Summer 2013
Sustainable Urban Retrofit Eden in Cornwall APLD Designers at Their Best in San Jose, Seattle, San Francisco Small Yard Evolution
We Define Landscape Design
www.apld.org
Thanks to all of our 2013 sponsors for your support. We couldn’t do it without you! Summer 2013
Editor Jane Berger, APLD
Executive Director Denise Calabrese
Contributors
Associate Executive Director Lisa Frye
Janine Anderson Eric Gilbey, RLA, ASLA Diane Goldsmith Ellen Johnston, APLD Laurie Mazzella Wickie Rowland Katharine Rudnyk Sabrena Schweyer, FAPLD Terry Sims Anne Weinberger Garth Woodruff Communications Committee Jane Berger, APLD – Chair Jeanne Weber Cathy Carr, APLD Rick Laughlin, APLD Judy Nauseef, FAPLD Patricia St. John, APLD Sharon Turner, APLD
APLD is not responsible for unsolicited freelance manuscripts and photographs. All printed articles and accompanying photos become the copyright of APLD.
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assoced@apld.org
Membership Director Angela Burkett
2013 APLD gold sponsors
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Communications Director Stacy Zimmerman communications@apld.org
Director of Conferences & Events Jen Cramer events@apld.org
Certification Coordinator Kelly Clark certification@apld.org
Bookkeeper Jennifer Swartz finance@apld.org
Office Manager Leona Wagner
2013 APLD silver sponsor
admin@apld.org
Newsletter Editor Amy Bobb
APLDDesignOnline@hotmail.com
Graphic Designer Keith Bell design@apld.org
The Designer is an official publication and member service of the Association of Professional Landscape Designers (APLD), 4305 North Sixth Street, Suite A, Harrisburg, PA 17110. Ph: 717-238-9780 • Fax: 717-238-9985 • www.apld.org Change of mailing address: APLD members should login to their member account at www.apld.org to update any contact information. Non-members and subscribers should e-mail any changes to: communications@apld.org. Advertising: Advertising rates are available by contacting ads@apld.org. Deadlines are Feb. 1, May 1, Aug. 1 and Nov. 1. Disclaimer: Mention of commercial products in this publication is solely for information purposes; endorsement is not intended by APLD. Material does not reflect the opinions or beliefs of APLD.
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Letter from the Editor Lately, we're getting lots of wonderful unsolicited articles from members, and we love to have them, so do keep them coming. If you're wondering what to write about, just take a look at this issue and the Spring issue... and you'll get a good idea of what we like. As an old Michigan girl, I hope you're attending the August Conference. You might want to take a little extra time and explore some other great Michigan sites. Greenfield Village, just outside Detroit in suburban Dearborn, is home to the Henry Ford Museum—where you'll see the greatest collection of historic autos anywhere in the world. Also in the village: a replica of Thomas Edison's workshop, the Wright brothers bicycle shop, the bus that Rosa Parks made famous, the house where Henry Ford was born, the office of Luther Burbank, and much, much more. You could spend an entire day there. (www. thehenryford.org) To the north, you will find Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, one of our GREAT natural landscapes, named by ABC's Good Morning America as "The Most Beautiful Place in America." (www.sleepingbeardunes.com) And just about a three hour drive from Detroit, you might want to take in some drama at the Stratford Festival in Stratford, Ontario. Among this year's features: Noel Coward's Blithe Spirit, The Merchant of Venice, Measure for Measure, Tommy, Fiddler on the Roof and Romeo & Juliet. (www.stratfordfestival.ca) See you in Detroit!
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Jane Berger, APLD 2013 APLD Communications Chair jane@gardendesignonline.com
Cover and Contents Page Photos:
Summer 2013
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Letter from the Editor
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Strong Connections Lead to Success in Residential Design
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Letter from our President
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2013 APLD Board of Directors
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Take the Monrovia Edible Challenge
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Growing Green, Flowing Blue, Pushing Through – APLD in Detroit
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Sustainable Urban Landscape Retrofit
Affordable... Exciting... Different... Important... Inspiring!
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Evolution of a Small Yard
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APLD Flies High at San Francisco Flower and Garden Show
14 APLD Designers Strike Gold at the 2013 Northwest Flower & Garden Show 17 Planting: A New Perspective
by Piet Oudolf and Noel Kingsbury
18 Ethics in Landscape Design 20 “Nature’s Inspiration Garden” in San Jose
APLD Members Collaborate on Sustainable Home Garden Design
37 Journey To Eden
2012 APLD International Landscape Design Gold Award Winner (Residential Design) Paul Connolly, APLD/Sundrea Design Studio, Tucson, Arizona Project Location: Tucson, Arizona Photo Credits: Amy Haskell Photography & Robin Stancliff Photography
Letter from the President How we present our profession and ourselves to the world is something within our control. Our landscapes are big strokes that can speak for themselves on a large scale, but it’s our smaller actions that have the deepest impact. Sharing our love for design and horticulture can open a new world for someone, developing an understanding for the value gardens can bring to their life. Engage a young person in the design process and you will reap great rewards. Share your passion. After all, you probably discovered landscape design because someone shared their passion with you. Gus was so excited that we found a location for a vegetable garden on the side of the house, and that after clearing out some overgrown shrubs, there would be room for raspberries. I was more excited that he asked for yellow raspberries and that I could say yes, we will have them. Sister Vivian wants strawberries but I hope that brazelberries will do, as sometimes, we have to compromise and for now there will be no strawberry patch. In another project, Sarah met me at the greenhouse to select all the key plants for the pots around the pool so her graduation party would be perfect. These small gestures in the landscape are large swaths of influence when we consider the impact we are having on the lives of our client’s children. I have spent a lot of time over the years considering the site, the problems to solve, drainage patterns, privacy concerns and a laundry list of items we review when evaluating a new project. Until recently I had not given much thought to how my work affects the children living with my gardens. To be honest, I paid more attention to the dogs and where they would spend their time. Last summer my granddaughter Ananda was born, and with that event my view of the world changed. Small gestures have greater meaning. Words are important, not just what we say but how we say it. I was reminded how a child’s eyes see the wonder in everything around them.
I met Gus and Vivian last fall and I am afraid they remember far more about that moment than I do. As most days in my life, this was another with far more to do than time to do it. I was focused on what I would find on their property as it was one I had worked on with previous owners. A referral from their Aunt Beth brought me back to look at improving the neglected front landscape. The most memorable part of meeting these two was not the project so much, but the fact that these children found me and what I was doing to be so darned interesting. Even at six and three years old, they knew that ugly old shrubs needed to go away so that something more beautiful could take their place. When I was growing up and deciding upon a career path, landscape design was not a profession that even made my list. I was far more interested in exploring underwater caverns, ancient burial sites or installing great artwork. A life full of discovery and adventure is what I sought and surprisingly, that is just what I found. We work in a field where so much of our success depends upon factors we have no control over such as the weather, marketplace demand, government codes and what the neighborhood expert says should be done instead. Yet with all of this unpredictability, we get up every morning and jump back into the fray, raring to go and change the world, one garden at a time.
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Gus and Vivian’s garden will soon be finished. The vegetable bed is ready for planting with the raspberries awaiting their new home. I already see the fruits of my labor through the joy in their eyes, an improved home front, happy neighbors and hopefully more referrals. The greatest reward was reconnecting to the wonder I first had when I began my career, when each new plant I met was something to behold. From one agent of change to another, find time to share your passion by inviting a child to see the garden through a designer’s eyes.
Marti Neely, APLD 2013 APLD President martineelyapld@gmail.com
2013 Board of Directors Immediate Past President Susan Olinger, APLD Sterling Horticultural Services 110 Bartley Road Flanders, NJ 07836 (973) 252-0600
Chapter Liaison Debby Ruskin, APLD Ruskin Gardens Co. 174 Walter Hays Drive Palo Alto, CA 94303 (650) 853-1665
Membership Committee Chair Dr. Jules Bruck, APLD University of Delaware 152 Townsend Hall Newark, DE 19716 (610) 662-2986
President Marti Neely, APLD DMS Estate Management 9811 Sprague Street Omaha, NE 68134 (402) 630-0050
Advocacy Chair Lisa Port, APLD Banyon Tree Design Studio 3630 Northeast 123rd Street Seattle, WA 98125 (206) 383-5572
Communications Chair Jane Berger, APLD Garden Design Online 474 Woods Hole Road Woods Hole, MA 02543 (202) 723-3605
Sustainability Chair Toni Bailey Gracefully Green, LLC 4 Vallingby Circle Rockville, MD 20850 (301) 279-0234
President-Elect Susan Cohan, APLD Susan Cohan Gardens, LLC 69 Hedges Avenue Chatham, NJ 07928 (973) 665-9260
Awards Committee Chair William Healy, APLD Healy Design, Inc. 4945 Granger Road Akron, OH 44333 (330) 606-3273
Education Chair Vanessa Nagel, APLD Seasons Garden Design LLC 12517 Northeast 20th Avenue Vancouver, WA 98686 (360) 546-2746
Sponsorship Committee Chair Colleen Hamilton, APLD Bloomin’ Landscape Designs 7122 Willey Way Carmichael, CA 95608 (916) 961-0191
Secretary/Treasurer Jock Lewendon, APLD Outdoor Living Spaces, LLC 766 Schoolhouse Lane Bound Brook, NJ 08805 (732) 302-9632
Certification Chair Maryanne Quincy, APLD Q Gardens PO Box 2746 Sunnyvale, CA 94087 (408) 739-5493
International Program Chair Ellen Johnston, APLD ETJ Designs 5543 Wateka Drive Dallas, TX 75209 (469) 628-3321
Technology Committee Chair Greg Morris LandFX Design Group 923 S. Palo Verde Street Mesa, AZ 85208 (480) 389-5110
susan@sterlinghort.com
martineelyapld@gmail.com
susan@susancohangardens.com
jlewendon@msn.com
lisaport@banyontreedesign.com
wmhealy@roadrunner.com
qgardens@sbcglobal.net
debby@ruskingardens.com
jane@gardendesignonline.com
vanessa@seasonsgardendesign.com
etj518@aol.com
jbruck@udel.edu
toni@gracefullygreen.com
colleen@bloominlandscapedesigns.com
greg@landfxdesign.com
Growing Green, Flowing Blue, Pushing Through – APLD in Detroit
Affordable... Exciting... Different... Important... Inspiring! by Ellen Johnston, APLD The new International Program Chair for APLD (me), the fantastic local site committee members, under the leadership of Steven Thoms, APLD, and Jen Cramer, APLD Conference & Events Director, cannot wait for you to experience what we have planned for you at this year’s annual conference in Detroit being held August 2- 4, 2013. We have worked hard for the last year and a half to make this conference
Affordable... Exciting... Different... Important... Inspiring! First, we selected a time of year when many of your businesses experience a lull because of the heat, vacations, etc.
