The Country - October 2019

Issue 9 | Monday, 21 October 2019

THE

COUNTRY Move over, Greta Thunberg Could New Zealand kids have the answers?

Attitude for gratitude

For a noble cause

Opportunities are everywhere

In praise of the Great Kiwi Pub

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Inside this issue The road to change

A matter of perspective

A load of old crock?

It’s closing time – or is it?

Strengthening the rural/urban bond

Can Kiwi kids offer climate change solutions?

How to roast perfect beef – every time

In praise of the Great Kiwi Pub

Time for a reality check

The devil’s in the detail

Where are the real global warming gains?

Have your say on the new freshwater proposals

Why you should have an enduring power of attorney

Fuelled by a passion for farming The future of farming is in safe (young) hands

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The road to change A sociiall med dia viideo by Rab bob bank k in th he Neth herlland ds has a powerful message for the future of farming – and d fo or all of us, says Ro owe ena a Du unc cum.

People are banding together to help others understand the proposed legislation ... and strengthening the bond between urban and rural New Zealand.

T

o say it’s a challenging time for New Zealand farmers is putting it mildly.

This is the time of the year when we should be focused on the work at hand – be that tailing/docking, lambing, calving or mating – and catching some of the action from the Rugby World Cup. Instead, both have been affected by attempts to comprehend a 105-page discussion document and attend consultation meetings.

Then, to compound matters, some bright spark (pun intended) deciding to push the boat out and stream a major sporting event, knowing full well that a large proportion of rural New Zealand simply doesn’t have the infrastructure to support it.

There’s a lot to be grumpy about right now.

But there’s also a lot to be thankful for. The weather isn’t horrendous, for one. The All Blacks haven’t been sent home yet (and fingers crossed they won’t have been by the time this lands in your mailboxes!). Prices for lamb, beef, pork and venison are looking strong. The milk auction hasn’t tanked for a while. And our new Mackaiser collab with Emerson’s is currently brewing and on track to be ready in time for Christmas! How good is that?!

But on a serious note, there’s also much visible support out there amongst rural New Zealand – people are banding together to help others understand the proposed legislation, opening conversation channels through the nationwide AgProud barbeques, and generally strengthening the bond between urban and rural New Zealand.

And just on that last point, Rabobank in the Netherlands has put out a beautiful social media video showing the farming journey through three generations of the same family and how things have changed over time.

With the help of my workmate Lashes (yes, he does occasionally do something useful!) we’ve transcribed the video for you. I feel it’s still quite powerful in the written sense. Enjoy:

[Grandfather] “My parents were very clear about it – end starvation forever.

It’s understandable: they had suffered through the Dutch famine of 1944-45. I don’t remember much from those days because I was just a toddler. But the famine was everywhere – especially in the cities.

You ate flower bulbs for dinner if you were lucky.

Tens of thousands of people perished. As a child I heard the stories over and over.

We wanted to leave that horrible time behind forever.

In the fifties everyone agreed, that famine would never be allowed to return to the Netherlands. For us farmers, it was a huge challenge to produce enough food for everyone. My father and I were very proud we could do our bit in this effort.

So, we started to mechanise.

We bought our first tractors and machinery in 1956. This mechanisation enabled us to produce more, with the same number of people. Our milk production needed to increase and so we, as dairy farmers, started to implement new methods on a massive scale. I mean, who didn’t grow up drinking milk? Three glasses a day! A milk surplus was something unheard of. And we were innovative. Not enough farmland? Let’s just create more! Everything was a success, everything was possible. As farmers we were the new heroes – the sky was the limit.

[Father] And everything kept growing. Need more vegetables? We built greenhouses to be able to harvest year-round. Our natural gas reserves were limitless – or so we thought. And agriculture became much more efficient.

Our farms grew bigger thanks to expansion and the reallocation of land. Cattle farmers were also able to significantly increase production thanks to better feed, better medication and bigger stables.

A lot of meat at low prices – shops were full of it.

We increased our exports of meat, vegetables and dairy.

