Silverdale Project 1 Studio 6225, BLA 2011 Denise Wong Tim Tomlinson Di Huang Naima Aroj
2011 Silverdale,Auckland 2040
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Design driven by
landscape
ecology
logic
spatial
social
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2011 Silverdale,Auckland 2040
Chapter 1
Design driven by
landscape
ecology
logic
spatial
social
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5 Contents
Acknowledgement
PART 1 - RURBAN SILVERDALE
The investigators of this project - Denise Wong, Di Huang, Naima
Contents 3 Introduction
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Rurbanization
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History of Auckland settlements
Auckland - Sprawl vs Planned Growth 12 - Transport 8 - Social Services 8 - Telecommunication 8 - Metropolitan Urban Limits 8 Rodney District - Catchments 9 Silverdale - Land Parcels - Rivers - Slopes - Mixed Use Residential - Parks and Reserves - Commercial and Industrial potential next to State Highway 1 - Green Space Integration - Fitting with The Auckland Structure Plan - Proposed Development Concept Plan
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Aroj and Tim Tomlinson acknowledge the help of:
- Nikolay Popov for his patience, advise and help with
- Matthew Bradbury for his guidance and for motivating
us throughout the investigative phase to the final
concept plan
- Denis J Scott for helping us with landscape assessment,
land use capability and analysis of data.
GIS in producing all the maps in this book
Appendix - References 38
PART Context and Site
2 - UNITEC NORTH CAMPUS (Wong)
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Development Strategy
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This book has been produced for consideration by
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Auckland City Council as an alternative to city sprawl
Integration of Public and Private Spaces, Circulation Plan
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and enhancing connectivity of ecosystems
Planting Plan and 3D Models
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Hydrology and Ecological Integrity
Introduction The main feature of human settlement in the Auckland region has been the development of a substantial urban area (the largest in New Zealand) in which approximately 90% of the regional population live. This metropolitan area is located on and around the central isthmus and occupies around 10% of the regional land mass. Home to over 1.4 million people, Auckland is a vibrant centre for trade, commerce, culture and employment. Auckland’s urban development form has been influenced by geographic factors.
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7 The Landscape is going to be driving our idea and where development will be situated. It will be influencing what and where land is to be built on. Being independent will require providing resources for themselves. Wind turbines will provide an excellent source of energy and power. A lot of land in the steep slopes will go wasted and untouched. Turbines can be placed in areas that will provide best energy due to strength of wind. Considerations will need to be taken into account, i.e. roads nearby and visually; people would not like to see them as it doesn’t look attractive on the landscape. We learn from the recent disaster which struck Japan which led to greater scrutiny of nuclear power and carbon sequestration such as burying waste carbon from coal-fired power stations. Wind energy provides just 1 percent of Japan’s total electricity use. Wind farms in New Zealand have the capacity to generate 600 megawatts or 10% of peak use. Another way to reduce outside assistance can be to have farming; whether its crop farming or diary. This must be thought out as well, in relation to the landscape because we cannot afford to use too much reasonably flat land, as we will need certain amount of hectares per site i.e. University, office parks, housing. Carrying these farms out into hilly areas will in a way provide us with more land. Silverdale has been earmarked by the new Super City council as one of the five big projects for substantial retail and residential development with a budget of $3.3 million budget for sports fields, roading in the Silverdale North development, a new town centre, pool, hospital and 2000 homes. (New Zealand Herald 5April, 2011) Our strategy for growth development is based around the idea of Rurbanizing. Rurbanizing for Silverdale would be to create an urban edge and maintaining an open structure that connects with the natural networks of the environment which penetrate the city. The transformation of non-urban land into urban land; which is the difference between city and country (urban and rural). Transformation of a rural and natural space into an urban space which is capable of accommodating all the functions of the city and organising the social interactions between the people. Inhabitating of a rural space with a urban activity, without adopting a traditional form of city. Rurban space can be a place of transition between the city and the country. Hiding, both the physically and conceptually the agricultural land in order to implant the functional systems needed to provide mass mobility, the space for the commerce and high-density housing while also creating public spaces for encounter and exchange.