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turkel house
Then we decided to shorten the conference to span a weekend, so if it is difficult for you to get away from work, time is minimized. And we found an incredible hotel with very reasonable rates in the most exciting area of downtown Detroit. The Ren Cen overlooks the Detroit River and its fabulous River Walk.
Different and Exciting? It will be my first time to take a guided city tour on a Segway! How fun is that? We will cover an expanse of downtown’s community gardens, the famous Eastern Market and other architectural stops along the way.
detroit eastern market
A presentation about historical garden restoration at the Freer House promises to be inspiring and educational as well. How do you start a project like this? What research needs to be done? Lots of interesting behind the scenes information will be divulged about this special type of garden design by the principals involved in the ongoing project. In addition, we are reintroducing the DINE AROUND on Sunday Evening. Members will have the opportunity to share a Dutch treat meal and connect with APLD board and committee chair persons. It is your chance to ask questions, express concerns and hopefully pique your interest in serving on a committee or board position. So, please mark your calendars for August 2- 4 (and don’t forget the optional post-conference garden tours on August 5th!). Come to Detroit – a city pushing through some tough times to make a comeback. Detroit is focused on great design, sustainability, green spaces, sensitivity to the past, a concern for its citizens and is striving to improve its quality of life for everyone. Registration is OPEN ONLINE at www.apld.org. Please visit the APLD Facebook page to find possible roommates for the conference.
Inspiring and Important?
I hope to see you in August!
One of the gardens we will see is at the Turkel House, one of only two designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in the Usonian Automatic style. Norman Silk and Dale Morgan, the homeowners, are very eager to have us visit AND they have graciously agreed to open up their home to us to experience the garden in the way FLW intended. How great is that?! Upon learning the conference was going to be in Detroit, Steven and I heard from many members who were interested in going to Detroit Garden Works, owned by Debra Silvers, an APLD member. Well, not only will we have time for retail therapy at her shop, two of her gardens are on tour! Even though they were covered in snow when I saw them in March, I was still inspired by the great bones and design.
Ellen Johnston is APLD International Program Chair.
Ellen Johnston, APLD
Friday, August 2nd: Optional Tour and Opening Ceremonies Hosted at the Detroit Marriott at the Renaissance Center, the tallest all-hotel skyscraper in the Western Hemisphere Architectural and landscape tour of Downtown Detroit via Segways Opening Ceremony and Awards Presentation at 42o North overlooking the International Riverfront
Saturday, August 3rd: Conference Education Walking Tour of the RiverWalk and the Milliken State Park, the only urban state park Hear from the founding chair of the Green Roofs for Healthy Cities, Dr. Brad Rowe Experience APLD's new partner in watershape design education, Genesis 3 Meet internationally recognized water garden designer and author, Anthony Archer-Wills Sponsor and Exhibitor Showcase
Sunday, August 4th: Northwest Suburbs Platinum LEED and SITES pilot program landscape of the Kresge Foundation Headquarters Expansive residential landscape by APLD Member and award winner, Patrick Zaremba Lakeshore restoration project by Certified Natural Shoreline Professional, Jeffrey White Lunch at the National Historic Landmark Cranbrook House and Gardens Retail therapy at the Detroit Garden Works, one of Garden Design magazine's top 25 garden stores Dine Around opportunity to learn about APLD committees and volunteer opportunities
Monday, August 5th: Post Conference - Detroit and the Grosse Pointes Private access to ASLA Award Winning DTE Energy Corporate Headquarters Visit the gardens of the Frank Lloyd Wright designed Usonian style Turkel House Landscape restoration efforts of the Charles Lang Freer House in Midtown Exclusive admintance to gardens on Lake St. Clair by APLD members Deborah Silver and Mildred Hurley Lunch at the Jens Jensen designed Edsel and Eleanor Ford House gardens Sustainable site of the world's largest integrated factory and its 10.4 acres of green roof View the innovation and revitalization of the Ford Rouge Roof For more information, please visit the conference event page at www.apld.org.
The APLD Hot-Air Balloon Touches Down. (Photo by Jude Parkinson-Morgan)
APLD Flies High at San Francisco Flower and Garden Show by Anne Weinberger, Professional Member, APLD
When I signed up with five other members of APLD California’s East Bay District to create a display at the entrance to the San Francisco Flower and Garden Show, it was the beginning of a creative odyssey none of us will ever forget. The APLD exhibit was the first garden creation viewed by tens of thousands of visitors as they entered the show. A thrilling opportunity, yet the challenges were many.
Here was our program:
• Showcase the creativity—and the name of APLD—in a design that would celebrate the show’s theme: Gardens Make the World Go Round • Save resources by reusing the six-foot-diameter metal globe fabricated for last year’s event... transformed into anything but a globe. • Create an eye-catching center display and a pair of dramatic, colorful gardens to flank it—in mid-March. • Make everything waterproof. • Build a mock-up of the entire construction off-site and be able to rebuild it in a matter of hours outside the busy show entrance.
The garden show team, from left: Linda Middleton, Kathleen Olson, Janet Cohen , Anne Weinberger, Alison Fleck and Jeann ie Fitch (Photo by Patricia St. John)
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Our first priority was a concept for repurposing that enormous globe. What else is huge, round and evokes the notion of aroundthe-world travel? A hot-air balloon! Thus began the metamorphosis of the rusty orb with its vertical “longitude” bars and broad “equator” band. Over a period of eight weeks, the team designed and built (with plenty of help) a 12-foottall hot-air balloon, complete with handmade woven basket, luxurious bunting and sandbags that made a soft landing in a nomow meadow against a lush Podocarpus gracilior forest. To give the balloon a truly garden-esque flair, we festooned it with enormous painted-metal flowers custom-made by an artisan in Mexico and hand-painted by his importer in Arizona. Looking for other ways to reuse materials, we painted an old electrical conduit a leafy green and bent it into twining stems and tendrils. The globe was painted a deep magenta and a chartreuse banner was wrapped around its center, reading “Landscape Design . . . The Sky’s the Limit!” Custom-made flowers sprout from vines made of old metal conduit. (Photo by Jude Parkinson-Morgan)
The APLD logo adorned the front of the planter, and a beautiful collage of landscape drawings ran along the length of both sides. Further reinforcing our work as designers, the balloon’s basket held a collection of giant rolls of paper “landscape plans.” How did we keep the weighty sphere aloft? We used highly skilled metalsmiths to weld it to a topple-proof stand, which became the framework for our basket (made of cardboard and landscaping burlap). Now, however, the construction was 12 feet tall and considerably heavier, so moving it required at least six well-toned bodies.
All-foliage display packs in plenty of color. (Photo by Alison Fleck)
Thank goodness for the side planters that only required our planting-plan prowess. Driven by plants that would be most dependably spectacular in March, we opted to go for a flower-free display. It turned out to be a marvelous—and liberating—design decision. Our wonderful wholesale nursery, Devil Mountain, had a delicious bounty of giant Aeonium ‘Chocolate,’ Lomandra ‘Breeze,’ Phormium ‘Guardsman,’ Euphorbia ‘Ascot Rainbow’ and Hebe ‘Wiri Blush.’ Their combined shades of burgundy, chartreuse, fuchsia and deep purple became the color scheme of the two flanking planters, which we anchored with a lush Eriobotrya deflexa. The crew eases the balloon into position. (Photo by Jude Parkinson-Morgan)
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The Designer Call for Submissions APLD’s Communications Committee is always looking for submissions to The Designer and article ideas to keep the content of our publication relevant to the landscape design industry.