But we were ignorant of the fact that with yesterday’s solutions, we were sowing problems for tomorrow. My parents’ farm turned out to be more

than just a source of food. Deleted soils, due to all the fertiliser we used, increasing greenhouse gas emissions, water pollution and decreasing biodiversity. I too, saw fewer and fewer farmland birds.

Society laid the blame at farmers’ feet.

More and more we felt like scapegoats. Sure, in our family we also had heated debates – how could we change things? Were the changes we were implementing big enough?

Today the way I farm is radically different to what it was.

[Granddaughter] The animosity towards farmers – I often hear of it. It is not nice when you are from a family of farmers. I am incredibly proud of what my parents and grandparents built. But I understand it. I agree that things can be improved and that we have to change our ways.

At my university I see lots of opportunities. All those food start-ups, pioneering research projects, and classes about precision farming – handling soil, water and feed precisely, based on measurements from sensors in the soil and in the air. Not just the Netherlands, but worldwide.

But we also need a change in mentality, combined with good policies, technology and, of course, finance. We have to act together – government scientists, farmers, supermarkets – and let’s not forget the consumer. No more food waste and a clear choice for sustainability, more investment in innovation as well. We must learn to see opportunities, not contradictions.

In short, let’s do what we’ve done for generations – solve today’s challenges together!”

Join Rowena every weekday from 5am-6am on The Country Early Edition on Radio Sport and Hokonui and with Jamie Mackay on The Country every weekday from 12pm on NewstalkZB, Radio Sport and Hokonui.

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A matter of perspective With all the controversy over young people campaigning globally for climate change, Jacqueline Rowarth wonders whether, in fact, ‘New Zealand kids’ might have the ability to make a real difference.

W

hether Greta Thunberg is the voice of her generation or a self-entitled Gen-Zer, a question asked in the New Zealand media entirely depends upon perspective. Of course. What is clear, however, is that she is leading the charge for the adults to fix the Climate Change problem because they’ve created it.

Adults have also created a lot of other things. These don’t fit the crisis theme and so aren’t being brought into the discussion, but a mono-perspective often creates problems.

The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), identified at the beginning of this century (before the climate activists were born), help with setting problems in context. Context should allow other perspectives and, perhaps, an acceptable path forward.

The Gen-Zers are focused on climate, and in the OECD SDG September report, OECD countries are judged to be 60% towards the goal. Water has a better score (87.5%) and Oceans (30%) and Biodiversity (58.3%) have worse scores. But the lowest score of all 17 SDGs is 27.7%, achieved for Sustainable consumption and production – inefficient resource use, including packaging, fossil fuels, chemicals and food waste.

Lifestyles are the cause.

Ironically, it appears to be the very lifestyles that

parents have worked so hard to give to their children that have resulted in the problems. Parents and grandparents have put in the hours, created and improved the technologies... so that their children could have a better life than they had, could be healthy, expect to stay at school beyond 15, and then have the further education, careers and experiences that their parents and grandparents didn’t have.

SDG Health has 100% rating in the latest report from the OECD and Education has 90%.

These health and education achievements aren’t featuring as children skip school to protest.

What is featuring is the growing belief that agriculture is the problem and veganism is at least part of the answer.

Again, a mono-perspective creates problems.

The Food SDG has a score of only 62.5%.

Agriculture a success story Globally the number of undernourished people has decreased by almost half in the past two decades because of increased productivity – more food per unit of input (such as labour, land, water or nutrients).

Productivity is what drives economic growth and prosperity. Agriculture is a remarkable success story, and in New Zealand is a star, achieving multi-factor productivity growth of an average 2.8% a year over the last 10 years in comparison with an average for New Zealand of 0.6%.

Given the success of agriculture in delivering economic growth and hence lifestyles, it is disappointing that it is being targeted by climate change activists who don’t understand the realities.

In particular, the Paris Accord made it clear that all attempts should be made to reduce greenhouse gases without compromising food production**.

New Zealand the poster country?