Early European settlement, development took place around the ports and jetties of the harbours which opened a way of transport between the settlements and since then over time expansion has spread north, south and west. The kiwi Bach is a common choice to get away from the pressures of urban and suburban lifestyle. This mentality creates a huge pressure on the motorway system every Friday getting out of Auckland and every Sunday coming back into the city. Building by rivers and streams is one solution which may eliminate the need to get away to be near the beach. It is like living in a Bach everyday. By building a complete infrastructure of support and social services, this will also solve the problem of daily traffic congestions on the motorways when commuters have to travel to and from work wasting hours of valuable time. Our goal of design is to develop a self sufficient community. A community this is able to provide for oneself without the help of others; independent. For this to work successfully, Offices Parks, School (all year levels), Commercial and industrial buildings, shopping centres, Housing etc. All the resources will need to be provided, which will not require people to travel i.e. on the motorway to Auckland CBD or somewhere else. People will have everything they need in their own community. This means public transport is important but is focused within community and must been of a high standard, due to not needing public transport to the motorway to Auckland CBD. This allows us not to focus our attention on the motorway as much which will save a lot of money that can be spent enhancing something else. Auckland’s urban form has been characterized by the growth of low density suburbs which are reliant on providing their own private vehicles to move around which limited or no public transport is provided. On that note related to human settlement, the possibility of water transport could be brought back. Transport leaving the community and travelling to Auckland CDB which a) could be potentially faster and b) will provide less conjunction on the motorway. A mix of different public transport systems is probably the best solution where each resident has a bus “hop card” and buses are used to deliver people to trains. A diversity of daily travel patterns utilising a mix of cars, buses, trains, ferries and perhaps even trams could all work together for a more efficient transport infrastructure. Auckland City Council already has plans drawn up for more Northern Express buses and expanding the Albany park-and-ride station to cope with overcrowding on Auckland buses and increasing fuel prices. (New Zealand Herald, 6 April 2011)
]The absence of transitional space between the city and the country means there is great pressure on the space adjacent to those cities in need of land to grow on. About 15% of the working population can work with knowledge which can be transmitted to their clients all over the world, from even the remotest locations, via communication systems such as the internet. This implies that people these days do not need to necessary need to work from a office in a city building, but instead can do all the work from an office at their house. This combining with our idea of rurbanizing, will help to reduce conjunction on motorway/state highway and over populated living areas. Information people (analysts, lawyers, consultants, computer programmers, translators, artists, etc) no longer need to live in cities to live in urban lifestyle. Building new relationships in rural areas under urban pressure (Rurban). An important challenge facing rural areas is to provide facilities related to the diversity of green landscapes, and to supply other services than the production of food and materials for urban areas. This suggests that the opportunity for rural areas to provide complementary facilities within the urban-rural partnership needs more emphasis. It may be suspected that a rise in the demand for rural goods and services related to the green landscape, such as more quality and health products, accessible nature and leisure activities, forms an integral part of what is currently known as the quality of life. Motives for Rurban is due to urban pressure=increasing number of spatial claims without any enhancement of rural landscape. Urban pressure is a threat for quantity, quality, and identity of rural landscapes. Moving from cramped housing in Auckland City to roomy rural housing. The outcome of Rurbanizing will result in an increase in national land use, transformation of 2nd homes in to 1st homes and an increase in urban planning. Targeting consumers are tourists, 2nd home residents, day visitors and local residents. Rurbanizing will bring new consumers and tax payers which is what we will need to accommodate for. It will be required to have a wide range of housing, accommodation, restaurant services, leisure landscapes, schools, hospitals, Universities etc. The creation of a self sufficient community that will not need the assistance of outside towns/cities/suburbs. With the development of Rurbanizing, enhancements of the attractiveness of rural landscapes but without the cost will need to be made. Maintain current high valued agricultural and native landscapes and develop new natural area.
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11 History of Auckland (1842 - 2008) More than a few dominant geographic aspects have inclined the form and environment of Auckland’s metropolitan shape: Waitemata harbour and Manukau harbour is divided via an emaciated isthmus. For the period of early European arrangement, physical growth created around the ports and landing stage of the harbours, giving rise to a fledging transport network and metropolitan shape that has increased north, south and west with time in Auckland.
The existence of a large volcanic field spread across the isthmus the resulting cones, lakes, lagoons; caldera, islands and gloominess have impact the character of metropolitan development. Auckland town area was surrounded by two mountain series; Waitakere Ranges and Hunua Ranges. These two catchments supply water to the region. In Auckland there were settlement made immediately due to for the reason of gold discovery at Thames and Waihi in the Coromandel Peninsula, except also to a successful timber export business elegantly from side to side the ports of Auckland. The Auckland’s farming base was also reinforced and the financial system became support on manufacturing. Auckland city developed as a marketable and housing sustained to be urbanized around city centre. In 1870, railway lines were links to Onehunga, Helensville and the Waikato, and first train ran in Auckland in 1872. From 1869, water was begun life form from Auckland Domain springs interested in the city to make possible growth, and the settlement sustained to grow in south, Mt Eden, Otahuhu and Panmure.
Rapid progress was made within a few months of the legal foundation of the city. The general drew up a plan for the capital. And first land sales were decided in 1841 and the nation began to live in and around what was then referred to as Commercial Bay. This area served as the prime source of livelihood, in a straight line, for the popularity of inhabitant. The business activities were positioned to the east of Queen Street all along Short land Crescent to Point Britomart. Expansion in the business services division with major developed extends the region’s financial system during this period. Residential maturity shaped around business movement and presented transport systems. The settlements of working people grew on the city suburbs to provide new manufacturing, like the railway in Newmarket and brickworks and potteries in New Lynn. The main appearance of public transport was made of rail, horse trams and ferries. These transport improvements allowed a closer incorporation of the more remote townships with the centre. The Water was supplied to a limited to a small area from Western Springs for the city beginning from 1877 to 1906 and the Lake Pupuke supplied the people with Devonport (Ports Of Auckland 2008)2
Images on top and bottom (Auckland Regional Council, April 2010)1
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S p r a w l Vs Planned Growth (Newmarket 2006)3
(Auckland Transport Blog 2011)4
The Auckland city shaped altered significantly in the initial two decades of 20th century. In Auckland the dairy farming had turn out to be the fresh foundation of wealth in New Zealand, as well as Auckland increased as dairying extended during the edge. Glossary like Meat and dairy manufacture was procedure in Otahuhu, and then moved to Onehunga and Commercial Bay.
