Thesis presentation b. arch. By AAKASH BHOCHHIBHOYA (B.ARCH / 69001) DATE : 6TH AUG, 2018 PROJECT SYNOPSIS : Developing a bus terminal – a sustainable urban design; with an enhanced element of integrating community involvement and connection. Department Of Architecture
Inter-City Bus Terminal
at banepa
inching towards the development of A satellite city; banepa
PRIVATE
PUBLIC
Which one ??????……
Is My City’s Pollution Free? Can I travel freely Safely? Where are the Parks? Where is the public realm?
SOURCE: google earth (SAS planet 2015)
Where do people gather? How do you go place to place? How do you go to market? How does a child visit a friend? How do we travel for evening leisure?
Banepa municipality
SOURCE: www.banepamun.gov.np
City planning impact our lives……
SOURCE: Delhi Integrated Multi Modal Transit System Ltd. (DIMTS), 2013
What is the true picture??
SOURCE: Delhi Integrated Multi Modal Transit System Ltd. (DIMTS), 2013
What is the true picture??
DEFINING :
SPACE
SOURCE: Delhi Integrated Multi Modal Transit System Ltd. (DIMTS), 2013
What is the true picture??
DEFINING :
SPACE
SOURCE: Delhi Integrated Multi Modal Transit System Ltd. (DIMTS), 2013
What is the true picture??
DEFINING :
P
S ACE
SOURCE: Delhi Integrated Multi Modal Transit System Ltd. (DIMTS), 2013
What is the true picture??
DEFINING :
ACE
SP
SOURCE: Delhi Integrated Multi Modal Transit System Ltd. (DIMTS), 2013
What is the true picture??
DEFINING :
CE
SPA
SOURCE: Delhi Integrated Multi Modal Transit System Ltd. (DIMTS), 2013
What is the true picture??
DEFINING :
E
SPAC
SOURCE: Delhi Integrated Multi Modal Transit System Ltd. (DIMTS), 2013
What is the true picture??
DEFINING :
E
SPAC
SOURCE: Delhi Integrated Multi Modal Transit System Ltd. (DIMTS), 2013
What is the true picture??
Because of those problem and uncomforta ble travelling, people are preferring PRIVATELY OWNED VEHICLES.
SOURCE: Delhi Integrated Multi Modal Transit System Ltd. (DIMTS), 2013
consequence
Solution???????
Over time, achieving greater sustainability in transport means…………. ……….. Investing in schemes and initiatives that improve accessibility.
SOURCE: Public transport and Sustainable development, Brazil
Can something be done?
1 2 AIRLINE
BUS AND COACH
TRAIN PERSONAL RAPID TRANSIT CABLE-PROPELLED TRANSIT FERRY AUTO RICKSHAWS
WALK FIRST PEDAL NEXT
3
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
4
MOTOR VEHICLES
Sustainable transportation policy
Transportation is an integral part of the functioning of the society.
The transport system improves the social, economic, industrial, commercial progress and transfers the society into an organized one. It is one of the most essential services, vital force for determining the direction of development. To achieve the desired transportation balance and the system to be efficient, it is essential to provide organized facilities in the system, one such facility is a
Bus Terminal.
As transportation involves the movement of the people and goods, there is a need of an “access point” in transport system to use it. These access points are known as “Terminals” or the fixed facilities. Terminals are one of the main components of any mode of transportation.
introduction
A bus terminal, or terminus, is the point where a bus route starts or ends, where vehicles stop, turn or reverse, and wait before departing on their return journeys. A convenient point where services can be controlled from.
Terminals serve as a point of –
•Concentration •Dispersion •Loading/unloading of the passengers •Interchange of mode •Storage of passengers and vehicles •Maintenance of vehicles •Facilities and amenities for the users and crew •Documentation of movement •Information system •Integration of various systems of transportation
Hierarchy of Bus Terminals –
•Road based bus stop •Road side bus bay •Bus stop distributed •Sub-nodal terminal •Nodal bus terminal
•Inter-city bus terminal and inter-state bus terminal(ISBT)
As urban nodes
Abbr.