In ‘Refocusing policies through a wellbeing lens’, the OECD suggests viewing the SDGs through a wellbeing lens to help governments ‘make visible the hidden costs of the current food system and identify the potential to achieve synergies, such as health, improved environment, carbon storage’. The hidden costs identified include excessive use of fertilisers, pesticides and antibiotics.

New Zealand could be the poster country for good practice.

The OECD nutrient balance (the difference between nutrient inputs and nutrients harvested) indicates that New Zealand’s nitrogen and phosphorus balance is 60 and 7kg/ha, respectively, in comparison with the UK at 87 and 6, and the Netherlands at 199 and 3.

But Japan (which has volcanic soils like some of New Zealand’s soils) is 178 and 62. New Zealand is an efficient user of nutrients.

Pesticide use is average for a developed country.

Agricultural antibiotic use is the third lowest in developed countries (reflecting pasture-based rather than feedlot systems).

The hemisphere difference New Zealand kids (self-described as such) campaigning for change, and urging the switch to veganism, don’t seem to have understood that the reasons being presented by kids in the Northern Hemisphere apply up there, not down here.

The land in New Zealand under pasture and supporting ruminants to convert grass to high quality animal protein is mostly unsuitable for growing anything but grass or trees. By using the land for animal protein and fibre, and maintaining the carbon in the soil, New Zealand is contributing ‘above its weight’ globally. Add in best practice for greenhouse gases per unit of production, and New Zealand is a high performer.

When you are achieving an E for Excellence, it is very hard to do better.

The climate change kids will probably agree with that perspective. And perhaps they might then change their attention to solving the problems – to consider consumption, waste and replacements for fossil fuel.

They have the foundation of an upbringing in a developed world, and an education system that, if they choose their careers around engineering, science and primary production, could really make a difference.

The Northern Hemisphere kids have stated that they don’t have the answers. Perhaps New Zealand kids could identify the path forward and show the way.

Dr Jacqueline Rowarth CNZM CRSNZ HFNZIAHS has a PhD in Soil Science and has been analysing agri-environment interactions for several decades.

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A load of old crock?

It’s a touchy subject – just how do you achieve the perfect slab of succulent roast beef? Craig Hickman DairyMan@dairymanNZ thought he had the answer...

R

oast beef has always been my nemesis; no matter how hard I tried, it was either overcooked and chewy or an undercooked lump mocking me from its bed of crispy roasted potatoes.

Not for me the perfectly pink, tender slices of succulent goodness that the online recipes promised; my roasts of beef were garnished with sadness and regret and served with a side of wiisttfull, unffullfilled d promiise.

This was the case until one day a few years back I was watching a TV show where the host visited people’s houses and had dinner with them, and after he’d had dinner with them he cooked the meal they had served, but he did it better. On this day it was roast beef and I watched intently. Reader, I even took notes.

The trick, he said, was a meat probe. A thermometer to measure the internal temp perature of the roastt, a deviice wiithoutt wh hich h mostt roastt beeff is doomed to abject failure – a scenario with which I was all too familiar.

I rushed out and bought one. I defrosted a bolar roast, I pierced it and poked bits of garlic and rosemary inside, I massaged it with oil, I seared it, I preheated my oven and I inserted my meat probe.

When the probe told me we had hit perfection, I removed the roast and let it rest. It had been quite a journey and the poor thing deserved a wee lie down before the moment of truth.

Then I cut into it and OH LORD! Faultlessly med dium-rare!! Insttagramab ble aff.

I instantly tweeted that I had finally mastered the dark art of roasting beef, part science and part black magic – I was finally in the club.

“Oh,” replied Trudi Bennett in the truly annoying way that only Trudi can, “I do mine in the crockpot.

Never fails, perfect every time.”

What the actual what!? You can’t cook roast beef in a crockpot, it’s an abomination. It’ll never work, it’ll be horrible. Of course, I had to try y it.

The reciipe is so siimplle it mak kes me cry. You tak ke your crockpot; you empty a sachet of onion soup into the bottom and place your roast beef on top.

Then you smear some cranberry jelly on top of the beef, put the lid on and set it on low for nine hours.

