Chenshan Yao For application to MArch Architectural Design | 2024 Application Number | 24106148
CONTENT
01 | THE GROUNDED VESSEL
02 | 550 2ND AVE
EXTINCTION MUSEUM DESIGN
EXTINCTION MUSEUM DESIGN
03 | THE INVISIBLE BLOCK
04 | WELCOME TO THE NORTHEAST
EXTINCTION MUSEUM DESIGN
EXTINCTION MUSEUM DESIGN
01 THE GROUNDED VESSEL EXTINCTION MUSEUM DESIGN
Location：Naples, Italy Individual Work Tutor: Fan Zhang 2022.10-2022.12
What is the meaning of our existence if death is the destination of everything? In today’s society where nihilism is prevalent, the absence of selfworth is a problem to everyone. “Human are abandoned in the wilderness of a faith vacuum after losing the all-powerful God.” When religion can no longer wish people an eternal end, all values seem to become meaningless with the extinction of human race. Are humans the only race facing this dilemma? Tracing back billions of years ago, Pozzuoli were host to a group of ancient creatures tens of times larger than human. If we had the opportunity to ask to the dinosaurs, would dinosaurs question the significance of their existence in the face of certain coming extinction?
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SITE ANALYSIS
GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION
Createre Degli Astroni is a national park built on the remains of an ancient volcano, where a variety of ancient species are retained thanks to the warm and dry climate. The park is considered to be a relic of the Cretaceous period.
Surrounded by volcanic vents and craters, Pozzuoli is a port city on the northeast coast of Naples, only 60 kilometers from Pompeii. As an ancient port city, Pozzuoli is civilized with Roman ruins such as the Coliseum and the Triumphal Arch
Average Temperature (℃ (℃ ) Gragh for Pozzuoli Compared with the Average Temperature (℃ (℃ ) for the Cretaceous Period
30 ℃ 25 ℃ ℃ 18℃ 13 ℃
12 ℃
10 ℃ 5 ℃
6℃
6℃
15 ℃ 8℃
14 ℃
29 ℃ 26 ℃
22 ℃
20 ℃ 15 ℃
30 ℃
27 ℃
22 ℃ 18 ℃
30 ℃ 25 ℃
21 ℃
21 ℃
17 ℃
19 ℃
20 ℃ 13 ℃
15 ℃
15 ℃
10 ℃
10 ℃
11 ℃
5 ℃
7℃
0 ℃
0 ℃ January
February
March April May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
℃ ) for the Cretaceous Period Average Temperature (℃ ℃ ) for Pozzuoli Average Temperature (℃
Cratere Degli Astroni
Pozzuoli Average Rainfall Amount (mm) and Rainy Days
Napoli
Pozzuoli
+75mm
+50mm
Pompei
+25mm
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
Day
Rain(mm)
City Area
1 Harbor
Wilderness
2 Ship
Volcanic Vent
3 Architecture
Plant Species in Cratere Degli Astroni Williow
Magnolia
Photinia
Banian
4 Wildlife Buttercup
5 Volcano Reed
6 Forest
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3
2
3
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5
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PRELIMINARY DATA ARRANGEMENT As it is clear from data searching, in the first 100 years since dinosaurs being unearthed, the waves of thinking from three different disciplines advanced simultaneously and influenced each other. Development of existentialism
Discovery of Dinosaurs
Buckland named an unknown creature as dinosaur for the first time. Human existence is transcendent and its value is in flux.
Owen proved that dinosaurs are an extinct species that once existed
Drinker Cope restored the first model of a dinosaur
'God is dead'
Publication of evolution The theory of evolution was also published during this period.
Darwin, Wallace and other scientists worked out On the Origin of Species, this theory was then further demonstrated by Montesquieu.
Robert Chambers published Where Nature Makes History, arguing the genetic relationship between humans and chimpanzees.
Advances of anatomy reveal similarities between humans and animals.
Human is approaching death from the date of birth, so 'what is existence?'
1914-1917 The outbreak of World War I triggered the collapse of the old value system.
THEORETICAL ARRANGEMENT
VISITING ORDER
In summary, the discovery of dinosaurs, the publication of the theory of evolution, and the philosophy of existentialism interact with each other in development. It can be summarized into the following relationship.
Based on preliminary analysis and summary, the visitor flow in museum is divided into two parts: exhibitions and spiritual experience.
