The Daily Wildcat 09.9.15

INSIDE: Politicians’ tweets can have serious repercussions P14

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THE DAILY WILDCAT WEDNESDAY-THURSDAY SEPTEMBER 9-10, 2015 DAILYWILDCAT.COM

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The desert can soon become dessert with the help of a few environmental experts

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Undergrad in critical condition after hit and run in Euclid crosswalk P2

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News

September 9-10, 2015 • Page 2 Editor: Meghan Fernandez

news@wildcat.arizona.edu News Tips: (520) 621-3193 twitter.com/dailywildcat

UA student hospitalized after hit and run collision

THE DAILY WILDCAT VOLUME 109 • ISSUE 7

Editor in Chief Jessie Webster Digital Managing Editor Alicia Vega Production Managing Editor Katelyn Kennon Print News Editor Meghan Fernandez Online News Editor Christianna Silva Print Sports Editor Ezra Amacher

One of the four students involved in the hit and run collision that occurred on Saturday, Sept. 6 remains hospitalized and a GoFundMe page has been set up for her BY lauren renteria The Daily Wildcat

Four UA students were sent to the hospital after sustaining injuries in a hitand-run collision Saturday evening.

Five students were waiting to cross the intersection of Euclid Avenue and Sixth Street. The students began walking after traffic stopped in the curbside lane when a driver hit four of the five pedestrians in the crosswalk.

The hit and run occurred close to where the city of Tucson is constructing a lighted crosswalk for bicycle and pedestrian safety at Fifth Street and Euclid Avenue, adjacent to the Coronado Residence Hall.

One student was reportedly in life-threatening condition, two were in serious condition

and one student sustained minor injuries following the hit and run.

Three of the four students were released from the hospital shortly after being admitted, but Alyssa Belder, an undergraduate student, still remains at Banner— Health University Medical Center Tucson under critical care with life-threatening injuries.

According to her GoFundMe page that was set up over the weekend, Belder spent at least 24 hours in a medically-induced coma and was diagnosed with head trauma and a fractured pelvis. She also has other undiagnosed injuries.

The driver, identified by the Tucson Police Department as Gerald D. Taylor, 45, sped off after the collision, but was later found

at a local Wal-Mart on the northwest side of Tucson, near Wetmore Road, said Pete Dugan, media relations sergeant at TPD. Upon arrival at the WalMart, Dugan said Taylor called emergency response crew and turned himself into the authorities.

Taylor reportedly had three children in the vehicle with him during the time of the incident.

“It appears that alcohol and speed seems to have been a factor in the collision,” Dugan said.

UA President Ann Weaver Hart released a statement regarding the incident on the university’s official Facebook page Sunday afternoon.

“We all hurt when tragedy strikes the Wildcat family and it is especially painful when several students are

involved. The thoughts and best wishes of all of us are with our students injured in yesterday’s incident and with their families,” Hart said in the statement.

She went on to thank the emergency medical staff and police officers for quickly responding to the situation.

“We hope for a complete recovery for all and their swift return to campus,” Hart said in the statement.

Taylor is currently in custody at the Pima County Jail and has been charged with DUI, aggravated assault, child abuse, felony endangerment and leaving the scene of a serious injury accident.

— Follow Lauren Renteria @lauren_renteria

Online Arts & Life Editor Brenna Bailey Opinions Editor Hailey Dickson Photo Editor Alex McIntyre Assistant Photo Editor Tom Price Design Chief Annie Dickman Alexander Angeles Thea Van Gorp Audrey Molloy Kristine Bruune-Andersen Paul Barlyn Emma Jackson Justice Amarillas Renia Morrison Kristen Paine Nicholas Smallwood Victoria Teplitz

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Sports Reporters Justin Spears Kyle Hansen Seth Pines Ivan Leonard Brandon James Ryan Kelapire

Cars drive through a crosswalk on Euclid Avenue just south of Sixth Street on Thursday, Sept. 3. The hit and run collision Saturday, Sept. 5, in which four UA students were struck, was close to where the new lighted crosswalk is being constructed.

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The Daily Wildcat • 3

News • September 9-10, 2015

Consent by the numbers The Red Zone refers to the first six weeks of the new school year, in which the number of sexual assaults on campus is at its highest BY lauren renteria The Daily Wildcat

Last year, Arizona lawmakers had their own form of the “Yes Means Yes” law that was previously adopted by California institutions.

According to the Phoenix New Times, the law would require Arizona students of both public and private universities to define sexual consent as “ ... informed and freely given words or actions that indicate a willingness to participate in mutually agreed on sexual activity.” Silence and a lack of resistance would not be considered consent.

While this new law redefines what sexual consent is, it does away with the gray area when defining sexual consent. It also brings into question why this law was necessary, especially considering it is now the Red Zone, where the number of campus sexual assaults are the highest during this time period.

UA Campus Health Service defines nonverbal sexual consent as: mutual removal of clothing, active participation in behaviors, mutual touching/caressing, eye contact, responding to touch, moving toward partner and placing hands where partners would like to be touched.

Campus Health defines nonverbal communication that does not signify

consent as when partners stop responding or touching, hold their arms tight against their bodies, turn their heads away, avoid eye contact, hide their faces, push partners away, remove partners’ hands or try to get up or roll over.

With this new law, those under the influence of alcohol or drugs are not able to consent, and sexual consent could be retracted at any time during a sexual experience.

Questions as to why this law was necessary among college students brings attention to statistics of rape and sexual assault.

Center released campus sexual assault information earlier this year stating:

9

out of 10 victims of sexual assault, among college women, knew the person who sexually assaulted them. percent of college women have experienced some form of unwanted sexual contact. percent of colleges and universities reported not investigating a single sexual assault in the previous five years. percent of colleges and universities offered no training on sexual assault to students nor to law enforcement officers. percent of the victims of rape and sexual assault are female, and nine percent are male. to ten percent account for false reporting.

27 40 30 91 Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Dail 2 Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Dail 70 Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Dail Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona

In a special report released in December 2014, the Bureau of Justice Statistics from the U.S. Department of Justice found: For both college students and nonstudents, the offender was known to the victim in about 80 percent of rape and sexual assault victimizations.

Rape and sexual assault victimizations of students (80 percent) were more likely than nonstudent victimizations (67 percent) to go unreported to police.

Student victims (12 percent) were more likely than nonstudent victims (five percent) to state that the incident was not important enough to report.

Daily Wildcat Daily Wildcat Daily Wildcat Daily Wildcat Daily Wildcat Daily Wildcat

Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Don ’t

percent of colleges and universities did not have a protocol for working with local law enforcement.

Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona — Follow Lauren Renteria @lauren_renteria

The National Sexual Violence Resource

Daily Wildcat Daily Wildcat Daily Wildcat Daily Wildcat Daily Wildcat Daily Wildcat

Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona

Graphc by Jessie Webster

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News • September 9-10, 2015

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symptomless, many STDs may still remain dormant in the body. Hamilton said the best advice she can give is urging students to get tested when they can. If not, at least wear a condom, she said.

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Regarding testing, Hamilton said some students have trouble coming to terms with the reality of sexual health.

“It is the frequent flyer that I worry about—those that don’t use protection,” Hamilton said. “I always tell students to put a condom on it. For some people, it really comes down to wishful thinking. Hope is not a good method for prevention. If people think they have something, get tested.”

While some might continue to remain

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choose to get tested. With only about 28 percent of the student population going in for a regular check up, it is difficult to get the full picture of how many students might actually be infected.

Connor Linko, a criminal justice freshman, gave his opinion on the current statistics given by Campus Health.

“It’s kind of scary,” Linko said. “I think that people should probably be more protective about sex.”

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Campus Health Service is located in the Highland Commons. Results from a Campus Health Service survey from spring 2015 asked students questions about sexual activity. The results indicated that there isn’t as much sexual activity on campus as previously thought.

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As the student population changes at the UA, the statistics representing Wildcat sexual activity change as well.

According to Lee Ann Hamilton, assistant director of Health Promotion and Preventative Services, this spring Campus Health Services asked 1,946 random undergraduates to answer an overall health survey that included questions regarding sexual activity, as well as alcohol and drug use.

Slight changes were reported from this year’s survey. In the 2014-2015 survey, also conducted in the spring, the average age for first sexual encounters was recorded at 16.7. This year’s survey reflected a smaller number, declining to 16.1.

When asked about engaging in vaginal or anal intercourse, 74 percent of students reported having either one or zero partners within the past year, according to the survey.

Hamilton explained the negative correlation between sexual intercourse and student population at the UA. “What we get out of this is confirmation that, yes, there are some students that are sexually active,” Hamilton said. “However, the majority of students have either not been with anyone or just one person within the last year. There really is an overperception of how much sexual activity happens on campus.”

Chlamydia, gonorrhea and herpes continue to be the three main sexually transmitted infections among sexual relationships at the UA. Even though cases of gonorrhea have slightly increased, overall numbers have not fluctuated much, according to the survey.

Another statistic, according to the survey, reported that even while 68 percent of the surveyed population admits to regular use of condoms, one out of two individuals will contract an STD before the age of 25.

However, the number of STD cases on campus are calculated by students who

News • September 9-10, 2015

POLICE BEAT Compiled BY Meghan Fernandez

Not the china!

