Natural Encroachment
Anwesha Chakraborty 2016
Anwesha Chakraborty Art in Transit, 2016
Final Year Diploma Project 2016 B.CrA in Creative Art Practices(CAP) Srishti Institute of Art, Design and Technology Facilitators Amitabh Kumar Abhiyan Humane Arzu Mistry Shivani Sheshadri Aastha Chauhan
Aditya Bharadwaj Siddhanth Shetty Gaurav Singh
Contents 1. Art in Transit - Project overview 2. Site Analysis 3.Why Art in Transit? 4. Immersion process 5. Proposing the project 6. Formalizing Concept 7. Curatorial Process 8. Form and Prototype 9. Prototyping phase 10.Plans for final installation 11. Bibliography 12.Acknowledgements
Art in Transit - Project Overview Art in Transit is a public art project creating meaningful futuristic interventions in spaces of transience based in Bangalore, India. The project began in mid - 2014 when a large number of students began to interpret a public space in their own way. The project deals with urbanization, rapid development, besides other changes that people face in these spaces. The interaction with these spaces, to be more specific the Metro, is the main cursory point in the project.
In collaboration with BMRC, Art in Transit has created waves in a way that has made public art actually accessible to the public. The metro within this metropolis, is a semi - public space that offers opportunities for congregation and social networks. Where a diversity of people come together with a common purpose of getting from one point to another. The Art in Transit Collective is interested in a trans disciplinary framework that engages through art and design practices with the ‘metro’ as a symbol of a changing city.
2. Site Analysis The Art in Transit Project is site specific, located at and around the Cubbon Park Metro Station and the Vidhana Soudha Metro Station. Both stations have large underground areas and multiple above ground entrances. By the nature of their location, Cubbon Park Metro station is the access point to places of social, economic, historical and cultural interaction be it MG Road, Shivajinager, Cunnigham Road, Cubbon Park, Chinnaswamy Stadium, NGMA and the various other museums and shopping districts in the area.
Vidhana Soudha Station is the access point to the political and legal systems of Bangalore City. These stations offer varied social, economic, political, historical, locative and cultural points of entry to the center of Bangalore City. Both stations are still under construction and will open to public use during the duration of the project.
Above - Exteriors of the site
Above - Interiors of the site
Above - Maps showing the exteriors of both the sites
Above - Interior Layouts of both the sites
Above - Layouts of the Plaform of both the sites
Why Art in Transit?
Art in Transit was an amazing opportunity to be able to combine all my interests, passions and experiences I have had with art and design and express them in multiple forms. With not much exposure to public art on a first hand basis, I wanted to take it up as an opportunity to use this form to be a part of the transition of Bangalore from a City to Metropolitan City. Being from Bangalore, I wanted to really engage in my own city which I’ve been a part of and seen grow for two decades. I wanted to be a part of this active transition and progress we get to hear about but never see. Having worked with Art in Transit the year before I wanted to see my project pan out in the iconic area of Vidhana Soudha and Cubbon Park. Not only is the exposure immense, the work involved is very hands on and real, and actually has an audience, which is not a very common occurrence in final year projects.
Background
Being a CAP (Creative Art Practices) student, my previous projects have revolved around communities, interactions of people within a space and the factors which affect them. Though I started out as a Visual Communication Student I have never conformed to a particular form of art or design due to the fact that the nature of both can be so fluid. I try to use my knowledge of what I have learnt in all these fields in my projects. My interests with respect to this project happen to lie around the fact that I want to be able to relate to Bangalore more. The more I live in this city and feel like a part of it, the more I feel unaware of it completely. It is my personal goal to get the most I can to understand its intricacies and nuances, however complex they may be. Most of my previous projects like Igle Ivagle, The Bmtc bus project, etc. were taken in order to discover something new about the city. The other goal is to give back to the city which I have lived in all my life. To be able to create something, which will enhance what it is to me, is a challenge I want to take.
Immersion
Cubbon Park
Our immersion process involved weeks of observations, talks, recordings, films, etc. It was done in a twostep process as mentioned below -: 1) Mapping Exercises 2) Master class
Above - Maps showing the exteriors of both the sites
1) Mapping Exercises To get a better understanding of the area around we did intensive walks to observe the type of people, the textures of the places, etc. It helped us get a sense of the space around us. It helped us break our obvious assumptions about the space and get facts about it. The first few exercises made us see the flow of people and traffic. We were to see a similar pattern or a line in which we could observe a repition or something, which stood out. We even had on the spot interviews with regulars in the park. We tried seeing how the place changes at different periods of time, how busy it is in the morning and slower during the larger half of the day and again busier during the evening rush back home. Large periods of time were spent on just rough sketches, doodles and recordings to associate with the place better.
