Above & Beyond | Canada's Arctic Journal 2021 | 01 by above&beyond

The Inflight Magazine for Canadian North

JANFEB 2021 | 01 YOURS TO KEEP

Racing Sled Dogs at the Edge of the Arctic

A Nunavik Inuit Caribou Protection Plan

Expedition to Community Youthâ&#x20AC;?led Service Projects

Learning traditional knowledge and skills On the annual spring snowmobile patrol

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Dear Guest ᑐᕌᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᑭᒪᔪᓄᑦ,

Chris Avery ᑯᕆᔅ ᐄᕗᕆ

Johnny Adams ᔮᓂ ᐋᑕᒥ Executive Chairman of the Board, Canadian North ᐃᓱᒪᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᓂ, ᑲᓃᑎᐊᓐ ᓄᐊᑦ

Welcome aboard!

ᑐᖖᒐᓱᒋᑦᓯ ᐃᑭᒪᑎᓪᓗᓯ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᑦᑎᓐᓂ!

For my first message of 2021, I would like to share something that’s important to all our team members — our shared Mission, Vision and Values that help to guide us in serving you every day.

ᐅᑭᐅᖓ 2021 ᐊᑐᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒃᓴᕆᔭᓐᓂ ᓴᖅᑮᑎᓪᓗᖓ, ᐊᒥᖅᑲᕈᑎᖃᕈᒪᕗᖓ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑎᒋᔭᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᑎᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ — ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᕆᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ, ᓂᕆᐅᓐᓂᖃᕐᕕᒋᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑐᕐᓂᖃᖅᑎᑕᑦᑎᓐᓂᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᕈᑎᐅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᑐᑭᒧᒍᑎᒃᓴᕆᕙᒃᓱᑎᒍᑦ ᐃᓕᑦᓯᓐᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᑕᒫᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᖅᐸᒃᑎᓪᓗᑕ.

Our mission — is to meaningfully improve the lives of our people, our customers and the communities we serve. As a northern airline, we have a unique ability to make a positive impact in all the lives we touch. This includes safely connecting our customers to the people, places and things that matter the most, lending our support to many important events and initiatives and providing excellent career opportunities throughout our network. This is our purpose, and everything we do as a team supports it. Our vision defines what we are working towards ‐ to be respected within Canada’s North as a dynamic and caring airline, diversifying to serve other geographies and markets by leveraging our skills and resources. We understand that we must continually earn your respect by providing our best service possible, communicating openly, keeping our promises and quickly solving any issues that arise. Our relatively small size enables us to tailor our products and services to meet the needs of our northern and charter customers, while oﬀering a level of attention and care that larger airlines cannot match. By leveraging our unique capabilities, we can seek new opportunities and attain scale beyond what we can achieve in our scheduled markets alone. This will help us keep our costs and prices as low as possible. Our values — Safety, Integrity, Teamwork, Innovation, Service Excellence, Community, Respect — are the core beliefs and behaviours that guide us in how we treat ourselves and others. They are a major part of why people want to work for Canadian North and do business with us, and it’s what people tell others about what it’s like to work here. They are unchanging, non‐negotiable and help guide all our decisions. These are the qualities that determine who we hire and promote to ensure we always have the right people onboard to serve you. Our Mission, Vision and Values are real, and they have guided us in meeting your essential needs over the past year while overcoming any challenges that have arisen. They will continue to guide us in 2021 and for years to come, as we work to provide you with the best service possible. We are proud to serve you and hope we will see you again soon.

Chris Avery President and CEO Canadian North

ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᕆᔭᕗᑦ — ᒥᒃᓯᖃᑦᓯᐊᕐᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᐅᓯᒋᐊᕈᑎᐅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒋᔭᑦᑕ ᓂᐅᕕᖅᐸᒃᑐᖁᑎᒋᔭᑦᑕ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᐅᔪᓂ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᕐᕕᒋᕙᒃᑕᑦᑎᓐᓂ ᐃᓅᓯᕆᔭᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᖅᑎᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᑕ, ᐊᔾᔨᖃᖖᒋᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᕈᓐᓇᕋᑦᑕ ᓈᒻᒪᒃᑐᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᒃᑐᐃᓯᒪᓕᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓅᓯᕆᔭᐅᔪᓕᒫᓂᒃ ᑲᑎᕙᒃᑕᑦᑎᓐᓂᑦ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓚᖃᕐᒪᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓐᓇᖖᒋᑦᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᑦᑕᑕᖅᓯᒪᓕᕈᓐᓇᖅᑎᑦᓯᕙᓐᓂᕗᑦ ᓂᐅᕕᖅᐸᒃᑐᖁᑎᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ, ᓄᓇᒋᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓱᓇᖁᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᑐᕐᓂᖃᖅᑕᐅᓗᐊᖅᑐᓄᑦ, ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᒋᔭᐅᕙᒃᓱᑕ ᐊᒥᓱᓄᑦ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᑎᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᑎᑦᓯᓂᐅᕙᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓕᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᑎᑦᓯᔨᐅᕙᓐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂ ᐱᐅᓪᓚᕆᒃᑑᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᖃᓕᕐᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒌᓐᓂᓕᒫᑦᑎᓐᓂ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᕋᑦᑕ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕆᔭᓕᒫᕗᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᒐᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖃᑎᒌᖑᔪᓂᑦ. ᓂᕆᐅᓐᓂᖃᕐᕕᒋᔭᕗᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᔾᔪᑎᐅᕗᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂ ᑐᕌᕐᕕᒋᔭᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ — ᐅᐱᒋᔭᐅᓕᕈᒪᓪᓗᑕ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᖃᕋᑕ ᐱᓕᕆᒃᑲᐅᓂᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᒃᐱᒍᓱᑦᓯᐊᖅᑑᓪᓗᑕ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᖅᑎᐅᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ, ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖖᒋᐅᖅᑐᑎᒍᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᓕᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᓯᖏᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᐅᔪᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓂᐅᕝᕈᑎᖃᕐᓂᓕᕆᓂᐅᕙᒃᑐᓂ ᐃᑲᔪᓕᕆᐊᖅᐸᒃᓱᑕ ᐊᔪᖖᒋᓐᓂᕆᔭᑦᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ. ᑐᑭᓯᐅᕙᕗᒍᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᕋᑦᑕ ᐃᓕᑦᓯᓐᓂᑦ ᐅᐱᒋᔭᐅᓕᕈᒪᒍᑦᑕ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᑎᑦᓯᕙᓐᓂᑦᑎᒍᑦ ᐱᐅᓂᖅᐹᑎᒍᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᖅᑎᐅᕙᓐᓂᕐᓄᑦ, ᒪᑐᐃᖖᒐᑦᓯᐊᖅᑑᓗᑕ ᑐᓴᐅᒪᑎᑦᓯᕙᓐᓂᑦᑎᒍᑦ, ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᑕᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃᓗ ᓴᖅᑮᔪᒫᕐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᓴᖅᑮᑎᑦᓯᕙᓐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᓈᒻᒪᖖᒋᑦᑐᖃᓕᕋᔭᖅᐸᑦ ᐋᖅᑮᑲᐅᑎᒋᒋᐊᖅᐸᓐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ. ᖃᖓᑕᓲᖅᑎᐅᓂᕗᑦ ᒥᑭᕐᓚᒃᑑᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐋᖅᑭᐅᒪᑦᓯᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᓴᓇᓯᒪᔪᓐᓇᖅᐸᒃᑲᑦᑕ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᕈᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐱᑕᖃᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᕙᒃᓱᑕ ᐱᔭᐅᓯᒪᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᐅᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓵᑐᓂᒃ ᓂᐅᕕᖅᐸᒃᑐᖁᑎᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑐᓵᑦᓯᐊᕋᓱᒃᐸᒃᓱᑕ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᒃᐱᒍᓱᑦᓯᐊᕋᓱᒃᐸᒃᓱᑕ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᓴᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᖅᑎᓂᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᖓᑎᒍᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓕᕈᓐᓇᖖᒋᑦᑐᓂᒃ. ᐃᑲᔪᖅᐸᓐᓂᑦᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᖃᖖᒋᑦᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᔪᖖᒋᓐᓂᑦᑎᒍᑦ, ᓄᑖᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᓕᕐᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᕿᓂᓕᕈᓐᓇᖅᑑᒐᑦᑕ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓯᒪᓕᕈᓐᓇᖅᓱᑕ ᐅᖓᑖᓄᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᕙᒌᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓂᐅᕝᕈᑎᖃᖅᐊᓐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᑐᐊᖅ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᐅᕙᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᕈᑎᐅᕙᒻᒪᑕ ᐊᑭᒋᔭᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑭᑐᓂᕆᔭᐅᕙᒃᑦ ᐊᑦᓯᒃᑑᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᒋᐊᖅᐸᓐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂ. ᐊᑐᕐᓂᖃᖅᑎᑕᕗᑦ — ᖃᓄᐃᖖᒋᑦᑎᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖅ, ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖃᑎᒌᒃᑎᖃᕐᓂᖅ, ᓄᑖᑎᒍᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᐅᕙᒃᑐᓄᑦ, ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᕈᑎᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ ᐱᐅᓪᓚᕆᒃᑐᕙᓐᓂᖏᑦ, ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᓂ, ᐅᐱᒋᔭᖃᑦᓯᐊᕋᓱᓐᓂᖅ —ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᕆᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂ ᐅᒃᐱᕆᒐᑦᑎᒍ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᕆᕙᒃᓱᑎᒍ ᑐᑭᒧᐊᒍᑎᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖃᓄᖅ ᐅᕙᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ ᐊᓯᑦᑎᓐᓄᓪᓗ ᐱᑦᓯᐊᖅᑑᒋᐊᖅᐸᓐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂ. ᐊᖏᔫᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᒻᒪᑕ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᖃᓕᕈᒪᔾᔪᑎᐅᕙᒻᒪᑕ ᑲᓃᑎᐊᓐ ᓄᐊᔅᑯᓐᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᖃᕈᒪᔾᔪᑎᒋᔭᐅᕙᒃᓱᑎᒃ ᐅᕙᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᐅᕙᒻᒪᑕ ᐊᓯᒋᔭᒥᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓐᓄᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑑᒻᒪᖔᑦ ᐅᕙᑦᑎᓐᓂ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᐅᒋᐊᒥᒃ. ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᖖᒋᒻᒪᑕ, ᐊᖏᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᓇᓱᒍᓐᓇᕋᑎᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᑲᔪᕈᑎᐅᕙᒃᓱᑎᒃ ᑐᑭᒧᐊᒍᑎᒃᓴᖃᕐᓂᕐᒥ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᕙᒃᑕᑦᑎᓐᓂ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᐱᐅᔫᓂᕆᒻᒪᒋᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕈᑎᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ ᑭᒃᑯᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖃᓕᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᕝᕙᖅᑎᑦᓯᒋᐊᕈᑎᐅᕙᒃᓱᑎᒃ ᐱᐅᑦᓯᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᑕᖃᐃᓐᓇᕈᒪᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂ ᐃᓕᑦᓯᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᖅᑎᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ. ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᕆᔭᕗᑦ, ᓂᕆᐅᓐᓂᖃᕐᕕᒋᔭᕗᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑐᕐᓂᖃᖅᑎᑕᕗᑦ ᓱᓕᔫᖕᒪᑕ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑐᑭᒧᐊᒍᑎᒋᕙᒃᓱᑎᒍ ᐱᓯᒪᓕᕆᐊᖃᓪᓚᕆᒃᑕᑦᓯᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᓯᒪᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᒋᐊᖅᐸᒃᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᑕ ᐅᑭᐅᖑᓚᐅᖅᑐᒥ ᖄᖏᐅᑎᓯᒪᓕᕆᐊᕐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᓗ ᐱᔭᕆᑐᔫᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᓄᑦ. ᑐᑭᒧᐊᒍᑎᒌᓐᓇᕐᓂᐊᕐᒥᔭᕗᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖓᓂ 2021 ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᑭᐅᕆᓂᐊᖅᑕᑦᑎᓐᓂ, ᐃᓕᑦᓯᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᑕᖃᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᒋᐊᖅᐸᒃᑎᓪᓗᑕ ᐱᐅᓂᖅᐸᐅᔪᑎᒍᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᕈᑎᒃᓴᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ. ᓴᕆᒪᒍᓱᒃᑐᒍᑦ ᐃᓕᑦᓯᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᕈᓐᓇᕋᑦᑕ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕿᓚᒻᒥᐅᔪᖅ ᑕᑰᑎᔪᒫᕆᕗᒍᑦ.