The next deadline for article submission is November 1, 2013 for the Winter issue. The team installing no-mow and tall grasses.(Photo by Jude Parkinson-Morgan)
The finishing touch to our display came in the form of two streamlined, heated, concrete benches, called Helios Lounges, loaned from Galanter & Jones. It was a perfect pairing. The garden displays brought visitors up close, and the warm seats made them never want to leave. By the time it was all over, more than two dozen APLD volunteers from throughout the Bay Area districts stepped up to give our crew a hand, and numerous local sponsors generously contributed their time and materials. Taking down our creation was a bittersweet experience. We could all go back to our lives, but we’d miss the camaraderie we’d built during our three-month odyssey. However, there is one part of the show that lives on even today. Is anyone interested in buying a magenta hot-air balloon?
San Francisco Flower & Garden Show Team Janet Cohen Alison Fleck Kathleen Olson
Jeannie Fitch Linda Middleton Anne Weinberger
Anne Weinberger is a writer and owner of Anne Weinberger Garden Design in Piedmont, CA. Anne’s landscape designs take advantage of the spectacular variety of Mediterranean-climate plants that thrive in the San Francisco East Bay. She creates people-friendly gardens that are a happy marriage of sustainability and style.
Anne Weinberger, Professional Member, APLD
Feature articles can range anywhere between 500 to 1500 words and can be about a unique project, an interesting problem or a design inspiration and philosophy—really, it can be anything you think your fellow designers would want to read about. Have you written an article for another magazine? Feel free to tweak that article a little and submit a slightly different version for The Designer. If you have an article that you would like to submit for inclusion in The Designer, send an e-mail to the editor, Jane Berger, at jane@gardendesignonline.com and copy Stacy Zimmerman (APLD Communications Director) at communications@apld.org, or feel free to call the office at 717-238-9780 to speak with our communications staff. Before submitting an article, please take a look at this writer’s checklist for instructions and deadlines. Please also read over these writing guidelines as well. Help us make your magazine even better by being a contributing writer yourself!
APLD Designers Strike Gold at the 2013 Northwest Flower & Garden Show by Janine Anderson, Professional Member, APLD
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The Northwest Flower & Garden Show (NWFGS), the second largest garden show in the United States, celebrated its Silver Anniversary in February 2013. For 25 years, show attendees have transcended winter upon entering the cold and cavernous exhibit area of the Washington State Convention Center in Seattle and taking in the jaw-dropping gardens displayed therein. In honor of its Silver Anniversary, the theme for the 2013 show was “The Silver Screen Takes Root.… Gardens Go Hollywood.” Because garden concepts get their thumbs-up (or otherwise) from the show’s owners and staff about eight months before show time, garden designers were already brainstorming concepts in the spring of 2012. This year, APLD members were the primary or co-designers for four of the 24 display gardens. Every garden designed by APLD members earned the highest award—a gold medal—and two of these gardens were also honored with additional special-recognition awards. Judging criteria included plant color, bloom and design; the built environment, art and accessories; and execution of the show theme. Two other APLD members entered the container design competition—Nancy Claire Guth won “Best Re-characterization” and Susan Stroh won “Best Small Space Design.” Many other APLD members from the Northwest and nation-wide played prominent roles at the garden show as speakers, and APLD president-elect Susan Cohan, APLD, served as one of the three display garden judges.
APLDWA Gold-Medal Gardens The Association of Professional Landscape Designers Washington State Chapter:
“Audrey’s Roman Holiday”
“Audrey’s Roman Holiday” was designed for APLDWA by Susie Thompson, APLD, Leanne Goulding and Shelley Retchless. I participated in the earliest idea sessions, when concepts were flying and films screened in Leanne’s living room. The Mediterranean setting incorporated visual touchstones from the 1952 film, including a lion’s head fountain and a classic Vespa. A custom metal gate and metal wall hangings were among the artistic pieces that conveyed the atmosphere of mid–20th-century Italy.
Detail of “Audrey’s Roman Holiday.” (Photo by Leanne Goulding)
California landscape designer and garden writer Susan Morrison wrote in her blog: “By far my favorite garden was [Audrey’s] Roman Holiday by the Washington Chapter of APLD. While the whole garden was well laid out, it was the sophisticated use of color in the plant palette that I found both engaging and inspiring…. The tapestry of deep, blue-violets and blue-greens [was] mesmerizing.”
Completed garden. (Photo by Michael Walmsley Photography)
Knee deep in sawdust and mulch, volunteers lay out curved walkway for “Audrey’s Roman Holiday.” (Photo by Leanne Goulding)
Designers Shelley Retchless, Susie Thompson, APLD, and Leanne Goulding smile upon completing “Audrey’s Roman Holiday.” (Photo by Leanne Goulding)
Plan view of design for “Audrey’s Roma
n Holiday.” (Created by Leanne Gould
ing)
Barbara Lycett Landscape Design:
“Jardin Noir – Film Noir Style in a Modern Garden” Barbara Lycett, APLD, is no stranger to the garden show, having co-designed display gardens on four previous occasions, three of them for APLDWA. This year, Barbara chose to design her own garden without support from a sponsoring organization. The advantage of this is total control over the design—no committee is involved. The drawback is that the garden creator is on the hook for everything. There’s a lot to coordinate, and it’s an incredible amount of back-breaking labor and a big financial commitment. In “Jardin Noir,” Barbara created a black-and-white celluloid world, where a dark and gritty atmosphere was enhanced by imaginative use of light, shadow and plant selections. Tributes to film noir were everywhere—the urban setting with extensive use of repurposed metal and a formal living area with dark motifs (large, imposing fireplace; Venetian blinds; mirrors casting grids of moody light). Blue-toned plants were punctuated with arrangements of dark and light plants; touches of red were added to suggest a plot twist.
Detail of “Jardin Noir.” (Photo by Marc Carter Photography)
Repurposed metal and other gritty elements darken the mood in “Jardin Noir.” (Photo by Marc Carter Photography)
In addition to a gold medal, Barbara was honored with the “X Factor” award. This special recognition award was added in 2013 to recognize the garden that best captures the imagination of the next generation of garden designers, as judged by recent graduates from regional horticulture programs. Barbara did find that her garden, along with an excellent slide show explaining how the pieces of the design fit together, had an especially strong appeal to people under 50 years of age.
Washington Park Arboretum:
“A Hobbit’s New Zealand Garden” Professional member Phil Wood also is no stranger to the garden show. Phil has now designed 14 display gardens for the show, either for sponsoring organizations or for his own company, Phil Wood Garden Design. Because a re-created New Zealand forest is opening at the arboretum this year, plants native to New Zealand, where “The Hobbit” and “The Lord of the Rings” trilogy were filmed, were featured.
Well-crafted hobbit house and lush New Zealand plantings contributed to the success of “A Hobbit’s New Zealand Garden.” (Photo courtesy of Niall Dunne/Arboretum Foundation)
Detail of “A Hobbit’s New Zealand Garden.” (Photo courtesy of Niall Dunne/Arboretum Foundation)
What a success the garden turned out to be! The hobbit house charmed, and the plant palette thrilled. The garden’s success was evidenced in the awards it garnered. In addition to a gold medal, the garden earned five special recognition awards: the Ethel Moss People’s Choice Award (favorite garden as voted by the public), Fred Palmer Garden Creator’s Award (the garden voted most accomplished by fellow garden creators), Pacific Horticulture Magazine Society Award (garden that best demonstrates the regional nature of garden design, as judged by representatives of Pacific Horticulture magazine), Sunset Western Living Award (garden most filled with fresh, useful, achievable ideas that enhance outdoor living in the West, as judged by editors of Sunset magazine), and the 425 Magazine Editor’s Choice Award (garden that dazzles thanks to smart design, creativity and originality, as judged by editors of 425 Magazine).
Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association:
“Living Amongst the Stars” The garden was the feature presentation in professional member Heidi Skievaski’s design for the Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association. I can picture her “intimate garden for two—perfect for a celebrity couple attempting to escape the prying eyes of the paparazzi” at an iconic home in the Hollywood Hills. Labeled a “glamorous garden escape,” Heidi’s garden featured drool-worthy contemporary elements, many of them custom-made for the show—stainless steel spa, cabana, sculpture, new-to-the-market
Contemporary design elements in “Living Amongst the Stars.” (Photo by Gina Mazzaferro)
plank-like concrete (Stepstone) pavers with an irregular edge jutting out over falling water, classy concrete loungers that inspired the design and much more. The starker hardscape elements were softened by lush, masterfully-assembled plantings. Despite the glitz, the underlying message of the garden was thoughtful: Even in the most private of gardens, we all look up at the same stars and are part of the same infinite universe.
Planting detail in “Living Amongst the Stars.” (Photo by Gina Mazzaferro)
What a Show! The NWFGS is a huge undertaking. About 150 dump-truck loads of sawdust and mulch, along with 280,000 pounds of rock, are delivered to the show floor. Trucks travel the West Coast bringing plants for the show. More than 300 theatrical lighting instruments are hung from the warehouse-like ceiling above the gardens.
Some of the more memorable moments are whimsical. At the APLDWA garden, everyone named Audrey introduced themselves to garden docents. One visitor to the garden of Barbara Lycett, APLD, was fascinated by how perfectly the nearby hobbit house was reflected in the mirror over the fireplace in “Jardin Noir.”