That’s it. Seriously. I weep.

Somehow, when you lift the lid, the meat has miraculously browned; it smells distractingly delicious while it rests and you make gravy from the large amount of liquid that has accumulated in the pot. Trudi just stirs in the onion soup, but I add butter and flour to thicken my gravy because I’m fancy like thatt. The meatt is piink k and d tend der, slightly sweet from the cranberry. I’ve taken to adding garlic as well, but the beauty of the original recipe is its simplicity.

If you’re on Twitter you should check Trudi out on @WardrobeFlair. She’s a personal stylist and fashion blogger, and while she may be annoying, she sure knows her way around a crockpot.

DairyMan@dairymanNZ

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It’s closing time – or is it?

While some are off protecting snails from mining companies, Glenn Dwight is all about protecting the future of the Great Kiwi Pub.

A must is a classic DB Clydesdale horse poster, or an All Blacks team poster that is four years out of date but is still the perfect catalyst for a debate on the merits of the mid-field combination.

A

h, the Great Kiwi Pub. You know the one: the place you’d go with your parents when you were young, and if you were lucky, you’d be allowed a sip the froth off the top of your dad’s beer.

So what makes a Great Kiwi Pub?

The publican The first element of any Great Kiwi Pub is the publican. For this article we will call said publican ‘Bev’, and explain what makes Bev the salt of the earth and a bloody great New Zealander. Bev is the lady in charge; she pours the drinks, takes the orders and controls the volume on the TV. So Bev is important; nay, Bev is the cornerstone of the pub, holding it up and making it a great place to be.

It’s key to keep on the good side of Bev, because she can pour a pint glass with the tide so far out your cockles will be exposed. And no one likes their cockles out. So always remember your pleases and thank-you’s; and maybe even put a little tip in the jar.

The banter So we’ve established that the publican is a key to the Great Kiwi Pub, but so is the classic Kiwi banter, the ‘chats’. Like anything, there are a few topics that you should always avoid.

Politics, for a start. Nothing good ever comes from a political chat, so let’s leave that to Mike’s Minute and every day will be a ‘happy day’. Another topic to maybe avoid is the brilliance of the Crusaders or any remark that can be rebutted with the statement, ‘That’s just PC gone MAD!’ A safer topic is the weather, and it comes with easy opening lines for great conversations. ‘How hot?’, ‘how cold?’ or simply, ‘how about this weather!’... You can’t go wrong with weather chat.

The décor So now your ‘chat’ game is solid, it’s time to look at the décor; it’s important to make your Great Kiwi Pub feel like a home away from home (or maybe it is your home, no one is really sure who rents or lives in those upstairs rooms – but that’s a topic for another day or a future Patrick Gower doco).

There are the staple elements to the décor: the carpet that can hide all crimes, dull lighting and wallpaper that everyone remembers from their childhood home but has somehow survived the makeovers and still looks amazing in the pub environment.

The wall art The key to the décor is the wall art. A must is a classic DB Clydesdale Horse poster, or an All Blacks team poster that is four years out of date but is still the perfect catalyst for a debate on the merits of the mid-field combination.

And of course, no pub décor is complete without a photo of the pub on opening day, looking proud and ready to serve the community, with a group of men in hats and three-piece suits looking resplendent and fizzing like a fresh pint with anticipation.

The food Next on the pub checklist is the food. Now for a Great Kiwi Pub there are a few must-haves. Kicking off any Great Kiwi Pub menu are a few ‘nibbles’, which are, in fact, almost platters because a Great Kiwi Pub likes its food BIG and touching the side of the plate (you’re not in Ponsonby now, Dorothy!).

Another must is your classic fish (fush) ‘n’ chips.

I would continue to work through the menu, but we

all know you are going to get the fish ‘n’ chips. The only exception to this rule is if you are at the pub to celebrate a milestone event, such as a wedding anniversary or twenty-first, and treat yourself to a shrimp cocktail. This says, ‘yes, look at me, I am awesome’, but in a down-to-earth, totally Kiwi way.

