India digest (festival of india) idoctober 2017 by Ardhas Support

CONTENT

October 2017

Extula 2017

04 From the desk of Charge d'Affaires cMNab;GarmμN_BI Par³FavI\NÐa 06 70 years of India’s Independence xYb70qñaMénÉkraCü\NÐa 09 3rd International Day of Yoga

TivaeyahÁaGnþrCatielIkTI3 14 Responding first as Leading Power kareqøIytbmuneKkñúgnamCaRbeTsmhaGMNacQanmux 23 Reaching For The Stars eq<aHeTAdl;zantara 31 Capacity Building in Cambodia... karksagsmtßPaBkñúgRbeTskm<úCa ... 35 News in pictures B½t’manCarUbPaB 36 Mahabharata erOgmhaPart³

Embassy of India

Address: No.52, Street 214, Samdech Pan Ave, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Editor : Mr. Rqjiv Kumar, Charge d'Affaires Editorial assistance in Khmer: Ms. Kunthea YAN Editorial assistance in Khmer: Magic 360 Degrees

Tel: (+855-23) 210912 / 210913 Fax: (+855-23) 213640 / 210914 Email: cons.phnompenh@mea.gov.in Website: www.indembassyphnompenh.org

Page 2 picture - An Indian child runs proudly with his country’s flag. 3

From the desk of Charge d'Affaires Dear Friends, It gives me immense pleasure to present this edition of India Digest to you.

Rajiv Kumar

Charge d'Affaires a.i. Embassy of India Phnom Penh

India, the largest democracy and one of the fastest growing economies, has completed 70 years of its independence this year. In its 70-year long journey, India has several achievements to its credit. The modern Indian economy has lifted millions out of poverty. Various flagship initiatives of the current government such as Make in India, Start-up India, Digital India and Skill India have given boost to growth and employment. A New India is being created and developed into a knowledge-based, skill-oriented and technology-driven society. This year the silver jubilee of India-ASEAN relations is also being celebrated through a wide-ranging governmental, business, cultural and civil society interactions. India-ASEAN Youth Summit brought young leaders from 11 countries together in Bhopal in August 2017. Subsequently, the first ever India-ASEAN Music Festival and India-ASEAN Artists Camp also strengthened cultural connections among the younger generation. The ongoing celebration would culminate in a special ASEAN India Commemorative Summit in January 2018. ASEAN is placed at the centre of our ‘Act East Policy’ and Cambodia has always remained an important partner. Historical and cultural linkages are the significant aspects of India-Cambodia bilateral ties. The 3rd International Day of Yoga events in three cities of Cambodia in June 2017 attracted a large number of enthusiast Cambodian participants. India@70 was also a great cultural event organised in August 2017 in Phnom Penh. We have compiled these events for you. You will also find few interesting articles and a short story from great Indian epic Mahabharata. Hope you will like this edition. We welcome your feedback/comments at info.indembassy@gmail.com or through Facebook (India in Cambodia). Wishing you all a very happy and successful New Year 2018!!

( Rajiv Kumar ) Charge d'Affaires a.i.

cMNab;GarmμN_rbs;Par³FavIénsßanTUt\NÐa sYsþI®biymitþCaTIrab;Gan ´BitCamanesckþIrIkrayCaé®kElgEdlGacbgðajCUnnUv TsSnavdþI\NÐav:ulfµImYyenH. RbeTs\NÐaEdlCaRbeTsRbCaFibetyüFMbMput nigCaRbeTsEdlmanesdækic©lUtlas;elÓnCageK TTYlÉkraCü)an 70qñaMRtwm. kñúgdMeNIrry³eBl70qñaMrbs;xøÜn \NÐamansmiT§plCaeRcInkñugkar sßabnaRbeTsCaTIemaTnPaB. esdækic©\NÐasm½yTMenIbCYy»üRbCaCnrab;lannak;cakecjBIPaB RkIRk. KMeragpþÜcepþImnanarbs;rdæaPi)albc©úb,nñdUcCaplitPaBenA\NÐa karcab;epþImCMnYj\NÐa Epñk DICIfl EpñkCMnaj\NÐa)anCMrujkarlUtlas; nigtRmUvkarkargar. \NÐafµIkMBugRtUv)anbegáIt nig GPivDÆeTACasgÁmEp¥kelI cMeNHdwg CMnaj nigtRmg;TisedAeTArkbec©kviTüa. Rajiv Kumar

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( Rajiv Kumar )

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70 years of India’s Independence Embassy of India, Phnom Penh organized a seminar-cum-cultural event to mark the celebrations of India@70 on 15 August 2017 at Hotel InterContinental Phnom Penh. H.E. Dr. Ly Thuch, Senior Minister of Royal Government of Cambodia graced the event as the Chief Guest. H.E. Mrs. Phoeurng Sackona, Minister of Culture and Fine Arts and H.E. Mr. Khuong Sreng, Governor of Phnom Penh also participated in the event with Heads of Diplomatic Missions/International Organizations in Cambodia, Senior government officials, business community, media and prominent members of Indian diaspora. The event was inaugurated by H.E. Mrs. Phoeurng Sackona, Minister of Culture and Fine Arts by lighting of traditional lamp. This was followed by a key note address by Mr. Rajiv Kumar, Charge d'Affaires who highlighted the journey of independent India during

the last 70 years to the invited guests. Thereafter the Chief Guest Senior Minister H.E. Ly Thuch delivered his remarks. He highly appreciated the great achievements and socio-economic development made by India, the world’s largest democracy since its independence in 1947. He added that India has gifted the rest of the world the knowledge and discoveries in all fields from medicine, science, mathematics, technology to the highly beneficial practice of yoga. He expressed gratitude of Royal Government of Cambodia for India’s valuable support during difficult time and assistance provided for Cambodia’s economic development. 6

Professor Dr. Sachhidanand Sahai and Dr. J. Bhoomikumar, two distinguished members of Indian Diaspora were also invited to speak on the occasion, who highlighted various aspects of Indian achievements and contributions. Professor Dr. Sonia Jasrotia made an excellent presentation on India@70. Under the cultural segment, patriotic songs and dance were performed by members of Indian community. A group of Cambodian performing arts students also performed Bharatnatyam dance during the program. The event was successfully conducted with the participation of more than 175 guests.

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sßanTUt\NÐaRbcaMraCFanIPeMñ Bj)anerobcMski aç salaCamYynwgRBwtkiþ arN_vb,Fm’edIm,IR)arB§BFi GI bGrsaTr RbeTs\NÐa India@70 enAéf¶TI15 ExsIha qñaM2017 enAsNæaKar InterContinental raCFanI PñMeBj. Ék]tþmbNÐit lI FuC eTsrdæm®nþIénraCrdæaPi)alkm<úCa )anpþl;kitþiysCaePJóvkitþiys elakCMTav ePOg skuNa rdæmRnþIRksYgvb,Fm’ nigviciRtsil,³ nigÉk]tþm XYg eRsg GPi)al raCFanIPñMeBjk¾)ancUlrYmpgEdrkñúgBiFIenH CamYyRbFanPñak;garTUt GgÁkarGnþrCatienAkm<úCa mRnþICan; x<s;rdæaPi)al shKmn_GñkCMnYj RbB½n§pSBVpSay nigsmaCiksMxan;²énCnGenþaRbevsn_\NÐa. RBwtþikarN_enHRtÚv)ansem<aFeday elakCMTav ePOg skuNa rdæmRnþIRksYgvb,Fm’ nigviciRtsil,³edaykar bMPøWcegáógRbéBNI ehIyk¾RtÚv)anbnþedaykarEføgsunÞrkfaedayelak Rajiv Kumar EdlCa GKÁraCTUt\NÐaEdl)anelIkBIdMeNIrénÉkraCüPaBrbs;RbeTs\NÐakñúgGMLúgeBl70qñaMcugeRkay enHmkkan;ePJóvEdl)anGeBa¢IjcUlrYm. bnÞab;mkeTot elakeTsrdæm®nþICan;x<s; lI FuC )anEføg sunÞrkfarbs;elak. Kat;eBjcitþy:agxøaMgcMeBaHsmiT§pld¾FMeFg nigkarGPivDÆn_esdækic©sgÁmrbs; \NÐa EdlCaRbCaFibetyüd¾FMbMputrbs;BiPBelak cab;taMgBIÉkraCürbs;xøÜnkñúgqñaM1947. Kat;)an bEnßmeTotfa \NÐa)anpþl;nUvkadUdl;RbeTsepSg²eTotelIBiPBelak nUvcMeNHdwg nigKMehIjRKb; 8

vis½yTaMgGs; EdlmantaMgBIvis½yevC¢sa®sþ viTüasa®sþ KNitviTüa nigrYmTaMgkarhat;yUhÁad¾man sar³sMxan;. elak)ansEmþgkardwgKuNcMeBaHraCrdæaPi)alkm<úCacMeBaHkarKaMRTd¾mantémørbs;RbeTs \NÐakñúgkMLúgeBld¾lM)ak nigCMnYyEdl)anpþl;sRmab;karGPivDÆn_esdækic©km<úCa. elaksaRsþacarübNÐit Sachhidanand Sahai nigbNÐit J. Bhoomikumar smaCikkitþiys BIrnak;rbs;smaKmn_\NÐaRtÚv)aneKGeBa¢Ij[niyayenA»kasenaHpgEdr Edlelak)anelIkbBa¢ak; BITidæPaBepSg²énsmiT§pl nigkarrYmcMENkrbs;\NÐa. sa®sþacarübNÐit Sonia Jasrotia )aneFVI bTbgðajd¾l¥mYyBI India@70. rIÉEpñkvb,Fm’ ceRmóg nigr)aMesñhaCati RtÚv)anR)arB§eLIg edaysmaCikénshKmn_\NÐa. RkúmsisSsil,³km<úCamYyRkúm)ansEmþgr)aM Bharatnatyam kñúgkMLúg eBlkmµviFI. RBwtþikarN_enHRtÚv)aneFVIeLIgedayeCaKC½y edaymankarcUlrYmBIePJóvCag 175nak;.