For the designers, the months-long juggling process of designing, procuring, marketing, installing, maintaining and deconstructing a display garden has both high and low points. The lowest moment for Leanne Goulding, codesigner of the APLDWA garden, was when the area taped on the show floor was smaller than the area on her plan. The biggest challenge for Susie Thompson, APLD, was placing the Vespa in the garden without destroying meticulously arranged plantings. There’s always some dissatisfaction with the judges’ comments, and sometimes the unrelenting effort causes injury or illness. The gardens are built in three days, and those days can be very long and fraught with setbacks—water features leaking onto the show floor being one of the more common and vexing.
The garden show is a gift to Puget Sound residents and those who visit from other places, especially places where signs of spring are still months away. The display gardens are the heart of the show and would not exist were it not for the generosity of the designers who create them. But the designers benefit, too. As Phil Wood put it: “Doing the garden show is like running away and joining the circus, reuniting with my circus family every year.” For Phil and the other APLDWA designers, the show is a gift for them, too.
A high point for all the APLD designers had to be arriving at their gardens the night of the preview party and seeing a gold medal, plus one or more additional awards for two of the designers. For some, the months of hard work only made the show more magical. Landscape designers relish the design process—drafting, problem-solving, refining—and the show offers them a blank slate to create something from nothing. They enjoy appreciative people who take time to study their gardens, and they love working with the show staff and kibitzing with other designers. Leanne Goulding found herself intoxicated by the organic smell of the gardens—the mix of compost, sawdust, plants, moss and rocks.
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Janine Anderson, a Seattle area landscape designer and garden writer, has designed one display garden for the NWFGS. In 2008, “Sommarstuga,” the garden she created for the Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association, won a gold medal, the Founder’s Cup (“best in show”), and the Sunset Western Living Award.
Janine Anderson, Professional Member, APLD
Planting: A New Perspective
by Piet Oudolf and Noel Kingsbury (Timber Press, 2013) review by Adam Woodruff, Professional Member, APLD In this highly anticipated new book, the authors explore planting design for the 21st century. Specifically, a new, emerging planting design based on intermingling combinations: that is, the mixing or blending of species, as opposed to using blocks or groups.
Of additional note: - Oudolf’s work emphasizes a plant’s visual character (or structure) and its behavior over time. Color is less important. The pair developed new language to categorize plants by form, defining the relationship between the stem and the leaf. A very exciting innovation!
Piet Oudolf has clearly perfected the art of intermingling as evidenced by pages of stunning images. His worldwide commissions are complex, multi-layered, living tapestries that evoke a feeling of nature and illustrate his intimate knowledge of plants. The success of Oudolf’s innovative planting schemes for the High Line and Battery Park in New York City, the Lurie Garden at Millennium Park in Chicago, and commissions in Europe as well as his own private garden in the Netherlands, have made him one of the most highly regarded and indemand designers of our time.
- A plant directory lists the majority of plants used by Oudolf, plus a selection suitable for maritime climates with mild winters (238 total). It includes categories you would expect to find: plant name, height, spread, flower season, zone, etc. and also includes new categories: foliage/architecture, period of structural interest, longevity, spreading ability, persistence, self-sowing/seeding and helpful notes.
- Kingsbury’s research at Sheffield University and Oudolf’s 35 years of experience informs a chapter on long-term performance, including a plant’s ability to spread and seed.
While Oudolf’s work is the primary focus, the book includes some material about other practitioners who are working with plant combinations in exciting new ways. In closing, it is unusual for a practicing designer to publicly share their design process in such detail. It’s a welcome gift for those of us interested in naturalistic planting design and a testament to Piet Oudolf’s generosity. Adam Woodruff is the owner of Adam Woodruff & Associates of Marblehead, MA.
Planting: A New Perspective is Oudolf’s fourth collaboration with Dr. Noel Kingsbury and brings together their considerable knowledge of plants, plant ecology and design. Kingsbury is well known internationally in the field of horticulture. He is a garden designer, commentator, former nursery owner and author of some 20 books. The release of this book marks a watershed moment. We are offered substantially greater insight into Piet Oudolf’s design process. Using original planting plans, the authors explain in detail how Oudolf creates his gardens and landscapes. I have toured many of Oudolf’s gardens in Europe and the US, studied his plans when available, and on two occasions made a pilgrimage of sorts to visit with him in the Netherlands in an effort to understand how he composes such extraordinary environments. The content in this book is extremely valuable in that some of it was only previously accessible through direct conversations with Oudolf. Just as with other books written by the pair, I encourage reading this book slowly and allowing time to absorb the concepts and to study the photos and designs.
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Ethics in Landscape Design by Garth Woodruff, Professional Member, APLD
December 2, 2001: Enron declared bankruptcy, tumbling from its peak net worth of about 70 billion dollars. The ensuing scandal ushered in what would be a decade of big business, financial and ethical blunderings in the news. The housing market peak somewhere in 2006 was a symptom of that same kind of corporate and personal greed. California boasted that over half of its new loans were interest only. These same loans that were getting AAA ratings were then gobbled up by “safe investors” like overseas interests and retirement investment funds. The fallout was marked by much more than just the worst housing crash in U.S. history. September 26, 2008 marked the biggest bank failure in U.S. history. By the end of that same year, over three million foreclosures had taken place. When housing credit froze in the summer of 2007, we watched as things deteriorated rapidly. My firm functioned primarily as a residential design build organization, and with little to no diversification in longer-term commercial projects or maintenance, we immediately began to feel the effects. In the fall of ’07, and after over a decade of business, I had a customer say, “Yes, I owe you $30,000, but I can’t get a loan and I don’t have the money.” No matter if you ran a good business or not, the impact of the financial crisis had an effect on you. My company, and many like mine, started to make massive cutbacks. Employees were let go, systems were changed and a new paradigm was afoot. I watched as many well-respected companies slipped under. Landscape design is a luxury for most people, and our little company closed almost 20% down in both ’07 and ‘08. We had a strong loyal customer base and found ourselves lucky in a region much less affected than many. We pressed on learning from the experience. However, much of our industry, so connected to housing, continued to reel in the economic struggle. While our industry asked these questions (of what, why, or how), big business was doing the same. The result was a great deal of talk about business ethics. Many of these businesses that failed did so because they were betting on risky investments and making their portfolios look good at the surface while hiding millions of mistakes and financial delinquencies behind corporate curtains. CEOs were walking away with ungodly amounts of money while a struggling work force watched their meager retirement disappear. I personally have struggled with this topic of ethics and business as it relates to landscape design. Our industry is mostly made up of small businesses, and more often than not, we find ourselves far outside the reaches of big business ethics. We are lovers of the land and environment and not only have the love of nature in our blood but are realistic about the fact that nature is our livelihood. After the fallout of one of the biggest business blunders in history, how do we as an industry react? In a trade where ethics can be usurped by quality relationships, does ethics apply? What is business ethics? How do I share it with my students or you with your employees? I teach landscape design at Andrews University, and I came to some personal conclusions about these relationships after a purposeful journey in thought and reading. John Maxwell wrote a book entitled There’s No Such Thing As “Business” Ethics. His philosophy is that there are only personal ethics and that people run businesses accordingly. He concludes that the market crash wasn’t because corporations were corrupt, but rather because of a failure of personal ethics among corporate leaders. That philosophy puts all of us individually on the line. Designers, in big companies or small, must examine their own ethics. Maxwell and many others offer a simple way to define ethical behavior. It's called The Golden Rule, and it easily applies to us as designers. How? Our interaction through the design process is littered with ethical dilemmas. Surely we still need to treat our employees well and to treat nature with respect. Many of us also interact with clients who are spending tens or hundreds of thousands of dollars
to improve their homes and create personal spaces where they find solace, comfort, and a place to raise or nurture a family. We aren’t just being invited into their homes as guests, but as experts and professionals. We are the liaison between beauty and people who don't have the ability or time to create such spaces by themselves. We are also business owners who need to make a living and at times to provide employment to others. As designers or installers, we may have our own favorite plants or garden accessories. We may want to create our own "brand" of design. Many of us want to be creative artists, but we are also sales people touting our wares. And that creates a deep ethical dilemma. How are we as an industry dealing with such critical interactions? I’ve been working on some research with the design process and teaching the client interview in my classes, and I’ve come to notice a trend. Some believe that architects and designers are often creating monuments to self. Landscape designers straddle between plantaholics, contractors and artists. Although the customer provides us with the means to create – through their checkbooks – sometimes little attention is given to their needs. All of our current college texts that cover the design process give, at best, limited training in client interaction. In my firm, seldom did staff meetings incorporate true client needs. What do our clients really feel about the landscape and their home? We need to consider not just color choices and patio samples, but delve into more personal questioning: Where do they come from? What makes them comfortable in a space and why? How does that impact my design, and, as designers, what are the main priorities and how do we create a good balance between designer, psychologist and income producer? From the smoke of that collision rises ethics in our industry. We have an ethical responsibility to put our clients' wants and needs above our own. If the golden rule, or something like it, were our guide, we, as the client, would expect that kind of respect in return. I would even take it one step further. Ethics should be a part of our design
communication. It’s more than just listening to a client, but being able to decipher the unspoken and find the “meaning behind the meaning.” Design ethics is taking the extra time and asking the extra questions with only the client in mind. If a design goes in poorly or the client springs “new needs” on us halfway through the process, it’s our fault. We are hired as the experts and we are expected to be the professionals in the relationship. The banking industry is now living with an ugly stigma, something we want to avoid. If landscape designers are seen as advocates for customers and trusted professionals, our creative tasks would be much easier and our profession would garner much more respect. If we were our customers, how much better would we feel knowing that the number one goal of the relationship was beauty for us in spite of money?