ᑯᕆᔅ ᐄᕗᕆ ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨᒻᒪᕆᒃ ᑲᓃᑎᐊᓐ ᓄᐊᑦ

ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᐅᑉ ᐅᔾᔨᕆᔭᐅᑎᑕᐅᓂᖓ Employee Spotlight | Iqqanaijaqtiup Ujjirijautitauninga

ᓯᑕᐃᓯ ᕇᑦ | Stacy Reid ᓯᑕᐃᓯ ᕇᑦ, ᐱᕈᖅᓴᓂᑯ ᔭᓗᓇᐃ, ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᕐᒥ, ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᑎᒌᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᑦᓯᐊᖅᓱᓂᓗ ᐱᓕᕆᓪᓗᕆᒃᑑᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᒻᒪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᔪᓐᓇᑦᓯᐊᖅᑑᓪᓗᓂ. ᐅᖃᓪᓚᐅᓯᖃᕈᒪᑦᓯᐊᓚᐅᕐᑐᖅ ᐊᑐᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑕᒥᓂᒃ ᐊᑯᓂ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᐅᓕᕐᓱᓂ, ᐱᒋᐊᕈᑎᒋᓪᓗᓂᒋᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑎᐅᓂᕐᒥᓄᑦ ᑲᓃᑎᐊᓐ ᓄᐊᔅᑯᓐᓂ. “ᓂᐅᕕᖅᐸᒃᑐᓕᕆᔨᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔨᐅᓪᓗᖓ, ᓇᐅᑦᓯᖅᑐᐃᔨᐅᕗᖓ ᖃᓄᐃᖖᒋᑦᓯᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᔭᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖁᑎᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕈᓯᐅᕙᒋᐊᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᕐᕕᒋᕙᒃᑕᓐᓂ ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᑦᓯᐊᖅᑎᒋᐊᖅᐸᒃᓱᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑕᒪᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᐅᔪᐃᑦ ᐱᓕᒻᒪᒃᓴᔭᐅᓯᒪᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᒫᓐᓇᒧᑦ ᑎᑭᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᒋᑦ,” ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓪᓗᓂ ᕇᑦ. “ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᖓ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔾᔪᑎᒃᓴᐅᔪᓂᒃ, ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᐅᕙᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᒥᓱᓂ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᕐᕕᒋᔭᐅᔪᓂ, ᓂᐅᕕᖅᐸᒃᑐᑦ ᑕᑯᕙᒻᒪᑕ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᐸᓐᓂᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᖓᑦᑕᕐᕕᒃᓴᕆᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᑭᖑᕙᖅᑎᑦᑕᐃᓕᕙᒃᑲᒃᑭᑦ ᖃᐅᑕᒫᑦ. ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓪᓚᕆᒻᒥᔪᖓ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᕙᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᐱᐅᓂᖅᐹᑎᒍᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᑎᒋᐊᖅᐸᒃᓱᒋᑦ.” “ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᒋᐊᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᖅᑲᓴᐃᔭᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᓯᑕᐃᓯ ᕇᑦ | Stacy Reid ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᕆᐊᕆᐊᒥᒃ ᖁᕕᐊᒋᔭᖃᖁᔨᕙᒃᑐᖓ,” ᖁᕕᐊᒋᓪᓗᓂᐅᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᓱᓂ. “ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᕆᐊᖅ ᐱᐅᒋᓂᖅᐹᕆᕙᒃᑕᕋ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᕆᔭᓐᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓂᕆᐅᓐᓂᖃᑦᓯᐊᖅᐳᖓ ᐊᔪᕐᓇᖖᒋᓕᖅᐸᑦ ᑕᑯᔭᖅᑐᖅᓯᒪᓕᕈᒫᕐᒥᒐᒃᑭᑦ.” ᕇᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪᖖᒐᓂᑦ ᓄᑕᕋᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔪᑐᖃᐅᓚᕋᒥ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᕙᒃᑐᓕᕆᔨᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᕐᕕᖓᓂᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᕈᒫᕐᓂᕐᒥᓂᒃ, ᐃᖅᑲᓴᐃᔭᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᑕᖅᑭᑕᒫᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᕙᓐᓂᖅ ᑭᒡᓕᖃᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑳᕐᑎᓐᓇᒍ ᑕᑯᔭᖅᑐᐃᕙᓚᐅᕐᑐᖅ. “ᐊᑐᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅᑕᐅᖅ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖃᐅᖅᑑᒻᒪᑕ.” ᐊᐱᕆᔭᐅᒐᒥ ᓱᓇᓂᒃ ᐊᓯᒥᓂ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᕆᔭᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᕐᓂᖃᖅᑎᑦᓯᒻᒪᖔᑦ, ᕇᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᒥᓂᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᖃᓚᐅᕐᑐᖅ. “ᐃᕿᐊᓱᒐᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᕆᕙᒃᑕᒥᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᕈᒪᕙᒻᒪᑕ. ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᕐᕕᒋᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᕆᔭᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᒃᑲᒻᒪᕆᐊᓗᐃᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᖑᓂᖏᓂᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᕙᒐᑎᒃ - ᓴᕆᒪᒍᓱᒃᐸᒻᒪᑕ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᒥᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᖓᑦᑦᑕᕈᓐᓇᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᔭᕌᖓᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᑦᓯᒃᑐᒻᒪᕆᒻᒥᒃ ᐅᖓᑖᓄᐊᖅᓱᒍᓗ ᐃᑲᔪᓕᕆᐊᖅᐸᒻᒪᑕ.” ᓯᑕᐃᓯ ᑲᓃᑎᐊᓐ ᓄᐊᔅᑯᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᓕᕆᔨᖏᓂ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᖃᓕᕈᑎᖃᓚᐅᕐᑐᖅ ᕘᕐᔅᑦ ᐃᐊᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᓂᐅᕕᖅᐸᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᔨᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᔭᓗᓇᐃᒥ. ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᕆᔭᖏᑦ ᐅᖓᑖᓄᐊᖅᓯᒪᒻᒪᕆᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᓕᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖖᒋᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᔾᔪᑎᒋᓯᒪᓕᓚᐅᖅᓱᓂᐅᒃᓗ ᓂᐅᕕᖅᐸᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔨᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖅᐹᒥᒃ ᐃᑦᒪᓐᑕᓐᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᕼᐋᒻᓚᒋᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ-ᐅᐊᖕᓇᖓᓂ ᑲᓃᑎᐊᓐ ᓄᐊᔅᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᔮᓄᐊᕆ 2018-ᒥ. “”ᖁᕕᐊᒋᓚᐅᖅᑕᕋ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᓚᐅᕐᓂᓐᓄᑦ ᕘᕐᔅᑦ ᐃᐊᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓃᑎᐊᓐ ᓄᐊᔅᑯᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᖃᑎᒌᓕᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓂᒃ,” ᐅᖄᓂᒋᐊᕈᑎᖃᖅᓱᓂ 17-ᓄᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᓄᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᐅᓯᒪᓕᕐᑐᖅ. “ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᓯᒪᒐᒪ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᐊᖏᒡᓕᒋᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᑕ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᒪᑐᐃᖅᓯᒋᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓄᑖᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᕝᕕᐅᓕᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᔭᓕᕗᖓ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᑕᑯᔭᖅᑐᐃᔪᓐᓇᓚᐅᕋᒪ. ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᑕᑯᔭᖅᑐᐃᓯᒪᔪᓐᓇᖅᐸᖖᒋᒻᒪᑕᓕ.” ᐊᒥᖅᑲᕈᑎᒋᒍᕕᒋᑦ ᓯᑕᐃᓯᐅᑉ ᐊᖏᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᕈᒪᓂᖓ ᖃᓄᐃᖖᒋᑦᓯᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᔭᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᖅᑎᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᕐᐸᑦᓯ ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐊᕐᕕᖃᖁᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᐅᓕᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᑲᓃᑎᐊᓐ ᓄᐊᔅᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᕙᓂ ᒪᒃᐱᕋᖓᓂ CanadianNorth.com Careers ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ.

Stacy Reid, who was raised in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, is a team member whose reputation for energetic teamwork and leader‐ ship precedes her. She readily shared her experiences as a long‐time employee, starting with outlining her role with Canadian North. “As a Customer Service Manager, I oversee that safety policies and procedures at all of my stations are being followed and that all staff training is up‐to‐date,” explains Reid. “While I manage budgets, payroll, and accounting duties for multiple locations, customers will see my work in ensuring on‐time departures daily. I’m also really involved with staff performance to deliver the best experience possible.” “I love to be able to get everything moving and have people excited to come to work,” she enthuses. “My time with staff is the best part of my job and can’t wait to be able to travel to see them all in person again.” Reid, who knew she wanted to work in the travel industry since childhood, would visit staff once a month when travel wasn’t restricted. “Each community has its own special characteristics.” When asked what qualities she values most in others, Reid thought of her staff. “They’re willing to do all they can to get the job done. Our stations work hard and do not see it as a job – they feel proud to get their flights out and do go above and beyond to help.” Stacy started her Canadian North aviation career as a First Air Customer Service Agent at the counter in Yellowknife. She amassed more responsibility in various roles before earning the title of Customer Service Manager for Edmonton and Northern Hamlets‐ West at Canadian North in January 2018. “I have enjoyed being a part of First Air and Canadian North history,” concludes the 17‐year employee. “I have been part of our expansion by helping to open new bases and am grateful to be able to see the North. Many people do not get to experience it.” If you share Stacy’s commitment to safety and service, we encourage you to explore current opportunities on the CanadianNorth.com Careers page.

From the Flight Deck How do pilots interact with Air Traffic Control? It takes a large team to ensure the safe operation of our aircraft. While many of those players are company employees, we also need to interact with external agencies. Air Traffic Controllers are one of the most obvious groups that have a significant role to play in our operations and there is a fair bit of interaction that happens for our flights to operate. A key element of our interaction with Air Traffic Control happens long before a flight departs. As part of the flight planning process, our dispatch centre files a flight plan with Air Traffic Control for each flight. That plan out‐ lines our requested departure time, routing, altitude, speed, etc. Air Traffic Control takes that information, along with the flight plans for all other expected flights – both from our airline and from other aircraft – and builds a picture of where all the aircraft will be at any given time. From that, they predict if any changes are required. Sometimes this can generate a small change to the routing that we can fly or a change in the altitude we can use. In other cases, especially in bad weather, they may require we change our departure time so they can control the arrival of aircraft at the destination airport. The approval of our routing, altitude and departure time is relayed to the pilots before we depart. Once the plans have all been approved, the aircraft departs based on those plans but, given the large number of aircraft that operate at any given time, there is always a need to adjust plans slightly as a flight un‐ folds. We continue to work with Air Traffic Control during a flight. Our level of interac‐ tion changes depending on how many air‐ craft are in the sky at any given time. As you can likely appreciate, if there are lots of air‐ craft – for example at a busy airport – there is a fairly high level of Air Traffic Control supervision but at more remote locations, with fewer aircraft, there is less of a need.

Team members in Canadian North’s Operations Control Centre work day and night to create flight plans and perform other crucial tasks. © Canadian North

In the busy airspace, Air Traffic Control is equipped with RADAR receivers (and the air‐ craft are also equipped with some additional electronics that enhance the RADAR infor‐ mation). This gives the controllers some very precise location information about all the aircraft in the area and allows the controllers to manage many aircraft in a small amount of space. Air Traffic Controllers use RADAR information to establish a “bubble” around each aircraft that ensures we always maintain a safe separation from another aircraft. Since the RADAR information is so precise, they can allow aircraft to operate as close as 5 km to another aircraft. This is quite common in Southern Canada and in busy areas. Unfortunately, RADAR transmitting and receiving equipment is installed on the ground. This is simply impossible in some remote areas of Canada. In those cases, Air Traffic Controllers rely on pilots to provide regular reports of their position. These reports allow controllers to update the location of each aircraft during a flight. Since pilot reports are updated less frequently than RADAR reports, they need to apply larger separation distances between the various aircraft. We often see this method used during cruise portions of our flights over remote areas of the North.

There is work underway that will use satellite communication with aircraft that will replace the need for RADAR. This will mean that in a few years, we won’t need to rely on pilot position reports, even in remote areas of the country. In areas where there is not much traffic, there isn’t a need for Air Traffic Control. In these cases, there are detailed procedures for pilots to relay position reports to each other and to coordinate their operations to ensure safe separation from each other. The level of interaction with Air Traffic Control is really driven by how busy the airspace is. Much like traffic control in a city, busy intersections get traffic lights, some get stop signs, while others just need a yield sign. Thanks to active collaboration between pilots and Air Traffic Control we can make very efficient use of the airspace despite a mixture of aircraft, all of which often have quite different destinations. Captain Aaron Speer Vice President, Flight Operations Canadian North If you are curious about a specific topic regarding flying and aircraft operations, let us know what you’d like to learn about and we’ll try to include it in a future column. Email: editor@arcticjournal.ca

Contents

The Inflight Magazine for Canadian North

JANFEB 2021 | 01 YOURS TO KEEP

Racing Sled Dogs at the Edge of the Arc琀c

A Nunavik Inuit Caribou Protec琀on Plan

January | February 2021 Volume 33, No. 1

Expedi琀on to Community Youth‐led Service Projects

Learning traditional knowledge and skills On the annual spring snowmobile patrol

9 PM40050872

o www.arcticjournal.ca

While visiting Qausuittuq, youth learn about winter camping and travelling on the land. © Josh Erikson

Publisher: above&beyond ltd. Managing Editor: Doris Ohlmann doris@arcticjournal.ca Advertising: 613‐257‐4999 Toll Free: 1‐877‐2ARCTIC 1‐877‐227‐2842 (Canada only) advertising@arcticjournal.ca Design: Robert Hoselton, Beat Studios above&beyond ltd., (aka above&beyond, Canada’s Arctic Journal) is a wholly owned subsidiary of Canadian North, and a media instrument intended solely to entertain and provide general information about the North.The views and opinions expressed in editorial content, advertisements, or by contributors, do not necessarily reflect the views, oﬃcial positions or policies of Canadian North, its agents, or those of above&beyond magazine unless expressly stated. above&beyond ltd. does not assume any responsibility for any errors and/or omissions of any content in the publication. Reproduction in whole or part without permission is prohibited. We welcome contributions but assume no responsibility for unsolicited material. Send to editor@arcticjournal.ca.

