioned to become the electrical powerhouses of metro areas.
THE POTENTIAL
GREEN ENERGY PRODUCTION
SUBURBAN COLUMBUS OH
• Design requirements and HOA regulations even though most are not enforceable
• Most are unaware of the incentives and resources out there to help implement small and medium sized solar installations.
• Most suburban big box stores, strip malls, warehouses, and data centers are not built to incorporate rooftop solar. Retrofitting many existing structures is not worth it.
BARRIERS
GREEN ENERGY PRODUCTION
• Florida Statute 163.04
GREEN ENERGY PRODUCTION WHAT ARE OUR SOLUTIONS? • Ensure residents know their rights when it comes to solar • Make sure citizens and businesses know what incentives are out there • Make it easy and simple to install small-scale renewable energy projects • Remove red tape • Expedited approvals • Waive permit fees • In the long-term, rethink how our centralized electrical grid works and work with utility companies on the development of micro and smart grids • Provide incentives for small-scale installations and energy efficiency programs
ORLANDO COMMISSIONUTILITY
• Up to $20,000 for ENERGY STAR roofing or rooftop PV solar installations
LOAN PROGRAMS REBATE PROGRAMS CODE REFORMS
TALLAHASSEE – SOLAR LOANS
• Reimbursements can be applied for after using an OUC preferred solar contractor
• County created a rooftop solar permit standard in the code to remove barriers to PV installation
• OUC offers residential electric customers a rebate of $900 for installation of PV systems
GREEN ENERGY PRODUCTION
• Also provides guidance on rectifying code elements that can prohibit the installation of rooftop solar as accessory equipment or residential or commercial buildings
BROWARD – CODE REVISION
• Financing is available for various includingmeasuresenergy-savingandsystems,solar
• 10-year loan repayment for PV solar with 5% interest rate
BUILDING CODES & REGULATIONS
BUILDING CODES & REGULATIONS
• Transition to a green economy and sustainable future requires us to reevaluate our building codes and development regulations. • BEVs are creating new demands for how we use electricity. • New building materials and construction techniques allow us build in less carbon-intensive manners • Modular design • Hempcrete • Blocks made from recycled plastic WHAT IS HAPPENING?
BUILDING CODES & REGULATIONS
• Many zoning and building codes to not regulate or permit these new building materials and developers need to advocate for wavers or variances to incorporate them.
BARRIERS
• Installing roof top solar and BEV charging stations require major retrofits because our current codes do not require us to take these elements into consideration during building design.
• We are allowing the construction of developments that are not easily retrofitted to accommodate new technology and infrastructure.
BUILDING CODES & REGULATIONS • Demolition and repair of existing surface parking. • Breaking and repairing walls • Longer conduit runs • This alone can cost $11,500 to $32,000 for 300 linear feat in demolition, installation, and repairs • Upgrading electric service panels • Soft costs • Permit fees • Architectural/engineering plans • Inspections • Project management WHY ARE RETROFITS SO EXPENSIVE? INSTALLING EV-CAPABLE AND EV-READY PARKING UP FRONT CAN SAVE THOUSANDS! Source: San Francisco Cost Effectiveness Report
BUILDING CODES & REGULATIONS
Update
building codes to require SFH garages be EV ready Update codes to require higher efficiency standards
WHAT ARE OUR SOLUTIONS?
building codes to require buildings be solar ready Update regulationsparkingtorequireEV-capableorEV-readyparkingspaces
Update
SOLAR READY ORDINANCE (no. 10549)
• Includes building orientation, roof design, and mechanical systems
• All new single-family homes or duplexes must include in the plans a photo voltaic system and a solar water heating system or preparation for later installation of these systems in order to receive a building permit.
• Voluntary guidelines to help developers design and build new residential that is solar ready
• SFH 1 EV-ready space per DU
• COM 5% EV-installed, 10% EV-ready, 10% EV-capable
BUILDING CODES & REGULATIONS CO DENVER, CO LABELLE, FL TUCSON, AZ
• MF 5% EV-installed, 15% EV-ready, 40% EV-capable
EV READY PARKING REQUIREMENTS – ZONING CODE REQ.
EV CHARGING CAPABLE HOMES – BUILDING CODE REQ.
