a School | a Habitat A Presentation By
What is a School ? • A school is an institution designed for the teaching of students (or "pupils") under the direction of teachers. • It generally include primary school for young children and secondary school for teenagers who have completed primary education. • An institution where higher education is taught, is commonly called a university college or university. Source: Wikipedia
What is missing in Schools ? •
Schools in India are just a place of making students learn the syllabus as per the education system followed. Our system misses out on focussing on a more WHOLISTIC Development of a child.
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In this age of omnipresent social media opportunities in our adult live, while we are in school, we are not developed as being social aware.
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While being in school, we miss out on greater issues and challenges that our country and world is facing.
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We should be taught to be sensitive towards the Ecology and the microhabitat.
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Sustainability should be inculcated in us from a very early age. Schools are the best place to start. Todays students are the leaders of the future.
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Our schools, in the way they have been designed, impart a sense of discipline but the youthfulness is missing in the architecture. Students hence are less engaged with the environment they inhabit.
Schools and environment
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Considerations for School Design
• Using the Site As an Asset. • Climate Responsive design to avoid unnecessary infrastructure otherwise required to keep building cool and habitable.
• Architecture should convey a sense of discipline with an element of youthfulness. • More interactive spaces for diverse levels of gathering. • Mixed use development of the schools where Students/Teachers are always at least visually connected. • Interactive classes. (making classes informal by taking a page out of our vernacular gurukul system) • Class rooms, the building unit of a school, should be designed to get more natural light and ventilation to make them comfortable. After all, we as students, spend the majority of our time there.
Imagining the ‘ideal’ school
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Site and its Context
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Site Overview The site is located on the northern side of the approach road and one side touches the university boundary.
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Site Area : 19.71 Acres
Site Overview Site have a terrain which have a level difference of up to 3.5 mts.
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Site is an asset.
Exploring the site to explore the possible buildable Zones.
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Site is an asset. Identifying the highest and the lowest zones of the site for sustainable strategies for planning
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Lowest Zones in site Highest Zones in site
Highest Zones in site Level difference in site is at an average of 3.5 mts Higher Zones Should be Used for Constructing buildings so as to increase The Shaded Area. Key to achieve sustainability. Keeping the natural drainage pattern of site.
Less cost spent in levelling the site. Natural terrain of the existing site helps to capture and channelize the prevailing winds.
HOW is the site an Asset ?
Natural terrain is the main asset when we start to think of a sustainable approach for master planning of a large site. By using the natural contours of the site, one reduces the need to cut and fill thereby saving cost and time and at the same time utilising the level differences for programmatic efficiencies.
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Lowest Zones in site. Level difference in site is at an average of 3.5 mts Lower Zones Should be kept more open as they are key to contain the cooler air. Lower zones should have more activity areas as it may keep the gatherings cool and in shade. Being the Coolest part of the site sports activities should be introduced in such regions
HOW is the site an Asset ?
Natural terrain is the main asset when we start to think of a sustainable approach for master planning of a large site. By using the natural contours of the site, one reduces the need to cut and fill thereby saving cost and time and at the same time utilising the level differences for programmatic efficiencies.
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Lowest Zones Vs Higher Zones
WHAT opportunities does the site offer?
On over laying the analysis of the site terrain we can figure out the buildable zones and open area zones. The site determines the most appropriate areas for the built and unbuilt architecture.
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Climate
• • • •
Using Site Terrain against the climate Sun Path Considerations. Wind Direction Considerations. Temperature Range, both seasonal and within a day.
Geography
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Exploring local materials. Exploring Vernacular architectural elements such as jaalis, courtyards, and stepped wells. Planting of regional trees such as Terminalia Arjuna (Arjun) & Terminalia Chebula
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(Harad) & Passi Trees
Architecture as a Response
Architecture has to address the context in which it exists. Our attempt is to respond to the climate, the region and its people and their sensibilities and aspirations.
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Shading analysis. Building on higher plane gives extra advantage of shading Larger Area remains in shade. Activities can be carried out in shaded areas. Making them usable.
Architectural implications
Architectural Features and elements which are appropriate for the Hot and Dry Climate of Bikaner.
