THESIS REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL CORRIDOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

INTERNATIONAL CORRIDOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB ,DERA BABA NANAK (PUNJAB)

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHI TECTURE GURU NANAK DEV UNIVERSITY AMRITSAR

Submitted byKHWAHISH ARORA 2014-ARA-020 THESIS GUIDE DR. KARAMJIT SINGH CHAHAL DR. RAWAL SINGH AULAKH

I am grateful to my panel teachers, Dr. Karamjit Singh Chahal & Dr. Rawal Singh Aulakh for their guidance throughout my thesis. Their vast knowledge and experience on the subject gave me valuable and guiding comment at each and every step of my work.

I am thankful to all my teachers for their valuable guidance, my family for their constant support and belief, my batch mates and almighty for sending all above said people to stand beside me.

I would like to thank all the staff members of our department for their help during my thesis. Thanks to all who have helped me directly or indirectly in the completion of my thesis project.

- Khwahish Arora 2014-ARA-020

10th Semester

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

“ ਸਤਿਗੁ ਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਩ਰਗਤਿਆ

ਤ ਿੱਿੀ ਧੁ​ੁੰਦ ਜਿੱਗ ਚਾਨਣ ਹੋਇਆ ਤਜਉ ਕਰ ਸੂ ਰਜ ਤਨਕਤਿਆ ਿਾਰ੃ ਤਿ਩੃ ਅੁੰਧ੃ਰ ਩ਿੋ ਇਆ ”

This is to certify that the Architectural Thesis entitled ―INTERNATIONAL CORRIDOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB‖ is my original work. I shall be solely responsible for the default whatsoever detected during or after the course of thesis.

KHWAHISH ARORA 2014ARA020 B.ARCH(2014-19) RECOMMENDATION This is to certify that KHWAHISH ARORA, a student of Bachelor of Architecture (batch 2014-2019) has submitted Architectural Thesis entitled ―INTERNATIONAL CORRIDOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB‖ is her original work as per the undertaking above and may be accepted as partial fulfilment of Bachelors of .Architecture (five years) degree course.

Thesis Panel AR. (DR.) KARAMJIT SINGH CHAHAL AR. (DR.) RAWAL SINGH AULAKH AR. SHAHEEN SOBTI

Thesis Co-ordinator

Head of The Department

AR. (DR.) MEENAKSHI SINGHAL AR. (DR.)SANDEEP DUA AR. RANBIR KAUR

(THESIS PANEL ATTESTATION)

1. AR. (DR.) KARAMJIT SINGH CHAHAL

2. AR. (DR.)RAWAL SINGH AULAKH

3. AR. SHAHEEN SOBTI

(Signatures Final Jury 1)

(Signatures Final Jury 2)

(Signatures Final Jury 3)

Dated…………………….

UNDERTAKING

Chapter 1 - SYNOPSIS

1.1 Brief History 1.2 Project Brief

12 34 56 78 1 91 0 1

Chapter 2 – LITERATURE

Chapter 3 – CASE STUDY

REVIEW 2.1 About Kartarpur Sahib

6

3.1 Punjab State War Heroes

2.2 Borders

7

Memorial & Museum

9

3.2 Sarai At Ram Tirath Complex

35

56

1.3 Proposal & Validity

1

2.3 The Indo Pak Border

1.4 Location

2

2.4 Shrines Divided During Partition 10

1.5 Climate

3

2.5 What Is Kartarpur Corridor?

11

Chapter 4 – INTERNET STUDY

1.6 Components

3

2.6 Why Kartarpur?

12

4.1 The Wagah Border Complex

69

1.6.1 The Museum

3

2.7 Requirements

13

4.2 Jung-e-azadi, Kartarpur

78

1.6.2 The Boarding Terminal

3

2.8 The Planning Ideology

14

2.9 Components At A Glance

15

Chapter 5 - SITE ANALYSIS

2.10 The Components

16

5.1 Location & proposed corridor

88

5.2 Site & surroundings

89

1.6.3 The Residential Complex 3 1.7 Aim 1.7.1 Design Aim

4 4

2.10.1 The Museum

17

1.8 Objectives

4

2.10.2 The Boarding Terminal

24

1.9 Methadology

5

2.10.3 The Residential Complex

29

Chapter 6 – DESIGN CRITERIA

Chapter 7 - BIBLIOGRAPHY

91

CONTENTS

1.

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Brief History

in pakistan without a visa. The gurudwara is said to

The Partition of 1947 led to The Violent Division of

be one of the holiest places in pakistan, where the

the United India. People were separated from their

founder of sikhism, Guru Nanak spent his last 18

villages, their homes & their places of worship. It

years and formalised the sikhism‘s key tenants.

created a constant desire in the minds of the people to

The kartarpur corridor would not mearly consist of a

see their Birth land & to see their important religious

International Road but also, a whole complex of

places.

museum & cultural center that will include the

One such place is Kartarpur Sahib Gurudwara in the

residential facilities for the pilgrims as well.

Narowal district of Pakistan Punjab which is just 5

1.3 Proposal & Validity

k.m.s away from the Indian town of Dera baba

On November,21 pakistani prime minister, Imran

Nanak. It is said that Shri Guru Nanak spent his last

khan along with army general Kamar Javed Bajwa

days in this area. This place served as an pilgrimage

agreed upon the construction of a corridoor from dera

to the sikhs. But after the partition of India, kartarpur

baba nanak to kartarpur in pakistan therefore granting

got seperated.

visa free access for the pilgrims to the gurudwara in

Since then numerous attempts have been made by

pakistan.

SYNOPSYS

1 INTRODUCTION

religious organisations to address this Humaniterian concern.

1.2 Project Brief The kartarpur corridor would be built on a stretch of 4 kms from Dera Baba Nanak (disst.-Gurdaspur) in

Fig. 1.1

(Source- kartarpur.com)

India to kartarpur (disst- Narowal) in Pakistan. This INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK will enable pilgrims from india to visit the gurudwara

1

SYNOPSYS

(Source- Dainik Jagran dated- 29-112018) The above article was published after the foundation stone laying ceremony

Fig. 1.2

1.4 LOCATION

Fig. 1.3

The site is situated on the international boundary near

(Source- Dainik Jagran dated- 22-11-2018)

gurudwara saun singh randhawa at Dera Baba Nanak. The nearest railway station is just 3kms away from the site.

Fig. 1.4

(Source- kartarpur.com)

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

Fig. 1.5

2

at the gurudwara itsef. The shuttle bus terminal would

The temperature in dera baba nanak is characterised

be comprised of the registration department, the

by long hot summers & cold short winters. Due to the

security

presence of river ravi nearby, the mean temperature

department & customs.

throughout the year, is pretty comfortable with cool

1.6.3 THE RESIDENTIAL COMPLEX

nights in summers.

According to the Sources, A 3 day prior registration

1.6 COMPONENTS

would be required for the visit and only 500 pilgrims

The whole complex would be divided in three parts as follows:1.6.1 THE MUSEUM The museum will serve as a major attraction for the visitors apart from the corridor. The museum will showcase the life & teachings of guru nanak, the founder of sikhism.

department

consisting

of

immigration

SYNOPSYS

1.5 CLIMATE

per day that too in a group of 15 persons would be allowed to pay visit to the shrine. Due to the vast amount of pilgrims, a yatri niwas, Therefore to be set up in the premises.

The residential complex would be having direct access to the museum & the boarding terminal providing easy access to the facilities.

1.6.2 THE PASSAGE The high security passage would comprised of a

boarding terminal, that would provide transportation of the pilgrims to the other side of the border. The bus would start at from the indian side & would stop only

Fig. 1.6 (Source- Dainik Jagran)

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

3

yatri niwas that can haldle a large

The main aim of the project is connect dera baba

number of pilgrims taking in consideration of the

nanak with an important shrine in pakistan, kartarpur

security measures.

sahib. The coridoor would provide a safe pasage to

1.8.2 The deign should be such that it should

the indian pilgrims to pay visit to the shrine that too

streamline the experience of the visitors.

visa-free. Along with the coridoor a museum would

Providing smooth visit to the shrine.

be setup near the premesis on indian side that would

1.8.3 The design of the whole complex would be such

showcase the teachings & tenents of guru nanak,

that it would provide a sense of

during his last 18 years here. This corridor would not

security to all the pilgrims & to prevent any unwanted

only be important for tourism point of view but also

activity.

brings communal harmony between the people of

1.8.4 Use of Nanak Shahi bricks as to connect with

both the nations.

those times

SYNOPSYS

1.7 AIM

1.7.1 Design Aim The design of the whole complex should be such that

(Source- Ministery Of External Affairs)

it should connect every pilgrim With the Life of Guru Nanak. How Guru Nanak spemt his last days in this area,

portraying through museums, exhibition halls etc.

1.8 OBJECTIVE 1.8.1 Construction of a museum, boarding terminal

Fig. 1.7

Questions asked by the member of parliament from the ministery of external affairs regarding corridor

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

4

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

SYNOPSYS

1.9 METHADOLOGY OF THE PROJECT

5

2.

