Towards a Greener Rajkot - RAJKOT DEVELOPMENT PLAN - CEPT Studio work

RAJKOT DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2041 DEVELOPMENT PLAN STUDIO 2019

Guided by:

Submitted by:

Prof. Amit Gotecha Rishika Bowen

Aspruha Swain PG180178 1

Acknowledgement “Feeling gratitude and not expressing it is like wrapping a present and not giving it.”

-William Arthur Ward

I would like to express my gratitude to our studio faculty Prof. Amit Gotecha and Academic associate Ar. Rishika bowen and all other faculties of the foundation studio of Masters of Planning at Cept University for their constant guidance, encouragement and constructive feedbacks which helped me enrich and enhance my knowlegde and understanding of the studio excercises to reach the final conclusion with this portfolio.

I would also like to thank my family members and friends for all their support throughout the years. Lastly, I would like to thank all my fellow classmates, who stood beside and helped me in making this purpose a success.

2

PREFACE A “development plan” is an aspect of town and country planning comprising a set of documents that set out the local authority’s policies and proposals for the development and use of land in their area. The development plan guides and shapes day-today decisions as to whether or not planning permission should be granted, under the system known as development control or development management in Scotland. In order to ensure that these decisions are rational and consistent, they must be considered against the development plan adopted by the authority, after public consultation and having proper regard for other material factors.

In India Development Plan process is a provincial/state subject.

There are various town planning authorities under each province/ state that assess the growth of areas, identify suitable areas for housing, industry, public infrastructure and allocate budgets.

Each of the metropolitan cities in India has an Agency which is responsible for Development Planning exercise of the cities.

The ‘Development Plan Studio’ aimed at preparing Development Plans of 3 cities as Rajkot, Surat and BharuchAnkaleswar. The cities were divided among the 46 students.

Rajkot city, as was assigned for us, is an upcoming smart city in the country with major Industrial centres of Shaurastra.

The Studio provided us liberty in planning the Development plan for the year 2041 through various approaches with certain vision instead of the conventional methods of approaching a Development plan.

The publication is about the characteristics of an urban fringe area in a city like Ahmedabad , which transformed from a privately owned agricultural land use area into a fully built one in the year 2018.

3

CONTENTS 01

Precinct Planning Development Plan Comparison Study

02

03

4

Existing Situation Analysis Approach (Methodology, Vision, Objectives) Initial Concepts Proposals

Key learnings and Reflections

Overview of the precinct -

SG H ighwa y

SECTION A

Kalupur 15km

45mins

S.P. R

1. Precinct Planning

ing ro ad

Airport

The 1sq.km area chosen for me is located at the far earstern fringe of Vastral, Ahmedabad.

S.P. R

To understand the basic concepts of preparing a Development Plan, the Second semeter studio started with our understanding of the 1st semester studio work with 1sq.km area in Ahmedadabad, that was chosen for us to analyse the different layers; prepare a S.W.O.T. Analysis of the area and suggest short term as well as long term proposals for the area.

ing ro ad

60mins

-- The distance of the precinct from the Central Business district of Ahmedabad ie 15km.

-- The precinct can be reached through the AMTS public bus transport or by private vehicles.

-- The bus stops for AMTS bus routes 142/142S/144-1/144-1S are located 900 m towards the west and south from the center of the precinct.

Public Housing society

5

Landmarks: Vastral Lake Garden M.B. Patel Hospital

Ahmedabad Bhudan Office Torrent Power Sub-Station

Madhav School Vastral Cross Road

Mixed use buidings along SP Ring road

Gated Living

5

Strengths:

Weakness:

Opportunities:

Organized street grid and Walkable Urban blocks-

Planned but yet to be developed Infrastructure-

Lower Jantri rates-

Block perimeter ranges between 500m to 1400m,

S.P. R

ing r oad

Mean Block perimeter:

912m

Block Perimeter in meters >1000

60% of the roads are universally unaccessible due to the lack of road infrastructure and rain water catchpits.

±

600-830 980-1000 480-600 830-980

24% of lands under pulic domain, Maximum publicly owned lands under AMC-

S.P. Ring road Kaccha roads Pakka roads

Yet to be developed public transport -

0

Legend

50

100

Median market price:

Rs.33,000/sqm 200

300

400

Meters

Lower jantri rates shall attract more investments

(Rupees/sqm) 7250 7750 8000 8250 8500

Yet to be utilized FSIAMC ABO State Government AUDA

Precinct provides only gated living societies.

Falls under the Affordable zone.

Precinct within 1km radius of SP Ring road Affordable zone-

S.P. Ring road R1 zone R2 zone Residential Affordable Housing zone-RAH

6

Maximum Permissible FSI:

2.75

Average consumed FSI:

1.2

0.28-0.76 0.77-1.20 1.21-2.00 2.01-3.65

pb parcel

PROPOSALS SHORT TERM PROPOSALS

LONG TERM PROPOSALS

1.

Vastral lake garden-Major recreational hub of the city

2.

3

1

2

3.

