Transport and Infrastructure
Department of Transport Planning
Faculty of Spatial Planning
TU Dortmund
AAKASH BHOCHHIBHOYA
PATAN DURBAR SQUARE
NEPAL
URBAN TRANSFORMATION
Malla Palace to Historic Urban Square
Source: Kathmandu Valley Preservation Trust and Patan Museum Report
Figure City plan of Patan in the Malla period.
Source: Patan Museum Report
Patan is also known as Lalitpur and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1979
Golden Temple was erected in the 12th century known for its gorgeous gold works. Krishna Temple is built in the 17th century
SITE PLAN
Source: Hosken, 1974.
PATAN MUSEUM
The Patan Museum was inaugurated in 1997 by Late King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah. It displays the traditional sacred arts of Nepal in an illustrious architectural setting. Its home is an old residential court of Patan Durbar, one of the royal palaces of former Malla Kings of the Kathmandu Valley. It was heavily damaged by the earthquake in April 2015.
Actors: UNESCO for safeguarding the monuments, (Austrian, Nepal) Government, Patan- city of Art and Architecture, Lalitpur Municipality
Image source: PhotoKhichuwa
Malla palace into museum
FESTIVAL AND PUBLIC REALM
PUBLIC SPACE URBAN SQUARES
• Used for different religious and cultural activities.
• Malla Palace to Historic Urban Squares
Exhibitions, Concert, Social gathering
ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENTAL
• Growth of handicraft employment
• Open green space
• Inclusive of water bodies
Water Spouts
HITI
• Manga Hiti - the oldest working dhunge dhara on record. It was built in 570 AD.
• Lalitpur Municipality and Guthi (social organization does maintenance and restoration
REFERENCE
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patan_Museum#:~:text=The%20Patan
%20Museum%20was%20inaugurated,Kings%20of%20the%20Kathma ndu%20Valley.
• https://www.facebook.com/PatanMuseum/
• Hagmüller, Götz (2003). Patan Museum: the transformation of a royal palace in Nepal
• Chitrakar, R. (2020). Revisiting Kathmandu Valley's public realm: Some insights into understanding and managing its public spaces. Nova Science Publishers.
• Chitrakar, R. (2020). Morphology of Traditional Towns and the Organization of Neighborhood Public Spaces in the Kathmandu Valley. Nova Science Publishers.
• Chitrakar, R. (2020). The Significance of Historic Urban Squares in Generating Contemporary City Identity: Case Study of Patan Durbar Square
• Shrestha, B., and R. Chitrakar. 2020. “The Significance ofHistoric Urban Squares in Generating Contemporary CityIdentity: Case Study of Patan Durbar Square.” InRevisiting Kathmandu Valley’s Public Realm: Some Insightsinto Understanding and Managing Its Public Spaces,edited by R. Chitrakar and B. Shrestha, 29–52. New York:Nova. (PDF) Applied Conservation Practice Within a Living Heritage Site. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363126910_Applied_Con servation_Practice_Within_a_Living_Heritage_Site [accessed Jan 29 2023]
• Salihoğlu, T., Albayrak, A. N., & Eryılmaz, Y. (2021). A method for the determination of urban transformation areas in Kocaeli. Land Use Policy, 109, 105708.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105708
DISCUSSION
As a fundamental outline definition, urban transformation is “the sum of the comprehensive and integrated approaches, strategies and actions implemented to improve the economic, social, physical and environmental conditions of urban space that experienced collapse and degradation” (Akkar, 2006).
What would have happen if the Malla palace was not transformed into museum?
Thank You
Watercolor of Patan Durbar Square, the royal palace complex, in 1855, painted by Henry Ambrose Oldfield (1822-1871) | Under creative commons