The Auckland city turns out to be New Zealand’s major business centre. The manufacturing of brick and tile was grouped in the region of New Lynn, and Henderson, Oratia and Glen Eden were orchards.
Historically, the development of Auckland’s urban form has been characterized by growth in suburbs, sprawl and low density development, accompanied by a dependency on confidential motor vehicles to get around. Since the turn of the twenty first century however, there has been growth in the proportion of new housing developments that are medium density and apartments, particularly in the Central Business District, but also in extreme areas, as the urban limits are reached and the benefits of mixed use and exaggerated growth were realized by residents and developers. (Auckland Regional Council, April 2010)1
Urban planning evolved throughout the twentieth century, leading to a great variety of urban forms which often had little regard for their impact upon the environment. In the ‘developed world’ this disregard is most evident in the rise of ‘urban sprawl’ as the primary form of urban development, one which has come under increased criticism in recent years because of its negative environmental, social and economic effects. This change has occurred in conjunction with an increasing awareness of human impact on the environment, and the emergence of ‘sustainability’ as a concept of international significance
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As sustainability is a ‘core element’ of the Auckland Regional Growth Strategy, it is necessary to establish exactly what is so ‘unsustainable’ about the current urban environment, most notably urban sprawl, as well as understanding what changes can be made to create more sustainable urban futures, Urban Sprawl is spreading the city outwards and its suburbs to its outskirts to low density and autodependent development on rural land, high segregation of uses (e.g. stores and residential) and various design features that encourage dependency. Auckland’s problems relating to urban sprawl resulted in a rapid growth population and its automobile – centred transportation systems. Over the past 165 years Auckland has summarised the various definitions of urban sprawl in the planning literature to create a working definition of the concept as: unplanned, uncontrolled, and uncoordinated single use development that does not provide for a functional mix of uses and/or is not functionally related to surrounding land uses and which variously appears as low-density, ribbon or strip, scattered, leapfrog, or isolated development.’
This low-density, single-use, automobile dependent type of development has come to dominate the urban environment in the past fifty years, and was brought about by a combination of regulatory, economic and cultural factors. However, urban sprawl is now viewed in a far more negative light in the planning literature, frequently implicated as causing ‘excessive land consumption due to under-valuation of open space, congestion due to increased commuting, and socioeconomic segregation due to exclusionary housing markets’. Furthermore, sprawl development is now perceived as contributing to significant fiscal costs for infrastructure providers such as local government and public health problems. These unsustainable growth difficulties are set to have even greater impact on Auckland region on the future with projected population of 2 million by year 2050. Aucklander’s housing preference resulting from a lack of apartments and poor public transport has resulted in a large urban sprawl and reliance on motor vehicles. This will probably continue, as the vast majority of Aucklanders live in low density housing, which is expected, remain at up to 70% of the total share in 2050 . Growth focused around ports, due to lack of transportation, development limited to locations within walking distance of each other. At this time Auckland experienced many pollution and overcrowding problems. Overcrowding resulted in city demanding to expand when viable transportation technologies became available. The demand for more living space from people who had been confined to crowded downtown area.
15 . Our idea and belief is that urban sprawl is bad and planned growth is good. Planned Growth is a new group of ideas aimed at shaping our communities in more sustainable, healthy, and environmentally friendly ways, providing planners a new framework to move away from sprawling development. Like sprawl, Planned Growth has a number of key characteristics: Higher-density: accommodating more people and jobs per hectare to conserve greenspace, and build communities that can support public transportation. Mixed-use zoning/complete communities: unlike sprawl, which separates land uses, Planned Growth calls for mixed use zoning in order to form complete communities, where everything a person requires on a day to day basis can be found within their individual communities. This involves combining residential areas, commercial areas, employment lands, and recreation areas into a unified, complete whole. Vibrant public transportation: by increasing density, and fitting different land uses together, Planned Growth aims to connect the places people need to be with meaningful transit routes. By increasing density, Planned Growth also aims to ensure that transit systems will have adequate riders to support frequent service. The idea is for every person within a community to be within a 5 to10 minute walk of a public transit stop, which would then connect them to anything they need.
Active transportation: just as increasing public transit use helps to move away from a dependence on the automobile, Planned Growth attempts to encourage active transportation by creating adequate space for pedestrians and cyclists so that they can safely use roads that were previously dominated by cars. This involves the creation of bike lanes and other bike infrastructure, and measures like separating pedestrians from cars with a line of trees. Protecting Greenspace: another important part of Planned Growth involves identifying integral environmental resources, and sensitive ecological and hydrological features that should be spared from development. By providing protection for these areas, planners can ensure the conservation of the environmental resources that sustain their communities. This protection can also help to shape where and how development happens, placing boundaries on sprawl.
