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THE DAILY WILDCAT OCTOBER 21-22, 2015
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News
October 21-22, 2015 • Page 2 Editor: Sam Gross
news@wildcat.arizona.edu News Tips: (520) 621-3193 twitter.com/dailywildcat
TUCSON BONDS: the fight for funding
BY Andy Alvarado
Southern Arizona Regional Orientation Center ($18 million) Oro Valley Business Accelerator ($15 million)
The Daily Wildcat
A special bond election will be held Nov. 3, during which voters will vote to approve seven ballot propositions. “If voters were to approve all seven propositions, the county would be authorized to sell $815,760,000 in general obligation bonds to fund projects that meet the purposes stated in each proposition,” according to the bond election’s page on the Pima County website. Voting registration for the election is now closed, but those who have registered can still learn more about the election’s propositions before voting yes or no. The propositions to be submitted are as follows, according to the official resolution of the Pima County Board of Supervisors, Arizona. Proposition 425 Road and Highway Improvements If Proposition 425 were to be approved by the voter-base, Pima County would be authorized to issue and sell up to $200 million in bonds “for the purpose of improving, constructing, reconstructing, extending, repairing and preserving roads and highways in the county,” according to the Board of Supervisors of Pima County. The bond money for Proposition 425 would be divided into three projects: Road repair and pavement preservation across Pima County ($160 million) Building the Sonoran Corridor Highway, connecting Interstate 10 to I-19 ($30 million) Improving the Science Park Drive at UA Tech Park ($10 million) Proposition 426 Economic Development, Workforce Training
Libraries
and
If Proposition 426 were to be approved, over $91 million in bonds would be distributed for the purpose of “providing or improving real or personal property which promotes or preserves economic development and workforce training in the county” through the installation of “job training facilities, business innovation centers, education facilities and libraries, commercial facilities” and more, according to the board. These three projects would receive the largest divisions of Proposition 426’s bond money: Innovation/Technology Building, UA Tech Park at The Bridges: A new multi-tenant building dedicated to technology companies ($20 million)
Proposition 427 Tourism Promotion Proposition 427 would issue over $98 million for the purpose of “acquiring, developing, expanding, improving, reconstructing and equipping new and existing facilities promoting tourism in the county” by bolstering “museums, cultural or recreational facilities, facilities for the arts,” and more. These three projects would receive the largest divisions of Proposition 427’s bond money: Restoring the Old Pima County Courthouse January 8th Memorial ($25 million) Downtown Community Theaters and Historical Cultural Landscape ($23.5 million) Canoa Ranch New Museum/Orientation Center and Improvements ($10 million) Proposition 428 Parks and Recreational Facilities Proposition 428 would designate $191.5 million “for the purpose of acquiring, developing, expanding, improving and equipping new and existing parks and recreational facilities, including … athletic fields, senior centers, community centers and multi-use trails and trailheads,” according to the election’s voter information pamphlet. These three projects would receive the largest divisions of Proposition 428’s bond money: Southwest Regional Sports Tournament Complex at Kino Complex ($25 million) Sahuarita Pool and Recreation Complex ($14 million) Marana Cultural and Heritage Park ($14 million) Proposition 429 Public Health, Welfare, Safety, Neighborhoods and Housing Proposition 429 is aiming to designate over $105 million “for the purpose of acquiring, developing, expanding, improving and equipping new and existing facilities to further the health, welfare and safety of the citizens of the county,” including “hospitals, clinics, facilities for the County Sheriff’s and County Medical Examiner’s offices, pedestrian safety improvements, food distribution facilities, improvements and property to further neighborhood reinvestment,” and others. These three projects would receive the largest divisions of Proposition 429’s bond money:
Pima County Neighborhood Reinvestment Program ($25 million) Pima County Affordable Housing Program ($20 million) Banner University Medical Center South Campus County-Owned Facility Expansion ($18 million) Proposition 430 Natural Area Conservation and Historic Preservation Proposition 430 would assign over $112 million “for the purpose of acquiring, conserving, restoring, improving and providing recreational access to natural areas and historic properties in the county,” not limited to but including “open space, mountain parks, wildlife habitat, working ranches, washes and rivers to protect water quality …” These three projects would receive the largest divisions of Proposition 430’s bond money, of which the first takes up the bulk: Open Space Land Acquisition Program, intended to “expand national, state, county parkland and conservational areas for benefit of the community and wildlife,” according to an outline of the proposition on Pima County’s website. ($95 million) Historic Fort Lowell Park Master Plan Implementation ($4 million) Public Natural Park Trailheads ($3.75 million) Proposition 431 Flood Control and Drainage Proposition 431 would designate nearly $17 million “for the purpose of acquiring, developing, expanding, improving and equipping new and existing property for flood control and drainage purposes in the county,” including “bank stabilization, channels, drainage ways, dikes, levees and other flood control improvements,” according to the board’s resolution. These three projects would receive the largest divisions of Proposition 431’s bond money: El Corazon – Santa Crus River: Rillito and CDO Confluence ($7 million) Floodprone and Riparian Land Acquisition ($5 million) Cemetery Wash Drainage Improvements, Tohono O’odham San Xavier District ($2 million)
THE DAILY WILDCAT VOLUME 109 • ISSUE 25
Editor-in-Chief Jessie Webster Digital Managing Editor Alicia Vega Production Managing Editor Meghan Fernandez Print News Editor Sam Gross Online News Editor Christianna Silva Print Sports Editor Dominic Baciocco
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and editorial content of the Daily Wildcat should be directed to the editor in chief. For further information on the Daily Wildcat’s approved grievance policy, readers may contact Brett Fera, interim director of Arizona Student Media, in the Sherman R. Miller III Newsroom at the Park Student Union.
The Daily Wildcat is an independent student newspaper published Monday through Friday during the fall and spring semesters at the University of Arizona. It is distributed on campus and throughout Tucson with a circulation of 7,000. The function of the Daily Wildcat is to disseminate news to the community and to encourage an exchange of ideas. The Daily Wildcat was founded under a different name in 1899. All copy, photographs, and graphics appearing in the Daily Wildcat are the sole property of the Wildcat and may not be reproduced without the specific consent of the editor in chief.
A single copy of the Daily Wildcat is free from newsstands. Unauthorized removal of multiple copies will be considered theft and may be prosecuted. Additional copies of the Daily Wildcat are available from the Student Media office.
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The Daily Wildcat • 3
News • October 21-22, 2015
NAU community unites after shooting BY Sebastian Laguna The Daily Wildcat
The Northern Arizona University community stands in solidarity with the victims of the Oct. 9 shootings and their families, who have had to cope with the aftermath. Colin Brough was killed by Steven Jones and three others were wounded. The shooting took place just before 1:20 a.m. on Oct. 9. All four victims were fraternity brothers in NAU’s Delta Chi Fraternity. Brough’s funeral was held in Annapolis, Maryland, on Friday, Oct. 16. Brough attended high school in Annapolis before moving on to NAU, where he was an international business honors student. “The victims of this morning’s shooting were pursuing dreams,” said Shayna Stevens, the executive director for the Arizona Students Association in a statement immediately addressing the shooting. “They had dedicated their current lives to receiving an education. For one student that dream is now over. For three others, the future is still uncertain. I can’t begin to understand the grief and sorrow their families and friends are going through right now.” In addition, many of Arizona’s elected officials released statements offering their condolences. “I can say without a doubt that Flagstaff will only grow stronger in difficult moments like these,” said Rep. Ann Kirkpatrick. “Today, my thoughts are with the victims and their families and our entire community.” Sen. Jeff Flake also offered a statement to the victims of the shooting. “My heart goes out to those who have been affected by this incident,” Flake said. “Cheryl and I send our prayers to the victims, their loved ones, the entire NAU family, and the community of Flagstaff.” NAU and the Flagstaff community have been able to unite around the tragedy, offering prayers
A DAILY WILDCAT ARIDAILY WILDCAT ARIZONA Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona
Courtesy of Zac Velarde/The Lumberjack
Police tape closes off the parking lot of Mountain View Hall on Northern Arizona University on Friday, Oct. 9 after an altercation near campus led to the death of one student and the hospitalization of three more by gunfire. Shooter Steven Jones has been charged with second-degree murder after the charges were reduced under the pretense that his actions may not have been premeditated.
and support to the victims and their families. A march of students, faculty and administrators joined with residents of the community to remember Brough and the other victims Tuesday, Oct. 13. Nearly 2,000 students and members of the community participated in the march led by NAU President Rita Cheng and Flagstaff Mayor Jerry Nabours, According to the Arizona Daily Sun. “The tragic events of last Friday have left us all in a state of shock,” Cheng said. “Our hearts go
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Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona
out to the students involved and their families. Their lives will never be the same, and for that I’m deeply saddened.” Cheng also reflected on the idea that the community must stay united in order to move past the tragedy. “I know in my heart that the bonds that hold us together will be strengthened by learning from and caring for each other in the days and weeks ahead,” Cheng said. The suspect in the NAU shooting, Jones, was charged with second-degree murder Tuesday,
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Oct. 13. Initially charged with first-degree murder, the murder charge was reduced to the second degree after complaints regarding the lack of premeditation shown by the suspect. If convicted of second-degree murder, Jones could face up to 25 years in prison.
Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona — Follow Sebastian Laguna @slaguna18 Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona Daily Wildcat Arizona D
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4 • The Daily Wildcat
October 21-22, 2015
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News • October 21-22, 2015
POLICE BEAT BY MEGHAN FERNANDEZ
Blame it on the mo-o-o-o-o-o-o-om A UA student tried blaming his parents for providing him alcohol before being diverted to the Dean of Students Office for underage drinking. A University of Arizona Police Department officer was patrolling the area near the football stadium during the Oct. 10 game when he saw a student propped up against a pillar. The student was struggling to maintain his balance. The officer approached the student and noticed that his speech was incoherent, his eyes were bloodshot and he smelled of alcohol. The student informed the officer that he was 19 years old and said his parents had given him two beers. Medical respondents evaluated the student and eventually cleared him. The officer called the student’s mother and she denied giving her son the beer. After the mother picked up the student, the officer issued him a diversion to the Dean of Students Office. Blowin’ chunks An underage non-UA student vomited into an air-conditioning fan at the football game during Family Weekend, spraying surrounding game attendees with his bile. A UAPD officer observed the young man who was vomiting into the fan outside one of the stadium entrances. The officer approached him and could immediately smell alcohol and noticed that he had trouble maintaining a standing position. After learning that the male was only 17 years old, the officer decided he needed to be medically evaluated. The minor informed the officer that he had been given water during the game inside the stadium and noticed that it tasted weird. He also told the officer that he is Mormon and therefore would not drink alcohol. He was given a Breathalyzer test, which revealed his blood-alcohol content was .158 percent. The minor then admitted that he had consumed alcohol before attending the game. The officer attempted to call the minor’s mother but was unable to reach her. The minor’s girlfriend contacted her father, who assumed custody of him. His girlfriend’s father signed the minor’s medical release and also signed off as a guardian on a form from the Pima County Juvenile Court Center, ensuring the 17-year-old and one of his parents will attend the court date.
The Daily Wildcat • 5
in observance of American Pharmacists Month by the American Pharmacists Association6 • The Daily Wildcat Academy of Student Pharmacists
In celebration of American Pharmacists Month, the University of Arizona College of Pharmacy American Pharmacists Association student chapter is hosting
News • October 21-22, 2015
Allen J. Schaben/Los Angeles Times/TNS
A view of the Hoover Dam shows a large bathtub ring that reveals signs of drought amid historic lows at Lake Mead National Recreation Area on Wednesday, July 1. California’s drought is its worst in recorded history, causing California policymakers to attempt to lead the state in a more sustainable fashion.
California fights for PHARMACY DAY water amidst drought
ON THE MALL
Monday, October 26, 2015 11 am – 1:30 pm Tent on the UA Mall across from the Student Union Memorial Center Student pharmacists will be presenting educational posters and conducting the following free health screenings:
•Breathing Assessment •Diabetes •High blood pressure
FREE ROOT BEER FLOATS! Stop by to learn what pharmacy is all about! To see a list of other free health fairs we will be hosting this semester, visit our website at:
http://aphauofa.wix.com/apha-asp
FREE HEALTH FAIR
BY Gabriella Vukelic The Daily Wildcat
Amid its worst drought in recorded history, California policymakers are trying to move the state’s water fight from bickering with Arizona over the Colorado River to more proactive efforts at home. Lester Snow, the executive director for the California Water Foundation, presented some of the drought problems that the West Coast is facing during a seminar held in the Environmental and Natural Resources 2 building Monday. The talk was open to the public and took a look behind the scenes of the drought and sustainable water management issues in California while discussing ideas related to individual water conservation. According to Kathy Jacobs, the director for the Center for Climate Adaptation Science and Solutions and professor for the Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, Snow was one of the masterminds behind California’s new Sustainable Groundwater Management Act and has served as the state’s secretary for natural resources, director of its Department of Water Resources and as a regional director for the Bureau of Reclamation. He is also a UA alumnus of the Department of Hydrology and Water Resources. Overconsumption and climate change have resulted in a long-term decline of the Colorado River. This continuous decline has caused a resource battle between California and Arizona, the shared border of which is outlined by the river. However, Snow said that while the states may fight, they still need to understand the other’s water problems and come to an agreement through simple means of communication. “We need to use campaigns more often,” Snow said. “Perfect is the enemy of the good. You can’t do anything in this country without having a diverse coalition. You have to remember that, as one develops the strategy, one develops the information you’re going to use.” In a Los Angeles Times column, reporter Michael Hiltzik wrote that the sign of decline is
the wide ring around Lake Mead, the reservoir behind the Hoover Dam. Hiltzik stated that Lake Mead is at 40 percent capacity, only a couple feet above its lowest water level since it was first filled in 1935. Snow stated that the challenges California faces—such as population increase, an aging infrastructure, groundwater overdraft and degraded ecosystems—are contributing to the conflict. To address these issues, California is refocusing its efforts on conserving groundwater. The focus on groundwater will develop and protect leadership, reframe the debate and its compelling information, create new coalitions and make a policy reform. The Groundwater Voices Coalition, a website created for water sustainability, is campaigning to make a change to save California residents from drinking contaminated water as the state enters its third year of drought. The coalition’s campaign slogan is, “Everyone’s talking about water. For once, they’re saying the same thing.” The Sustainable Groundwater Management Act made a goal that within 20 years, California will achieve long-term groundwater sustainability. With the state’s financial and technical assistance, SGMA has come up with a plan to ensure everyone has reliable water by investing in water infrastructure through the creation of markets to move water and drive water conservation. Madeline Kiser, co-founder of RioArte in Tucson, was surprised at how much of SGMA’s plan is one of communication and leadership. She asked Snow how much of this plan will be adopted into California’s state plan. Snow said in reply to Kiser that the information developed in the campaign will be beneficial to everything the water foundation is doing for California. “We need better management to protect California in an agricultural way,” Snow said. “The drought revealed fundamental reasons; we need to be prepared for a tough strategy and aware of what’s to come.”