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Read above&beyond, Canada’s Arctic Journal, online: arcticjournal.ca or issuu.com/Arctic_Journal Visit us on facebook/arcticjournal.ca or www.twitter.com/arcticjournal

PUBLICATIONS MAIL AGREEMENT NO. 40050782 RETURN UNDELIVERABLE CANADIAN ADDRESSES TO: ABOVE&BEYOND LTD. P.O. BOX 20025 CARLETON MEWS CARLETON PLACE ON K7C 3S0 Email: info@arcticjournal.ca

20 Features

Canadian North Annual Toy Drive

In 2020, the Annual Toy Drive shared holiday cheer with families in Grise Fiord and Kugluktuk in Nunavut and Ulukhaktok, in the Northwest Territories.

Racing Sled Dogs At the Edge of the Arctic

Each year, we travelled alongside teams learning about landmarks, about weather, and about life at a time when travelling by dog team wasn’t just an annual racing event. — Text and photos by Miriam Körner

A Nunavik Inuit Caribou Protection Plan

An Inuit‐led caribou management plan would be grounded in Nunavik Inuit knowledge of caribou and the stewardship practices that have sustained caribou and Inuit since time immemorial — Kaitlin Breton‐Honeyman, Agata Durkalec, Mark O’Connor, and James May

Expedition to Community Youth-led Service Projects

The E2C initiative focuses on engaging youth aged 15 through 30 as leaders who co‐create unique activities that address the issues, opportunities, and needs of their local northern communities.

J A N U A R Y F E B R U A R Y 2 0 2 1 | 0 1 A B O V E & B E Y O N D — C A N A D A’ S A R C T I C J O U R N A L

12 Living Above&Beyond 19 Resources 33 Education Ilitaqsiniq/ Nunavut Literacy Council — Jesse Mike

37 Youth Annual Spring Snowmobile Patrol — Parks Canada

40 Sports Project North 42 Recipe 43 Bookshelf 44 Arctic Trivia Quiz — Alan G. Luke

46 Inuit Forum — Natan Obed, President, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami

Annual Toy Drive supports families or the past several years, and in partnership with friends at Canada Goose, Canadian North staff have been proud to donate and deliver gifts to children and youth across Inuit Nunangat. In 2019, over seven skids full of donated presents were delivered to families in Pangnirtung, Igloolik, and Kuujjuaq, Nunavut. In 2020, the Annual Toy Drive was able to share holiday cheer with families in Grise Fiord and Kugluktuk in Nunavut and Ulukhaktok, in the Northwest Territories. Grise Fiord is Nunavut’s northern-most hamlet on Ellesmere Island. It has a population of about 130 of which nearly 35 per cent are under 20 years old. Kugluktuk is a hamlet located at the mouth of the Coppermine River in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut. It has a population of about 1,490 people with

approximately 36 per cent under 20 years old. Ulukhaktok is in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region in the northern Northwest Territories on Victoria Island. About 400 people live in the community of which about 40 per cent are under 20 years old. As many staff and friends are working from home and weren’t at the office to donate toys and gifts in person, a GoFundMe account was set up for the annual toy drive this year where funds were donated towards the purchase of gifts. $14,000 was raised. The Hamlet offices in the three communities provided a list of families who needed gifts along with ages of the children. The Hamlets delivered the wrapped and tagged toys to families before Christmas.

Santa on Present Day for children in Kugluktuk, Nunavut. December 23, 2020. © Miranda Atatahak

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Left: Andrew Pope, Canadian North VP Commercial Operations, and Shelly De Caria, Canadian North Senior Director Sales and Community Investments, enjoy all the toy options for the little ones! Bottom left: Rosemarie Adriano-Estioko, Canadian North Manager Customer Service, chooses gifts for the children of Ulukhaktok. Below: Thanks to generous donations from Canadian North staff, Canada Goose staff and help from Mastermind Toys, Canadian North was able to provide $14,000 worth of gifts for the children of Grise Fiord, Kugluktuk, and Ulukhaktok during the Canadian North Toy Drive this year. Bottom: Cameron Fraser, Canadian North VP People and Culture, has fun with the toys she's chosen for the children of Kugluktuk. © Tammy Bouchard (4)

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With COVID-19 restrictions, the usual Christmas games and indoor activities planned in Ulukhaktok were not possible. Instead, to ensure all children received a gift this year, Santa and his helpers and members of the Elder/Youth Committee helped distribute the donated gifts during the Ulukhaktok parade on December 22, 2020. Top left: L-R: Elf Isabelle Gaudreau, Santa Jeff Gallant, Mrs. Clause Kathy Blouin, Elf Sarah Morin and Joshua Kuneyuna (front).

Top right: Santa and his helpers after a successful children gift delivery. L-R: Kendra Kudlak, Maegan Avakana, Naomi Klengenberg, Dana Illasiak, Elf Sarah Morin, Derek Squirrel, Elf Isabelle Gaudreau, Santa Jeff Gallant, Mrs. Clause Kathy Blouin, and Stephen Joss. Bottom right: Back Row L-R: Elf Sarah Morin, Erica Alanak, Elf Isabelle Gaudreau, and Santa Jeff Gallant. Front Row L-R: Sarah Joss, Liam Alanak, and Tanesha Alanak. © Billy Goose (4)

Bottom left: Santa Jeff Gallant with Bella Memogana and Ashlyn Joss.

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Live performance revitalizes string games Tauvigjuaq performers, under the artistic direction of Project Leader Jacky Qrunnut and Alex Arnatsiaq: Jimmy Qamukaq, Ashley Akittirq, Edith Auksaq, Maya Cook, Neil Akittirq, Kunuk Anguratsiaq, Jane Tapatsiaq, Dylon Kayotak, Bernadette Uttak, Sabeshton Jr. Natar, and Alexa Ivalu. © Alex Arnatsiaq

In mid November, Artcirq performed Tauvigjuaq (The Great Darkness) in the streets of Igloolik, Nunavut, on the day that marked the departure of the sun. Traditionally, the great darkness period, Tauvigjuaq, was associated with taboos. Inuit string games (popular in every igloo) were forbidden and old strings had to be cut, until the return of the sun in mid January for a new cycle of life. Artcirq kept this tradition alive with 10 artists and a large rope representing 10 fingers and a string. Music to accompany the performance was played on the local radio station. Artcirq wishes to thank Canadian North for their ongoing support through the years. Artcirq performers present an enlarged version of Inuit string games in the streets of Igloolik, Nunavut. © Alex Arnatsiaq

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LIVING ABOVE&BEYOND

Projects across the North vie for annual Arctic prize The Arctic Inspiration Prize (AIP) ceremony is going virtual this year! Ten projects have been selected as finalists for the ninth annual AIP. They include: In the $1M category: Ilagiitigut anngiangijaqatigiinnirq ilurqusivuttigut – This project from the Isuarsivik Regional Recovery Center in Nunavik will address substance abuse by focusing on intergenerational trauma, the reclamation of Inuit identity and culture, and connection to the land. Elders, addiction counsellors, hunters, scholars and community members will create wellness best practices using Inuit traditional knowledge. “Imaa, Like this”: Children and Youth Expressing Themselves Through Music – This project aims to teach Inuit children music, employ Inuit youth as music instructors, mentor Inuit youth musicians to become community music leaders, and provide professional devel‐ opment opportunities for Nunavut educators and post‐secondary students to integrate traditional Inuktut music into their programs. Northern Centre for Justice, Dignity and Leadership – The Liard Aboriginal Women’s Society envisions building a virtual hub commit‐ ted to strengthening services and supports that are grounded in Indigenous knowledge for those harmed by violence in the Yukon, particularly Indigenous women and girls.

In the up to $500,000 category: Dene Ahthít’e: Rebuilding the Indigenous Economy in the Dehcho – This NWT initiative from the Edéhzhíe Management Board aims to oﬀer programs to address the legacy and lasting eﬀects of colonization, cultural genocide, intergenerational trauma and economic dependency by re‐establishing Dene values and laws as guiding principles for economic development, livelihood generation, and entre‐ preneurial development. Niqihaqut – The Spence Bay Hunters and Trappers Organization in Nunavut proposes to develop a new model of social economy and food sovereignty anchored in sustainable and innovative harvesting, and the processing and use of country foods, guided by Inuit values. Tusaajuit – Kativik Ilisarniliriniq in Nunavik aims to provide community members access to educational resources about hearing loss and prevention and facilitating access to hearing care. The First Nation of Na‐cho Nyak Dun’s Indigenous Food Sovereignty Hub – This Yukon project from North Star Agriculture proposes JANUARYFEBRUARY 2021 | 01

The 8th Annual AIP Awards Ceremony in 2019 featured performances by: Deantha Edmunds, Inuk classical soloist; the guitar-fiddle duo of Yukoners Boyd Benjamin and Kevin Barr; Nunavik’s Sylvia Cloutier; Dene Orator Lawrence Nayally; and Arctic Soul icons Josh Q and The Trade-Offs. © Justin Tang/Arctic Inspiration Prize

to reduce barriers to accessing healthy and culturally relevant foods while empowering individuals to design their own paths toward food sovereignty. Youth Training in Ethical Knowledge Shar‐ ing and Co‐production to Advance Northern, Indigenous‐led Conservation and Stewardship – From the Canadian Mountain Network, this project will aim to train a generation of youth in the Yukon, NWT, and Nunatsiavut to design and deliver relevant research projects using Indigenous research methods, community‐based research methods, and ethical approaches to knowledge sharing between Indigenous and Western ways of knowing.

In the Youth category (up to $100,000): Artspace – From Makerspace Yellowknife, Artspace seeks to oﬀer arts programs in the evenings and weekends, as well as daytime drop‐in space, that caters to youth, individuals experiencing homelessness, and professional artists. Western Arctic Youth Collective – This project would create a network of allies and supporters of youth to organize creative and relevant programming for young people in the Northwest Territories, Inuvialuit Settlement Region. The AIP ceremony will be broadcast February 19, 2021.

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Vaccine roll-out begins Canadian North had the pleasure of transporting Nunavut’s first shipment of Covid-19 vaccines. Ramp Coordinator Hunter Macdonald had the honour of offloading this precious cargo. © Colin Gibson

Canadian North delivered the first doses of the Moderna Covid‐19 vaccine to Nunavut via a scheduled flight to Iqaluit on December 30, 2020 and will continue to play a crucial role in transporting these vaccines to communities over the coming months. Premier Joe Savikataaq said the first ship‐ ment is targeted for front‐line workers, workers in long‐term care and their caregivers, and Elders. As the supply increases, the vaccine will

be available to adult Nunavummiut in all communities, but this could take weeks or months. The territory received 6,000 doses in this first, two‐part shipment to the territory. Half of the doses were sent to Iqaluit and half were sent to Rankin Inlet. Another 6,000 does are expected to arrive in mid January. Vaccinations in Nunavut began January 6 at the Elders facility in Iqaluit and will continue with clinics

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in Gjoa Haven, Igloolik, Arviat, and Cambridge Bay in mid January. Chief Public Health Oﬃcer for Nunavut Dr. Michael Patterson said the Territory will be able to “administer at least 500 doses a day,” once the vaccination campaign is fully underway. Yukon and Northwest Territories each received 7,200 doses on December 28. In the NWT, people classified as the highest risk residents start receiving the vaccine in January, with the rest of the population receiving vaccinations starting in March. The NWT will receive its second shipment of 7,200 vaccines mid January as well, with two more shipments of 7,200 doses at three‐ to four‐week intervals before receiving its final shipment of more than 20,000 doses in mid‐March. Mobile vaccine teams of up to eight health care providers and support staﬀ will deliver the vaccines to communities. Yukon’s vaccine strategy includes people working and living in long‐term care homes, group homes, and shelters; health care workers; elderly people; and people living in rural and remote communities as priority groups for the vaccine. The federal government expects enough doses of the Moderna vaccine to inoculate up to 75 per cent of each of the territories’ adult population over the age of 18 in the first three months of 2021. The Territories have been identified as a priority for vaccinations due to their remoteness and lack of health infra‐ structure.