Another concept that is frequently discussed with Planned Growth is the idea of intensification. Intensification describes the process of focussing new developments in already developed areas, pushing development in existing areas upwards, instead of spreading new developments outwards on to new greenspace. This idea relates back to our idea of Rurbanizing. While it may be more profitable for developers to create cookie-cutter style developments on greenspace, when environmental costs and the costs to governments and taxpayers are factored in, intensification becomes the clear economical choice.
The issue that we face due to new developments on greenspace, is that we require the creation of a vast new network of infrastructure, including roads, sewer, electricity, water, fire stations, police stations, schools, and the list goes on. The creation of this new infrastructure is extremely expensive and as a result the burden of essentially subsidizing new sprawl falls on governments and the taxpayers that support them. In saying this, the future outcome is far greater than falling into the trap of urban sprawl or even continuing on from current urban sprawl. For all these positives reasons out weighing the negatives planned growth is the strategy we will be working with for Silverdale. It holds an excellent outlook for the future of Silverdale and Auckland.
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Rurbanization Our strategy for growth development is based around the idea of Rurbanizing. Rurbanizing for Silverdale would be to create an urban edge and maintaining an open structure that connects with the natural networks of the environment which penetrate the city. The transformation of non-urban land into urban land; which is the difference between city and country (urban and rural). Transformation of a rural and natural space into an urban space which is capable of accommodating all the functions of the city and organising the social interactions between the people.
“
Creation of an urban edge in a city, maintaining an open structure that connects
with the natural networks of the environment which
penetrate the city�
Inhabitating a rural space with a urban activity, without adopting a traditional form of city. Rurban space can be a About 15% of population area people who work with knowledge that can be transmitted to their clients all over place of transition between the city and the country. the world, from anywhere in the world, via telematic systems. This implies that people these days do not need to necessary need to work from a office in a city building, but instead can do all the work from an office at their Hiding, both the physically and conceptually the agricultural land in order to implant the functional systems needed to provide mass mobility, the space for the commerce and high-density housing while also creating public house. spaces for encounter and exchange. The absence of transitional space between the city and the country means there is great pressure on the space adjacent to those cities in need of land to grow on.
.
This combining with our idea of rurbanizing, will help to reduce conjunction on motorway/state highway and over populated living areas. Information people (analysts, lawyers, consultants, computer programmers, translators, artists, etc) no longer need to live in cities to live in urban lifestyle Building new relationships in rural areas under urban pressure (Rurban). An important challenge facing rural areas is to provide facilities related to the diversity of green landscapes, and to supply other services than the production of food and materials for urban areas. This suggests that the opportunity for rural areas to provide complementary facilities within the urban-rural partnership needs more emphasis. It may be suspected that a rise in the demand for rural goods and services related to the green landscape, such as more quality and health products, accessible nature and leisure activities, forms an integral part of what is currently known as the quality of life. Motives for Rurban is due to urban pressure=increasing number of spatial claims without any enhancement of rural landscape. Urban pressure is a threat for quantity, quality, and identity of rural landscapes. Moving from cramped housing in Auckland City to roomy rural housing. The outcome of Rurbanizing will result in an increase in national land use, transformation of 2nd homes to 1st homes and an increase in urban planning. Targeting consumers are tourists, 2nd home residents, day visitors and local residents. Rurbanizing will bring new consumers and tax payers which is what we will need to accommodate for. It will be required to have a wide range of housing, accommodation, restaurant services, leisure landscapes, schools, hospitals, Universities etc. The creation of a self sufficient community that will not need the assistance of outside towns/cities/suburbs. Rurbanizing enhances the attractiveness of rural landscapes but without the cost will need to be made. Maintain current high valued agricultural and native landscapes and develop new natural area.
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Scale:1:500,000
Scale:1:250,000
Scale:1:100,000
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Land parcels greater than 10 hectares was identified first for potential development in the Silverdale region west of the main state highway. Areas of these land parcels which overlap with natural vegetation were excluded since the aim is to maintain all existing green networks and increasing these areas for better connectivity for the profiferation of native birds and better biodiversity of their ecosystems and habitats.
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All rivers were buffered to 15 metres for plantings to protect the waterways from erosion and collapse of their banks. These buffered river zones are also excluded from the land parcels for development
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Land with slopes A to C which were less than 15’ is mapped out in this region. Land parcels greater than 10 hectares which has slopes less than 15’ are identified as having potential for development into residential, commercial and industrial properties.. Those which are on the border of natural vegetation are earmarked for parks and reserves to increase the existing green network . They also serve as the recreation spaces for the well being of their surrounding residents.