A University of Arizona Police Department officer responded to Colonia de la Paz Residence Hall regarding the smell of marijuana from one of the rooms.

After arriving at the residence hall, the officer met with two people from the room, one of whom was the resident and the other a visitor. The officer asked the male resident if he could enter the room, and at first the resident was hesitant, but then agreed to let the officer inside his room.

The officer could smell burnt marijuana in the dorm room and asked the resident why the room smelled like marijuana. The resident told the officer he had a medical marijuana card and presented it to the officer. He then informed the officer he had smoked marijuana not too long ago.

The resident gave the officer permission to search his side of the room. The officer found a glass piece to a pipe in his dresser that had an odor of marijuana. He admitted to having previously smoked marijuana in it and told the officer that the rest of the pipe was in a different drawer of the dresser.

The officer searched the other drawer and found the rest of the pipe, which also smelled of burnt marijuana.

The officer also picked up a backpack, which the resident said was his, but he also said he didn’t want the officer to search it. The officer could see a box inside the backpack and asked the resident what was inside. The resident responded, “Just a very expensive piece of glass.”

The resident gave the officer permission to open the box.

After opening the box, the officer discovered a piece of glass that appeared to be pipe or a bong and smaller pieces for a bong, all of which smelled of burnt marijuana. The officer asked the resident what the glass piece was, and he said it was a “glass balloon animal.” One of the glass pieces was shaped like a dog.

The officer also noticed a miniature fridge in the room, which the resident said was his, adding that there was alcohol in it. The officer checked the fridge and found a half-empty bottle of gin, which he took, along with the drug paraphernalia.

Toilet bowling A UA student was issued a diversion for underage drinking after vomiting in the bathroom of the Arizona-Sonora Residence Hall.

A University of Arizona Police Department officer arrived at one of the bathrooms in the residence hall after a report was dispatched for medical assistance. There he saw a male student on the floor of the bathroom stall, leaning against a toilet with vomit on his shirt. The student had bloodshot eyes and his speech was slurred.

Respondents from UA Emergency Medical Services and the Tucson Fire Department evaluated the student and asked him what he drank that night. The student replied, “Vodka.”

EMS helped the student walk back to his dorm room because he needed help getting off the floor.

The officer informed the student it was illegal to drink underage and then explained that he could be given a criminal citation or sent to the UA diversion program. The student said he would rather do the UA diversion program.

The Daily Wildcat • 5

6 • The Daily Wildcat

News • September 9-10, 2015

Body Smart Discussion: THE POWER OF PORNOGRAPHY Wednesday, 9/16 @ 5-6:15pm at UA Campus Health.

(3rd Floor, SW corner, Room B307) FREE! Snacks provided.

Call (520) 621-4550 for more info.

Rethink Your Drink You need plenty of fluids to stay hydrated in Tucson, right? But many beverages have more sugar (aka calories) than we might think or need. “Drink It” choices below will keep you energized, hydrated, and provide some needed nutrition.

“Re-Think It” choices are those that may have some good things going if used moderately or at the right time, but otherwise provide A LOT of calories that are just not worth it. Also, sugar creates inflammatory processes in your body that, over time, can affect your health. Adjust habits now to feel great, manage weight, and set yourself up for a long, healthy life.

DRINK IT: • Water – Your body needs and loves it!

• Tea (unsweetened)– Hot or iced.

Contains healthful antioxidants.

• Milk (low fat/no fat) – Provides protein, calcium, vitamin D, phosphorous, and B-vitamins.

• Non-Dairy “milks” (soy, almond, rice, cashew, etc.) – Similar to cow’s milk above, but with less protein (check soy milk labels for those higher in protein with 7-8 grams). Choose those fortified with calcium and other nutrients.

• Coffee – Yes, growing evidence indicates health benefits when drunk in

moderation, black and/or with 1-2 T of a natural milk/milk substitute.

RETHINK IT: • Soda, Lemonade, Juice “Drinks” – 12 oz. contains 140-180 calories (7-9 teaspoons of inflammatory sugars).

• Fruit juices – 12 oz., while having some nutrients, contain 165 calories. If you aren’t paying attention, this can add up. Eating the fruit itself has more nutrients and far less calories.

• Chocolate milk (all types) – The goodness of the milks listed above, but with added sugar.

• Sugary coffee drinks (frappuccinos, mochas, tea lattes, syrup-added anything) – Some of these have the calories of small meals. Even your usual grande mocha frappuccino is about 275 calories (15 teaspoons of sugar... yikes!). Drink less often and adjust the size, or go more basic without the sweeteners.

• Sports drinks – They have a purpose when you are exercising hard or for over 60 minutes, not for basic hydration.

At 7.5 calories per ounce (generally), a 20 oz. bottle is 150 calories you don’t need... unless you are exercising long and/or hard. Really. Drink water.

NutriNews is written by Gale Welter Coleman, MS, RDN, CSSD, and Sarah Marrs, RDN, Nutrition Counselors at the UA Campus Health Service.

Food and nutrition services (including healthy eating, cooking skills, weight management, digestive problems, hormonal and cardiovascular diseases, and eating disorders) are offered year-round at Campus Health. Call (520) 621-6483 to make an appointment.

www.health.arizona.edu

Courtney Talak/The Daily Wildcat

The James E. Rogers College of Law, located on Speedway Boulevard and Mountain Avenue, recently added the Global Mining Center. The college ranked No. 20 in the country and No. 1 in Arizona for practical training this summer, according to a National Jurist report.

Global mining law center opens at UA BY sebastian laguna

The Daily Wildcat

This year, there will be a new addition to the UA James E. Rogers College of Law and the Lowell Institute for Mineral Resources: the new Global Mining Law Center.

The Global Mining Law Center will create new research while looking to establish a productive dialogue on the issues currently facing the natural resource law and global mining programs.

The dean of the College of Law, Marc Miller, said that the UA “is the first academic institution with a global mining center of this magnitude.”

The center will be mainly focused on combining the expertise of the UA School of Mines and Metallurgy and the College of Law in order to educate students on the ways in which the two areas can be intertwined and often rely upon one another in the real world.

“You spend years trying to get up to speed on a lot of issues, and you waste years simply because you’re not exposed to them,” said John Lacy, the director of the Global Mining Law Center.

Lacy plans to solve this issue within the Global Mining Law Center.

“What we’ve essentially done is compress 40 years of experience into one year of instruction,” Lacy said.

According to the College of Law, the Global Mining Law Center began its degree and non-degree training programs in August. Some of the options available to students are master’s degrees with a Mining Law and Policy focus for an LLM or an LMS. The center also has options for

concentrations and certificates in Mining Law and Policy as part of the JD degree.

Part of the center’s goal is to make its resources more available. It is exploring ways to integrate its material more completely online as a result. Currently, courses in the master’s degree programs are being offered both in-residence and online.

“We are reforming some of the materials to meet the law school requirements and get them in proper shape for presenters,” Lacy said. “One of the biggest challenges has been to gather and organize the material to create the infrastructure of the program.”

Lacy said the program is designed as an international course. She said the center plans to bring in students from South America and Asia who can work on the program through online courses.

“As an international center, the Global Mining Law Center will allow us to build a broad partnership to handle many issues,” said Mary Poulton, director of the Lowell Institute for Mineral Resources at the UA. Lacy has a positive outlook for the new college and is excited to get started.

“Ultimately we came to a critical mass, and we decided that we needed to formalize with Marc Miller’s recognition of the need to educate lawyers on these issues,” Lacy said. “We were able to find a way to collaborate with the College of Law.”

— Follow Sebastian Laguna @slaguna18

Science

September 9-10, 2015 • The Daily Wildcat • 7

Editor: Patrick O'Connor science@dailywildcat.com (520) 621-2956 twitter.com/dailywildcat

Did you know? Arizona Athletics gives out great prizes to randomly chosen members of the ZonaZoo in the fourth quarter for staying the whole football game. (from Greg Byrne’s Wildcat Wednesday)

Tailgating Tips Courtesy of Indi Samarajiva / Creative Commons

This Week in Science

BY Varuska patni

The Daily Wildcat

Ecology A new study indicates a steady pattern for predators and prey. Although predators rely on prey for food, increasing prey doesn’t necessarily mean increasing the number of predators. The analysis for this study is in the journal Science, and uses data from over 1,000 previous animal studies in over 1,500 areas worldwide.

Dr. Ian A. Hatton, a biologist from McGill University, first compared with his team herbivores and carnivores from varying ecosystems in Africa, such as the Kalahari and the Serengeti. Astonished, the team actually found a steady trend— the amount of predators did not increase as quickly as prey, and these population differences appeared predictable and formulaic.

The team delved further into ecosystems in North America, Southeast Asia and other places around the world to examine forests, lakes, oceans, grasslands and even observe smaller organisms like algae and zooplankton.

“Even little zooplankton that eat phytoplankton show the same structural pattern,” Hatton said in an interview with

The New York Times.

It turns out that crowded areas have less prey, since resources are limited.

Also, predators usually focus on the old or the young, limiting the amount of food available. This steady pattern can help scientists more closely watch ecosystems and other endangered species. It is especially useful in finding out the amount of a particular species an area is supposed to have.