Above - A rough mapping of out surroundings ; Right - Visual Represntation of what we observed
Above - Maps and charting out our wearabouts
Our explorations with the space translated into mapping where we were listing down each of our sights, sounds, and smells and locating ourselves. The class as a whole mapped themselves and we got a larger idea of the way people move in that area, the employment in that area, the idea and act of leisure of the people in that area. Since there’s a strong presence of both parks and government offices, there was an equal amount of activities of leisure and work. We tried observing the lunch patterns of the regular park goers and tried to see if there are fixed timings, what they exactly eat and whether there was some amount of routine involved. We ended up noticing that everybody in the park had created this invisible barrier within himself or herself and this was particularly evident in all the couples that had come in large numbers. We noticed that people had created their private places in a very public area, which was fascinating.
Above - Left - Website of the Forager Collective; Right - Temple Installation by Aastha Chauhan
Above - Work by Bonamy DevasTop Left Work by Alon Schwabe of Cooking Sections; Bottom Left - PixelStick (Reference Image)
Master class To understand a better idea of public centric art or design, we were given talks by a few talented artists who work in this particular field and in turn gave their insights of the challenges triumphs and goals face by them. Their work was very varied and involved use of different mediums. Each one had a different approach to their ideas, one worked with people and their interactions, one worked with food and the politics involved in that. It was an altogether very enriching experience, which made me see a different perspective of dealing with society, economics and culture. We even experimented with this device called the Pixel stick with an artist to explore what we can do with light. The artists were Aastha Chauhan, Alon Schwabe, The Forager Collective and Bonamy Devas.
Art In Transit
Experience of Transit
Frames of Transit
Transit as a Social Network
The City - Past, Present and Future
We had to choose between three frames as a guide to the research and practice of our project. In order to make us understand the context of the project better we split up into the area, which was of our interest and enquiry. With these base groups in our head we could further develop our enquiries and research, which would end up, as our projects. Experience of transit explored human journey in all its facets- exploring and explicating memories and narratives, politics of migration, replacement and displacement, public space as an artefact, journey as an experience of the self, and technology as a form of mediation connection across space and time. Transit as a social network looked at how travel can create a connection and form a nodal form of relationships with the transit and their interactions. The City, Past and Present dealt with Bangalore’s identity, which jostles between nostalgia and future aspiration, becoming a collection of various tensions. I was more inclined to the idea of The City - Past, Present and Future.
Images of the Horticultual Library
Research and Case Studies
We were given further ways of getting a better idea of the concepts which we were initially interested in. Taking cues from my interest in nature, environment and flora I began to go to primary resource centres where there would be ample information related to Bangalore. A few mentionable places where I got direct access to information were the Central State Library, Bangalore Developmental Authority, Bangalore Horticultural Department and The Mythic Society Library, Bangalore Forestry Department. I came across a vast amount of books, which showed how Bangalore became Bangalore. Deccan Terrain - The making of Bangalore’s Terrain was one very helpful start, which went on to various other very informative articles, and books published based on Bangalore. Glass House - Jewel of India. I came across a large number of books which were Gazettes written about the economics of Bangalore and the History of Bangalore right from the start.
All images showing the history of the development of Bangalore
Interviews
With a large amount research conducted and resources collected I decided to understand somebody else’s view on the aspirations of the city. Abhayraj Nayk was one of the only people I interviewed and he proved to be more then a Pandora’s box of knowledge to us. He made us see each and every perspective of Bangalore from angles we had not even thought of before. He made us clearly realise the realities the city had and the activism conducted in Bangalore. He was very active with everything related to the city, both academically and practically. He gave an active take on the city as a lawyer, and environmentalist and an activist. With that discussion, further research was conducted with a better direction towards the topic of my interest. Since he is an environmentalist, I further got more resources related to planning, greenery and status of development in the city.