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Where the slopes are steeper on the periphery of undulating land which have slopes of less than 15’ and bordering with those steeper than 15’ predominantly on the north of the medium density residential zone, low density properties can be developed. A covenant to maintain native bush on these private land parcel, coupled with an active support and advisory service from Auckland City Council will add to the green network. Of all the residential categories, this one most resembles the model or rurbanisation. Inhabiting a rural space with an urban activity, without adopting a traditional form of city. It is like a transition between the city and the country.
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Nestled amongst parks, reserves, planted river banks and stormwater ponds resembling native wetlands, the residents here on relatively small land parcels can enjoy the same rurbanising phenomena of housing in spaces with more natural attributes. Parks and reserves for this community can be built on land parcels which border onto existing natural vegetation. This increases the patch sizes of green spaces for native birds. Stormwater retention ponds here and on the steeper slopes where the low density residential areas are located play an important in keeping the water bodies downsteam and rivers feeding into this area clean.
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Silverdale 2011 - 2040 Commercial and industrial development for land adjacent to the main state highway is chosen for its location and proximity to the main transport route and visibility from passing motorists. Along the main road which runs off the Silverdale motorway interchange, potential development sites are marked for support services and amenties for the community. These include schools, churches, shops, hospitals, recreation centres and pool. Medium density residential properties make up most of the land parcels around buffered river zones. High density residential properties are situated next to the secondary roads and close to the amenties including public transport.
This integration of green spaces amongst built up residential homes, amenties, shops, schools, office parks, has been going on for some time in other emergent catchments such as Flat Bush of east Auckland. It connects between the urban and the natural areas access to spaces for sports, culture, leisure and relaxtion with green spaces in the territory. It gives rise to connective flows that open up relations with and make use of spaces rich in natural attributes, used by its residens as macro parks, conceived on an Auckland wide scale
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Commercial Area
Green network
In line with The Auckland Plan, this design concept holds great potential for three main strategic drivers:
1. our people who have the skills and drive to further improve for the future 2. our environment which is special and provides a lifestyle unique to New Zealand 3. our innovation which is both creative and advanced compared to most developed countries. The density of amenties such as supermarkets and schools have been concentrated around the main centres of Auckland CBD, Takapuna, Manukau and New Lynn. We have identified a need for these facilities to be built all within a 5 to 15 minute drive from where people live, without using the main state highway..
High Density
Low Density
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Medium Density
School, church, pool
Flat
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42 References and Images
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1- Images on top and bottom (Auckland Regional Council, April 2010) http://www.knowledgeauckland.org.nz/knowledgeAuckland/app_templates/download.cfm?id=0FD8F9DF-145E-173C-98C0-0CA3EDDD8832 2- (Ports Of Auckland 2008 http://www.poal.co.nz/about_us/history_auckland.htm 3- (Newmarket 2006) http://www.newmarket.co.nz/50.html 4- (Auckland Transport Blog 2011) http://transportblog.co.nz/tag/cbd-rail-tunnel/ 5- Design logics: Geologics-Vincent_Guallart. Environment pg 22-23 Photo on Cover Page taken by Denise Wong during Field Trip to Silverdale Photo on page 2 taken by Denise Wong during Field Trip to Silverdale
6- Rurban
7- http://www.freefoto.com/images/31/06/31_06_6---St-James-s-Park--London_web.jpg?&k=St+James%27s+Park%2C+London 8- http://www.victorianweb.org/art/architecture/london/109.jpg 9- http://www.fetchmag.co.nz/site/lifestylepublishing/images/Walks/SANDERS%20RESERVE_WEB.jpg 10- http://www.lincolninst.edu/subcenters/visualizing-density/images/tour/GT.1.1.jpg 11- http://www.pncc.govt.nz/CompositeImage.aspx?baseImage=%2Fcontent%2F113705%2FUrban_Design_Strategy_Photo1.JPG&processingXml=%3Cprocessing+jpgQuality%3D%2290%22%3E%3Cresize+maxwidth%3D%2235 0%22+maxheight%3D%22500%22+%2F%3E%3C%2Fprocessing%3E 12- http://www.edinburgharchitecture.co.uk/images/jpgs/belford_road_aw41.jpg 13- http://img261.imageshack.us/img261/1246/bussinessheightsrg1.jpg 14- http://sdmahajan.tripod.com/rurbanization.htm 15- http://www.vibrantgujarat.com/documents/vibrant-gujarat-summits/Rurbanization-Changing-face-of-Modern-India.pdf 16- http://www.rural-urban.org/ 17- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_sprawl 18- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auckland 19- http://portal.jarbury.net/thesis.pdf 20- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_growth 21- http://www.csmonitor.com/2002/1204/p15s01-lihc.html
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The West Silverdale Rurban
Context
Chapter 2
Project: The West Silverdale Project Types: High Density Residential Landcape Architect: Studio 6225 Naima Aroj Client: Auckland,City Council Area: 78 Hectares Location: Wainui Road, Silverdale, New Zealand
KEY Parks/Reserves Low-Density Residential Medium-Density Residential High-Density Residential School/Church/Hospital Commercial Industrial Rivers Land Parcels >10ha Flat - Rolling Slope < 15' Rodney Road Centrelines State Highway Centreline Green Network
Âą 1:100,000
Analysis of Site The existings things and elements on site matters while designing new places. Vegetation covers the most of the site. The large patches on site allow us to decide whether to protect the vagetaion or use it for something good.