Technology Scientists are developing a new treatment to help end motion sickness within five to 10 years. Research from Imperial College London published in the journal Neurology illustrates that having a small electrical current on an individual’s scalp can affect responses in the region of the brain that processes motion signals. In this way, the brain is not as affected by the confusing inputs it receives. The technique is both safe and effective, and meant to be accessible for the general public sometime in the future.

“You would temporarily attach small electrodes to your scalp before traveling,”

Science, 8

Tailgating: A tailgate party is a social event held on and around the open tailgate of a vehicle. Tailgating, which originated in the United States, often involves socializing, eating and drinking.

Not all students drink alcohol at tailgates, but if you choose to, follow these simple tips to ensure that you make it to the football game to cheer on the Wildcats!

• Eat. Before, during and after consuming alcohol. Food helps to dilute alcohol in the stomach and slows the absorption of alcohol into the small intestines, meaning you have a better chance of staying in your sweet spot (usually a BAC of 0.05 or under).

• Drink Water. Alcohol is a diuretic, which is why when you’re drinking you may have to pee often. This can cause dehydration, a common cause of headaches and hangovers.

• Pace Yourself. Drinking too much alcohol, too fast, can kill you. It can

also lead to blackouts, which prevent you from remembering your experience. In 2014, 57% of UA students report alternating with non-alcoholic beverages.1 • Choose beer instead of liquor. Beer has less alcohol by volume, which can encourage pacing and help you enjoy every aspect of the tailgate and game. UA tailgate policy only allows for beer and wine anyway!

• Designate a Driver. 90% of UA students reported having a designated driver when they drink.1 Be sure you have a sober driver to get you home after celebrating Wildcat wins!

• Wear Sunscreen. We all know the Tucson sun can be brutal!

Sunscreen can help prevent sunburn, and even heat exhaustion.

Wearing your favorite red and blue hat can also help protect you from harmful rays and help keep you cool.

• Bear Down!

1.2014 UA Health & Wellness Survey, (n = 1,941)

Got a question about alcohol? Email it to redcup@email.arizona.edu

www.health.arizona.edu

The Red Cup Q&A is written by Lynn Reyes, LCSW, LISAC, David Salafsky, MPH, Lee Ann Hamilton, MA, CHES, and Spencer Gorin, RN, and Christiana Clauson, MPH, in the Health Promotion and Preventive Services (HPPS) department of the UA Campus Health Service.

8 • The Daily Wildcat

Science • September 9-10, 2015

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said Dr. Qadeer Arshad in an Imperial College press release. Volunteers of this study had electrodes on their heads for about 10 minutes and then sat on a motorized rotating chair that tilts to mimic similar motions that make people feel queasy on roller coasters and cruise ships. The volunteers felt less nauseous and had recovered more quickly after the treatment .

Professor Michael Gresty , who is also from Imperial College and collaborated on the study, stated in the same press release that the effective motion sickness treatments that currently exist are tablets that make people feel drowsy, which could be fine for short trips.

However, for people who work on cruise ships, for example, it becomes difficult to cope with motion sickness while working. Thus, he claims that with “no apparent side effects,” the new treatment has benefits that closely resemble the effects seen “with the best travel sickness medications available.” Additionally, the currents in this device are small enough that harmful effects from short term use are unlikely .

Scientists have already begun talking to industrial partners about the device. The military specifically expressed interest in their work since the device could help people who manage drones using a visual interface that can cause nausea. Based on evidence from other studies, Arshad claims that the brain is stimulated in a manner that improves concentration and attention .

Psychology Researchers from University of Oxford, Harvard Medical School and University of Nevada have found that the start times of schools and universities are hurting students’ health and learning.

The authors of the study claim that start times should be 8:30 a.m. or after at 10 years old , 10 a.m. or after at 16 years old , and 11 a.m. or after at 18 years old . Having later start times prevents students from falling into chronic sleep deprivation, which can ultimately lead to health issues and bad learning habits.

The finding stems from the circadian rhythm, or body clock, and the genes that help regulate this cycle every 25 hours.

During adolescence, the difference between the average working day and inherent circadian rhythm becomes more prominent. It is the circadian rhythms that create the best hours for working and concentrating , but in adolescence, these hours become about three hours later.

Thus, when the researchers were finding start times that allowed for optimal health and learning, these genetic changes that affect sleep patterns were taken into account.

The U.S. Department of Health has already published an article to promote changing what time school begins for both high school and middle school

students.

Health Obese and overweight adults are often advised to exercise in order to improve their overall health. However, over 50 percent do not do so. A new research study at University of Colorado, Boulder, indicates that taking vitamin C regularly can give cardiovascular benefits similar to daily exercise in these adults. This research will be discussed at the 14th International Conference on Endothelin: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Therapeutics.

In these adults, blood vessels have greater activity of the small vesselconstricting protein endothelin (ET)-1 . This greater activity level means the vessels are more vulnerable to shrinking and cannot respond as efficiently to blood flow demand, which could lead to vascular diseases in the future. Exercise helps lower ET-1 activit y; however, maintaining consistency in exercising is often difficult with a busy schedule.

The study tested if vitamin C, which enhances vessel function, could also help reduce ET-1 activity. The research team determined that taking vitamin C regularly does indeed lower ET-1 activity about as much as walking would. The scientists believe that vitamin C could be a beneficial supplement to lower ET-1 levels in these adults and could help their overall lifestyle since exercising daily may be difficult with a tight schedule.

Biology Nose picking, as it turns out, is more common in monkeys than one may think.

For the very first time, researchers claim seeing a wild capuchin monkey picking its teeth and nose using a tool.

Michael Haslam from University of Oxford witnessed an adult, female bearded capuchin around northeastern Brazil continuously try for five minutes to place a twig into its nostril . Haslam and his colleague, Tiago Falótico, reported in July in the journal Primates that the capuchin also tried rubbing sticks in a back and forth motion against its teeth, perhaps to remove any debris. They further observed that after using the tool for its teeth or nose, the monkey would lick the tip of the tool, possibly to clean it.

These bearded capuchins are known to be resourceful , especially in opening nuts to find insects or even collecting honey. It was not until recently that they were seen using a tool for their noses or teeth.

— Follow Varuska Patni @ DailyWildcat

The Daily Wildcat • 9

Science • September 9-10, 2015

UA scientists sterilize food with plants

BY KIMERLIE WANG

The Daily Wildcat

Sadhana Ravishankar, a UA associate professor for the School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, received a $2.9 million grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture to help improve the safety and quality of farm-to-fork organic leafy greens through the use of natural sanitizers.

Ravishankar is testing plant extracts, essential oils and their active components for their bactericidal effects. Common household items like lemongrass, cinnamon, olives and oregano are among the ingredients that Ravishankar and her team are working with.

Post-harvest sanitation for leafy greens is an important step because these products are often consumed raw and hardly go through any heating process to kill the bacteria that may be present. The USDA estimates that 48 million illnesses and 3,000 deaths occur each year in the U.S. due to eating contaminated foods.

According to Ravishankar, the organic food industry is limited in the type and amount of chemicals it can use to sanitize its products. Currently, manufacturers are using peroxyacetic acid, hydrogen peroxide or low levels of chlorine for the sanitization process.

Spectral Instruments Imaging, a Tucsonbased company, has provided the technology needed to capture the bactericidal effects of the natural sanitizers. By taking bioluminescent images, researchers are able to see the reduction of bacteria like Salmonella enterica or E. coli on the leafy greens after treatment.

“I am excited about using the latest in imaging technology to understand this process,” said Govindaraj Dev Kumar, an animal and comparative biomedical sciences postdoctoral research associate working with Ravishankar.

Ravishankar explained that there are many benefits to using the natural sanitizers as opposed to chemical sanitizers. For example, it takes approximately three to five days after sanitization for the fresh produce to reach the consumer. Therefore, it is beneficial that the natural sanitizer continues to kill the bacteria during storage.

TOM PRICE/THE DAILY WILDCAT

LETTUCE SITS in the display case at Core+ in Park Student Union. As the restaurant offers salad as its main fare, lettuce plays a large part in the restaurant’s business.

“The natural sanitizers are not only strong bactericidal agents, but they are also effective in storage,” Ravishankar said. “Chlorine and hydrogen peroxide only have a one-time killing effect on the microorganisms; you will not get any more increased reduction. But the plant compounds continue to act in storage, so they have residual activity. We are focusing on sampling not only immediately after treatment, but also at day one or day three, and so on.”

Because these are natural compounds, the essential oils and extracts are biodegradable, as opposed to chlorine. Chlorine can react with organic matter and form potentially carcinogenic compounds like trihalomethanes.

Ravishankar found that the efficacy of natural sanitizers may not be affected by organic matter.

“If you have a dump tank filled with chlorine

and you add your leafy greens, the efficacy goes down, and you have to continuously add more chlorine,” Ravishankar explained. “But with the natural sanitizers, you can recycle the wash water. We did five different washes treating five to seven kilograms of leafy greens at a time. We have seen that, even after five washes, these plant-based sanitizers are equally as effective, and no bacteria was found in the wash water.”