LITERATURE REVIEW

SYNOPSYS

2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Kartarpur Sahib : Last Abode Of Guru Nanak Situated on Indo-Pak border on Pakistani side Kartarpur is the place where Guru Nanak passed away 466 years ago on Monday Sept. 22, 1539 AD. The interesting part of the story which makes it a universal place is that when Nanak abandoned his mortal body the question arose whether it should be cremated in the Islamic or Hindu way

since both Hindus and Muslims were his followers. Each claimed his body. There are legends and legends but the harsh reality of the present day is that there are three mausoleums standing at Kartarpur. A Smadh and a Grave are in Pakistan territory while the third one is in India i.e. one tomb of each community: Hindu, Muslims and Sikhs.

Then there is river Raavi making a garland of serene waters around Kartarpur. It is for this reason that Kartarpur is called a universal shrine.

Kartarpur building stands out singly as there is no habitation around. Though there is a railway connection to it and the station is named 'Darbar Sahib' on the Lahore- Chak Amru line. Kartarpur is situated in the tehsil Shakkar Garh district Narowal of West Punjab and is about 60 Km from Lahore. Opposite nearest town on the Indian side is Dera Baba Nanak Before Partition of the country in 1947, Kartarpur was in district Gurdaspur. When Sir Cyril Radcliffe drew the boundary-line he happened to allot the whole of district Gurdaspur to Pakistan (see June 3, 1947 Plan). But how could the Universal Shrine go to Pakistan alone? Gurdaspur was bisected. Radcliffe's scissor made a cut right across Kartarpur; half of it going to Pak and other to India.

The 1965 war was target peace and our Army bombarded the bridge over river Ravi that connected twin towns of three tombs spread in two warring countries. Since then this shrine has remained completely abandoned.

(Source- kartarpur.com) INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

6

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.2 BORDERS Borders are Geographic boundaries of political entities or legal

jurisdictions,

such

as

governments,

sovereign

states, federated states, and other subnational entities. Borders are established through agreements between political or social entities that control those areas; the creation of these agreements is called boundary delimitation.

Some borders—such as a state's internal administrative border, or inter-state borders

within the Schengen Area—are

often open and completely unguarded. Other borders are partially or fully controlled, and may be crossed legally only at designated border checkpoints and are controlled.

Fig. 2.2

(Source- wikipedia.com)

2.2.1 WHAT IS L.O.C. ?

A line of control (LoC) refers to a militarized buffer border between two or more nations that is yet to be resolved or implemented for permanent border status. LoC borders are

under military control and are not recognized as an official international border. Formally known as a cease-fire line an LoC was first created as a way to buffer war borders during the Simla Agreement. Similar to a cease-fire line an LoC is the result of war, stalemates and land ownership conflict Fig. 2.1 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

(Source- wikipedia.com) 7

natural borders are:

2.2.2.1 Political borders

2.2.2.2.1 Oceans: oceans create very costly natural

Political borders are imposed on the world through

borders. Very few countries span more than

human agency. That means that although a political

one continent. Only very large and resource-rich

border may follow a river or mountain range, such a

states are able to sustain the costs of governance

feature does not automatically define the political

across oceans for longer periods of time. For

border, even though it may be a major physical

example North Korea & South Korea

barrier to crossing.

2.2.2.2.2 Rivers: some political borders have been

Political borders are often classified by whether or

formalized along natural borders formed by rivers.

not they follow conspicuous physical features on the

Some examples are: the Niagara River (Canada–

earth. For Example, border between India &

USA),

Pakistan, Israel & Palestine and U.S. & Mexico

the

2.2.2.2 Natural borders

the Mekong (Thailand–Laos).

the Rhine

Rio

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.2.2 Types of Borders

Grande(Mexico–USA),

(France–Germany),

and

Natural borders are geographical features that present natural obstacles to communication and transport. Existing political borders are often a formalization of such historical, natural obstacles.

Some geographical features that often constitute

(tripoint of israel, syria & jordan)

Fig. 2.3 (Source- wikipedia.com)

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

8

Drafted and created based upon the Radcliffe line in

2.3.1 Brief introduction The

India–Pakistan Border,

known locally as

1947, the border, which divides Pakistan and India from each other, traverses a variety of terrains ranging from

the International Border (IB), is an international border running between India and Pakistan that demarcates the Indian states and the Pakistani four provinces. The border runs from the Line of Control (LoC), which separates the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir from Pakistani-controlled Kashmir, in the north, to the Zero Point between the Indian state of Gujarat and the Sindh province of Pakistan, in the south.

major urban areas to inhospitable deserts. Since the independence of India and Pakistan (see British India), the border has been a site of numerous conflicts

and wars between each country, and is one of the most

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.3 THE INDO-PAK BORDER

complex borders in the world. The border's total length is 2,900 km (1,800 mi), It is also one of the most dangerous borders in the world, based on an article written in the Foreign Policy in 2011. It can be seen from space at night due to the 150,000 flood

Fig. 2.4

lights installed by India on about 50 thousand poles.

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

(Š NASA Earth Observatory)

9

2.4.1 Nankana Sahib, the most sacred Sikh place; the location of the birth of the Sikh founder, Guru Nanak Dev. The city is home to numerous gurdwaras. It is situated in the Nankana district of Punjab Pakistan.

2.4.2 Kartarpur Sahib, this place is situated in the Narowal district of Pakistan Punjab, which is just 4.5 kms. away from the Indian border in Dera Baba Nanak district Gurdaspur ( Punjab).

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.4 Shrines divides during partition

Various Other Gurudwaras are also situated in Pakistan. These Gurudwaras are historically and devotionally significant Every year thousand of ‗Jathas‘ (Group of Pilgrims) travel to Pakistan just to make visit to these shrines. Every year, most of the tourists, due to the visa restrictions cannot make it unto their journey.

Due to this vary reason the idea of a dedicated corridor, The Kartarpur Corridor, kartarpur being closer to Indian border, was put up by

PM Indira Gandhi in 1969 on the 500th birth anniversary of Guru Nanak Dev, but later in 1998, PM Vajpayee & Pakistan's PM Nawaz Sharif Proposed the project. Now after 50 years after the first proposal, this project is

finally being executed on the comemmoration Fig. 2.5

(Source: The Times Of India) of Guru Nanak‘s 550 birth Anniversary.

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

10

nations of India and Pakistan, connecting the Sikh shrines of Dera Baba Nanak Sahib (located in Punjab, India) and Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur (in Punjab, Pakistan). Currently under planning, the corridor is intended to allow religious devotees from India to visit the Gurdwara in Kartarpur, 4.7 kilometres (2.9 miles) from the Pakistan-India border, without a visa.

The Kartarpur Corridor was first proposed in early 1998 by the prime ministers of Pakistan and India, Nawaz Sharif and Atal Bihari Vajpayee, respectively, as part of (Š Xubayr Mayo)

Fig. 2.6

LITERATURE REVIEW

The Kartarpur Corridor is a proposed border corridor between the neighboring

the Delhi–Lahore Bus diplomacy.

On 26 November 2018, the foundation stone for the Kartarpur corridor was laid down on the Indian side. Two days later the foundation stone for the corridor was laid down on the Pakistani side. The corridor will reportedly be completed before the 550th anniversary of Guru Nanak Dev in November 2019.

The prime minister of India, Narendra Modi, compared the decision to go ahead with

the corridor by the two countries to the fall of the Berlin Wall, saying that the project may help in easing tensions between the two countries.However, Indian Army chief

2.5 What Is

Bipin Rawat said on 28 November 2018 that Kartarpur should be viewed in

Kartarpur Corridor ?

"isolation" and not linked to anything else, adding that it was a unilateral decision.

Currently pilgrims from India have to take a bus to Lahore to get to Kartarpur, which is a 125 km journey, despite the fact that people on the Indian side of the border can physically see Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur on the Pakistani side. An elevated platform has also been constructed for the same on the Indian side, where people use binoculars to get a good view.

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

11

Situated on Indo-Pak border on Pakistani side Kartarpur is the place where Guru Nanak passed away 466 years ago

on Monday Sept. 22, 1539 AD. The interesting part of the story which makes it a universal place is that when Nanak abandoned his mortal body the question arose whether it should be cremated in the Islamic or Hindu way since both Hindus and Muslims were his followers. Each claimed his body. There are legends and legends but the harsh reality of the present day is that there are three mausoleums standing at Kartarpur. A Smadh and a Grave are in Pakistan territory while the third one is in India i.e one tomb of each community: Hindu, Muslims and Sikhs.

Then there is river Raavi making a garland of serene waters around Kartarpur. It is for this reason that Kartarpur is

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.6 Why kartarpur? Brief history

called a universal shrine.

Kartarpur building stands out singly as there is no habitation around. Though there is a railway connection to it and the station is named 'Darbar Sahib' on the Lahore- Chak Amru line. Kartarpur is situate d in the tehsil Shakkar Garh district Narowal of West Punjab and is about 60 Km from Lahore. Opposite nearest town on the Indian side is Dera Baba Nanak Before Partition of the country in 1947, Kartarpur was in district Gurdaspur. When Sir Cyril Radcliffe drew the boundary-line he happened to allot the whole of district Gurdaspur to Pakistan (see June 3, 1947 Plan). But how could the Universal Shrine go to Pakistan alone? Gurdaspur was bisected. Radcliffe's scissor made a cut right across Kartarpur; half of it going to Pak and other to India.

The 1965 war was target peace and our Army bombarded the bridge over river Ravi that connected twin towns of three tombs spread in two warring countries. Since then this shrine has remained completely abandoned.

