Student Portfolio
ARCH 473/3522 - DIGITAL DESIGN STUDIO AND WORKSHOP Youmna Kotb Spring 2019
The American University in Cairo (AUC) School of Sciences and Engineering - Department of Architecture ARCH 473/3522 - Digital Design Studio and Workshop (Spring 2019) Student portfolio documenting samples of work submitted along the course, including research, experimentation, 3D modeling, digital fabrication, parametric design and modeling, physical model realisation and analysis. Student name: Youmna Kotb Student ID: 900160842
Š The American University in Cairo (AUC), May 2019
Youmna Kotb Architecture Student
nitely keep on developing my personality and chain of thoughts. As for the Digital Design course from the very first 8:30 lecture I still remember “ this course consists of 5 things; studio, workshops,readings and design�...I got what’s in store for me over the whole semester.
This is Youmna Kotb, a senior undergraduate architectural engineering student in the American University in Cairo. Architecture has been like a ride on a roller coaster for me for the past 4 years, I have experienced the ups and downs but every time I had that wonderful inner satisfactory feeling of both experiences. I believe that passion and curiosity, both were the source of fuel for those rides. I never knew that I wanted to be an architect but I have always had the passion for creating something out of nothing. Architecture allowed me to feel a sense of place and support to all different types of human activities, to experience the stories of people wants and needs from different cultural, historical and behavioral backgrounds and always be aware of the everyday changes . A real eye opener that will defi-
Honestly, this course allowed me to gain a lot of skills in my thinking process for conceptual approaches and to learn design tools to broaden my fabrication possibilties for the best result. The first project presented in this storybook is designing a shelter for the homeless and the second one is blank canvas which is the redesigning of a facade to fit the environmental/user needs using parametric design.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 01 Project 1: The Homeless Shelter 02 Project 2: The black canvas phase 1&2 03 Project 2: The black canvas phase 3
Designing a shelter for the homeless inspired by the growth process of the DNA. Interior shot demonstrating the change of daylight throughout the day.
01 Project 1:The Homeless Shelter
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3 Conceptual group poster explaining the abstraction process for the growth of DNA as a chosen design concept by the group members.
Natural growth process The chosen inspiration was the growth of the DNA because for my group, we were very interested in the growth of key to growth to any living organism in the world. Thinking of such a micro concept allowed us to endulge more in the abstraction process from scientific terms to architectural experiences’ keywords. Through the DNA’s growth phase, the two strands gets to attach to each others like a magnet, this happens through base pairing. There are 4 bases and each 2 of them pair to attach the two strands together. Afterwards a chain is developed after forming a double helix shape. The chain is developed in a certain direction that continues on branching. A process of matching and unmatching occurs to avoid mutation. Finally, replication occurs for the creation of a new DNA through separating the chain and pairing up with a new strand. The different phases allowed us to abstract them into several architectural experiences with 7 different conceptual approaches to be divided among the group members for individual design. The Site’s location The location chosen was Al Minya governate.
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DAYLIGHT Diffused daylight in the private zone. The pattern created on the Wider diffused sunlight penetration in more public zones to reflect the energy within the space.
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FABRICATION
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Cura fabrication was used for modeling as it will ease the model assembly after its fabrication because of the thin
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EXPERIMENTING WITH FABRIC FORMWORK TEXTURES ON GYPSUM .
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Fabric formwork definition
Materials
Fabric formwork is a building technology that involves the use of structural membranes as the main facing material for concrete moulds. Unlike traditional formwork, the material is highly flexible and can deflect under the pressure of fresh concrete. The resulting forms exhibit curvature as well as excellent surface finishes that are generally not associated with concrete structures.
GEOTEXTILE
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SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE TIMBER SLIDERS REINFORCEMENT
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FABRIC FORMWORK HISTORY Roman times Impressions and remnants of reeds used to form the lower surface on which a sand mortar is applied.
Fabric formed floor system (Gustav Lilenthal, 1899)
Fireproof ceiling using wire netting, fabric or screed
First formed shell (Howard Neff,1941 )
First experiment was first fully fabric formed structure. It acts not only as formwork but as the sole reinforcement
Architectural expression: Miguel Fisac (1913–2006)
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TECHNIQUES
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Smocking
An embroidery technique used since the middle ages to tailor a laborer’s clothing to gather fabric so that it can stretch.
Cable net
A system of thin-shell concrete roof with a novel cable-net and fabric formwork system. The system consists of a fabric. Shuttering installed on a cable-net structure
Container-like formwork A technique used for the fabric to act like a liquid container for the material being poured
Peneumetic formwork
The main advantage of this method was that it presented a low-cost way of quickly erecting dome shells by reducing the need for materials and labor ARCH 473/3522 - Spring 2019
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PRECEDENTS WALLS
P_WALL ( Sevenstar)
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P_WALL (2006)
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BUILDINGS
MARS PAVILION
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JUAN ZURITA RESIDENCE
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EXPERIMENTING Materials used
TRIAL 1
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TRIALS Inspirations
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PROCESS
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Double facade design for Bloom Bank in Road 90.
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SITE ANALY
SITE ANALYSIS
LOCATION: BLO SOUTH TESEEN NEW CAIRO.