The plant-based compounds are also applicable in meat products. The USDA recommends heating the geometric cold center of ground meat to at least 71.1 degrees Celsius. However, the periphery of the meat can reach temperatures as high as 200 degrees Celsius and create carcinogenic compounds.

“When we add these plant-based compounds and then grill the meat, it will kill the E. coli bacteria found in meat, and thus

you can reduce the temperature needed to kill the bacteria, which lowers the production of carcinogens,” Ravishankar said.

Additionally, the natural sanitizers have health benefits due to their anti-oxidative activity and can reduce the occurrence of cancer, diabetes and high cholesterol.

The next step for Ravishankar and her team is to create a protocol for the sensory attributes that the plant extracts and essential oils have on the leafy greens. Within the next few months, she hopes to gather a panel of participants to smell and taste the leafy greens to see if they enjoy the flavor.

WHAT ARE YOU DOING TONIGHT?

— Follow Kimerlie Wang @kw_sciwildcat

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The Daily Wildcat • 10

Science • September 9-10, 2015

Flying into the physics of Frisbees

BY Elizabeth Hannah The Daily Wildcat

Despite popular belief, Ultimate Frisbee is not simply a game for dogs. Athletes around the world have long recognized Ultimate as a bona fide athletic event, one that combines elements of football and soccer into a distinctive new sport.

This August, the International Olympic Committee joined the ranks of Ultimate Frisbee proponents by officially recognizing the World Flying Disc Federation. The IOC’s recognition of Ultimate Frisbee’s governing body could eventually lead to the inclusion of Ultimate in the Olympic games.

In light of the IOC’s decision to recognize the WFDF, the time is ripe to dive into the sport science behind Ultimate Frisbee.

Given the unique aerodynamics of a flying disc, physics plays a critical role in the game of Ultimate. Incremental changes in the angle at which a Frisbee disc is thrown dramatically affect its flight path. Minute increases in wind speed can cause a Frisbee disc to fly 20 yards farther than it would in the absence of wind, and tiny shifts in wind direction can send one sailing in the direction opposite to where the thrower intended.

The flight path of a Frisbee disc can be simulated using mathematical models based on coefficients corresponding to aerodynamic forces. Among the forces acting on a Frisbee disc, the two most significant are drag and lift.

Since a disc rotates as it flies through the air, mathematical simulations of Frisbee disc flight paths must also account for parameters like torque and angular momentum.

There is a small but growing body of work regarding the physics of Frisbee disc flight paths, much of which centers upon defining relevant coefficient values.

Most of the work completed to date, however, assumes that each and every Frisbee disc flies in the same way. It ignores differences between brands of discs–differences that are immediately apparent even to the casual Ultimate Frisbee player.

Tom McClintock, a physics graduate student at the UA, set out to fill the gaps in the current body of Frisbee disc literature.

Unlike previous research, McClintock focused on modeling the differences between different brands of flying discs.

“My project is to quantitatively differentiate between Frisbees,” McClintock said. “People have studied Frisbees for a few decades now, but really the amount of analysis has been pretty light. People quote coefficients for these Frisbees as if they’re the same, when obviously they’re not. Anyone who throws a Wham-O knows that it flies completely differently than a Discraft disc.”

It’s not just McClintock that sees a difference.

“The weight distribution of the two discs are supremely different,” said Zack Erlick, the president of UA Men’s Ultimate Frisbee club.

“The lips of Wham-O’s are way thicker and longer [than Discraft’s], which changes the

Courtesy of Zach Erlick

Zach Erlick, the president of Sunburn Ultimate at the UA, foreground, plays a game of ultimate frisbee.

grip and inevitably impacts the way the disc is thrown.”

McClintock, whose work centers on computational modeling, used synthetic data to model the flight paths of different types of discs. By entering this data into his analysis software, McClintock was able to visually recreate each flight path on a computer. Still, McClintock has a long way to go before he can call his research complete.

“I’ve done all the theory and analysis work [behind modeling the different flight paths],” McClintock said. “But what I don’t have is hard data from actual trajectories. … I

created data that mimics a throw because the challenges to acquiring real data are limited by the equipment at hand. What I really need is tracking devices or good cameras.”

If sports scientists can successfully model subtle differences between Frisbee discs, McClintock believes that Ultimate Frisbee players will be able to perfect the motion of their throws.

“If you can definitively pin down how a Frisbee [disc] works, that lets you go backwards and understand arm mechanics and throwing techniques,” he explained.

Better understanding these mechanics

could help Ultimate Frisbee players minimize their risk of injury and maximize their ability to throw discs.

While research into the physics of Frisbee flight paths continues to grow and evolve, Ultimate players will be able to toss discs harder, faster and farther than before. As Ultimate players improve their skills, the rest of the world should start preparing for an exciting Olympics.

— Follow Elizabeth Hannah @ehannah10

The Daily Wildcat • 11

Science • September 9-10, 2015

downtown | central | east

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COURTESY OF PROZKOUMAT!

Parasites near Prague UA students spend 10 weeks in the Czech Republic studying parasitology

BY CONNIE TRAN

The Daily Wildcat

Prozkoumat! is a group research program directed by Dr. Carol Bender that sends UA students to the Institute of Parasitology at the Czech Academy of Sciences to conduct research on parasitology. The program began last school year and culminated in a group research trip during the summer.

This year’s trip consisted of 10 students.

Thanks to a grant from the National Institutes of Health, students did not have to pay much out of pocket and even received a travel stipend to be used as they wished.

“I wanted a study abroad program that would fit with my major,” said Nadine Peinovich, a biology senior. “[Prozkoumat!] was perfect, and it was even better that we had an NIH grant that paid for most of the trip.”

The NIH grant will end in December, which may mean that students in the program this year and beyond may have to pay for some of the trip.

Prior to traveling to the Czech Republic, the students had to take two required classes to ensure their success abroad. Bender taught one class, called Preparation for International Research Experience (MCB 396j). The other, This Wormy World (VSC 195d), was a onecredit colloquium taught by Charles Sterling and was a brief introduction to parasitology.

“When you go to do research in another country, you want to feel very secure with your science, because everything else around you is going to be different,” Bender said. “Sometimes the language, the culture, how things are done, the customs—all of that is new, and you want students to have the security of knowing something about the research that they’re going to do.”

For Ernesto Hernandez, a senior studying molecular and cellular biology and neuroscience and cognitive science, venturing into the unknown was the appeal of the

program.

“You get to experience a whole new culture— not just a social culture, but a lab culture as well,” Hernandez said.

Hernandez was also interested in studying parasitology, a field he said was new to him.

Bender, who traveled with the students, is the director of Prozkoumat! as well as other research programs such as the Undergraduate Biology Research Program and Biomedical Research Abroad: Vistas Open, or BRAVO! The BRAVO! program is similar to Prozkoumat! However, it sends individual students to different countries to conduct research, whereas Prozkoumat! sent a group of 10 students to one country.

In addition, BRAVO! students are required to have six months of research before applying whereas Prozkoumat! students do not require any prior research experience.

Bender was especially interested in seeing how a group dynamic would change the experience for students.

“I’ve always been curious to see if students learn more both culturally and scientifically with [the BRAVO!] model versus with a group model,” Bender said.

While in the Czech Republic, students lived in graduate housing together and traveled to different areas during weekends. At one point in time, they traveled to a blacksmith and spent the day learning how to make nails.

“That was definitely one of the top experiences while I was there, just because I don’t think it’s something I could do with such ease in the states because of safety regulations,” Hernandez said. “That was really, really neat— to be able to get some white-hot iron and to strike it on the anvil.”

— Follow Connie Tran @urgirlconnie

Photography by Jade Beall

PROZKOUMAT! STUDENTS talk with a professor of sociology at the Institute of Parasitology in the Czech Republic. The professor brought foods that reappeared in the country after it declared itself a democracy following the communist period.

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The Iranian nuclear deal — officially known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, signed in Vienna on July 14th, approved unanimously by the UN Security Counsel on July 20th, and currently being reviewed in Congress — initiates a new era in terms of Iran’s potential as a nuclear power, its relationship with the international community, and especially its relations with its regional neighbors.

Three UA experts will explain the scientific, diplomatic and regional complexities involved in this transformational agreement. Will the transformations this agreement initiates be positive or negative?

As America’s elected officials examine this agreement, this panel will offer clear explanations of the key elements in the deal and the potential consequences of its implementation.

The panel will be moderated by Joaquin Ruiz, Dean of the College of Science, and J. Edward Wright, Director of Judaic Studies.

Participants:

Prof. Philip A. Pinto, Professor of Astronomy and Physics, College of Science Prof. Faten Ghosn, Associate Professor of Government and Public Policy, College of Social and Behavioral Sciences Prof. Asher Susser, Professor of Modern Israel Studies, College of Social and Behavioral Sciences

Questions? Call (520) 626-5758 or visit us at judaic.arizona.edu/IranAgreement

The Daily Wildcat • 13

12 • The Daily Wildcat

Taste the desert this Saturday

BY CHEYNE WHITE The Daily Wildcat

Come taste the desert on Saturday, Sept. 12 , at the Cooper Center for Environmental Learning’s first-ever Prickly Pear Party and Mesquite Pod Milling event. People of all ages are welcome to attend, and the best part: it’s free.