3rd International Day of Yoga

In December 2014, the 193 member UNGA approved a resolution by consensus to establish 21 June as â&#x20AC;&#x153;International Day of Yogaâ&#x20AC;?. In its resolution, the UNGA recognized that Yoga provides a holistic approach to health and well-being and wider dissemination of information about the benefits of practicing Yoga for the health of the world population. Yoga brings harmony in all walks of life and thus, is known for disease prevention, health promotion and management of many lifestyle related disorders. Millions of people across the globe have participated in the International Day of Yoga celebrations during the last two years. Nowadays the importance of Yoga is realised in every aspect of life. It is a valuable gift of ancient Indian tradition which embodies unity of mind and body. Two editions of International Day of Yoga have been successfully organised in 2015 and 2016 by the Embassy of India in association with Ministry of Tourism and Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport and it has found great enthusiasm and got overwhelming support from Cambodian friends. The Royal Government of Cambodia has extended its continued support in celebrations of International Day of Yoga. Like previous two years, Embassy of India in partnership with Ministry of Tourism and Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports organised yoga events in Cambodia in three cities namely Phnom Penh, Siem Reap and Sihanoukville. The First yoga event was in Siem Reap on 14 June 2017 (Wednesday) at 0600 hrs. in front of Angkor Wat Temple. The event was organised in conjunction with the First International Conference on Sustainable Tourism and Heritage Cities and attended by Tourism Ministers under the Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD) framework from more than 30 countries as 10

well as many other partners. This will be the first time when ACD delegates would also be participating in yoga event at Siem Reap. Subsequently, the main yoga event was organised at National Olympic Stadium on 17 June 2017 (Saturday) at 0700 hrs. The third yoga event at Sokha Beach, Sihanoukville on 17 June 2017 (Saturday) at 0700 hrs.

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Responding First as a Leading Power

The emerging concept of India as a “first responder” reflects the country’s growing capability and increasing willingness to assume the role of a leading power. By contributing its resources to prevent or mitigate regional and international crises, India is demonstrating its commitment as a responsible actor in the international order. Beyond narrow self-interest, such contributions help project India’s soft power abroad and portray India in a positive light. They also reflect India’s expanding sphere of influence and capacity to shape events abroad. The international order is facing a variety of transnational challenges that occasionally erupt into acute crises. Whether it is a natural catastrophe, an Internet disruption, or a sudden financial shock, the repercussions are often massive, with regional and global implications. This is where individual states must take immediate action, to mitigate the crisis impact and avoid further escalation. By taking the lead, they are providing a public good to the international order, supporting smaller or less capable states in dire need of assistance. As the Indian economy surges on and the country emerges as one of the key actors in the international order, expectations are consequently growing about India’s capacity to provide such support as a first responder to crises beyond its borders. Commenting on this rising role, Foreign Secretary Dr. S. Jaishankar thus emphasises that India’s foreign policy dimension is “to aspire to be a leading power, rather than just a balancing power ... (and) a willingness to shoulder greater global responsibilities.” While the concept of “first responder” has generally been interpreted quite narrowly, focusing on humanitarian disasters, a broader definition illustrates how India has played a 14

crucial role in assuming these “global responsibilities” by responding to a variety of crises in its neighbourhood and beyond. This is particularly apparent in seven issue-areas. 1. Natural disasters When the forces of nature unleash their fury on South Asia, the Indian government and military forces have played a critical role in supporting neighbouring countries in relief operations. After the 2004 tsunami, India deployed 14 Navy vessels, nearly 1,000 military personnel and several dozen helicopters and airplanes to Sri Lanka. In 2007, in the aftermath of cyclone Sidr, India was one of the few countries allowed to provide relief to Myanmar and provided critical rice supplies to address food emergencies there. In 2015, less than six hours after Nepal was rattled by a tragic earthquake taking almost 9,000 lives, the Indian Air Force flew in National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) rescue team. Over the next days, India lead on the ground, landing 32 flights with 520 tonnes of relief and more than fifty medical, Army engineering and other rescue operation teams. In 2014, the Indian Navy was the first to arrive in the Madives to provide fresh drinking water to more than 150,000 of its citizens facing an acute supply crisis. More recently, in response to Cyclone More (2017), India was the first to respond to the devastating floods in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. As reflected in relief provided to Pakistan in 2005 and 2010, Indian support transcends political considerations and is driven by a deep humanitarian drive. 2. Expatriate evacuation operations When crises erupt abroad, India is often the first on the ground to protect the lives and assets of its nationals. By mobilizing its consular officers, New Delhi has also provided safe evacuation to citizens from other countries. In 2015, for example, India extricated almost 2,000 nationals from 48 different countries, including many from the European Union, the United States and neighbouring countries. The Ministry of External Affairs, Air India, and the Navy and Air Force have emerged as key actors in conflict zones, especially in the Indian Ocean and Gulf region, normally operating as first responders coming to the rescue of thousands of foreign nationals in distress. 3. Non-traditional security challenges The Indian Navy has emerged as the Indian Ocean’s default first responder to non-traditional security challenges. To combat piracy in the Gulf of Aden since 2008, it deployed almost thirty warships that have escorted more than 1500 ships and thwarted around thirty piracy attempts. India was a founder-member of the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia (CGPCS) and has taken a lead role in coordination efforts among different naval forces in the region. When airplanes or ships go missing in its extended neighbourhood, India has often been among the first responders to participate in search and rescue missions. In 2014, the Indian Coast Guard deployed around the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in initial efforts to locate the missing Malaysian Airlines flight MH370. 4. Post-conflict relief and rehabilitation India has often taken the lead in supporting countries going through post-conflict processes which require expert resources and significant funding. After the end of the armed conflict in Sri Lanka, in 2009, India provided more than USD one billion worth in lines of credit and grants for projects in education, health, transport connectivity, and training. Focusing on relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction, India’s early efforts played a crucial role in facilitating Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Afghanistan’s return to normalcy years of violent conflict. As one of the largest contributors to United Nations peacekeeping missions, India’s “blue 15

helmets” have also served as first responders to mitigate dozens of conflicts around the world, leading efforts on the ground to facilitate stabilization and reconstruction. 5. Regime support Whenever friendly governments face the risk of a coup or instability threatening regional security, India has often stepped in as a first support responder. In 1988, for example, in response to a request from the Maldives, India activated Operation Cactus to deploy its military and ensure regime continuity in Male. Located in one of the world’s most conflict-ridden regions, whenever requested by neighbouring countries, India has also played a constructive role in offering its mediation services to ensure peaceful and inclusive settlements. New Delhi is also a democratic first responder, deploying expert technical support to assist transitioning democracies to design their new constitutions and hold free and fair elections. 6. Financial assistance India plays a little-known but crucial role as a first responder in the region to support friendly governments facing financial crises. Under a special currency swap mechanism instituted in 2012, the Reserve Bank of India has provided critical assistance to the governments of Bhutan, Maldives and Sri Lanka whenever they face foreign currency liquidity shortages. By coming to the rescue of their respective monetary authorities, New Delhi has demonstrated its commitment to financial stability and economic growth in the region, strengthening governance to wither crises. 7. Refugee flows Whenever people fear for their lives in South Asia, they often look up to India first. India has consistently provided an emergency safe haven for refugee and minority populations from across South Asia. Whether they are affected by violent conflict or any type of persecution, most displaced people’s routes to safety pass through India, taking advantage of its default open doors policy. Since 1947, this includes people from Tibet, East Pakistan,

Afghanistan, Burma/Myanmar, and Sri Lanka, leading the current UN Secretary General to speak of India’s refugee policy as a model for other countries. India’s contribution as a first responder in these areas above will continue to increase as its economy grows in size and openness. In his message to the heads of Indian missions abroad, in 2015, Prime Minister Modi thus “urged them to use this unique opportunity to help India position itself in a leading role, rather than just a balancing force, globally.” As India expands its horizons, it will keep stepping up to take the lead where other countries are reluctant, unwilling or incapable to do so. This first respondent tradition must be further studied and promoted, because it reflects India’s deep commitment to assume a driving role in the international order. And it will also have to be endowed with adequate resources and capabilities for India to move even quicker and farther beyond its borders. Constantino Xavier, Fellow, Carnegie India cxavier@ceip.org

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KMnitfµIrbs;RbeTs\NÐaEdlCa “GñkeqøIytbmuneK” qøúHbBa©aMgBIsmtßPaBrIklUtlas;rbs;RbeTs nigkarbegáInqnÞ³kñúgkarsnµt;tYnaTIénGMNacQanmuxeKmYy. edayrYmcMENkFnFanrbs;xøÜnedIm,I Tb;sáat; b¤kat;bnßyvibtþikñúgtMbn; nigGnþrCati \NÐakMBugbgðajkarebþCJacitþrbs;xøÜnfaCatYGgÁEdlman TMnYlxusRtÚvtamlMdab;GnþrCati. elIsBIkarKitBIplRbeyaCn_pÞal;xøYn karrYmcMENkEbbenH)an CYybgðajGMNacEbbTn;Pøn;rbs;\NÐaenAeRkARbeTs nigbgðajRbeTs\NÐaenAkñúgBnøWviC¢man. BYk eKk¾qøúHbBa©aMgBIkarBRgIk\T§iBlrbs;RbeTs\NÐa nigsmtßPaBedIm,IbegáItRBwtþikarN_enAbreTs. lMdab;GnþrCatikMBugRbQmmuxnwgbBaðaqøgEdnepSg²EdlCYnkalbNþal[manvibtþiF¶n;F¶r. minfavaCaeRKaHmhnþrayFmµCati karrMxanBIGuInFWNit b¤vibtþihirBaØvtßúPøam² plvi)akCaerOy²man TMhMFMedaymanplb:HBal;kñúgtMbn;nigskl. enHCakEnøgEdlrdænImYy²RtÚvEtcat;viFankarCabnÞan; edIm,Ikat;bnßyplb:HBal;vibtþi nigeCosvagkarekIneLIgbEnßmeTot. edaykare)aHCMhanmuxeK BYkeK kMBugpþl;nUvesvasaFarN³dl;lMdab;GnþrCati edayKaMRTdl;rdætYcCag b¤EdlmansmtßPaBtictYc EdlkMBugRtÚvkarCMnYybnÞan;. 18

xN³Edlesdækic©\NÐa)anekIneLIg ehIyRbeTsenH)anelceLIgCatYGgÁsMxan;mYyenAkñúglMdab; GnþrCati karrMBwgTukBIsmtßPaBrbs;\NÐa kñúgkarpþl;karKaMRTEbbenHkñúgnamCaGñkeqøIytbdMbUg cMeBaHvibtþinanahYsBIRBMEdnrbs;xøÜn)anekIneLIgCalMdab;. rdæelxaFikarRksYgkarbreTs elak bNÐit S. Jaishankar )ansgát;F¶n;fa eKalneya)aykic©karbreTsrbs;\NÐa KWR)afñacg;[man GMNacQanmuxeK CaCagmantulüPaBGMNac... nigmanqnÞ³kñúgkarTTYlxusRtÚvelIsklelak kan;EteRcIn.” xN³EdleKalKMnitén “GñkeqøIytbmuneK” RtÚv)anbkRsayy:agtUcceg¥ót edayepþateTAelIeRKaH mhnþrayénmnusSCati EtcMeBaHniymn½yTUlMTUlayvij vabgðajBIrebobEdlRbeTs\NÐaedIrtYy:ag sMxan;kgúñ karsnµt;“karTTYlxusRtÚvCaskl”edayeqøyI tbeTAnwgvibtþei pSg²enAkñgú tMbn;nigelIsBIenH. enHCaPaBCak;EsþgenAkñúgbBaðacMnYn7. 1.