Garth Woodruff teaches in the Department of Agriculture, Andrews University, St. Joseph, MI. garthwoodruff.com
Garth Woodruff, Professional Member, APLD
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“Nature’s Inspiration Garden” in San Jose
APLD Members Collaborate on Sustainable Home Garden Design by Diane Goldsmith, Professional Member, APLD Two thirsty sections of Kentucky bluegrass were recently transformed into a water-wise demonstration garden at the Guadalupe Courtyard Gardens in San Jose. At the grand opening of “Nature’s Inspiration Garden” on September 22, 2012, the designers—Kim Leichner of San Jose and Diane Goldsmith of Orinda—met to discuss and celebrate their collaboration. Both are members of APLD, as is Sherri Osaka, a landscape architect and native plant specialist, who created the construction drawings for the project from the designers’ preliminary plans and supervised the installation of hardscape and plantings. Leichner and Goldsmith were chosen to design the gardens because of their winning entries in a contest sponsored by the Environmental Services Department of San Jose in February of 2011. Diane Goldsmith, then a student in landscape design at Merritt College, saw a notice about the contest in an APLD newsletter. “I decided I had to try for this. I was excited about the chance to put some of my education and ideas to work in the real world.” Kim Leichner learned about the contest in the midst of preparing a garden installation for the San Francisco Flower and Garden Show while finishing her landscape architecture degree at West Valley College. Goldsmith and Leichner first met on a rainy day in March 2011 when they made a visit to the location for first impressions and an analysis of the site. The weather was bad that day—it was pouring down rain. Sanhita Ghosal, from the Environmental Services Department for the city of San Jose and the manager of the project, carried an umbrella. She walked the designers through the park to the plots of turf that were destined to become gardens. The city’s goal was to demonstrate to San Jose homeowners possible sustainable alternatives to a lawn in front of the house. Kim Leichner’s winning design, called Cafe Garden, features a location for a table and seating area in the midst of a dense and layered planting of California natives. The most challenging part of the design, according to Leichner, was working with so many city agencies. “The city had many special interest groups involved with this process,” she says. “It was a challenge and a learning experience to combine all their specialty concerns into a workable and aesthetic solution.”
Diane Goldsmith’s Planometric drawing of the conceptual design for “Nectar Garden.”
Providing a habitat for pollinators was the motivating idea behind Diane Goldsmith’s design. The native plants in Diane’s Nectar Garden attract bees, butterflies and hummingbirds. The big idea for both designers is that gardens that mimic nature are more sustainable. By planting the right plants in the right places, using only California natives, the designers were able to demonstrate a garden that needs no added fertilizers or pesticides to remain healthy. The gardens also feature different types of mulch, which functions to keep down weeds and to improve moisture content. The different mulch textures and colors in the gardens give homeowners some idea of the choices available to them. Sherri Osaka took the lead in specifying different types of permeable surfaces used in the hardscape— including pavers, permeable concrete, flagstone set in sand and decomposed granite surfaces—all of which positively impact the amount of water that can infiltrate back into the soil and watershed. The project in San Jose received funding from the 2011 Department of Pesticide Regulation Alliance Grant. In addition, these gardens received the Santa Clara Valley Water District’s landscape rebate for replacing lawn with drought-tolerant plantings. By replacing lawns, homeowners can do a lot for the environment. They can help improve the water quality in the area. The intense overhead watering required by lawns is a major contributor to runoff. Add to that the use of fertilizers and pesticides to keep lawns healthy and green and it is easy to see why lawns contribute to the toxic levels of water in local creek, streams and rivers.
Kim Leighner’s conceptual drawing of “Cafe Garden” adapted to a front yard.
The gardens also provide visitors with a self-guided tour. Signs around the gardens explain key principles and how they can be applied in a homeowner’s yard: • Develop healthy soil using compost and mulch • Water wisely • Use chemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers responsibly • Select the right plants and plant them in the right places • Slow the flow of storm water • Conserve resources PDF versions of the planting plans are available for download online at www.grpg.org/naturesinspirationgardens. This includes a planting plan, a plant list with common and botanical plant names and a list of sustainable gardening principles, as highlighted in the signage. Free fact sheets on sustainable gardening and design concept sheets that show ideas for various sizes and shapes of yards are available at the Guadalupe River Park Conservancy visitor center. The city has also prepared plans to incorporate these gardens in a typical San Jose home. The center is located at 438 Coleman Avenue in San Jose, (408) 298-7657. Given the large number of lawns within the San Jose city limits, getting residents to learn about alternatives and take action to change their long-standing habits promises the biggest rewards in terms of cleaner water, greater habitat for insects and birds, and a richer appreciation of how connected we all are to the environment in which we live.
Diane Goldsmith, Sanita Ghosal, and Kim Leichner on the Opening Day of “Nature’s Inpsiration Garden” in San Jose. Kim Leichner (APLD Member, California Chapter - Peninsula District) has a residential design practice that is built around the idea that there are always solutions to a challenge. She encourages sustainable and water-wise landscape solutions and has won awards at the San Francisco Flower and Garden Show 2011 as part of a four-person design team. Contact: 408910-3198, kim@KLDesigns.Biz, www.KLDesigns.Biz. Diane Goldsmith (APLD Member, California Chapter - East Bay District) is a designer with a special interest in creating gardens that conserve water. She is a QWEL (Qualified Water Efficiency Landscaper) designer with broad experience in growing and maintaining a low-water garden. Contact: 925-766-7439, diane@sqmoon.net. Sherri Osaka (APLD Member, California Chapter - Peninsula District) is principle designer of Sustainable Landscape Design. She is a licensed landscape architect, a Bay-Friendly Qualified Designer, and a Green Building Professional. Her focus is on non-toxic, reusable local materials; drought-tolerant plantings; and the latest technologies in drip, gray water, and rainwater harvesting. Sherri’s goal is to create beautiful landscapes that are easy on the planet. Contact Sherri at www.sustainable-landscape.com.
Diane Goldsmith, Professional Member, APLD
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Strong Connections Lead to Success in Residential Design By Eric Gilbey, RLA, ASLA, Professional Member APLD
Profiled Firm: Newton Landscape Group Location: Baton Rouge, Louisiana Newton Landscape Group (NLG), a small design/build firm located in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, has a simple strategy for maintaining long-lasting client relationships: retaining a personal feel coupled with forming deep connections with customers in order to fulfill their most desired landscape wants and needs. NLG was founded by principal landscape architect Peter Newton, ASLA, in 1990. NLG’s projects are largely personal in nature— focused on the residential market—and the firm’s overarching objective is to make sure customers will not only use, but also enjoy their outdoor spaces to the fullest. The NLG team connects with their clients and, as a result, the clients connect with the designs. The firm believes that these connections are essential to successfully conceptualize each project. View of the lake at Rubicon Park
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The pool’s edge at the Turkey Creek Residence
Conquering the Louisiana Terrain A classic example of the firm’s work is the “Turkey Creek Residence.” This 12-acre estate is located just outside Baton Rouge in a private conservation community, surrounded by large lakes and a rich wildlife population. The clients originally approached the firm with a proposed master plan for their home and conceived the project’s design to be “a meeting of sky and water.” From the initial meeting until it was completed, the project spanned more than five years.
The “negative-edge” pool gives the illusion of flowing into the lake
“It’s pretty flat here, and when we do have any amount of grade it definitely makes it more interesting for us,” said Seth RodewaldBates, ASLA, a landscape architect at NLG. “We came up with different solutions, both with and without the pool. Vectorworks allowed us to create several quick studies in section to help us look at the grade and see how the lines were going to work out from the house. The software allowed us to quickly develop those ideas.” The proposed location and positioning of the pool and terrace provide spectacular views of the lake and woods. In order to enhance these views and maintain a strong visual connection with the landscape, NLG used site modifiers within the Vectorworks program to simulate a reshaped edge of the lake within the project’s site model to create the illusion that the pool was flowing directly into it. The team used 3D views available in the application to make sure there was a water-to-water view from the house. During this part of the construction process, Rodewald-Bates said, the software also aided with accuracy and saved time when performing estimations. “Since we are a design/build company, the ability to quickly go from construction documents into quantity take-offs has made a noticeable difference in the accuracy and speed of our estimation process,” he said.
Final product of the “negative-edge” pool
The design plan was to add modern features to the property’s existing elements, which included a quiet pond, hundreds of feet of lakefront, a horse stable, and a pasture, in an attempt to fuse a highend, elegant style with the natural beauty of the rural landscape. One of the challenges presented on this project was the need to conquer several feet of elevation change on the back of the site. To remedy the elevation problem, while also adhering to the client’s request for a pool and terrace, NLG used the Vectorworks® Landmark software to build a negative-edge pool on the back property. The program’s Site Model feature helped the landscape architects see the significant grades of the terrain, and this visualization tool made apparent what they needed to accomplish to achieve their desired effect.