Major Tourist attraction for revenue generation

1. Landscaping, footpaths and bus stops provision on the S.P. Ring road3m wide footpath with archades

6m wide service lane with zebra crossings

9m wide footpath with landscaping

2.5m wide car parking

median with landscaping and street furniture

Bus stops upon the 9m wide footpaths

Mandatory provision of archades/sheltered paths for the developments along the S.P. Ring road through Development Control Regulations: 2. Redesigning deignated AMC Parking lot Car parking and Bicycle parking Separate with surrounding compound Cycle track wall and landscaping in AMC 2.5m wide parking lot

7.5m wide carraigeway

3. Proposed Street Design for the roads-

3m wide footpath with landscaping

7

SINGAPORE - CENTRAL REGION MASTER PLAN - 2030 SECTION A

Prepared in -

2014 (reviewed every 5 years) Area

- 133 Sq.km 2. DP Comparision Study

Prepared by - Master Plan Committee, Urban Redevelopment Authority Population

Population Density

- 9.30 Lakhs

- 6,978/sq.km

Approach to MP: 5 Planning regions

Key Plan

To understand the different approaches of preparing a Development Plan, the study and comparison of International and National Development plans was initiated among two students in each group.

55 Planning Areas, with Planning area subzones (previously, DGPs) within Combined to form one Master Plan

Among the 23 groups, our group had chosen the cases of Central region, Singapore and Chandigarh according to the various similar parameters of the two cities such as similar land area, emphasis on greens as well as sustainable approaches.

8

Before any development work is carried out, Development Control Deptt.

Evaluates and grants approval for projects

Step 5

State land is then released for development through the Government Land Sales Programme

Step 4

Copies of Master Plan made available for free inspection by & for sale at reasonable price to public

Step 3

Objections and representations, and public enquiries etc, before the Master plan is amended by the Minister

Step 2

Notice of submission of Proposal to amend Master plan for Inspection after the Concept plan is made

Step 1

Key Takeaways: * Approach to DP/MP is different * Singapore and Chandigarh use land acquisition * DP process in Singapore doesnot involve people’s participation whereas Chandigarh does.

GROWTH Spatial growth pattern of Singapore:

2002 Area: 680sq.km

2010 Area: 700sq.km

Population trends of Central Region, Singapore:

2018 Area: 720sq.km

1200000 1000000 800000 600000 400000 200000 0

1980

1990

2000

2010

2020

Land reclamation began at the Marina bay area in Singapore to increase the land area of Singapore from 580sq.km to 766sq.km in the year 2030.

The population in the Central Region reduced from 13,64,000 in 1980 to 11,30,000 in the year 1990.

This will help accommodate around 6.5 million to 6.9 million residents in whole of Singapore by then, as set out in the 2013 Population White Paper and Land Use Plan.

The year 2010 shows slight increase in the population, which again declines by 0.5% in the year 2018.

Source: https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/new-ideas-to-feed-a-growing-island

Source: The Population of Singapore: (2nd Edition),By Saw Swee-Hock pdf

Statutory base:

BENDEMEER PLANNING AREA SUBZONE (previously‘Development Guide Plan’), KALLANG PLANNING AREA

Plan prepared by - Urban Redevelopment Authority, Land Transport Authority Plan sanctioned by - The Minister of Ministry for National Development Plan prepared & sanctioned under the Act - Planning Act , 1998 Relevant sections of the Act - 6, Part-II, Section 12(1), [Section 10 of part II involves pulic participation in the planning process]

Key Plan

Implementation mechanism: Government activities including local government activities are carried out by government departments organised under ministries or by statutory boards characterised by their functions, each with its own specific terms of reference.

Each statutory board is empowered with enabling legislation to implement its programmes.

Implemented by Land Acquisition

Area: 1.41sq.km 9

CHANDIGARH - PERSPECTIVE PLAN- 2031 Prepared in - 2014 Area

- 114 Sq.km

Population

- 10.56Lakhs

Prepared by - Department of Urban Planning Chandigarh Population Density

-150 PPH

Preparation of Perspective Plan 2013 Expert Committee (11 Members) 3.

Preparation of Strategy and Methodology Study of historical documents , ongoing policies and projects of the administration Interaction with various stakeholders: Traders, Industrialists, Resident welfare organizations, Municipal Councillors, etc Draft Master Plan notified by Chandigarh Administration for inviting public objections and suggestions Draft Master Plan- 2031 prepared Expert Committee deliberated and considered major issues like Preservation of original concept Presentation made by RITES regarding Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Chandigarh Urban Complex Meetings held with representatives of Government of India, State Governments of Punjab and Haryana

10

Chief Architect, Chandigarh Administration finalised the Master Plan

Source: Chandigarh Master Plan

10

Final Master Plan 2031 still pending for notification

GROWTH

2000

2008

2018

Source: generated by author

Source: Urban Progression in Chandigarh-Report

In Phase I, 36 sq Km of land was acquired by the city administration for construction of 30 sectors.

Land for seventeen additional Sectors (Sector 31 to 47) was acquired and developed during the second phase to cater for a population of 350000 the predominance of 3 to 4 storey apartments in second phase provide for higher population dimension.

Chandigarh was planned for the population of half a million and present data shows that the population has grown double than planned for i.e 10, 54,686.

Development in the third phase has started in sector 48 and beyond.