— Follow Gabriella Vukelic @gabalicious_24
SCIENCE
October 21-22, 2015 • Page 7 Editor: Patrick O’Connor science@dailywildcat.com (520) 621-3106 twitter.com/dailywildcat
THIS WEEK IN SCIENCE
EEG sends thoughts over net
Courtesy of the University of Washington
University of Washington graduate student Jose Ceballos wears an electroencephalography (EEG) cap. The cap is part of an experiment that records brain activity and sends a response to a second participant over the Internet.
by alexandria farrar and Patrick O’Connor The Daily Wildcat
Sili-gone; “metamaterials” look to replace electronic devices Where most electronic devices’ dominant material is silicon, photonics, the science of light, has always been able to employ a wider variety of materials depending on the purpose of the device. Now they will employ a metamaterial. Researchers at Harvard University have designed a new material meant to optimize the properties of light for the purpose of information transfer. This metamaterial, a synthetic mixture not found in nature, is made of a series of pillar arrays nestled in a polymer matrix and coated with gold film. What is so “meta” about this material is that it allows light to defy space. This means is that most materials cause the crests of any given wavelength of light to slow down by a certain ratio. For instance, the crests in any wavelength of light slow down by a factor of 1.3 in water. This is called water’s refraction index. However, this material has been expressly designed to have a zero refraction index. This means that the light no longer has any more troughs and crests. Instead, its troughs and crests become more or less infinitely long, and no longer oscillate with respect to space, but only time. The material will allow light-carrying information
to be scaled down from the macroscale to the nanoscale efficiently, as well as bend and twist with relative ease, according to Dr. Eric Mazur, a coauthor of the study. It could also solve some previous problems regarding the limited relationship between space and entanglement in quantum optics. Most importantly for the average user, it promises to be incredibly fast. TumorTracer detects cancer in two days Researchers at the Department of Systems Biology at the Technical University of Denmark have created a self-learning algorithm that can effectively determine the source of cancer in two days with an 85 percent success rate. A self-learning algorithm is one wherein the computer is able to independently determine patterns in a given set of data. It is not provided with the correct answer by a human, nor a series of rewards that help to lead it. Called TumorTracer, the algorithm addresses the problem of metastases for cancer patients in which the source is unknown. These patients are usually given a combination of chemotherapy, biological therapy, targeted therapy and hormonal therapy in the hopes that something will work, which lacks general efficiency and causes unnecessary pain. The algorithm, once given a set of data, takes the pattern of mutations in these cases and derives the
localization from certain tell-tale signs. It has proven to be 85 percent accurate. The hopes are that the artificial intelligence will only increase in efficiency and accuracy, possibly screening for cancer from a blood test in a matter of hours. Open-sourcing your mind; thoughts to be sent over the internet The University of Washington is working on transmitting signals from the brain nonverbally over the internet. Using electroencephalograph scans, questioners were able to correctly find the answer to a game of “20 Questions” 72 percent of the time. The responders, who had in mind a single object, sent “yes” or “no” signals regarding inquiries about their object solely in the form of brain waves. Hooked up to an EEG, which detects electrical activity in the brain, they focused their sight on either the “yes” or “no” side of the screen. These sides of the screen flashed at different frequencies, which was reflected in the brainwaves of the responder depending on the side they looked at. These brain waves were interpreted, sent over the Internet and received by the questioner in the form of a pulse to the back of the head using a transcranial magnetic stimulation device. A strong pulse to the back of the head was interpreted as a “yes” and little to no pulse was interpreted as a “no”.
This nonverbal collaboration resulted in the questioner correctly guessing the object 72 percent of the time. Though the experiment is considered a success, a few factors remain for the future of more complex thought communication over the Internet. Brainwaves related to vision are relatively straightforward. Our visual perception is a basic function, and for this reason does not receive much interference when scanned by a device such as the EEG. This creates a crisp set of data that can even allow scientists to guess a complex picture that someone is seeing. Verbal thought, however, is more complex and the next sphere of electrical brainwave interpretation to tackle. Anemone, forever young Immortality is tentatively in the tentacles; further research into the genome of the scarlet sea anemone genome shows considerable regrowth in the bodies of anemones with little to no signs of aging. Research from Dan Rokhsar, a professor of genetics at the University of California, Berkeley, is continuing to pry loose surprising secrets from these sea creatures.
This Week In SCience, 10
8 • The Daily Wildcat
Science • October 21-22, 2015
Winners announced for science-art show by Mikayla mace
Body Smart Discussion: THE IMPACT OF SHAME ON OUR BODIES. Wednesday, 10/28 @ 5-6:15pm at UA Campus Health. (3rd Floor, SW corner, Room B307) FREE! Snacks provided. Call (520) 621-4550 for more info.
What exactly is a whole grain, and what makes it better for us? A whole grain is a grain that contains 100% of the original kernel, which includes three parts: the bran, germ, and endosperm. A whole grain contains all of its naturally-occurring parts and nutrients in their original proportions. You’re selecting a whole grain when you buy foods such as oatmeal, popcorn, brown or wild rice, corn, quinoa, barley or rye. Whole grains can also be used to make breads, cereals, pastas, crackers and other baked goods. Whole grains contain higher amounts of protein, fiber, B-vitamins, vitamin E, iron, magnesium and several other nutrients compared to “white” or “refined grains.” Refined grains are grains that have been significantly modified from their natural state. This usually involves removing the bran and germ of the whole grain and then adding back some of the nutrients that were removed (aka “enriching”). But what you’re left with is only a shadow of its former, nutritious self. After processing it’s a close cousin to a simple sugar. Notice I put the words “white” in parentheses above. This doesn’t mean
that you should avoid white grains and only buy brown grains. The appearance and advertising of whole grains can be very deceiving. You’ve probably walked through the bread isle at the grocery store and have seen words like “9 grain,” ”100% Whole Grain,” “Honey Wheat,” “Whole Wheat,” even “Whole, White Wheat”! Those terms can be very confusing when trying to identify grains that are 100% whole. To be sure a product contains whole grains, check the ingredient list. If the first word on the ingredient list is “enriched” or “fortified,” it’s likely not made with 100% whole grains. The key is to look for the words “whole” as one of the first ingredients. Sometimes foods have a combination of both whole and enriched grains so be sure to read the first few ingredients listed just to be safe. So now you know how to better identify whole grains and why they’re better for us. If you just can’t give up your white rice or hillbilly bread, don’t sweat it! Choosing 100% whole grains half the time is better than not choosing them at all!
NutriNews is written by Gale Welter-Coleman, MS, RDN, CSSD, and Sarah Marrs, RDN, Nutrition Counselors at the UA Campus Health Service.
Food and nutrition services (including healthy eating, cooking skills, weight management, digestive problems, hormonal and cardiovascular diseases, and eating disorders) are offered year-round at Campus Health. Call (520) 621-6483 to make an appointment.
www.health.arizona.edu
The Daily Wildcat
Science is an art, and art is a science. These seemingly contradictory ways of exploring humanity’s place in the world found common ground last weekend when the UA Lunar and Planetary Laboratory hosted the third annual “Art of Planetary Science” exhibition. In front of the Kuiper Space Sciences building, where the gallery was housed, sat a star-speckled black chalk board about 5 feet high, prompting in white bold letters, “When I look at the sky…” Attendees were invited to share what about space inspired them. Answers included: “Eternity,” “I feel at one with my astrological sign,” “The Death Star!,” “I can look at the past” and “SPAAACEE!!” About 250 pieces filled three full stories of the bright atrium of the Kuiper Building. Hannah Pasternak, a junior studying family studies and human development, said she admired the variety of artwork, which included amateur work displayed beside professional pieces. Submission included oil, acrylic, digital renderings, photography, sculpture and interactive art. One activity invited children to color in small, lined paper tiles. Tiles were identified by number and placed according to that number on a poster board. When the board was filled with paper tiles, the mosaic revealed a colorful representation of “plate flexure equation, which describes how the Earth’s crust bends under the weight of mountains,” according to Molaro. Photography and astronomy student Jennifer Vezilj said her favorite part of the exhibition was listening to the sounds of Jupiter. Radio signals from celestial bodies were converted into pitches the human ear can detect with headphones and a tablet. The sound is eerie but captivating. “It sounds like the ocean, but then you hear a strong gust of wind or something,” Vezilj said. “It’s beautiful.” Exhibition attendee Miriam Zirato said she found a connection with the gallery. “I’m not dogmatic in any form, but I think that science is religion, and it’s beautiful and it’s art,” she said. “They’re the same to me.” The free, three-day event attracted 730 curious people who wanted to explore science from a different point of view, according to Jamie Molaro, a planetary sciences graduate student and organizational head of the event. “I think that the reason why it appeals to people ultimately, and sort of the
The winners
Attendees voted on their favorite pieces of artwork.