From 8 a.m. to noon , the Center will offer a variety of demonstrations and hands-on learning experiences that focus on making use of two of the Sonoran desert’s most overlooked natural resources: mesquite pods and prickly pear cacti fruits. Often found on city streets, as well as in public places and even backyards, fruits and mesquite pods abundant here in the Sonoran desert hold benefits very few people utilize.

At the Prickly Pear Party, the Desert Harvesters organization will provide lessons in safely picking out mesquite bean pods and milling them into flour. They will also host activities that involve

learning about safely harvesting prickly pear fruits from cacti and processing them into syrups and jellies. Visitors who bring their own empty containers to the event are welcome to take some of the processed syrup and jellies home.

Located at 5403 W. Trails End Rd., the Cooper Center for Environmental Learning, formerly known as Camp Cooper, has provided unique desert learning experiences for nearly 50 years.

For the last seven years they have been in a partnership with the Tucson Unified School District and the UA College of Education, hoping to educate young students on basic ecological concepts and the impact that humans have on desert resources.

“It’s really to deepen their connection to the Sonoran Desert and the earth,” said Dr. Sanlyn Buxner, an assistant research professor for the College of Education, who is helping to organize the event.

Recently, the Cooper Center has been looking to expand its

goals of outreach and education to a broader audience. The Prickly Pear Party and Mesquite Pod Milling event, which is the first of its kind, is what the center hopes will be one of many community outreach events open to people of all ages—from the center’s traditionally younger audience, to families, UA students and the Tucson community.

“One of our goals … [is] trying to expand and take environmental learning to a place where it is something we can do with all ages,” said Colin Waite, the director of the Cooper Center for Environmental Learning. “We want to provide opportunities for people to go out into the desert and learn about the desert in a fun and interactive way.”

In addition to the demonstration and activities, refreshments will be available for purchase with cash or check only. The Big Skye Bakery will provide snacks and baked goods made from mesquite flour, which guests are welcome to come and try. The Small Planet

Bakery will also be present, and they will be serving pastries that are made from all-natural organic ingredients. Finally, Tucson’s own mobile beverage cart, Prest, will be there to offer drinks that can be infused with the prickly pear syrups obtained from the demonstrations. Prickly pear and mesquite products will also be available for purchase at the event.

The event will be taking place outside in the desert, so attendees are encouraged to plan accordingly. Remember to bring plenty of water, and wear hats and sunscreen for protection.

“It’s really an opportunity for people to come out and interact with the desert in a different way,” Waite said.

Visit the Cooper Center’s website for further information, or contact Sanlyn Buxner at buxner@email.arizona.edu or at 520-626-1825 with questions regarding the event.

— Follow Cheyne White @cheynemwhite

COURTESY OF ALEX MCINTYRE

OPinions

September 9-10, 2015 • Page 14 Editor: Hailey Aileen Dickson opinion@wildcat.arizona.edu (520) 621-3192 twitter.com/dailywildcat

Sex work legitimate for students

BY Nick havey

The Daily Wildcat

C

ollege is hard and cold like a stripper pole. That people often turn to one to pay for tuition, housing and increasing student fees is not surprising.

The classical cliche of “putting myself through [insert schooling here]” by working at a club, escorting or performing in porn exists for a reason, especially in today’s more sex-positive society. And although we, as a society, are more sexpositive, there exists a degrading and toxic stigma surrounding sex work in general, with the layman disrespecting sex workers of all types, even though Pornhub and other sites report that around 50 million Americans view porn regularly.

Thankfully Pornhub, one of the Internet’s most trafficked porn sites with an average of 60 million unique visitors per day, has recognized the plight of people seeking education and is totally on-board with using the porn industries’ multi-billion dollar annual revenues to help out.

According to Corey Price, vice president of marketing for Pornhub, in an interview with Mic News, “The Pornhub Cares Scholarship is for that deserving student who has demonstrated a combination of academic achievement and community leadership, who is interested in making the world a better place. We want to provide

for future innovators and leaders, and this is a step in that direction.”

The application form requires a GPA of 3.2 or higher and encourages creativity— there is even a video option (although it does not have to be X rated!)

While the $25,000 would undoubtedly help to mitigate some of the stress and cost associated with attending an institution of higher education, the scholarship also points out the difficulty many sex workers experience in merely existing in a shockingly puritanical society.

Pornhub isn’t the first company to offer this kind of scholarship.

Rentboy.com offers a $1,500 scholarship to male sex workers, and a group of pornstars led

by Mercedes Carrera, working in conjunction with The Fine Young Capitalists, have created a fund to sponsor STEM students with money raised through a donation-based cam show.

The Cash4Class scholarship, according to Rentboy.com, is being offered “as part of [the company’s] commitment to redefine the stigma associated with sex work, and encourage their men to think about

The Daily Wildcat Editorial Policy Daily Wildcat staff editorials represent the official opinion of the Daily Wildcat staff, which is determined at staff editorial meetings. Columns, cartoons, online comments and letters to the editors represent the opinion of their author and do not represent the opinion of the Daily Wildcat.

“

long-term career paths outside of the sex industry.” The theme of the essay is “Why Going to School is a Part of Achieving My Dream” and is increasingly relevant given the recent raid on Rentboy’s offices.

With their CEO and many employees in custody following a raid of the site’s offices under suspicion of engaging in thinly veiled prostitution, the need for decriminalization of sex work has never been more pressing.

People are engaging in sex work as a career. As a massive portion of the population is consuming the products of their labor, they should not be penalized, incarcerated or forever blackballed from non-sex industry jobs. Many industry veterans have stated that it is nearly impossible to be taken seriously outside the industry because people will always recognize you and make things weird.

“Today’s escorts and porn stars may become tomorrow’s programmers, lawyers and innovators who will take the adult industry into the next generation of apps, cams and provider/client verification software,”said Rentboy COO Hawk Kinkaid in a press release. “But this isn’t about the adult industry educating its own cohort

...[I]t is estimated that one in five students consider participating in some form of sex work to pay for schooling and that 5 percent actually do engage in it.”

contact us |

group. The fact of the matter is that large numbers of students are already turning to sex work to help pay for tuition, room and board and long-term student loan bills.”

Long story short: a ton of people consume porn and other forms of sex work, and someone has to produce it.

While Pornhub’s initiative is marketed toward students (who don’t have to be sex workers), it is estimated that one in five students consider participating in some form of sex work to pay for schooling and that 5 percent actually do engage in it.

In the case of Belle Knox, Duke University’s most infamous co-ed, her involvement in porn was lucrative. Even though many students at Duke enjoyed it, she has since faced aggressive harassment and shaming.

Attitudes toward sex and rampant cultural incentives to slut shame aren’t going to change overnight. Philanthropic donations from the sex industry—like Pornhub’s 2012 $30,000 donation to Susan G. Komen Breast cancer foundation to “Save the Boobies,” which was rejected— aren’t going to magically stop being “dirty money” to the masses. But maybe, just maybe, a scholarship from a porn website might be able to get a load off (your back, financially) while simultaneously providing legitimacy to an industry that almost everyone participates in.

— Nick Havey is a junior studying physiology and Spanish.

Follow him @nihavey

The Daily Wildcat accepts original, unpublished letters from all of its readers

•

Email letters to: letters@wildcat.arizona.edu

•

Snail mail to: 615 N. Park Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719

•

Letters should include name, connection to university (year, major, etc.) and contact information

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Letters should be no longer than 350 words and should refrain from personal attacks

The Daily Wildcat • 15

Opinions • September 9-10, 2015

Politicians’ tweets deleted unjustly

BY Maddie Pickens The Daily Wildcat

U

.S. Army Soldier Bowe Bergdahl was released from captivity as part of a prisoner exchange with a Taliban-affiliated group on May 31, 2014.

Rep. Jim Renacci promptly tweeted, “So glad to hear that Sgt. Bowe Bergdahl is coming home safely. He’s a true American hero.” Renacci’s words were echoed on Twitter by two other congressmen and an aspiring Iowa senator.

However, as the media began

API—application program interface— which prevented the service from continuing to archive the tweets.

Twitter shut down the remaining Politwoops sites in over 27 countries in August, along with sister site Diplotwoops, which monitored tweets from diplomats around the world.

In moving forward with the shutdown, Twitter cited violations of its terms of service, which prohibit the public display of deleted content.

The Open State Foundation, the organization that runs the sites, published a press release that included a statement from Twitter executives.

The executives reminded the OSF to “imagine how nerve-wracking— terrifying, even—tweeting would be if it

investigating the circumstances of Bergdahl’s disappearance and capture, the question arose as to whether he was a “true American hero” after all when it was revealed that he had deserted his unit prior to being captured.

All four of the supportive tweets were deleted merely three days after they were posted.

The ability to go back, read and report on those deleted tweets stems from a service called Politwoops, which archived tweets by politicians and monitored the ones that had been deleted. The service allows for greater transparency by elected officials and monitors when they go back on their word.

In May, Twitter banned the U.S. version of Politwoops from access to their

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The argument of the OSF, along with 17 other human rights and transparency groups that signed an open letter to Twitter, however, is that what politicians say should be a matter of public record, and that, more importantly, transparency in politics should not be juxtaposed with privacy.