Put To The Proof
The existential myth
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06
INTO THE UNKNOWN
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ESCAPE
Corridor
INTERACTION
r do r
05
LOST
o rid
04
rri
03
PERCEPTION
r
or
02
ADAPTING
do
C
5
01
ENTRANCE
rri
INTROSPECTION Co
Deconstruction of old ideas
I
DISCUSSION OF IDIVIDUAL EXITANCE
Co
Corridor
Enlighten
Humans, like all living things, will one day become extinct
EXTINCTION
Corrid or
WORTHLESSNESS
r
Enlighten
W
r
Further Development
Enlighten
OVERTHROW OF THE CREATIONISM
Result in
SIMULATION
Corridor or rrid Co
D
DESTRUCTION OF CREATION VALUE
Co rrid o
E
THEORY OF EVOLUTION
o rrid Co
Enlighten
HISTORY Corridor
D
DISCOVERTY OF DINOSAURS
Lead to
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FUNERAL
MASTER PLAN The building surroundings are relatively complex and can be mainly summarized into four landforms. 61.5
38.6
14.6
15.2
45.2
08
FUNERAL
07
06
ESCAPE
INTO THE UNKNOWN
05
INTERACTION
04 LOST
03
PERCEPTION
02
ADAPTING
01
ENTRAMCE
30.9
GRASSLAND
WATER LILY
WETLAND
UNDERGROWTH
WOODS
SOUTH PERSPECTIVE The sailing vessels indicate courage and exploration of the unknown, while the ships abandoned in the shallows is reminiscent of death. Just like the dinosaurs, humans will eventually become extinct. Thus, I put the bionic elements in a boat-like shell to motivate people to think about the meaning of life in the contradiction of living and death.
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8
ADAPTING
ENTRANCE
PERCEPTION
ENTERACTION
FUNERAL
IN TO THE UNKOWN
FLOOR
SPACE COMPOSING
9
The sailing vessels indicate courage and exploration of the unknown, while the ships abandoned in the shallows is reminiscent of death. Just like the dinosaurs, humans will eventually become extinct. Thus, I put the bionic elements in a boat-like shell to motivate people to think about the meaning of life in the contradiction of living and death.
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02 550 2ND AVE RESIDENTIAL DESIGN FOR MEDICAL STAFF
Location：Manhattan, USA Individual Work Tutor: Xiaomeng Wang 2023.2-2023.7
“New York is fertile ground to fulfill inventors’ aspirations.” Koolhaas wrote this in Delirious New York. Being built by generations, the city is molded into what people think an ideal city should be. In addition to the eye-catching skyscrapers, Central Park, sky wheels and towers, housing in New York also plays different roles in different times. With trials, errors and fixes in specific problems, the modern architecture is gradually promoted, so as to seek for the best living environment.
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HISTORIC EVOLUTION OF HOUSING IN NEW YORK The public space in apartments was highlighted with goverment intervention
In the 19th century, fire was still one of the major satety hazards in neighborhoods FIRE
MIXED HABITATION
1811
1870s
Manhattan, New York, has undergone many changes in the past two hundred years from the beginning of its establishment to the present
Infectious diseases was a critical problem to affordable apartment dwellers DISEASES
After the war, the rapid growth of urban construction and the influx of workers promoted a dramatically increased demand for real estate in the city.
The invention of the elevator brought about more possibilities to apartment design
TIMES
ELEVATOR
1960s
1980s
21th century
1880
1920s
COMMISSIONER'S PLAN
THE DUMBBELL
LEGISLATION
TOWER IN THE PARK
THE SUPER BLOCK
THE STILT BUILDING
ROOF GARDENS
Commissioner's Plan divides Manhattan land into 2,000 blocks to promote land sales.
There is at least one toilet in every household and at least one elevator in every ten households
Commissioner's Plan divides Manhattan land into 2,000 blocks to promote land sales.
Around 1922 Le Corbusier proposed the tower in the park theory to expand public green space in neighborhoods
I.M.Pei and Partners. Kips Bay Plaza, completed 1960-65 with two pristine luxury slab blocks facing a private park with parking and commercial
In view of the proximity to the coastline, apartment buildings gradually adopted the form of ground floor elevation to prevent flooding Perret
In response to environmental protection and higher land utilization, roof garden and terrace design appeared Perret
In order to increase utilization, only essential functions are available in the apartment
Public space has been paid attention to, and public green space is gradually popularized
The spatial composition is gradually enriched, and the vertical space is better used
HISTORIC EVOLUTION OF HOUSING IN NEW YORK LOCATION Buildings near the site are raised on the ground floor to prevent flooding
Pei Ming apartment, so far preserved in good condition, normal use.
The small commodity market on the site of the site is being prepared for demolition.