Site Images
Cemetry Road View Points
At the nd of Young Access ROad
At the nd of Young Access ROad
Hydrology
Hydrology play a huge part in Landscape and it is one of the basic landscape element. Water also helps in designing Sustainable design towards the communityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s better living.
Key &
Existing vegetation Site Boundry
& & & & & - & -& & -& & & - & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & -& & & & & -& & & & & & -& & & & & & & & & & & & & & -& & & -& & -& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & -& & & -& & & & & & & & & & - & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & -& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & -& & & & & & & & & & & & - & -& -& & & & & & & & & & & & & & - & & & & & & & & & & & & -& & & & & & & & & & & -& -& -& & & -& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & - & & & & & & & & & - & & & & & & & -& & - & &
KEY Site Boundry Existing Road
basin Value
River Existing Road OREWA RIVER WEST CATCHMENT
速
Basin Map
速
Water Catchment Map
0
285
570
1,140
1,710
Meters 2,280
High : 725 Low : 1 0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
速
Raster Map2
速
Hydrology Map
KEY Site Boundry
KEY
Existing Road
Site Boundry
Raster
Existing Road
Value
Hydrology
High : 255
High : 104 Low : 12
Low : 1 0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
速
Hydrology Map2
速
Flow Accomolation Map
KEY
KEY
Site Boundry River
Site Boundry
Existing Road
Existing Road
Flow accomolation Value
Flow accomolation Value
High : 116 Low : 0 0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
High : 116 Low : 0 0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
速
Contour Map
Slopes Analysis
Slope Analysis is a principle which allow us to figure things about our Site. This process drive us to the site where exactly we should build or where not to build.
KEY 0.5m Contours Site Boundry Existing Road
0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
速
Tin Map
速
Raster Map1
KEY Site Boundry Existing Road
KEY
93.778 - 104 83.556 - 93.778
Site Boundry
73.333 - 83.556
Existing Road
Raster
63.111 - 73.333 52.889 - 63.111
0 - 14.58007621
42.667 - 52.889
14.58007622 - 34.46199831
32.444 - 42.667
34.46199832 - 51.03026674
22.222 - 32.444
51.03026675 - 64.28488147
12 - 22.222
0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
64.28488148 - 84.49816895
0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
速
Slope Aspect Map
速
Slope Gradient Map
KEY Site Boundry Existing Road
KEY
0 - 2.312546539
Site Boundry
2.31254654 - 4.625093079
Existing Road
4.62509308 - 6.801607469
Aspect
6.80160747 - 9.114154008
Flat
9.114154009 - 11.97082914
North
11.97082915 - 15.64369718
Northeast
15.64369719 - 20.54085456
Northwest North
0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
20.54085457 - 34.68819809
0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
速
Slope Gradient Map 2
速
Slope Gradient Map 1
KEY Site Boundry Existing Road
KEY
Hill Shade Value
Site Boundry
High : 246
Existing Road Less than 15 Degree
Low : 46 0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
More than 15 Degree
0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
速
Ultic Soil Map
KEY
KEY Site Boundry
Site Boundry
Existing Road
Land Use
速
Parcel Map
Parcel
Ultic Soils
0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
Existing Road
速
LCDB Map
0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
速
Luc Map
KEY Site Boundry Existing Road Afforestation Broadleaved Indigenous Hardwoods High Producing Exotic Grassland Indigenous Forest
KEY
Lake and Pond Orchard and Other Perennial Crops
Site Boundry
Other Exotic Forest
Existing Road
Short-rotation Cropland
0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
LUC cl
0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
Kanuka
Ngaio
Puka
Design Concept
Lance Wood
Cabbage Tree
Kawa Kawa
Plant suggested for the site
Lance wood
速
KEY
& -
Existing vege
LCDB High Producing Exotic Grassland Indigenous Forest Lake and Pond Other Exotic Forest Short-rotation Cropland water_flow River
--& & -& & & & & - & & - & -& & & -& & & -& & & -& & -- & -& & & -& -& & -& -& -& & -& & & & & & - & & -& - & -& -& -& & & & - & & & & & & & & -& & & & -& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & - & & & -& & & -& & -& & -& -& & & -& & & & -& & -& & -& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & -& & -& & -& & & & -& & & & -& & & -& & & & & -& & & & & -& -& -& & & -& & -& -& & & & & -& & & & & -& & & & & -& -& & - & & -& & & -& & & --& & & -& & - & & -& & & & -& & & & & & & & - & -& & -& -& & -& -& -& & -- & & -& -& & - & & -& & & -& & & & & & -& & - & & & & & & -& -& & - & & -& & & & & -& & & & -& - & - & & -& & -& & & & & & & & & -& & -& & -& & -& -& -& -& -& -& & -& -& -& --& & -& & -& &