SOLAR READY CONSTRUCTION GUIDELINES
• Each dwelling unit with a dedicated attached or detached garage, shall be provided with at least one electric vehicle ready space with a 40-amp conduit installed and accessible from the interior of the garage.
BOULDER,
CARBON SEQUESTERING
• However, our regulations and practices to not take advantage of these assets and actually produce more carbon than they sequester.
• Small zoning regulations and revisions to our planning documents can make major impacts in this field!
• The suburbs have the potential to absorb and sequester more carbon than their urban counterparts due to stronger tree canopies and more open space.
THE POTENTIAL
CARBON SEQUESTERING
CARBON SEQUESTERING
BARRIERS • The composition of our urban canopy and the types of trees we plant here in Florida • Palms vs conifers / deciduous • Addiction to our manicured front lawns • Design and maintenance of our rights-ofway • Not incorporating greenery into overlooked infrastructure and street amenities. • High maintenance landscaping causes more carbon emissions due to mowing, tree trimming, leaf pick-up, and irrigation
CARBON SEQUESTERING
SOOOOO MANY PALMS
• Palm trees were considered an ornamental in Central and South Florida up until the 90s. Now they make up a major part of our urban forests. • Palm trees do absorb a lot of carbon • Palms: 5 lbs. annually • Live Oaks: 487 lbs. annually • Mahogany: 623 lbs. annually • Average US vehicle: 10,000 lbs. annually • Current regulations allow switching canopy trees for palms (1:3) • Some Florida cities are rectifying this barrier Average AnnualPalmFloridaCarbonSequester 5 lbs. Florida Canopy Tree AnnualSequesterCarbon 400 – 600 lbs.
THIS SHOULD NOT REPLACE THIS
CARBON SEQUESTERING
MANICURED GRASS EVERYWHERE • Between 38%-63% of a metropolitan area’s land area is lawn • Grass absorbs CO2 but maintenance, irrigation, and fertilizing releases more carbon than the grass can absorb • Referred to as Carbon Cost • Medians, rights-of-way, setbacks, canals, areas around stormwater ponds are typically monoculture, highmaintenance lawns
CARBON SEQUESTERING
CARBON SEQUESTERING
Increase tree planting in land you control and regulate.
Use xeriscapegroundcoverFriendlyFlorida-tomediansandrights-of-way
WHAT ARE OUR SOLUTIONS?
Remove ability in zoning regulations replace canopy trees with palms
to
Update Forestry plans to encourage moreanddeciduousconifers
• 30-year goal to encourage palms to make up less than 25% of the City’s urban forest by 2050
CARBON SEQUESTERING
–
• Plan to plant 1,300 new canopy trees
RISE ABOVE INITATIVE
• Goal of planting 10,000 trees in 10 years
• “Palms, while an iconic part of Miami Beach’s landscape, have moved from being an accent plant to a major component of the city’s urban forest. General guidelines for species diversity state that no family should make up more than 30% of a city’s tree population” Miami Beach Urban Forestry Master Plan
• Program gives away native deciduous and conifer trees to local residents
TREE CANOPY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM
• 75% of the required trees in a new development must be shade trees
• Palms discouraged for parking lot islands
• Currently palms are 55%
WEST PALM BEACH MIAMI BEACH
• 60% of trees in WPB are palms
DOWNTOWN COLUMBUS OH
BUILDING CODES & REGULATIONS
Increases school VMT
Suppress walking & increases urban heat island
Canopy Removal
High speeds suppress active modes
Increased heat & AC load
Excess Parking
School Siting Criteria
Single Point of Access Increases VMT
Single Use Zoning
SUBURBAN LAND USE & CARBON
Road Hierarchy
Increases distance between trips
TOD
15 Minute Access & Mobility HubsDeliveriesMobility
5 mph 10 mph 20 mph 30 mph 40 mph 50+ mph25 mph VESPA 45-62mph XEV YOYO 43mph Toyota BEV 37mph GEM e2 35mph Revel Moped 30mph NURO R2 Bird25mphScoot 30mph Fluid ScooterHorizon20mphECARGO 20mph RadRover 20mph RazorMetro18mph AV Shuttle 18 30mph e skateboard 8 30mph 12e-scooter18mph Starship 4mph Bicycle 6-20mph Delivery Drones 20- 60+ mph DECARBONIZATION WITH NEW MOBILITY
Shuttles Envoy Technologies
Toyota WGI
E-bikeshare
Fleet Platforms
Carshare - Public
DECARBONIZATION WITH FLEETS
Ford Ridecell
Carshare - Private
Green Community Motor City Rivian
DECARBONIZATION WITH COMMUNITY FLEETS
• 15-minute
•
•
15-MINUTE ACCESS
•
•
Everyday uses are within: 5-minute walk (1/4 mile) 15-minute walk (3/4 mile 5-minute bike (1 mile) bike (3 miles) 5-minute e-bike (3 miles) e-bike (6 miles) transit trip
• 15-minute
• 15-minute
between Schools
Zoning addresses "What's allowed here?” while the 15-minute city asks, “What needs to be here?”