The OSF’s director, Arjan El Fassed, said, “What politicians say in public should be available to anyone. This is not about typos, but it is a unique insight on how messages from elected politicians can change without notice.”

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16 • The Daily Wildcat

September 9-10, 2015 • Opinions

Private prisons don’t meet standards BY cooper temple The Daily Wildcat

W

hether through law troubles involving the infamous Sheriff Joe Arpaio or profiling laws that garner national attention, Arizona has consistently remained controversial when it comes to issues dealing with police and prisons. Recently, a prison riot at the privately managed Arizona State Prison in Kingman prompted outcries for reform and shed light onto the many inadequacies of private prison companies.

In early July a riot broke out at the state prison in Kingman, which caused injury to seven inmates and nine prison staffers and forced the evacuation of more than 1,000 prisoners. Over the course of the following days, several more conflicts broke out in separate wings of the facility, causing Gov. Doug Ducey to order an investigation of Management & Training Corporation, the company that operates the prison and other private prisons in the state.

The incident in July, though, is not isolated but rather part of a long history of problems that occur at privately owned prisons. The past five years at the Kingman prison alone have seen an inmate’s death after severe beating and sexual harassment, and the escape of three prisoners who subsequently murdered two people in New Mexico.

Now, the culmination of these problems and the recent investigation of the

Twitter

from page 15

This insight is incredibly important. After all, politicians have certainly reaped the benefits of social media. Entire campaign strategies revolve around the effective targeting of tweets to model a particular image.

However, this becomes extremely dangerous when it’s a one-way street. As long as politicians utilize the power of the Internet to amplify their message, they should remain accountable for that message.

Viputheshwar Sitaraman, a sophomore studying

Kingman facility have forced Ducey to sever the Kingman contract with MTC—despite continuing to do business with them at another private prison in Arizona.

The riots and recent inquiries have exposed the egregious issues and blatant mismanagement on behalf of the oversight company which was referred to in the report as having “a culture of disorganization, disengagement and disregard” when it comes to following state standards.

Furthermore, the corporation was accused of ignoring “fundamental inmate management and security principles” in the 116-page Department of Corrections Report. Even more disturbing, though, is the fact that more than one-third of the problems found during this investigation mirror issues discovered during an examination of the prison five years ago— meaning MTC failed to solve institutional problems exposed during the last controversy.

Yet, despite the continued problems, Ducey has decided, according to The Arizona Republic, to offer the nearly $70 million contract in Kingman to the

“

highest bidder, ensuring another private company will soon own and operate the facility. And, despite claims from proponents, privately managed prisons have not been shown to be more costeffective than public ones. In fact, studies by the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics have shown that private prisons may actually be more expensive than public ones, owing to the fact that a disproportionate number of inmates have been sent to private prisons because they cost less to house.

According to Corrections Connection Network News, “a 2005 study found that Arizona’s public facilities were seven times more likely to house violent offenders and three times more likely to house those convicted of more serious offenses.”

Rather than cutting costs, private prisons simply house the cheapest, least violent inmates—yet they still suffer from large riots and escapees. Additionally, the report found that inmates weren’t targeting each other in the riots, but rather the staff, signifying “that the riots were more likely precipitated by inmate dissatisfaction with MTC’s operation of the prison than by anger among the

Whenever you create multiyear contracts with very little oversight, you are inviting profitmaking institutions to cut corners.”

— Dr. Michael Polawski,

UA criminology professor

marketers, have recognized molecular and cellular and utilized the power of this biology and the co-founder big data. The problem is that of new social media startup, when any chunk of this data KorkBoard, agrees. disappears, it “As much begins to lose its as Twitter is a As long as significance.” social media politicians It’s also platform, it’s also utilize the power important to note an incredibly that Twitter— large data set of of the Internet and social media 140-characterto amplify their at large—has long ideas message, they allowed citizens organized in a should remain worldwide to sophisticated accountable for that take social and network of political action. accounts and message.”

This is a hashtags,” branding that Sitaraman Twitter is all too happy said. “A wide variety to accept. For example, of professionals, from Twitter executives publicly epidemiologists to media

“

inmates themselves.”

Instead of making the decision that would cut costs, ensure more proper management of the prison system and provide a greater sense of public safety, Ducey is not only reselling the Kingman contract but has also chosen to increase the number of private prison beds by 2,000.

Dr. Michael Polakowski, a criminology professor at the UA, is one of many opposed to private prisons.

“Whenever you create multi-year contracts with very little oversight, you are inviting profit-making institutions to cut corners,” he said. “So, the existing contracts are not sustainable. This does not mean that we could not do a better job of writing contracts with specific goals in mind and holding the private contractors accountable to these goals.”

Dr. Polakowski is right; private prisons are unsustainable. Because their primary goal is profit, they follow regulations grudgingly and disregard others completely. After the escape of the three prisoners in 2010, The Arizona Republic reported, “it took eight months and a formal threat by [Corrections Director Charles] Ryan to terminate MTC’s contract before the company shored up security to the department’s satisfaction at Kingman.”

As long as the state government continues to allow this type of mismanagement to occur without serious consequences, private prisons will remain dangerous and prone to conflict.

— Cooper Temple is a junior studying Economics and Middle East and North African Studies. Follow him @DailyWildcat

acknowledged their role in the Arab Spring when citizens planned protests and spread political news through social media.

It’s hypocritical, then, for Twitter to remove a similar feature, solely to keep politicians comfortable.

They shouldn’t be comfortable. They should be accountable, and without services like Politwoops and Diplotwoops, they may never need to take responsibility for what they post online.

— Maddie Pickens is an economics sophomore. Follow her @maddieclaire149

The Daily Wildcat

Sports

September 9-10, 2015 • Page 17 Editor: Ezra Amacher sports@dailywildcat.com (520) 621-2956 twitter.com/dailywildcat

Rough start for Pac-12, Big Ten

BY Noah Sonnet

The Daily Wildcat

The 2015-2016 college football season is expected to be one of the most enertaining to date. After week one, that belief hasn’t faded.

Instead, it’s given us a clear look at what to expect this year. Be it struggling powerhouses, overrated teams or an underwhelming start from the Pac-12 Conference, here are some top takeaways from week one in college football.

3. The Big Ten blunder It seemed last year the Big Ten Conference was up for the weakest conference of the year award, as team after team came up short in games that mattered the most and even in games they should’ve won.

In only the first week of the college season, the Big Ten took a step backward compared to the other Power Five conferences.

Some of the conference’s powerhouses, such as Wisconsin, Minnesota, Nebraska and Michigan, lost, while Penn State, Purdue and nearly Indiana fell victim to lesser opponents.

Clearly, the Big Ten hasn’t changed since last year. Ohio State and Michigan State are still the cream of the crop, and Penn State, Michigan, Nebraska and even Wisconsin still have too many unanswered questions heading into

the bulk of the season.

We know the Buckeyes and Spartans will compete for a national title, but what will the rest of the conference be competing for come mid-season?

2. Wins come on the field, not in the rankings When the Big 12 Conference’s top teams took the field last weekend, we expected to see two potential playoff contenders light up the scoreboards and ultimately bring us closer to the Nov. 27 matchup between the two.

Instead, we saw TCU play a weak Minnesota team to the wire, and Baylor struggle against SMU for most of the game.

Granted, Baylor scored 56 points and the offense looked impressive, but its defense was a mess and allowed SMU to have nearly 400 total yards of offensive. That’s against SMU. How would the Bears’ defense fair against teams like Oklahoma, TCU and West Virginia?

On the other hand, TCU, a team that most believe will compete for the title, had no look of a national contender as potential Heisman candidate Trevone Boykin struggled throughout the game.

Both teams’ coaches need to get their players’ focus off the poll rankings and on to playing the games.

Rebecca Noble/The Daily Wildcat

UA cheerleaders run Arizona flags around the field before the Wildcats’ first football game of the season against UTSA at Arizona Stadium on Thursday, Sept. 3.

1. West Coast headaches The talk of the West Coast this offseason was the depth of talented teams in the Pac-12. But after a tough opening week, it looks like the Pac-12 might not be as deep as originally thought.

Top teams like UCLA, USC and Oregon won convincingly as other conference members suffered huge loses.

Washington struggled for most of its game against Boise State, only to work its way back before losing on a

missed field goal.

Rival Washington State put on the worst conference performance and lost to Portland State, while Colorado fell to Hawaii in a game where it trailed right from the opening kickoff.

Let’s not forget Stanford and ASU, who both lost games against unranked opponents.

Stanford scored just six points against Northwestern, which had no businesses being in the fourth quarter, let alone the game.

As for the Sun Devils, they played Texas A&M at a neutral site that was basically a home atmosphere for the Aggies. Texas A&M’s defense halted ASU in its tracks, taking the momentum for nearly the entire game.

Similar to the Big Ten, the Pac-12 has talented teams at the top, but plenty of leaks near the bottom.