KIPS BAY PLAZA
THE EAST RIVER
CONSTRUCTION
The infrastructure around the site is perfect, close to the East River in New York, and the landscape is good
Located in a neighborhood in southern Manhattan near the shoreline, this project is adjacent to Kips Bay Plaza on the west side and enjoys perfect public green space. NYU Langone Health is one of the major medical centers in southern Manhattan. The apartments primarily serve the medical staffs of NYU Langone Health, which creates a temporary living space to rest during shifts. 13
LANGONE HEALTH
The site is currently an abandoned small commodity market and will soon be demolished
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Project Site
PLAN GRAPH
3. PUBLIC BALCONY 4. PUBLIC SITTING AREA
Ground Floor Plan-1 1:500
1. TEMPORARY DORMITORY
5. PUBLIC KITCHEN
2. LONG-TERM HOUSING
6. UNIT SITTING AREA
Standard Floor Plan-1 1:500
T
Standard Floor Plan-II 1:500
o meet the different needs of both long-term residents and occasional resting health care workersThe apartments are categorized the users into two groups: long-term residents and short-term residents.
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For short-term residents, the same bedroom may serve different people at different times. In view of this, I laid out the necessary public spaces (i.e., the kitchen, living room and balcony) for public use while minimizing the private space, so as to create a fast and convenient shared accommodation. 16
KIPS BAY
NYU MEDICAL SCIENCE BUILDING
KIPS BAY
EAST RIVER
SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE I-I 1:400
PUBLIC KITCHEN
SITTING AREA
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CENTRAL ACTIVE AREA
SITTING AREA-SECOND FLOOR
PUBLIC KITCHEN
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SPACE COMPOSITION 1. CENTRAL ACTIVE AREA 1
2
2. PUBLIC KITCHEN
6
4 5
3
7
3. TEMPORARY 4. LONG-TERM
36.000
5. BALCONY 6. SITTING AREA 7. PUBLIC KITCHEN
32.400
28.800
25.200
21.600
BLOCK 2
BLOCK 1
The functional partitioning in the middle part is simpler.The functional Spaces on each floor are also composed of temporary and permanent housing, with two communal kitchens and a large communal lounge area
The individual buildings at either end consist of two floors of unique units.The location of the transportation core and longterm housing remains unchanged Temporary housing and kitchen are distributed up and down.
BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 1
FIELD RESEARCH CENTRAL PUBLIC AREA
Contains two public kitchens and acentral activie area
1. CENTRAL ACTIVE AREA 2. PUBLIC KITCHEN
18.000 BLOCK 2
3. TEMPORARY 4. LONG-TERM 5. BALCONY
14.400
1
2
3
4
6
7
6. SITTING AREA PRIVATE PLACE
It is divided into temporary dormitory and long-term residence
10.800
7. PUBLIC KITCHEN
BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 1
7.200
PUBLIC SPACE
It is divided into a block rest ing area and a floor public rest area, two floors in one group BLOCK 1
3.600
5 BLOCK 1
±0.000
F
or the functional spaces of the apartment, they are grouped on two floors, with temporary housing and communal kitchens alternating up and down to develop a cluster. With respect to the public space, apart from the kitchens and balconies in the cluster, there is also a communal lounge serving the whole floor and connecting the upper and lower floors. Also, each floor has a large balcony and roof garden for outdoor dining.
SECTION II-II 1:200 19
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03 THE INVISIBLE BLOCK URBAN RENEWAL OF WANGFUJING PEDESTRIAN STREET Location：Beijing, China Group field research & Individual Design Tutor: Weifeng Fu 2022.2-2022.4 “The city sucks up these ever-flowing memories like a sponge. The city will not divulge its past, but only hides it like a handprint.” In the 13th century, Marco Polo described to Kublai the cities he passed by on his journey, and categorized them as Memory, Desire, Trade, and Eyes....... In his description, each city has a woman’s name, but none of the cities exist. Calvino in the 20th century made up these unseen cities, and we read about them in 21stcentury Beijing--the place where Marco Polo met Kublai. Like all the other ancient cities, Beijing has left traces of different eras in all corners over the 800 years of history as a capital. These memories are hidden in today’s streets, only to reveal a unique part of the past on specific occasions.