Left and Top - Local Inline train
Further activities to understand travel were conducted to realise how passengers travel from point a to point b. In this exercise we were to go from one metro station to another using three modes of transport. With a lot of explorations of the space using buses, autos and ultimately the metro we understood the time taken to travel from one place to another in Bangalore. We even came across uncommon ways people travel in order to avoid traffic and use of fuels. One, which involved only using the metro followed by the local trains, which wasn’t a common use of transport particularly in Bangalore.
Project Shape Taking in all the research methods, interviews and study I realised I really wanted to choose the something which resonated with all my understandings of Bangalore. I realised ecology was something I really wanted to work with since it immediately affected me. My project attempts to understand and find a relationship between nature, human and technology in the context of Transit in Bangalore. This particular transit happens to be situated in the landmarks of the metro stations of Cubbon Park and Vidhana Soudha, both located in the heart of Bangalore. Bangalore can be taken as a larger site to understand this, since it is a city, which has considerably been affected by these 3 influencers. The evolution of Bangalore from the Garden City to a Metropolitan City has taken a toll on the various ecologies and environments dependent on it.
Kaggadaspura in 2012
Kaggadaspura in 2000
With the real estate and technological boom Bangalore faced since the early 2000’s till now, Bangalore has been a forever growing organism growing to levels unfathomable. Real estate especially has taken over land like Kings entering and claiming their land. An article by Vaddakus, revealed a part of the effect I wanted to analyse, the effect of it in a span of a few years.It was almost disturbing to see different satellite views showing the land then and now.
Cutting of Trees, Article in Deccan Hearld
What was even more disturbing was how the eventual development of a place affects trees. The constant expansion has led to widening of roads, which cuts all the existing trees. This is a very frequent experience in Bangalore. The solution to reduce traffic always gets answered by the fact that roads should be widened, despite livelihoods being dependant there and trees being there for years. The most impactful one to me personally was when the Boulevard got cut down when the M.G road metro station had to be developed.
I look at the tree as the main ambassador of what I want to research about. The tree is a symbol of life. It provides oxygen for the living beings, serves as a home for many organisms, holds the soil for other organisms to thrive controls our water table and brings rain amongst its many other roles. Having studied Biology in the past, I have had this fascination towards plants and ecosystems. I have noticed that in general, as a child we are taught a lot about plants and there is some kind of mystery and magic we find in them, etc. but after a point we lose interest and unless someone really likes gardening, nobody really takes a particular interest in it. I want to bring this interest back and be able to plant the seed in everybody’s mind that it is a necessity. In the larger picture, I want to make a statement not only a statement for the trees of Bangalore, but a larger political, economic, historical, social construct reflecting the cosmopolitan nature of Bangalore.
Proposing the project
Bangalore has had a very on and off relationship with respect to its green cover. Since centuries it has been given the tag of the Garden City due to its consistent weather throughout the year, its punctual rains, its stable water table and its overall green presence in the city. With the sudden boom of technology and commercialization, Bangalore began to suffer badly. With real estate conquering a new piece of land by the minute, trees were cut down to the levels unimaginable destroying ecosystems dependent on it. Species of birds and insects began to reduce and the water tables in each and every area began to dry out affecting the soil too. Land became completely desertified and the changes have been drastic. The dwindling green cover of Bangalore is therefore not a very unknown topic to commuters in Bangalore. Stemming from the relationship I have had with Bangalore, I base my practice around this project on nostalgia. Being a child of Bangalore, I have seen the changes it has been through and haven’t liked all of what I have seen. Having lived here all my life, I have noticed how Bangalore’s environment has changed in the past years. This is where I want to know what role I can play as a person who is not against development and naturally not against nature. There is a definitive co - existence required and I want to see if it can be achieved. I wanted to fuse in these diametrically opposite realities of ecology and technology and see if there can be any kind of symbiosis.
Left - Community Gardening Experiments
Preliminary Proposals and Concepts These were 4 of my main concepts stemming from the core idea of ecology 1.A series of live terrarium sculptures would be installed across the walls in the metro station. They would have satellite maps of Bangalore (N-E-W-S) in which the plants would be growing. In the pictorial view, it can later show the plants growing and taking over lands. In a way, metaphorically making a statement about how we took theirs. It could take a form of a live info graphic which responds to people. 2.A set of gardening and planting experiments would be conducted in or outside the areas of the metro station. A way of bringing back our lost forests within the city is what is in mind. Further on, the community and various other organizations can be involved to make it a larger goal for everybody in Bangalore. In one way, there would be a better interaction with the government, ecology and the public. Also, since Cubbon Park is taken in mind, there is to be some kind of sustainable compost activity done which will in turn help benefit the urban forest.