Best in Show: Gautham Narayan, “Stormclouds Approach Kitt Peak” 1st Place, Fine Art: Andrew Nelson, “Robot 30/Plantimal 2” 2nd Place, Fine Art: Patrick Cobb, “Geomagnetic Reversal 2 3rd Place, Fine Art: Matthew Stricker, “Port 2099” 1st Place, Data Art: Josh Lothringer, “Exo-Resonance” 2nd Place, Data Art: James Tuttle Keane, “The Moon, in Gravity” 3rd Place, Data Art: Stephen Scheidt, “Wind and Water at Great Sand Dunes, Colorado” People’s Choice: Jamie Molaro, “Stress, on the Rocks” Honorable Mentions: Eric Sahr, “Saturn V, First Stage” Mark Prusten, “Multiple Event Horizons” Simon Kregar, “The Wanderer” Earl Billick, “Tulip in the Sky” Dave Shaddix, “LEG-OSIRIS-REx”
reason why we wanted to do it in the first place is that, … as scientists, we see what we do as being beautiful, but looking at a plot looks really different to somebody else. … They don’t see the meaning or the context in there,” Molaro said. “We wanted to find a way to show that to people in a way that wasn’t scary or that seemed accessible.” Sarah Ukiah Hoy, a senior studying art and visual culture education who helped contribute interactive artwork with her classmates, said in an email that events like these strengthen communities. “The College of Art is truly excited about this relationship and hopes to create a bond that promotes a sustaining relationship between Art and Science within the community,” she said. — Follow Mikayla Mace @MaceDW
The Daily Wildcat • 9
Science • October 21-22, 2015
The new iSchool will not be “dark data” BY Alexandria Farrar The Daily Wildcat
Programming, science and art are forming an alliance on campus, and it’s coming in the form of the new School of Information. In the past, information science has mostly been focused on libraries. That means anything from binding books to understanding various directory systems, such as the Library of Congress and Dewey Decimal Classification systems. While these systems of organization are still complex, relevant and needed, recent years have revealed new powers within the field of organizing data. Enter the concept of the iSchool. “iSchools are driven by an interest in interdisciplinary application of information within society,” said Dr. Bryan Heidorn, the director of the new School of Information and associate professor for the School of Information Resources and Library Science. “We’re not interested in the computer; it’s a handy tool. We’re interested in the information itself.” The iSchool will offer three new majors: a Bachelor of Arts in Information Science and Arts, which focuses on the interaction of data with fields such as dance, music and illustration; a Bachelor of Arts in Information Science and eSociety, which focuses on how people create and use identities and information on the Internet; and a Bachelor of Science in Information Science and Technology, which focuses more on programming. Researching further into it, this new merger between information and systems manipulation within the depths of data seems to be something of a topsy-turvy wonderland. Heidorn researches “dark data,” which has implications on how businesses are run and how scientific research is conducted. Dark data can sometimes refer to information on crime, but in this case it stands for information lying around on the floppy disks, USBs and hard drives that are in a state of neglect. “[Say] the undergraduates and researchers are long gone. The professor looks at [the dark data] and asks, ‘What was my student, Fred, thinking when they made this data?’ It’s dark, it’s sitting in the bottom-left-hand desk drawer,” Heidorn said. The peril is that this information is not available to those wading in the greater ocean of the World Wide Web, where it can be synthesized with other data to come to both useful and unexpected conclusions. “We want to find that data and give it a home protected in the hub,” Heidorn said. Cassandra Rodriguez, a graduate student under Heidorn, is working on her own version of these useful and unexpected conclusions. In view of the recent tragedies and ongoing struggle with mass shootings in our country, Rodriguez is turning to social media to analyze mental health. “Mental health is obviously a very important topic that is barely now gaining at least some of
In Arizona, it is illegal for a person under the age of 21 to drive with any alcohol in his/her body (zero tolerance for underage drinkers who drive).
Zi Yang Lai/The Daily Wildcat
Kelland Thomas, the associate director of the UA School of Information, talks about his current research project in his office Friday, Sept. 11. Focusing on “dark data,” Thomas researches ways to incorporate unused or neglected data into a pool of filed information.
the attention that it needs, but we are nowhere near where we need to be in this country in terms of addressing these issues and making sustainable change,” Rodriquez wrote in an email. Rodriguez said she hopes to bring us closer with her research. “Dr. Heidorn and I began to discuss ideas revolving around being able to perform sentiment analyses on [social media posts] to be a little more proactive about recognizing the problem sooner,” she wrote. “[It] would essentially identify and categorize different words based on their level of emotion.” Rodriguez’s tool of choice is natural language processing, a field of study that makes spoken language more or less programmable. It is the same technique that converts your text commands into symbolic equations on sites such as Wolfram Alpha or Google search. “The computer would be able to extrapolate any posts that had a certain amount of highfrequency emotional words,” Rodriguez said. Of course, this research comes with its fair share of privacy concerns. Are only peers allowed to run the text posts through sentiment analyses and send it to superiors? Should there be someone specifically in charge of monitoring social media accounts at every school? While the struggle to perfect both method and ethics is ongoing, Rodriguez’s work embodies just what Heidorn is talking about when he pushes for both logical talent, as well as creativity and activism. “Information scientists need to be one part computer programmer and mathematician, one-third creative sort of creative visualizer and one-third the discipline you’re trying to analyze,” Heidorn said. “We need some really strong programming-skilled people to participate, but we need them to work with people in the real world.”
If I have one “standard” drink (e.g. wine, beer), is it okay for me to drive? If you wait 1-3 hours until your blood alcohol concentration (BAC) returns to zero you will be much safer. The body takes approximately 45 minutes to absorb the alcohol in a drink. Then it takes an additional one to two hours to metabolize and eliminate the alcohol. Time to “zero BAC” is one hour for a 200 lb. male, and two hours for a 140 lb. female.
Hours to Zero BAC (1 Drink) Weight (lbs.) 100 120 140 160 180 200
Female 3 hrs. 2.5 hrs. 2 hrs. 2 hrs. 1.5 hrs. 1.5 hrs.
Gender is clearly a factor. If you are female, don’t compare yourself to your male friends when it comes to
While one standard drink won’t put you anywhere close to the 0.08% BAC legal limit, recent research indicates that even 0.01% BAC is associated with significantly more dangerous accidents than 0.00% BAC. Researchers at the University of California at San Diego found that accident severity increased significantly even when drivers were merely “buzzed”– well below the 0.08% BAC level of DUI. In short, any alcohol is more dangerous than NO alcohol. It’s always best to use a sober designated driver. References: Addiction, Phillips & Brewer, 2011 and www.AZ.gov
Got a question about alcohol? Email it to redcup@email.arizona.edu
www.health.arizona.edu — Follow Alexandria Farrar @alexcat09
Male 2.5 hrs. 2 hrs. 2 hrs. 2 hrs. 1.5 hrs. 1 hr.
drinking. It will take you longer to metabolize alcohol because women have less of the enzyme, alcohol dehydrogenase, than men have. Weight is also an important factor in BAC: if you weigh more, your BAC will be lower than someone weighing less than you do-even if you consume the same amount of alcohol.
The Red Cup Q&A is written by Lynn Reyes, LCSW, LISAC, David Salafsky, MPH, Lee Ann Hamilton, MA, CHES, Spencer Gorin, RN, and Christiana Clauson, MPH, in the Health Promotion and Preventive Services (HPPS) department of the UA Campus Health Service.