Parcel
&
road boundry Less than 15 sLopes More than
&& -& -& &
&& -
&& -
KEY
& -
Existing vege 001_buildings
LCDB High Producing Exotic Grassland Indigenous Forest Lake and Pond Other Exotic Forest
--& & -& & & & & - & & - & -& & & & & & & & & -& & -& & & - & & -& & -& -& & -& & & & & -& -& & - & & & - & --& & & & & - & & -& - & -& - & & -& & & & & & -& & & & & & & & & -& & -& & - & -& -& & -& & -& & -& & & -& & & & & & -& & -& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & -& & -& & & & & & & -& & & -& & & & -& & & & & -& & & & & -& -& -& & & -& & -& & -& & & & & & & & & & & & & & -& & & & & & & & & & & -& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & - & -& & -& -& & -& -& & & & & & & & & & & & -& & & & & & & & & & & & - & & -& - & -& & & -& & & & & & & & & -& - & - & & & -& & & & & & -& - & & -& & -& -& & -& & & & & & & & -& & -& & & -& & -& & -& &
Short-rotation Cropland water_flow River Parcel road boundry Less than 15 sLopes More than
& & & & & &
&& -
&& -
速
速
KEY
& -
Existing vege 001_Road 001_buildings water_flow River Parcel road boundry 0 - 2.312546539 2.31254654 - 4.625093079 4.62509308 - 6.801607469
-& & & -& & & & & - & & - & & & -& & & -& & & -& & & -& & - & & & -& & -& -& -& & & & & & & & - & & -& -& -& & & -& & - - & & -& & -& & & & & -& & & & & & & & & & & & -& & -& & -& & -& -& -& & & & & -& -& & & & & & & & -& & & & -& & & & -& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & -& & -& -& & & & & -& & & -& & & & -& & & & & -& & & & & & & -& -& & -& & & -& -& & & & & & & & & & & & & -& & -& & - & & -& & & & & -& & -& & & & & & & & -& & & & & & & & & & & & & - & -& & -& & -& & -& & & & - & & & & & & & & & & & & - & & & & & & & & & - & & & -& & & & & & & & & -& & & - & & & -& & & & & & & & -& - & -& -& & & -& & -& -& -& -& & -& & -& & & -& & -& & -& &
6.80160747 - 9.114154008 9.114154009 - 11.97082914 11.97082915 - 15.64369718
& & & & &
&& -
&
&& -
15.64369719 - 20.54085456 20.54085457 - 34.68819809
Example Of High Density Residential
KEY
& -
Example Of High Density Residential
--& & -& & -& & & & - & & - & -& -& -& & & & & 2 Hec & 1.8 Hec 1 Hec -& -& & -& & - & & -& - & & --& -& -& -& & & & 3.5 Hec -& -& - & & -& & - & --& & & & & - & & & - & - & & & -& & & & & & -& -& & & & & & - & - & & -& & -& & -& -& -& & & -& & -& & & -& & & 4 Hec & & -& & -& & -& & & -& & & & & -& & & & & & & & -& & -& & & & -& & -& -& & & & & & -& & & -& & -& & -& & & & -& & & -& & 2.7 Hec & -& -& -& & -& & & -& & -& & & & -& 3.7 Hec & & & & -& & -& & & -& -& & & -& & -& 2.1 Hec -& & -& & -& -& & & & -& & & & & & -& & & & & & & & - & -& & -& -& & -& -& 4.4 Hec -& & -& & Existing vegetation & -& & & & & & & & -& & & Proposed site for Building & & - & & & & & & -& & -& & - & & water_flow & & & & -& & - & - & & -& -& -& & River -& -& 4.8Hec & & & & & -& - & & Existing Road -& -& -& & -& & -& -& & & & & & & & -& Proposed roads -& -& & -& & -& & & 3.5 Hec
& && -& -& -&
&
&
&& -
速
Final Concept
速
Proposed site to be built -& & -& && & -& & & & & & -& & & -& & & -& -& & & & & -& & & & -& & -& & -& & -& & & -& & & -& & -& & -& & & -& & & -& & & & & & & && --& & & - & & & -& & - & & -& & & -& - & -& & -& & -& & -& & & && & -& -- & & -& --& & - & & & & & -& -& & -& -& & & -& -& & & & -& & & & & - & & & & & & & & -& & & && & & -& & & & & & -& & & & -& & -& & & & - & & &
&
&
& & & &
& & -
& & & & &
KEY
&
& -& & & &
&
&
&
&
& & & &
&& -
& && & & & &
&& --& & & -& -& &
&
&& -& & -& & -- & & & & -& & -& & & & & & & & & & & & - & & -& -& & -& & & & & & & -& & - & & & & -& & & -& & -& --& - & & & - -& & & -& & & & -& & -& -& & -& & & & - & & -& - & & -& & & & & & -& & -& - & & & -& &
Existing vegetation Parks and reserves Buildngs001
&
& &
&& -& & &
&
Future development water_flow River Existing Road
0
87.5
175
350
525