Fig. 1.5

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

(Š Kartarpur.com) 12

Below are some reason for the kartarpur sahib corridor 2.7.1 Kartarpur is Situated on the Indo-Pak border on the Pakistani Side, where the founder of Sikhism, Guru Nanak Dev spent his last days.

2.7.2 Pakistan being an important historically significant place, is comprised of various gurudwaras.

2.7.3 There Were three Gurudwaras in that area, but after the partition, one of them got separated to Pakistan,

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.7 REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEDICATED CORRIDOR ?

which is known by the name of Kartarpur Sahib. The remaining two situated on the Indian side. viz. Chola Sahib & Darbar Sahib.

2.7.4 Before the proposal of the corridor the pilgrims from India have to catch a bus from Lahore which is around 125kms. away from kartarpur.

2.7.5 Most of the Indian tourist who are unable to visit the shrine due to Visa & other Restrictions can now visit the shrine with the opening of the corridor.

2.7.6 The western Part of Punjab where Dera Baba Nanak is situated is suffering from acute backwardness in terms of businesses & infrastructure, The proposal of the corridor would not only be important as an religious point of view but also will boost tourism & will improve the economy of Dera Baba Nanak.

(Š Kartarpur.com)

Fig. 1.1 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

13

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.8 The Planning Idea Of The Kartarpur Corridor Complex

Fig. 2.9

(Present border scenerio at dera baba nanak)

Fig. 2.7

Fig. 2.8

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

14

KARTARPUR CORIDOOR COMPONENTS

THE MUSEUM

EXHIBITION GALLERIES

FOOD COURT

OPEN AIR THEATRE

THE PASSAGE

REGISTRATIO N OFFICE

BOARDING TERMINAL

EMMIGRATIO N

YATRI NIWAS

ADMINISTRAT ION

IMMIGRATIO N

CUSTOMS

SECURITY CHECK

SECURITY AGENCIES

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.9 Components at a Glance

THE RESIDENCE

RESTAURANT S

SERVICES

Fig. 2.10

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

15

Kartarpur

The whole project is divided into three components,

tehsil

viz.

District in Punjab, Pakistan, on the right bank of

2.10.1 The museum

the Ravi River. It is said to have been founded by

2.10.2 The passage/boarding terminal, and

the first guru of Sikhism, Guru Nanak, where he

2.10.3 The yatri niwas

established

Based on these three components literature studies has

name Kartarpur means "place of God―.

been done corresponding to the similar case studies.

belived that before the partition Dera baba nanak

is

located

Shakargarh,

the

first

Sikh

in

the Narowal

commune.

The

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.10 The Components

It is

& Kartarpur was a single town but after that

Present scenario

radcliffe‘s line the town is seperated into two.

Seperating all the religious places and all the people from there homelands.

PRESENT VILLAGE KARTARPUR SAHIB Fig. 2.11 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

16

2.10.1.2 THE MUSEUM - TODAY

The word museum has originated from the word

Today a museum can be defined as an ― institution

―muse‖, which in the Greek mythology were nine

which performs all, or most of the following

goddess who ruled over art and science. Plato‘s

functions: collecting, preserving, exhibiting and

academy in the fourth century B.C. was a museum.

interpreting the natural and cultural objects of our

Members of the museum have come a long way

environment‖, its mission being two – fold the

from the time when they were merely treasure

advancement and diffusion of knowledge, and the

houses for the preservation of the lities. The

enhancement of that awareness which affords

definition of the museum has been continually

pleasure and delight.

analysed, revised and substantiated and the lists of

The museum has been a symbol of education,

functions a museum must perform has been

research and recreation and each museum is

growing. Both the basic, the fundamental and the

specialised in certain field, example art museum –

characteristic activity of the museum still remain

dealing

unchanged though, and that is of exhibiting its

archaeological finds, natural history museum –

collection.

preservation a rare collection pf flora and fauna. As

with

the

development

of

art

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.10.1.1 MUSEUM – THE ORIGIN

in

science and technology increases, so does the range

of museum.

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

17

2.10.1.3.1 SERVED SPACE (public zone): These are the areas directly devoted to communication. Spaces like display galleries, lecture room, classrooms, books and PC counters etc.

2.10.1.3.2 SERVENT SPACE (private zone): These are the areas devoted to serve the served space and are not used by the general public. Spaces like mechanical rooms, offices, store rooms etc.

2.10.1.3.3 ANCILLARY SPACE (personal zone): These are the areas of personal or social importance like restaurants and wash rooms etc.

LITERATURE REVIEW

Ideally all the exhibition spaces should be located together, or as nearly together.

This will facilitate maintaining security.

Public lobbies, stairs and other circulation spaces are usually more architecturally expressive than exhibition spaces.

2.10.1.3 The museum has a very clear organization of served and servant spaces:

Placement of exhibition spaces

2.10.1.4 SPATIAL ORGANISATION Museums operate best with a simple and clear floor plan.

2.10.1.5 OUTDOOR SPACES The outdoor services should provide a visual and functional complement to other spaces inside, including public circulation, the lobby, food services, retail, and exhibition areas.

2.10.1.6 EXHIBITION SPACES Which create certain amount of interest.

Should be flexible enough.

(Source- Times Savers Standards) Fig. 2.12

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

18

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.10.1.7 SERVICES Location and the proximity of the services are very important.

Vehicular circulation and mechanical elements such as loading dock driveways, receiving for food services and the cafeteria.

2.10.1.8 CIRCULATION: 2.10.1.8.1 EXTERNAL CIRCULATIONBased on the zones.

Circulation of visitors Circulation of staff Circulation of objects and goods etc.

2.10.1.8.2 INTERNAL CIRCULATIONThe internal circulation should be such so as visitors should not have to turn back through the rooms already seen, for the exit. See fig. 2.13 There should be the area with in the circulation where visitors can decide which galleries to visit of his Fig. 2.13

(Source- Times Savers Standards)

particular interest.

Planning is to great extent influenced by the ‗viewing sequence‘.

Consider rounding or angling corners so there is a sight line to the intersecting corridor. See fig. 2.14

Fig. 2.14

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

(Source- Times Savers Standards) 19

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.10.1.9 LIGHTING:

2.10.1.9.1 NATURAL LIGHTING By means of atriums and cut out spaces, especially by north lighting Ref. fig. 2.15

2.10.1.9.2 ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING Fluorescent lighting.

Vertical Lighting

Fig. 2.14

(Source- Jagjit)

Side Lighting Internal case lighting External lighting.

Lighting from below as well as from

upper light box to reduce effect of shadows and to light undersides of objects; light source must be masked, Backlighting.

Fig. 2.15

(Source- Nueferts)

Strip lights ref fig 2.15

Fig. 2.15 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

(Source- Jagjit) 20

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.10.1.10 THE MUSEUMS Nowadays many museum buildings are also used as cultural centres, and this possibility must be included in the planning stage. Spaces must be available for permanent and temporary exhibitions, libraries,

media

rooms

and

lecture

theatres. There should be places for relaxation and refreshments, as well as space for transport, storage, conservation, workshops and administration.

Technological innovations are having a big effect not only on museum function, but also on the design of exhibits. Two examples are the computerisation of collection

records

and

design

documentation, and lamp miniaturisation and fibre optics and their on lighting design.

Fig. 2.16 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

(Source- Nueferts) 21

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.10.1.11 The museum : form The massing of museum building blocks I.E. The massing concept of the public as The administrative or non public areas. ref. fig. 2.19 Types of form2.10.1.11.1 Additive form ref. fig. 2.17, & 2.10.1.11.2 Subtractive form ref. fig. 2.18 Fig. 2.17

Fig. 2.18

Fig. 2.19

(© TIMES SAVERS STANDARDS)

While a subtractive form results from the removal of a portion of its original volume, an additive form is produced by relating or

physically attaching one or more subordinate form to its volumes.

(© form, space and order) INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

22

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.10.1.12 Properties of form, ref. 2.21 2.10.1.12.1 SHAPE- the characteristic outline or surface configuration of a particular form.

2.10.1.12.2 SIZE- the physical dimension of length, width & depth of a form 2.10.1.12.3 COLOUR- the phenomenon of light that is perceived by the individual‘s perception.

2.10.1.12.4 TEXTURE- the visual & the tactile quality given to any surface.

2.10.1.12.5 POSITION- the location of a form relative

to its environment or the visual field within which it is seen.

2.10.1.12.6 ORIENTATION- the direction of a form relative to the ground plane.

2.10.1.12.7

VISUAL

INERTIA-

the

degree

of

concentration and stability of a form.

The internal circulation with respect To the form of the Building. Ref. fig. 2.20 Fig. 2.21

(© form, space and order)

Fig. 2.20 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

23

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.10.2 THE PASSAGE: PLANNING The passage consists of two blocks • The administrative/security

THE PASSAGE

• The boarding terminal

THE BOARDING TERMINAL

ADMININISTRATIVE

SECURITY OFICE

SECURITY CHECK

THE REGISTRATION WING BUS BAYS

IMMIGRATION /CUSTOMS

Fig. 2.22

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

24

Taking an example of the amritsar B.R.T.S. The standards of the boarding terminal can be taken Fig. 2.23

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

(source- B.R.T.S. Amritsar)

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.10.2.1 THE BOARDING TERMINAL : ROAD SECTIONS

25

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

(source- B.R.T.S. Amritsar)

LITERATURE REVIEW

Fig. 2.24

26

2.10.2.2 FUNCTION : PARKING & BUS STANDARDS & ROAD BASICS

LITERATURE REVIEW

Fig. 2.27

Fig. 2.25

(source- nueferts)

For bus standards refer fig. 2.25, for standard road sections ref. fig. 2.26, for Fig. 2.26

parking layout refer fig. 2.27

(source- nueferts) INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

27

For

standard

turning

radius

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.10.2.3 FUNCTION BUS TURNING AND PARKING STANDARDS

Fig. 2.27

bus and

turning loops for bus terminal

refer

fig.