Walkable connections
Walkable connections connections & daily uses for families
DECARBONIZATION WITH 15-MINUTE SUBURBS
between Residential communities and convenience retail
between Grocery –anchored retail centers to link residential & office Walkable
MOBILITY HUBS SUBURBAN-FOCUSED MOBILITY HUBS • SUBURBAN PARK & RIDE • MIXED-USE DISTRICT • CAMPUS (BUSINESS OR EDUCATIONAL) • STRUCTURED PARKING GARAGES • INDIVIDUAL BUILDINGS Typology Matrix identifies the different amenities, elements, and infrastructure improvements that should be included in each typology. Source: American Planning Assn
Source: Columbus Ohio
ConvenienceRetailChildCareDeliveryLockers
SUBURBAN PARK & RIDE
In general, planners can assume a half-mile radius for TOD planning (TOD.org)
URBAN TOD
PRIMARY HUB OR STATION (BRT/TRAIN)WALKING
BIKE + BIKE SHARE
PRIMARY
HUB WALKINGSTATIONOR BIKE + BIKE SHARE E-SCOOTERSE-BIKES Average Trip Fun Fact e-bike - 9 miles e-scooters -1.2 miles Source: A North American Survey of Electric Bicycle Owners; NACTO
SUBURBAN TOD & HUBS
BIKE + BIKE SHARE
SUBURBAN TOD & HUBS
E-SCOOTERS + SHUTTLESE-BIKES
PRIMARY HUB WALKINGSTATIONOR
Fun Fact: In 2021, 52% of all trips for all modes were less than three miles
Source: National Household Travel
Survey
SUBURBAN TOD & HUBS
PRIMARY HUB
ZIP CAR
WALKINGSTATIONOR BIKE + BIKE SHARE E-BIKE + E-SCOOTERSSHUTTLES CAR SHARE + SECONDARYSHARERIDEHUB
SUBURBAN TOD & HUBS Mall Redevelopment Spectrum Activation and Pop-ups Outparcel (retail/restaurant/residential)infill Selective demolition and redevelopment Complete redevelopment
SUBURBAN TOD & HUBS
Use mix & density: Building mobility & delivery hubs
Centralized parcel pick up
MOBILITY & DELIVERY HUBS
Package drops behind fences & on balconies
Deliverybots Entrepreneurs
AV shuttle
SPEAKING OF SHUTTLES
Integrated ADA Compliant SystemsLowFloor for Walk in Access Electric AV A SAFE, CONVENIENT WAY TO MOVE PEOPLE FunctionalClean,Seating Monitoring and Ridership Services Planning and Deployment Services A Snapshot of Beep’s Business Focus Who We Are © 2022 Beep, Inc. All Rights Reserved Our autonomous offerings focus on controlled speed, fixed-destination and geofenced routes
effective alternative mobility for the public and private sectors to reduce costs, activate communities and serve all
FIRST AND LAST-MILEFOCUS
Cost
44 Complete suite of integrated services, software, data and onboard hardware required to operate safe, scalable autonomous mobility networks MARKET LEADER
GEOFENCED
90 Day
DEPLOYMENT
ROUTE FEASIBILITY
COMMISSIONING Roadmap to Autonomous Mobility
Charging and infrastructure setup to enable 3D mapping, testing and validation
Fully managed operations with assurance of route optimization
Evaluate infrastructure and regulatory environments
Technology recommendation based on use case
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