The music And now our bellies are full, it’s time for a little ear candy… If you are lucky enough to have a pub that still rocks an old-school jukebox, there are some must-haves.

Dave Dobbyn’s Loyal; it’s important to have this queued up in case of a sailing victory, All Blacks win, or any dominance shown over an Aussie team in any sport. You can also add a little Queen We are the champions into the mix should your local Men’s Thirds defeat their nemesis from the north.

Cheryl Moana Marie is another Jukebox must.

She’s the unofficial national anthem of New Zealand, sung by our version of Elvis, John Rowles. Finally rounding out a Great Kiwi Pub playlist, the Dudes’ Bliss. This one is self-explanatory and from what I am told, pubs were once fined if they didn’t have it on their playlists.

The beer And did I mention the beer? Of course, it goes without saying that no matter where you are in this fine country, the beer will always be superb.

You’ll always be at home in a Great Kiwi Pub, where great food, beer and banter combine, so let’s make sure we support and protect every single one well into the future, just like the Powelliphanta land snail – and who doesn’t love them?

Kiwi bloke and pub-goer Glenn Dwight is a creative director at NZME in Wellington.

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COUNTRY Fuelled by a passion for farming THE

Lawyer and sharemilker Jacqui Owen knows from first-hand experience that the future of farming is in safe hands.

R

ecently the local schools in the East Waikato had their annual Science Fair. At the fair we were lucky to see an abundance of talented young people from 10 to 17 years old showing off their innovations and ideas.

Our daughter Abbie did exceptionally well in the competition, but it was not her awards that made me proud; it was her determination, her vision and her inspiration that made me smile.

She undertook a mammoth research project that was fuelled by a passion for the industry. For five weeks she religiously set her alarm at 6am, 4pm and 9pm and trudged out in the wind and the rain to produce some relevant, interesting and practical data.

Watching her complete each week’s schedule and then compile the results, I was filled with renewed hope for our rural industry. In amongst the scores of a generation that only see the bad in farming was a young, passionate future leader who was already working out ways to be a world leader in animal welfare and profi tabilit y.

I asked Abbie to put her own article together for today, explaining her project to share with you.

Feed frequency vs weight gain in calves Hello, my name is Abbie Owen. I am 12 years old and I go to Morrinsville Intermediate school and I won first prize at the 2019 East Waikato Science Fair.

For my science fair I tested if feeding calves the same calories but more frequently in a day makes them gain more weight.

The reason I picked this topic is that I live on a 50-50 sharemilking farm with my parents and little brother. We feed our calves once a day, but we know people who feed twice a day and there has been a lot of research on twice-a-day feeding. I could not find much research on three-times-aday feeding, so I decided to try it.

To do so, I had two groups of dairy heifer crossbred calves all born within 48 hours of each other. Group 1 was fed once a day, six litres in the morning and that was it. Group two was fed two litres in the morning, two litres in the afternoon and two litres at 9pm.

This went on for five weeks, and every Sunday we weighed the calves and recorded the weights.

All calves had unlimited water and calf meal. I measured how much meal each group had eaten over the week.

The results were that if you feed your calves more frequently, they will gain more weight and

gain it consistently. I found that the calves fed more frequently had shinier coats and looked healthier.

Although farmers may just see this as an extra hassle, if you did this with your sale calves (e.g.

Friesian bull calves or beef) and fed them once when the others are fed, once before you get the calves in the afternoon and once when you check your calves at night, it would fit into your daily routine.

I believe that by doing this you would get your profit back on your sale calves faster as they would come up to sale weight quicker.

I enjoy farming and helping come up with innovative ideas for farmers to practically improve their farms.

It was hard work getting up every morning at 6am and going out late at night in the wind, the rain and the cold. I was pleased when it was finished.

I was so lucky to have loads of help from friends, vets and rural professionals. Everyone was really supportive, and I am thankful.

Jacqui Owen LLB runs Morrinsville law firm Jacqui Owen Legal. In her other life, Jacqui runs a sharemilking operation with her husband on a 250-cow job.

