ARCH 473/3522 - DIGITAL DESIGN STUDIO AND WORKSHOP
STORYBOOK
Nouran Kotry Fall 2019
The American University in Cairo (AUC) School of Sciences and Engineering - Department of Architecture ARCH 473/3522 - Digital Design Studio and Workshop (Fall 2018) Student portfolio documenting samples of work submitted along the course, including research, experimentation, 3D modeling, digital fabrication, parametric design and modeling, physical model realisation and analysis. Submitted by: Nouran Kotry ID: 900150193
Š The American University in Cairo (AUC), December 2018
Nouran Kotry Architecture Student
and explore materials’ behavior, techniques and characteristics. To see how it will react when external forces are applied on it. Similarly, this will help develop a concept on how this case (double skin) will function reacting to different external forces. It should be operable, smart and responsive to the environment. In this course we got the chance to learn multiple digital tools in order to be create and implement our concepts. The tools were all algorithmic, as it required a complete breakdown of steps in order to be able to achieve the target.
I am student majoring in Architecture Engineering and minoring in Business Administration. To me this course was very different in terms of design approaches. I was taught how to develop concepts from unexpected phenomenas. An example of this was using a natural phenomena (in my case i chose snail), and developed a design concept inspired from it. I read many articles in order to understand how this natural phenomena operate, behave and co-exist. Therefore, the end result was a rich in depth research tacking every aspect of the phenomena, that i am supposed to choose from to create a concept for my building. The second project was more practical but very different from any other projects i worked on. I was asked to test
The readings in this course were very helpful in terms of making us understand manyconcepts regarding algorithmic thinking. Therefore, everything almost complemented and worked in parallel with each other.
Project Brief The first project was to design a mobile shelter for homless people. The task was to choose a site in Egypt, that has a reconizable amount of homeless people. As a matter of fact, almost 80% of Egypt’s homeless children are found primarily in 10 governorates: Cairo, Giza, Qaliobya, Minya, Sharqya, Alexandria, Assiut, Suez, Beni Suef, and Menofya, based on the Ministry of Social Solidarity’s reports in the past five years. It is required to create several desin alternatives and ideas inspired from a natural inspiration. In terms of natural phenomena, mechanisms of mobility, living organisms, behavior of materials, etc.
01 Learning from Materiality
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Natural Inspiration Approach
Develop Secondary Gills
Reduce Primary Gills
Develop Lungs
Additional Gill is needed when in a medium deficient ftom Oxygen.
Make more space to curl up in its shell, when in cold conditions.
A network of capillary blood vessels on the rear wall of the cavity is joined to form the lung.
Mobility
Breatha
bility
ity bil
pta
a Ad Storybook
Stage 1: Learning From Natural Inspiration
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Experimentation
The idea of breathability and adaptability through the flexibility of changing its form and orientation according to changeable environmental conditions. The rotation is all from one certain point, rotating around that axis.
ARCH 473/3522 - Fall 2019
The idea of breathability and adaptability through the flexibility of opening and closing areas and zones. Response to the environment changes the form can have many possibilities.
Nouran Kotry
4 Fiberobots
Secondary Gills
Retaining Primary Gills
Extensions of networks for extra protection
Private
Public
Formation of Lungs
To create open and closed spaces Connection of networks at the center creating a core/atrium that provides natural air inside (can be opened and closed).
Open Different Entities
One Connected Entity
Fabrication System as Structure Flexible to move the placement of strings with adjustable density
Connection
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Corner
Stage 1: Learning From Natural Inspiration
5 The idea of branching as a responsive element to the environment. The branching with different sizes and variant numbers of connections.
Inside Connected
Moveable
Separated
Columns connect to create the open court in between, acting as lungs. Outside
ARCH 473/3522 - Fall 2019
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6 Top View Network Adaptability
Form Generation
Primary Gills
Development of Secondary Gills
Development of Lungs The idea of using the network of capillaries to form the whole space (including slabs, walls and rooms)
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Stage 1: Learning From Natural Inspiration
7 Form Iterations & Digital Exploration
Form Conversions
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Materials
Implementing the Concept of Topography Fiberglass
Breathability Steel
Carbon Fiber
Light weight Structure
Adaptability
Two separate entities (one for private spaces and one for the public)
Retaining Primary Gills
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The closing process of the private zone differs from the closing of public zone
Development of Secondary Gills
The process of formation of one entity through the expansion of connections
Formation of Lungs
Stage 1: Learning From Natural Inspiration
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Density
Less Dense capillaries in the public spaces
More Dense capillaries in the private spaces
Orientation
Enclosed Covered space (West Facade)
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Open Perforated Uncovered (East Facade)
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Stage 1: Learning From Natural Inspiration
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Ramp
Open Court
Co-working
Hiking ARCH 473/3522 - Fall 2019
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12 Residential Space Interior Shot
Less dense network in public zones so more, light shade and shadow
More dense network in private zones, so dark shade and shadow
The structure inside creates a similar atmosphere that people of Al Minya are used to, as they have mountains. The structure offers the same feel, as they can climb and sit at different heights. Therefore, the building itself blends in with the topography surrounding it.