For more information on Covid‐19 in Nunavut, go to: www.gov.nu.ca/health/information/ covid19novelcoronavirus

For more information on Covid‐19 in the NWT, go to: https://www.nthssa.ca/en/services/ coronavirusdiseasecovid19 updates/covidvaccine

For more information on Covid‐19 in the Yukon, go to: https://yukon.ca/en/yukonscovid19 vaccinerolloutschedule

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ᔫᓯᐱ ᐃᓪᓚᐅᑦ (ᑕᓕᖅᐱᒃ) ᕿᖑᒻᒥᒐᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᑕᐊᙱᒃᑐᒃᓴᔭᒧᑦ ᕿᖑᑎ ᓴᕕᕋᔭᒃᓴᒧᑦ ᓴᓇᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᓛᓴᓘᓯ ᑲᓪᓗᒃ ᓄᑕᐅᓂᖅᓴᒧᑦ ᕿᖑᒻᒥᒐᖅᖢᓂ. ᑕᓯᐅᔭᖅ, ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᕕᐅᑉ ᐅᐊᖕᓈᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᖅ 1954. N-1979-051-0703: ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᖁᑎᑐᖃᓕᕆᓂᖅ, ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ, ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᖓ Josepi Idlout (right) peers out of his old-fashioned brass telescope while Lazarus Kalluk looks out of a newer Bausch and Lomb model. Eclipse Sound, north coast of Curry Island. Winter 1954. N-1979-051-0703: Nunavut Archives Program, Department of Culture and Heritage, Government of Nunavut Josepi Idlout (taliqpiani) qiniqtuq utuqqan’naguyumik atuqhuni qin’nguunmik Lazarus Kalluk qiniqtilluni nutaatqiamik qin’ngunmik atia Bausch Lomb piutaaniq. Eclipse Sound, tunungani hinaani Curry Island. Ukiumi 1954. N-1979-051-0703: Nunavut In’ngilraangnitanik Pivinga, Pitquhiliqiyitkut – Nunavut Kavamanga Josepi Idlout (droite) regarde à travers son vieux téléscope en cuivre tandis que Lazarus Kalluk utilise un modèle plus récent de Bausch + Lomb. Détroit d’Éclipse, côte septentrionale de Curry Island. Hiver 1954. N-1979-051-0703 : Archives Nunavut. ministère de la Culture et du Patrimoine, gouvernement du Nunavut

NUArchives@gov.nu.ca

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Student researchers receive awards The 2020 ArcticNet Annual Scientific Meeting took place virtually this year from December 7‐10. One of ArcticNet’s main objectives is to contribute to the training of the next generation of scientists needed to study, model, manage and ensure the stewardship of the changing Canadian Arctic. To encourage student research, ArcticNet holds an annual poster competition for excellence in research and presentation. Winners in the Science category were: Third place, Joe Boyle for Summer and Autumn Temperatures – but not growing season length – influence growth of a dwarf willow in coastal Arctic Tundra. Second place, Cory Savage for Application of Artificial Substrate Samplers. First place, Danielle Nowosad for Using DNA barcoding to assess biodiversity and phylo geography of freshwater invertebrates in the Canadian Arctic. Winners in the Marine category were: Third place, Lisa Matthes for Spring primary production in relation to various environmental drivers in Hudson Bay. Second place, Veronica Coppolaro for Marine mammal and vessel traﬃc acoustic survey oﬀ the Southern coast of Southampton Island, Hudson Bay. First place, Pascale Caissy for Impact of Early Sea Ice Breakup on Age 0 Arctic Cod feeding success in the Canadian Arctic. Winners in the Social and Health Science Category were: Third place, Melissa Weber for Community Perspectives on Tourism Development around the Franklin Wrecks. Second place, Jason Carpenter for Iqlulingmiut Uses and Needs of Weather, Water, Ice and Climate (WWIC) Information and Services – Preliminary Results. First place, Zander Chila for Climateinduced Changes to Fishing Opportunity: A Case Study in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region. An additional Inuit Partnership of Excellence Award is granted to a student poster that addresses the following criteria: the research must address a community need or priority, Inuit are engaged throughout all aspects of the project and communicated with throughout, Inuit are partners on the project and their names listed as authors on the poster, and the project and poster contributes to Inuit capacity building and training development. This year’s award went to Maeva Gauthier for her poster 1, 2, 3, Action! Inuit Youth Engage ment on Climate Change using Participatory Video. 16

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ᓯᑯᒥᐅᑦ ᐅᖃᕐᑐᑦ…Sikumiut Uqartut…Sikumiut Says…

ᐱᕙᒌᔭᕐᓯᒪᕖᑦ ᐃᖏᕋᓂᐊᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᓯᑯᒃᑰᑦ? Pivagiijarsimaviit ingiraniarlutit sikukkuut? Are you prepared to travel on the sea ice?

ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᕆᐊᖃᕐᑐᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᕐᓂᐊᕈᕕᑦ ᓯᑯᒃᑰᕐᓂᐊᕈᕕᑦ. Qaujimajariaqartut aularniaruvit sikukkuurniaruvit. What to know as you travel on the sea ice.

ᐱᑐᕐᓂᕐᑎᓪᓗᒍ

ᐊᐅᓪᓚᓚᐅᖏᓐᓂᓐᓂ ᓯᓚᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎᒥ ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐊᖄᖅᐸᓗᑎ

Aullalaunginninni silanniarutimi qaujigiaqaaqpaluti

ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐱᕆᓗᑎᑦ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑎᒥᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᑑᖕᒪᖓᑦ ᓯᑯ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᑐᖃᖏᑎᒍᑦ.

Ammalu apirilutit angunasuktimik qanuituungmangat siku ammalu Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit.

Piturnirtillugu

ᐅᔾᔨᕐᓴᕐᓗᒍ ᑕᕿᖅ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᓕᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ; ᐊᔪᕈᑎᒋᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᕐᕋᕕᐅᒃ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᕐᓯᒪᔭᕐᓄᑦ ᐃᒃᐱᒃᓇᐅᑎᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᕐᒪᑦ. ᑕᕿᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦᑐᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐃᒪᕐ ᐊᖏᓂᕐᓴᐅᓕᖃᑦᑕᕐᒪᑦ, ᑰᒃᑐᓪᓗ ᑯᓕᕐᓂᕐᓴᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᖏᕋᓂᕐᓗ ᓴᖏᓂᕐᓴᐅᓕᕐᓗᓂ. ᒪᓃᑦᑐᑦ ᓯᑯ ᒪᓃᓐᓂᕐᓴᐅᓕᕐᓗᑎᒃ, ᓄᑦᑕᐃᑦ ᐋᔪᕋᖑᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᒪᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᐊᖏᓕᒋᐊᕐᓗᑎᒃ.

Check the Weather Forecast Before you Leave

Ujjirsarlugu taqiq qanuilingalirninganik; ajurutigituinnariaqarraviuk aullarsimajarnut ikpiknautituinnariaqarmat. Taqiq inuittutillugu imar anginirsauliqattarmat, kuuktullu kulirnirsaullutik ingiranirlu sanginirsaulirluni. Maniittut siku maniinnirsaulirlutik, nuttait aajurangurlutik ammalu imauningit angiligiarlutik.

ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐊᖏᓐᓇᕐᓗᒍ ᓯᑯ ᐃᔾᔪᓂᖓ ᐅᓈᕐᒧᑦ.

• ᐊᑐᐅᓯᐊᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᐊᖕᒪᕈᓂ ᓇᖏᐊᕐᓇᕐᑐᖅ • ᒪᕈᐃᕐᓱᕐᓗᒍ ᐊᖕᒪᕈᓂ ᐱᓱᒃᕕᒃᓴᐅᔪᖅ • ᐱᖓᓱᐃᕐᓱᕐᓗᒍ ᐊᖕᒪᖏᒃᑯᓂ ᓯᑮᑑᕐᓇᕐᑐᖅ

Lunar Tides

ᐋᔪᕋᖅ

Inuutuluti Aullaqattangillutit Maruuk piunirsauvuuk isumagutik atausirmit.

ᒪᕉᒃ ᐱᐅᓂᕐᓴᐅᕘᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᒍᑎᒃ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᑦ.

ᑐᓴᐅᒪᔾᔪᑎᖃᕐᐸᒃᓗᑎᑦ

ᑐᓴᐅᒪᔾᔪᑎᖃᐃᓐᓇᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᓯᑯᒦᓪᓗᑎᑦ. ᐅᖄᓚᐅᑎᓂᒃ, ᐅᖃᓪᓚᐅᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓇᕿᑦᑕᐅᑎᓕᒃᒥᒃ ᐅᕙᓃᑉᐳᖔᕈᑎᒥᒃ.

Keep in Touch

Never Travel Alone

Piruluknartut Qangatuinnaq Mattusiksanik inuulisautiniklu naksaqattarlutit, utirsaaliniaraluaruvilluunniit.

ᒪᑦᑐᓯᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐃᓅᓕᓴᐅᑎᓂᒃᓗ ᓇᒃᓴᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᑎᑦ, ᐅᑎᕐᓵᓕᓂᐊᕋᓗᐊᕈᕕᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ.

ᐅᕐᑰᓇᓱᒍᓐᓇᕐᓗᑎᑦ

Accidents Happen

ᖁᑭᐅᑏᒻᒃ ᓇᒃᓴᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑎᖕᒥᑳᕐᑎᑦᑎᔪᑎᒥᑦ ᓇᓄᕐᓄᒃ ᓴᐳᑎᓇᓱᒍᓐᓇᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᐃᓕᕐᓂᒃ. ᓇᓄᕐᓯᐊᕈᕕᑦ ᖁᑭᐅᑎᖃᖏᒃᑯᕕᑦ ᐊᒐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓅᕋᓯᒃᑲᔭᕋᕕᐅᒃ.

Protection

Saputisimajunnarlutit

Stay warm Pack a lamp, stove, fuel, candles, matches, lighter, and sleeping bag to keep warm.

Tammariikkutimik naksaqattarlutit nunanguamikluunniit namungauvallianiit qaujimalugu, ammalu uqausiriqattarlugu namungauniaruvit ilangnut piqannarijarnullu.

Know Where You Are Bring a GPS or map to help you navigate and share your travel routes with family and friends.

Urkkua

ᐅᕐᒃᑯᐊ

Naksakkannirlutit Nauttiumaniartunik

ᓂᕿᒋᒃᑲᓐᓂᕐᓗᑎᑦ, ᐃᒥᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᕐᓱᕆᐊᓂᐊᕐᑕᕐᓂᒃ. ᓴᓗᒪᕐᓴᐃᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᑎᑦ; ᓴᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᕿᒪᐃᖃᑦᑕᖏᓪᓗᑎᑦ.

Niqigikkannirlutit, imiq, ammalu ursurianiartarnik. Salumarsaiqattarlutit; sanirnik qimaiqattangillutit.

Extra Supplies

Shelter The weather can change, travel delays happen. Carry a tent for protection from the outside elements. Check the Sikumiut maps and add the coordinates of known shelter areas before you go.

Pack more food, water and fuel than you expect to use. And always clean up after yourself; don’t leave garbage lying around.

ᐃᒐᒃ

Igaak

ᓯᕿᓐᓂᕐᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐊᑐᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᒑᒃ ᓯᑯᒦᓪᓗᑎᑦ ᐃᓪᓗᓕᔾᔨᐊᖏᓐᓇᕕᑦ.

Siqinnirtillugu atuqattarlugit igaak sikumiillutit illulijjianginnavit.

Sila asillirtaqattarmat, ingirajunnailinnarpak&unilu. Naksaqattarlutit tupirmik uquarijunnartarnik. Qaujigiarlugu sikumiut nunanguanga titirarlugillu naasautinga nunanguakkut uquarviujunnartut.

ᓯᓚ ᐊᓯᓪᓕᕐᑕᖃᑦᑕᕐᒪᑦ, ᐃᖏᕋᔪᓐᓇᐃᓕᓐᓇᕐᐸᒃᖢᓂᓗ. ᓇᒃᓴᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᑐᐱᕐᒥᒃ ᐅᖁᐊᕆᔪᓐᓇᕐᑕᕐᓂᒃ. ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐊᕐᓗᒍ ᓯᑯᒥᐅᑦ ᓄᓇᖑᐊᖓ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᓗᒋᓪᓗ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᖓ ᓄᓇᖑᐊᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᖁᐊᕐᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᑐᑦ.

ᐊᓐᓄᕌᒡᒋᑲᓂᕐᐸᒡᓗᑎ

ᓇᒃᓴᒃᑲᓐᓂᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᒪᕉᒃᓂᒃ ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᓐᓄᕋᓂᒃ. ᑭᓱᒥᒃ ᐊᑎᒐᔭᕐᐱᑦ ᒪᓴᒃᑯᕕᑦ?

Shades On a sunny day always wear sunglasses out on the ice so you don’t become snow blind.

Annuraaggikanirpagluti

Extra Clothing

Ujjirsattiaqattarlutit siqiniut nalaanut ingiralutit immaktisimalirtillugu. Takungituinnariaqaraviuk nangiarnartuq qilirninganut imakkut.

Be vigilant driving towards the sun when melt ponds are forming. Sky reflected on the melt ponds may blind you from a potential danger.

Pilagiarniq Sikumi aajurarmi pilagiarninga aktuaniujuq, ikaarviksaujut siliksitillugu aajuraq. Qaujitittiqattalutit naukkut pilagiarniqarmangaat.

ᓯᑯᒥ ᐋᔪᕋᕐᒥ ᐱᓚᒋᐊᕐᓂᖓ ᐊᒃᑐᐊᓂᐅᔪᖅ, ᐃᑳᕐᕕᒃᓴᐅᔪᑦ ᓯᓕᒃᓯᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐋᔪᕋᖅ. ᖃᐅᔨᑎᑦᑎᖃᑦᑕᓗᑎᑦ ᓇᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᓚᒋᐊᕐᓂᖃᕐᒪᖔᑦ.

Aajurait quarpalliajunniirpata qaujimajjutauvuq upingaangulirninganik. Ujjirsattiaqattarlutit aajurarnik, imaatuinnariaqaravit tutittiangillutit!

Siqinirmut Qillininga

Reflections

ᐱᓚᒋᐊᕐᓂᖅ

Aajuraq

ᐋᔪᕋᐃᑦ ᖁᐊᕐᐸᓪᓕᐊᔪᓐᓃᕐᐸᑕ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔾᔪᑕᐅᕗᖅ ᐅᐱᖔᖑᓕᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ. ᐅᔾᔨᕐᓴᑦᑎᐊᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᐋᔪᕋᕐᓂᒃ, ᐃᒫᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᕋᕕᑦ ᑐᑎᑦᑎᐊᖏᓪᓗᑎᑦ!

Ice Bridges Areas of stable ice between where leads begin, and end are called ice bridges. They are safe places to cross when leads get too wide. Share their locations with others in the community.

Leads

Naksakkanniqattarlutit maruuknik pingasunikluunniit annuranik. Kisumik atigajarpit masakkuvit?

Qaujigiarlugu Ikaarianginnirni

ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐊᕐᓗᒍ ᐃᑳᕆᐊᖏᓐᓂᕐᓂ

ᑰᓕᕐᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᒪᒃᑎᓯᒪᔪᒥᑦ ᐃᒃᓗᐊ ᐋᔪᕋᐅᑦ ᐳᕐᑐᓂᕐᓴᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᕐᒪᑦ, (ᓯᓂᖓ ᐋᔪᕋᐅᑉ). ᐃᑳᕐᕕᒋᓂᐊᕐᑕᐃᑦ ᓇᓕᒧᒌᒃᓗᑎᒃ ᐳᑐᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᒪᕐ ᓯᑯᓗ.