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Time for a reality check Knowledge exchange offers far more than going without meat and dairy, says Andrew Hoggard, Federated Farmers Vice-President.

T

he International Dairy Federation has just held its annual meetings and World Dairy Summit in Istanbul, Turkey. You’re probably thinking, ‘That’s hardly the most well-known dairy nation’ but in fact Turkey does have a very long history of dairying, and in recent years they have been investing in modernising their systems.

Indeed, the two dairy farms we visited both had milking parlours very similar to ones found in New Zealand. The main differences were the totally housed nature of their farms, and the very labour-intensive systems they used. When it costs less to hire a person than to buy an automatic teat-sprayer, then you just hire someone to spray teats. Same with drafting gates, etc.

Methane reduction – how much?

My main interest at the conference was in seeing how the big issues affecting New Zealand farmers are being dealt with overseas. Of special interest to me was climate change, and it was great to see a presentation on the actual warming effects of methane by researchers from Oxford University, again re-emphasising the point that methane does not need to go to zero and that only a 0.3% reduction per year is enough to ensure that no additional warming of the atmosphere occurs.

There was also a presentation from the French dairy industry on what they are doing, and I had good chats with colleagues from elsewhere. A key point I took from all of it was that every Western country is looking to reduce its greenhouse gas footprint per unit of milk – funnily enough, striving to get it down to where New Zealand is now.

None of them are focusing on absolute reductions like we face here; in fact if you take the UK as an example, their recently released document listing their ambitions, which some commentators have said Kiwi farmers should emulate, actually talks about the need for production not to fall.

Planning and research important

The future of farming is changing; the priorities of the world are shifting fast and there is a massive focus on optimum environmental, animal and human health.”

They are all looking at similar style farm plans and on farm action that we are focusing on here. So to those farmers who argue we shouldn’t have to do anything, well sorry but this is where things are headed. If we want to stay ahead of the pack in terms of claiming the lowest footprint, then the actions we’re looking to undertake across the primary sector in terms of farm level planning and research are important.

The big difference overseas is they don’t have this threat of regulation/ETS hanging over their heads for now. Their focus at a farm level is a lot more holistic than ours. So they are being less strict with burden of proof etc. when claiming carbon sequestrations. For example, the English are talking about claiming sequestration credits for hedgerows and the French around soil carbon.

In New Zealand we get stuck with all these official Kyoto rules and thus can only claim credits on trees that are planted more than 30 metres wide, planted after 1990, and soil carbon isn’t even on the radar. We’re told to focus on gross emissions and then talk separately about any carbon sinks, rather than a holistic, net approach looking at the whole farm and what actual additional warming is coming from it.

Developing countries a different scenario That’s the developed world. In developing countries it’s about survival, access to technology and other factors we take for granted. So while Greta was on stage bemoaning her stolen childhood, I was seeing presentations from India and Africa that provided a reality check for her claims.

The big challenge I see is that the parts of the world where agricultural emissions are going up, and have the highest footprint, are developing nations. That won’t be solved by meatless Mondays or going dairy free. Those people need those sources of nutrition.

For them, animal-based pastoral agriculture is far more resilient than alternatives and provides other synergies as well. The fertiliser they use to grow their crops comes from their animals.

In agriculture, the real global warming gains that can be made aren’t about shutting down animal agriculture in developed nations. Rather, it’s about taking the knowledge and expertise from the developed world and assisting those developing nations to move ahead with their agriculture systems. Those actions will do more for improving a whole range of United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals than going vegan ever would.

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THE

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The devil’s in the detail Why is it so important for farmers to take the time to have their say on the government’s freshwater proposals? Andrew Morrison of Beef + Lamb New Zealand explains.

F

resh water is one of the most important issues for New Zealanders, and rightfully so. We all depend on it, first and foremost for drinking and sanitation, but also to produce the food we eat and support our lifestyle and recreation. Few iconic vistas of New Zealand are complete without one of our rivers or lakes featuring in the picture.