eRKaHmhnþrayFmµCati

enAeBlkmøaMgFmµCatibeBa©jkMhwgrbs;vamkelIGasuIxagt,Úg rdæaPi)alRbeTs\NÐa nigkgkmøaMg eyaFa)anedIrtYnaTIy:agsMxan;kñúgkarKaMRTRbeTsCitxagkñúgRbtibtþikarCYyse®gÁaH. bnÞab;BIrlkykS s‘UNamIqñaM2004 RbeTs\NÐa)andak;BRgay kgnavacrcMnYn14eRKÓg eyaFaCit1000nak; nig ]T§mÖaKcRk nigynþehaHCaeRcIneRKÓgeTAkan;RbeTsRsIlgáa. enAqñaM2007 eRkayBIBüúHsuIRdI RbeTs \NÐa KWCaRbeTsmYykñúgcMeNamRbeTsmYycMnYntUcEdlRtÚv)anGnuBaØat[CYyse®gÁaHRbeTs mIy:an;m:a nigpþl;nUvkarpÁt;pÁg;Ggárd¾sMxan;edIm,IedaHRsaybBaðabnÞan;EpñkmðÚbGaharenATIenaH. enAkñúg qñaM2015 ticCagR)aMmYyem:ag eRkayBIRbeTsen)a:l;TTYlrgeRKaHénkarrBa¢ÜydId¾esaknadkmµ Edl )anqk;ykCIvitCit9000nak; kgT½BGakas\NÐa)anehaHeTACYyse®gÁaH kgkmøaMgeqøIytbeRKaH mhnþrayCati (NDRF). kñúgry³eBlb:unµanéf¶eRkaymkeTot RbeTs\NÐa)andwkCBa¢ÚntampøÚveKak edaymanynþehaHcMnYn32)ancuHct EdlrYmmanCMnYyse®gÁaHbnÞan;cMnYn 520etan nigRkúmevC¢sa®sþ Cag50nak; visVkmµeyaFa nigRkúmCYyse®gÁaHepSgeTot. enAqñaM2014 kgnavacr\NÐaCaRkúm TImYyEdl)anmkdl;RbeTsm:al;DIv edIm,Ipþl;Twks¥atdl;RbCaBlrdæCag15muWnnak; EdlkMBugRbQm nwgvibtþipÁt;pÁg;F¶n;F¶r. naeBlfµI²enH edIm,IeqøIytbeTAnwgBüúHsuIkøÚn More (qñaM2017) RbeTs\NÐa KW CaRbeTsdMbUgeKEdleqøIytbeTAnwgeRKaHTwkCMnn;Edl)anbMpøicbMpøajRbeTsRsIlgáa nigbg;køaeds. dUcEdl)anbgðajenAkñúgkarpþl;CMnYydl;)a:KIsßankñúgqñaM2005 nigqñaM2010 CMnYynigkarKaMRTrbs; RbeTs\NÐa vaelIsBIkarBicarNabBaðaneya)ay KWvaRtÚv)anCMrujedayeKalkarN_CYymnusSFm’ y:agsuICeRmA. 19

RbtibtþikarCemøósBIbreTs

enAeBlEdlvibtþi)anpÞúHeLIg enAeRkARbeTsCaerOy²RbeTs\NÐaCaRbeTsTImYyenAelIdIEdlkarBar CIvitnigRTBüsm,tþirbs;Catirbs;xøÜn. edaykarbMpusKMnit mRnþIkugs‘ulrbs;xøÜn RkúgjÚedlI k¾)an pþl;nUvkarCemøóssuvtßiPaBdl;RbCaBlrdæmkBIRbeTsdéTpgEdr. ]TahrN_ enAqñaM2015 RbeTs \NÐa)anCemøósRbCaBlrdæCit2000nak; mkBIRbeTscMnYn48epSgKña EdlrYmmanRbCaCnmkBI shKmn_GWr:ubCaeRcIn mkBIshrdæGaemrik nigRbeTsCitxagpgEdr. RksYgkarbreTs GakascrN_ RbeTs\NÐa nigkgT½BeCIgTwk nigkgT½BGakas )ankøayCatYGgÁsMxan;enAkñúgtMbn;CemøaH CaBiess enAkñúgmhasmuRT\NÐa nigtMbn;QUgsmuRT EdlCaFmµta dMeNIrkarCaGñkeqøIytbmuneK )anCYy se®gÁaHCnbreTsrab;Ban;nak;EdlkMBugrgTukç. 3.

bBaðaRbQmEpñksnþisux ¬minEmnEbbRbéBNI¦

kgnavacr\NÐa)ankøayCaGñkeqøIytbmundMbUgeKbg¥s;rbs;mhasmuRT\NÐa cMeBaHbBaðaRbQmEpñk snþisuxminEmnEbbRbéBNI. edIm,IRbyuT§RbqaMgnwgecarsmuRTenAkñúgQUgsmuRTGadin cab;taMgBIqñaM 2008mk navacr\NÐa)andak;BRgaynavacm,aMg Cit30eRKÓg Edl)anEhrhmnavaCag1500 nig)an bg¥ak;karb:unb:gbøn;nava RbEhlsamsibdg. RbeTs\NÐaKWCasmaCiksßabnikénRkúmTMnak;TMng elIkarlYcbøn;tameqñrsmuRTsUm:alI (CGPCS) ehIy)anedIrtYnaTInaMmuxeKkñúgkic©RbwgERbgsRmb sRmÜlrvagkgkmøaMgénkgT½BeCIgTwkepSg²enAkñúgtMbn;. enAeBlEdlynþehaH b¤nava)at;xøÜnenAtMbn; Citxagrbs;xøÜn CaerOy²RbeTs\NÐasßitkñúgcMeNamGñkeqøIytbmuneK Edl)ancUlrYmkñúgebskkmµ rukrknigse®gÁaH. enAkñúgqñaM2014 qµaMeqñrsmuRT\NÐa)andak;BRgay enACuMvijekaH Andaman nig ekaH Nicobar kñúgkic©xitxMRbwgERbgdMbUgedIm,IkMNt;TItaMgynþehaH MH370 rbs;Rkúmh‘unGakas crN_m:aeLsuIEdl)an)at;. 4.

karpþl;CMnYyse®gÁaHeRkayCemøaH nigkarsþareLIgvij

RbeTs\NÐa CaerOy²)annaMmuxkñúgkarKaMRTdl;bNþaRbeTsEdlqøgkat;dMeNIrkaredaHRsaybBðaa eRkayCemøaHEdlRtÚvkarFnFanGñkCMnajnigkarpþl;mUlniFiy:agsMxan;. bnÞab;BIbBa©b;CemøaHRbdab; GavuFenARsIlgáa kñúgqñaM2009 RbeTs\NÐa )anpþl;R)ak;CagmYyBan;landuløartamry³bnÞat;\NTan nigCMnYy\tsMNgsRmab;KeRmag kñúgvis½yGb;rM vis½ysuxPaB kartP¢ab;dwkCBa¢Ún nigkarbNþúH bNþal. edayepþatelIkarpþl;CMnYy karsþareLIgvij nigkarsßabnaeLIgvij kic©RbwgERbgdMbUgrbs; \NÐa)anedIrtYy:agsMxan; kñúgkarsRmbsRmÜlRbeTsen)a:l; RsIlgáa nigGahVhÁanIsßan[vilRtLb; 20

eTArkPaBRbRktIBIs®gÁamhigSa. kñúgnamCaGñkrYmcMENkd¾FMbMputmYykñúgebskkmµEfrkSasnþiPaB rbs;GgÁkarshRbCaCati “mYkexov”rbs;\NÐak¾CaGñkeqøyI tbdMbgU eKkñgú karkat;bnßyCemøaHCaeRcInenACuvM ji BiPBelak EdlnaM[mankic©xitxMRbwgERbgedIm,I sRmÜldl;sßirPaB nigkarksageLIgvij. 5.

karKaMRTrbb

enAeBlNaEdlrdæaPi)alEdlmanPaBrak;Tak; RbQmnwghaniP½yrdæRbhar b¤GsßirPaBEdlKMram kMEhgdl;snþisuxkñúgtMbn; RbeTs\NÐaCaerOy²)anedIrtYnaTICaGñkeqøIytbTImYy. ]TahrN_ enAqñaM 1998 kñúgkareqøIytbeTAnwgkaresñIBIm:al;DIv RbeTs\NÐa)aneFVIskmµPaBRbtibtþikardMbgykS edIm,Idak;BRgaykgT½Brbs;xøÜn nigFananirnþPaBrbs;rbbenAkñúgRkúg Male. edaysßitkñúgTItaMg kñúgtMbn;sm,ÚrCemøaHbMputenAelIBiPBelak enAeBlEdlmankaresñIsuMBIbNþaRbeTsCitxag RbeTs \NÐak¾)anedIrtYCaGñksßabnakñúgkarpþl;karsRmbsRmÜlrbs;xøÜnedIm,IFananUvkaredaHRsayeday snþiPaB nigedaykarsRmbsRmÜlbBa©ÚlKña. RkúgjÚvedlIk¾CaGñkeqøIytbEbbRbCaFibetyümuneK edaydak;BRgayCMnYyEpñkbec©keTs CMnaj edIm,ICYydl;RbCaFibetyüGnþrkal edIm,IbegáItrdæFmµnuBaØ fµIrbs;xøÜn nigerobcMkare)aHeqñatedayesrI nigyutþiFm’. 6.