Statutory base:

IMPLEMENTATION MECHANISM

Plan prepared by - Constitution of Expert Committee(11 Members) Plan sanctioned by Chandigarh Administration Plan prepared & sanctioned under the Act -‘The Punjab New Capital( Periphery) Control Act, 1952 as also the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments, Not Sanctioned yet Relevant Section of the Act S 3- Power of Government to Transfer of Land and Building S4—Power to issue directions in respect of erection of buildings

(SECTOR PLANS AND PERSPECTIVE PLANS FOR POCKETS)

The perspective plan prepares for 17 Pockets along the periphery of Chandigarh. (Implemented by Land Acquisition)

The grid pattern is maintained in Phase II and III of the Masterplan.

Key Plan

Periphery Boundary

A typical sector consists primarily of residential typology with small commercial and institutional units like retail shops and healthcare, respectively.

Typical Sector Plan

Perspective Plan for 17 Pockets

Source: Chandigarh Master Plan

11

RAJKOT DEVELOPMENT PLAN-2041

SECTION B Preparation of Development Plan for the city of Rajkot, 2041

EXISTING SITUATION ANALYSIS: LOCATION & CONNECTIVITY MORBI HWY

JAM RA NAGA JKO T H RWY

KOT AD RAJ EDAB M H A Y HW

Steps followed for envisioning the Development Plan: 1. Perception and Analysis of the City from Secondary sources like Census 2011, RUDA and RMC wesites etc.

5 Talukas - Paddari, Lodhika, Tankara, Rajkot, Kotda Sangani

AD LAW A K AD RO

RGA Y NA HW AV OT BH AJK R

2. !st site visit and impressions of the city with individual transect study.

Administrative Boundaries-

3. Further site visits for individual concepts for preparing the DP through S.W.O.T. Analysis 4. Groups of 4 divided to focus on different visions for the outcome of Development Plan

Railway

GONDAL ROAD

Existing Airport Proposed Airport

RMC : Area- 104.85 sqkm, Wards- 23 RUDA: Area- 581.45 sqkm, Villages- 54 Overall Rajkot:

Area: 686 sqkm

5. Stakeholders’ perceptions of the city.

6. Preparation of final DP through frequent iterations.

12

Locational significance* Centrally located in Shaurastra region * 4th largest city in Gujarat (area) * Manufacturing and Service sector for Western Gujarat

Population- 15.35 lakhs (2011 census)

URBAN GROWTH THROUGHOUT THE YEARS

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AVERAGE ELEVATION 123M

1991-1996

2006-2011

1996-2001

2011-2016

2001-2006

2018

Lowest point of Elevation 40 Highest point of Elevation 150 The Saurashtra region is structurally a horst.

It lies in Seismic Zone III, which is Moderate Risk Zone.

The city, at a macrolevel shows relatively higher elevation, also the source region for many rivers.

Therefore, the city is NOT flood prone.

DEMOGRAPHY POPULATION

Urban population- 84% (Job centers, Infrastructure) Rural population- 16% (Farmlands)

WORKING POPULATION

Urban population- 35% (Service) Rural population- 41% (Agriculture and Industrial)

HOUSEHOLD SIZE

Urban population- 4.64 (Nuclear family) Rural population- 5.14 (Joint family)

CRUDE LITERACY RATE

Urban population- 78.38% (Better Education facility) Rural population- 69.17% (Lack of education facility)

Source : RUDA Report part-1 and NPTEL IIT Kharagpur Web Courses

13

ROAD NETWORK CHARACTERISTICS Road type

Length (km)

Average ROW (m)

Highways

121

22

Arterials

305

12-18

Collector & Local

1704

7.5

Outer roads

560

10

RMTS Network BRTS Existing BRTS Proposed Major Bus Stops

2291km – Total road network in Rajkot 1799km – RMC (79%), 492km – RUDA (21%) 22.98km – average road density Rajkot city has a dense road network.

14

210km – BRTS & RMTS network 10.5km – existing BRTS network 2013 – RMC began BRTS & RMTS operations Only 3% of the citizens use Public Transport

JANTRI RATES

MARKET PRICES vs JANTRI RATES

150 ft. Ring Road Airport Road

Rail Nagar

Bhavnagar Road

Nirmala Convent Road Kalawad

GIDC

Gondal Road

Takeaways: 150 ft Ring road

Rs. 10,62,000/sq.m.

Rail Nagar

Rs. 32,280/sq.m.

Nirmala Convent road

Rs. 1,56,000/sq.m.

Kalawad road

Rs. 17,200/sq.m.

Gondal Road

Rs. 32,280/sq.m.

Aji GIDC Area

Rs. 1,20,500/sq.m.

•

Jantri rates are higher along the periphery of RMC and lower in the Core city.

•

Highest jantri rates (Rs 22000) are observ ed near Kalawad road.

•

Lowest jantri rates (Rs 113) in Dhamalpar.

•

Ramnagar Industrial area - Rs 153.

Airport Road

Rs. 1,07,000/sq.m

•

Railnagar Residential area - Rs 1050

Bhavnagar road

Rs. 24,100/sq.m.

*Highest rates observed near 150 ft. Ring Road. *Lesser prices observed on the eastern side and peri-urban areas like Kalawad and ShaparVeraval. *Some areas were found to have increased land value due to new residential projects.

Eg. Airport Road, Nirmala Convent Road.