2.27.

For bus parking layout ref. fig. 2.27 11 & 12

(© NUEFERTS) INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

28

2.10.3.1 Conditions for designing a sarai

inconvenience to the guests.

3. Provision of loading and unloading areas.

Sarai and the hotel comes under the same building 4. Segregation of main hotel entrance from banquet entrance typology therefore the designing criteria of both would be the same upto some aspects

2.10.3.1.3 View

2.10.3.1.1 Developing the site and the master plan for

Guest rooms view often are crucial and are captured by:

the hotel/sarai

1. Orientation of the building

In establishing the concept for the site it is critical to

2. Developing the built form

prioritize the programs and goals:

Incase of a low-rise profile or absence of

1. The views from the public spaces and the guest rooms.

360deg.natural view, it is mandatory to:

2. Alternate amenities for different guest segments, say

1. Create interesting features or treat the terrain in

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.10.3 THE RESIDENTIAL COMPLEX

different ways.

families or group travellers.

3. Conserving a portion of the site for the future

2. Designing small gardens or pleasant landscape vistas.

Incase of special view of mountains or beach or a

development

religious shrine:

2.10.3.1.2 Accessibility and circulation 1. Segregation of the vehicular and the

1. The guest rooms may be constructed as a singlyloaded corridor building with rooms on the view side.

pedestrian routes 2. Access to the service areas (load, trash and employee entrance) for max. efficiency while

avoiding

cross

circulation

or

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

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LITERATURE REVIEW

2.10.3.2 The area requirements for a hotel/sarai wrt the configuration

Fig. 2.28

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

30

2.10.3.3.1 Zoning of sarai/hotel

hotel staff. These spaces must be handled and planned with

Hotels contain two distinct worlds (areas):

one thought

•the world of the guest, called the front of house (FOH),

approbation of the guests.

and

BACK OF THE HOUSE:

•the world of hotel operations, called the back of house

Back of house facilities vary by the type of hotel, the

(BOH).

differences in operators' philosophies, and the need for

There are personnel who go from one world to the other

service at the particular site. The level of service each

throughout the day and personnel who remain only in their

operator provides often corresponds to the ratio of

own areas, unseen by the guests.

employees to guests. It includes spaces for laundry

Typically, a hotel program separates these worlds into four

facilities, housekeeping department, food and beverage

main categories: • GUEST ROOMS • PUBLIC AREAS • TRUE BACK OF HOUSE SUPPORT AREAS

in mind:

%age area requirements 5% 11%

It comprises every area that the guest will see; lobbies, spaces,

rest

rooms,

continued

service, mechanical spaces , etc.

FRONT OF THE HOUSE:

dinning

convenience and

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.10.3.3 The area requirements for a hotel/sarai wrt the function

passenger elevators,

corridors, hotel rooms etc and where they interact with the

9% 6% 5%

62%

Fig. 2.29

accomodation reception, hall lounge restaurants/langar hall Group dorms kitchens, stores adm., management maintainance and repair

Ref: Hotel design- planning and development, Walter A.Rutes INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

31

Consider solar gain; generally N/S is preferable to E/W

2.10.3.4.1 Designing of the guest rooms

exposures.

The hotel guest rooms accommodates one to four or more FLOOR LAYOUT people, sometimes with several activities. The plan of the Organize the plan so that the guestrooms occupy at least typical hotel room shows these several zones:

70% of the gross floor area.

1. SLEEPING

1. Locate the elevators and the stairs at interior

2. RELAXING

locations to use maximum of the outside wall for

3. WORKING

guest rooms.

4. ENTERTAINING

2. Develop the corridor plan to facilitate guest and staff

5. DRESSING

circulation.

2.10.3.4.2 GUEST ROOM FLOOR PLANNING

3. Place the elevator lobby in middle- third of the

OBJECTIVES

structure.

SITTING AND ORIENTATION

4. Provide service elevator, linen storage, and vending in

1. Site the guestroom structure to be visible from the

a central location.

road.

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.10.3.4 The room layout

5. Locate handicapped guestrooms on lower floors

2. Orient guestrooms to enhance the views.

3. Assess the relative visual impact and construction cost

SLEEPING

of the various guestroom plan configuration.

4. Position the guestroom structure to limit its structural impact on the ballroom and other major public spaces.

RELAXING DRESSING Fig. 2.30

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

ENTERTAINING

WORKING 32

4. It is necessary to make separate provision for

Kitchen

receiving and handling different types of goods,

Planning objectives

taking into account their nature and storage

1. Straight line flow of food from storage------serving.

requirements.

2. Eliminate cross- traffic and back tracking.

STORAGE

3. Minimize distance between kitchen serving area and1. Food: needing cold stores, vegetable stores and dry restaurant seating.

LITERATURE REVIEW

Back of the house

goods stores Laundry and soft furnishings: linen

4. Arrange compact work centres.

stores

5. Group all walk-in refrigerators and freezers together2. General: crockery and cutlery stores, cleaning

to share common walls and compressors.

equipment stores, storage for maintenance plant,

SERVICES

furniture and general goods and

1. Secondary access is required for goods and service3. Fuel: oil storage tanks and solid fuel enclosures. vehicles with adequate provision for turning, loading and unloading.

2. It is normally from a road different from the main entrance.

KITCHEN STORAGE

3. Staff access is usually through the service entrance to

LOADING/UNLOADING

simplify control.

COOKING AREA

Fig. 2.31 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

33

3.

CASE STUDY

individual project basis but on their ideology, expression & their functional criteria 3.1 Case study 1- Punjab state war heroes

premises. Ram tirtha sarai is one such sarai built on the birth place of luv kush. As in fig. 3.2 memorial Fig. 3.1

(source- worldarchitecture.org)

Fig. 3.2

(source- author)

memorial & museum, Amritsar

S T U D Y

The case studies are not strictly based on the

Therefore a world class sarai is required in the

C A S E

Case study selection criteria

Reason for choice- based on the similar theme of borders & army. This museum is in close context with the kartarpur corridor, as all the wars that took place in the past is due to the physical boundaries & kartarpur corridor will diminish all those physical as well as mental boundaries. As in fig. 3.1 3.2 Case study 2- Ram tirath sarai, Amritsar Reason for choice- the kartarpur corridor is the long awaited demand of the Indian community.

With the functioning of the corridor, it would attract a lot of tourists from India & abroad.

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

34

comemmoration of all the heroes martyred in wars in the various time periods, ranging from the mughal wars to the 1971 indo-pak war, kargil war etc.

Fig. 3.3

S T U D Y

Situated in amritsar on nh-1, on the

C A S E

3.1 CASE STUDY 1- PUNJAB STATE WAR HEROES MUSEUM & MEMORIAL

(source- wikipedia.com)

A SECTION OF THE MOTIVATION AREA

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

35

The project covers the heroism and sacrifices on the sacred soil of

Fig. 3.4

(source- google maps)

C A S E

3.1 PUNJAB STATE WAR HEROES MEMORIAL & MUSEUM Punjab from the days Alexander the Great up to the Kargil War and the

S T U D Y

ongoing proxy war. It also covers the origins of Miri Piri which evolved at the time of the sixth Guru, Guru Hargobind Singh ji.

The proposed project is named as 'Punjab State War Heroes Memorial & Museum' with estimated cost of Rs. 300 crores & consist of 45 meters high Sword installed in the central vista of the museum having following 8 galleries depicting the sacrifices and heroic deeds from the times of the sixth Guru till Kargil operations: Gallery 1- Orientation and Antiquity.

PUNJAB STATE WAR HEROES MEMORIAL AND MUSEUM

Fig. 3.5 (wikipedia.com)

Gallery 2- Guru Hargobind Ji till rise of Sikh Empire.

Gallery 3- The Sikh Empire and Anglo-Sikh Wars.

Gallery 4- British Rule up to Partition (1846-1947).

Gallery 5- J&K Ops 1947-48.

Gallery 6- Indo China War 1962.

Gallery 7- Indo-Pak Wars (1965-1971) and OP Pawan /OP Cactus.

Gallery 8- Kargil War 1999.

Arcade PUNJAB STATE WAR HEROES MEMORIAL AND MUSEUM

is

located Opposite to Sham Singh Attari Chownk on NH1 on AmritsarAttari road, Amritsar.

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

36

3.1.1 SITE PLAN

C A S E

PUNJAB STATE WAR HEROES MEMORIAL & MUSEUM

The project consist of war memorial, motivational gallery,

S T U D Y

wall of Honour, open exhibition public amenities shops cafeteria, 7D theatre ref. fig. 3.7 Architect – Kapoor and sons Associates.

Total site area 8.1 acres Ground coverage 20% F.A.R. 0.8 Permissible height of the area is 23m.