— Follow Noah Sonnet @texaslad32

Volleyball on pace to match lofty goals

BY Brandon James The Daily Wildcat

With the loss of many senior leaders and the addition of multiple transfer students such as Nikki Attea, McKenna Painton and Mackenzie Kleespies, many questioned how the No. 16 ranked Arizona volleyball team would start the season.

Even UA volleyball head coach Dave Rubio expressed his concern earlier in the year, anxious at how the new group would perform together and how the freshman and transfer students would handle wearing the Wildcat uniform in a game situation for the first time.

Rubio’s worries faded after a dominant performance in Dallas at the SMU Invite, where the Wildcats won all three of their

matches.

The most impressive win came against SMU, a team that finished 26-6 a year ago and had five starters return.

The Wildcats carried their momentum into the Arizona Invitational last weekend, where they defeated South Dakota, Florida A&M and Cal State Northridge.

The Wildcats are now 6-0 and ranked No. 13 in the nation after remarkably dropping just one set in their six matches. Not everything has come easy, though.

The score of the SMU match was tied 1-1 and the Mustangs were up 23-18 in a decisive third set. It seemed as though Arizona would fall to 2-1 in sets and be in danger of losing the match, but the Wildcats came together to win the third set and eventually the match.

The Arizona Invitational also provided challenges for the Wildcats.

Arizona once again showed it could play in tough situations in its home opener in McKale Center. South Dakota looked as though it would take the second set after going ahead 23-22, but the Wildcats again stepped up and won three points in a row to steal the set.

Rubio said he wanted to see how his team would perform and respond to the tight, tough, pressure situations to prepare for Pac-12 Conference play. Twice already this season, they have stepped up and shown they can handle and play well when it is most important.

It is inevitable that when playing ranked Pac-12 teams like No. 3 Stanford, No. 6 USC, No. 10 ASU and No. 12 Oregon, that the

Wildcats will find themselves in close games and tough situations.

The Wildcats have shown they can handle the pressure and seem to be ready for even more elevated competition in the Pac-12, which starts Sept. 24 against rival ASU. Rubio said he is looking for his team to continue progressing, and said that the ultimate goal is to compete in the Final Four and win a national championship.

So far, at 6-0 and only having dropped one set through six matches, Arizona could get there if it continues to play up to its potential against the steep Pac-12 competition.

— Follow Brandon James @brandojames57

18 • The Daily Wildcat

Sports • September 9-10, 2015

News and notes: UA ranked, ASU not

BY KYLE HANSEN

The Daily Wildcat

Arizona holds steady in new rankings Arizona held firm in the latest AP Top 25 Poll and Coaches Poll that were released Tuesday.

Arizona is ranked No. 20 in the Coaches Poll, which is a two-spot jump from last week, while they remain No. 22 in the AP poll for the second consecutive week.

The Pac-12 Conference saw two teams drop from the top 25 polls as another joined the rankings for the first time this season.

ASU, which was ranked No. 15 in the country, lost its opening game to Texas A&M 38-17, which dropped the Sun Devils out of the top 25.

Stanford was No. 21 last week, but after being upset 16-6 by Northwestern, the Cardinal also fell out of the ranks. Both of these teams will see Arizona later on in the season.

Utah pulled off a solid victory against Michigan and earned itself the No. 24 ranking in the AP poll and No. 25 in the Coaches Poll.

Oregon, USC and UCLA all remained in the top 25 as each team pulled off impressive home opening victories. UCLA is No. 13 in both polls while Oregon and USC are ranked No. 7 and No. 8 in the AP, and No. 5 and No. 10 in the Coaches Poll, respectively.

Injuries plague Pac-12 As every Arizona fan has probably heard 20 times, Scooby Wright III sustained a lateral

meniscus tear in his left knee against UTSA on Thursday.

The good news is that head coach Rich Rodriguez says Wright will hopefully be back in three to four weeks. His return will come just as the Wildcats are thrust into Pac-12 play.

Oregon quarterback Vernon Adams was impressive in his debut for the Ducks but was knocked out of the game when he suffered a hit to the head from Eastern Washington’s John Kreifels in the fourth quarter.

Adams’ availability was in question for Saturday’s upcoming matchup with Michigan State. However, according to ESPN, Adams looks like he will be able to suit up for the Ducks this week.

UCLA defensive lineman Eddie Vanderdoes was lost for the season when he injured his knee during a 34-16 victory over Virginia. The Bruins, who have one of the toughest defenses in college football, will sorely miss Vanderdoes as they continue to compete in the rugged Pac12 South.

REBECCA NOBLE/THE DAILY WILDCAT

Defensive improvement The Wildcats will need their defense to step up while Wright remains sidelined. They made a couple of huge plays against UTSA, but Rodriguez said they will need to improve in other areas as well.

Haden Gregory will step into the middle linebacker role to cover for Wright.

The Wildcats will travel to Reno, Nevada, Saturday for a matchup with Nevada. Last

Bike 101:

ARIZONA LINEBACKER Scooby Wright III (33) emerges from the locker room alongside his teammates during the Wildcats’ season opener against UTSA on Thursday, Sept. 3. Wright was injured in the first quarter of the game.

season, the Wildcats defeated the Wolfpack 3528 in Tucson. The Wildcats yielded 507 yards in that victory and will need to be prepared for their first road test of the season.

UTSA surprised the Wildcats and dominated defense last week. The defensive unit will need to prevent the Wolfpack from controlling the

tempo if Arizona wishes to avoid another close call.

— Follow Kyle Hansen @k_hansen42

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Soccer’s 5-0 start best in UA history

BY RYAN KELAPIRE

The Daily Wildcat

T

his year’s women’s soccer team is making an early case to be the program’s best team of all time.

After the UA won both games in last weekend’s Sun Devil Desert Classic , they are now 5-0 to start the season, marking the best start in program history.

Arizona women’s soccer is not a traditional powerhouse by any means.

In fact, the program has had just four winning seasons since its inaugural season in 1994 .

Arizona’s overall record is 140-236-32.

That’s a .377 win percentage.

There haven’t been many good soccer teams at the UA, so the current team is already a threat to become one of the program’s best. The 2004 Wildcats, who finished the year with 15 victories and a share of the then Pac-10 title, are currently far and away the program’s pinnacle team. It was the program’s first and only time winning the conference.

They were also the first ranked team in program history and ascended as high as No. 15 in the NSCAA Coaches Poll.

Naturally, the ’04 team featured some of the best players in program history; the team had three All-Pac-10 players that year.

Mallory Miller, who is atop the all-time list in points and assists, was the most notable player on the team. In addition, the roster also included Candice Wilks, who is No. 3 on the school’s all-time points list with 57 , and All-Pac-10 honorable mention McCall Smith, who leads the program in numerous goalkeeping categories, including an incredible 20 career shutouts and a goals against average of just 0.84.

Defense on the ’04 team only gave up 210 shots and 11 goals all season. It also had a goals against average of .52 and 11 shutouts. Those are all program records.

The ’04 Wildcats were obviously dominant, but the current team may be even better.

The Wildcats had their best start in school history at 4-0 in 2004 , but the ’15 team has already beaten that with a 5-0 start, including wins over Santa Clara and San Diego State, two formidable teams.

The current team also has the same type of star power. Gabi Stoian already has four goals this season and 17 in her career. That puts the sophomore in a tie for No. 6 on the Wildcats’ all-time list.

Stoian had 13 goals last season in her freshman year, which puts her on pace to score 52 goals over four years. At that rate, she will absolutely shatter Miller’s

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ARIZONA’S GABI STOIAN (9) battles for possession with Oregon’s Shanelle Simien (18) on Sunday, Oct. 5, 2014.

career goal total of 32 .

Aside from Stoian, this season’s team also has junior midfielder Jaden DeGracie, who has been one of the program’s best passers. DeGracie is already tied for No. 2 on Arizona’s alltime list with 14 career assists. Miller is No. 1 with 19 , but DeGracie should have no trouble topping that number.

Stoian and DeGracie are undoubtedly two of the best players in program history, but it’s not just their excellence that has resulted in the 5-0 start. The offense and defense, as a whole, are playing at an incredibly high level as well.

Through five games, the UA is averaging a blistering 17.6 shots and 2.8 goals per game. The defense has been suffocating, holding teams to just six shots per game and giving up just one goal . Its .200 goals against average is the ninth-best average in the nation.

Freshmen goalies Lainey Burdett and Rachel Estopare have more than held their own despite their inexperience.

The team is well-rounded, and the record-breaking start has been impressive, but it still has a long way to go and a list of things to accomplish before surpassing the 2004 team.

As well as the Wildcats have played this season, it would be unreasonable to expect them to continue playing at this high of a level, especially given how tough the Pac-12 Conference is.

However, this is a special group of players with a real opportunity to become the best team in program history. Wins against two ranked teams in Texas Tech and Pepperdine during this weekend’s Arizona Cats Classic would help their case.

— Follow Ryan Kelapire @RKelapireUA

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Sports • September 9-10, 2015

20 • The Daily Wildcat

Sports • September 9-10, 2015

STAFF PICKS The Daily Wildcat sports staff writers make bold predictions about the upcoming NFL season.