15

LAND USE CHARACTERISTICS KALAWAD Transect Study -

Plaza and squares Regional institutions Wide sidewalks

Urban Core Hospital Chowk

Street lighting Large built masses

Low rise residential units Open but fallow lands Farmlands

Low density industrial units More hardscape Livestock

General urban

Sub urban

18 kms

Metoda

Transect LandUse Study The 6 major transects of Rajkot which are Kalawad road, Gondal road, Bhavnagar road, Ahmedabad road, Morbi road and the 150ft Ring road. Our group of 15 students, with 2 students for each transect were allotted.

Major Takeaways:

* Kalawad Transect has the higher number of high rise structures * Maximum number of institutes are observed in Kalawad transect

42% Agriculture 7% Residential 7.2% Industrial 1% Recreation 0.91% Commercial 0.71% Public Purpose 16

ECONOMIC SCENARIOS To Morbi

2. Industries

To Morbi

1. Agriculture

To Gondal

To Gondal

APMC yard

Source : Industries Commissionerate

Area under cultivation[hectares]: Rajkot district- 561478; RUDA- 28800 Double cropped land- 1621 [5.63%] Work force participation- Rajkot district : 37%; RUDA : 10.59% Average rainfall- 820mm Net irrigated area- 34.28% Major source of irrigation- Wells/Tube wells 74% Other sources- Canal, lake

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Kuvadva GIDC- Hand pumps and agro AJI GIDC- Casting and bearing Bhaktinagar GIDC- agricultural equipments Shapar-Veraval- Forging and casting Lodhika GIDC- Casting and machine tools

No of establishments- Rajkot district MSME-26048; Large Scale-30 Work force participation- 41% MSME- 194248; Large scale- 24000

Major crops- Karif- Cotton and groundnut; Rabi- Wheat and cumin Other- Bajri, gram and sesame Largest producer of cotton[40%] and second largest producer of groundnut[41%] and onion[22%] in Gujarat.

Investment MSME- Rs 7330 crores [2.3% of total in Gujarat] Output MSME-Rs 15912 crores [24.62% of total in Gujarat] Large scale- Rs14600 crores

Rajkot in the hub of MSME in Saurashtra and 3rd largest cluster in Gujarat. The most preferred region to setup an enterprise due to presence of strong GIDC and GSFC unit

Source : Department of Agriculture

17

HOUSING SCENARIO Major Housing typologies in Rajkot: * Rajkot no Delo Housing Before the 90’s * Colonial Houses * Street Facing Houses * Apartments

Post 90’s Housing * Row Houses * Gated Communities * Low Rising Apartments * High Rise Apartments * Slums / Squatter Settlements

Slum Rehabilitation Housing * Awas Yojnas * Shelter for the Urban Poor * Basic Shelter for the Urban Poor

Commercial activities are sometimes included with Housing, based on Individual requirements and Location of the Residential unit.

E.g : Low Rising Apartments with their ground floor leased out for shops. Similar is the case with High Rises.

6KM 3KM

WEST

VASANT VIHAR

18

EAST

HARI NAGAR

PARIKSHIT NAGAR

CORE CITY

KHATRIWAD

ARYA NAGAR

NAVAGAM

SLUMS

RUDA BUDGET Head

Estimate(in lacs)

Opening Balance (A)

11417

Revenue Income

609

Capital Income

24877

Total (B)

25487

Total A + B = C

36904

Revenue Exp.

867

Capital Exp.

26870

Total (D)

27738

Proposed expenditure for projects:

1% 19% 1%

Deposit ( E ) 948

Deposit Exp.

1424

Closing Balance (C+ E) – D = F

8689

Assets Payment Advance Payment Road Project SJMMSVY PMAY New Demand

Proposed Budget for 2019 -2020:

Rs. 24,877 (lacs)

5% 36%

Deposit Income

17%

62%

25%

62% of budget is allocated to new demand.

64% 75%

1

Housing and Road projects given priority in the budget

2

New Demand: Water supply, Ring Road, Drainage, Integrated WS schemes, ABD projects

3 87 - No of slums in Rajkot 104 - UA Census 2011 Primary survey 2018 14% - Rajkot’s population living in slum

Key Takeaways: * The budget of RUDA is low for the long term development of the city. * Currently, RUDA is more focused on the Smart City project, Cleanliness drives as well as the infrastructure demands of the city.

19

INFRASTRUCTURE 1. PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Water Supply

Sewage Treatment Plants

Gavaridad STP 70MLD Madhapar STP 44.5MLD

Nyari II

Madhapar STP 80MLD

(Narmada Canal) 70MLD

Raiyadhar STP 56MLD Raiya STP 51MLD

Kothariya STP 15MLD

Aji I 120MLD

Pumping Station

Kothariya STP 15MLD

Nyari I 40MLD

APS

Bhadar I 45MLD

STP

STP(under planning)

Location of Pumping Stations

Institutional Framework:

Ghanteshwar WTP 13MLD

Nyari II 24km

GWSSSB

Raiyadhar WTP 50MLD Nyari WTP 32MLD

GWIL

Aji WTP 103MLD

PANCHAYAT Provision of Water

Nyari I 18km

Aji I

0km

Ribada WTP 50MLD

Bhadar I 165km

20

Provision of water Provision of infrastructure for water supply

Water Distribution (Zone wise) ZONE

DEMAND

SUPPLY

West Zone Central Zone East Zone

106MLD 59MLD 75MLD

118.8MLD 19.16MLD 8.9MLD

Institutional Framework RUDA Project Management Unit RMC Drainage Project Department

Coverage of Sewage Network

Drainage Network: 250 kms long network of collective system with 7000 manholes, 9 intermediate pumping stations.