Height of the sword is 45 m which is covered under the exception height limit of the airport authority. Ref. fig. 3.6 The site has two gateways one used for entrance and other used as exit which are 10 m wide and one other gateway used as service entrance to the site.

40% of the site is basement used for services and parking purpose

Fig. 3.6 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

37

C A S E

3.1.2 THE LAYOUT OF THE COMPLEX The project consist of war memorial, motivational gallery, wall of Honour, open exhibition public amenities shops cafeteria, 7D (source- worldarchitecture.org)

AXIS

Fig. 3.7

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

S T U D Y

Fig. 3.1

38

3.1.3.1 TOPOGRAPHY 2) The design is site responsive such that it matches with site Character.

3.1.3.2 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS 1) Climate of Amritsar is a monsoon-influenced humid

subtropical climate with high variation between summer and winter temperatures and precipitation. It has relatively dry winters and has a prolonged spell of very hot weather 2) Maximum temperature of the city reaches up to 4546 degree Celsius in summers and minimum temperature in winter season falls down to 1 degree Celsius. January is the coldest month with average minimum temperature of 7 degree Celsius.

3.1.3.3 RAINFALL

received during this period. Some amount of rainfall is received from western disturbances during winter season.

3.1.3.4 WINDFLOW It is influenced by southwest monsoon winds in the summer and westerly and northwesterly winds during

S T U D Y

1) Plot is irregular in shape with primarily flat terrain.

to September. About 80% of the total rainfall is

C A S E

3.1.3 SITE ANALYSIS

the winter. The wind direction is NW and SE. refer fig.

3.8

3.1.3.5 PLANNING & ZONING 1) While planning the architect took care of easy connectivity and components that connects us to the historical mile stones 2) E-w is the major axis of the site. Planning is done on different levels to provide a clear skyline to the memorial deck. Refer fig. 3.8 3) The main purpose of placement of the museum blocks at the back of the memorial deck is to use the

1) Annual rainfall of the Amritsar is about 600mm.

Rainfall is unevenly distributed and decreases from south east to southwest. Rainy season starts from July

elevation of the museum building as the screen. Refer fig. 3.8

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

39

C A S E

3.1.4 CIRCULATION The site can be divided into two circulations EXTERIOR (vehicular and pedestrian) and INTERIOR (vertical and horizontal).

2)

Refer fig. 3.8 for enterior circulation.

3)

Refer 3.9 for interior circulation

SERVICE AND VIP LANE

Wind direction

S T U D Y

1)

Fig. 3.8

CORE MEMORIAL AREA PARKING PEDISTRIAN CIRCULATION MAIN ROAD CONNECTION TO THE SITE INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

40

C A S E

3.1.4.1 CIRCULATION IN THE EXHIBITION GALLERIES

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

S T U D Y

Fig. 3.9

41

6) Water from rain water harvesting water tank is further carried to underground S.T.P. with the help

1) Total of 12 M.H are created on the site.

of 80 mm pipes.

2) 250 mm RCC pipes are running throughout to carry

Fig. 3.10

the waste to the underground S.T.P. 3) S.T.P is located at the western part of the site.

S T U D Y

3.1.5.1 Sewage system

C A S E

3.1.5 BUILDING SERVICES

4) 1:1.95 Slope of the pipe for sewage system.

3.1.5.2 Rainwater harvesting system 1) Only museum buildings and shops cum office building is used for rain water harvesting.

2) Total of 10 C.B are provides at a minimum distance of 11 m.

A VIEW OF HV LT & HVAC SYSTEMS

3) Water from these buildings is collected in these C.B. 4) C.B are further connected to the de-silting chamber 5) Rain water harvesting water tank is provided on the left of the museum building, of capacity 1.0 lakh lit.

Fig. 3.11 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

42

WATER SUPPLY

C A S E

3.1.5.3 Water supply 1) Municipal water supply and tube wells are

S T U D Y

the two source of water supply to the site.

2) If enough quantity of municipal water supply is not available then part of tube well comes into roll.

3) Municipal water supply and tube wells are directly connected to underground water

tank of capacity 1.5 lakh lit., dimension about 4100 x 7000 x 5300 cu mm.

4) Domestic water tank of capacity 1.20 lakh lit. Of dimension 3250 x 7000x 5300 cu mm.

5) 100 mm pipes are running throughout the site for water 6) Refer plan at fig. 3.12 for the plumbing layout of the complex.

Fig. 3.12 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

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C A S E

FIRE FIGHTING

S T U D Y

3.1.5.4 FIREFIGHTING 1) There

are

21

E.F.H

distributed

throughout the site.

2) The External field yard Hydrant get its supply from pump house sited in the basement.

3) 150mm pipes are used for this system

connected to the pump room.

CO2 type fire extinguishers and chemical Powder fire extinguishers are also used on the site. Refer fig. 3.13 for the fire fighting Fig. 3.13

plan of the whole complex.

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

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C A S E

3.1.6 MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION Construction system is R.C.C. Roof is made up of girder system.

Steel supported stair case.

R.C.C. jail is used along with Nanak sahi bricks.

5) Glass curtain walls.

6) Aluminum panels are used on the elevation Ref. fig. 3.1

1

S T U D Y

1) 2) 3) 4)

2

3.1.7 ARCHITECTUREL EXPRESSION 1) The approach of the architect is all modern, yet some basic Sikh architecture can be seen in pseudo form.

3

2) The elevation of the museum building behind the memorial complex is used as a mural screen.

3) Water is used in the design to create a connection between the audience and memories.

4) THE SWORD- is made up of alloy steel weighing tones, 45m height creates a gigantic

4

impression.

5) Ref fig. 3.14 Fig. 3.14 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

45

C A S E

3.1.8 PARKING Stilt parking for 10 cars, 6 physically challenged parking and 5 busses is provided.

2)

Two levels of basement parking also has been provided.

3)

Total parking space of 72 cars and 36 two wheelers.

S T U D Y

1)

TIMELAPSE OF THE CONSTRUCTION

Fig. 3.15

Comparison… Minimum width of two way road should be 6m for cars and 10m for busses, whereas achieved is 6m for cars and 9m for busses.

1 per 75m2 GFA (75% for cars; 25% for vans i.e. 60 cars and 20 busses, whereas achieved is 72 cars, 5 busses and 36 two wheelers. Which is up to the mark as per the population of the city, where maximum population is limited to two wheelers.

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

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S T U D Y

Fig. 3.16

C A S E

STILT PARKING

BASEMENT

Fig. 3.17

BASEMENT 1 Fig. 3.18 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

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C A S E

3.1.9 TIMELNE OF THE PROJECT

S T U D Y

Fig. 3.19 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

(source-2012ara026) 48

C A S E

3.1.9 ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION

S T U D Y

Fig. 3.20 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

(source-2012ara026) 49

C A S E S T U D Y Fig. 3.21

Circulation Vertical circulation ADMINISTRATIVE BLOCK

Fig. 3.22 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

50

C A S E

GALLERY 1 & 2

S T U D Y

A view of the gallery building

Fig. 3.23

KEY PLAN Fig. 3.24 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

51

C A S E

GALLERY 3 & 4

S T U D Y

KEY PLAN Fig. 3.25

Circulation Vertical circulation Fig. 3.26 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

52

Vertical circulation

S T U D Y

Circulation

C A S E

GALLERY 5 & 6

Fig. 3.27

KEY PLAN Fig. 3.28 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

53

Vertical circulation

S T U D Y

Circulation

C A S E

GALLERY 7 & 8

Fig. 3.29

KEY PLAN

Fig. 3.30 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

54

S T U D Y

KEY PLAN

C A S E

MOTIVATIONALGALLERY

1

2

3

Fig. 3.31

Fig. 3.32

4

Circulation Vertical circulation Fig. 3.33 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

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C A S E

PUNJAB STATE WAR HEROES MEMORIAL AND MUSEUM

INFERENCES

SITE AREA

8.1 ACRES

SITE CHARACTER

PLAIN SITE

BUILT-UP MASS SHOULD BE SITE RESPONSIVE

ZONING

DIVIDED INTO PRIVATE, SEMI PUBLIC ZONES

ALL THE ZONES SHOULD BE IN HIERCHY AS FOLLOWS • PUBLIC • SEMI-PUBLIC • PRIVATE

CIRCULATION

COMMON ENTRIES FOR SERVICES AND VISITORS, SEPARATE ENTRY FOR THE V.I.P.s

VEHICULAR ACCESS SHOULD BE ALLOWED TILL THE SPECIFIC DISTANCE

VISUAL EXPERIENCE

SURPRISE CHARACTER

ARCHITECTURALLY APPEALING

ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION

LOCAL MATERIAL IS USED, INCLUDED RELIGIOUS EXPRESSION OF STATE

MODERN PLUS INDIAN CONTEMPORARY

CIRCULATION (INSIDE)

LINEAR EXHIBITION GALLERIES

LINEAR CIRCULATION PROVIDES STREAMLINED EXPERIENCE

CIRCULATION (OUTSIDE)

RADIAL PLANNING OF GALLERY BLOCKS

CONFUSING IN NATURE

PERMISSIBLE HEIGHT

23M, THE SWORD BEING AN EXCEPTION AT 45M

ACCORDING TO THE NBC NORMS

-

S T U D Y

STUDY ASPECT

Contd.