10 • The Daily Wildcat
Science • October 21-22, 2015
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This Week in Science from page 7
In general, anemones are simple. Though they lack a brain or a central nervous system, they do have specialized nerve cells. They can voluntarily open their mouths to ingest prey, and they can immobilize prey with their tentacles. The surprise is that these anemones show little to no changes in the integrity of their genomic structure even when most of their cells have been replaced. Usually, replenishing cells over the long run ends up causing some damage to the genome, specifically the telomeres. Eventually, telomeres shorten in humans, causing any given cell to stop dividing or die. This process is usually associated with aging. However, in the sea anemone, cells seem to endlessly replenish themselves without these obstacles. As well as being able to regrow amputated mouths and tentacles, sea anemones have been observed to live up to 100 years in prime condition. The main hypothesis as to why they have not been observed living for longer periods of time is because they are usually eaten or poisoned at some point. There seems to be no reason other than these external forces to stop these anemones from living indefinitely. Ongoing research attempts to answer whether this insight into immortality is applicable to humans; preserving complexity comes at the price of excessive oxidative stress production, one of the processes that shortens telomeres and causes aging. I got beagle muscles baby A group of researchers from five different Chinese centers have reported that they edited the DNA of a dogs to make them more muscular. The scientists are able to make the dogs grow more muscular thanks to a mutation in a gene called myostatin. Normally, myostatin regulates the growth and development of muscle cells. When myostatin is mutated, which sometimes occurs in nature, muscle cells grow larger and more numerous, giving the dogs extra muscle mass. The researchers said in an interview with the MIT Technology Review that they had no plans on selling the genetically modified dogs, but their experiment shows how powerful gene editing technology has advanced in the last decade. The scientists were able to change the dog’s DNA using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR and Cas proteins occurs naturally in certain bacteria and act as a rudimentary immune system. When a virus inserts its DNA into a bacteria in an attempt to take it over, Cas proteins capture a sample of the DNA and insert it into a specific region of the bacterial genome. The bacteria then expresses the new viral DNA and attaches it to another Cas protein. This combination of virus and protein allows the bacteria to find the virus, bind to it and cut it. Researchers use this last step to make changes to DNA in animals they are interested in. Scientists can target genes in animals and cut the DNA to mimic mutations that cause diseases in humans. They can also use CRISPR to insert large portions of DNA into the animal so they have entirely different traits such as expressing a protein that makes them glow green. As CRISPR becomes cheaper and more understood, scientists can one day be used to create designer animals or fix genetic problems before birth. In September, the Beijing Genomics Institute announced that it would sell micropigs that were created using the CRISPR-Cas9 system.
— Follow Alexandria Farrar @alexcat09 and Patrick O’Connor @tachyzoite
The Daily Wildcat • 11
Science • October 21-22, 2015
Protect yourself from the flu this season
Kimberlie Wang/The Daily Wildcat
Rachel Lima, a second-semester UA nursing student, receives a flu vaccine during the on-campus flu shot clinic hosted by Campus Health Service on Sept. 29. UA nursing students are required to receive influenza vaccines once a year to help keep both them and their patients safe during their clinical rotations at hospitals throughout Tucson.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that most people get vaccinated this season. A study from the UA shows how fast viruses like the flu can spread around you by Kimberlie Wang The Daily Wildcat
Flu season has officially begun and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is urging the public to get vaccinated as soon as possible with the reminder that individuals are not protected until two weeks after administration of the vaccine. Despite the severity of last year’s season, health officials are confident in the effectiveness of the new vaccine as a result of some added changes. According to the CDC, the flu vaccine in the previous season was only able to reduce the risk of serious disease by 23 percent compared to an individual who did not get vaccinated. This was due to a last-minute genetic mutation of the flu virus strain H3N2 that made the vaccine less responsive. “The flu virus mutates very rapidly and likes to combine with many other types of flu viruses,” said Kelly Reynolds, a UA researcher and associate professor for the Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health. “So many of the influenza viruses that [circulate are] a mixture of bird, pig and human viruses. That’s
just the nature of the influenza virus—it is highly variable.” Currently, there are 142 national influenza centers in 113 countries that conduct yearround surveillance for influenza and research influenza disease trends, according to the CDC. Data collected from these centers is used to predict which viral strains will be most common during the upcoming season. This year, there will be several vaccine options for the public, one of which is a quadrivalent injection. A quadrivalent vaccine contains two influenza A and two influenza B viruses. Having two B viruses can be advantageous because experts usually choose only one B virus despite there being two very distinctive lineages of B viruses that circulate during most flu seasons. The CDC is encouraging the public to maintain good health habits, such as covering the mouth when coughing and good hand hygiene, in order to help stop the spread of germs and for prevention of illnesses like the flu. The findings of a recently published UA study demonstrate the effectiveness of implementing
hand hygiene interventions to decrease viral transmission. The study, co-authored by Reynolds, involved infecting a push-plate door handle attached to the entrance of a UA College of Public Health office building with an MS-2 virus. The study focused on the spread of the virus within the building and its 80 approximate office workers. The virus was safe to use because, although it is very similar to the influenza virus, it only infects bacteria and not humans. “In about four hours, close to 50 percent of the surfaces commonly touched had the virus on it and about half of the people’s hands had the virus on it,” said Charles Gerba, a UA professor of soil, water and environmental science and co-principal investigator on the study. “So the virus spread very quickly. The first place the virus starts to show up in a large number is the break room, because first thing in the morning, where does everybody go? To get coffee in the break room.” The researchers then introduced an alcoholbased hand sanitizer dispenser in the break room and provided alcohol-based hand sanitizers and disinfectant wipes to the office
workers. “We repeated the experiment again and found out that we reduced the amount of viruses on surfaces by about 80-90 percent, so it had a big impact,” Gerba explained. “I don’t think people wash their hands as adequately as they should, but hand sanitizer is very effective.” According to Gerba, the common cold is most effectively transmitted by getting it on your hands. A person can become infected by rubbing their eyes, as most do not realize the connection between the eyes and nose. This information is especially important for college students, considering a 2008 Berkeley study that showed college students bring their fingers to their face an average of 16 times per hour. “The main thing we want [to] emphasize is good hand hygiene—particularly for students because you have to go to so many classrooms, but you can’t disinfect all of the surfaces,” Gerba said. “However, you can reduce your odds by 50 percent by practicing good hand hygiene.”
— Follow Kimberlie Wang @kw_sciwildcat
The Daily Wildcat • 13
12 • The Daily Wildcat
A kicker with more than one talent
“
Not everything goes like you plan; but in the end, it works out, whether it’s with class or sports. Things will be on the up-and-up at the end.”
— Casey Skowron, Arizona kicker
Casey Skowron never sees the field outside of special teams, but his gritty play resembles that of a linebacker BY MATT WALL
The Daily Wildcat
Colorado return man Donovan Lee maneuvered around all of Arizona’s special teams early in Saturday night’s game. That is, until he met Arizona kicker Casey Skowron. In fact, it seems like the only consistent tackler throughout the entire season on special teams has been Skowron. The kicker wrapped up Lee and didn’t let him break away for what would have been a touchdown. Most kickers would not have done that; but Skowron isn’t your average kicker. “We do work with them on tackling a little bit and just a little bit of stripping the ball,” said Arizona football head coach Rich Rodriguez. “Mostly, just jump on their back and hang on for help. He and [Drew] Riggleman are pretty competitive kids.” Skowron has been successful with his foot, too. He handles all extra point, kickoff and field goal duties for the Wildcats. Skowron has converted seven of 10 field goals this season and has had success on 36 of 38 extra point attempts. The multi-faceted kicker has converted 71 percent of his field goal tries and 98 percent of his extra point attempts throughout his year and a half of action with the Wildcats. But that’s not all Skowron can do. The former Arizona soccer team manager also showed off his running skills on a fake field goal attempt for a touchdown last season against Washington. And for those of you who thought that was all, you obviously haven’t been paying attention. Skowron stripped the ball and forced a fumble against Oregon State last weekend. Sure, it was called back due to penalty, but for that split second, Skowron displayed the tenacity to get the job done—maybe even play linebacker, you never know. “Casey, he’s not afraid to mix it up a bit,” Rodriguez said. “He has to be careful. He was a former women’s soccer team manager and most of them could probably kick his tail.” That’s the biggest factor when it comes to Casey Skowron: he is not afraid. Skowron redshirted in 2012 and served as a backup kicker in 2013 for Arizona. The exact moment he was waiting for has come over the past two seasons as he has served as the starting kicker.