CMnYyhirBaØvtßú

RbeTs\NÐaedIrtYnaTItictYcEdleK)andwg b:uEnþsMxan;kñúgnamCaGñkeqøIyelIkdMbUg enAkñúgtMbn;edIm,I 21

KaMRTdl;rdæaPi)alCamitþ EdlkMBugRbQmnwgvibtþihirBaØvtßú. eRkamynþkarpøas;bþÚrrUbiyb½NÑBiess mYyEdl)anbegáIteLIgkñúg qñaM2012 FnaKarkNþal \NÐa)anpþl;CMnYyy:agsMxan;dl;rdæaPi)alb‘Utan m:al;DIv nigRsIlgáa enAeBlEdlBYkeKRbQmnwgkgVHRTBüskmµbreTs. tamry³karCYyse®gÁaH GaCJaFrrUbiyvtßúRbeTserog²xøÜn RkúgjÚvedlI)anbgðajnUvkarebþCJacitþrbs;xøÜncMeBaHsßirPaBhirBaØvtßú nigkMeNInesdækic©enAkñúgtMbn; edayBRgwgGPi)alkic©edIm,Ikat;bnßyvibtþi. 7.

lMhUrCnePosxøÜn

enAeBlEdlmnusSP½yxøaccMeBaHCIvitrs;enArbs;BYkeKenAGasuIxagt,Úg BYkeKEtgEtEsVgrkRbeTs \NÐamuneK. RbeTs\NÐa)anpþl;nUvCRmksuvtßiPaBbnÞan;sRmab;CnePosxøÜn nigCnCatiPaKticenA TUTaMgGasuIxagt,Úg. minfaBYkeKrgplb:HBal;edaykarb:HTgÁicedayhigSa b¤kareFVITukçbukemñj NamYyk¾eday\NÐaCapøÚvrbs;RbCaCnpøas;bþÚrTIeTAkan;TIkEnøgsuvtßiPaBedayqøgkat;\NÐatamry³karTaj ykRbeyaCn_BIeKalneya)ayebIkTVarcMhRsab;. cab;taMgBIqñaM1947 rYmmanRbCaCnmkBITIebxag ekIt )a:KIsßan GahVhÁanIsßan PUma nigRsIlgáar EdldwknaMGKÁelxaFikarGgÁkarshRbCaCatinaeBl bc©úb,nñenH )anniyayBIeKalneya)ayCnePosxøÜnrbs;\NÐa CaKMrUsRmab;RbeTsdéTeTot. karrYmcMENkrbs;\NÐakñúgnamCaGñkeqøIytbmuneK enAkñúgvis½yxagelIenHnwgbnþekIneLIgxN³eBl esdækic©rbs;xøÜnrIklUtlas; nigmanPaBebIkTUlay. enAkñúgsarrbs;elakeTAkan;Rbmuxebskkmµ \NÐaenAeRkARbeTsenAqñaM2015 elaknaykrdæm®nþIm:UDI {)anCMruj[BYkeKeRbI»kasBiessenHedIm,I CYyRbeTs\NÐa[mantYnaTIQanmuxeK CaCageRbóbeFobkmøaMgsklenATUTaMgBiPBelak}. 2 eday \NÐaBRgIkeCIgemXrbs;xøÜn vanwgrkSakare)aHCMhanedIm,InaMmux EdlRbeTsdéTsÞak;esÞIr minmanqnÞ³ b¤minGaceFVI)an. RbéBNICaGñkeqøIytbmuneKenH RtÚvEtsikSabEnßm nigelIkkm<s; eRBaHvaqøúHbBa©aMgBIkarebþCJacitþ y:agRCaleRCArbs;\NÐakñúgkarsnµt;tYnaTICaGñkkac;cgáÚtkñúglMdab;GnþrCati. ehIyvak¾RtÚvpþl;nvU FnFanRKb;RKan; nigsmtßPaBsRmab;RbeTs\NÐaedIm,Ipaø s;TkI an;EtelOn nighYsBIRBMEdnrbs;xnÜø . Constantino Xavier, Fellow, Carnegie India cxavier@ceip.org

Reaching for the Stars

India has a rich tradition of using outer space as a tool for national development. The poorest of the poor have always been the beneficiaries of India’s space technologies, from farmers to fisher folk Indian satellites touch the lives of almost the entire 1.3 billion population. As India celebrates its seventieth birthday it has already entered the golden era of space technology, sectors like satellite television, banking, smart city development, weather forecasting, smart phones, e-governance, satellite aided navigation are all catering to India’s unending appetite to deploy high technology to ease the life of the common man. India’s quest for space has been pioneered by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) set up in 1969 and today has an annual budget of about $ 1.4 billion. The country has a constellation of 44 satellites in orbit and can now on its own launch up to four tons of communication satellites into orbit. This gives India end to end capabilities in space technology from making its own satellites to launching its own rockets and has even sent an Indian made satellite Mangalyaan or the Mars Orbiter Mission all the way to the Mars travelling a distance of over 200 million kilometres. The journey for ISRO began from the humble fishing village of Thumba on the coast of the Arabian Sea where the scientists used the premises of a church to set up the first rocket launch facilities and the first rockets were carried on bicycles and first satellites pulled in on bullock carts. Today India’s heaviest rocket the Geo-synchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mk III (GSLV MK III) also lovingly named `Bahubaali’ weighs a whopping 640 tons or the weight of more than 200 fully grown elephants. This elegant rocket had its maiden launch on June 5, 2017 when it launched a communications satellite GSAT-19 into orbit and promises to become the mainstay for all heavy lifts. The first satellite to be launched by India was way back in 1972 when the 360 kilogram Aryabhata satellite named after India’s legendary mathematician was lifted into orbit from the erstwhile 23

USSR. This space science satellite paved the way for ISRO to reach for the stars. In the next few months this year India hopes to launch its heaviest ever satellite GSAT-11 that will weigh about 5725 kilograms. By launching `Bahubaali’ the Indian space agency entered into a bold new world muscling its way to make its mark in the world’s heavy weight multi-billion dollar launch market. ISRO chairman Dr A S Kiran Kumar a man of modest words said `we pushed ourselves to the limits to ensure that this new fully self-reliant Indian rocket succeeds in its maiden launch’. This heavy lift rocket is capable of placing up to 8 tons in a low Earth orbit, enough to carry India’s crew module. Incidentally what may please Prime Minister on India Mr. Narendra Modi a known space buff is that this launch has `made in India boldly written all over it’. ISRO has already prepared plans of hoisting a 2-3 member human crew into space as soon as the government gives it a sanction of about 3-4 billion dollars. The expectation is that the ISRO friendly Modi may want to leave his own stamp on history by initiating the human space flight program before the end of his first term in 2019. India would become only the fourth country after Russia, USA and China to have a human space flight program. Incidentally ISRO asserts the first Indian to go into space could well be a woman. Kumar confirms `in principle it will be the GSLV Mk-3 or its variant that will be human rated in future’. India already has two operational rockets the workhorse Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) that can hoist satellites of 1.5 tons into space and was the preferred vehicle for India’s maiden mission to Moon and Mars. The second the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark II can hoist 2 ton class of satellites. Between them, ISRO has done fifty launches and recently even earned a world record by successfully placing 104 satellites in orbit beating an old Russian record of hoisting 39 satellites in a single mission. This year India embarked on space diplomacy like never before. For the first time New Delhi flexed its prowess of space technology by embarking on an unprecedented and un-chartered `stratospheric diplomacy’ through a special Rs 450 crore gift for south Asians. India carved a

very unique place in the universe, when New Delhi `gifted’ a heavy weight bird in the sky to its neighbours through the `South Asia Satellite’. India opened its heart out by extending its neighbourhood first policy beyond the stratosphere. This `gift’ of a communications satellite for use by neighbours at no cost has no parallels in the space fairing world, all other current regional consortia are commercial for-profit enterprises. The `South Asia Satellite’ is a 2230 kilogram satellite is purely a communications satellite costing Rs 235 crores. The uniqueness of this satellite is that it has a footprint that extends all over South Asia and India gifted this heavenly messenger to its neighbours. The South Asia Satellite has 12 Ku band transponders which India’s neighbours can now utilise to increase communications. Each country will get access to at least one transponder through which they could beam their own programming and there could be common `south Asian programing’ as well. Each country is developing its own ground infra-structure though India is willing to extend assistance and know-how. According to the government the satellite will `enable a full range of applications and services to our neighbours in the areas of telecommunication and broadcasting applications viz. television, direct-to-home (DTH), very small aperture terminals (VSATs), tele-education, telemedicine and disaster management support.’ The satellite also has the capability to provide secure hot lines among the participating nations in addition since the region is highly prone to earthquakes, cyclones, floods, tsunami’s it may help in providing critical communication links in times of disasters. In this unusual message of peace, India’s most hostile neighbour Pakistan has fully opted out. Rest of the seven countries part of the South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC) namely Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka are part of this mission. Experts say `Pakistan has missed an opportunity’ since its own space program is currently in a primitive stage as compared to India’s. Hopefully friendly skies can result in reduced hostilities on Earth. In 2013 India launched the Mangalyaan the country’s first mission to Mars and it hit Bulls Eye when on September 24, 2014 it entered the orbit of Mars and India created global history by becoming the first country to reach the orbit of Mars on its maiden attempt a fact that eluded global giants like USA and Russia. Made for a nominal mission life of 180 days this year the Mangalyaan completed 1000 days in orbit and continues to beam back data and some its images like those of the full disc of Mars are so good that they featured on the cover of the venerated National Geographic magazine. Early next year India plans to hoist its second mission to the Moon, Chandrayaa-2 which will include landing its flag on the lunar surface on an indigenous rover. Continuing with inter-planetary exploration missions are also planned for Venus and a re-visit to Mars. Human space flight is also in the offing, India’s latest rocket the GSLV Mk III could be India’s vehicle of choice to launch `Indians into space, from Indian soil using Indian rockets’. This is only the beginning reaching for the stars and exploring the wonders of the universe are all on the horizon but whatever it does India’s common person will continue to reap the maximum benefits of India’s capabilities in space. Pallava Bagala ( Pallava Bagala is a globally recognised Indian science journalist and author of book ‘Reaching for the Stars: India’s Journey to Mars and Beyond ‘ published by Bloomsbury. He can be reached at Pallava.bagla@gmail.com )

kareqøIytbmuneKCaGñkdwknaMGMNac

RbeTs\NÐamanRbéBNIds¾ m,ÚrEbbénkareRbIR)as;GvkasxageRkACa]bkrN_sRmab;karGPivDÆn_Cati. GñkRkIRkbMput EtgEtTTYl)anplRbeyaCn_BIbec©kviTüaGvkasrbs;\NÐa minfacab;BIksikrdl;Gñk ensaTRtI páayrNb\NÐa)anpþl;RbeyaCn_dl;CIvitrbs;RbCaCnesÞIrEt 1.3 Ban;lannak;TaMgGs;. xN³EdlRbeTs\NÐaR)arB§xYbkMeNItTI70rbs;xøÜn va)anQandl;yuKsm½ymasénbec©kviTüa Gvkas dUcCavis½yTUrTsSn_páayrNb FnaKar karGPivDÆTIRkúgqøatév karBüakrN_GakasFatu TUrs½BÞ qøatév GPi)alkic©eGLicRtÚnic karsÞg;emIledayCMnYyBIpáayrNb KWsuT§EtbRmúgsRmab;cMNUl citþrbs;\NÐa edIm,Idak;BRgaybec©kviTüax<s;² edIm,IeFVIeGayCIvitmnusSFmµtakan;EtgayRsÜl. dMeNIrEsVgrkGvkasrbs;\NÐaRtÚv)anbegáIteLIgedayGgÁkarRsavRCavGvkas\NÐa (ISRO) Edl)an begáIteLIgenAqñaM1969 ehIybc©úb,nñenHmanfvikaRbmaN 1.4Ban;landuløar. RbeTsenHman RkúmpáayrNbcMnYn44 enAelIKnøgrbs;va ehIy\LÚvenHvaGacdMeNIkaredayxøÜnÉg edaybBa¢Ún páayrNbTMnak;TMngdl;eTA4etaneTAkan;Knøg. enHeFVI[RbeTs\NÐamanlT§PaBBIcugmYyeTAcugmYy kñúgbec©kviTüaGvkas edaycab;taMgBIeFVIpáayrNbrbs;xøÜn dl;)aj;r:uEkátpÞal;rbs;xøÜn ehIyEfm TaMgbBa¢ÚnpáayrNb Mangalyaan EdleFVIeday\NÐapÞal; b¤ebskkmµehaHKnøgPBRBHGgÁar 26

