A welcome return for the Peak’s starlings

I wrote previously about the Peak’s recovering population of starlings, both those breeding in local woods and gardens, and the flocks of feeding birds on the moors and bogs in late summer, and also the wintertime murmurations. I am re-visiting this species because I was blown away by the stunning springtime plumage of the breeding male birds. For most people, the starling is probably a smallish, dark, or even primarily black bird and often viewed in fast-moving flocks. However, up-close in good sunlight these birds are outrageously colourful with a range of multi-coloured metallic sheens from green, to purple and blue, and gold. As a very young birdwatcher I only had two field guides, the ‘Observer’s Book of British Birds’, and the 1930s, Edmund Sandar’s ‘Bird Book for the Pocket’. Images in the former were mainly black and white, and in the latter, were colour but rather lacking in finesse. I recall spotting my first starlings in bright sunlight on a rooftop and the only bird that had a description and image matching what I saw turned out to be a kingfisher. I knew this was wrong, but my bird appeared to be blue and purple with a shimmering sheen. Well, it wasn’t a kingfisher but a starling. Indeed, at that time river pollution had wiped out most of the local kingfishers and it would be another ten years before I saw one for real!

Starlings went through a major dip in numbers some years ago, but seem to have recovered well more recently. Re-wetting the moors and bogs, difficult in drought years, is a big help for summer-feeding starling flocks. The birds feast on cranefly larvae (leatherjackets) emerging from wet moors, grasslands, and bogs, so projects like ‘Moors for the Future’ are a big help in this. On a good, wet moor there may be more biomass of cranefly larvae feeding on plant roots underground than there are for example, sheep grazing above ground. These insects emerge en masse in midsummer and are targeted by starlings and by red grouse too.

This is a bird which local people can help through things like garden feeders. Starlings love dried mealworms for example, and imaginative use of feeders filled with these will act as magnets to flocks of them that will descend excitedly and noisily to become a feeding frenzy. Once the birds are used to the feeders being there, then they will return in numbers. They like fat-balls too, but mealworms are their food of choice.

A final confusion with starlings is when the young birds are around during the mid and late summer. Their plumage varies dramatically from the adults, so these very approachable youngsters are highly visible but so very different from their parents that people get rather confused. Of course, the other interesting behaviour exhibited by starlings is their uncanny ability to mimic other bird songs and calls. I remember rushing from my parents’ house to try and spot a green woodpecker I could hear ‘yaffling’, but only to find a starling doing a perfect impression. Similarly, a curlew flying over the house turned out to be another starling. You can actually tell where the starlings have been feeding from their calls based on the birds they associate with, such as a green woodpecker on open heathland, a curlew on the wet moors, or an oystercatcher or redshank on a seashore!