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

55

AESTHETICALLY PLEASING

AS PER SITE AND TYPE OF MUSEUM

RADIAL PLANNING

DEPENDS ON SITE AND DESIGN

VENTILATION PLANNING

FORM

CIRCULAR FORM COMPLIMENTING

DEPENS ON APROACH

LINEAR FORM MATERIAL

OLD NANAK SHAHI BRICK AS PSEUDO

DEPENDS ON ARCHITECTURE OF

ELEMENT

BUILDING

PROVISION OF LIFTS AND ESCALATORS

PROVIDING ACCESSIBILITY FOR ALL

MATERIALS OF

MODERN R.C.C. CONSTRUCTION WITH

MODERN MATERIALS OF

CONSTRUCTION

THE USAGE OF ALUMINIUM PANELS IN

CONSTRUCTION ARE USED WITH A

THE ELEVATION OF THE GALLERIES

HINT OF TRADITIONAL MATERIALS &

BARRIER FREE

S T U D Y

APROACH

C A S E

LIGHT AND

APPROACH

STYLE

GROUND

20%

ACCORDING TO THE NORMS

1.6 ACRES

ACCORDING TO THE NORMS

SURFACE PARKING FOR BUSES &

PARKING SPACE IS LESS

COVERAGE CONSTRUCTED AREA PARKING

BASEMENT PARKING FOR CARS INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

55

Victory.

3.2.1 BRIEF INTRODUCTION

ashrama

Bhagwan Valmiki Tirath Sthal or Bhagwan

epic Ramayana is also said to have been written

Valmiki Mandir is temple panorama complex and

here by Maharishi Valmiki. It is also believed that

an

the fight between Lord Ram Chandra's forces and

historical

monument

of Valmikis located at Bhagwan Valmiki Tirath

place

is

birthplace

of Lava and Kusha, sons of Ramachandra, in of

Saint

Balmiki.

The

great

S T U D Y

important

The

C A S E

CASE STUDY-2 3.2 THE RAM TIRTH SARAI

Lav and Kush had also taken place at Ram Tirth.

road of Amritsar city and the Ram Tirath Sarai is situated on that very premesis.

3.2.2 ANCIENT HISTORY Bhagwan Valmiki Tirath Sthal, dedicated to

Maharishi Valmiki ji is situated 11 km west of Amritsar on Amritsar Lopoke road. As per the mythological beliefs, The temple dates back to the period of Ramayana and the place is famous for the ashram of sage Maharishi Valmiki. It is the place where the sage gave shelter to Sita, wife of Rama when she was abandoned after the Lanka Fig. 3.34

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

(source- punjab tourism)

56

C A S E

3.2.3 LOCATION & SITE The site of Sarai is around 9860 sqm. In area.

1) The residential wing 2) The langar hall Architects- Design wing, Department of

S T U D Y

The sarai complex is divided into two parts

architecture, Guru Nanak Dev University Site coverage -around 22%

Fig. 3.35

(source- google maps)

The site of Ram Tirath Sarai is located in the ram tirath premesis just outside the main circulambulation. After the recent redevelopment of 2016, this place is expected to have a boost of tourism so in order to cater all the tourist from far flung places the government of punjab decided to construct a sarai (dharamshala) inside the temple premesis.

The ram tirath complex is situated 11 km west of Amritsar on Amritsar Lopoke road.

Fig. 3.36 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

(source- google earth) 57

C A S E

Fig. 3.37

3.2.4 ABOUT THE SITE The site of Sarai is around 9860 sqm. In area.

TOWARDS TEMPLE

The sarai complex is divided into two parts ref fig. 3.38

2) The langar hall The ground coverage is around 22%

Sewage treatment plant on site

S T U D Y

1) The residential wing

N Fig. 3.38 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

58

C A S E

3.2.5 ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION

circumambulatory Sewage

View from the main entry

treatment plant on site

S T U D Y

Way towards the temple

Presence of ramps throughout the complex to create

N

a barrier free environment

Ducts for ventilation in bathrooms & toilets

Fig. 3.38 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

59

C A S E

3.2.6 BUILDING LAYOUT

Fig. 3.39

Circulation Vertical circulation

Basement plan

S T U D Y

Not present on site

Langar hall

Langar hall

Fig. 3.40 Ground floor plan

A view of the langar hall Fig. 3.41 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

60

C A S E

First floor plan Fig. 3.42

S T U D Y

Second floor plan

Fig. 3.43

Not present on site

Circulation Vertical circulation Important elements

Fig. 3.44 Punctures for the natural

A view of the lift core

Fig. 3.45

light and ventilation INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

61

C A S E Fig. 3.46

S T U D Y

Third floor plan

Terrace plan Not present on site

Fig. 3.47

Fig. 3.48

Circulation Vertical circulation Ducts A view of the the duct opening on the terrace

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

62

(source- department of architecture) premesis.

3.2.7 Building Analysis 1)

Presence of ramps in both the blocks to create a

barrier free environment.

2)

3)

S T U D Y

Fig. 3.49

C A S E

Not present on site

7)

A double bedroom with attaced toilet and a balcony.

8)

Openings after regular intervals for the proper light

Play of levels in the elevation to break the monotony 9) of the L-shaped building.

and ventilation.

Presence of a sewage treatment plant on the site for

the proper sewage disposal.

Terraces at different level, in order to get the view of 10) Natural ventilation of the basement through the the temple premesis & to create a sense of interest in ventilators. (source- department of architecture) the whole structure.

4)

N-W facing faรงade.

5)

Dumbwaiter(not installed)shaft in the basement for the storage of raw material for the langar hall.

6)

Separate service entery to inter into the sarai Not present on site Fig. 3.50 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

Terraces at different levels 63

C A S E S T U D Y

Fig. 3.51

3.2.8 Architectural Expression 1) The building is a L-shaped structure comprising of terraces at different levels.

The terraces at different levels

2) Two separate entrances for the tourists & the service vehicle respectively.

3) Provision of ramps in both the blocks.

4) Descending terraces breaks the monotony of the building.

5) Punctures works both as functionally as well as formally.

6) The fire exits criteria is complied in the building

Fig. 3.52

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

(source- department of architecture)

64

C A S E

Ducts

S T U D Y

Fig. 3.53

3.2.9 Building analysis 1)

Basement

Ducts have been provided in all the toilets to cope with the ventilation.

2)

Vertical circulation Ducts

A service duct is provided on the ground floor for all the service related requirements.

Fig. 3.54

3)

Ventilators have been provided in the basement fulfilling the purpose of both light & ventilation in the basement.

4)

Only surface parking is available in the premesis.

There is no basement parking.

5)

Vertical circulation in the building is done by two means viz. through staircase as well as lifts.

6) Fig. 3.55

There are two lifts in the building but they are not started yet.

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

65

C A S E

RAM TIRATH SARAI

INFERENCES

LOCATION

RAM TIRATH VILLAGE AMRITSAR-LOPOKE ROAD

-

TYPE OF USAGE

RESIDENTIAL

-

APPROACH

SECONDARY ROAD FROM NH-1 TOWARDS ASR-LOPOKE ROAD

DIRECTLY CONNECTED WITH THE NATIONAL ROAD

ENTRANCES & EXITS

TWO ENTRANCES 1) PUBLIC ENTRANCE 2) SERVICE ENTRANCE

SEPARATE PROVISIONS OF SERVICE & PUBLIC IN BOTH THE BUILDINGS

ARCHITECTURAL STYLE

MODERN INSTITUTE LAYOUT

-

BARRIER FREE APPROACH

PROVISION OF LIFTS (NOT WORKING)

ACCESSIBILITY IS ACHIEVED FOR ALL

MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION

MODERN R.C.C. CONSTRUCTION WITH SANDSTONE TILES & PLASTERED WALLS IN THE ELEVATION

MODERN MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION ARE USED WITH A HINT OF TRADITIONAL MATERIALS &STYLE

SITE AREA

9860 SQ.M.

-

CIRCULATION (INSIDE)

LINEAR DOUBALLY LOADED CORRIDOR PLANNING

CONVENTIONAL HOTEL TYPOLOGY

CIRCULATION (OUTSIDE)

CENTRALLY LOCATED BUILDING BLOCK WITH CHARBAGH TYPE GREEN SPACE

PROVIDES MAXIMUM USAGE OF THE SPACE

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

S T U D Y

FACTOR

Contd.

66

INFERENCES

PERMISSIBLE HEIGHT

18.4 METERES

ACCORDING TO THE NORMS.

TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION

MODERN RCC CONSTRUCTION

FRAMED STRUCTURE

GROUND COVERAGE

22%(APPROX)

GENERALLY 25%-30%

CONSTRUCTED AREA

1183 SQ.M.

ACCORDING TO THE NORMS

PARKING

COMMON PUBLIC PARKING OUTSIDE THE COMPLEX AND SURFACE PARKING FOR 7 FOUR WHEELERS & 40 (APPROX) TWOWHEELERS

NO PARKING SPACE FOR GENERAL PUBLIC, THE MAIN PARKING SPACE IS OUTSIDE THE SARAI COMPLEX

SERVICES ON THE SITE

SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

THE STP SHOULD BE COVERED AS THE ODOUR FROM THE STP DETERIORATES THA SANCTITY OF THE PLACE

BARRIER FREE ENVIRONMENT

PRESENCE OF RAMPS & ELEVATORS THROUGHOUT THE COMPLEX (ELEVATORS WERE NOT WORKING)

PROVIDING ACCESSIBILITY FOR ALL

MASS & VOID

PRESENCE OF PUNCTURES AND STEPPED TERRACES PROVES NATURAL LIGHT & VENTILATION & DECREASES THE MONOTONY OF THE BUILDING

NATURAL LIGHT & VENTILATION IS ACHIEVED

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

S T U D Y

RAM TIRATH SARAI

C A S E

FACTORS

67

4.