Qaujimalutit Namiimmangaarpit

ᑕᒻᒪᕇᒃᑯᑎᒥᒃ ᓇᒃᓴᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᓄᓇᖑᐊᒥᒃᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓇᒧᖓᐅᕙᓪᓕᐊᓃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓗᒍ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᒍ ᓇᒧᖓᐅᓂᐊᕈᕕᑦ ᐃᓚᖕᓄᑦ ᐱᖃᓐᓇᕆᔭᕐᓄᓪᓗ.

Qukiutiimk naksaqattarlutit amma tingmikaartittijutimit nanurnuk saputinasugunnarlutit ilirnik. Nanursiaruvit qukiutiqangikkuvit againnarnuurasikkajaraviuk.

Carry a rifle and bear spray to protect yourself. You don’t want to facedown a bear with nothing but your bare hands.

ᓇᒃᓴᒃᑲᓐᓂᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᓇᐅᑦᑎᐅᒪᓂᐊᕐᑐᓂᒃ

Naksarlugu supuujuuq, sirartuq, patiujaq, ikumait, kasuk, ammalu qipik ukuujjutaujunnartut.

ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓗᑎᑦ ᓇᒦᒻᒪᖔᕐᐱᑦ

Check the sea ice strength regularly with your harpoon.

ᓯᕿᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᕿᓪᓕᓂᖓ

ᐅᔾᔨᕐᓴᑦᑎᐊᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᓯᕿᓂᐅᑦ ᓇᓛᓄᑦ ᐃᖏᕋᓗᑎᑦ ᐃᒻᒪᒃᑎᓯᒪᓕᕐᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᑕᑯᖏᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᕋᕕᐅᒃ ᓇᖏᐊᕐᓇᕐᑐᖅ ᕿᓕᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᒪᒃᑯᑦ.

When leads do not refreeze it is a sign that spring has started. Be careful of leads, you may fall in with the wrong step!

Uquunasugunnarlutit

ᓇᒃᓴᕐᓗᒍ ᓱᐴᔫᖅ, ᓯᕋᕐᑐᖅ, ᐸᑎᐅᔭᖅ,ᐃᑯᒪᐃᑦ, ᑲᓱᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕿᐱᒃ ᐅᑰᔾᔪᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᑐᑦ.

Always take a first-aid kit, even if you’re only planning to go for a few hours.

ᓴᐳᑎᓯᒪᔪᓐᓇᕐᓗᑎᑦ

Tusaumajjutiqainnaqattarlutit sikumiillutit. Uqaalautinik, uqallautinik ammalu naqittautilikmik uvaniippungaarutimik.

Always have a way to communicate when out on the ice. Bring a radio, satellite phone, and SPOT device.

Two heads are better than one.

ᐱᕈᓗᒃᓇᕐᑐᑦ ᖃᖓᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ

Tusaumajjutiqarpaklutit

• Atuusiarlutit angmaruni nangiarnartuq • Maruirsurlugu angmaruni pisukviksaujuq • Pingasuirsurlugu angmangikkuni sikiituurnartuq

• 1 strike: if your harpoon goes through it is not safe • 2 strikes: if it doesn’t go through it is safe to walk on • 3 strikes: if it doesn’t go through it is safe for snowmobile travel

Be aware of the moon phases: they could make or break your trip. The full moon creates a lot of water everywhere, more flow from rivers and lakes and stronger ocean currents. Rough ice may get rougher, small cracks may get wider and open water areas may get larger.

And ask experienced hunters about recent conditions and their Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit.

ᐃᓅᑐᓗᑎ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖃᑦᑕᖏᓪᓗᑎᑦ

Qaujigianginnarlugu siku ijjuninga unaarmut.

Check Before You Cross

Kuulirtillugit imaktisimajumit iklua aamuraut purtunirsautuinnariaqarmat, (sininga aajuraup). Ikaarviginiartait nalimugiiklutik putuningit imar sikulu.

Draining of flooded ice may cause one side of a lead to be higher than the other, called an ice ledge. Pick a crossing spot where the ice and water are more level.

ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓪᓗᒍᑦ ᓇᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᑳᕆᐊᖏᓐᓂᕐᓂ

ᑰᓕᕐᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᒪᒃᑎᓯᒪᔪᒥᑦ ᐃᒃᓗᐊ ᐋᔪᕋᐅᑦ ᐳᕐᑐᓂᕐᓴᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᕐᒪᑦ, (ᓯᓂᖓ ᐋᔪᕋᐅᑉ) ᐃᑳᕐᕕᒋᓂᐊᕐᑕᐃᑦ ᓇᓕᒧᒌᒃᓗᑎᒃ ᐳᕐᑐᓂᖏᑦ.

Qaujimallugut Naukkut Ikaarianginnirni Kuulirtillugit imaktisimajumit iklua aajuraut purtunirsautuinnariaqarmat, (sininga aajuraup) ikaarviginiartait nanimugiiklutik purtuningit.

Know Where to Cross High ledges along leads can be difficult and dangerous to cross. Look for meltwater streams draining from the ice for areas to cross. The stream will have melted the ice creating a channel that is a lower and safer area to cross.

ᐳᒃᑕᐃᓚ

ᓄᕗᔭᖃᕐᓂᖓ ᐃᒪᐅᓂᖓ

Nuvujaqarninga Imauninga

ᕿᕐᓈᖓᔪᒥᒃ ᓄᕗᔭᖃᕈᓂ, ᑕᒃᓯᖅ, ᐳᔫᑐᒥᒃᓗ ᐃᒪᐅᓂᐅᒐᒥ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔾᔪᑎᒋᓗᒍ ᓯᓈᖓ ᖃᓂᒃᓕᓂᖓᓂᒃ. ᓄᕗᔭᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔾᔪᑎᒋᒃᒥᓗᒋᑦ ᓯᓈᖓᓂ ᓯᑯ ᐲᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᕐᒪᑦ.

Qirnaangajumik nuvujaqaruni, taksiq, pujuutumiklu imauniugami qaujimajjutigilugu sinaanga qaniklininganik. Nuvujait qaujimajjutigikmilugit sinaangani siku piituinnariaqarmat.

Dark Clouds Over Open Water

Puktaila

ᐃᒻᒪᒃᑎᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᐅᒃᐸᓪᓕᐊᔪᒥᑦ ᐊᐳᑎᒥᑦ ᐅᐱᖔᒃᑯᑦ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᐃᒥᑦᑎᐊᕙᐅᔪᖅ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑲᒥᐊᓗᒃᓯᒪᖃᑦᑕᓗᑎᑦ ᐃᓯᒐᑎᑦ ᒪᓴᔾᔭᖏᒻᒪᑕ.

Immaktisimajuq aukpalliajumit aputimit upingaakkut. Taanna imittiavaujuq, kisiani kamialuksimaqattalutit isigatit masajjangimmata.

Melt Ponds Pools of freshwater from melting snow begin to form on the sea ice at the start of spring. This water can be nice to drink but wear your rubber boots to keep your feet dry.

Dark clouds, fog, and mist form over open water and are a good indicator that the floe edge is close. Clouds are also a warning to be more careful at the floe edge, as it’s more prone to break off.

ᑭᓛᔪᒃ

ᐃᒻᒪᑦᑎᓕᕿᒃᑐᖅ

ᐃᒪᒃᑎᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐃᒻᒥᕐᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᕐᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐅᐱᕐᖔᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒧᑦ ᖄᒥᑕᐅᓯᒪᓕᕐᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᐃᒥᕆᐊᖃᖏᑦᑐᖅ, ᑕᕆᐅᖑᓗᐊᕐᒪᑦ.

Melt ponds start to get bigger later in the spring when seawater floods the ice. Don’t drink this water; it’s too salty.

Always take a second or third pair of clothes with you. What are you going to wear if you accidently get wet?

Ujjirsarlutit kilaanirnik sikumi imaktisimajumi; imaatuinnariaqaravit.

Drainage Holes

Imaktisimajuq immirpallialirtillugu upirngaakkut tariurmut qaamitausimalirtillugu. Imiriaqangittuq, tariunguluarmat.

Flooded Ice

Kilaajuk

ᐅᔾᔨᕐᓱᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᑭᓛᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᓯᑯᒥ ᐃᒻᒪᒃᑎᓯᒪᔪᒥ; ᐃᒫᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᕋᕕᑦ.

Immattiliqiktuq

Pay attention to drainage holes and whirlpools in the flooded ice; they can swallow you whole.

ᓴᓗᕋᖅ

ᐅᐱᕐᖓᕐᑯᑦ ᐃᒪᐃᔭᓕᕐᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᒻᒪᒃᑎᓯᒪᔪᑦ, ᓯᑯᓗ ᑭᓛᓯᒪᓕᕐᖢᓂ. ᐅᔾᔨᕐᓴᕐᓗᑎᑦ, ᓯᑯ ᓱᕋᑦᑎᕙᓪᓕᐊᓕᕐᒪᑦ.

Saluraq Upirngaqut imaijalirtillugit immaktisimajut, sikulu kilaasimalir&uni. Ujjirsarlutit, siku surattivallialirmat.

Rotten Ice Spring is nearly over when the flooded ice drains, leaving rotten ice. Be careful, as the ice is about to break up.

www.SMARTICE.org

Sea-Ice Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit from the Sikumiut Management Committee for SmartICE in Mittimatalik

Illustrations by Jamesie Itulu, Mittimatalik.

@SmartICE_Arctic

facebook.com/SmartICE.Arctic

Sea-Ice Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit from the Sikumiut Management Committee for SmartICE in Mittimatalik

Illustrations by Jamesie Itulu, Mittimatalik.

Creating resources for safer travel on sea ice Andrew Arreak, a regional operations lead for SmartICE, has spent more than a year digitizing and analyzing more than 4,000 satellite images of Pond Inlet sea ice to create a sea ice atlas. The images include a series of 230 maps, 10 for each year for two decades of data. The imagery is interpreted using Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit. The project includes the documentation of sea ice terminology to help travellers navigate around dangerous sea ice areas. The project culminated in the creation of two useful posters for those preparing to travel on sea ice and for travelling on it. Posters include reminders about weather conditions and lunar tides, communication, navigation, shelter and protection, and ways to check for ice strength. Although this project is specific to Pond Inlet, SmartICE believes it would be a useful model for other communities that can be customized to suit the needs of diﬀerent communities. JANUARYFEBRUARY 2021 | 01

Sikumiut, a group of Inuit elders, search and rescue members, hunters and other community representatives, help manage and guide the program. Katherine Wilson, a PhD candidate

with Memorial University of Newfoundland and chief of strategic policy and planning at the Canadian Ice Service, was also involved with the project.

A B O V E & B E Y O N D — C A N A D A’ S A R C T I C J O U R N A L

LIVING ABOVE&BEYOND

Response Program helps front-line workers In mid December, Canada Goose partnered with Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami and Canadian North to deliver 7,000 units of Canadian‐made personal protective equipment (PPE) to front‐ line workers in Nunatsiavut, Nunavut, and the Inuvialuit Settlement Region. The donation is part of the Canada Goose Response Program, which includes 14,000 units of PPE already donated across Canada and 20,000 units to Mount Sinai Health System in New York. The Response Program supports the brand’s HUMANATURE platform. At the beginning of the pandemic, Canada Goose retrofitted all eight of its manufacturing facilities and pivoted from creating parkas to medical gowns and scrubs to help protect front‐line workers. They have produced more than 2.5 million additional PPE units, all at cost, to fill provincial and federal contracts, including 100,000 units to Manitoba, 260,000 to Ontario and 400,000 to Quebec. Canada Goose continues to work closely with federal, provincial and local health authorities to provide as much PPE as possible to those in need.

Medical gowns, manufactured by Canada Goose, have been donated to communities across Inuit Nunagat as a part of the Canada Goose Response Program. © Canada Goose

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RESOURCES

NUNAVIK Test program helps determine content of mine Commerce Resources Corp. has announced encouraging results from an XRF ore sorting test project initiative with MineSense, a digital mining solutions provider based in Vancouver, British Columbia. The MineSense technology is based primarily on XRF (X‐ray fluorescence) sensors fitted to specific pieces of existing mining equipment that monitor the spectral response of the material being mined to determine its composition. The test project assessed the spectral response of 127 coarse analytical drill core rejects, comprising five rock types associated with the Ashram Rare Earth and Fluorspar Deposit. The algorithmic modelling of responses obtained from each XRF and LIBS (Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) analyses were success‐

157.4-carat diamond from Gahcho Kué mine. © CNW Group/Mountain Province Diamonds Inc.

ful in predicting the neodymium (Nd) content of the samples, among other elements. This is

New Inuit organization forms

NWT

a significant result as it indicates that a shovel or

A new Inuit led non‐profit organization in Nunavut’s northern Qikiqtaaluk region has formed to lobby for economic opportunities for its members from industry in the region, including aviation, fisheries and mining, including Baﬃn‐ land Iron Mines Corporation’s Mary River Mine near Pond Inlet. The North Baﬃn Association, or Qikiqtaaluk Uangnangani Katujjiqatigiit in Inuktut, represents the communities of Resolute Bay, Grise Fiord, Arctic Bay, Pond Inlet, Clyde River, Igloolik, and Sanirajak. Its executive director is Neeko Inuarak.