rhUtdl;PBRBHGgÁaredayeFVIdMeNIrcMgayCag 200lanKILÚEm:Rt. RbvtþidMeNIrrbs; ISRO )ancab;epþImBIPUmiensaT Thumba enAelIeqñrsmuRTGar:ab; EdlBYk GñkviTüasa®sþ)aneRbIR)as;brievNRBHviharedIm,IbegáItkEnøg)aj;begðaHr:uEkátdMbUg ehIyRKab;r:ukEkt dMbUgRtÚv)aneKdak;enAelIkg; nigpáayrNbdMbUgEdlTajcUlelIreTHeKa. sBVéf¶enHr:uEkátEdlman Tm¶n;F¶n;bMputrbs;\NÐa KWpáayrNb EdlehaHRsbEpndIehAfa MkIII(GSLVMKIII)k¾maneQµaHmü:ag eTotfa “Bahubaali” EdlmanTm¶n;640etan b¤RbEhldMrIeBjv½y200k,al. r:uEkátTMenIbenH )ancab;epþIm)aj;begðaHenAéf¶TI5 Exmifuna qñaM2017 enAeBlmankar)an)aj;begðaHpáayrNbKmna Kmn_ GSAT-19 eTAkñúgKnøg ehIysnüafanwgkøayeTACamUldæansRmab;karelIkTm¶n;F¶n;TaMgGs;. páayrNbdMbUgEdlRtÚv)andak;[eRbIR)as;edayRbeTs\NÐa KWRtÚv)anRtLb;mkvijenAqñaM1972 enAeBlEdlpáayrNb Aryabhata EdlmanTm¶n;360KILÚRkam EdlRtÚv)aneKdak;eQµaHtam KNitviTUd¾l,Il,ajrbs;\NÐamñak; RtÚv)aneKelIkcUleTAkñúgKnøgtaraBIGtItshPaBsUevot. páay rNbviTüasaRsþGvkasenH )anRtÜsRtaypøÚvsRmab; ISRO edIm,IQaneTAdl;PBpáay. kñúgry³eBl b:unµanExxagmuxenH qñaMenH RbeTs\NÐasgÇwmfanwgdak;páayrNb GSAT-11 EdlmanTm¶n;F¶n;CageK dl;eTA 5725KILÚRkam. edayebIkdMeNIrkar “Bahubaali” TIPñak;garGvkasrbs;\NÐa)anQancUleTAkñúgBiPBelakfµImYy

EdlmanPaBrwgmaM edayBRgwgsac;duMxøÜnedIm,IeFVI[xøÜnkøayeTACaTIpSar EdlmanTm¶n;F¶n;bMputkñúg BiPBelak. elak AS Kiran Kumar RbFanRkúm ISRO EdlCabursEdldak;xøÜn )anniyayfa “eyIg)anrujxøÜneyIgeTAEdnkMNt; edIm,IFanafaRKab;r:ukEktrbs;\NÐaEdlBwgEp¥kxøÜnÉgTaMgRsúg enHTTYl)aneCaKC½yenAkñúgkarcab;epþImdMbUgrbs;xøÜn{. RKab;r:ukEktd¾F¶n;enH GacpÞúkTm¶n;dl;eTA8etanenAkñúgKnøgTabénEpndI EdlRKb;RKan;GacpÞúkm:UDul rbs;navik\NÐa. edayécdnü GVIEdlGaceFVI[naykrdæmRnþI\NÐa elak Narendra Modi køayCa mnusSGñkl,Il,aj)anenaH KWfakar)aj;begðaHelIkenH mansresrBakü “plitenARbeTs\NÐa” RKb;TIkEnøg. )anerobcMEpnkarénkardak;smaCiknavik2eTA3nak;eTAGvkas enAeBlEdlrdæaPi)al)an pþl;karGnuBaØatRbmaN 3eTA4Ban;landuløar. karrMBwgTukKWfa Modi mitþrbs; ISRO RbEhl Cacg;edARtapÞal;xøÜnkñúgRbvtþisa®sþ edaycab;epþImkmµviFIehaHehIrGvkas muneBlbBa©b;GaNtþidMbUg rbs;Kat;enAqñaM2019. RbeTs\NÐanwgkøayCaRbeTsTIbYnbnÞab;BIRbeTsrusSúI shrdæGaemrik nig RbeTscin EdlmankmµviFIehaHehIrmnusSGvkas. edayécdnü ISRO )anGHGagfaCnCati\NÐadMbUg EdlGaccUleTAkñúgGvkasGacrYmman®sþImYy. Kumar )anbBa¢ak;kñugeKalkarN_fa vanwgCa GSLV Mk-3b¤kv¾ a: rü:gr; bs;vaEdlnwgRtÚv)anvaytémøedaymnusSnaeBlGnaKt;.RbeTs\NÐamankaMRCÜcRbtibtþi ISRO

karBIr EdlmaneQµaHfa Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) EdlGacpÞúkpáayrNb 1.5etaneTAGvkas nigCayanEdleBjniymsRmab;ebskkmµdMbUgrbs;\NÐaeTAkan;PBRBHc½nÞ nig PBGgÁar. páayrNbTI2 rbs;páayrNb Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark II GacpÞúkpáayrNbTm¶n;2etan. rvagBYkeK ISRO )aneFVIkarbegðaHpáayrNbcMnYn50dg ehIy fµI²enH )anTTYlkMNt;RtaBiPBelak eday)andak;páayrNbcMnYn104 kñúgKnøgeKalcreday eCaKC½y elIskMNt;Rtacas;rbs;rusSúI Edl)anbegðaHpáayrNbcMnYn39 enAkñúgebskkmµEtmYy. enAqñaMenH RbeTs\NÐa)ancab;epþImkarTUtEpñkGvkasEdlminFøab;manBImunmk. CaelIkdMbUg Edl TIRkúgjÚvedlIbgðajsmtßPaBbec©kviTüaGvkasrbs;xøÜnedaycab;epþImkarTUtEdlminmanBImunmk KWkarTUtGvkas “stratopheic diplomacy” tamry³ Rs 450 EdlCaGMeNayBiesssRmab; GasuIxagt,Úg. RbeTs\NÐa)anqøak;kEnøgd¾BiessmYyenAsklelak enAeBlEdlTIRkúgjÚvedlI )anpþl;stVd¾F¶n;mYyenAelIemXdl;RbeTsCitxagrbs;xøÜntamry³ “páayrNbGasuIxagt,Úg”. RbeTs\NÐa)anebIkcitþKMnitrbs;xøÜnedaykarBRgIkeKalneya)ayTImYyrbs;xøÜnCaelIkdMbUgenA q¶ayBIbrievNGakasRbeTsxøÜn. GMeNayénpáayrNbKmnaKmn_sRmab;kareRbIR)as;edayRbeTs Citxageday\tKitéfø ehIyKµanBIreTenAelIBiPBelakenH eRBaHpáayrNbepSgenAkñúgtMbn;KWCa shRKasrkR)ak;cMeNjsRmab;BaNiC¢kmµ. páayrNb “GasuIxagt,Úg” KWpáayrNbTm¶n;2230 KILÚRkam CapáayrNbKmnaKmn_suT§saF EdlcMNayGs;R)ak; Rs 235 crores. lkçN³Biessén páayrNbenH KWfavamansñamBaseBjtMbn;GasuIxagt,Úg ehIy\NÐapþl;GMeNayGñknaMsard¾F¶n;enH eTAdl;RbeTsCitxagrbs;xøÜn. páayrNbenAGasuIxagt,ÚgmanRbdab;TTYlTUrelxcMnYn12Ku Edl RbeTsCitxagrbs;\NÐa\LÚvenHGaceRbIR)as;edIm,IbegáInTMnak;TMng. RbeTsnImYy²GacTTYl)an y:agehacNas;mYyRbdab;TTYlTUrelxmYy tamry³enHBYkeKGacbegáItkmµviFIpÞal;xøÜnrbs;BYkeK ehIyvak¾GacCakmµviFI “GasuIGaeKñy_” FmµtapgEdr. RbeTsnImYy²kMBugGPivDÆehdæarcnasm<½n§ pÞal;dI;rbs;xøÜnpÞal; ebIeTaHbIRbeTs\NÐamanqnÞ³BRgIkCMnYynigcMeNHeFVIk¾eday. eyagtamrdæaPi)al páayrNbenHnwgpþl;CUnnUvkmµviFI nigesvakmµeBjeljeTA[RbeTsCitxagrbs;eyIg enAkñúgvis½y TUrKmnaKmn_ nigkmµviFIpSBVpSay dUcCakartP¢ab;pÞal;mkpÞH (DTH) bNþúMCeRmAtUc² (VSATs) karGb;rM TUrKmnaKmn_ karGb;rMBIcm¶ay evC¢sa®sþBIcm¶ay nigkarKaMRTkarRKb;RKg nigeRKaHmhnþray. páay rNbenHk¾mansmtßPaBkñúgkareFVICaelxse®gÁaHbnÞan; kñúgcMeNamRbeTsEdlcUlrYmTaMgGs;pgEdr edayehtufa tMbn;enHgaynwgmanrBa¢ÜydI BüúHsuIkøÚn TwkCMnn; nigrlkykSs‘UNamI vaGacCYykñúg karpþl;tMNP¢ab;sMxan;kñúgRKamaneRKaHmhnþray. enAkñúgsarsnþiPaBcEmøkenH RbeTs)a:KIsßanCitxagEdlBuMsUvmanTMnak;TMngl¥nwg\NÐa)anbdiesF. 29