Even with that, he walked onto the program. He earned his spot. The starting kicker and his buddy, Arizona punter Drew Riggleman, even attempted to represent the Wildcats at Pac-12 Conference Media Days during preseason. “This is the official campaign kick starter right now,” Skowron told then Arizona Daily Star reporter Daniel Berk during spring ball. “The most important factor of Pac-12 media day is you need an offensive player, you need a defensive player. I’m putting points on the board; Drew is getting field position when we need it. … Another factor: you want your most attractive guys at Pac-12 media day. … They’re going to be on camera for days at a time; you want something pretty to look at.” He later chimed in on Twitter in April. “The scariest punter/kicker combo in the Pac12/nation (sic),” Skowron tweeted. “Get it together! Beautiful and intimidating.” Skowron has smarts on his side, too. He is pursuing a double major in computer science and psychology. He also was a former student Android software developer for University Information Technology Services. Skowron has learned a lot from all the heartbreaks and triumphs. “Everything is going to be all right,” Skowron said to Arizona Athletics. “Not everything goes like you plan; but in the end, it works out, whether it’s with class or sports. Things will be on the up-andup at the end.” No one on the UA football team can relate to that statement more than Skowron. He received death threats on Twitter after he missed the possible game-winning field goal in Arizona’s 28-26 loss against USC last season. Skowron was the last Wildcat to leave Arizona Stadium after that game. Skowron uttered redemption just a few weeks after his devastating loss, as he nailed a 47-yard field goal against Washington to beat the Huskies. Casey Skowron is the kicker with many talents, the player who puts his heart and soul on the field every day. Skowron is the kid who quite simply is one thing: not afraid. — Follow Matt Wall @mwall20
TYLER BAKER/THE DAILY WILDCAT
ARIZONA KICKER Casey Skowron (41) prances into the endzone at Arizona Stadium during the Wildcats’ win over Washington on Saturday, Nov. 11, 2014. The multifaceted kicker also made two field goals in the 27-26 win over the Huskies.
TYLER BAKER/THE DAILY WILDCAT
ARIZONA KICKER Casey Skowron (41) surfs a crowd of teammates after kicking the game-winning field goal against Washington at Arizona Stadium on Saturday, Nov. 11, 2014. The game winner came a month after a devastating miss that would have lifted the Wildcats over USC.
Sports
October 21-22, 2015 • Page 14 Editor: Dominic Baciocco sports@dailywildcat.com (520) 621-2956 twitter.com/dailywildcat
Midseason report: Arizona football BY Matt wall and justin spears
running offense. The hogs have set up Arizona for 22 rushing touchdowns this season and they’re looking to raise the tempo. If only pancake blocks were a real statistic.
The Daily Wildcat
A
s the halfway point in the college football season has come and gone, here are positional grades on how we think the team has performed so far this season.
Special teams Grade: C+ If one Arizona fan told another fan at the beginning of the season that Casey Skowron would evolve into one of Arizona’s best tacklers, the fan that spouted the question would most likely have been slapped. However, Skowron had a crucial tackle on a kickoff that prevented Colorado from scoring. The only factor holding Skowron back from his special teams’ play-making ability is the fact he hasn’t made a field goal over 50 yards this season and has missed two extra points. A grade of C+ is generous considering Skowron’s range has been missing in action, but expect the tackling machine to rack up his stat sheet some more.
Quarterbacks Grade: BAre we about to have a quarterback competition more than halfway through the season? Arizona football head coach Rich Rodriguez hinted at just that during Monday’s press conference, saying Jerrard Randall may get the start over Anu Solomon. The two have very different skills, though. At points, Solomon has been phenomenal this season. Other times, not so much. The one thing he does have going is that he has yet to throw an interception. Randall uses his feet and can be deadly in open space. We will see if those traits continue this week. Receivers Grade: B We heard throughout the preseason that the Arizona receiving corps was going to be deadly. Yet fans are still wondering when that statement will hold true. Sure, Wildcat fans have seen flashes of perfection. On the other hand, Tyrell Johnson and Trey Griffey have been hurt most of the season, so that certainly doesn’t help. Cayleb Jones has hauled in 27 receptions this season for 364 yards. David Richards adds 23 catches for 352 yards, while Johnny Jackson has come out of nowhere to become one of the top receivers for Arizona. However, these receivers have dropped bigtime balls in many games thus far. Linebackers Grade: C The loss of All-American Scooby Wright III to injury for most of the season has been detrimental to this linebacker core. No one had started the position two weeks in a row
Rebecca Noble/The Daily Wildcat
Arizona running back Nick Wilson (28) leads Oregon State defenders on a merry chase at Arizona Stadium on Saturday, Oct. 10. Wilson finished with 78 yards and two touchdowns on 12 carries.
until Jake Matthews moved in at middle linebacker. That says a lot about the defense in general. Paul Magloire Jr. has stepped into the role of weak linebacker and has found success the past two weeks. The two commonalities this season have been Will Parks and Tellas Jones. Jones was injured last week against Colorado and, depending on the timing, that could truly hurt the Wildcats. If Parks can continue to deliver the hits like he did against Oregon State, this grade could improve. Secondary Grade: DCornerback DaVonte’ Neal has been out the past two weeks due to injury, so Jace Whittaker and Jarvis McCall Jr. have taken over at the right corner spot. Cam Denson has been pretty consistent at the left corner position. However, the Arizona secondary has repeatedly given
up huge passing plays. The biggest example of this was the Wildcats’ two losses against Stanford and UCLA. Giving up 540 passing yards combined in two games is inexcusable. Running backs Grade: AArizona’s backfield is one of the most unpredictable in not just the Pac-12 Conference, but across all of college football. Nick Wilson is the undisputed leader of the core with 683 yards and eight touchdowns, but he has two backs breathing down his neck for more playing time. Orlando Bradford and Jared Baker have erupted over the past two games, replacing the wounded Wilson. Bradford ran for three touchdowns against Oregon State during Family Weekend, and Jared Baker emerged as Arizona’s savior at Colorado with 207 yards and two touchdowns. Arizona’s offense contains numerous
packages that feature each running back, which separates it from other Pac-12 schools outside of UCLA and Stanford. Offensive line Grade: B Arizona’s o-line has played musical positions ever since the start of fall camp. Center Carter Wood went down with a foot injury leaving the position open for Cayman Bundage to transition from guard to center, while Freddie Tagaloa keeps going back and forth between tackle and guard. Layth Friekh and Jacob Alsadek are affected by the carousel because Alsadek is normally the starting guard, unless Tagaloa is there for the week, and Friekh only plays tackle when Tagaloa is at the guard position. The carousel of o-lineman continues, but the consistent play from the big guys in the trenches has carried the Wildcats’
Defensive line Grade: BThis grade sounds generous considering the d-linemen haven’t produced much on the statistic sheet until recently, but expect big things out of this group. Defensive end Reggie Gilbert’s only sack came at Stanford, and he hasn’t pressured the quarterback outside the Wildcats’ visit to the Bay Area. Rodriguez suspended Anthony Fotu this week for violating team policy. Jack Banda had two sacks against Colorado and earned the nickname “Sack Master,” according to Luca Bruno. The defensive line will have to deal with Luke Faulk, Cody Kessler and Mike Bercovici during the remainder of the season, so Arizona will have its hands full with the passing game. The purpose of the d-line is to make the linebackers and defensive backs’ jobs as easy as possible, so getting up in the quarterback’s grill can do just that. — Follow Matt Wall @mwall20 and Justin Spears @JustinESports
The Daily Wildcat • 15
Sports • October 21-22, 2015
Rodriguez ignites scheduling debate BY Ezra Amacher The Daily Wildcat
Pac-12 after hours Arizona head coach Rich Rodriguez made national headlines Monday when he suggested late kickoffs, like the Wildcats’ 8 p.m. start time at Washington later this month, hurt the welfare of student-athletes. Rodriguez specifically blamed the Pac-12 Conference and TV networks for agreeing to schedule late games. “If the conference is really concerned about student-athlete welfare, I think someone should step in,” Rodriguez said. “Because when do guys get a chance to get healthy? They are not getting treatments on the plane. They can try to sleep, but they are not getting a whole lot of rest when they are traveling.” The Wildcats’ flight home from Washington, for example, likely won’t leave until well after midnight. On top of that, Arizona loses an additional hour due to daylight saving time. By the time the Wildcats’ team bus arrives back to campus on the morning of Nov. 1, it may already be 4 or 5 a.m., if not later. That doesn’t give players nearly enough time to decompress, according to Rodriguez. “There’s got to be a time after the game for them to catch their breath and just get a day where you don’t have to think about football all the time,” he said. Rodriguez is not the only Pac12 head coach upset with the scheduling. Earlier in October, as UCLA readied to play back-to-back Thursday night games, Bruins’ head coach Jim Mora offered similar complaints regarding conference scheduling. “It’s unbelievable,” Mora told local reporters. “We’re calling these kids student-athletes and yet we’re going
to force them to miss six days of school so they can play two football games on Thursday nights in a row. I think it’s truly an injustice.” More coaches offered their opinions on a conference call Tuesday morning. Colorado coach Mike MacIntyre told reporters the Pac-12 needs to “look at the situation for the kids.” Stanford coach David Shaw also agreed late games “take a lot out of you.”