With the help of the architecture firm Montgomery-Waguespack Architects, other features were added, such as screened porches to keep out insects and a cabana for shelter from the strong winds that move across the property. During the construction of large residential projects such as this, clear communication between the landscape architects and client is always essential. The Vectorworks software allowed the landscape architects to easily share information with their clients, coworkers, and the project’s architects. Specifically, when collaborating with Montgomery Waguespack Architects, Newton found it very simple to exchange DWG and PDF files between the firms, even though the architecture firm used a different CAD software program. “The graphic output of Vectorworks is far superior,” said RodewaldBates. “A better drawing makes it easier to communicate with the contractors.”
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The initial landscape was lifeless and flat with no visual appeal, so NLG first created a site model with the Vectorworks application and used site modifiers to create “landforms” to revamp the park’s lackluster landscape. These landforms not only improved the park’s flat terrain, but also served as natural safeguards to protect pedestrians from passing traffic. The landscape architects added a railroad crossing to allow Rubicon employees unrestricted access to the park. In order to ensure this aspect of the park would be preserved, NLG designed retention ponds to naturally clean up the excess water that accumulates due to runoff from storms, and the result provided areas for wildlife to flourish. NLG continued to reconstruct the area of the nearby lake and added a fountain spouting water from its center, new plant life surrounding the lake, and a gazebo overlooking the water.
The cabana of Turkey Creek along the pool and spa
This award-winning park was a result of NLG’s 15-year relationship with Rubicon Industries. The finished product was one of the first chemical plants in the region to improve its outdoor environment, and Rubicon Park has been cited in several Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) reports for its quality and overall improvement. Today, the park is occupied regularly by Rubicon employees, demonstrating the importance of landscape architects within communities.
Award-Winning Design In 1992, NLG won the Louisiana Chapter of the American Society of Landscape Architects Merit Award for their “McMains Residence” design, and the firm won another in 2004 for “Rubicon Park,” an industrial park located just south of Baton Rouge along the Mississippi River. The Rubicon Park that exists today began as a vision of the leaders at Rubicon Industries to improve the company’s outdoor work environment by providing a calm, relaxing, and eye-catching location for Rubicon employees to enjoy. Since the park naturally borders Rubicon’s main entrance, the property’s new identity was inspired by an influx of color, plant life, and inherent Louisiana beauty. Prior to construction, access to the park was very limited and undesirable due to the unsightly chemical firms adjacent to the property, as well as the accumulation of stagnant storm water, untamed grass, and weed growth. The entire area was also dominated by vehicle traffic, making it nearly impossible for pedestrians to safely pass through. Front of the Turkey Creek residence
A Total Design Solution Newton has been using design software at his firm since the mid-1990s, when he started with MiniCAD®, the precursor to the Vectorworks program. Rodewald-Bates said he prefers using Vectorworks as opposed to alternate CAD solutions because of its efficiency and ease. “Vectorworks allows a lot more flexibility as far as reproducing and making changes,” he said, “it’s a lot easier than trying to cut out little pieces and paste them back together, like in a hand drawing. It’s also much easier to keep track of data than having a flat file as your only source for drawings.”
View of the road at Rubicon Park
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The firm has found it easy to integrate the application with other software packages, such as Google SketchUp®. A residential project designed by NLG, “The Tupelo Residence,” was drafted using both the SketchUp and Vectorworks programs. Like the Turkey Creek project, this site’s natural landscape had large changes in elevation, and it provided a difficult
NLG has continued to discover the benefits of integrating Vectorworks software into its workflows. “We still do a lot of schematic investigations by hand, but then from that point on CAD is the centerpiece to everything,” said Rodewald-Bates. “We basically take things from schematics all the way through construction documents in CAD. Since we’re design/ build, it plays a big role in our information process. We use it to determine take-off for materials and labor, and it’s really helped us a lot as far as efficiency goes. It’s definitely played a big role.” And when the team is working efficiently, they have more time to devote to the true core of their business: building long-lasting client relationships. Photo Credit: Images courtesy of Newton Landscape Group
Eric Gilbey, RLA, ASLA, is a professional member of APLD and a Vectorworks Landmark Industry Expert for Nemetschek Vectorworks, Inc.
Gazebo at Rubicon Park
challenge for the landscape architects to overcome. The 3D capabilities of the software assisted the team in finding a solution. They used SketchUp for the conceptual massing of spaces and also during the construction documents phase to create more detailed mockups of various elements, like the stairs, rail, and arbor. Then, they brought their design into the Vectorworks program to refine the design’s details.
Eric Gilbey, RLA, ASLA, Professional Member APLD
Take the Monrovia Edible Challenge by Katharine Rudnyk and Laurie Mazzella at Monrovia
On March 15, 2013, over 320 landscape design professionals, including many members of APLD, visited Monrovia growing grounds in Visalia, CA. It was a field day, complete with topics that are prominent in every designer's discussions with clients, such as succulents for containers, vines for groundcovers and trellising, new plants, propagation by design and using edible plants in the landscape. Participants took the edible challenge to escape off Survivor’s Island and win exciting prizes perfect for hungry minds. How much do you know about the world of edibles? Take the challenge and find out.
1.
Anna Apple has a very low chill requirement?
True 2.
False
Bing and Lapins Cherries are the same cherry tree?
True
7.
You can eat a Fuyu Persimmon like an apple?
True 8.
False
False
Which state is the nation’s leading producer of blueberries?
A. Michigan B. Oregon
3.
True 4.
False
9.
False
10.
The largest landscapeplanting of Bountiful Blue® Blueberry on one property in California has:
A. 200-300 plants B. 500-600 plants
11.
Monrovia.com has a feature where you can view only edibles?
True
False
False
Blueberries prefer a clay soil?
True 12.
False
An acidic fertilizer, like Ammonium sulfate, will help maintain the highly acidic soils blueberries require?
True
C. 800-900 plants
6.
Wild blueberries are found in swamp or marsh borders?
True
Angel Red® Pomegranate produces more juice than Pomegranate Wonderful?
True 5.
C. Maine
Snow Queen Nectarine is not a freestone variety?
False
The best fertilizers to promote fruiting on pomegranates are low in nitrogen?
True
False
13.
The pruning of pomegranate should be done in:
20.
blueberries need to be pollinated?
True
A. Spring
False
B. Summer C. Winter
14.
False
22.
Fragaria ‘Seascape’ is a day-neutral strawberry?
True
False
False 23.
16.
False
All edible raspberries fruits are red or deep blue-black in color?
True
You need both a male and a female Kiwi to produce fruit?
True
Can fig trees be grown from seed?
True
Are pomegranates self-fruiting?
True 15.
21.
How many varieties of edible raspberries does Monrovia grow?
A. 6 B. 9
False
C. 12
17.
You should not grow Strawberries in the same beds that members of the Solanaceae family (tomatoes, peppers, eggplants) have been grown for at least 3 years.
True
24.
True
False 25.
18.
Can you over fertilize strawberries?
True 19.
False
Can you over irrigate strawberries?
True
False
Planting California natives and other flowering plants can increase productivity of edibles in the garden.
It is best to prune your fig tree in the summer?
True 26.
False
False
In 2012, Monrovia shipped how many #2 Vaccinium Bountiful Blue from the Monrovia – Visalia?
A. 7,000 B. 12,000 C. 17,000
and The Answers are... 1.
4.
X True
X TRUE
It requires only 200-300 hours. Other low chill fruit trees are Fuji Apples, Tropic Gold Apricots, Snow Queen Nectarine, Santa Rosa Plum and edible olives.
Because its seed is smaller and softer, it yields more juice per fruit.
angel red pomegranate seeds Monrovia
santa rosa plum close up
2.
anna apple bloom
5.
X
C. 800-900 plants Because its seed is smaller and softer, it yields more juice per fruit.
X FALSE
The Lapins is known as the self-fertile Bing; it was developed in British Columbia and is a cross between Van and Stella.
bountiful blue blueberry fruit Monrovia © Fal Creek Farm & Nursery
6.
lapins sweet cherry bloom Monrovia © Creator's Palette
3.
X
When you open up the Monrovia web page, you will see a box with revolving plant categories. Click on the pear image, and you will be directed to browse all the edibles that we grow.
lapins sweet cherry fruit Monrovia © Creator's Palette
FALSE
X TRUE
7.
X TRUE
It is one of the most popular freestone varieties in Southern California and is self-fertile, too. Freestone means it is easy to remove the stone.
They’re crisp and sweet. The skin can be eaten or peeled. They are great in fruit salads, baked into cakes or eaten fresh. fuyu japanese persimmon fruit
8.
snow queen nectarine bloom Monrovia© Creator's Palette
X
A. Michigan
Michigan harvests roughly 72 million pounds, averaging yields of 3,850 pounds per acre with about 47% sold as fresh blueberries.
9.
X True
14.
These areas are naturally very acidic. Unfortunately, this soil type does not exist in most areas of the country. To produce acidic soils, add sphagnum moss, lime or a commercially prepared acidic fertilizer.
10.
X True
15.
X FALSE
X FALSE
Planted in a dense clay, the roots will rot, and even loamy soils may be too water-logged. They need well-drained soils, but with ample water available to them. They have a shallow, dense root system that captures surface water well, but can dry out quickly. First year plantings will need additional irrigation for best performance.
12.
X TRUE
You should use a 2-10-10, which means it is low in nitrogen and higher in phosphorus and potassium, when planting your pomegranate. Feed the trees in January with an organic fertilizer for citrus and avocado, such as a 4-6-6.