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The Split Building typology Splitting the building from the centre gives a shaded area for ventilation and allows for natural light. Wind due up-thrust from the contoured site make for a natural vertical ventilation system for the building.
Higher Zones Should be Used for Constructing buildings so as to increase The Shaded Area. Areas Under The Elevated buildings can be used as shaded porticos for various activities.
Architectural implications : Changing the Building typologies
Explored the best possible architectural vocabulary that fits in every aspect of a sustainable and green building.
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A typical building block capturing heat from all the Sides and from Ground.
Mitigating heat by making a Skin around the building .
Splitting the Building from centre allows more ventilation and cool environment.
Heat Penetrates deep into the Building.
Raising the building Above From the Ground
Climatic issues addressed.
Architectural implications : The Building Vocabulary with response to the climate.
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• Response to climate is foremost. We endeavour to create a green certified building of the highest ratings. • Response to the neighbouring University by opening up the Face of the building towards the University campus, especially the senior school. • Architecture should create interest while approaching it from the various sides. By keeping the built form low, we respond to the skyline of the city. This also helps keep the dependency on mechanical cores to a minimum. • Architecture, both built and unbuilt should be a inspire sustainability, social integrations and ecological awareness amongst the students. It should be a place that students look forward to being a part of.
Concept for the Design
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Guide for Planning Campus to be addressed by opening up the School towards the University Architectural vocabulary will identify and give character to the school.
Major Node of the School
The Initial Sketch
Keeping in mind the context of the site, the neighbouring functions and site profile.
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Zoning ideas. Open Air Theatre
Hostel Block
West sun is avoided as much a possible. Major orientation of the building is kept N-S
Main Academic Block
Auditorium and social activities
Teachers apartments
Music and Drama school
Play Ground Main Academic Block
Basic Zoning Sketch
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Shaded Zones are kept more for open activities. Blocks kept on stilts for unobstructed wind flow.
Zoning Advantages
Buffer Greens Open Air Theatre
Hostel Block
Main Academic Block Assembly Ground.
Auditorium and social activities
Teachers apartments
Music and Drama school
Play Ground Main Academic Block
Basic Zoning Sketch
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Time Driven Activity Shading keeps the out door activities more comfortable Straight and Easy Access to all Views. View towards university will keep students more connected to the future education system. Residential and school activities are kept separate.
Buffer Greens
Open Air Theatre
Hostel Block
Teachers apartments Main Academic Block
Auditorium and social activities
In door Sports Area
Music and Drama school
Assembly Ground. Main Academic Block
Play Ground
The Master plan layout of all amenities. Content Copyright DesignCollab 2015
Buffer Greens
Open Air Theatre
Hostel Block Principal’s/ Vice Principal’s Houses
Main Academic Block Auditorium and social activities
Teachers apartments Indoor Sports Area
Music and Drama school
Assembly Ground. Main Academic Block
Play Ground
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Layout Explaining the Usage of the terrain.
Area that needs Levelling.
Layout Explaining Areas that needs Levelling
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Shadow Analysis Morning Sun @ 8:00 Am. Assembly area Shaded During Morning activities Steps and main access to the school is shaded
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Morning Activities are in shade
Auditorium in shade in the most active timings of school.
Shadow Analysis Afternoon Sun @ 12 noon Afternoon Activities are in shade
Kids Play Area Always in Shade
Lunch Break Time Shaded Zone
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Hostel Front Shaded in the play time after school
Shadow Analysis Sun @ 3:00 Pm Afternoon Activities are in shade Shaded Tennis Courts in sun after 4 pm.
Shaded Football Ground and Adjacent Stepped seating.
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The Architectural Typology for class room environment
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Typical Class module. A Class module has been designed with an ample space seating of 40 students.
Typical Class module
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Array of Class rooms. A Typical class array that gives a sense of discipline. Disadvantage is one side is always exposed to harsh sun.
Class rooms array
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Doubly loaded corridor system Dark and crowded corridor. No buffer space for local interaction.
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Periphery corridor. Shaded outside corridor keeps the classes cool and comfortable. Disadvantage is lack of natural light in the class rooms.
Periphery Corridor
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Split class room stacking. Central cut-out created to bring natural light and ventilation for the class rooms Class room enjoys local and less distracting open space.