LOCATION BLOOM BANK, SOUTH TESEEN STREET, RO. FACADE ORIENTATION
FACADE ORIENTATION : SOUTH WE NEW AND CAIFACADES
ENVIROMEN
SOUTH AND SOUTH WEST FACADE ENVIROMENTAL ANALYSIS DESIGN TAKE AWAYS
utilize the double facade Wider facade openings as a horizontal and vertical throughout the west facade shading device throught the whole building Portfolio
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YSIS
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CONCEPT : RESPONSIVE FACADE
CONCEPTUALTHEAPPROACH RESPONSIVE BUILDING FACADE
OM BANK, STREET
SYSTEM ADAPTS TO THE DYNAMIC ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS TO REGULATE THE INTERNAL CONDITIONS The responsive building facade system adapts IN A HABITABLE SPACE OVER : SOUTHto the dynamic environmental DIFFERENT PERIODS OF TIME BY conditions to EST EXHIBITING A STATE OF MOTION AND regulate the internal conditions in a habitable DYNAMISM. HEAT, LIGHT AND WIND ARE THE PRIMARY PARAMETERS FOR space over different periods of time by exhibREGULATION, LEADING TO ENERGY iting a state of motion and dynamism. Heat, EFFICIENCY AND DYNAMIC SPATIAL
PARAMETERS
LIGHT
WIND
HEAT GAIN
and wind are the INSPIRATIONS: primary parameters NTAL Light ANALYSIS BAHAR TOWERS and for regulation, leading #1 to AL energy efficiency
THE SCREEN OPPERATES AS A CURTAIN WALL, SITTING TWO METERS OUTSIDE THE BUILDINGS’ EXTERIOR ON AN INDEPENDENT FRAME. EACH TRIANGLE IS INSPIRATIONS COATED WITH FIBERGLASS AND PROGRAMMED TO RESPOND TO #1 AL BAHAR TOWERSTHE MOVEMENT OF THE SUN AS A SCREEN WILL REDUCING SOLAR GAIN BY WAY TO REDUCE SOLAR GAIN AND MORE THAN 50 PERCENT, AND REDUCE The screen opperates as a curtain wall on an EVENING, independent GLARE. IN THE ALL THE THE BUILDING’S NEED FOR SCREENS WILL CLOSE frame. Each triangle is programmed to respond to the move- ENERGY-DRAINING AIR CONDITIONING.
dynamic spatial
ment of the sun as a way to reduce solar gain and glare. In the #2 INSTITUT DU MONDE THE SYSTEM INCORPORATES evening, all the screens will close
SEVERAL HUNDRED LIGHT SENSITIVE #2 INSTITUTE DE MONDE DIAPHRAGMS THAT REGULATE THE AMOUNT OF LIGHT THAT IS ENTER THE BUILDING. The system incorporates severalALLOWED hundredTO light sensitive DURING THE VARIOUS PHASES OF diaphragms that regulate the amount of light that isGEOMETRIC allowed THE LENS, A SHIFTING to enter the building. During thePATTERN variousIS phases of the FORMED AND lens, a SHOWCASED AS BOTH LIGHT AND shifting geometric pattern is formed and showcased as both VOID. light and void. ARCH 473/3522 - Spring 2019
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TRANSITION FROM PHASE 2 In phase 2, a single panel was created to study the way different parameters affect its form. However, moving to phase 3 made me widen the scope of the panels throughout the whole facade, hence instead of allowing gaps between panels to allow sunlight penetration, the center points were used as attraction points to allow the expansion and shrinkage of the void created in the center to adapt to the enviromental conditions. In addition, for structural purposes, a structural grid was created to hold the panels on the facade. Another shifted module was created but solid without inner void to decrease the amount of solar gain.
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ADJUSTING EXISTING WALL & SLAB
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SELF SHADING Increasing the horizontal shading device through self shading offers both higher level of energy saving as well as creating social spaces in the 1.5 meters extension on each floor A gap created between the main faรงade and the panels to allow for human different activities in each floor
Functions that adapt to the user needs Higher floors uses the extension as private meeting cubicles Lower floors use the extension for socializing balconies
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STRUCTURE
INSTALLATION SYSTEM Stick systems are typically used for low-rise buildings, entrance areas, or smaller developments. Since the ventilation system used is natural system, stick system is the best option. STRUCTURAL GRID CONNECTIONS DETAIL
BEFORE
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MODELING PARAMETERS
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SUN LIGHT RESPONSIVE
HUMAN RESPONSIVE
The sun is used as an attractor point so that the panels shuts and opens gradually with the directionality of sunlight.
A gap created between the main faรงade and the panels to allow for human different activities in each floor
DIAMETER OF THE PANELS
WIND REPONSIVE
Allows noise protection on the floor closest to the street level
Air flow is increased through the gaps between the panels for better air circulation
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MODEL DEVELOPMENT 1. Create Circle and move it along the Y then cull index
2. Use region difference to get the negative shape
3. Create series using Y vector
4. Use Result as a tree and connect panels using amplitude
5. Move panels along the X vector.
6. Use polygon center to distribute panels’ size with the biggest on the south facade
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7. Use ruled surface to create the negative surface of the openings
9. Use diagrid structure from Lunchbox and pipe to create structural grid
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8. Use Pull point as a sun attractor for the panels to shrink and expand with the sun
10. Combine the two modules and structure grid
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Grasshopper script
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Final Model drawings
BLOW UP OF PRIVATE CUBICLES
BLOW UP OF TERRACE
SECTION AA
BLOW UP OF DOUBLE HEIGHT WORKING SPACE
SECTION AA
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DOUBLE FACADE
FRONT VIEW
SIDE VIEW
3D PERSPECTIVE
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Biblography
• https://www.behance.net/gallery/36375797/Climate-Responsive-Building-Facade • • https://www.glassonweb.com/article/double-skin-facades-characteristics-and-challenges-advanced-building-skin • • https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2cc9/d32d259f736d8da64fda37e5f738c9bf16af.pdf • • https://www.researchgate.net/figure/1-Annual-sun-pathfor-Cairo-Egypt-Highest-and-lowest-mid-day-altitudes-areshown_fig3_280156825 •
ŠAll rights reserved, American University in Cairo (AUC) May 2019