Helping to renew exploration activity

belt mounted sensor could effectively estimate the Nd content of raw run‐of‐mine feed, allowing for real‐time grade‐control and more efficient and cost‐effective mining. The project was conducted as part of the Company’s ongoing collaboration with Canmet‐ MINING, a branch of Natural Resources Canada for the rare earth element and chromite program, focused on developing new extraction tech‐ nologies, addressing Canadian environmental challenges, and improving the knowledge of Canadian deposits.

Agnico Eagle to acquire TMAC

NUNAVUT

On January 4, Agnico Eagle agreed to pay $286 million to acquire all the outstanding common shares of TMAC Resources Inc. TMAC is operator of the Hope Bay gold project southwest of Cambridge Bay. TMAC says the property contains at least 5.1 million ounces of gold. Agnico Eagle has also promised to pay down all of cash‐strapped TMAC’s outstanding debt, which amounts to about $170 million. Agnico Eagle Mines is a global leader in the gold mining business internationally and has been active in Nunavut since 2007. The TMAC‐Agnico Eagle agreement will come before the Ontario Superior Court of Justice for approval January 20, 2021.

Sample unearths new diamond and gold deposit A researcher, Graham Pearson, at the University of Alberta has discovered a mineral‐rich deposit 20 kilometres oﬀ the coast of Nunavut. Three small diamonds were found in a small sampling. The deposit is believed to be 2.85 billion years old and has similarities to the world’s largest, most dominant source of gold through‐ out history. The findings also tell scientists more about how the earliest continents were formed. Further sampling is needed to discover how much of the resources the area contains. JANUARYFEBRUARY 2021 | 01

The GNWT is helping to support mining companies by investing $100,000 in projects under the Mining Incentive Program (MIP). The four recipients of the early December announcement include Cheetah Resources, Gold Terra Resources, StrategX Elements Corp., and BNT Gold Resources. In August, the MIP invested $1 million in 19 mineral exploration projects. Seven of those companies are exploring for gold, diamonds, lead, zinc, rare earths, and other minerals. These companies included Fortune Minerals, North Arrow Minerals and Pine Point Mining.

157.4-carat diamond found In mid December, Mountain Province Diamonds announced the recovery and successful bid for the largest gem quality diamond ever extracted from their Gahcho Kué mine in the Northwest Territories. It is a 157.4‐carat diamond and will be oﬀered for sale in the first quarter of 2021. Located at Kennady Lake, approximately 280 km northeast of Yellowknife and 80 km southeast of De Beers’ Snap Lake Mine, the Gahcho Kué Mine is a joint venture between De Beers Canada Inc. (51 per cent) and Mountain Province Diamonds Inc.(49 per cent).

A B O V E & B E Y O N D — C A N A D A’ S A R C T I C J O U R N A L

Racing at the edge of the Arctic From dog musher to writer Text and photos by Miriam Körner “What compelled me to enter this race?” My ten sled dogs and I looked equally intimidated across the vast expanse of Hudson Bay, the jumble of ice on the Churchill River rugged like mountain ranges. he year was 2006 and I was about to set out onto the trail of the annual Hudson Bay Quest Sled Dog Race from Churchill, Manitoba, to Arviat, Nunavut. By ‘trail’ I mean wooden stakes stuck into the snow every hundred meters or so that may or may not be visible in a blizzard; that may or may not be standing when tidal overflow flooded the rivers. While Inuit racers packed their caribou sleeping bags onto sleek qamutiit, I was trying to cram my rookie bulk into a sled bag that seemed three sizes to small for the journey ahead. The night before, I was killed by polar bears at least three times in my dreams. When I did survive the bears, I fell through the ice or wandered blindly through raging blizzards. So, what did compel me — a qallunaaq from northern Saskatchewan — to run a 250-mile race in one of the harshest places I had ever been? If you are expecting me to ramble on about the “Call of the Wild” and the “Great White North” I must disappoint you — it was as simple as a radio feature I listened to on CBC. Racers must be self-sufficient for the duration of the three-day race as there are no communities along the way, the reporter had said. An extended camping trip of sorts. I liked camping – although I had never been blown away in my tent and rolled across the tundra before. What really caught my attention though was the mention of Inuit Elders who would compete in the race. Inuit — amongst other circumpolar peoples — have depended on dogs for winter travel, hunting polar bears, sniffing out seal

holes, and packing in summertime. In short: their survival depended on their dogs. Children grew up raising pups, and a well-fed and well-trained team earned the owner deep respect — and still does today. I knew little about Inuit dog culture, but entering the race sounded like the perfect way to change that. The first thing I learned is that qamutiit have no breaks and when we pulled our snow hooks at the start, the Inuit mushers’ dogs — eager to run — took off at breakneck speed. That was the last I saw of the Inuit teams. What they knew — and I didn’t — was that the weather was about to change. Travel when you can, an old Inuit saying goes, and they did. The storm hit my team somewhere between North Knife River and Nunalla, an abandoned trading post and half-way checkpoint of the race. Within minutes I could barely see my lead dogs through the blowing snow. The dogs veered leeward. I was worried about getting lost. Not that I knew where I was to begin with but having a trail had given me a small sense of comfort and that comfort was gone. How had Inuit people survived on this land before being forced to relocate to coastal communities? I wondered about how they knew where to go without a map, how they were able to feed themselves and their dogs without peanut butter and jelly sandwiches and commercial dog food. Maybe there was a reason I was the only woman in the race — the ones who were smart stayed home. And that was

Peter Mamgark Sr. at the start line of the 2010 Hudson Bay Quest Sled Dog Race in Churchill, Manitoba.

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A B O V E & B E Y O N D — C A N A D A’ S A R C T I C J O U R N A L

Andy Kowtak from Arviat and team arrive at the finish line in Churchill.

Quincy Miller from Saskatchewan hooking up Fuzzy and Vicious for a last training run before the 2010 race.

exactly my plan from now on, if I survived this race that is. That was before the winds calmed and the sun reflected onto the tongue-like drifts that turned the tundra into a land sculpted by snow. That was before I ran into the barren ground caribou returning north to their calving grounds, their joints clicking like music when they ran. That was before I was invited to people’s homes, sitting together on the living room floor, sharing maktaaq and other delicacies. It wasn’t long after the race and the frostbite on my cheeks had healed that I began to dream about returning to the 22

Arctic. In the years between 2007 and 2010 my husband and I took turns competing in the race. Each year, we travelled along side teams from Arviat and Kangiqtiniq (Rankin Inlet), learning about landmarks, about weather, and about life at a time when travelling by dog team wasn’t just an annual racing event. During the race, the Inuit mushers looked out for the qallunaaq who knew so little, sharing food with me, gifting me clothing and a special dog by the name of Qaqavii. Little did I know that one day he would inspire me to write a novel. When there was time to share stories, the mushers’ deep love and respect for the land came through in every story. Slowly my own relationship to the land began to change. The unforgiving coast of Hudson Bay appeared just a little less unforgiving. Late Jimmy Muckpah told me about the first time he’d made the trip from Arviat to Churchill by dog team to visit his wife in the hospital. Andy Kowtak talked about hunting polar bears with his dogs. Late Phillip Kigusiutnak spoke about Nunalla, the place where he was born with longing in his voice for days gone by. Late James Tagalik taught me about our relationship to the land. He shared a glimpse of a knowledge with me that was passed on from generation to generation and I started to wonder what if, when the Europeans came here, they had learned and listened and understood? What would Canada look like today? And so, I embarked on a different kind of journey. I wrote a novel for young adults and adults. Qaqavii (Red Deer Press, 2019) is about 15-year-old Emmylou, who moves to Churchill, Manitoba, with her single mother. It’s the last place on earth she wants to be, until she meets Barnabas, a young Inuk, who is training sled dogs for the Arctic Quest. In many ways Emmylou’s journey parallels my own journey from a teenager that feels she doesn’t fit in to finding a place of belonging. Although Emmylou learns a bit faster than me, she also has inherited my way to ask questions, questions I’ll be seeking answers to as long as I live.

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Rankin Inlet musher David Oolooyuk (right) and Arviat musher Darryl Baker (left) en route to Churchill.

Last training run before the race — the author’s team on slick ice on the Churchill River in 2010.

While writing the novel I re-read old journal entries, looked at my photographs, talked with friends who did Inuktitut translations for me and helped me understand life before and after European contact. Many of my experiences became part of Emmylou’s story — just like many of the stories I was told became part of Barnabas’ grandparent’s memories. I hope readers will be able to embark on a journey of their own from the comfort of their armchairs when they read Qaqavii. But what I hope the most, is that they will begin to ask their own questions and seek answers out on the land or among the people who know it so well. Putting myself back to the start line of my first Hudson Bay Quest, I might have a different answer now about what compelled me to enter this race. I think there has always been a longing; a longing to be on land unchanged by industrial development, a longing to be amongst people who can help me regain my connection to the land, and a longing for a world where we haven’t forgotten how to take care of the land we all come from.

Miriam Körner is an award-winning writer and children’s book illustrator. She lives with her husband and their nine sled dogs in a small cabin tucked away in the bush in Northern Saskatchewan. Qaqavii is her second novel. The Hudson Bay Quest Sled Dog Race now runs between Gillam and Churchill, Manitoba, along the Hudson Bay rail line and Wapusk National Park. Editor’s Note: The 2021 Hudson Bay Quest has been cancelled due to the pandemic. A qualifier race for local mushers has been tentatively set for March 20, 2021. Watch the Hudson Bay Quest website and Facebook for more information.

Donald Baker with his brother Darryl Baker’s team. Tidal overflow stranded the Nunavut teams after the 2010 race in Churchill.

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A Nunavik Inuit caribou protection plan Sustaining caribou harvesting with Elder knowledge By Kaitlin Breton‐Honeyman, Agata Durkalec, Mark O’Connor, and James May. While there is caribou, while we have some Elders, it’s like emergency now to pass on the knowledge to the younger generation. There are also methods of sharing, which needs to be properly learned by the younger generation, and it’s true that this work is needed. While there is caribou, that we have a chance to pass knowledge, the proper knowledge of harvesting and taking care of caribou, to the younger generation. It’s like an emergency now.” – Jobie Ohaituk, Inukjuak

Caribou near Inukjuak during fall migration. © Jordyn Stafford

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n January 2019, expert hunters and Elders from Nunavik gathered to discuss the status of migratory caribou in the region. Fluctuations in wildlife population levels are well known to Inuit. Nonetheless, hunters expressed concern about the status of the George and Leaf River herds. Hunters agreed that the George River herd is at a critical low and needs to be allowed to recover. Hunters were also concerned about the ongoing decline of the Leaf River Herd and agreed that Nunavik Inuit must lead efforts to address it. Management plans created outside of Nunavik have been the source of tension and conflict. Hunters, together with their local and regional associations, Local Nunavimmi Umajulirijiit Katujjiqatigiinningit (LNUK), Regional Nunavimmi Umajulirijiit Katujjiqatigiinninga (RNUK), and Makivik wanted to see things done differently for caribou.

We used to hear from Elders that the numbers of animals always fluctuate. Some years there are more, some years are less, and some of the years you don't see any at all. It's just the way it is, it's just the way the numbers are of all species. – Jobie Kutchaka, Inukjuak During the meeting there was a commitment to develop an Inuit-led management plan for caribou — one which would be grounded in Nunavik Inuit knowledge of caribou and the stewardship practices that have sustained caribou and Inuit since time immemorial. In developing such a plan, those gathered at that meeting recognized the importance of gathering Inuit knowledge into a report that could then serve as the basis for the eventual Nunavik Inuit Caribou Protection Plan. This article is based on the results of a Nunavik Inuit Knowledge of Caribou project in which 54 Elders and hunters, selected by their respective communities of Umiujaq, Inukjuak, Salluit, Tasiujaq and Kangiqsualujjuaq, shared their knowledge and experiences of caribou and important stewardship practices. All across Nunavik, the land holds the history of the relationship between Nunavik Inuit and caribou. Everywhere you go in Nunavik you see tracks and work that’s been done by Inuit. It’s everywhere…Like, we would see, way inland where a person harvests the caribou. They would erect one inuksuk where they had one, and if they had happened to catch three they put up three small inuksuit so you could see, way inland, where they had harvested them. They indicated where they were… Tell people, that will come after, I was here. – Simeonie Ohaituk, Inukjuak

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Caribou have been and continue to be an essential part of food security in the region and many Elders explained how completely the whole caribou is used. [We] use it for everything, make clothing out of the hide, cook it, dried, raw. For everything it’s being used. All the meat is edible, except the genital parts…All bones, feet, hoofs are edible, even the stomach. – Moses Munick, Tasiujaq As far back as people can remember, caribou population have fluctuated. Elders spoke of a time before living memory, in the late 1800s to the early 1900s, when caribou were so abundant that you could feel the ground shaking as they came and the entire mountain would move with their arrival. My father used to tell the story to us that in my grandfather’s time there used to be plenty of caribou and there were so many in the hill. And when they start walking it looks as if the mountain, the whole mountain starts moving. That’s how plentiful they were. I assume that must have happened in 1800s that they were plenty. – Shaomik Inukpuk, Inukjuak

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I remember my mother talking about her father’s time, my grandfather, their generation… they used to hear caribou walking from a great distance because they were, like shaking the land. Many days — or two days. I think it used to be two days before they arrive, they started hearing caribou walking on the land. – Inukjuak participant Elders also remember an earlier population low in the 1940s to 1960s when numbers were so low that Inuit had to travel far inland to find caribou but the Elders knew they would return one day. And caribou did return in great numbers. Between the 1980s until about 2000 caribou were abundant across Nunavik with survey estimates of 820,000 for the George River caribou and 680,000 for the Leaf River herd. However, the numbers have since plummeted making it even more critical that best practices around caribou harvesting are shared and maintained. Elders and experienced hunters from all five communities shared caribou harvesting skills and values that have been important in sustaining caribou in the past. These values and practices should guide harvesters going forward to ensure the recovery of migratory caribou herds: Respect the life of the animal That’s what the old people taught us. They said “When you hunt for fun, hunt for sport, the animal will leave you and it’s going to take a long time for it to come back to you. But when you treat it with respect it will always be there.” – Charlie Ikey, Salluit Caribou meat being prepared in Inukjuak. © Kaitlin Breton-Honeyman Jobie Ohaituk discusses his knowledge of caribou with other Elders and hunters. L to R: Johnny Naktialuk (interpreter), Simeonie Ohaituk, Caroline Naluktuk, Shaomik Inukpuk, Jobie Kutchaka, Jobie Ohaituk and Kaitlin Breton-Honeyman (workshop facilitator). © Laurie Beaupré