The Correction
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The building Plan. Double side corridors with intermediate connections. It allows one to enjoy the central cut-out even from the out side. Disadvantage is the lengthy corridors and lack of intermediate interaction spaces.
Building floor with stacked classrooms.
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The Correction. Omitting the class rooms and creating the personalized interaction spaces. Allows better ventilation and interaction.
The Correction.
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Adding an element of youth through colour psychology.
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Vertical Stacking.
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Central corridor used for services as well as for light and ventilation
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False roof . Makes the building safe from the direct impact of natural light Raising from the floor allows shaded lunch time interaction and avoids heat gain from the ground.
False roof.
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Sense of discipline. Uniformity, symmetry, order, rhythm, Linear are the best words to describe the DISCIPLINE Hence discipline is integral part of the core structure of the building.
Sense of discipline.
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Interaction. Students can hangout and interact in neighbourhoods instead of going all the way to designated space to do so.
The neighbourhood interaction.
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Dynamism and youth. Buildings should be more closer to the future and should make the students adapt to the college culture to make the feel grown ups.
The Exterior of dynamism and Youth.
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Response to the Climate. A skin which is more porous and made in locally available material to mitigate the climate and still sustainable.
Climatic implication
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The Building Vocabulary
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Built forms should convey a sense of discipline and youthfulness. Architecture should inspire attendance. Students should be proud of their school and enjoy spending time there. Sustainable principals should become the way of life for the students and should inspire anyone visiting the school. Our scheme incorporates both design as well as social sustainable practices as a step towards a holistic approach to a socially relevant environment for the student.
Development Of Building vocabulary
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The kitchen garden
Grow what you eat concept develops the sensibility of children towards the value of resources we have.
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Aga Khan Academy, Hyderabad Apollo International School, Sonipat, Haryana Anubhuti School, Jalgaon, India The Aryan School, Dehradun Atmiya Vidya Mandir, Kamrej, Gujarat[1] Baldwin Boys High School, Bangalore Gen. B C Joshi Army Public School, Pithoragarh[2] Birla Senior Secondary School, Pilani Birla Balika Vidyapeeth, Pilani Birla Public School, Pilani Bishop Cotton School, Shimla Bivha International School, Multiple locations Cambridge School Srinivaspuri, Dehli Campion Anglo-Indian Higher Secondary School, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu Canadian International School, Bangalore Chinmaya Vidyalaya, Nauni, Himachal Pradesh[3] Chennai Public School, Chennai, Tamil Nadu Colonel Brown Cambridge School, Dehradun, Uttarakhand Daly College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh The Doon School, Dehradun, Uttarakhand Ecole Globale International Girls School, Dehradun[4] G D Birla Memorial School, Ranikhet, Almora G D Goenka Public School, New Delhi
Schools with similar infrastructure.
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The Gurukul system (outdoor classrooms)
Not all learning can be in a classroom. Going beyond we propose a different learning environment that allows the students learn more culturally. Learning in such environments allows the students to grasp more and quick.
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Choosing a natural form - Ellipse
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Bifurcating Hard and Soft surfaces
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Providing Informal Seating
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Creating berm for merging the space with the natural surrounding
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Adding an enclosure
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Adding perforation in the enclosure to ensure visual connectivity with surrounding space. Content Copyright DesignCollab 2015
Canopy / Tree for shade
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Canopy / Tree for shade
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Design development.
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View of the open class rooms. Follows the traditional GURUKUL system designed to interact for art and other social activities.
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View From inside the open class room.
Follows the traditional GURUKUL system designed to interact for art and other social activities.
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Architecture meets with Master planning and Sustainability. Visual Experience of the spaces in context of site and Climate.
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View From The North East Corner
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View From The North West Corner
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View From The South West Corner The school opens up towards the university.
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View From The South East Corner The sports and recreation facilities are connected by their own separate vehicular access.
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View From the Entry - South East Corner The Approach creates an impactful impression highlighting the distinct architectural identity combined with a feeling of openness and transparency for the children and visitors
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View From The North west Corner The Core academic Block with Open air theatre .
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View From The University Campus
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View of The Open Air Theatre Using the natural site contours, we have created stepped seating that flanks this open area where various activities and school functions can be hosted.