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Arizona head coach Rich Rodriguez scowls during the Wildcats’ game against NAU at Arizona Stadium on Saturday, Sept. 19. Rodriguez was undoubtedly happier the night of Arizona’s 77-13 victory over the Lumberjacks than he was Tuesday in expressing his displeasure with the Wildcats’ late night road games.
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Pac-12 gives athletes a say The Pac-12 may be under heat for its football scheduling, but the conference is ahead of the curve in another area: giving student-athletes a voice. The Pac-12 introduced a plan Tuesday to incorporate athletes into conference policy discussions. The conference is the first of the Power Five conferences to include athletes in decision making. The Student Athlete Leadership Team, which consists of two
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athletes from each university, will join athletic directors, senior woman administrations and faculty representatives in voting on conference legislation. Arizona football’s Casey Skowron and sand volleyball’s McKenna Witt will represent the UA. “We are proud to welcome these exceptional student-athletes as important representatives for our 7,000 Pac-12 student-athletes,” said Pac-12 commissioner Larry Scott in a statement. “We’ve made significant
progress in many important areas facing college sports over the past 18 months, but there is more work to do.” The 24 members of SALT will meet at conference headquarters in San Francisco on Wednesday. A day later, they will take part in the Pac-12 Council Meeting.
— Follow Ezra Amacher @EzraAmacher
16 • The Daily Wildcat
October 21-22, 2015
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The Daily Wildcat • 17
Sports • October 21-22, 2015
Rubio joins the likes of legendary Olson BY Brandon James The Daily Wildcat
L
egendary basketball coach Lute Olson, who led the Arizona basketball program for 24 seasons, immediately comes to mind when people think of coaches who were consistently successful for a long period of time at the UA. Few may know Arizona volleyball head coach Dave Rubio has matched that total, as he is in the middle of his 24th season coaching the Wildcats. Year after year, he continues to produce ranked teams that compete for Pac-12 Conference championships and national championships. “Certainly longevity is something to be proud of, especially in a conference as competitive as the Pac10 and Pac-12 has been throughout the years I’ve been here,” Rubio said. Being able to consistently recruit good players, bring in good assistants and have support from the administration are things Rubio said have been keys to his success. “I’ve been very fortunate throughout the years,” Rubio said. “I’ve had some really good players and really good people that have come to the program and have made an impact.” Volleyball has always been an important part of Rubio’s life. He played the game while growing up, during a time when volleyball was not very popular for men or women. Rubio described himself as just an average player, but credits his experiences in volleyball for helping him become who he is today. Rubio did not always coach like he does today. He says he has his marriage and kids to thank for the change in his coaching style. Once a tough and aggressive coach, Rubio considers himself to be much softer today than he once was. “[The season I got married and started having kids] was the biggest season that I changed from being verbally tough on kids, and now I’m not really verbally tough on kids at all,” Rubio said. “I’m much more of a manager. I’m much more willing to pull kids aside and talk to them privately and not make a scene at practice.” Rubio says it is important for him to be able to individually teach each of his players and to continuously encourage them to improve. When looking back on his most memorable moments as coach of UA volleyball, Rubio remembers the 2001 NCAA Tournament, when the Wildcats made it to the Final Four
Alex Mcintyre/The Daily Wildcat
Arizona volleyball head coach Dave Rubio, left, draws up plans with his team while playing Oregon on Sunday, Sept. 27 in McKale Center. Rubio is 13-7, 3-5 Pac-12 Conference in his 24th season with the Wildcats.
and beat USC in five sets in the Elite Eight. He also mentioned the team this year and last year as being some of the most memorable teams he’s coached.
Rubio has accomplished much in his 24 years as coach of the Wildcats, but he still has more work to do to reach all of his goals. “I’m driven to win a national
championship,” Rubio said. “We’re really working towards that every day. It’s a process to get there, but I feel like we’re getting closer every year. Our goal will always be to win a
national championship.”
— Follow Brandon James @brandojames57
18 • The Daily Wildcat
Sports • October 21-22, 2015
Pac-12 Power Rankings
1
NORTH 4
Stanford — Christian McCaffrey is leading a dominant Cardinal rushing attack that keeps on humming as Kevin Hogan continues to play efficiently. They should be favored in every game remaining in the regular season, including their finale against Notre Dame.
2
California — A loss against Utah brought the Golden Bears back down to Earth, but they better rebound quickly as upcoming opponent UCLA is also trending down. A loss would all but end Cal’s still attainable goal of a Pac-12 North title.
3
Washington State — FCS team Portland State beat Washington State by a wider margin than No. 20 California— strange, but true. Had Wazzu dodged that slip-up, it would have a strong case at being ranked.
BY IVAN LEONARD
SOUTH 4
The Daily Wildcat
Oregon — The Ducks beat Washington last week to move all the way up to .500 in conference play. They should beat Oregon State to end the season, but every other game on the schedule could be a stretch for a team who aspired to be more than just bowl eligible.
5
Washington — The Huskies’ quest for a bowl bid is much tougher after another one-score loss, this time to Oregon. At least they have Stanford this week, so they probably don’t have to worry about another one-score loss.
6
Oregon State — The Beavers lost by double-digits for the fourth time this season, and things do not seem to be getting much better. They could still be a potential spoiler for Oregon’s bowl bid, so there is still something to play for.
Tucson’s Premiere Gentlemen’s Clubs
1
Utah — The darlings of the Pac-12 continue their undefeated season and now face a very vulnerable USC team. The Utes currently don’t have another ranked team on their remaining schedule, so they should go undefeated. But there is still a lot of football left.
2
UCLA — The Bruins have dropped two straight after thrashing Arizona on national television. The now unranked Bruins look to get back on track against the Golden Bears. They should be in good shape if they do not give up over 300 yards and four touchdowns on the ground again.
3
ASU — The Sun Devils need to win this game against Oregon if they hope to somehow win the Pac-12 South. They lost the tie-breaker to Utah, so with another loss the Devils would need them to implode to have any shot.
USC — USC played Notre Dame tough, but the Traveler uncharacteristically is not playing up to its preseason ranking. On the bright side, ESPN Films: 30 for 30, “Trojan War,” was pretty good.
5
Arizona — The Wildcats are somehow second in the division as they look to get back into title contention. Their remaining schedule consists of three beatable unranked opponents, including rival ASU and No. 3 Utah, which Arizona clobbered on the road last year. That was last year, though. Anything is possible in the Pac-12 Conference.
6
Colorado — How’s that guarantee of beating Arizona look now, coach? Confidence is always admirable, just not when you are the worst team in the conference. The Buffaloes did play Arizona tough for three quarters, so I guess they can use that at their end-of-season banquet.
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OPINIONS
October 21-22, 2015 • Page 19 Editor: Nick Havey
opinion@dailywildcat.com (520) 621-3192 twitter.com/dailywildcat
Phew!!! Good thing my great, affordable products fixed that problem.
BY ALEX DEVOID
HEAD TO HEAD
The solution to income inequality in the U.S. doesn’t require the dissassembling of capitalism—just fair taxes
BY JACOB WINKELMAN The Daily Wildcat
E
xtreme income inequality is not an inevitable outcome of a wealthy country. The U.S., throughout its existence, has experienced many different levels of income inequality. After more than 200 years of academic study, we have a wide consensus of data pointing to factors that exacerbate or reduce disparities between the rich and the poor.