13.
X
Prune the pomegranate moderately each year in late winter before the weather warms and new growth appears to maintain the desired shape. Cut off dead or damaged woody branches with a pair of loppers. Cut off new suckers growing from the lower trunks and the ground around the base of the pomegranate with pruning shears. Do this frequently throughout the growing season to keep the trunk or trunks of the tree or bush in check. angel red pomegranate full shot Monrovia
Actinidia arguta ‘Issai’ is a selffertile female that produces an abundance of small, delicious smoothskinned fruit. Glossy foliage and fragrant white blooms in early summer make this a showy landscape specimen for any arbor or trellis.
hardy kiwi vine close up
16.
C. Winter
This is true, but the blossoms must be pollinated for it to bear fruit—the more bee activity you have, the greater likelihood of pollination. angel red pomegranate medium shot Monrovia
Much will depend on your soil test, but as a rough guideline the University of Illinois suggests applying 1/2 to 2/3 pounds per 100 row feet a few weeks after planting. Fertilizer should be applied around the plants and not closer than six inches to the trunk of the plant.
11.
X True
X TRUE
This is true, but the blossoms must be pollinated for it to bear fruit—the more bee activity you have, the greater the likelihood of pollination. seascape strawberry close up
17.
X TRUE
Those types of plants are likely to host Verticillium alboatrum and V dahlia fungi that cause Verticillium Rot in strawberry plants.
18.
X TRUE
22.
This is one of the most common mistakes that gardeners make. You end up with more flowers than fruit. Mix good quantities of organic material into the soil a couple of days before planting. Fertilize twice a year— once at the start of the growing season and then after harvesting the berries.
X FALSE
Rubus idaeus var strigosus ‘Fall Gold’ is named for its yellow-gold sweet fruit. Fall Gold is similar to other raspberries except for color. fall gold raspberry close up
19.
X TRUE
23.
Strawberries normally require about 1 inch of water every week during the growing season. The soil should be moist, but never wet.
20.
X
B. 9 Monrovia carries 9 varieties of edible raspberries that bear fruit in the first season. Our newest is Raspberry Shortcake™—a dwarf, thornless, delicious variety that is KID FRIENDLY.
X TRUE
Blueberry bushes, like other fruit-bearing plants, must be pollinated by our friend the bee. Because the pollen is heavy and sticky, it isn’t easily blown around by the wind. It is necessary to invite honeybees and other pollinating insects into your landscape.
raspberry shortcake dwarf thornless raspberry medium shot Monrovia © Fall Creek Farm & Nursery
24.
X TRUE
Research from the University of Montana shows that native bee populations (non-honeybees species) play a large role in aiding the honeybee. Forgotten Pollinators, a recent book by Stephen L. Buchmann and Gary Paul Nabhan, also states that a variety of blooming plants keeps bees in the area year round. Berberis, Caryopteris, Cercis, Coreopsis, Chilopsis, Lavandula, Salvia, Verbena and Vitex are among some of the authors’ suggestions. bountiful blue blueberry medium shot Monrovia
25. 21.
X
It is best to prune in the winter. Pruning dormant figs correctly will improve your fig crop. Remove all suckers growing from the base, remove branches that are growing off the main branches at less than a 45 degree angle, and last prune main branches by 1/4 to put more energy towards the fruit development.
True
corkys honey delight fig close up Monrovia
This is true, but most often they are cultivated by cutting and planting branches from mature trees. It can take 5 years before producing fruit. Monrovia’s #5’s are already that age and will produce the first year you plant them.
X FALSE
26.
X
C. 17,000
17,000 were shipped from the Visalia location. Monrovia invoiced nearly 30,000 #2 Bountiful Blue Blueberry bushes from all locations in 2012. A majority of those were shipped to retailers.
Sustainable Urban Landscape Retrofit by Sabrena Schweyer, FAPLD
My husband and I are tearing up our 15 year-old landscape. No, it is not ugly or overgrown. On the contrary, it has never looked better. In 2011, our property was even on tour for the APLD International Design Conference. We are taking action because we care about the earth and the important natural resource, water. Sustainable landscaping is a primary focus of our firm. We’ve built natural systems for clients; now we want to take further steps towards sustainability with a water-smart retrofit on our tiny urban lot, without tearing out the entire garden. Instead of our rainwater rushing into the storm sewer—or worse yet, the sanitary sewer—we will soon be capturing 100% of the rainwater from a one inch storm, providing us with water for our garden and recharging the groundwater below. My husband, Samuel L. Salsbury, FAPLD, is my partner in SalsburySchweyer, Inc. Fortunately his talent includes water. Whether problematic or ornamental, Samuel has a way of making water work in poetic ways.
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Samuel has calculated the amount of water that falls on our roof and flows into the gutters and downspouts during a storm. Using tools of "green infrastructure" (GI) we will slow the flow of rainwater and retain it on our property. Our green infrastructure plan includes a green roof, rain gardens, multiple rain barrels, pervious paving and a gravel path that functions as water storage/dry well. Rainwater from more substantial storms will be slowed down, its volume reduced and the overflow released back into the system, much like the workings of nature’s hydrology. On our nearly flat back roof, a green roof of tough perennials, mostly sedums, will create an attractive mosaic. They will absorb most of the water that falls there, possibly as much as 60-90%. They will also keep our kitchen and bathroom warmer in the winter, cooler in the summer and extend the lifespan of our roof—not to mention a multitude of other environmental benefits. The saturated weight of these plants and their three to four inch lightweight growing media is typically too heavy for most residential roofs. Fortunately Samuel used to be a builder, so he's quite capable to shore up the support for the roof. Fully saturated, even three to four inches of plants in lightweight growing media can be heavy for residential roofs. Of course this means we will need to finally move forward on that bathroom renovation that we’ve been planning for years! Additional roof water from our house and garage will flow into rain barrels that are tied into the downspouts. These (100% recycled) rain barrels will be used to water our garden between rainstorms. Samuel has worked up solutions for easy winterization and for removing contaminants from the roof, using a “first-flush system” on those rain barrels intended for edibles. Overflow will be directed into raingardens in front of our house.
Did we have water problems before, you may wonder. Yes! Recently, after 100 years of withstanding water, the stone walls of our basement began to seep. We remedied the basement seepage with French drains, which will drain into our new raingardens. In addition, a gravel parking lot behind our property was recently paved; this caused a significant amount of water that previously was absorbed into the earth to flow onto our property. During torrential downpours, stormwater rushed down our garden path, dumping contaminated, muddy water and mulch into our beautiful, biologically balanced pond. Not a pretty site! Our solution was to create a deep drainage path by replacing the existing path with a 12 inch to 36 inch deep bed of gravel, topped with decorative stone. Now stormwater is captured in the gravel below the path’s surface, filtered and infiltrated into the ground; any overflow travels into a drainage pipe leading to a rain garden. Our raingardens will consist of three slightly indented beds where excess water from the roof and the back of our property can be routed and held. Raingardens are designed to hold water for one day, maybe two, before being fully absorbed into the earth. These raingardens will be located in front of our house and will be specifically designed and plumbed to protect our retaining walls and basement.
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Planting the raingardens will be a pleasure. They will not look much different from the existing plantings. Our garden is eclectic, some of it designed as a permaculture "food forest� incorporating edible trees, shrubs and perennials along with traditional vegetables and ornamentals. For the lowest areas of the raingarden we will select plants that can tolerate standing water for a day or two, but which also survive dry weather. Our turtlehead and Joe Pye weed should be happy with additional water. Our huge maple will be delighted; evapo-transpiration is what it does best, sucking water up into the canopy like a giant water elevator. Nature works in its own perfect systems. Our concrete driveway needs to be replaced, so now is a good time to make it pervious. Large areas of concrete will be replaced with special permeable clay brick pavers, which will allow water to flow into the ground rather than run off. Brick is historically appropriate, as well as very attractive for the long term. We live in a historic neighborhood of 100 year old houses, so our entire system of green infrastructure will need to fit aesthetically. With thoughtful design and lush plantings, our neighbors might not notice the difference‌ but we will. We hope to inspire others to utilize the systems of nature to beautify their own properties, whether a business, an institution or a home on a tiny lot in the middle of a city.
Sabrena Schweyer, FAPLD
Sabrena Schweyer, FAPLD, is Vice President of Salsbury-Schweyer, Inc, an Akron-based design firm known for insightful, inspirational and ecological landscapes. She is an awardwinning landscape designer, a certified Permaculture consultant and a guest columnist for the Cleveland Plain Dealer (where this article first appeared).
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Photos by Salsbury-Schweyer, Inc.
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Evolution of a Small Yard by Terry Sims, Professional Member, APLD
The Challenge Our Client hired us to design an outdoor living space, with a kitchen, hot tub, dining and lounging area, sitting area, fire for warmth and a water feature. An extended roof covers a patio, large enough for the dining area. The rest of the improvements had to fit into a townhouse yard, 23’ wide x 30’ long.