Left Images - Examples of Terrariums Right Images - Live Mural and Biomodd (All are reference images)
3.Live murals are another form, which can be a part of the station and beyond. These murals can be part painted and part live which would be an interesting interaction with the space and people in that space. The people around could either plant or paint, which would make it a permanently growing structure which changes throughout the time. Vertical Gardening would be explored. 4.Inspired from the Biomodd, a real life ecosystem can be made which integrates all the gnawing factors of Bangalore, in turn making a community within a community. This would in turn involve people from various fields and have permanence due to the ever-growing community. This is the only project in which the site has been thought of to its detail. In the site involving the coolant, I plan to grow a chain of things, which are dependent on each other. This would entail a collaboration of scientists, ecologists, coders, etc. It would show a definite symbiosis of algae growing on processors in turn growing plants coded to other various technologies.
Research Questions
1.How can we involve community without being intrusive or imposing to the public? 2.Is such a structure of community, ecology and technology feasible in the long run? If so, what kinds of measures are to be taken to make it self-sustainable? 3.What is its contributing factor, which would engage people on a long-term basis? 4.What would encroachment be for a person? In the context of any other species taking over the world?
Proposal and Formalizing Concept
This was the first image which affected me with the idea of encroachment of land by the trees, the opposite effect of what is currently happening now; i.e. we are taking over land like its ours. This is what struck me and I decided to begin with the first and second concept in my proposal.
Magic
Mystery Encroachment
Impact
Planting Land grabbing
Conquer
Farming
Aerial expanse Change Community
Vertical Gardens
Terrariums
Cultivation Keywords
Trees
Metropolitian
Urbanisation Privatisation Globalisation
These are a few keywords I connected to with my project.
Nature Technology
Development Murder
My Inspirations Masanobu Fukuoka Masanobu Fukuoka was the first few of my inspirations related especially to cultivation. He was a Japanese farmer and philosopher celebrated for his natural farming and re-vegetation of desertified lands. Among other practices, he abandoned pruning an area of citrus trees, which caused the trees to become affected by insects and tangled branches. He stated that the experience taught him the difference between nature and non-intervention. Fukuoka began to practise and experiment with new techniques on organic citrus orchards and used the observations gained to develop the idea of natural farming. He had various ideas to combat desertification completely which is what I found interesting. His traditional practices and complete use of organic method was what I really connected to.
Patrick Bergsma Dutch artist Patrick Bergsma demonstrates his endless creativity in sculpting floating, post-apocalyptic homes. Appearing to defy gravity, old ramshackle buildings painted in rustic shades meld with rock formations and elaborate root systems. Bonsai trees sprout from the top, creating darkly beautiful habitats for tiny, marooned people; a helicopter lands perilously atop one, and on another, a girl kneels pensively amongst the roots of a dead tree. Aside from being objects of imagination and extreme detail, many themes seem to be occurring throughout Bergsma’s sculptures, such as the reclaiming power of nature; trees appear to be taking over the ruined buildings. This theme directly connected with my concept.
Patrick Blanc Patrick Blanc is a French botanist, working at the French National Centre for Scientific Research, where he specializes in plants from tropical forests. He is responsible for modernizing and popularizing the Vertical Garden Type.
Art In Transit
Experience of Transit
Curatorial Process and Framework
Transit as a Social Network
Aesthetics and Aspirations Participatory Networks
The City - Past, Present and Future
The Other Land The Traveller
Our project further divided into 4 more branches to make it more fluid visually for any viewer / traveller. To have a better sense of each and every project we were put into further categories to make a clearer sense of where we fit in project wise. Aesthetics and Aspirations was what felt closest to my ideas and the keywords resonated with my project and this is why I went forward with this curatorial framework. Aesthetics and Aspiration dealt with the actual Aspiration of Bangalore and what the city of Bangalore is willing to achieve. In a way, my project could be something, which looks at the ecological aspirations of Bangalore.
Spaces chosen in the Station
Images of the metro station entrance near the High Court
The selection of the area where our intervention was to be put up and re - imagined was crucial to our process. In this entire task, we really had to understand how passengers would hypothetically respond to it, and see the flow of passageways and understand movement. I made mine at an important entry point because I wanted to work with expanse; a wall to show that obvious impact and ensure it wasn’t intruding to any of the passengers.