68%

2. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Green Cover/Spaces

Health care Services

I P Mission High School

Christ School

87

Pa ndit Deendayal Upa ddhyay Medical Col l ege

Municipal Schools

76.94%

Literacy rate

Govt. vs Private Healthcare 434, 36% Government Private 782, 64%

35,775 students in Govt. Schools

Green Space per Capita 9 sq. m (WHO)

0.15 sq. m (Rajkot)

Key Takeaways: * Good healthcare facilities are available in Rajkot

Health Facilities in Rajkot 154, 13%

579, 48% Central

296, 24%

East West Other

187, 15%

30 Parks and Gardens in RMC 19.7 ha area under Recreational and Green spaces 0.15 sq. m green space per capita

* The green cover is very low as compared to the WHO standards

21

INFERENCES FROM STAKEHOLDERS’ PERCEPTION Mira Ben, Industrial worker Metoda GIDC is a major employer of many of our households

Ajit Bhai, Businessman

APMC Official, Rajkot

The city lacks green spaces as well as there are traffic congestions.

The rainfall has decreased from 500mm in 2017 to 200mm in 2019

Lack of Recreation Spaces

Satisfied with Public Amenities and Infrastructure

280

250 Peaceful Environment

Water Scarcity 250

52

Culturally Inclusive City 44

Water Supply – Bad smell

Water Supply – Bad Taste Water Supply – Bad Colour Water Supply – TDR

Road Accident Crime

Compact Size

Women Safety

20 22

Parks & Recreational Area

Lack of Job Opportunities 198 Increase in Traffic 52 Increase in Crime Rate 25

APPROACH: GROWTH POTENTIALS AND FOCUS ON THE MAJOR ISSUES THE CITY FACES CONCERNS TO BE CATERED IN THE DP 2041: Even though there are physical barriers affecting the development in the east; to initiate development in the east and balancing the developments with west through* Preserving the water bodies to cater to water efficiency in the city * Increasing the green cover in the city to cater to the people’s concern. * Shifting the location of the proposed Smart city node and AIIMS to the eastern side * Preserving the industrial centres as well as provision of additional Industries to cater to the economy.

Green Space per Capita 9 sq. m (WHO)

Per capita green cover space 0.15 sq. m (Rajkot)

POPULATION PROJECTION: Geometric mean increase is used to find out the future increment in population, as this method gives higher values.

43,21,596

50,00,000 40,00,000 30,00,000

P2021 : 21,67,578 ; P2031 :30,60,620 ; P2041 : 43,21,596 The current population, i.e., P2019 : 20,23,056 Total Residential Built up Area, 2019 : 88.45 sq.km; Per-capita space consumption: 27 sqm. Keeping the aim of providing 35sqm per-capita space.

For a Robust and Flexible Plan we are planning for a Population of 51,85,200.

30,60,620 21,67,578

20,00,000 10,00,000 0

P2021

P2031

P2041

23

VISION & OBJECTIVES “To create an interactive city focusing on the integration of environmental sustainability and transport in a mixed use environment.”

IDEAS TO ACHIEVE VISION: Nakarwadi has reached its saturation level

Slums along Aji River Dumping site along water bodies

INTERLINKING THE INDUSTRIES Traffic congestion along bottlenecks

Need for regulating the unplanned expansion of Metoda GIDC in nearby Villages

24

Formation of Urban heat island on Kalawad transect

24

Industrial Pollution at Gondal

EMPHASIS ON GREENS

INITIAL CONCEPTS: 1. Vulnerabilities Identified

2. Scarcity of water as major issue (Iteration 1) Dense commercialVehicular air pollution

LOW DO LEVELS

MADHAPAR

SMART CITY HEAT ISLAND

Worst air quality dumping site.

NAKARVADI LANDFILL

DUMPING SITE

Steady decline in the air quality due to recent industrial development.

CRITICAL AREAS

Source : Subhrangsu Goswami : MUP Mandatory

LOW DO LEVELS

Extended City Area

736.77 sqkm

The initial concept was to address the major concern of water scarcity through various strategies to preserve the water like check dams, drip irrigation.

3. Extension of Administrative boundary After the individual initial concepts, in a group of 4, we gathered the major concerns of the city being all related to environment.

HAPHAZARD DEVELOPMENT ALONG WATER BODY

We decided to add the villages; Rangpar, Khambala and Ishvariya to preserve the waterbody of Nyari keeping in mind to prevent the leapfrog development that has already started coming up near the stream.

LEAPFROG DEVELOPMENT

LEAPFROG INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT

The village of Lothada has also been added by looking upon the industrial development as well as a huge population growth from the year 2001 to 2011 according to the census.

PRESERVE THE WATER BODY

25

4. 1st Concept after boundary extension : (Iteration 2)

6. Final Concept after boundary extension and 2 site visits : The final concept caters to a liberal apprach with emphasis on green cover, decongesting the industrial nodes, preserving the water bodies and taking care of the urban heat island within a mixed use environment.

High Intensity Corridoors along the major transects.