Take only what you need Even as kids, even when we were killing birds, our parents would tell us don't kill what you won't eat. Even with birds. So, they have to be told. Basically, if we see them doing this, somebody has to tell them, like I do if I ever find anybody who is killing without a need. – Simeonie Ohaituk, Inukjuak

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Take care of the herd We were taught not to harvest animals who look like leaders, you know. And today they harvest animals they see, without watching to see if they could be leaders or pregnant or anything – Jobie Kutchaka, Inukjuak

Willie Angnatuk, Willie Cain Jr. and Billy Dan May examine diseased caribou meat during a focus group in Tasiujaq. © Agata Durkalec

Be observant and thoughtful while harvesting In the old days we had to be very, very careful because we had to go near the caribou. We even used to have special kind of feet bottoms when they walk to make less noise to go near them and to crouch down and not to be visible. But today they go chasing them whenever they see them. – Willie Kumarluk, Umiujaq Do not waste [I was taught] to always ensure I take the whole kill home so that there's no wastage of any part of the caribou that's going to be used. – Epervik Parr, Salluit Make good use of and appreciate the animal I am also hoping that younger people can learn that the goodness of it, the value of the food. How to prepare it the right way, how to catch them, how to butcher them, make a good use of it. Because they seem to be like in a rush. – Jeremiah Kumarluk, Umiujaq Share the catch There is a lot of sharing. Whenever somebody goes harvesting and they have some at home, they call around to have people come and get what they need…Even young people bring food to houses. Even my nephew just yesterday he said that all his catch is shared. – Jobie Kutchaka, Inukjuak JANUARYFEBRUARY 2021 | 01

In closing, we wish to thank and acknowledge all hunters and Elders who participated in this project as well as the other team members and skilled interpreters. Funding for this was made possible through Makivik Corporation, the Société du Plan Nord and the World Wildlife Fund Canada.

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Expedition to Community Initiative supports youth-led community service projects “The main values of the Expedition to Community (E2C) program are: to be local, and for youth, by youth.” The Expedition to Community (E2C) initiative is a youth‐led service program that is grounded in, and supported by, community. The focus is on engaging youth aged 15 through 30 as leaders who co‐create unique activities that address the issues, opportunities, and needs of northern communities along with a local community coordinator. Based in commu‐ nities across Inuit Nunangat, the focus on youth‐led community service projects is the guiding factor, yet the ways that each community approach the support and empowerment of youth look and feel diﬀerent. “Meeting youth where they are at” is a best practice that has allowed the E2C program to be nimble and approach each situation with the lens of what is best for that community at that time.

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Inuvik, NWT Inaugural climate conference If you travel to Inuvik in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region, Tony Devlin has a long-standing experience with empowering youth. He holds a dual role as the Executive Director of the Youth Centre, and that of the Inuvik E2C Coordinator. A father himself, he is no stranger to empowering youth. During his 2019 Students on Ice Expedition, when asked about the impact that these programs are making, Tony shared that “this will turn into a lifelong experience”. Tony’s empowerment of the youth in Inuvik led to an inaugural climate conference that held true to the two main values of the E2C program: it was local, and it was for youth, by youth. Youth from the nearby community of Tuktoyaktuk also participated and shared their experience of being a youth in the ever-changing climate of the Arctic. Over the three days of the conference youth were able to share, gain perspective, and come together to talk about their views on how climate change is affecting them. With the culmination of the conference drawing near, the youth created the Declaration of the Beaufort Delta Youth called Our Climate. Our Arctic. The youth focused on what they feel others should know about the rate of climate change in the Canadian Arctic and on how they will commit to the process of working towards their goals. Although they recognized that some of the battles to be fought will still be there for future generations, these youth were undeterred by the challenge. As a terrific celebration for the movement, the Declaration of the Beaufort Delta Youth was read by MLA Lesa Semmler at the Northwest Territories Legislative Assembly gathering on March 12, 2020. This would also end up being the final meeting of the Legislature for a period of months as a result of the increasing presence of the Covid-19 virus in Canada. With the ever-changing needs of communities, there is still relevance in bringing people together around youth empowerment and climate change. As such, the 2nd edition of the Climate Conference is being planned for March 2021. The ability to adapt programming to a socially distanced gathering is not going to affect the fact that youth voices on climate change need to be heard, now more than ever. Stay tuned for climate conference news coming out of Inuvik in the early spring!

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Kugluktuk, Nunavut Shoreline wellness day Miranda Atatahak based out of Kugluktuk, Nunavut, brings a sense of community to her projects by focusing on ways that her community can come together to support and encourage one another. As the Career Development Officer with the Government of Nunavut. connecting the people of her community and nearby communities with one another is an area where she has a great deal of experience and passion. For the E2C program launch in Kugluktuk, Miranda organized a community Shoreline Clean up day. Miranda said, “the shoreline needs a wellness day,” and the community responded. With her intergenerational shoreline task force of children, youth, and adults the goal of reviving the shoreline along the western side of the community of Kugluktuk, all the way to the start of 4 Mile Bay was under way on August 12, 2020. While no small task, Miranda was equipped with the support of the Hamlet of Kugluktuk, and primed with a picnic for the participants to use as a celebration at the end of the day. In a moment of fun, showing that even the most mundane seeming tasks can be enjoyable, Miranda shared fun questions and comments about some of the interesting and odd items that were found along the clean up. A Spongebob sock gained press as the winner for the funniest item category, with the runner up for this category being a single shoe. Throughout the afternoon event, Miranda continued to motivate volunteers while documenting the amount of garbage collected. In all, the categories of items grew throughout the day with some of the oddest items racking up in number. The team located and successfully disposed of two large boats, four fire extinguishers, and a lot of Styrofoam. The Styrofoam was the daily winner in terms of items that the team removed the most from the shoreline. 30

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Team members (in the distance) work towards Four Mile Bay (west of the hamlet of Kugluktuk). The teams worked along a large section of the shoreline as there were several hundred yards of area combed to ensure it would be clean for the future. *This was taken towards the end of the day so much of the debris had been removed. © Lena Davies

By providing an avenue to remove hazards and revitalize the shore, the wellness day was not only a success for the community of Kugluktuk, but Miranda put her pen to action, and documented the steps needed for other communities to undertake just such a project for themselves. Her 7 Easy Steps to Organizing Your Own Shoreline Clean up poster was a hit during the October E2C social media campaign. If you are passing through Kugluktuk, keep an eye out for Miranda, as she empowers the youth of her community to consider how they can make a difference, even a small one, in the lives of everyone around them.

Makkovik, Nunatsiavut — Youth paint project

Travelling to our eastern most E2C location, is April Rideout in Makkovik, Nunatsiavut. April spends her daytime hours inspiring children at the J.C. Erhardt Memorial School and her after school and weekend hours on creative and inspiring projects that will motivate and guide the youth of her community to be engaged leaders and future thinkers. April’s focus is on encouraging participants to reach their highest potential, no doubt something that she employs daily in her role at school. After listening to the ideas and goals of youth, April launched Makkovik’s inaugural E2C program in the fall of 2019 – a communal youth paint project that encouraged the youth to reflect on what they like about themselves and their surroundings. Since then, April has taken strides to maintain the true sense of what the term “community” means to the youth of Makkovik. She is constantly striving to break down barriers to participation, and is currently working on a pandemic response project that will enable a sustainable community based mask initiative to help increase engagement among youth.

April is also currently designing a Community Inspiration Basket Project for the youth of Makkovik to think of what they would like for the “Makkovik of tomorrow”. Her insights and activities will allow youth to look at where they are now, what things motivate them about their community, and how they can make an impact (large or small) on those around them. From fun activities to do as a family both in and outdoors, to reflective art projects, April is setting her sights on the future in big ways and inspiring others to do the same. While the activities are fun, they also support youth in gaining project development skills, and will guide the important lens of developing local initiatives that are not only meaningful, but also sustainable within their community. Be sure to check out the Community Inspiration basket project that is set to launch early in 2021 in Makkovik.

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Ilitaqsiniq Nunavut Literacy Council — helps build essential skills By Jesse Mike Ilitaqsiniq is not your typical literacy organization. Ilitaqsiniq recognizes literacy as a part of everything, but, most importantly, as a vital element in Inuit and Nunavut essential skill building. What are Inuit and Nunavut essential skills? They are teaching and learning programs that are rooted in skills based on Inuit culture with techniques that fuse traditional and contemporary styles. River McCluskey (left) and Kanik Allerton from Iqaluit with their first geese during the hunting program in 2020. © Jamie Griffiths, Chickweed Arts

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E D U C AT I O N

Ilitaqsiniq develops and delivers programs that support opportunities for Inuit and Nunavut essential skill‐building. Examples of Inuit and Nunavut essential skills include sewing, small engine repair, and tool making. Sewing programs include creating clothing that keeps everyone warm and dry, using modern materials with traditionally inspired patterns and approaches to clothing making. Small engine repair programs are essential to our communities as we rely on machines to travel and hunt for food. Programs that teach tool making are essential for hunting and working on animal skins. Every day within all our projects we work towards enhancing our programs and finding innovative ways to embed literacy learning into the programs to fit the needs of the communities. Ilitaqsiniq has been most known for the Miqqut Project. It is a four‐month program geared towards learning sewing skills from local seamstresses. The start of each day consists of engaging with literacy activities that support self‐awareness, confidence building, healing and a deeper understanding of content‐specific skills taught within the program. Participants then work on their individual projects with the guidance of their assigned Elder seamstress. We have witnessed the success of the Miqqut Project throughout the years with former participants creating the best clothes suited to the Northern climate for their families and themselves. Some participants have gone on to begin selling their creations as an additional source of income and some have devoted their careers to making clothing that combines fashion with warmth. When Ilitaqsiniq delivers programs, we work with experts in the communities. Experts include: Elders, seamstresses for sewing programs and pattern development, hunters for land‐based hunting/harvesting programs for adults and youth, food specialists for learning how to cook, process and preserve local foods, language teachers for Inuktut revitalization and enhancement, mechanics for our small engine repair programs, carpenters for cabin building, tool making and qamutiq building, and local educators to teach a variety

Oliver Angoo cleans the skin of his first seal in the sea ice in the Iqaluit hunting program.

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E D U C AT I O N Young men from the Iqaluit small engine repair program.

of literacy and early learning programs. These people are essential to the success of Ilitaqsiniq programs. With their skills, participants com‐ plete our programs with new and enhanced skills, and a sense of pride and confidence, which encourages them to seek additional opportunities either in employment or further‐ ing learning and training. As a non‐profit organization, Ilitaqsiniq has recently experienced huge growth and a fundamental shift. Ilitaqsiniq employs a predominantly young, vibrant Inuit team, and has expanded its operational bases into three communities: Rankin Inlet, Iqaluit and Cambridge Bay. This year, the organization’s programs will reach five Nunavut communities, despite the global pandemic. None of this would be possible without external funding which keeps the organization open. With the support of our funders and partners, we hope to continue to expand our programming into more Nunavut communities, having a broader impact on people in a positive way and supporting community leaders in their eﬀorts to share their skills to build a strong foundation for all Nunavummiut. Jesse Mike is the Projects Director for Ilitaqsiniq.

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Debbie Shaimaiyuk from the Iqaluit Miqqut program.

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Learning traditional knowledge and skills On the annual spring snowmobile patrol By Parks Canada Qausuittuq (Qow-soo-ee-tooq) National Park is Nunavut’s newest national park and protects over 11,000 square-kilometres of Arctic tundra and marine ecosystems in one of the coldest and driest climates in the world. A polar desert, the park includes habitat vital to the survival of important species like the Peary caribou. As an important path to protection of these ecosystems, facilitating knowledge transfer between elders and youth is critical, and widely recognized as part of Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit (IQ) or Inuit knowledge. In the spirit of IQ, local youth from Resolute Bay travelled to Qausuittuq National Park in Spring 2019 to learn traditional knowledge and skills from local Inuit Elders. Parks Canada staﬀ, members of the park’s Inuit Knowledge Working Group, and the Qausuittuq Park Management Committee departed with seven local youth for three days of travel through the park by Landscape features in Qausuittuq National Park range from wetlands and lowlands to plateaux, hills and uplands with elevations up to 411 metres. Bathurst Island, where the park is located, is one of the coldest and driest regions in the world, with temperatures averaging minus 32˚C in January and 5˚C in July. © Parks Canada – Josh Erikson

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Qausuittuq National Park has many interesting land features, including these rock formations visited by the Parks Canada team. © Parks Canada – Josh Erikson

snowmobile. Along with experiencing the trip to Bathurst Island over frozen seas, the youth practiced survival skills and heard stories from Elders about historical Inuit use within the park and the surrounding areas. Bathurst Island plays an essential role for Resolute Bay through hunting and seasonal use. Initiatives promoting Inuit culture, conser‐ vation, the restoration of Canada’s natural and cultural heritage, and engaging with youth are all important for Parks Canada. Among these, promoting Inuit culture and youth en‐

gagement were identified by the Qausuittuq National Park Inuit Knowledge Working Group and Qausuittuq Park Management Committee as a priority to foster the transfer of Indigenous knowledge. “Resolute Bay youth are the future of Qausuittuq National Park. It’s great to see them excited about the time they’ve spent in the park,” says Qausuittuq National Park Manager Angela Piercey. “Inuit Knowledge plays a very important role in the management of Qausuittuq National

Park and being able to transfer some of that knowledge to younger generations through programs like this is an invaluable experience to build from.” Everyone on the trip worked as a team and contributed to camp life – from tent setup, cooking, and cleaning. The youth learned a lot about winter camping, staying warm, and travelling on the land in general. Youth were also curious and asked a lot of questions to Parks Canada staﬀ and Elder committee members on the trip.