INTERNET STUDY

The case studies are not strictly based on the

matches with the punjab state war heroes memorial. Ref fig. 4.2

individual project basis but on their ideology, expression & their functional criteria 4.1 Internet study 1- wagah border, attari (Amritsar)

LITERATURE REVIEW

Internet study selection criteria

Reason for choice- the main reason for the selection of wagah border is to understand the planning layout of the border crossings, as wagah is the only crossable border between India & Pakistan hence it is the suitable selection for the

Fig. 4.1

(source- Punjab tourism)

case study. Ref fig. 4.1 4.2 Internet study 2- Jung-E-azadi memorial & museum (kartarpur, jalandhar) Reason for choice- the use of modern material and historical approach, this museum is the perfect choice for the comperative analysis with the case studies. The historical background

Fig. 4.2 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

(source- Raj rewal associates) 68

‗Wagah border‘ is the popular name for the Indian

accompanied by a parade and a coordinated stand-offish

checkpost on the border with Pakistan at the village of

display by the personnel of both countries. Large crowds

Attari in Punjab. The post is more widely after Wagah, a

gather at the stadium-like galleries that have been

village on the Pakistani side of the border. The checkpost

constructed on either side. The Indian side of the post is

lies on the Grand Trunk Road, 32 km from Amritsar and

guarded by the Border Security Force (BSF) while the

24 km from Lahore. The checkpost is popular for the

Pakistan Rangers handle the other side. The border is not

ceremonial and simultaneous lowering of the flags of

only used as a spot for tourism but also used as a hub for

both countries in the evening. The ceremony is

trade and immigration.

Present site conditions of wagah border complex at attari INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

LITERATURE REVIEW

4.1 Internet Study- The Wagah Border Complex

Fig. 4.3 69

There is only one gate for exports to Pakistan and imports

morning at the gate itself. Goods are unloaded from the

from Afghanistan, movement of passengers by bus and on

trucks and transported on head-loads by coolies up to the

foot. The border ceremony conducted by the Border Security zero line where the goods are handed over to Pakistani Force (BSF) also takes place at the same gate. The trade

coolies. Only in the case of frozen meat, cold storage trucks

occurs only from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. and the gate is

are allowed to come up to the zero line. In a day, only 10-12

LITERATURE REVIEW

4.1.1 Activities at Wagah border

closed at 4:00 p.m. for the border ceremony; hence no trade trucks can cross the border. can take place after the gate is closed. Even Indian and TRADE

Pakistani trucks are not allowed to cross the border of their respective countries, the trucks have to wait for the next Fig. 4.4 (source- punjab tourism)

WAGAH BORDER

TOURISM

SECURITY

Fig. 4.5 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

70

OFFICE OF ASSISTANT DIRECTOR OF IMMGIGRATION

PARADE PARADE GROUND GROUND (IND) MOSQUE (PAK)

TOURIST INFO. CENTER & REST.

PARKING

INTEGRATED CHECK POST

I.C.P. ENTRY

LITERATURE REVIEW

4.1.2 The Wagah Border Complex

Fig. 4.6

IMMIGRATION & EMMIGRATION DEPARTMENT

WAREHOUSE

TRADE GATE

B.S.F. BARRACKS

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

I.C.P. WAREHOUSE

71

LITERATURE REVIEW

4.1.3 The Border Complex on the Other Side PARADE SEATING (INDIAN SIDE) PARADE SEATING (PAK. SIDE) OFFICE OF ASS. DIRECTOR

TOWARD LAHORE IMMIGRATION & EMMIGRATION DEPARTMENT MOSQUE

PAKISTANI RANGERS BARRACKS TRADE GATE WAREHOUSES (PAK SIDE)

Fig. 4.7 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

72

LITERATURE REVIEW

4.1.4 The Border Complex on the Indian Side PUBLIC PARKING

INTEGRATED CHECK POST ATTARI

TOURIST INFORMATION CENTER

TOWARDS AMRITSAR

B.S.F. INDIA OFFICE

INTEGRATE D CHECK POST COMPLEX Fig. 4.8

4.1.5 WHAT IS AN INTEGRATED CHECK POST (I.C.P.)?

A

sanitized

zone

Integration

having

of

adequate

Three

passenger Main

and

freight

Border

processing Related

facilities; functions:

* Customs for clearance of cargo /goods carried by vehicle, valuable personal items of passengers & currency by

means *

of

Immigration

monitoring :

Checking

of

mechanism Pass

Ports,

Scrutiny

and of

passengers

installed identificatgion,

equipments.

Visa

etc.

* Border Security : Providing and maintaining security, prevention of flow of illegal arms and other lethal weapons and back-up support to Customs and Immigration agencies.

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

73

LITERATURE REVIEW

IMMIGRATION DEPARTMENT & WAITING AREA IMMIGRATION & CUSTOMS OFFICE INDIA TRADE HUB ENTRY WAREHOUSE FOR FREIGHT CARRIERS Fig. 4.9

4.1.6 WHAT IS AN INTEGRATED CHECK POST (I.C.P.) ?

Buses, Light vehicles and private cars will have separate lane and all kinds of monitoring mechanism will be installed for effective screening of vehicles and passengers

4.1.6.1 THE PLANNING PHILOSOPHY :-

to prevent possible inflow of non-duty paid goods,

The aim of planning of ICP is to split the traffic chaos and

prohibited items, contraband goods and other activities

provide dedicated lanes for each type of vehicle based on

that amounts to economic offence and criminal breach of

process requirement. Each category of vehicle i.e. Trucks,

the law of the land.

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

74

THE

PLANNING

APPROACH

1) The planning of ICP is drawn on the basis of traffic projections translated into peak demand at the entry and

exit

point

at

the

international

border;

2) The planning essentially include capturing process requirement in consultation with stakeholders i.e. the trade

and

the

various

agencies

involved.

3) Self evident routes supported by adequate space for parking

and

checking;

4) Facility for Cargo handling and Load Transfer Activities

;

Adequate facility for X-Ray / Scanning of Cargo & Vehicles

at

Terminal;

5) Administrative and facility area for passenger traffic by

Customs

implementation scheme, in modular form, to achieve a

4.1.6.4

PASSENGER

controlled

growth.

Processing facilities as per system need; Baggage Check

:

/ Screening. Adequate passenger amenities with each

1) Dedicated lanes will be provided for each category of

processor unit with control mechanism. CARGO

Vehicles

monitoring.

HANDLING : Conveniently placed Process ; Optimum

2) Least Traffic Congestion and proper regulation by

warehouse facilities ; Support facilities such as heavy

each

cranes for handling of Inland Container Depot (ICD) at

3)

An optimistic development plan with realistic

4.1.6.3

MODULAR for

DESIGN easy

enforcement

agencies;

and

Immigration.

REGULATION

LITERATURE REVIEW

4.1.6.2

:

the ICP terminal.

View of Integrated Check Post at Attari

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

Fig. 4.10

(Š Land Port Authority of India)

75

BENEFITS THROUGH AN I.C.P. KEY FEATURES

WITHOUT I.C.P.

WITH I.C.P.

Passenger flow

Constrained

Efficient

Passenger facilities

Minimal

Sufficient

Processes

Unorganised

Smooth

General utilities

Scarce

Optimum

Support facilities

Haphazard

Systematic

Sanitization

Virtually non existent

Fully sanitized

Internal circulation

Congested

Dedicated lanes

Traffic conditions

Traffic jams, delays

Constant flow, no delay

Capacity constraints

Evident

Non existent

Aesthetics

Unplanned

Soothing/pleasing

LITERATURE REVIEW

4.1.6.5 SALIENT FEATURES OF AN INTEGRATED CHECK POST

Fig. 4.11

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

76

BORDER CROSSING INCOMING PASSENGER OUTGOING PASSENGER

SECURITY CHECKS AT THE GATES ENTRY TO THE I.C.P.

Fig. 4.12 (source- wikipedia)

LITERATURE REVIEW

4.1.7 CHECKPOINTS FOR A

IMMIGRATION BAGGAGE COLLECTION

CUSTOMS SECURITY CHECK

EXIT IMMIGRATION

Fig. 4.13 (source- landport Authority of india)

PASSAGE AT THE GATE

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

77

LITERATURE REVIEW

4.2 JANG-E- AZADI, KARTARPUR,

JALANDHAR Jang-e-Azadi Memorial is a memorial and museum being built in Kartarpur town of Punjab, India in memory of contribution and sacrifices made by the Punjabi community in movement. The memorial would be built over an area of 25 acres at the cost of RS. 200 crore.

Jung-e-Azadi memorial is located at Kartarpur, Jalandhar.