cMeBaH7RbeTsepSg EdlCaEpñkénsmaKmn_GasuIxagt,Úg sRmab;kic©shRbtibtþikartMbn; (SAARC) EdlrYmman GahVhÁanIsßan en)a:l; b‘Utan m:al;DIv bg;køaeds nigRsIlgáa KWCaEpñkmYyénebskkmµ enH. GñkCMnajniyayfa “RbeTs)a:KIsßan)anxkxan»kasmYyenH” edaysarEtkmµviFIGvkas pÞal;rbs;xøÜnbc©úb,nñsßitenAkñúgdMNak;kaldMbUgebIeRbóbeFobeTAnwgRbeTs\NÐa. sgÇwmfaemX d¾rYsrayGacnaMmknUvkarfycuHs®gÁamenAelIEpndI. enAqñaM2013RbeTs\NÐa)ancab;epþImebskkmµ Mangalyaan EdlCaebskkmµ elIkdMbUgrbs;RbeTsenH eTAkan;PBRBHGgÁar ehIyva)anehaH eTAcMNuckNþal enAéf¶TI24 ExkBaØa qñaM2014 va)ancUleTAkñúgKnøgPBGgÁar ehIy\NÐa)anbegáIt Rbvtþisa®sþBiPBelakedaykøayCaRbeTsdMbUgeKEdlGaceTAdl;KnøgPBGgÁarenAelIkarBüayam dMbUgrbs;va karBitEdl)anykQñHelImhaykSBiPBelak dUcCashrdæGaemrik nigrusSúI. karEdl)an begáItebskkmµbnÞab;bnSM ry³eBl180éf¶ qñaMenH Mangalyaan )anbBa©b;kñúgry³eBl1000éf¶ ehaHkñúgKnøgeKacr ehIy)anbnþ)aj;Tinñn½ymkvijnigrUbPaBxøH EdleRbóbdUcDIsfteBareBjeday PBRBHGgÁar Edlvac,as;sa¥ tl¥sgwu EtdUcrUbEdleKdak;elIKRmbTsSnavtþI National Geographic. enAedImqñaMeRkay RbeTs\NÐaeRKagnwgelIkebskkmµelIkTIBIrrbs;xøÜneTAelI PBRBHc½nÞ Chan EdlnwgrYmbBa©Úlkardak;Tg;Catirbs;xøÜn enAelIépÞzanRBHcnÞenAelIeRKÓgynþbBa¢a drayaa-2 eGayedIrelIPBRBHcnÞ. karbnþCamYyebskkmµrukrkGnþrPB k¾RtÚv)aneRKagTukpgEdrsRmab;PB Venus nigeFVIdMeNIreTAkan;PBRBH GgÁarvij. karehaHehIrGvkasrbs;mnusSk¾sßitenAkñúgkarKitKUrEdr r:uEkátcugeRkaybg¥s;rbs;\NÐaKW GSLV Mk III GacnwgkøayCaCeRmIsyanþynþrbs;\NÐaedIm,IdwkCnCati\NÐaeTAGvkasBITwkdI\NÐa edayeRbIr:uEkát \NÐa. enHRKan;EtCakarcab;epþImmYyEdlQaneTAdl;páayelIemX nigEsVgyl;BIPaBGs©arüén saklelakEdlmanenAeCIgemXEtb:ueNÑaH b:uEnþminfaGVIEdleK)aneFVI KWmnusSFmµtarbs;\NÐanwgbnþ TTYl)anGtßRbeyaCn_GtibrmaénsmtßPaBrbs;\NÐakñúgGvkas.

elak Pallava Bagla

KWCaGñksarB½t’manviTüasaRsþ\NÐamñak;EdlRtÚv)anTTYlsÁal;Casklelak nig CaGñkniBn§esovePA “karQaneTAdl;PBpáay nigPBepSg² rbs;RbeTs\NÐa” Edl)anecjpSay eday Bloomsbury. elakGñkGacTak;TgKat;tamry³ Pallava.bagla@gmail.com) (Pallava Bagla

Capacity Building in Cambodia Through Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) Programme

With the objective to establish relations of mutual concern and interdependence based common ideals and aspirations and solid economic foundations, Government of India introduced Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) Programme in 1964 with Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India as nodal Ministry. ITEC programme is a major resource for bilateral cooperation essentially but it has been extended to regional, multilateral and interregional cooperation programmes also. Under ITEC Programme, 161 countries in Asia, Africa, East Europe, Latin America, the Caribbean as well as Pacific and Small Island countries are invited to share in the Indian developmental experience acquired over six decades of Indiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s existence as a free nation. ITEC programme includes training (civilian and defence) in India of nominees from ITEC partner countries, projects and project related activities such as feasibility studies and consultancy services, deputation of Indian experts abroad, study tours, gifts/donations of equipment at the request of ITEC partner countries and aid for disaster relief. Cambodia is one of the major participating countries in ITEC training programmes. In addition to other bilateral cooperation and assistance programmes, capacity building by way of training Govt/semi Govt. and private officials and professionals of ITEC partner countries including Cambodia in various fields is an important aspect of the training programme. So far more than 1400 Cambodian officials from civilian and defence sectors have been trained in India under ITEC programme. During recent years a lot of enthusiasm has been shown by Cambodian Government and other organisations for training of their official under this programme and number of participants every year has continuously increased. For the current Financial Year 2017-18 a total of 150 slots for training of civilian officials and 11 slots for training of defence personnel have been allocated to Cambodia. 31

Under the ITEC prgoramme, short, mid and long term training courses on wide ranging and diverse subjects in various fields are conducted by more than 300 premier Institutions which are centres of excellence in respective fields spread all over India. Major areas of training are accounts/audit/banking/finance, environmental and renewable energy, IT, Telecommunication English, Management, SME/Rural development and a number of specialised and technical courses in the fields of governance, technology, pharmaceutical, mass communication etc. ITEC training in three fields of defence viz. Army, Navy and Air Force is provided to the defence personnel nominated by Ministry of National Defence of Cambodia in renowned defence institutions of India. ITEC training programme is demand driven and subjects selected are useful to the developing countries. Participants are encouraged to apply for the course that could enrich their knowledge and enhance skills in their area of work in their respective organisations. Training programmes not only empower participants with enhanced professional and technical skills but also prepare them for an increasingly globalised world by way of giving an opportunity to interact with the participants of many other countries. Visit of Cambodian nationals to India for the purpose of training under ITEC programme also provides them opportunity to explore India. Close cultural and religious linkages between India and several places of tourist attraction especially those related to Buddhism, which is the main religion of Cambodia, encourage and attract participants to visit India. For additional information and application, interested Cambodian nationals may visit ITEC portal https://www.itecgoi.in/index.php Adarsh Kumar Mishra AttachĂŠ ( ITEC & Education ) E-mail : itecembindia@online.co.kh

karksagsmtßPaBkñúgRbeTskm<úCa tamry³kmµviFIénkic©shRbtibtþikar bec©keTs nigesdækic©rbs; RbeTs\NÐa CamYyeKalbMNgedIm,IbegáItTMnak;TMng énPaBdUcKñaeTAelIcMNucKYr[kt;smÁal; nigPaBBwgEp¥k GaRs½y elIKñaeTAvijeTAmk EdlekItecjBIKMnit nigesckþIR)afñaEtmYy nigRKwHesdækic©rwgmaM raCrdæaPi)al\NÐa )anbegáItkmµviFIénkic©shRbtibtþikarbec©keTs nigesdækic©rbs;RbeTs\NÐa (ITEC) kñúgqñaM1964 CamYyrdæm®nþIénRksYgkarbreTs EdlmanraCrdæaPi)al\NÐaCardæm®nþItMNag. kmµviFI ITEC KWFnFan cm,gsRmab;kic©shRbtibtþikareTVPaKIy:agsMxan; b:uEnþkmµvIFIenH)anBRgIkbEnßmeTACakmµviFIén kic©shRbtibtþikarkñúgtMbn;BhuPaKI nigGnþrtMbn;pgEdr. zitenAeRkamkmµviFI ITEC RbeTscMnYn161 kñúgGasIu GaRhVik GWr:ubPaKxaglic GaemrikLaTIn xar:aebon rYmTaMgRbeTskñúgtMbn;)a:sIuhVik nigekaH tUc² RtÚv)anGeBa¢IjcUlrYmkñúgkarEckrMElknUvbTBiesaFn_énkarGPivDÆn_rbs;RbeTs\NÐaEdlTTYl )ankñúgry³eBlelIsBI60qñaMEdlRbeTs\NÐa)ankøayCaRbeTsÉkraCü. kmµviFI ITEC manrab;bBa©Úl karhVwkhat; (EpñksIuvil nig EpñkkarBar) kñúgRbeTs\NÐaEdlmanebkçCnBIRbeTsCaédKUrbs; ITEC skmµPaBTak;TgnwgKeRmag nigédKUKeRmagEdlmankarsikSaGMBIlTæPaBénPaBeCaKC½yénKeRmag nigesvaRbwkSaeyabl;GñktMNagénkarnaMecjrbs;\NÐa TsSnkic©sikSa GMeNayén]bkrN_Edl sMnUmBredayRbeTsCaédKUrbs; ITEC nigCMnYysRmab;se®gÁaHeRKaHmhnþray. RbeTskm<úCaCaRbeTsmYykñúgcMeNamRbeTscUlrYmsMxan;²kñúgkmµviFIhVwkhat;rbs; ITEC. bEnßm eTAelIkic©shRbtibtþikareTVPaKInigkmµviFICMnYy karksagsmtßPaBtamry³karbeRgón karhVwkhat; raCrdæaPi)al m®nþIÉkCn nig GñkCMnajénRbeTsCaédKUrbs; ITEC dUcCa RbeTskm<úCakñúgEpñkepSg² CaeRcInCacMNucsMxan;énkmµviFIhVwkhat;. knøgeTAenH manm®nþIExµrelIsBI1400nak; BIEpñksIuvil nig EpñkkarBar)anTTYlkarhVwkhat;kñúgRbeTs\NÐaeRkamkmµviFI ITEC. kMLúgb:unµanqñaMenHmankarekIn eLIgéncMNab;GarmµN_rbs;raCrdæaPi)alkm<úCa nigGgÁkarepSg²sRmab;karhVwkhat;m®nþIenAeRkam kmµviFIenH ehIycMnYnGñkcUlrYmerogral;qñaMmankarbnþekIneLIg. sRmab;Tinñn½yhirBaØvtßúqñaM 2017 2018fµI²enH man150kEnøg sRmab;karhVwkhat;m®nþIsIuvil nig11kEnøgsRmab;kgkarBarEdl)an EbgEckenAkñúgRbeTskm<úCa. 33