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“The real value in knowledge transfer is in doing things together, like troubleshooting pro‐ blems you encounter out on the land,” says Piercey. “During this trip, there was a lot of learning by doing.” Qausuittuq, which means “place where the sun doesn’t rise” in Inuktut, was established in 2015. Part of the spring patrol was to bring additional assets, like a mobile shelter, to a camp site where seasonal operations are currently based. Acting on the advice of park management, it is expected that future programming and visitor experiences in the park will be expanded over time – including additional programming for local youth that will foster Inuit leadership and knowledge of the park within Resolute Bay for future generations. Some of this future programming may include workshops on qamutiq (sled) building, sewing mitts and parkas, knowledge workshops of animal and plants, igloo building and other survival skills, such as safe ice travel. Youth workshops will continue to be facilitated by knowledge holders from the community with support from Parks Canada. “Some of Qausuittuq’s most valuable assets are the future generations of Inuit in Resolute Bay who will continue to steward its lands, either through employment with Parks Canada directly or traditional use,” says Piercey. “The best is yet to come.”

Qausuittuq Inuit Knowledge Working Group member Tagga Manik (left) and Qausuittuq Park Management Committee member Nathanial Kalluk (right) accompany youth from Resolute Bay on a trip into Qausuittuq National Park in Spring 2019. © Parks Canada – Josh Erikson

Knowing how to build an igloo is a critical survival skill in the Arctic. Here, former Qausuittuq Park Manager Jovan Simic and Inuit Knowledge Working Group member Tagga Manik demonstrate to local youth from Resolute Bay how to construct an igloo on the land. © Parks Canada – Josh Erikson

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SPORTS

Kugaaruk female hockey team members take to the ice for the first time in over 15 years after receiving 25 sets of new gear from Project North. © Coach Emma Connell

Giving youth across the Arctic the love for hockey

roject North has been bringing hockey equipment to the North for over 12 years. And in 2020, Covid‐19 didn’t stop Project North and partners Scotiabank Hockey Club and Canadian North Airlines from giving 25 sets of new hockey equipment each to three communities in Canada’s Arctic: Kugaaruk and Qikiqtarjuaq in Nunavut and Inuvik in the Northwest Territories. Jeremy Rupke, Scotiabank Hockey Teammate, hopes the equipment helps more kids experience the game they love and inspires the next generation of players in Inuvik, Kugaaruk and Qikiqtarjuaq. President of Project North Michelle Valberg shared just before Christmas that it was Joy to the North’s first virtual give. Special thanks to all partners and teammates, including Lanny McDonald, Natalie Spooner, Phil Pritchard and Coach Jeremy for being part of Joy to the North. Check out the video recap from the communities: https://www.youtube.com/watch?fbclid=IwAR2jLiPSDD0_32DZ1c9VioB2RwGpHdMTd2mQ1FooNlZ3LDDc1aKI5m0pI8&v =YYUTZwkB99U&feature=youtu.be Here, photos of some recipients of the hockey equipment in Kugaaruk and Inuvik. Qikiqtarjuaq will distribute their new hockey equipment once they have opened the community ice rink. 40

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Kugaaruk hockey players sport new hockey gear. L to R: Martha Inuksaq, Charlene Niptayuk, Jenna Nartok, and Lucylynn Nalungiaq. © Coach Emma Connell

Bottom: Alianna Gruben, Gordon Hoover-Bernhardt, Nicholas Kuptana and dad, Kyle Kuptana with William Inglangasuk in the stands in Inuvik suit up with their new gear. © David Stewart

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RECIPE

Bannock Apple Pie By Alcide Punko, Fort McMurray, AB Preheat oven to 375 degrees. Ingredients:

APPLE PIE FILLING 10 apples peeled and sliced 1 cup brown sugar 2 tsp cinnamon Cook in a pot over medium heat until apples are soft. Add 1 tsp of flour to thicken. Remove from stove. Set aside. Any canned pie filling will work great as well. If you don’t want to make the apple filling!

BANNOCK 4 cups ﬂour 1/2 cup white sugar 2 tsp baking powder 1/2 tsp salt Mix together. Add: 1/3 cup of lard Mix lard into dry ingredients. Mix together with hands.

Add: Approximately 2 cups of water, one cup at a time, to form dough. Generously powder table with ﬂour to roll dough. Roll thin. Add extra ﬂour to the dough if sticky. Place in a pie plate.

Add apple mixture and top with dough. Cook 25-30 minutes or until golden brown. Drizzle cream cheese icing over pie. (I put the cream cheese icing in a small Ziploc bag. Cut the corner oﬀ and squeeze to drizzle icing.)

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BOOKSHELF

Qaqavii: A Novel Miriam Körner Red Deer Press Inc, March 2019 Inspired by author Miriam Körner’s experience of four years racing sled dogs with some of the finest Inuit mushers, young adult adventure, Qaqavii, is set in Arviat, Nunavut, and Churchill, Manitoba. When 15‐year‐old Emmylou arrives in Churchill, Manitoba, all she can think about is getting out of town before she ends up on the wrong end of a polar bear dinner. But things are rarely what they seem in the North and Emmylou’s outlook begins to change when she meets Barnabas, a young Inuk who is training sled dogs for the gruelling Arctic Quest. She soon falls for a spirited yet unruly puppy by the name of Qaqavii who turns her entire world upside down and her real Northern adventure begins. Suitable for readers fluent in Inuktitut and English, as one of the characters only speaks Inuktitut. Also, check out the Feature in this issue of above&beyond Magazine for Miriam’s Sled Dog Racing story.

Words of the Inuit: A Semantic Stroll through a Northern Culture

Umingmak: Stuart Hodgson and the Birth of the Modern Arctic Jake Ootes Tidewater Press, May 2020 In 1967, Stuart Hodgson was the newly‐ appointed Commissioner of the Northwest Territories, responsible for establishing a fledgling government in the frontier capital of Yellowknife. Written by his former aide and confidante, Umingmak is a first‐hand account of Hodgson’s often controversial eﬀorts to introduce self‐government and improve the lives of Northerners. Hodgson’s initiatives ranged from helping Inuit citizens choose surnames to replace government‐issued ID numbers; the creation of the interpreter corps that started the careers of Piita Irniq, John Amagoalik and many others; founding the Arctic Winter Games; organizing three Royal visits; and many more. Determined to empower Arctic communi‐ ties, Hodgson balanced Dene, Inuit and Métis aspirations with those of non‐ Indigenous residents, business interests and the shifting priorities of the federal government. His actions fundamentally shaped both the Northwest Territories and Nunavut and continue to reverberate throughout the Arctic.

JANUARYFEBRUARY 2021 | 01

Louis‐Jacques Dorais University of Manitoba Press September 2020 Part of the University of Manitoba Press series, Contemporary Stud‐ ies on the North, Words of the Inuit is an important resource of Inuit culture. Author Louis‐Jacques Dorais focuses on 1,400 Inuktitut words in this book based on more than five decades of his experience and engagement with Inuit and Inuktitut to delve into word meanings and, as a result, the larger Inuit world view. Topics include the environment and the land, animals and subsistence activities, humans and spirits, family, kinship, naming and the human body. The University of Manitoba Press oﬀers above&beyond Magazine readers a 30 per cent discount on the book if ordered through their site at: https://uofmpress.ca/books/detail/wordsoftheinuit. Use code: DORAIS30.

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TRIVIA

Arctic Trivia Quiz

TEXT AND PHOTOS BY ALAN G. LUKE

Aboriginal Canadians such as the Inuit, survive on a vast array of resources including assorted seafoods and land mammals. Quiz yourself on their culinary creations, preferences, and dietary benefits. 5. Ringed seal is an abundant sea mammal (and popular food source for polar bears as well as a staple for the Inuit community. What is the Inuit name given to this mammal? a) kuspuk b) netsik c) mukluk d) nunchuk 6. Arctic berries are an important source of antioxidants, vitamins, and essential fatty acids. Which one is NOT an edible Arctic berry? a) Bilberry b) Cloudberry c) Lingonberry d) Rowanberry e) Boysenberry f) Elderberry

9. a) b) c)

(L) Pan‐fried Arctic Char and (R) Raw and Smoked Salmon.

1. Walrus (Aiviq) totem represents calmness and love. The carcass (100 grams = 282 calories) contains some protein and is fibre‐free and salt‐free. Which vitamin does it NOT contain? a) Vitamin A b) Vitamin B‐1 c) Vitamin B‐2 d) Vitamin C 2. What land fowl is popular in Inuit cuisine especially during the winter months? a) Quail b) Ptarmigan c) Arctic Tern d) Snow Goose 3. What type of Native American food is bannock? a) seafood b) fowl c) bread d) venison 4. Providing the third largest berry harvest in the Arctic regions; what is the name of this hardy, circumpolar fruit? a) Crowberry b) Cranberry c) Hawthorn d) Halleberry

Wild Berries with insets (L) Bannock and (R) Seal meat.

7. What is the moniker the Inuit give to their traditional cuisine? a) Nature Food b) Country Food c) Source Food d) Non‐Fast Food

d) e) A. B. C. D. E.

Match the food source to its Inuit name: berries mixed with fat frozen raw fish traditional soup created from land and sea mammals ringed seal whale skin blubber Maktaaq Netsik Suaasat Nutaqaq Akutaq

10.What vitamin is obtained by the raw or frozen consumption of food sources such as caribou liver, seal brain, and kelp? a) Vitamin A b) Vitamin B c) Vitamin C d) Vitamin D

8. Generally, Arctic hare meat is too lean for the regular Inuit diet. What is their estimated percentage of calories derived from animal fat? a) 10 per cent b) 25 per cent c) 50 per cent d) 75 per cent (L) Caribou roast and Caribou stew. (R) Musk Ox meatballs and Musk Ox steak.

ANSWERS: 1. d) Vitamin C 2. b) Ptarmigan 3. c) bread 4. a) Crowberry (aka Curlewberry) 5. b) netsik

6. e) Boysenberry 7. b) Country Food 8. c) 50 per cent 9. a) E b) D c) C d) B {aka Nattiq} e) A {aka Muktuk} 10.c) Vitamin C

Muktuk ‐ whale blubber with appetizers inset.

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INUIT FORUM

2021 brings a COVID-19 vaccine and renewed hope In 2021, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami celebrates its 50th Anniversary. It is an important milestone in Inuit self‐determination, but it will be observed in a very unexpected way during this global pandemic. Although we cannot yet mark this achievement in person, we can continue to find strength in the unity that has sustained us during challenges throughout our history. I am optimistic about what 2021 will bring for us. Among other things, the new year brings hope in the form of a COVID‐19 vaccine that is now being administered in our communities. Vaccine development has been an incredible feat of cooperation and collaboration — globally informed and evidence‐based in its production and procurement, and Inuit‐specific in its delivery strategy. We didn’t have vaccines 100 years ago during the time of the pandemic known as the Spanish Flu. That virus took a great magnitude of lives, decimating Inuit communities in Nunatsiavut, where entire families were lost within weeks. Just think what a vaccine would have meant to those families. Yet in 2021, we are being called on to do something that for some is still very diﬃcult. We must trust in a system that was built of colonization and that has let us down so many times throughout our history. There are many aspects of our health that are within our control. The decision to receive the COVID‐19 vaccine, and protect others while protecting ourselves, is something that is within our power. Our forebears fought so that we could be part of the decisions that aﬀect our lives. During the current pandemic, our organizations have advocated for priority access to COVID‐19 vaccines for Inuit and have directly contributed to the COVID‐19 response planning that has brought us to this point. While the pandemic

has been unprecedented, so has the response. COVID‐19 vaccination is the most complex public health initiative ever undertaken in Canada. Inuit regions have already taken so many diﬃcult steps to protect our people throughout this pandemic. We have closed our borders, we have experienced trying quarantine regimes, we have lost jobs, and, tragically, we have lost members of our communities. We have also supported one another — by sewing masks, providing food for Elders and children, spend‐ ing more time at our traditional areas outside of communities, as well as by hosting socially distanced outdoor events. Our organizations at all levels have also met the challenges of the past year, by developing innovative programming to support our people, making people‐first decisions, and working closely with governments to ensure the best possible outcomes for Inuit. We have learned from past pandemics, including the Spanish Flu and H1N1, and those lessons have informed how we work together today. On a personal note, I am ready to roll up my sleeve to receive my vaccination when it is my turn. My health and the health of my family is important to me. I have followed public health advice and have taken these precautions

seriously — I wear a mask, I have not travelled since the beginning of the pandemic, and as someone with many years of work in the area of health policy, I have always been very diligent about washing my hands. Like you, I miss my social interaction with friends and family. I miss my boys in Iqaluit. But I know that we will be united again when it is safe to do so, in the near future. I also miss playing hockey, and so many social activities that give me happiness. I understand that the eﬀects of COVID‐19 can be severe. The symptoms can persist for months, causing long‐term damage to the lungs, heart, and brain. To me, the risks of the virus greatly outweigh any reported risks of the vaccine. Furthermore, I trust vaccine science. The COVID‐19 vaccine is targeted to teach the body to protect us from this virus. To Inuit across Canada, I wish you a year filled with renewed hope for strong communities, faith in the work we are undertaking together to achieve prosperity, comfort in the unity of our people across our homeland and through‐ out history, and strength to overcome the challenges that lie ahead.

Natan Obed President, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami

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