Large recreation spaces proposed for regional level

Smart City Node kept to the East to promote development

ANANDPAR

RAMAPAR MOTA

GHODI

METODA

TARGHARI

MOTI GHODI

KHAMBHALA DHOKALIYA

VEJAGAM

RATAIYA

DEVLA

KHER

HARIPARTARVADA CHIBHADA

ABHEPAR

PIPALIYAPAL KHAMBHA

Residential Mixed use

Recreational High Intensity

VERAVALPADAVALA

SANGAMA

0

2

Light Industries Heavy Industries

4

8

12

D

ANIYALA

S

PARDI LOTHADA

SHAPUR

KOTHA PIPALIYA

VADALI

KHOKHADADAD

VIRVA

LODHIKA

UBA

DHOLARA

KUSTARBACHAN

LAMPASARI

RAVKI

MAKHAVAD

HANDLI

KALIPAT

KANGASHIYALI

BALSAR

Obnoxious Industries maintained to the end of the RUDA Boundary

THORALA

PAL

DEVGAM

PIPARCI RATANPAR

THEBACHDA MAHIKA

KANKOT JASHVANTPUR

VAGUDADRAMNAGAR

CHHAPRA

G

AMARGADH

MOTA MAVA VAJDI VIRDA VAJDI VAD

KHIRSARA & METODA

K

TARGHADIYA

ANANDPAR

ISHVARIYA TALA NANA AMRELI MUNJKA INTALA PAMBHAR HARIPAR NANA MAVDA

Liberal Zones along corridors to promote growth.

PIPALIYA RANPAR

VAJDI GADH

SUVAG

MOTA MAVDA

26

NAGALPAR KHIJADIYA

RAJGADH

JHAYANA

HADMATIYA MANHARPUR NAKARAVADIDHAMALPAR PARA PIPALIYA BEDI RONKI MADHAPAR NYARA SOKHADA GHANTESHWAR MALIYASAN

KERALA

HIDAD

V

KHANDHERI

RANGPAR

SARAPDAD

RADAD

GAVARIDAD

NARANKA

NANI GHODI

5. Scenario 2

(Increasing green cover through green networks and decongesting the industrial areas)

VIJAYNAGAR RATANPAR

BAGHI

PATI

But, after iterations, the concept still lacked the required green areas and industrial areas not addressed to prevent congestion.

KHA

RAMPARA SU SANOSARA

KHORANA

DUNGARKA

PADDHARI

The initial concept as a group was to cater to the urgent needs of the city by providing more greens and preserving the current industrial scenario of the city.

HADALA

GADHADA

MOVIA

Kilometers 16

Institutional+Residential Gamtal

PIPLANA

NARANKA

PADASAN

BHAYASAR KATHROTALOC

CHITRAVAV

PROPOSALS ROAD NETWORK and GREEN NETWORKS 1. Iteration 1 of road network proposal

Final road network proposal along with green network proposals

The initial concept was to form major nodes and put road networks around those nodes with smaller super block sizes

Proposing the roads parallel to the streams and linking through roads, cutting perpendicularly at the narrowest streams.