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HUTONG
HOTEL
COMMERCE
PEDESTRIAN STREET
LOCATION ANALYSIS
SPACE COMPOSITION QUADRANGLE DWELLINGS
FOLK CULTURE
GUARDIAN ART CENTER
TEAHOUSE
BEIJING CAPITAL THEATRE
Teahouse is an important public social place in Beijing area in modern times. By extracting the space prototype of teahouse and Siheyuan, the main building of "folk custom" is obtained RELIGIOUS
TREE ARRAY
WANGFUJING CHURCH
GOLD WATER BRIDGE
UNION HOSPITAL INPATIENT DEPARTMENT
BEIJING WANGFUJING DEPARTMENT STORE
The "Religion" section extracts the combination form of the tree array in the Temple of Heaven and combines it with the Jinshui Bridge with Buddhist elements
STREET MARKET
This is an urban renewal project for the Wangfujing Street--an important commercial district located in the Dongcheng District of Beijing, nearby the Palace Museum. Except for Wangfujing Pedestrian Street, which is the main artery, most of the neighborhood are alleys that retain the urban texture of Beijing's traditional dwellings.
BEIJING
DONGCHENG DISTRICT
COMMERCE
GOODS SHELF
FIELD RESEARCH According to the width of alley roads classified by the conservation of Beijing's residential buildings, different images are combined based on 'Xiang' 4.5 meters, 'Hutong' 9 meters and 'Jie' 18 meters.
PEDESTRIAN STREET MAIN ROAD
"Commerce" is the main function of Wangfujing Pedestrian Street. This part of the building extracts the shelves of modern supermarkets and the stalls of traditional markets as prototypes MEMORIAL GATE
MARKET
PUBLIC SPACE
BANNERS AND FLAGS
D
ue to the wide range of functions and abundant cultural symbols, the facade of the neighborhood presents to be rather chaotic. Several site visits also found that outdoor resting platforms are in critical shortage within this neighborhood. In consideration of the above problems, it is decided to renovate the facade and add structures in the southern section to integrate the functions and reproduce the historical memories, and to set up a resting area in the gap at the northern section to meet the residents’ needs. 23
The "market" module refers to the space composition of the traditional commercial street, and with the classical image of the banner, it is translated into a group of structures as a sign of the entrance of the block 24
10F
10F 7F 0.600 ±0.000
ELEVATION I
1F ±0.000 ±0.000 -3.000
-3.000 -0.300
1F 10F
6F 6F
ELEVATION III
6F
ELEVATION II
ELEVATION RENOVATION
Masterplan 1:1000 ELEVATION I 1：1000
W
angfujing Pedestrian Street is the earliest commercial area developed in Beijing after the reform and opening-upAfter years of renewal and reconstruction, the street facade of Wangfujing Pedestrian Street presents a chaotic and uncoordinated shape.Considering that Wangfujing is located in the city center, close to important ancient buildings, and has a Western-style iconic bell tower, 25
ELEVATION III 1：1000
ELEVATION II 1：1000
the diverse, reflecting the surrounding environment, but relatively uniform street facade design is a better solution.
Therefore, I extracted elements such as red brick, stone arches and wood to redesign the facades of the three main buildings.
Corridor
+
Traditional wooden truss
Arch
》
Transform
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Red Brick
+
Mixed brick and glass facade
SPACE COMPOSITION
T
he first part of the structure represents the memory of the traditional market and modern commerce.By reproducing the dimensions of the alley a n d c o m b i n i n g d i f fe re n t elements, this part of the structure is designed to look like shelves placed side by side.
'The city does not consist of this, but of relationships between the measurements of its space and the events ofits past' --INVISIBLE CITIES, CITIES AND MEMORY
The second part of the structure represents the memory of religion and the memory of the SiheyuanThe religious buildings and Siheyuan in the old city of Beijing are often interspersed and distributed, and the courtyards are similar in shape. 27
This church was the same as it was when I was young
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04 WELCOME TO THE NORTHEAST SIPING RAILWAY STATION RECOMSTRUCTION Location：Siping, China Individual Design Tutor: Weifeng Fu 2023.7-2023.10
From the Russian occupation period to WW2, from the firstborn of the Republic to the backward economic zone outside the customs, the Northeast has experienced dramatic ups and downs in the past 100 years .If every city has its own death and life, if the city is chosen by the people and also chooses its own residents, after a hundred years of rise and fall, suffering and glory, what image will it show in the eyes of the people?