. . ! !! -! & ! . -! & .! . . . . ! . & . ! -! & . ! & .! ! . ! & & . ! -& & . ! . ! . & . ! . ! & . ! & . ! . ! & & . ! . ! & & . ! -& & . ! . ! . ! .! ! . ! . ! . . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! ! . ! . ! & . ! . . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! .! .! ! . ! . ! .! & . ! & . ! . -! & . & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! & .! ! & . ! & . ! . . ! -! .! ! . ! .! ! & . ! . . . ! -& & & . ! . ! . ! . ! . . ! . ! . ! -& & -! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! - . . ! ! & . ! . & ! . . ! -& & . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! & & & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & & & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! .! ! . ! ! . ! . ! & . -! & . . ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! . & ! . -& & . ! . ! & . ! . ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! & . ! ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! -& . . ! . ! . ! -& - ! . . ! -& & . ! & . ! . ! . ! & & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & & . ! . ! & . ! . ! & . . ! -! & . ! . ! . ! -& & & . ! . ! & . ! & & . ! . ! . -& & . . ! & . ! . ! ! .! ! . ! -& & . ! .& ! . ! -& -& & . ! . ! & -& . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! -& . ! . ! & . ! & . .! ! -& . ! ! -! . ! . ! . ! . ! -& & . .& ! - -& & -& . .! ! . . ! -& .! ! . . ! . ! & . ! -& & - ! . ! . ! . ! ..! ! -& & . .& ! -! & & & . ! . ! . . ! & . ! . ! & & . ! . ! & . ! . ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! - & . & ! . ! . ! . ! -& & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! & & . ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! -! & . ! . ! ! . ! & . ! -& & . . ! .& . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! . ! . & . ! -! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & - ! & & . ! . ! ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . .& ! . . ! & .! ! .. ..! ! . ! . ! -! & . ! & & . ! . ! . ! . ! & & . ! -& & . ! . ! . ! ! & . ! -& . ! . - & & . ! . -! .& ! . ! . ! .& ! & -! & . ! ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! -! . ! . & . . ! . ! ! -! & - ! & . ! . ! . ! . -& & . -. & . ! . & . ! . ! .! ! . ! . ! -& & . ! ! . & ! . ! & . ! . ! . & . -& & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! -& & . ! . ! & . ! -! & & . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! ! -. & . ! . ! . . ! . ! & . ! & . . ! . ! ! . ! . . ! -! & .& ! - & & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! ! & . . ! . ! .! ! -& -& & -& & . .! ! & & . ! . . ! . ! . ! . ! & .! ! & . ! . ! & & . ! & . . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & & . ! . ! . . ! . ! . ! ! . ! & . ! . ! . ! ! . . ! . ! . ! & . & ! . ! -& & . ! & . ! . ! & . ! & . ! & .& ! & . ! . ! . & ! & . ! & & . ! . ! & .& ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & & . ! . ! & & . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! & & & . ! . ! . ! & . . ! & . ! . ! -. & . ! . ! - ! & . ! & & & . ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! - ! & . ! . ! . ! .& ! . ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & & . ! . ! . ! -! & . ! . ! . ! .& ! . ! . -! & - & & . ! . ! -& & .! ! . . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! -& & . ! & & . . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! . ! & . ! ! & . ! . . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! & & . & . ! ! . ! & & & . ! & . . ! ! -& -& & & & & . ! . ! . ! & -& & & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & & - & & -& . ! . ! - & & & . ! ! . ! -& & . . ! -& & & . ! ! . . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! .! ! . . . ! . ! .! . ! . . ! ! - ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & .! .! .! ! . & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! .! ! . . .! ! . ! & . ! .! . .! ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! .! ! . ! . ! . . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! & . ! . ! . ! . & ! . ! -! . ! . -& . ! .! ! . . ! . ! . ! & . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! .! ! . ! . .!
. !
B
&
Proposed Roads
! . . !
B
Propsed vegetation
&
A
Meters 700
A
. !
速
Final Concept Map - & & - & && & -& & & -& -& -& -& -& & -& & & -& -& & & & & & & & & -& & & & & -& & & & -& & & & & -& & -& & & & & & & & & -& & & & && --& & - & & -& & & & & & -& & & - & -& & -& -& - & -& & - & & & && & -- & & & -& --& & - & & & & & & & & & & & -& -& & & - & & -& & & -& & -& & & & & & & & -& & & & & & & -& & & - & & & & & & - & & & -& & & &
&
&
&
& & & & &
Existing vegetation
another_pacth
& & -
& & &
Proposed Roads Water managment
& &
& & & & &
&
& &
&
& &
KEY
&
& & & -&
&& -
& && & & & &
-& -& -& && -& -& &
&
&& & & & -& - & & & & & & -& & & & & & & & & & & & - & & -& -& & -& & & & & & & -& & - & & & & -& & & -& -& --& & - & & & - -& & & & & -& & -& & -& & & & & & & & -& - & & -& & - & & & & -& -& & -& - & & & & -&
Buildings &
Parks and reserves Grassland River
& && -& & &
&
& &
Existing Road Propsed vegetation
0
62.5 125
250
375
Meters 500
Poster