Fig. 4.15 (source- raj rewal associates)

Fig. 4.14 (source- google maps)

KARTARPUR

Fig. 4.16 (source- raj rewal associates)

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

78

The concept of the Jang-e-Azadi memorial and museum is based on a circular enclosure which houses the focal center of the memorial and integrates it with a harmonious ensemble of galleries amplifying the struggle and sacrifice for freedom around a ceremonial path. The institutions representing auditorium, library and restaurant can function as autonomous units in independent buildings. The aim is to design a lively museum which involves not only the surrounding community but also an important place for tourists. Ref fig. 4.17

LITERATURE REVIEW

4.2.1 THE DESIGN CONCEPT

4.2.2 SITE PLAN Know about of the project: • Architect – Raj Rewal • Total site area 21 Acres.

• Build up area 7.71 Acres.

• Ground coverage 4.42 Acres (17.69%).

• F.A.R. 0.36 The site has three gateways out of which two are used for entry and exit of public visitors and is used for V.I.P. ref fig. 4.18

Fig. 4.17

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

79

LITERATURE REVIEW

EXTERIOR CIRCULATION EXTERIOR CIRCULATION MINOR AXIS

MAJOR AXIS

ENTRY 1

EXIT

VIP ENTRY Fig. 4.18

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

SITE PLAN

80

4.2.3.1 TOPOGRAPHY 4.2.3.1.1 Plot is irregular in shape with primarily flat

terrain.

4.2.3.1.2 The design is site responsive such that it matches with site Character.

4.2.3.2 CLIMATIC CONDITION

received during this period. Some amount of rainfall is received from western disturbances during winter season.

4.2.3.4 WINDFLOW 4.2.3.4.1 It is influenced by southwest monsoon winds in the summer and westerly and northwesterly winds during the winter. The wind direction is NW and SE.

4.2.3.2.1 Climate of Kartarpur is a monsoon-

4.2.4 PLANNING AND ZONING

influenced humid subtropical climate with high

4.2.4.1 While planning the architect took care of easy

variation between summer and winter temperatures

connectivity and components that connects us to the

and precipitation. It has relatively dry winters and has

historical mile stones.

a prolonged spell of very hot weather

4.2.4.2 NE-SW is the major axis of the site. NW-SE is

4.2.3.2.2 Maximum temperature of the city reaches up

the minor axis.

to 45-46 degree Celsius in summers and minimum

4.2.4.3 The memorial is divided into 10 cores, each

temperature in winter season falls down to 1 degree

with its own H.V.A.C system, plumbing system, and

Celsius. January is the coldest month with average

fire exit stair case.

minimum temperature of 7 degree Celsius

4.2.4.4 It is completely a semi-public area only first

4.2.3.3 RAINFALL

floor of the phase-1 of the project is office part, which

4.2.3.3.1 Annual rainfall of the Kartarpur is about

is private.

LITERATURE REVIEW

4.2.3 SITE ANALYSIS

600mm. Rainfall is unevenly distributed and decreases from south east to southwest. Rainy season starts from July to September. About 80% of the total rainfall is INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

81

The site can be divided into two circulations EXTERIOR

(vehicular

and

pedestrian)

and

INTERIOR (vertical and horizontal).

• The approach of the architect is all modern, yet it

EXTERIOR CIRCULATION Refer graphics 2.3.

INTERIOR CIRCULATION of the buildings blocks

4.2.6

MATERIALS

4.2.7 ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION

OF

CONSTRUCTION 1. Construction system is R.C.C.

serve touch of ancient architecture because of the use of lime stone and marble.

• Height is used to create gigantic expression.

• Natural light, through skylight in the domes, is used to create dramatic effect.

Exterior cladding work is done with marble and

4.2.8 PARKING

lime stone

• Stilt parking for 600 cars and 7 busses is

2. Some domes are constructed with mild steel

provided.

sections.

• Equivalent car space for the project is 100sqm.

3. The connecting lines are filled with silicon paste.

4.2.9 NEW APPROACH

4. The external cladding material is coated with silicon spray in order to protect from water dampness.

LITERATURE REVIEW

4.2.5 CIRCULATION

1. M.S domes with skylight 2. Interactive dome 3. Touch Interactive table

5. Marble and tiles are used in flooring patterns.

Spaced marble pattern is used in burger form over chicken mesh and fiber glass in auditorium, as sound observer.

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

82

GALLERY HT-32’

CHANGING GALLERY HT-68’

MEMORIAL ICON HT-139’ DIA-93’

ENTRANCES HT-74’

LIBRARY HT-60’

MINARET HT-146’ DIA-31’

LITERATURE REVIEW

GALLERY HT-60’

FOO COURT

MOVIE THEATER HT-60’ DIA-53’ PHASE-2

AUDITORIUM HT-68’ DIA-69’

SEMINAR HALL HT-32’ DIA-57’

PHASE-1 Fig. 4.19

Fig. 4.20 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

83

LITERATURE REVIEW

Fig. 4.21

VERTICAL CIRCULATION HORIZONTAL CIRCULATION

Fig. 4.22 INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

84

LITERATURE REVIEW Fig. 4.23

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

85

STUDY ASPECT

PUNJAB STATE WAR HEROES MEMORIAL AND MUSEUM

JUNG-E-AZADI MEMORIAL

SITE AREA

8.1 ACRES

25 ACRES

SITE CHARACTER

PLAIN SITE

PLAIN SITE

BUILT-UP MASS SHOULD BE SITE RESPONSIVE

ZONING

DIVIDED INTO PRIVATE, SEMI PUBLIC ZONES

DIVIDED INTO PRIVATE, SEMI PUBLIC AND SEMI PRIVATE ZONES

ALL THE ZONES SHOULD BE IN HIERCHY AS FOLLOWS • PUBLIC • SEMI-PUBLIC • PRIVATE

CIRCULATION

COMMON ENTRIES FOR SERVICES AND VISITORS, SEPARATE ENTRY FOR THE V.I.P.s

SEGREGATED ENTRY FOR VISITORS SERVICE AND V.I.P.

VEHICULAR ACCESS SHOULD BE ALLOWED TILL THE SPECIFIC DISTANCE

VISUAL EXPERIENCE

SURPRISE CHARACTER

PRESPECTICE VISION

BOTH ARE PREFERRED

ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION

LOCAL MATERIAL IS USED, INCLUDED RELIGIOUS EXPRESSION OF STATE

LINEAR COURTYARD, LOCAL MATERIAL WITH NEW APPROACH IS USED

MODERN PLUS INDIAN CONTEMPORARY STYLES PREFERRED

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

COMPERATIVE ANALYSIS

Fig. 4.24

REMARKS

Contd.

86

PUNJAB STATE

JUNG – E – AZADI

WARE HEROES

MEMORIAL

REMARKS

MUSEUM AND MEMORIAL LIGHT AND

AESTHETICALLY

PLAY OF LIGHT

AS PER SITE AND

VENTILATION

PLEASING

AND SHADE

TYPE OF MUSEUM

PLANNING

RADIAL PLANNING LINEAR PLANNING

DEPENDS ON SITE

AND DESIGN

COMPERATIVE ANALYSIS

STUDY ASPECT

APROACH FORM

CIRCULAR FORM

CURVILINEAR

DEPENS ON

COMPLIMENTING

FORM

APROACH

LINEAR FORM MATERIAL

OLD NANAK SHAHI LIME STONE AS BRICK AS PSEUDO

DEPENDS ON

EXTERNAL FASADE ARCHITECTURE OF

ELEMENT

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

BUILDING

87

5.

SITE ANALYSIS

Location

S I T E

5.1

&

proposed corridor A N A L Y S I S

The site is located in the town of Dera Baba Nanak, in

district

gurdaspur

(punjab). The site is located on

the

surroundings

gurudwara

saun

of

singh

randhawa on the Indo-Pak border at Mann Village.

The proposed coriridor is approx. 4 kms. In length from

the

boundary.

international The

existing Fig. 5.1

(source- times of india)

gurudwara on the other side

5.1.1 About the proposed corridor

of border is village kohta

The proposed corridor is 4kms. In length and transport is done through

khurd in the narowal district

the shutlle buses from the indian site, only to and fro movement is

of pakistan as in fig. 5.1

provided without any halt in between.

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

88

Fig. 5.3

S I T E

5.2 Site & surroundings

(source- google maps)

Which will include 1. A museum 2. A boarding terminal, and 3. A residential complex

A N A L Y S I S

The site is around 50 acres.

Fig. 5.2 (source- times of india) 5.2.1 Surrounding features- the present surrounding features includes1. An army checkpost 2. Gurudwara 3. An army canteen 4. Darshan sthal 5. Entrance gate 6. Waiting shed

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

89

S I T E

5.2.1 surroundings Darshan sthal DARSHAN STHAL

A N A L Y S I S

Existing canteen Waiting shed

Gurudwara Fig. 5.4 CANTEEN Entrance gate

BORDER

Fig. 5.6

DARSHAN STHAL

Fig. 5.8

Fig. 5.5 SITTING SHED Fig. 5.6 GURUDWARA Fig. 5.7

INTERNATIONAL CORIDOOR AT KARTARPUR SAHIB, DERA BABA NANAK

90

6.

DESIGN CRITERIA

S I T E

1. Nueferts 2. Times Savers Standards 3. Google Earth 4. Kartarpur.com 5. Department Of Architecture, G.N.D.U. 6. Wikipedia.com

A N A L Y S I S

BIBLIOGRAPHY

7. Jagjit singh (2015-ara026) 8. Times of India 9. Dainik Jagran 10. Punjab Tourism 11. B.R.T.S. Amritsar 12. Land Port Authority of India

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91