This is why the government’s proposed freshwater regulations are such a hot issue for the agricultural sector at the moment. Farmers take great pride in looking after the land and surrounding environment, and we’re continually looking for new ways to improve how we operate.

It’s why we’re supportive of the aims of the government’s Action for health waterways and the sheep and beef sector’s goal to have fresh water surrounding our farms in and from which New Zealanders can swim and gather food.

However, as things stand, the government’s proposals would go against that goal by effectively ‘grandparenting’ in existing land uses and rewarding high-intensity, high-pollution farmers, while giving low-intensity, low-pollution farmers no ability to change their farming systems to adapt to meet the increased costs of the new regulations.

Frustratingly, I keep hearing from ministers and officials that these proposals will have no impact on people who are doing the right thing with their low-intensity farming systems.

It would be great if this was true, but it isn’t.

Far-reaching implications Analysis undertaken by Local Government New Zealand has shown that the impact of these proposals would see a 68 percent reduction in the area under sheep and beef farming in the Waikato. That’s a massive change and would have far-reaching implications for rural communities with the resulting loss of jobs and local economic activity.

Locking in land use through grandparenting will not enable low-intensity farmers to intensify their farming systems by even a small amount to offset the extra costs throughout the rest of these proposals, and there will likely be extra costs.

Whether it’s through building new fencing, needing to get resource consents, investing in sediment management, or greater setback requirements that remove productive land, there will be costs that low-intensity farmers will find difficult to absorb.

Frustratingly, I keep We support clear, science-based environmental hearing from ministers and bottom lines that protect human and ecological health, as well as frameworks that empower farmers officials that these proposals and communities to work together to achieve these. will have no impact on people We know that in the sheep and beef sector we have our own issues to manage – for example, who are doing the right thing around sediment – and we’re committed to doing with their low-intensity that, while still retaining the diverse and resilient farming systems that New Zealanders value. farming systems.

This is why it’s so important that farmers take the time to have their say on the government’s freshwater proposals; let them know that change is needed to achieve the outcomes we all want – healthy freshwater ways and thriving rural communities.

Andrew Morrison is the chair of Beef + Lamb New Zealand.

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Most people who sell ttail il paint in New p OK – and I gu uess, for u Zealand tell us this is O them it is.

Trev Dugan, who farms out by Governor’s Road agrees with them and has doubled down on tail paint this season by trading up to some cutting-edge tail paint technology and going fluro - he says that if this pays off for him he may even look at getting one of those new phones you can carry around out of the house that have no wires. th The use of tail paint as a way to indicate the possibility a cow has submitted, and is therefore in heat, dates back to Victorian and New Zealand dairy farms in the late 1970’s.

Since then, despite pretty much everything else changing, we still are using this basic method on many dairy farms. Tail paint is used to suggest cows that are in heat by indicating

those which have been mounted, resulting in the tail paint being rubbed off.

Where other parts of the dairy world have seen amazing innovations and improvements using the technology that has been invented or improved since the 1970’s (back before cell phones, the internet, personal computers , tries were still worth 4 points, rugby players were amateurs and there was no lifting in the lineouts) – the improvements to tail paint based heat detection have been limited to the colours they use, the cans and how sticky the paint is.

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system likee New N Zealand. If you m ss a heat you can sttretch your calving pattern – missing days in milk, creating avoidable empties –

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Why you should have an enduring power of attorney With farmers being at high risk of head injury through motorbike, tractor or other on-farm accidents, says lawyer and sharemilker Jacqui Owen, an enduring power of attorney is one of the most important plans you should have in place.

I

read a staggering statistic recently – 40 percent of Kiwis do not have wills. This prompted me to informally survey anyone I came across.

Not only did almost half of all those I asked not have a will in place, but the majority had no enduring power of attorney either; indeed, many had no idea what it even is.

The most common response was, “Well I don’t really own anything, so I don’t think I need an estate plan”.

Wrong!

Good estate plan essential For farmers in particular, a good estate plan is essential – and not just for landowners but for anyone who is self-employed.

From my perspective, an enduring power of attorney is probably more important than a will to start with.