BY ROSS OLSON

The Daily Wildcat

AFC East: New England Patriots AFC North: Pittsburgh Steelers AFC South: Indianapolis Colts AFC West: San Diego Chargers NFC East: Dallas Cowboys NFC North: Green Bay Packers NFC South: Atlanta Falcons NFC West: Seattle Seahawks AFC Conference Champion: Indianapolis Colts NFC Conference Champion: Seattle Seahawks NFL MVP: Jimmy Graham Super Bowl: Seattle Seahawks 31, Indianapolis Colts 27

After a heartbreaking loss in the Super Bowl a season ago, the Seattle Seahawks have the right tools to rebound in 2015.

The Seahawks are bringing back virtually the same extraordinary defense that has gotten them to the Super Bowl two years in a row.

On the offensive side of the ball, Seattle traded for one of the game’s top tight ends in Jimmy Graham, added veteran running back Fred Jackson and drafted speedster receiver/return man Tyler Lockett. Despite playing in a tough division, look for Seattle to make it back to the Super Bowl for a third straight year.

— Follow Ross Olson @RossOlsonUA

BY MATT WALL

The Daily Wildcat

AFC East: New England Patriots AFC North: Baltimore Ravens AFC South: Indianapolis Colts AFC West: Denver Broncos NFC East: Philadelphia Eagles NFC North: Green Bay Packers NFC South: New Orleans Saints NFC West: Arizona Cardinals AFC Conference Champion: New England Patriots NFC Conference Champion: Arizona Cardinals NFL MVP: Carson Palmer Super Bowl: Arizona Cardinals 31, New England Patriots 28 Some may call me bold, but my NFL Super Bowl pick this year will be the Arizona Cardinals. Am I favoring my hometown team? Absolutely.

But ever since my father offered me a television in my room if the Cardinals won the Super Bowl, I’ve had hope.

You may call me a dreamer. But Palmer has probably one good season left in him, and Larry Fitzgerald will always be on point. Cardinals will win this year, you mark my words.

— Follow Matt Wall @MWall20

BY RYAN KELAPIRE

BY CHRIS DEAK

The Daily Wildcat

AFC East: New England Patriots AFC North: Baltimore Ravens AFC West: Denver Broncos AFC South: Indianapolis Colts NFC East: Philadelphia Eagles NFC North: Green Bay Packers NFC West: Seattle Seahawks NFC South: Atlanta Falcons AFC Conference Champion: Indianapolis Colts NFC Conference Champion: Seattle Seahawks NFL MVP: Andrew Luck Super Bowl: Seahawks 28, Colts 24 I have the Seahawks making their third Super Bowl appearance in a row and winning their second title in three years. Other than the Packers, the NFC doesn’t really have another team that is a legitimate threat to Seattle. The Seahawks’ defense will continue to be elite, and the addition of Jimmy Graham should make for a much more potent offense. That makes Seattle the most complete team in the league, in my opinion, so it’d be difficult for me to pick someone other than them to win it all.

The Daily Wildcat

AFC East: New England Patriots AFC North: Pittsburgh Steelers AFC West: Kansas City Chiefs AFC South: Indianapolis Colts NFC East: Dallas Cowboys NFC North: Green Bay Packers NFC West: Seattle Seahawks NFC South: New Orleans Saints AFC Conference Champion: Indianapolis Colts NFC Conference Champion: Green Bay Packers NFL MVP: Andrew Luck Super Bowl: Green Bay Packers 34, Indianapolis Colts 24 The Green Bay Packers come into this season with a chip on their shoulder after their unforgettable collapse in last year’s NFC Championship game. They have reigning league MVP Aaron Rodgers in his prime and even with the loss of their top receiver, Jordy Nelson, they still have plenty of weapons on offense. The Packers should have an improved defense as they get B.J. Raji back on their defensive line and hope to finally have a healthy Clay Matthews for a full season.

Barring any major injuries, the Lombardi Trophy is coming back home.

— Follow Ryan Kelapire @RKelapireUA

— Follow Chris Deak @ChirsDeak12

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PUBLIC PROGRAM SPECIALIST Kitt Peak National Observatory is seeking several candidates with excellent public speaking skills, and strong knowledge and passion for ASTRONOMY to join the team and support our Nightly Observing Programs where you will share your knowledge with a diverse group of visitors. These are part-time (1-3 days/week) positions with hours that vary seasonally. Apply online @ www.aura-astronomy.org/jobs, job# 15-0138 SOUTHERN ARIZONA FAMILY Services is hiring for direct care workers. We provide in-home services for those who need extra support in their daily life. Contact 520-512-0200 or come apply in person at 350 S. Williams Blvd Ste. 270 Tucson, AZ 85711 SPECIAL PROJECTS ASST NATIONAL OPTICAL ASTRONOMY OBSERVATORY The Tucson office of NOAO, within the UA campus area, is recruiting several Students for part-time Special Project Assistants to support various local science education outreach events. Applicants must be enrolled in an undergraduate program at an accredited school. Apply online at www.aura-astronomy.org/jobs, job# 15-0134

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LDS Church

1333 E. 2nd St. and 1540 E. Linden St. Sundays 9 a.m., 1 p.m.

Classes M-F 520-623-4204 www.institute.lds.org/tucson

WELS Tucson Campus Ministry

Student Bible Study & discussion Sundays 7 p.m.

830 N. First Ave. (520) 623-6633 www.WELSTCM.com

To be a part of our Guide to Religious Services, call (520)621-3425 or email classifieds@wildcat.arizona.edu

Download KAMP Student Radio’s newest cutting edge, space age

ANDROID APP TODAY! It slices, it dices, it plays the radio!

KAMP.Arizona.edu/Android-App

The Daily Wildcat • 23

Comics • September 9-10, 2015 No Experience Required by Will Zandler

IT’S A GREAT BIG UNIVERSE OUT THERE.

Delightfully Awkward by Elizabeth Robertson

Like to draw comics?

Try your hand at being a cartoonist for the Wildcat!

LEARN MORE ABOUT IT IN TODAY’S SCIENCE SECTION.

24 • The Daily Wildcat

September 9-10, 2015

Campus One Day Sale Friday, September 11 20152016 Season at Centennial Hall SEPTEMBER Annie September 29-October 4 @ Centennial Hall

OCTOBER Season Opener: Tony Bennett Fri., October 9, 2015 @ Centennial Hall The Phantom of the Opera October 21-November 1 @ Centennial Hall Chucho Valdés: Irakere 40 Thu., October 22, 2015 @ Fox Theatre Eternal Tango: Héctor Del Curto Tango Quintet Sun., October 25, 2015 @ Fox Theatre

NOVEMBER Ahn Trio Thu., November 19 @ Crowder Hall Shen Wei Dance Arts Sun., November 22, 2015 @ Centennial Hall

DECEMBER The Bad Plus Joshua Redman Fri., December 4, 2015 @ Fox Theatre

Mythbusters Jamie & Adam Unleashed Fri., December 4 @ Centennial Hall

Cameron Carpenter Sat., February 6, 2016 @ Centennial Hall Ms. Lisa Fischer & Grand Baton Fri., February 12, 2016 @ Fox Theatre

Mariachi los Camperos de Nati Cano Sat., December 5, 2015 @ Centennial Hall

The Triplets of Belleville Sun., February 28, 2016 @ Fox Theatre

Anonymous 4 Sun., December 6, 2015 @ Grace St. Paul’s

MARCH Dublin Guitar Quartet Wed., March 2, 2016 @ Crowder Hall

JANUARY Riverdance January 5-10 @ Centennial Hall

Pilobolus Sun., March 6, 2016 @ Centennial Hall

Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, conducted

by Pinchas Zukerman Fri., January 15 2016 @ Centennial Hall

Igudesman & Joo Wed., March 23, 2016 @ Centennial Hall Acoustic Africa Thu., March 24, 2016 @ Fox Theatre

Monterey Jazz on Tour 2016 Sun., January 17, 2016 @ Centennial Hall Emanuel Ax Sat., January 23, 2016 @ Centennial Hall

Star Trek: The Ultimate Voyage Mon., March 28, 2016 @ Centennial Hall

BODYTRAFFIC Fri., January 29, 2016 @ Centennial Hall

42nd Street March 30-April 3 @ Centennial Hall

FEBRUARY

APRIL

Marie-Josée Lord, soprano Thu., February 4, 2016 @ Crowder Hall

Celtic Nights: Spirit of Freedom Wed., April 20, 2016 @ Centennial Hall

PHOTOS: (from top) Sunny as Sandy and Issie Swickle as Annie in ANNIE (© Joan Marcus); Ahn Trio; Cameron Carpenter; Lisa Fischer (© Mirna Colón); Gerald Clayton, Monterey Jazz on Tour; Chris Mann in THE PHANTOM OF THE OPERA (© Matthew Murphy).

Chicago April 22-24 @ Centennial Hall

BROADWAY IN TUCSON A NEDERLANDER PRESENTATION • WWW.BROADWAYINTUCSON.COM

IN TUCSON $15 tickets on sale from 9am - 6pm at Centennial Hall* –BROADWAY quantities are limited!

A NEDERLANDER PRESENTATION • WWW.BROADWAYINTUCSON.COM

*Must show CatCard. Two tickets per event per person. The Book of Mormon and Premium Blend are excluded from the Campus One Day Sale.