Map showing the space which I was inclined to work at along with the group Aestetics and Aspirations
Form and Prototype
Actual map of Rural and Urban Bangalore
I really wanted my project to show the effect of encroachment and started looking at the main words ‘lands being taken over’. What if land was encroached vice versa, in which trees took away our homes and livelihoods and fed on us. How would that feel and create an impact? I thought visually it could best be represented by a satellite map showing the current map of Bangalore with the areas of green covered by actual plants. Eventually as the plants would grow, it would slowly and gradually take over the land and it could be easily observed. This made me realise the effect and I immediately began to study maps.
Satellite Image of a part of Bangalore Image of Succulents in a Vertical Garden
I started studying maps of Bangalore and looking at the growth of succulents (a variety of cactus) in vertical gardens and began noticing a similarity in their patterns. I ended up visualising it as a mini city of succulents.
Image Above - Visualization of the map in the space
A rough sketch of how I saw Buildings from a Plane Satellite map of a part of Bangalore
All images - Cacti growing on paper maps
Throughout the advent of studying maps, I started studying the growth of the kinds of plants too. I started making simple models of terrariums where I grew tiny plants to see how they grow. I even planted them on top of a paper map to see how they would look in scale. These experiments continued and I kept expanding on form from then on.
I started to see which plants are ideal to grow in low light since they would be grown indoors. I also started to analyse what type of soil would be ideal in their growth and what other sorts of precautions should be thought of. In one way, I would have to create an artificial ecosystem to ensure that they survive. I had to study them furthermore to understand how hardy the plants are to live on a long - term basis.
Aloe and rose cactus growing in Shivajinagar
I started experimenting with the visual elements and the sort of plants, which would make an impact. I got an immediate critique that practically speaking Bangalore could never be in the shape of a rectangle since it is radial in nature. With that in mind, I began to rethink the shape of my form.
Plants
Visualisation of Prototype
Due to the radial structure of Bangalore, The map was changed to a circular organic structure. Further on, below that layer would be the soil present. On the top layers, a set of full spectrum bulbs would be present. The water would be re - circulated to be sprayed again at certain intervals.
Maps
Inspiration for the Prototype
I was inspired by the vertical gardens which used succulents as their primary element. As it turned out, there were quite a few successfull indoor ones too which made me better prepped up for my prototype.
Indoor vertical gardens
Prototyping Phase
Pebbles and activated charcoal
I began working on my experiments and began to create miniature terrariums to study the growth of plants and understand the possibilities and dynamics involved with my project. I wanted to make a clear, solid foundation, which started with a layer of pebbles, followed by a copper mesh net to make the drainage even better, followed by a layer of activated carbon. Activated Carbon is very good at absorption and therefore is good for drainage of water and absorbs excess presence of moisture, which is harmful for the ecosystem of a terrarium. Copper is an essential element for plant growth. Soils naturally contain copper in some form or other, ranging anywhere from 2 to 100 parts per million (ppm) and averaging at about 30 ppm. After that I took a solid brick of cocopeat absorption which helps is a good alternative for soil. Most plants grow at their best when grown in soil with a pH range which best suits them. Most cacti and other succulent plants grow well in slightly acidic soil around pH6.
Soil pH Description 1 - 2 Very Strongly Acidic 3 Strongly Acidic 4 Acidic 5 Acidic 6 Slightly Acidic 7 Neutral 8 Slightly Alkaline 9 - 10 Alkaline 11 - 12 Strongly Alkaline 13 - 14 Very Strongly Alkalin
Suitability for Cultivation Unsuitable Tolerated by very few Suitable for some Suitable for many Suitable for most Suitable Tolerated by few Tolerated by few Unsuitable Unsuitable
Coco peat has high water-holding capacity. It can hold water up to eight times of its weight and release it over a period of time.Coco peat has ideal pH in the range of 6-6.7. Coco peat has some antifungal properties that help plants to get rid of soil borne diseases. It is a biodegradable source that degrades very slowly and has a life of three to four years. Contains significant amounts of phosphorous (1050ppm) and potassium (150-450 ppm).
A study of the ideal ph level required for succulents
Cocopeat in the expanded and brick version
The most important factor in choosing a planting medium is that it allows food, water and air to get to the roots and is porous enough to let water drain through. Vermiculite is an important ingredient. The conditions were studied and the amount required was increased from 20 to 50 percent. It is perfect for drainage conditions which is integral for Succulents.