HADALA

GADHADA

MOVIA

DUNGARKA

PADDHARI GHODI

BAGHI METODA

PATI

TARGHARI

MOTI GHODI

KHANDHERI

RANGPAR

HADALA

GADHADA

ANANDPAR

RAMAPAR MOTA

GHODI

BAGHI METODA

PATI

TARGHARI

MOTI GHODI

GAVARIDAD

NARANKA KHANDHERI

RANGPAR

NANI GHODI SARAPDAD

RATAIYA

DEVLA

VAGUDADRAMNAGAR

CHIBHADA

ABHEPAR

DHOLARA

SHAPUR

0

2

4

8

12

VADALI

KHOKHADADAD

VERAVALPADAVALA

SANGAMA

KOTHA PIPALIYA

VAGUDADRAMNAGAR

Kilometers 16

HADMATIYA

NARANKA

PIPARCI RATANPAR

BRTS_2 BRTS

ANIYALA

SH_NH

SAMADHYALA

PIPLANA

Legend

Major Arterial (ROW 24m to 60m) RMC_Boundary

PADASAN LAKHAPAR

SARDHAR CHITRAVAVNAVAGAM

Sub-Arterial (ROW 18m to 24m) Railways

Villages

KHOKH

DHOLARA

PARDI

VIRVA

SHAPUR

PIPALIYAPAL KHAMBHA

LODHIKA

UBA

RAVKI

MAKHAVAD

HANDLI

VERAVALPA

SANGAMA

KOTHA PIPALIYA

Green network (through ROW > 8m) Census_Wards

CHIBHADA

ABHEPAR

vill

Waterbodies

BHAYASAR KATHROTALOCHIDA

PAL KANGASHIYALI

BALSAR HARIPARTARVADA

DHANDHNI DHANCHYA

LOTHADA

PIPALIYAPAL KHAMBHA

KUSTARBACHAN

PARDI

VIRVA

LODHIKA

UBA

RAVKI

MAKHAVAD

HANDLI

KALIPAT LAMPASARI

KANKOT JASHVANTPUR

DEVGAM

GADHKA DERDI

corridor

MOTA MAVA VAJDI VIRDA VAJDI VAD

KHIRSARA & METODA

THEBACHDA MAHIKA

KANGASHIYALI

HARIPARTARVADA

DEVLA

RAFALA

THORALA

PAL

DEVGAM

PIPARCI RATANPAR

PAR

CHHAPRA

AMARGADH

KANKOT JASHVANTPUR

BALSAR

SAYPAR

RATAIYA

MOTA MAVDA

KUCHIYADAD

KUVADAVA

KHERDI

MOTA MAVA VAJDI VIRDA VAJDI VAD

KHIRSARA & METODA

CHHAPRA

SATDA

GUNDA

Freight

VEJAGAM

MAGHARVADA

VEJAGAM

ISHVARIYA TALA NANA AMRELI MUNJKA INTALA PAMBHAR HARIPAR NANA MAVDA MOTA MAVDA

DHOKALIYA

ISHVARIYA TALA NANA AMRELI MUNJKA INTALA PAMBHAR HARIPAR NANA MAVDA

TARGHADIYA

ANANDPAR

VAJDI GADH

SUVAG

PIPALIYA

SOKHADA MALIYASAN

GHANTESHWAR

SUVAG

HIDAD

RAJGADH

JHAYANA

RANPAR

VAJDI GADH

DHOKALIYA

JEPUR

VANKVAD NAGALPAR KHIJADIYA

HADMATIYA NAKARAVADIDHAMALPAR BEDI

MADHAPARRONKI

NYARA KHAMBHALA RADAD

MANHARPUR

PARA PIPALIYA

KERALA

RAMPARA SULIYA SANOSARA

VIJAYNAGAR RATANPAR

KERALA

HIDAD

KHAKHANA KHORANA

DUNGARKA

PADDHARI

GHANTESHWAR

KHAMBHALA RADAD

BEDI

MADHAPARRONKI

NYARA

2. Evolution of road network proposal-

HA

MANHARPUR

PARA PIPALIYA

SARAPDAD

MOVIA

GAVARIDAD

NARANKA

NANI GHODI

Connecting the missing linkages

VIJAYNAGAR RATANPAR

ANANDPAR

RAMAPAR MOTA

0

2

4

8

12

Kilometers 16

27

PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORK

PHASING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORK PHASE I

PATI

TARGHARI

NAGALPAR KHIJADIYA PIPALIYA JEPUR

RAMPARA SULIYA SANOSARA

KHANDHERI

RANGPAR

JHAYANA

RANPAR

HADMATIYA MANHARPURVANKVAD NAKARAVADIDHAMALPAR PARA PIPALIYA BEDI SARAPDAD JHAYANA SATDA NAGALPAR KHIJADIYA RONKI MADHAPAR NYARA SOKHADA GAVARIDAD RAJGADH GHANTESHWAR KHAMBHALA MALIYASAN VIJAYNAGAR RATANPAR

I GHODI NANDPAR

PIPALIYA

ANANDPAR RANPAR VAJDI GADH KUCHIYADAD HADMATIYA KUVADAVA NAKARAVADIDHAMALPAR VEJAGAM BEDI

KERALA

KHANDHERI RADAD

SATDA

KHAKHANA RAJGADH GAVARIDAD

NARANKA

KHORANA

OTI GHODI

KUCHIYADAD

KUVADAVA

GUNDA

PAR

SAYPAR

TARGHADIYA

DHOKALIYA MANHARPUR

PARA PIPALIYA SUVAG HIDAD

JEPUR

VANKVAD

BAGHI HADALA METODA

RAMPARA SULIYA SANOSARA

VIJAYNAGAR RATANPAR

ANANDPAR

RAMAPAR MOTA

GHODI

KHAKHANA KHORANA

DUNGARKA

PADDHARI

ANKA

HADALA

GADHADA

MOVIA

MAGHARVADA

KHERDI MADHAPARRONKI ISHVARIYA A LA NANA PAR SOKHADA AMRELI SAYPAR GUNDA MUNJKA AMARGADH Phase I of BRTS follows the phasing pattern of the DP INTALA PAMBHAR GHANTESHWAR MALIYASAN RAFALA HARIPAR ANA MAVDA with more connectivity to the west and the East, to TARGHADIYA ANANDPAR THEBACHDA GADH MAHIKA encourage growth along the Smart City Overlay Zone.

RATAIYA MOTA MAVA MAGHARVADA MOTA MAVDA VAJDI VIRDA THORALA GADHKA GAM VAJDI VAD PHASE II KHERDI DERDI KANKOT DEVLA KHIRSARA & METODA KALIPAT MUNJKA AMARGADH JASHVANTPUR KUSTARBACHAN RAFALA DHANDHNI AR THEBACHDA VAGUDADRAMNAGAR LAMPASARI BRTS_2 HADMATIYA PAL DHANCHYA MAHIKA CHHAPRA MOTA MAVA DEVGAM RDA THORALA KANGASHIYALIGADHKA BRTS BALSAR ANIYALA VADALI RAVKI KHOKHADADAD SH_NH HARIPARTARVADA DERDI SAMADHYALA ANKOT DHOLARA KALIPAT PARDI JASHVANTPUR KUSTARBACHAN

Legend

PIPARCI RATANPAR

RAMNAGAR

PAL

ABHEPAR HANDLI RAVKI

LAMPASARI

SHAPUR

0

D

4

SHAPUR

PADASAN

8 VERAVALPADAVALA

12

Kilometers 16

BHAYASAR KATHROTALOCHIDA

NARANKA LAKHAPAR

PIPLANA transport network is laid along the major transects SARDHAR and also connects the major economic centres like the indusCHITRAVAVNAVAGAM tries and the Smart city NARANKA node.