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Stage 1: Learning From Natural Inspiration
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Public Spaces Private Spaces
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Outdoor Spaces
Stage 1: Learning From Natural Inspiration
Spatial Formation
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Sections
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Stage 1: Learning From Natural Inspiration
Project Brief In Project 2, the task was to capitalize on the group concepts and inspirations to design and fabricate a prototype panel that would fit in a frame of volume 60cm X 60cm X 30cm. It was encouraged to research the specific fabrication approach or technique and generate a digital model for the desired prototype and fabricate using manual techniques or laser cutters. Material exploration and testing was required in order to get inspired from the natural material habits and characteristics in order to develop concept of a double skin facade.
02 Learning From Materials
18 Concept
Conclusion
Material Exploration Takeaways
Solid Surface
More Dense
Cracks
Foam
More See through Reaction of experiments with heat and fire translate to reactions of the facade to sun
More See Through
Acrylic Surface heated
Surface bent when heated, but less deformed on 160 degrees
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Surface bent more and became more flexible on 260 degrees heat
Solid Surface with Bleach and Heat
When it was heated Small cracks on 260 degrees, appeared on the it cracked when surface added to bleach
Small color change within surface
Stage 2: Learning From Materials
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Material Exploration Surfaces with Bleach
When the steel metal is left with bleach it oxidizes and changes color
Rubber Surface
No change
Foam Surface
Material change and texture change
Surface submerged in bleach with no change occured
Atomic Configuration
Heat Energy Out
Bond-making
Heat Energy In
Bond-breaking
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Atom Structure Proton Neutron Electron
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Double Skin Facade Concept
Foam Evolving of one material within the other
Solid Surface
Facade Subjected to Heat Before Heat
Only Solid Surface is shown
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After Heat
After Heat
Heated Parts are more dense and sticky
Stage 2: Learning From Materials
21 Before Heat
After Heat
One Material becoming transparent and more open
After Heat
One Material becoming opaque and more dense
Facade Subjected to Heat
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Double Skin Facade Concept
Visibility
The logic of having one material opening up, due to environmental factors, leaving a crack behind. Then there is another material that goes through it, while becoming denser and less see through. To fill up these voids. Creating a translucent surface, which could allow light at some semi-public zones.
Opening & Closing
Environmentally Responsive
Operable
Digital Experimentation
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Stage 2: Learning From Materials
Experimentations on Solid Surface
Direct heat was used by the gunfire. The surface took 3 min for change to occur
23 Solid Surface Subjected to Direct Heat
The surface takes The surface cracks 5 mins to catch fire appear after the and change color fire is remlved because of the after effect
The after effect can result in icreasing the crack gaps
Material Exposed to Sudden Impact
Use the same dimension of the sheet and then subjected a force on it using a metal ball
ARCH 473/3522 - Fall 2019
Use a metal tube with length of 1m, then using a metal ball of 5kg to hit the sheet
Cracked appeared in the middle of the surface
Add fiberglass to stick the cracked pieces together and then heat the surface again, so that the cracks
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Apply direct heat on the solid surface with fiberglass attached to it in order to see the effect of fiberglass on the size of the cracks
Direct heat was used by the gunfire. The surface took 3 min for change to occur
The surface takes 5 mins to catch fire and change color
The after effect can result in icreasing the crack gaps
Small cracks shown, as well as bending of the solid surface and the fiberglass. Even through the fiberglass is put to strengthen the solid surface
Big, noticeable cracks, with dynamic, angular and irregular shape
The presence of longitudinal cracks, at the place with direct flame exposure
Complete breakage of the solid surface occured, then added reisen and fiberglass on it to strengthen it
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Stage 2: Learning From Materials
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Layers of Details
Cracks created using the solid surface only
ARCH 473/3522 - Fall 2019
Fiberglass stuck at the back of the solid surface to strengthen it, decreasing the size of the cracks
Cracks are completely covered by the fiberglass as an insulation from heat (less visible)
Foam as a mediator between the surfaces while also heating up and becoming more dense deeper inside the panel
Fiberglass as a continuation of the foam, while strengthening the solid surface, while becoming less visible (denser) Nouran Kotry
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Analysis
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Visibility due to the enlargement of the cracks size
Opening up due to the heating process that increased the size of the cracks and making it more open
Becoming more opaque due to the dense fiberglass covering up the cracks
Closing up the voids created by heating the solid surface by the dense foam that became denser due to heat
Stage 2: Learning From Materials
Orientation Response
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Cracks Diagram Reaction to high sun exposure: Panels come closer the foam contracts and becomes more opaque HIGH SUN EXPOSURE Reaction to low sun exposure: Panels move farther apart the foam expands and becomes more translucent LOW SUN EXPOSURE
Control and adjustment comes from the movement and qualities of the foam element in between the solid elements
3D Inbetween Space
In Between Space
Ability of the panel to self shade can give more visibility and allows for an interactive Beyond the panel boundaries the spaces between the panels can be controlled on the facade
Unit - Whole
Left on low sun exposed facade as an after effect Closely connected to adjasent panel in high sun exposed face panels overlap Ability to be easily attached and placed and added according to facade needs and sun exposure ARCH 473/3522 - Fall 2019
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Stage 2: Learning From Materials
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ARCH 473/3522 - Fall 2019
Nouran Kotry
Project Brief In this project, the objective is to explore, generate and fabricate a prototype for a building faรงade skin that takes into consideration issues of environmental comfort, spatial relations and human aspects using a passive approach. You are required to develop a parametrically driven building skin for the building below (Bloom Bank Egypt SAE - Main Branch, South Teseen Rd, New Cairo). The main faรงade of the building is in a South/Southwest orientation, and so you are required to devise an appropriate envelope that provides adequate shading and sun protection.