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Shaded Steps adjacent to the Playing Field. Steps interspersed with greens provide opportunities to sit and enjoy the sporting activities. This stepped podium also forms a buffer between the building and the playground.
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View Towards the Core Academic Zone Shaded Corridors and scenic vistas make the areas around the classrooms comfortable and safe.
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View Towards access to the Residential Area
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View Towards Main Assembly Area Facing the University Content Copyright DesignCollab 2015
View showing the Open Classrooms.
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View From the Corridor of Academic Block
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View Towards Open classrooms From the Auditorium
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View of the Central Courtyard within classroom blocks. The central spine with a view towards the floating gardens and breakout spaces between classrooms.
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View of the Central Courtyard within classroom blocks. The central spine with a view towards the floating gardens and breakout spaces between classrooms.
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View of the Central Courtyard within classroom blocks. The central spine with a view towards the floating gardens and breakout spaces between classrooms. Content Copyright DesignCollab 2015
View of the central Spine and the stilted area. Large stilted area provide shade and acts as spill over areas to functions such as libraries, labs, activity halls etc.
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Numbers and figures related to the design.
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CBSE AFFILIATION BYE-LAWS • • • •
Classroom – Area per child Teacher per section Pupil teachers’ Ratio (max.) Optimum Classroom Capacity
– 1.2 m2 – 1.5 – 30:1 – 40
(pg. 09) (pg. 16) (pg. 16) (pg. 17)
– 35% max. – 1.2
(pg. 13) (pg. 13)
- 4 m2/person - 1.5 m - 3.6 m
(pg. 27) (pg. 28) (pg. 30)
BIKANER BYE LAWS (2010) • •
Ground Coverage Permitted F.A.R.
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE (2005) • • •
General Occupancy Corridor Width (min) Ceiling Height
Guidelines Followed
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Classification Sr. no. Senior Secondary Secondary
Middle
Junior
Kindergarten
Class
No. of Departments
No. of Sections
Students per Class
Total no. of Students
No of Classrooms
No. of Teachers
1
12th
4
3
40
480
12
18
2
11th
4
3
40
480
12
18
1
10th
1
5
40
200
5
7.5
2
9th
1
5
40
200
5
7.5
1
8th
1
5
40
200
5
7.5
2
7th
1
5
40
200
5
7.5
3
6th
1
5
40
200
5
7.5
1
5th
1
4
40
160
4
6
2
4th
1
4
40
160
4
6
3
3th
1
4
40
160
4
6
4
2nd
1
4
40
160
4
6
5
1st
1
4
40
160
4
6
1
Ukg
1
3
40
120
3
4.5
2
Lkg
1
3
40
120
3
4.5
Total
Student Intake
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3000 Students
75 Classrooms 112.5 Teachers
Administration Area Principal’s Room Secretary Office Examination Department office Records + Archive Room Reception hall Registration desk Fees counter Account office Regulation office Computer Control Room Media + Conference room Security office
Amenities
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Academic Block Junior School Block
senior school block
Class Rooms staffroom supervisors room Pantry Toilet common toilets
Class Rooms staffroom conference room individual rooms supervisors room Pantry Toilet common toilets library art room Laboratories
middle school Class Rooms staffroom conference room individual rooms supervisors room Pantry Toilet common toilets library art room
Hostel Block 4 bedded rooms. warden room/office/toilet maintainence maid's room store Mess : Dinning hall and kitchen entertainment room Activity area toilets
Outdoor sports activity Football / Cricket field track field basket ball volley ball tennis swimming indoor sports Squash court badminton courts Table tennis room Carrom room Gym
Auditorium + music and dance Block teacher room dance hall Practice hall practice room toilets storage recording room digital processing room office teachers chamber meeting room store pantry toilets Dispensary Shopping Plaza
Total Site Area : 19.71 acres. =79763.61 sq.m Permissible Numbers Permissible F.A.R : 1.2 of Site Area = 95716.33 sq mts Permissible Ground Coverage : 35 % of Site Area = 27917.26 sq mts Achieved Numbers Achieved F.A.R :
47590.4 sq mts (50% of Permissible FAR)
Achieved Ground Coverage : 18.6 % of Site Area = 14872 sq mts
Permissible And Achieved Far And Ground Coverage
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Thank you