ziteRkamkmµviFI ITEC fñak;hVwkhat;ry³eBlxøI Bak;kNþal nigEvgeTAelImuxviC¢ad¾eRcIn nigFMTUlay enAkñúgEpñkCaeRcInEdleFVIeLIgedayviTüasßancMnYn300 EdlCakEnøgCMnajd¾l¥eTAtamEpñknImYy² CuMvijRbeTs\NÐa. tMbn;sMxan;²énkarhVwkhat;EdlmandUcCa KNenyü svnkmµ FnaKar hirBaØvtßú brisßannigfamBlEdlkekIteLIgvij Bt’manviTüa TUrKmnaKmn_ PasaGg;eKøs karRKb;RKg shRKasxñattUcnigkNþal karGPivDÆn_CnbT nigfñak;CMnajnigbec©keTskñúgEpñkrdæaPi)al bec©k viTüa »sfsaRsþ TMnak;TMngnigKmnaKmn_. l. kmµviFIhVwkhat; ITEC kñúgEpñkTaMgbIénkic©karBar dUcCaTahan kgkmøaMgnavanigGakas nwgpþl;CUneTAkan;EpñkkarBarénRksYgkic©karBarCatiEdl eRCIserIsedayrdæm®nþIkic©karBarCatirbs;RbeTskm<úCaeTAsikSaenAviTüasßanEdlTTYlsÁal;enARbeTs \NÐa. kmµviFIhVwkhat; ITEC CatRmÚvkarcaM)ac; nigmuxviC¢aeRCIserIsmansar³RbeyaCn_cMeBaHRbeTs kMBugGPivDÆ. GñkcUlrYmmankarelIkTwkcitþ[sikSafñak;EdlGacbegáIncMeNHdwg nigBRgwgCMnajkñúg kargareTAtamsßab½nBak;B½n§. kmµviFIhVwkhat; BuMRtwmEtCMrujGñkcUlrYmCamYyCMnaj nigbec©keTs c,as;las;enaHeT b:uEnþEfmTaMgerobcMBYkeK[rYcral;sRmab;BiPBelakénPavUbnIykmµd¾eCOnelOn tamry³karpþl;»kasedIm,ITMnak;TMngCamYyGñkcUlrYmdéTénRbeTsepSg²pgEdr. TsSnkic©énCnCatiExµreTAkan;RbeTs\NÐa sRmab;eKalbMNgénkarhVwkhat;eRkamkmµviFI ITEC nig EfmTaMgpþl;»kaskñúgkarTsSnaRbeTs\NÐa. tMNnigTMnak;TMngénvb,Fm’ nigsasnad¾Citsñitrvag RbeTs\NÐa nigkEnøgéntMbn;eTscrN_d¾Tak;Taj CaBiesstMbn;EdleKarBsasnaRBHBuT§ Edl Casasnacm,génCatiExµr )anCMruj nigTak;TajGñkcUlrYmmkTsSnaRbeTs\NÐa. sRmab;Bt’manbEnßm nig CnCatiExµrEdlcab;GarmµN_ sUmcUleTAkan;eKhTMB½renH https://www.itecgoi.in/index.php

Adarsh Kumar Mishra Attaché ( ITEC & Education ) E mail : itecemindia@online.co.kh

News in Pictures

India Cambodia friendly football match at Olympic Stadium on 22nd March 217.

Charge d'Affaires Mr Rajiv Kumar reading out Presidentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s message on 15th August 2017.

Lighting of Indian traditional lamp by Culture Minister HE Dr. Phoeurng Sackona during India@70 event.

Chan Sophorn, Cambodian artisit, attended ASEAN - India Artist Camp from 20th _ 29th September 2017.

Dr. S.C. Jamir Honâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ble Governer of Doisha was conferred Honorary Doctorate by University of Cambodia on 25th September 2017.

Embassy officials and members of Indian community took part in Cleanliness campaign at Freedom Park on 30th September 2017.

Mahabharata

BHIMA KILLS JARASANDHA Having convinced Yudhishthira duly, Krishna, Arjuna and Bhima set out for Magadha in the guise of Brahmanas. Crossing several barriers, forests and mountains, they reached Girivraja, the capital of Magadha. Just near this city was a high hill called Chaityaka. Here, Jarasandha’s father (Brihadratha) had killed a demon whose hide was used to prepare three war-drums. These drums, when beaten, produced a long fearful loud echo. Krishna and both the Pandavas destroyed these drums and attacked those living on the Chaityaka Hill. They did so to tease Jarasandha so that he might accept Bhima’s challenge for a duel. The Brahmanas living on the hill ran to the king and informed him of everything. It was taken as an ill omen for the king. So, advised by his priest, he started a yajna to avert the calamities that loomed large over him and his kingdom. Krishna, Arjuna and Bhima elbowed their way to the venue of the yajna and came face to face with the king. Believing them to be Brahmanas, Jarasandha got up to welcome them. Krishna then opened the talk and said to Jarasandha, “Your Majesty ! my companions are observing a silence-vow today. So, they will talk to you after mid-night only.” 36

“Okay ; go and take rest in the guest-house. I shall come to you after midnight only,” said the king and he made for his palace. After mid-night, Jarasandha came to the guest-house where Krishna, Bhima and Arjuna were staying. Offering his salutations to them, the king gazed at them very closely. Bhima and Arjuna blessed the king saying, “May you prosper in every way !” Then they offered him a seat and he sat down opposite them. As Jarasandha had grown suspicious, he said to the two Pandavas, “Disclose your identity and the purpose of your visit to my palace, please.” Now Krishna came forward and disclosed the identity of the Pandavas and also threw a challenge to the king. The king got red in amasement and anger and accepted the challenge. So, a day was fixed for the duel to begin. Bhima’s challenge had enraged Jarasandha. But exercising full control over his temper, Jarasandha said, “It is now quite clear that you are not Brahmanas but Kshatriyas. You destroyed Mount Chaityaka which is so sacred to me and my people. Then you broke the war-drums of my respected father. Reaching the venue of the yajna, you pretended to be observing a silence-vow. May I ask you to explain all these things like true Kshatriyas ?. “ Krishna replied, “Listen O King ! We didn’t accept your honour and pretended to observe a silence-vow as we were in the house of an enemy.’ “How are we enemies, after all ? I am at a loss to follow it. Be kind to elaborate it,” demanded Jarasandha. “You have captivated a large number of kings for no fault of theirs. We are also kings and have full sympathy with those innocent kings. Why shouldn’t we consider you our enemy, then ‘?’ ‘ explained Krishna. “I’ve captivated those kings after duly defeating them in pitched battles. As a victor, it is my right to treat them as I like. You are none the worse for it,” replied the king. “That is right to some extent. But you want to sacrifice them at the altar of Lord Rudra. Is it proper for a Kshatriya to do that ? Moreover, we have come to know that you want to captivate more kings to take the number of the imprisoned kings to one hundred and one. Who knows when you may make war on us too for that purpose ? So, isn’t it proper for us to deal with you just now as a matter of precaution ? That is why my companion has challenged you for a duel,” argued Krishna. “Which kingdom are you from and which are these two companions of yours from ?” questioned Jarasandha. Krishna told Jarasandha, “I am Krishna, king of Dwarka and your old enemy, the killer of your son-in-law who was my maternal uncle too. These two are 37

world-famous princes Bhima and Arjuna of Kuruvansha who have set up their capital of Indraprastha. We now ask you to accept one of the two options either release all the captivated kings and accept the overlordship of King Yudhishthira or face Bhima to die at his hands.’ “I appreciate your plain words and, as a Kshatriya, I accept the second option. Let me know whether Bhima would have a wrestling duel, a combat with swords or one with maces,” enquired Jarasandha. Bhima could not control himself to hear Jarasandha’s acceptance of the challenge and said, “Be ready for a wrestling bout, O King “Good Heavens ! I’m being challenged in my own capital.” Saying these words, Jarasandha pounced upon Bhima and both of them grappled with each other. The ferocious duel went on for thirteen days on end, but neither of them was showing any signs of fatigue. On the fourteenth day, Krishna, with a view to discouraging Jarasandha, addressed Bhima, “Your opponent looks very tired, O Valiant Pandava. Don’t attack him fatally otherwise he will be killed. Don’t use against him your divine power either which you have got from the wind-god.” It was indeed an indirect instruction to Bhima which meant—now or never. So, Bhima rushed at his opponent in full fury, lifted him above his head and flung him down with a thud. Krishna tore a leaf showing Bhima who at once followed what to do. He tore Jarasandha’s body from its middle joint, i.e. along the back-bone and threw the two parts apart, each on its own side. Bhima felt pleased at his achievement and turned to Krishna and Arjuna in joy. But when he looked back, he was terrified to see the two parts of Jarasandha’s 38

body drawing closer and joining again. Lo ! Jarasandha was standing there again ready to face him with his eyes emitting fire. Helplessly, Bhima looked at Krishna who gave him a clear-cut instruction now to tear Jarasandha again and throw the two parts, each in the opposite direction. To elaborate his instruction, Krishna tore a leaf and threw either of its parts in the opposite direction. Encouraged afresh, Bhima pounced on Jarasandha, flung him down, tore him off from the middle again and threw the right-hand piece to the lefthand side and the left-hand piece to the right-hand side. This time, the pieces did not move at all and mighty Jarasandha was no more. People of Jarasandha’s capital town were really frightened to see the feat of the mighty Pandava. Krishna and Arjuna embraced Bhima appreciating his glorious victory. Now, the victors entered Jarasandha’s palace where they were received by Sahadeva, Jarasandha’s son. He touched their feet and begged their pardon for what his father had done. Sahadeva praised Bhima for his immense prowess. But the modest Pandava attributed his success to Krishna only

mhaPart³

BHIMA

smøab; JARASANDHA

Yudhishthira eGayeCOCak; Krishna nig Arjuna nig Bhima )ankMNt; Magadha eGayEkøgCa Brahmanas enH. edayqøgkat;]bsKÁCaeRcIn dUcCaéRBeQI nigPñM BYkeK )aneTAdl; Girivraja EdlCardæFanIén Magadha. enAEk,rTIRkúgenH KWCaTYlx<s;mYyehAfa Chaityaka. enATIenH «Bukrbs; Jarasandha (Brihadratha) )ansmøab;GarkSEdllak;xøÜnrbs;Kat; edIm,IerobcMsÁrs®gÁam cMnYnbI. sÁrTaMgenH enAeBlEdleKvay )anbegáItsMelgeGkUxøaMgKYr[P½yxøac. Krishna nig Pandavas TaMgBIr )anbMpøajsÁrTaMgenH nig)anvayRbhareTAelIGñkEdlrs;enAelITYl Chaityaka. BYkeK)aneFVIdUecñHedIm,IeCrDWdgRbmaf Jarasandha edIm,I[Kat;GacTTYlykkarRbECgRbyuT§rbs; Bhima. Brahamanas Edlrs;enAelITYlenaH

