• Not fully replacing affordable units post-disaster. New development skews higher.
• Multi-family properties not insured. Post-Sandy HUD Inspector identified that housing authorities in Maryland, NY and NJ didnothavefloodinsurancefor72buildingsthatneededit .
• Lack of Integration of Budgets and Goals. Affordable housing is NOT YET well integrated with Resilient Infrastructure, Development and Disaster Recovery.
• Insurance Costs and Replacement Costs. Smaller/older homes in low-income areas receive smaller payouts. Substantial number of homeowners with paid-off mortgages do not/cannot afford have insurance .
Data-driven, equitable, communitycentric planning processes that improve housing resilience and mitigation and effectively implemented through local policy, planning frameworks, budgets and programs.
Engaged Community
Vulnerability
Analysis
Housing planning and resilience planning and policy need to be integrated.
Interdisciplinary Coordination
Plans, Policies, and Programs
Hazard
Analysis
Resilient HousingResilience Energy Assessment for Community Housing (REACH)
Team included TBRPC, UF, USF, FHC, United Way Suncoast
Objectives
• Develop consistent frameworks, methods and metrics for evaluating community vulnerability and affordable housing risks;
• Create standardized approach for mapping housing inundation and risk zones;
• Define approaches for assessing housing energy consumption and opportunities;
• Assess plans and create regional road map for integrating affordable housing and resilience planning;
Local Mitigation Strategy
Local Housing Assistance Plan
Construction/Rehab Standards
Post Disaster
Redevelopment Plan
Community Rating System Plans
Stakeholder
Engagement
Hazard Risk Assessment
Top Five Areas for Improvement
1. Post Disaster Redevelopment Plan (PDRP)
2. Construction Standards
3. Hazard Risk and Vulnerability Assessments
4. Lack of consistency across plans (limited implementation and investment in housing mitigation, recovery etc.)
5. Need for integrated resilient-community development education (elected officials, staff) on projected disaster impacts, future climate risks/losses and policies, zoning, land-use, assisted housing targets
Affordable Housing Action plans that do not include Risks!!
• Comp Plan Elements lack mitigation policy foundation to support and enforce housing mitigation activities.
• Need for policies, funding strategies, and initiatives for housing hazard mitigation programs.
• Green Building identified in Comp Plans; but not implemented through plans like Construction Strategies, PDRP, or the LHAP.
• LMI neighborhoods and areas impacted by disinvestment are not being prioritized for housing mitigation activities in the planning and response framework.
• Comp Plan: Create a policy foundation that directly incorporates disaster housing mitigation and directs resilience-based land development regulation and spending plans.
• LMS: Use community resilience indicators, integrate policy/standards and disaster housing mitigation strategies that are scaled.
• Local Housing Action Plan (LHAP): Define and require disaster housing mitigation in SHIP funded housing activities and evaluate incentive opportunities that can further support mitigation strategies.
• PDRP: Develop real Disaster Housing Recovery Plan!!! Update housing policy, strategies, add teeth on redevelopment for RFL areas/SFHA.
• Address density in High-Risk Areas
• Resilient Guided Growth and Community Rating System (CRS) Plan: think Norfolk; identify areas that when addressed will increase class rating; prepare future flood plain mapping that will impact existing housing settlement patterns.
• Construction Standards/Manuals: technical amendment to FBC to address flood risks, clear design, carrots and sticks
• Tangible equity improvements in overall planning
Hazard Area
Substandard Housing/Mobile Homes Low - Income Households
• Coastal High Hazard Areas (CHHA)
• Floodplains/ Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA)
Elderly Households
• Areas of older housing (homes and rental properties)
• Areas with mobile homes
Persons with a Disability
Regulation and responsibility
• 44 CFR Part 201 requires jurisdictions to have a FEMAapproved LMS Plan to be eligible for Hazard Mitigation
Assistance grant funding
• FAC 27P-22 requires all 67 counties to have a Local Mitigation Strategy Work Group (LMSWG)
• LMS Plans required to be updated every five years
• Updates begin ~18 months prior to expiration
• Involved with the LMSWG and the LMS Update!
• Make sure housing and vulnerable assets are accounted for • Incorporate other planning efforts (FDEP Vulnerability Assessments, Regional Planning Councils, etc.)
• Help LMSWG identify projects that benefit multiple sectors
• LMSWG must add the project to the LMS Project List and prioritize the projects
• LMSWG Chair must provide a signed endorsement letter for HMGP and BRIC grant projects
(map of LMS Plan status)
• Property Acquisition and Demolition
• Property Acquisition and Relocation
• Structure Elevation
• Mitigation Reconstruction
• Dry Floodproofing of Historic Residential Structure
• Generator/Emergency Power Pack Up
• Localized Flood Risk Reduction
• Structural Retrofitting
• Wind Retrofit
• Hazard Mitigation Planning
• Technical Assistance
• Capacity and Capability Building
• Project Scoping and Building Code projects
Flood
Tropical Cyclone
Severe Storm
See FEMA guide, elevate utilities, flood vents, elevate base floor, improve site conditions
See FDEM Guide, seal roof deck, floor to roof reinforcement, reinforce gable ends, replace add shutters, replace doors and windows with hurricane rated, reinforce garage doors. Re-roof with water barriers, inspect soffits and vents- repair and anchor,
Extreme Heat
Install air conditioning, drapes, window film or tinting, weather stripping, insulated double pane windows, prepare appliances for hot weather, generators, make sure windows can open, install screens to allow for open windows and air flow.
Green or cool roofs, cool pavements, increased vegetation and trees,
Wildfires
Understand situation, use fire resistant materials to build, find outdoor water source, create fire-resistant zone around house, designate a room that can be closed off from outside air. Consider Community Mitigation tools. See Climatecheck Wildfire Guide for Homeowners
JURISDICTION
FEDERAL
Guiding Policy/Documents/Plans
Stafford Act
FEMA Core Capabilities
National Disaster Recovery Framework
HUD Consolidated Plan
STATE
Citation
Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, P.L. 93-288 as amended. 42 U.S. Code § 5121. Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2003.
National Preparedness Goal, Second Edition. Department of Homeland Security, September 2015.
National Disaster Recovery Framework, Second Edition. Department of Homeland Security, June 2016.
Code of Federal Regulations, 24 CFR part 91.
HUD CDBG-DR Code of Federal Regulations, 24 CFR part 570.
National Flood Insurance Program
Code of Federal Regulations, 44 CFR, Chapter 1, Subpart B
FDEM-CEMP
FDEM-State Hazard Mitigation Plan
Comprehensive Plan
Sadowski Affordable Housing Act
Florida Building Code
Florida Statutes, § 252.35. (2020)
42 U.S. Code § 5165. Mitigation planning. 2018. Florida Statutes, § 252.3655. (2020)
Florida Statutes, § 163.3177. (2020)
Florida Statutes, Chapter 420 Housing.
Florida Statutes, § 553.73. (2020)
LOCAL
Comprehensive Plan
Local Mitigation Strategy
Local Housing Assistance Plan
Incentive Plan
HUD Consolidated Plan
See Florida Statutes.
Florida Administrative Code, 27P-22.005 Local Mitigation Strategy. 2002.
Florida Administrative Code, 67-37.005 Local Housing Assistance Plans. 2017.
Florida Statutes, § 125.01055 Affordable Housing.
See Code of Federal Regulations.
Green Building Energy Policy Act of 2005, P.L. 109-58. 42 USC §13201 et seq. (2005)
Florida Statutes, § 420.9075 Local housing assistance plans; partnerships.