Vermiculite added as a mixture; a substitute for soil
The water intake is a very tricky part in respect to the succulents grown. They require water in a span of twice in two weeks, not more then that. Since the coco peat is well aired and doesn’t dry up completely, it does not require too much access to water. The ones, which do get ample water, die out and begin to rot, I did that in one particular plant and it ended up rotting in parts and almost started ruining the plants around. So I tried a simple timer based water piping drip irrigation system, which provides drops of water only during certain times. The water would again be reused from a container and would recycle again using a basic single outlet
Left - Air Pump and the connectors for the pipes.
air pump which runs on 2 watts. It pumps up 1.5l per minute when switched on with the timer and an even spray goes into the soil for the succulents. The water which drains from this again and in the form of pipes the water is used up again when switched on. It will increase during the summers. A water sensor has been used to study this too.
Since I wanted this to be situated indoors, I had to explore the dependability on artificial lights. As an experiment, I bought 20 pcs of LED diode True 1 Watt Growlight that was a full spectrum white light, ideal for indoor plants. The experiments are still being conducted to see if it is completely possible to grow them without any natural sunlight at all. For succulents, lights that will emit at least 2,000 lumens for each square foot of light. In direct sunlight at noon there are 10,000 lumens per square foot, but if you run 2,000 or more lumen bulbs for 14 or more hours a day, the plants will get approximately the same light exposure as they would in the heat of the summer. Color temperature is essentially the visible color that the grow lights radiate. This is measured in Kelvins. Plants need light that is in a specific range of color temperatures to be able to give them the light they need to grow. The optimal color temperature for succulents starts at about 5,000 Kelvins, which will give your succulents cool and full spectrum light that closely resembles sunlight.
All images- Attempts with Terrariums and understanding growth
Water line LED Grow Lights
Plans for final installation – final visualization
Water Resorvoir
Plans for final installation – Visualization of the project on site.
Structure on the site
Making Charges (Final) Based on the experiments conducted in this week and next. Basic Estimate (based on the cost done for prototyping ) 30,000 Installation Charges ,Labor Charges as per the making charges.
Font and side view of the installation
Plans for final installation - Timeline
1st May to 3rd May – Getting hold of the right vendors for the plants on the scale required. 4th may to 10th May – Working on the base structure with the dimensions for the drainage of water and the reuse of water for the plants. 11th May to 16th May – Creating a good foundation for the plants and the whole structure. Base materials to be sourced and used in the structure. A proper mechanism figured out and achieved about water and drainage. Base materials - Gravel, Activated Charcoal, Copper Wires, and Coconut husk mixture. Layer of peat sheet. Gathering all these materials on the scale required. 17th to 21st May – Figuring out the representation of the city on that scale, printing on cloth, relief on a material, etc. 21st May to 28th May – Gathering the plants decided upon and planting them. Figuring out the maximum potential of light for the plants 28th May to 10 June – Fixing on the drip irrigation method and making sure of all the loopholes involved (whether the plants are receiving enough water) 10th June to 18th June - Allocating all the parts and layers involved and beginning installation 18th June to 26th June – Installation Days
Plants chosen and other technicalities
The plants chosen are varieties of the Genu’s Aloe and Echeveria. They have been chosen due to their radial growth which would contribute visually, and hardy nature. Aloe Vera from the genus aloe is convinient for the installation and has been used in all my experiments and has survived. Echeveria Pachyfytum and Echeveria Hookerii are the other chosen ones to show a range in the vegetaion and a have a different variety and colour. They both require a substantial amount of sunlight. For succulents, lights that will emit at least 2,000 lumens for each square foot of light for 14 or more hours a day. Colour Temperature of Light - The optimal color temperature for succulents starts at about 5,000 Kelvins which will give your succulents cool and full spectrum light that closely resembles sunlight.Grolights would be used instead of Natural Lighting. Drip irrigation would be used attached to a timer and it would be spraying water only twice in a week. These plants rot in too much water, even with drainage.