03 Double-Skin Facade Design
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Panel Design Iterations Various Types of Slits
A panel that is always moving, responsive to daylighting with different types of slits
Storybook
Material Penetrating the Other
Extrusion of Points Creating Voids
Different Materials Going through Another
One layer being penetrated by another, when the first layer cracks
Various types of slits created by the extrusion of panels, leaving voids permenantly
Different types of plane surfaces’ materials, with different appearance. With one material going through another
Stage 3: Double Skin Facade Design
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Layering of the Facade Design Extrusion of Surfaces through the pulling of vertices
Creation of Permenant Cracks due to the Extrusion
Creation of Cracks with a Shape Parallel to the Surfaces (Operable)
Creation of Triangulated Slits Creating through the Rotation of Surfaces (Operable)
Extrusion of Surfaces through the pulling of vertices
Treatment for Permenant Outdoor Spaces
Treatment for Indoor Communal Spaces
Treatment for Private Office Space
Playful Experience created by the extrusion
Extrusion leaving voids for outdoor spaces
Voids offset from the planes edges, Solid & Void
Rotating planes creating different kinds of indoor spaces
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Materials
Double Skin Facade Study Connection of Layer 1 & Layer 2
Connection of Layer 1 & the Building
Fiberglass
Solid Surface
Solid Surface Different materials with different thermal expansion coefficient, each responding differently to heat
Playing with transparency, transluceny & opaque materials
Steel Horizontal supports Steel horizontal supand bolts to connect both ports connecting the layers together column with the first layer
Sections Pull of vertices, while maintaining constant spacing
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Popping out Responsive Reaction
Permenant Deformation & Self Shading Extrusion of the first to the inside, mirroring the second extrusion, as a form of being responsive
Stage 3: Double Skin Facade Design
35 First material filling the gaps created by the second layer
Overlapping of materials creating a translucent facade As the voids’ size increase, the first layer penetrates and goes through the second layer
First material filling the gaps created by the second layer
ARCH 473/3522 - Fall 2019
Voids created through pulling vertices As the surfaces are pulled using its vertices, permenant voids are left behind. Permenant Deformation
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Section Blow Up 1
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Pull of vertices, while maintaining constant spacing
Stage 3: Double Skin Facade Design
Section Blow Up 2
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37 Overlapping of materials creating a translucent facade
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Section Blow Up 3
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Voids created through pulling vertices
Stage 3: Double Skin Facade Design
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Human Responsive Structure Gradual Process of Opening Up According to Human Preferences and Uses
Daylight Responsive Structure
West
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East
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Grasshopper Code Layer 1 (Representing Foam) Creating the pattern on a horizontal surface
Creating extrusions of points with random values
Morphing the pattern Layer2 (Representing Solid Surface) Creating the pattern and triming it to surfaces
Creating offseted voids
Removing surfaces randomly and rotation of sub surfaces
Grasshopper Code Blow Up
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Stage 3: Double Skin Facade Design
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Model Fabrication Steps Exporting the model in a stl Importing the model in Mesh Adjusting the units in Mesh format Mixer Mixer
Giving the surface thicknesses
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Creating overhangs/supports using specific thicknesses
Exporting stl, to import in Simplify 3D
Creating Rafts
Adjusting printing options and prepare to print
Rotating and aligning the model
Adjust the scale and units
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Stage 3: Double Skin Facade Design
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Stage 3: Double Skin Facade Design
Biblography • • • • •
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https://www.archdaily.com/tag/parametric https://www.archdaily.com/886741/7-myths-in-architectural-detailing-that-are-changing-in-the-digital-age https://www.designtechsys.com/articles/parametric-modelling https://www.pinterest.com/chungsong/parametric-design/ https://www.pinterest.com/pin/429460514465099203/
ARCH 473/3522 - Fall 2019
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