The Solution To maximize use of the space, we angled the kitchen and hot tub so the improvements weren’t crowded. This technique made the fence line look longer and opened up beds for plantings. We surrounded the fire/water feature by a sitting area and placed it in the far back of the yard as a destination point, its orientation parallel to the fence for spatial distance. The winters are cold in this area, so the hot tub was placed close to the back door. We sunk the tub 18 inches to accomplish several objectives, most notably an unobstructed view to the sitting area. If budget allows we always try to lower the hot tub not only for the view beyond but for the aesthetic purpose of hiding the plastic square form of the tub. The structure of a portable hot tub is not very attractive and hard to effectively disguise without considerable expense if the tub is not lowered below ground level. The BBQ was set off center the kitchen counter to create a three foot serving counter adjacent to the dining area. The opposite side of the BBQ counter is two feet and used for staging and preparation. The stone veneer face of the kitchen unit and the concrete counter top is built from the same material used in the sitting area. Using a different material here would hinder the visual flow by introducing additional focal points, a design point to consider when working in a small yard. The main focal point is the sitting area located at the rear of the yard. We ended the path here and, with the angle of the kitchen and hot tub, vision is funneled directly into the fire/water feature located in the center of the sitting area. A water feature and fire platform was combined to save space. Water emerges under the fire and falls into a stone veneer basin. The natural gas flame heats the sitting area, extending evening and seasonal entertainment. We painted the fence blue/grey to fade into the background and an "S" shape paver path appears to elongate the length of the yard.
Terry Sims is a Landscape Designer and General Contractor at The Garden Artist, Inc., Boise ID, an award willing landscape design and construction company.
Terry Sims, Professional Member, APLD
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To tie in the existing dining area with the new improvements, we cut the existing concrete patio and extended the paver path in this area to the back door. A concrete overlay covered the remaining old concrete and the new concrete around the hot tub and kitchen, giving the area congruency. The improvements extended our client’s home beyond the four walls and what was once an unattractive and unused yard is now the center point for entertaining and relaxation.
Journey To Eden
by Wickie Rowland, Professional Member, APLD In January, as one of 20 alumni of the KLC School of Design in London, I was given the opportunity to travel to The Eden Project in Cornwall, England, to attend a briefing on their needs for two new gardens. The Eden Project had always been on my short list of gardens to visit, and I was very eager to finally see it. Eden is an extraordinary feat of engineering. It's the brainchild of Tim Smit, who chose to build it in an old clay mine that had been listed as a brown-site. (In the UK "brown-site" doesn't have the toxic connotations that it does in the US, it just means an industrial site that has outlived its use and is ready to become something else.) As the mine was no longer in use, the hope was that Eden would not only become a world famous garden, but also provide a much-needed boost to the local economy. After years of hard work, Eden opened in 2000 as part of Britain's millennium celebrations. Today, it is quite an experience to stand at the top of the former mining pit and look down over Eden. There are two biomes, looking like a cross between honeycombs and soap bubbles that have stuck together. The Core looks like a spiky, alien creature that has just descended and is looking around for something or someone to eat, and the gardens surrounding them all are peppered with enormous statues. The WEEEman sculpture weighs three point three tons, made out of waste electrical and electronic equipment, perhaps as much as a person might throw away in a lifetime. A giant bee, African carvings and a horse made of cork each has its own particular story. But what catches one’s eye first are the biomes. I visited the Rainforest Biome first, the “largest rainforest in captivity,” a structure so huge that you forget that you are in a building. Giant trees, so tall that the horticulturists at Eden use a hot air balloon to prune them, grow in abundance, and from most areas you hear the sound of the giant waterfall. It is hot and humid and smells wonderful. You can climb a platform high into the canopy to observe everything from above: cashews, bananas, cocoa and coffee. I next went to the arid and cooler Mediterranean Biome. It is filled with olive trees, rosemary, various cacti, oranges, etc. It is a smaller biome and has a much less airy feeling, but it most certainly has the feel of Italy and Greece. Given that it was a cold day in Cornwall, the air was warm and comfortable despite the fact that the biome was not heated. I could go on and on, but I must save room to write about the design adventure that was to come. As hoped, the site has brought a resurgence of business to the area—more than a million visitors each year. People travel from far and wide to see this innovative and thought-provoking place. And I was lucky enough to be able to participate in its history, if only in a minuscule way.
The Eden Design Competition all in early The design competition drew about 20 of us to Cornw entrance the at gated congre We an. Americ only the was I January and Eden. at ape and met with Paul Stone, the Director of Landsc was Of the two gardens that were to be redesigned, the second of the fringe the on was tition compe This ging. challen most the oot Walk,” Mediterranean Biome, and the goal was to design a “Baref and have socks and shoes their e remov to that would allow visitors the side around Core the from d procee they as nce experie y a sensor n childre school that areas of the biome. It was to be one of the first tive. interac and fun be to would encounter, so it needed on of the I decided that the Walk would tell the story of the evoluti clay to mine to started first man Eden Project, from the time before visitors , biome the of side eastern the at ing Beginn the present day. through follow a meandering path lined with granite setts that passes site. the of life the in r chapte a five “mini-gardens,” each that tells is surface each and r chapte each with s change The walking surface nces the experie visitor each that so , period cal histori its to t relevan eyes. The history of Eden with his or her feet, as well as with their : five chapters are as follows
Forest 2. China Clay Mining 3. Between Clay and Eden
1. The
Eden 5. Eden Today
4. Creating
Chapter 1:
The Forest As one enters the Barefoot Walk, there are comfortable benches where visitors can sit to remove their shoes. The Forest Garden is planted with small trees, shrubs and perennials that are native to Cornwall and which might have been present before clay mining began. The path itself is planted with Sagina subulata var. glabrata ‘Aurea’, which withstands some foot traffic. If, in time, traffic proves too much for it, chipped bark may be substituted. There is also a multi-layer woodland, featuring trees such as Ilex aquifolium ‘J.C. Van Tol’ and Malus ‘Red Sentinel’, along with Cytisus and Viburnum, ferns and Epimedium. Bluebells and primroses offer a show in the spring. It is quiet and peaceful and looks untouched.
Chapter 2:
China Clay Mining Continuing down the Walk, the paving surface changes to reclaimed brick. On one side of the path is a tea garden filled with Camelia sinensis, (in pots) Agastache, Monarda, Nepeta and chamomile, all of which can be used to make black or herbal tea. In the middle of the garden is a giant teacup and saucer, rescued from a carnival teacup and saucer ride. On the other side of the path, a hillside has been stripped of plants and terraced to resemble the stepped sides of a clay mine. A gunite spray has been applied to keep it in place. A low hedge of Buxus is planted at the top to keep visitors from straying off the path and hurting themselves. 38
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Chapter 3:
Between Clay and Eden Advancing to the next chapter, the paving surface changes to sand to tell the story of the interval between the active clay mine and the beginning of Eden. I designed a sand pit for children, with rakes and spades, to allow them to landscape at will or make their own “zen” garden. The terraced, gunite “cliff” from the previous chapter continues, except I added pockets for plants to echo the way nature begins to take over land that has lain fallow. Armeria, Hypericum and Juniperus grow here, as well as native wildflowers.
Chapter 4:
Creating Eden Next, my design tells the story of the rebirth of the site, as the path’s surface changes to bark mulch overlaid with hexagonal stepping stones. Since the construction of Eden took a number of years, the garden is designed to accentuate the passage of time through blooming seasons. To the north of the path is a winter and spring garden with Daphne, Helleborus and Narcissus. To the south of the path the hard, terraced “cliff” softens as the grade becomes less steep, and as one goes farther, the landscape becomes lush and full of summer and autumn flowering plants: Abelia, Geranium, Astilbe and Thalictrum. A stepped granite fountain represents the omnipresent threat of water, both in the construction phase and afterwards.
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Chapter 5:
Eden Today In the final chapter, the path surface changes to permeable paving tiles made from 95% recycled tires and plastic—in blue. Eden’s social impact is on display in the gardens on each side of the path. It includes the Big Lunch, an idea that started at Eden—people bring tables and chairs into the street outside their homes and have lunch with their neighbors. A patio made from the same paving tiles but in grey is indicated on each side of the path, with long picnic tables so that visitors can bring their own lunches and sit and enjoy the garden with others who are sharing the Eden experience. The plants in this garden are all edible, or have edible components, such as Vaccinium, Ribes, Fragraria, Monarda, Hemerocallis and Allium. Farther along the path, again there are benches where visitors can sit to put on their shoes.
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A Great Experience Cornwall holds a unique spot in the world when it comes to plants. In a similar zone to North Carolina, it is the only place on earth in that zone which has the short winter days and long summer days of a latitude on a par with the most northern tip of Newfoundland. Thus, the plant choices have to be made carefully. The upside of this was that with the temperate climate, a wide range of plants grow very well. In spending time in this incredible place, thinking of Eden’s message, and the challenges of the designs, I was reminded yet again of why I love what I do. Although, naturally, I hope that they like my design (nothing has been decided as of this writing), the real truth is that regardless of what happens it has been an extraordinary experience.
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When not creating gardens in collaboration with Labrie Associates of No. Hampton, NH, Wickie Rowland tries to visit as many gardens as possible, both at home and abroad. She enjoys finding creative solutions to design “problems.”
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Wickie Rowland, Professional Member, APLD
About APLD The Association of Professional Landscape Designers is an international organization that was formed in 1989. The mission of APLD is to advance the profession of landscape design and to promote the recognition of landscape designers as qualified and dedicated professionals.
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