Citations/ bibliography
- http://www.juxtapoz.com/news/installation/rebecca-louise-law-s-hanging-flower-gardens/ - http://www.instructables.com/id/Vertical-Garden-1/?ALLSTEPS - Secret life of Plants (Book and the Documentary) -Deccan Traverse (Book) - Biomodd (http://www.biomodd.net/) - Ron Finley (https://www.ted.com/talks/ron_finley_a_guerilla_gardener_in_south_central_la#t-359515) - Glass House -The Jewel of Lalbagh (Book) - Janaki Nair(Author) - Social Justice and the City - Insurgent City - Viktor Schauberger - Preservation Acts related to Land and forestry - http://succulent-plant.com/soil_ph.html - http://thiraviyamcocopeat.com/blog/?page_id=3 - http://www.alijardin.es/blog/blog/edificios-que-respiran-arquitectura-vegetal/ - http://www.sunset.com/garden/backyard-projects/diy-vertical-succulent-garden-project/planting-succu lents https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Blanc - http://www.instructables.com/id/Vertical-Garden-1/?ALLSTEPS - http://www.architectureartdesigns.com/20-excellent-diy-examples-how-to-make-lovely-vertical-garden/ - http://www.decoist.com/2015-07-20/home-garden-hydroponic-systems/hydroponic-towers-on-a-rooftop-garden/
- http://www.bhg.com/gardening/container/plans-ideas/make-a-living-succulent-picture/#page=14 - http://www.buzzfeed.com/mallorymcinnis/thyme-to-garden?utm_term=.lweZ6enox#.peM4V6J7K - http://suculentasminhas.blogspot.in/2012/01/arte-viva-quadros-de-suculentas.html - One Straw Revolution - http://www.suculentasminhas.blogspot.in/2012/04/terrarium.html - http://infochangeindia.org/environment/features/slaughter-of-trees.html - http://needlesandleaves.net/blog/2015/11/4/how-to-grow-succulents-in-artificial-light - https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj59_i3g6PMAhXNbY4KHXy9BgEQFggoMAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fstatic.esgindia.org%2Fcampaigns%2FTree%2520felling%2Farticles.html&usg=AFQjCNHcz6VDDu0PqlCGfdE6dMKweU95xQ&sig2=1VYcPT4hrZcot8ezzuj7dg - http://bangalore.citizenmatters.in/articles/3017-why-are-trees-falling-2011 - http://www.atree.org/sites/default/files/articles/sustainability-06-02459.pdf - http://www.icontrolpollution.com/articles/role-of-trees-in-mitigating-the-problem-ofdust-pollution-instone-quarries-a-casestudy-bangalore-and-kolar-districts-.php?aid=45538 - http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/diy-vertical-succulent-garden-110133 - http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/the-best-of-vertical-gardening-inspiration-diy-resources-188013 - http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/dwell-on-design-vertical-garde-120573 - http://www.wildwanderer.com/flowering-trees/ - http://www.bangalorenotes.com/common_trees_of_bangalore.html - http://jlrexplore.com/gallery/photostories/the-flowering-trees-of-bangalore - http://www.mysunnybalcony.com/bangalore-flower-power/
- http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/shopping/store_profiles/gsky-plant-systems-living-walls-green-roofs-store-profile-170667 - https://img.buzzfeed.com/buzzfeed-static/static/2015-03/19/17/enhanced/webdr08/ enhanced-22834-1426800410-18.jpg?no-auto - http://www.decoist.com/2015-06-23/creative-garden-plant-containers/ - http://www.decoist.com/low-maintenance-plants/ - http://bangalore.citizenmatters.in/articles/your-guide-to-tree-planting-this-season
Acknowledgement
- I would firstly like to thank my family who has given me the luck of being part of such an Institution, which made me broaden my horizons and work on things I had never fathomed before. They’ve been a pillar of support forever. - Srishti Institute of Art, Design and Technology for giving us such a platform to work on and making my four years of college memorable. - Art in Transit for being the project that it is. I would like to thank Amitabh Kumar, Abhiyan Humane, Arzu Mistry, Shivani Sheshadri, Aastha Chauhan, Aditya Bharadwaj, Siddhanth Shetty, and Gaurav Singh for conducting such an amazing project and helping me throughout. - BMRC for giving us such a brilliant opportunity. - My peers in Art in Transit whose inputs helped me in some way or the other. - My friends for helping me and sticking through these times. - Mr.David for giving me inputs at any point of time. - Gauri Mashi who has a lot of knowledge related to botany.
Thank you
Anwesha Chakraborty. Art In Transit. 2016