A will deals with your assets once you have passed away, but an enduring power of attorney is about what is happening to you and your assets while you are still alive.

An enduring power of attorney is designed to allow you to appoint someone to make decisions about your health care and assets if you are unable to make those decisions yourself. It appears that many people think you only need these if you are elderly. The reality is that these documents are used most commonly

in cases of dementia, stroke and severe head injury.

Farmers are at high risk of severe head injury through motorbike, tractor or other on-farm accidents.

If you have not appointed an attorney to act on your behalf when you cannot, your partner, spouse, parents, or children can have their access to bank accounts, insurances and other assets frozen. The only way to get these released is with a court order being granted.

I once had a case where the farmer had an accident on his motorbike and was unable to communicate verbally or in writing. He was unable to return home and was in a permanent care facility for eight years before his death. His wife wanted to sell the land they owned and purchase a house in town as she was not a farmer and had three young children.

However, no attorneys had been appointed so his wife had no authority to sell the land. When she applied to the court for a Guardian Order, they stated that the farm generated an income to pay for his care and therefore she was not entitled to sell it.

She was forced to stay on the farm until he passed away, continuing to rack up high debt levels and employing expensive farm consultants and labour.

All this could have been avoided if the correct paperwork had been in place.

Questions to consider when contemplating your power of attorney Power of attorney is when you give someone the legal right to act on your behalf in relation to one or more aspects of your life.

There is an ordinary power of attorney and an enduring power of attorney (EPA). The difference between these two is that an ordinary power of attorney cannot act once you lose your mental capacity.

There are two types of EPA The first is an EPA for personal care and welfare.

This type of attorney: ■ is typically a family member or a close friend who will make decisions about your care. You can only have one care and welfare attorney at a time ■ makes decisions for you in matters such as selecting a rest home or deciding on medical treatment ■ will not be invoked until you lose your mental capacity.

Continued on next page >>

THE

The second is an EPA for property and finances.

With this type of attorney: ■ one or more people or a trustee corporation can make decisions about your property and finances ■ your EPA can cover all your property or affairs, or alternatively be limited it to just some of your property and affairs. Typically, the powers are kept broad to avoid the need for further changes.

■ the EPA can be invoked at any time; it doesn’t have to be only when you lose your mental capacity.

You can have one person who has enduring power of attorney for your personal care and welfare, and another person who has enduring power of attorney for your property and finances.

Alternatively, you can have one attorney for both.

When choosing your power of attorney, keep these things in mind: ■ You need someone you trust, who is competent, and someone who will act in your best interests. They must be at least 20 years old and mentally capable.

■ Your power of attorney should not be bankrupt or subject to a personal or property order.

■ The person should agree to the role and understand their responsibilities.

■ You should ask yourself these questions: ■ What do I want my attorney to be able to do on my behalf? Is there anything I don’t want my attorney to do on my behalf?

COUNTRY ■ Do I want my attorney to be supported in their role by family, friends, accountants etc? Do I want my attorney to consult with anyone when making decisions on my behalf (such as a lawyer)?

■ Do I want particular people informed by my attorney about decisions they make?

■ Do I want to name back-up attorneys in case something happens to my first choice?

■ When do I want my property attorney to come into effect? When I lose mental capacity or before this?

■ Do I have any debt; what are the main assets I own?

With regard to ‘mental capacity’, a health practitioner will decide whether you are mentally capable if the question arises. You can evoke your EPA or change it as long as you are mentally capable.

Also consider whether you want your EPA to make gifts to themselves or others from your assets and whether you want your EPAs to be able to recover their own expenses relating to their role from your assets.

An attorney must always act within the terms of the EPA, act in the best interests of the donor, not themselves, and comply with the minimum terms of the Protection of Personal and Property Rights Act 1988.

Jacqui Owen LLB runs Morrinsville law firm Jacqui Owen Legal. In her other life, Jacqui runs a sharemilking operation with her husband on a 250-cow job.

An enduring power of attorney is designed to allow you to appoint someone to make decisions about your health care and assets if you are unable to make those decisions yourself.

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