)anrt;eTArkRBHmhakSRt ehIyCRmabRTg;BIGVI²TaMgGs;. vaRtÚv)ancat;TukfaCaRbfñÚlGaRkk;sRmab;RBHmhakSRt. dUecñH buBVCitrbs;Kat;)anRbwkSafa Kat;cab; Yajna edIm,IraraMg TukçevTnaEdlekItmaneLIgelIKat;; nignKrrbs;Kat;. Krishna Arjuna nig Bhima )anRtÜsRtaypøÚvrbs;BYkeK eTAkan; TIkEnøgrbs;yajna ehIy)anRbQmmuxnwgRBHmhakSRt. edayeCOfaBYkeKCa Brahmanas Jarasandha )an eRkakeLIg sVaKmn_BYkeK. eRkaymk Krishna )anebIkcab;epþIm niyayeTAkan; Jarasandha munfa {RBHkruNa¡ édKU ´kMBugRbtibtþiBaküsc©as¶at;es¶ómnaéf¶enH. ehtudUecñH BYkeKnwgniyayCamYyRTg;eRkayyb;GaRFaRtEtb:ueNÑaH. {RBHmhakSRt)anmanbnÞÚlfa} {yl;RBm¡ sUmeTA sRmak;enApÞHsMNak;cuH. ´nwgmkrkGñkenAeRkayeBlGaRFaRtEtb:ueNÑaH} ehIyKat;)aneFVIdMeNIeTAvaMgrbs;Kat;. bnÞab; BIBak;kNþalGaRFaRtmkelak Jarasandha )aneTApÞHsMNak;Edl Krishna nig Bhima nig Arjuna kMBugsñak;enA. eday)ansEmþgkarKYrsmmkBYkeK ehIyRBHmhakSRt)ansmøwgmk BYkeKy:agsñiT§sñal. Bhima nig Arjuna )anCUnBrRBHmhakSRtfa {sUm[RTg;)anrIkceRmInRKb;y:ag¡} rYcBYkeK)an[RTg;GgÁúy ehIyBYkeKGgÁúyTl;muxRTg;.

xN³eBlEdl Jarasandha ekInmnÞilsgS½y RTg;)anniyayeTAkan; Pandavas TaMgBIrnak;fa {sUmbgðajGtþ sBaØaNrbs;Gñk nigeKalbMNgénTsSnkic©rbs;Gñkmkkan;RBHbrmraCvaMgrbs;´}. \lUvenH Krishna )anecjmuxbgðaj BIGtþsBaØaNrbs; Pandavas ehIyk¾)andak;RbkYtCamYyRBHmhakSRt. RBHmhakSRt)aneRkveRkaFedayPJak;ep¥Il nwgkMhwg ehIy)anTTYlykkarRbECgenH. dUecñH éf¶mYyRtÚv)ankMNt;sRmab;karRbyuT§. bBaðaRbQmrbs; Bhima )an eFVI[RTg; Jarasandha pÞúHkMhwg. b:uEnþeday)anRKb;RKgGarmµN_Kat;)aneBjelj Jarasandha )anniyayfa {\LÚvenHvac,as;Nas;faGñkminEmnCa Brahmanas eT b:uEnþCa Kshatriyas. Gñk)anbMpøajtMbn;PñM Chaityaka EdlmanPaBBisidæsRmab;´ nigRbCaCnrbs;´. bnÞab;mkGñk)anbMEbksÁrs®gÁamrbs;«BukCaTIeKarBrbs;´. edayQandl; TIlanén Yajna GñkeFVIButCaGñksegátkarsc©aes¶óms¶at;. etI´GaceGayGñkBnül;GVI²TaMgGs;enHdUc Kshatriyas Bit)an Edrb¤eT}. Krishna )aneqøIytbfa {sUmsþab;¡ eyIgmin)anmankitþiys ehIyeFVIButGegátkarsc©aes¶óms¶at; BIeRBaHeyIg sßitenApÞHrbs;sRtÚv}. Jarasandha )anTamTarfa {eRkaymkenH eyIgkøayCasRtÚv nwgKñaedayrebobNa ? ´tammin Tan;eT. sUmmancitþTUlayBnül;bnþicmk}. Krishna )anBnül;fa {Gñk)ancab;bgçaMgesþcCaeRcInGgÁedayKµankMhusGVIeLIy. eyIgk¾Caesþc ehIymancitþGaNitGasUresþcEdlKµankMhusTaMgenaH. ehtuGVIeyIgminKYrcat;TukGñkCasRtÚvrbs;eyIg?}. {´)ancab;RBHmhakSRtTaMgenaH bnÞab;BI)anykQñHBYkeKkñúgsmrPUmi. kñúgnamCaGñkQñH vaCasiT§irbs;´ kñúgkareFVIGVIcMeBaHBYkeK tamEt´cUlcUlcitþ}. RBHmhakSRt)aneqøIyfa {KµanGñkNa mñak;EdlGaRkk;CagenHeT}. vaCaerOgRtwmRtÚvEtmankRmit. b:uEnþGñk cg;bUCaBYkeKenAGasn³énRBHGgÁm©as; Rudra . etIvasmRsbsRmab; Kshatriya eFVIdUecñHb¤eT? elIsBIenHeTAeTot eyIg)andwgfa Gñkcg;cab;RBHbEnßmeTot edIm,IykesþcEdlCab;KukcMnYnmYyrymYy. etInrNaeTAdwgfaeBl NaGñknwgeFVI sRgÁamCamYyeyIgpgEdrsRmab;eKalbMNgenaH? dUecñH etIvaminRtwmRtÚveTsRmab;eyIg kñúgkaredaHRsayCamYyGñk\LÚvenH edIm,ICakarRbúgRby½tñ? enaHehIyCamUlehtuEdlédKUrbs;´)an CRmújGñksRmab;karRbkYtmYy}. Jarasandha )ansYr fa {etIGñkmkBInKrNa ehIyédKUTaMgBIrrbs;GñkmkBINa?}. Krishna )anR)ab; Jarasandha fa {´KW Krishna Caesþc Dwarka nigsRtÚvcas;rbs;Gñk ehIyk¾CaGñksmøab;kUnRbsarEdlRtÚvCa«Bukmarbs;´pgEdr. TaMgBIrenHKWCaRBH GgÁm©as;d¾l,Il,ajeBj BiPBelak KW Bhima nig Arjuna énnKr Kuruvansha Edl)antaMgrdæFanIrbs;BYkeKenA Indraprastha}. {\LÚvenH eyIgesñIsuM[GñkTTYlCeRmIsmYyénCeRmIsTaMgBIrenH mYyedaHElgesþcEdlcab;)anTaMgGs; ehIyTTYleKarBesþc Yudhishthira b¤BIrRbQmmuxnwg Bhima edaysøab;enAédrbs;Kat;}. Jarasandha )anniyayfa {´sUm ekatsresIrcMeBaHBakürbs;Gñk ehIykñúgnamCa Kshatriya ´TTYlykCeRmIsTIBIr. sUm[´dwgfaetI Bhima RBm RbkYtcM)ab;RbyuT§edaydav b¤etµagEdk}. Bhima minGacRKb;RKgxøÜnÉgkñúgkarsþab;karTTYlykrbs; Jarasandha BIkarRbkYt)an ehIy)an niyayfa {cUreRtómxøÜnsRmab;karRbkYtcM)ab;eTARBHmhakSRt}. Bhima minGacRKb;RKgxøÜnÉg)aneBl)anlWkarRBmRbkYtrbs; Jarasandha ehIy)anniyayfa {sUmeRtomxøÜn sRmab;RbkYtcM)ab;enARBHGgÁm©as;. vaBitCazansYK’Emn ´RtUv)anRbECgRbkYtkñúgrdæFanIxøÜnÉg}. eRkay)anniyay BaküTaMgenH Jarasandha )anelatmkelI Bhima ehIiyGñkTaMg BIr)anvaytb;Kña. karRbkYtd¾kacsahav)anbnþry³eBl13Ef¶ b:uEnþKµannrNamñak;bgðajsBaØafaGs;kmøaMgenaHeT. edIm,IbM)ak;;Twkcitþdl; Jarasandha enAEf¶TI14 Krishna)anniyayeTA Bhimafa {EdKUrRbkYtrbs;Gñk emIleTABitCaGs;kmøaMgNas; O Valiant Pandava . sUmkuMvayKat;xøaMgeBk ebIminGBa©wgKat;Gacnwgsøab;}. {kuMeRbIkmøaMgeTvtarbs;RTg;Edl)anmkBIRBHxül;eLIy}. ehtudUecñH Bhima )anRbjab;Rbjal;eTArkKURbkYtKat;edaykMhwg eBjTI ehIy)anelIkeKdak;elIk,alrbs;Kat; ehIyTmøak;eKcuHmklWsUrkþúk. Krishna)anEhksøwkeQImYybgðaj ehIy Bhima )aneFVItamPøam. Kat;)anbMEbkxøÜn Jarasandha BIEpñk snøak;kNþalcMnYn39 ]TahrN_ BIq¥wgxñgCaBIr ehIy)ane)aHEpñkTaMgBIrq¶ayBIKña. BhimamanGarmµN_sb,ayrIkraycMeBaH eCaKC½yrbs;Kat; ehIy)angakeTArk Krishna nig Arjuna y:agsb,aycitþ. b:uEnþenAeBlEdlKat;emIlmkeRkayvij 41

Kat;manPaBP½yxøaceBlEdl)aneXIjEpñkTaMgBIrénragkayrbs; Jarasandha cUlmkkan;EtCitKña ehIyrYmKñamþgeTót. RBHCam©as;¡ Jarasandha QrenATIenaHCafµImþgeTót eRtómxøÜnedIm,IRbkYtedayEPñkeBareBjedayePøIg. edayCYymin)an Bhima emIlmk Krishna Edl)anpþl;karENnaMKat;enaH ehIyEhk JarasandhamþgeTót ehIye)aHEpñkrbs;va eTATisedAepSgKña. eday)anelIkTwkcitþ Bhima vayRbharelI Jarasandha edayeFVI[Kat;dYlcuHeRkam ehIyEhkEpñkkNþalmþgeTót ehIy)ane)aHcMENkxageqVgeTAxagsþaMéd. elIkenH bMENkenHminkeRmIkeTóteT ehIy Jarasandhak¾minmaneTóteLIy. RbCaBlrdækñúgrdæFanIrbs; Jarasandha BitCaP½yxøacxøaMgNas;eBlEdl)aneXIjkarykQñH rbs; Pandava d¾xøaMgkøa. Krishna nig Arjuna )an»b BhimaGbGrsaTrcMeBaHC½yCMnHd¾rugerÓgrbs;Kat;. eBlenHGñkQñH)ancUlRBHraCvaMgrbs; Jarasandha EdlCakEnøgEdlBYkeKRtUvTTYleday Sahadeva Edl CakUnRbusrbs; Jarasandha. elak)anBal;eCIgrbs;BYkeK ehIyGgVrsuMeTasBYkeKcMeBaHGVIEdl«BukRTg;)aneFVI. Sahadeva )ansresIr Bhima nUvPaBbiunRbsBVmhimarrbs;Kat;. b:uEnþ Pandava )anRbKl;eCaKC½y rbs;Kat;cMeBaH Krishna Etb:ueNñaH.

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