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MAPPING
HISTORIC EVOLUTION 1895-1900
1900s-1949
1950s-1990s
1990s-
During the Russian occupation, Siping was selected as an important node along the railway
During the period of Manchukuo, both of the Fengshi warlords and the Japanese government built railways in Northeast
The northeast region was selected as a heavy industrial base, and Siping was selected as a dispatching station
With the closure of the factory, Siping experienced serious population loss, and Siping
OLD TOWN
INDUSTRIAL PARK
INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE
RAILWY
GREENBELT SIZHAO ROAD STATION RIVER
1894
1927
EAST PROVINCE RAILWAY
BATTLE OF SIPING CITY
1940s
1946
IMMIGRATION WAVE
SIPING HEAT PLANT
1960s
1950s
SIPING AUTOMOBILE FACTORY
2022 SITE PARK PLANNING
RU
SSIA
N C
ON
STR
UC
TIO
N O
F T
RA
IN
MA
CH
INE
RY
Siping, located in northeast China, is a heavy industry city that flourished with the opening of the Middle East Railway, the first railway in northeast China. The city was occupied by Russia and Japan before World War II, and was one of the important cities assisted by the Soviet Union after the founding of PRC
Mainly responsible for train maintenance functions, fewer passengers
Responsible for transporting people and supplies, connecting nearby towns and citiesthe apartment
The passenger transport function was replaced by Siping East Station, which performed the function of freight dispatching station
CONCEPT GENERATING RAILWAY BRIDGE DURING THE RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR
This renovation retains the passenger function while introducing the memorial function and commercial. The main body and function of the building are divided into three categories, representing the past, present and future respectively, combining the function of the railway to unfold the misery and glory of Siping City in two dimensions of time and space Reachable
P
P
THE PAST
Reachable
BASIC FUNCTION OF STATION
） ED
H
S LI
O
EM
N
O
I AT
P
SI
G
IN
LD
F
View
PRESENT
STAFF OFFICE
TO THE FUTURE
STRUCTURES
Combine
Reachable
COMMERCE
(D
Combine
THE PLANT
MACHINE REPAIR STATION
ST
Spatial form depends on function
O
Ensure the basic functions of the station and serve passengers when necessary
The layout refers to constructivism and commemorates the memory of factory life in the period of planned economy
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Translate the images of landmark buildings of different historical periods to commemorate the memories of different stages of the city
Constructivism Futurism
SPACE GENERATION
01. BASIC FIGURE
04. GEOMETRICAL RELATIONSHIP
02. ADD DETAILS
03. CONSTITUTIVE
05. HEIGHT DETERMINATION
SIPING RAILWAY STATIONA,1930S
06. ADD DETAILS
SIPING RAILWAY STATIONA,1970S
From top to bottom, the architectural form is divided into three parts: the future, the present, and the past. The future part is composed of structures, representing a series of historical memories such as freight stations and factories, and is a new commemorative function
01. THE WALL 02. ENTRANCE 03. PLATFORM 04. OUTBOUND 05. COMMERCE
From top to bottom, the architectural form is divided into three parts: the future, the present, and the past. The future part is composed of structures, representing a series of historical memories such as freight stations and factories, and is a new commemorative function The underground section is for ticketing, waiting and arrival channels to meet the needs of passengers
07. STRUCTURES
08. ADD DETAILS
SIPING RAILWAY STATIONA,1990S
09. ADD DETAILS
PLANAR GRAPH
PASSENGER OUTPUT LINE
I
5.000
01. OFFICE AREA
-5.000
02. COMMERCE 03. OUTBOUND
PASSENGER INPUT LINE
-0.450
5.000
±0.000
5.000
I
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SECTION PERSPECTIVE I-I 1:300 01. TICKET LOBBY
05. YARD
02. WAITING HALL
06. COMMERCE
03. ENTRANCE
07. TEMPORARY MARKET
04. OFFICE AREA
5.000
5.000
±0.000
-5.000
MAIN BODY 1
ELEVATOR
Horizontally, the main structure of the building can be divided into two parts: platform and station building
COOLING TOWER
The freight elevator is one of Cooling towers are common the landmark buildings of the machinery in chemical plants, freight station, which is mainly usually round, used to cool responsible for loading and gas and liquid products unloading goods, coal and other resources
MAIN BODY 2
Among them, only the station building is available for public visit, and the station is only open to passengers
PLANT
THE WALL
WORK SHOP
RAILWAY BRIDE
The factory is the most common place for workers to stay, usually using truss structures, and there are many ruins in the city
The wall not only plays a role in isolating the space, but also a sign of the factory in many cases, which has a strong commemorative significance
The workshop is a necessary place of industrial production, and during the planned economy period, colleagues in the same workshop are usually neighbors
The Siping Railway Bridge was an important relic of the Russian occupation before it was demolished in 2000 due to disrepair
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08. OUTBOUND
PERSPECTIVES
01
01. OUT BORD
05. OFFICE AREA
02. YARD
06. COMMERCE
03. PLATFORM
07. ENTRANCE
04. THE WALL
03
02
The building adopts grey as the main tone, the structure uses steel structure, and the main functional space uses CLT with grey carpet
04
06
05
Some of the structures have more intense colors. They are distinguished from the other parts and have a stronger visual impact
07
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