02
Tribhuvan Rajpath
03 Arniko Rajmarg 04
Prithvi Rajmarg
05
07 08
Narayanghat Mugling Rajmarg Dhulikhel Sindhuli Bhittamod Rajmarg Mechi Rajmarg Koshi Rajmarg
09
MRM
Length (KM) 1027.6
Node Feature Start Point Mechi Bridge, Jhapa Border
TRP
159.66
Tribhuvan Statue, Tripureshwor Sirsiya Bridge, Birgunj Border
End Point Gaddachowki Border, Kanchanpur
Remarks including 29 Km TRP
ARM 112.8 Maitighar Junction, KTM Friendship Bridge, Kodari Border PRM
173.43
Naubise (TRP)
Prithvi Chowk, Pokhara
NMR 36.16 M DSRM 198
Pulchowk, Naryanghat Mugling (PRM) Bhittamod border, Jaleshwor Dhulikhel (ARM)
MERM 268.06 KRM 111.46
Kechana Border, Bhadrapur Rani Border, Biratnagar
Taplejung Hile
Sagarmatha Rajmarg SARM 265
Kadmaha, Saptari (MRM)
Solusalleri Solukhumbu
10
Siddhartha Rajmarg
SRM
181.22
Sunauli Border
Prithvi Chowk, Pokhara
11
Rapti Rajmarg
PRM
196
Ameliya, Dang (MRM)
Musikot, Rukum
12
Ratna Rajmarg
RPM
113.08
Jamuniya Border, Nepalgunj
Bangesimal, Surkhet
13
Karnali Rajmarg
KARM 220
Surkhet, Bangesimal
Jumla, Kalikot
113 Km
14
Mahakali Rajmarg
307.76 Km
Seti Rajmarg
Mohana Bridge, Dhangadhi Border Syaule, Dadeldhura
Darchula
15
MKR 320 M SERM 65.96
06
135.94 Km.
168.54 Km
Samuwagad - In Safe rd
SOURCE: https://www.dor.gov.np/national_highways.php; viewed 1st December, 2016; Department Of Roads
53.97 Km.
Banepa municipality ------- under arniko rajmarg
S.N Name of Highway . 01 Mahendra Rajmarg
Highways of nepal
SATELLITE CITY BANEPA Dhulikhel Sindhuli Bhittamod Rajmarg SINDHULI
Banepa municipality ------- under arniko rajmarg
TIBET
Arniko & sindhuli bhittamod rajmarg
NALA
Existing BANEPA station is catering public transport properly to
bus not the due
Increasing Population and Number of Routes PANAUTI
Banepa municipality ------- public transport
RAVI OPI
Routes
TOTAL HOUSE
WITHOUT ANY FACILITY
MOTOR
MOTORCYCLE
CYCLE
OTHER VEHICLE
NOT STATED
BANEPA
5,540
83
308
1,136
438
34
106
DHULIKHEL
3,279
279
88
390
99
9
67
PANAUTI
5,943
131
167
895
139
17
85
Number of PRIVATE VEHICLES increasing.
SOURCE: National Population and Housing Census 2011
Households by types of household facilities
AREA
Proximity
NEED of the
TERMINAL arises with increase in the demand.
An organized bus terminal should meet the following requirements Accessibility Comfort and convenience Safety Easy processing
Need !!!!
BUS STOPS
OLD BAZAAR
Commercial area, Vendor spaces and Private vehicles parking are required around the Terminal Complex.
Banepa municipality ------- commercial development
MIXED USED ZONE
Mix – used zone
GROUND
HILL
GROUND JATRA ROUTE GROUND
Both man build and natural open space
TEMPLE SQUARE
Public open space
Equitable Allocations of Road space for Buses, Pedestrian, NMT (Non-Motorized Transport) & Private Vehicles
TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT Hierarchical Space Allocation – Pedestrian with Cyclist and Public Transport on Top and Cars at Bottom
Aim !!!!!!!!
OLD SETTLEMENT NON MOTORIZED ROUTE
UGRATARA JANAGAL
EASILY ACCESSIBLE
SITE AREA: 36,339 sq. m. 71-6-3-2 SITE LOCATION ACCESSIBILITY EASY PROCESSING FLAT LAND RIVER FRONT AREA CAN BE A PUBLIC OPEN SPACE
BANEPA
700 meters
EXISTING BUS STATION
PANAUTI – BANEPA - KATHMANDU TOTAL = 108 per 5 minutes 18 on hold (parking) 4 Khopasi per 30 minutes 5 Banepa per 15-30 minutes 2 Bashdol per 2 hours
Approximate Site location
BUS BEWASAYE
TOTAL NUMBER OF BUS
ARANIKO YATAYAT SEWA SAMITY – 165 KAVRE BUS BEWASAYE SANG – 136 KAVRE MINI BUS SAMITY – 108 HELAMBU YATAYAT SAMITY – 74 HIMAL TERAI YATAYAT SAMITY – 53 TOTAL – 516 / Day
SOURCE: (Google Map, 2017; viewed on march 16th, 2017)
Routes
1 Close up of river
1 Open and flat land
2 G a n e s h Ma n d ir a n d p e d e s tr ia n b r id ge
4
3
4 Araniko highway
1
2 3 Pulbazaar approach road
SOURCE: en.climate-data.org; viewed on march 16th, 2017
Site context
FORM FOLLOWS SITE AND MOVEMENT with mutual relation “ EVERY BUILDING SHOULD GROW NATURALLY FROM ITS ENVIRONMENT ”, Frank Lloyd W.