Since the 1970s, income inequality has become substantially worse in the U.S., creating a wide gulf not seen since the 1920s. Over the last 30 years, the top 1 percent has doubled its accumulation of total market income while income for the bottom 90 percent has markedly decreased when inflation is taken into account. In a comparison with other developed nations, Janet Gornick and Branko Milanovic of the Luxembourg Income Study Center observed how U.S. income inequality is alarmingly high at both the
HEAD TO HEAD, 20
Free-market capitalism made this country great, and Bernie Sanders is here to destroy that with “democratic socialism”
BY WYATT Z. CONOLY The Daily Wildcat
P
residential candidate Bernie Sanders has said that “the issue of wealth and income inequality is the great moral issue of our time.” This, essentially, is the economic theme of Sanders’ presidential campaign. Wall Street is the enemy, basking in gold and greed, and “Joe the plumber” is the ally. Sanders vows to play Robin Hood by stealing from those who have to give to those who do not in an effort he thinks will create equality. In the world of the self-proclaimed
democratic socialist, compassion is the highest virtue, and greed is the meanest vice. Here lies Sanders’ problem with capitalism: there is too much freedom. Bernie Sanders treats those who have climbed to the top of our capitalist system like unbridled horses. Their freedom is the problem, because it allows them to act on their individual self-interest. The problem with self-interest is that it is limited to that individual, or that individual’s children, or their parents, or even their own set of charities (Bill Gates), but does not usually include the rest of the nation. Sanders promises to rein in these beasts drunk on freedom and steer them in a
HEAD TO HEAD, 21
20 • The Daily Wildcat
head to head from page 19
earning phase, before taxes, and the post distribution phase, after taxes. While the 1 percent, and politicians, news networks and bought-out interest groups would like the American people to think that this is an intrinsic part of capitalism or a byproduct of government interference in the economy, the data proves otherwise. First, if we focus on the two biggest economic downturns in U.S. history, the Great Depression and the Great Recession, there is a statistically significant impact of government intervention to help fix the economy. A study at Princeton University’s Department of Economics by Alan Blinder, a professor of economics for Princeton, and Mark Zandi, the chief economist of Moody’s Analytics, concludes, “without the government’s response, GDP in 2010 would be about 11.5 [percent] lower, payroll employment would be less by some 8.5 million jobs, and the nation would now be experiencing deflation.” Major government spending to generate economic activity helped to fix both of these critical crises in American history. Without the government’s involvement in the economy, the U.S. would have faced even worse consequences. Second, typical government spending through progressive tax systems, regulations on big banks, and government
Opinions • October 21-22, 2015 assistance on social services such as food stamps, healthcare and Social Security, all contribute to reducing income inequality. These programs, despite what conservatives may argue, help the members of society who have no other options. A 2012 study from the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities shows that 90 percent of government spending through entitlement programs such as Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and unemployment insurance, among others, goes to elderly, disabled and working households. Income inequality is a problem because it breeds corruption, creates a vicious poverty cycle, promotes more income inequality and actually harms economic growth. The liberal argument for more government spending is based on both moral and economic grounds. Smart, reasonable government spending assists and expands the economy. And, as a nation, we should be doing everything possible to eradicate the social ills of starvation, poverty and systemic inequality. There are simple, logical proposals that can utilize a miniscule amount of tax revenue to make enormous differences in the well-being of millions. For example, raising the tax rate on the top 0.1 percent— approximately 115,000 households—by 5 percent would bring in $55 billion, enough to cover the $47 billion price tag of paying four-year public college tuition for every
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simply cherry picking a few examples student in America. Similar increases or using misleading statistics does not could cover the costs of universal pre-K, constitute a valid reason for the erasure of paid maternity leave and medical costs. all government from the economy. As Roberton Williams, a Sol Price fellow If we accept that income inequality can at the Tax Policy Center’s Urban Institute, be mitigated and that there are economic said, “Most economists today would agree rather than random or intrinsic reasons that raising taxes modestly would bring behind why the U.S. has seen such an in more revenue.” All of these programs increase of income inequality and why would alleviate income inequality with most other first-world a minute impact on the countries have less income extremely wealthy. We should inequality, then we know for Even frequently cited be doing certain that government can conservative economic be part of the solution. studies arguing that income everything possible to eradicate We may not know the inequality isn’t rising arrive ideal tax code or the exact at this conclusion by adding the social ills of distribution to create a in government subsidies to starvation, poverty utopian society, but it the total income of poorer and systemic is evident that certain Americans. While this does inequality.” government regulation and demonstrate a smaller spending can be of significant gap between the rich and benefit to the country. the poor, we only achieve Rather than pretending this decrease in income that drastic income inequality is unfixable, inequality through the very government extreme poverty is a necessary component programs they detest. of capitalism or all poverty is a product Without government involvement in of laziness, the U.S. should use the data the economy there wouldn’t be minimum to determine the most effective ways for wage, labor laws, federal highways, the government to help the economy and Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid or healthcare subsidies for millions of people. reduce income inequality. Sometimes the government mishandles a situation or passes legislation that in fact does hurt the economy. The Department of Veterans Affairs health care system, for example, is a bureaucratic mess that has — Follow Jacob Winkelman left many veterans with inadequate or @DailyWildcat nonexistent health insurance. However,
“
The Daily Wildcat • 21
Opinions • October 21-22, 2015
head to head from page 19
direction chosen by … Bernie Sanders, through greater constraints, more restrictive regulation and a heavier tax. With regard to this plan, Sanders yelled out at his rally in Tucson earlier this month, “Now it’s Wall Street’s turn to bail out the middle class!” Bernie Sanders claims that the Republicans have “short-term amnesia” in regard to the Wall Street bailout. I think that Bernie Sanders may be suffering from long-term amnesia of how America became one of the greatest economic nations on this planet. In his 2013 book “The Great Escape: Health, Wealth, and the Origins of Inequality,” Angus Deaton, the 2015 Nobel Prize Winner in Economic Sciences, wrote, “Life is better now than at almost any time in history, more people are richer and fewer people live in dire poverty. Lives are longer and parents no longer routinely watch a quarter of their children die. ”If a pioneer from 200 years ago time traveled to
Wright Brothers—these people were pushed by a personal dream, not government action. What makes our nation different from so many others is that we have placed the freedom of citizens at the highest level of importance. Each individual can choose to live their life according to their own goals, not the goals of the nation. So far this has led to awesome progress. Bernie Sanders is campaigning for freedom to take a backseat to welfare and income equality. To fix the great “moral crisis of inequality” he wants to play both Robin Hood and the king, taking from those who have and giving to those who do not, and forcing some of the most productive companies and people in our nation to abide by more restrictive government regulation. Sanders mentioned at his rally “all over this country there is a dental crisis. We need dentists! We need to make sure people can afford to go to dentists.” (Read: I will reduce the amount being paid to dentists.) Why would someone spend the extra time, money and effort to be educated for dentistry if they would be unable to make a fair profit because of government regulations? This theory has been tried and tested
2015 and saw students speaking to Siri and getting to class on self-balancing scooters, their first guess would be they were on a different planet, second: that they’ve transcended a few millennia. Supporters of Sanders imply, and the media portrays, that almost all of those under the poverty line are lacking the most basic necessities. Generally, that is not true. Those below the poverty line are living at higher standards than ever before through the mechanics of capitalism. Competitive markets driven by self-interest have landed them in a world with more products for lower prices. An article published by CNS News reports that 97.8 percent of households below the poverty line have refrigerators, 96.6 percent have stoves, 80.9 percent have cell phones and 96.1 percent have televisions. The great innovators of our world who have propelled us to where we are today did not innovate as a response to governments or people like Bernie Sanders (or what Bernie Sanders aims to be), but instead innovated because of the kind of self-interest that Bernie Sanders so strongly denounces. Thomas Edison and Henry Ford, Bill Gates and Steve Jobs, Sam Walton and the
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throughout history, and the result has been misery and misfortune. People want to work for something that they care about and don’t respond well to force. If Bernie Sanders were elected, heavily taxed companies under oppressive regulations will leave this country and sell great products for a low cost elsewhere, eliminating jobs and shrinking the tax revenue. Specialists like dentists will leave for a country that will allow them to be paid what they think they deserve after eight years of college. America will no longer be a place to work and earn to your heart’s content; the nation (including the poor) will stagger and then fall. Sanders is right that there are ways to increase the wealth of the poor and raise their standard of living, but waging a war on capitalism by electing a self-proclaimed socialist isn’t one of them.
75004 — Follow Wyatt Z. Conoly @DailyWildcat
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Classifieds • October 21-22, 2015
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Comics • October 21-22, 2015
The Daily Wildcat • 23
Under Refurbishment by Arielle Settles
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24 • The Daily Wildcat
October 21-22, 2015
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