1
FLATTERN
2
BUILDING ADJUSTMENT
3
EXTRUDE
CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT
7
4
ADJUSTING TO FIT WITH SITE AND FUNCTION
5
CREATION OF TERMINAL WING
6
CREATION OF ACCOMODATION TOWER
“Form follows function – that has been misunderstood. Form and function should be one, joined in a spiritual union.” Frank Lloyd Wright
CREATION OF LONG SPAN SHADES Which are truth to material (Steel and concrete)
MERGING THE FORM WITH FUNCTION
Design Concept
CIRCULATION
BUS PEDESTRIAN PRIVATE (PICK & DROP) (PARK & RIDE)
Circulation
LEVITATING ARCHITECTURE
Shifting of masses and raising the building on piloties can help in the process of natural ventilation
FOCUS ON PRESERVING THE ECOSYSTEM THAT FLOURISHES IN THE GROUND HARMONY WITH THE SITE, VIEWS AND HUMAN VISION TAKEN INTO PERSPECTIVE FOR LEVITATION
Sustainable composition
Design
ENTRANCE PLAZA
Design
USE OF PERMEABLE PAVEMENT
Design
Marshalls Priora Permeable Pavement
SOURCE: (www.youtube.com;marshalls; viewed on Jan 19th, 2017)
Permeable pavement
XTREME STRUCTURES AND FABRICATION (xsf) TRIANGULAR TRUSS – MAXIMUM SPAN
12 m
Structure
Wheelchair user escalator
Divided structural members Economic for span 30 m Maximum span applied for 25 m Increase in stiffness rather than strength
tactile paving
COMPOSITE TRUSS
SOURCE: (www.accessible-japan.com)
Structure
SOURCE: (baradpooshesh.com; viewed on march 14th, 2017)
Roof Garden
Berth area
Arrival and departure berth
tactile paving Wheelchair user escalator SOURCE: (www.accessible-japan.com)
Berth area
Smog vacuum cleaner SOURCE: (www. inhabitat.com/worlds-largest-smog-sucking-vacuum-cleaner-could-rid-cities-of-pollution/)
Berth area
SOURCE: (www. ted.com; viewed on Sep 19th, 2017)
Smog Vacuum Cleaner
SMOG VACUUM CLEANER
DESIGNER DAAN ROOSEGAARDE 7 m tall Cleans 30,000 cubic meters of air per hour Effective radius 300 m
Smog vacuum cleaner
1 smog free ring = 3 1000 m clean air
SOURCE: (www. inhabitat.com/worlds-largest-smog-sucking-vacuum-cleaner-could-rid-cities-of-pollution/)
Berth area
SOURCE: (www. malaysiahydroponics.com)
Nutrient film technique
Hydroponic technique Free flow of air and cleans it
Horizontal NFT system
Prototype stage Efficiencies above 5% Traditional solar panels 15-18% Can be use in windows
SOURCE: (www. energy.mit.edu/news/transparent-solar-cells/)
Transparent solar cells
Green electrical energy
Real time Information display boards
Reed Beds are aquatic plant based systems which allow bacteria, fungi and algae to digest the sewage and clean the water.
SOURCE: (www.info.cat.org.uk/questions/water-and-sewage/what-are-reed-beds/)
Reed Beds
SOURCE: (www. bowen2bangladesh.wordpress.com/2016/05/31/flooding-yesterday-in-banepa/)
2016-5-31 and 2018-7-20 for around 6 hours
Earthquake
Flooding in Banepa
Topmix permeable concrete SOURCE: (www. tarmac.com/solutions/readymix/topmix-permeable/)
Permeable Concrete
Permeable concrete
Road level
Solution of Flooding
Recycled material Context changes with innovation Use of green energy Plan for future Sustainable approach
SOURCE: (www. indiatimes.com/news/world/these-eco-friendly-buses.html
Design for Future
One step towards sustainability The one thing all humans share is that we all inhabit the same limited amount of real estate, which is Planet Earth. – Bjarke Ingels
Sustainable Urban Design