PIPALIYAPAL KHAMBHAThe Public

Kilometers 16

12

28

BRTS_2

vill

LAKHAPAR

SAMADHYALA

PARDI

LOTHADA

2

RMC_Boundary

PADASAN

BHAYASAR BRTS VERAVALPADAVALA ANIYALA KATHROTALOCHIDA VADALI PIPLANA KHOKHADADADKHAMBHAPIPALIYAPAL SH_NH

SANGAMA

KOTHA PIPALIYA VIRVA

LOTHADA HADMATIYA DHANCHYA

VIRVA

KANGASHIYALI MAKHAVAD

DHOLARA LODHIKA

A UBA

Legend

DHANDHNI

CHIBHADA

RMC_Boundary CHITRAVAV NAVAGAM vill

Waterbodies SARDHAR

Railways Census_Wards Villages

Waterbodies Railways Census_Wards Villages

(Increasing connectivity to Smart City and industrial areas)

ROAD SECTIONS Envisioned Green network :

Sections through different layers: Section of the Industrial Street

Section

Green network as the median with trees beside the roads to keep the area cooler.

Section of the Street in Mixed Use Zone

Green network as the median with shaded footpaths Section of Mixed Use zone with BRTS

Plan

Green network as the median with shaded footpaths as well as BRTS station with shelters

View

Section of the Freight bypass road

29

ZONING AND DEVELOPMENT CONTROL REGULATIONS RECREATIONAL ZONE

Area of the zone

30.1sq.km

Length of the green network

380.8km

Non Permissible uses

Dwelling1,2,3, Mercantile-1,2,3, Assembly-1,2,3, Educational-1,2, Industrial 1 & 2, Hospitality 1,2

Allowable height

3m

Maximum permissible height

3m

30

INDUSTRIAL ZONE

Area of the zone

7.9sq.km

Area of the zone

33.31sq.km

Non Permissible uses

Mercantile 2,Assembly 1,2,3

Non Permissible uses

Industrial 2,Mercantile 2,Assembly 1,2,3

Allowable height

9m

Allowable height

9m

Maximum permissible height

15m

Maximum permissible height

15m

The road side margin of a building unit in Industrial zone shall be regulated by the plot sizes not the road widths.

Plot area

Front margin(m)

Side margin(m)

Up to 500sq.m

4.5

3

500 – 5000sq.m

6

4.5

5000-2000sq.m

9

6

More than 20,000sq.m

12

7.5

MIXED USE ZONE - I Road width

Road side margin for building unit area up to 750sqm

Side margin

Road side margin for building unit area above 750 sqm to 1500sqm

Side margin

Road side margin for building unit area above 1500sqm

Side margin

Up to 18m

3

3

4.5

3

6

4.5

18m – 30 m

4.5

3

4.5

3

9

4.5

30m – 60 m

4.5

3

6

4.5

12

6

Mixed use high density zone will have maximum permissible ground coverage as 60%.

Area of the zone

28.27sq.km

Non Permissible uses

Assembly-3, Educational-2, Industrial 1 & 2, Hospitality 2, Agriculture 1 & 2

Illustration of a plot size of 1200sq.m is done to explain the variation in block size according to road widths, margins and building heights.

Envisioned View

Allowable height

30m 21m

Maximum permissible height

54m 75m

Plot size : 600sq.m Height of building: 21m Maximum permissible 30m Plot size : 1200sq.m Height of building: 30m Maximum permissible 45m 3.

Plot size : 1200sq.m Height of building: 45m Maximum permissible 60m

31

MIXED USE ZONE - II

MIXED USE ZONE - III

Road width

Road side margin for building unit area up to 750sqm

Side margin

Road side margin for building unit area above 750 sqm to 1500sqm

Side margin

Road side margin for building unit area above 1500sqm

Side margin

Area of the zone

45.75sq.km

Non Permissible uses

Assembly-3, Up to 18m 3 3 4.5 3 6 4.5 Educational-2, 18m – 30 m 4.5 3 4.5 3 9 4.5 Industrial 1 & 30m – 60 m 4.5 3 6 4.5 12 6 2, Hospitality 2, Agriculture 1 & Illustration of a plot size of 1200sq.m is done to explain the variation in block 2 size according to road widths, margins and building heights.

Allowable height

21m

Maximum permissible height

54m 60m

32

Road width

Road side margin for building unit area up to 750sqm

Side margin

Road side margin for building unit area above 750 sqm to 1500sqm

Side margin

Road side margin for building unit area above 1500sqm

Side margin

Up to 18m

3

3

4.5

3

6

4.5

18m – 30 m

4.5

3

4.5

3

9

4.5

30m – 60 m

4.5

3

6

4.5

12

6

Area of the zone Non Permissible uses

212.5sq.km

Mixed use high density zone will have maximum permissible ground coverage as

60%.

Illustration of a plot size of 1200sq.m is done to explain the variation in block Agriculture 1 & size according to road widths, margins 2, Industrial 1 and building heights. &2

Allowable height

9m 12m

Maximum permissible height

21m 15m

FUTURE URBANIZABLE ZONE

SMART CITY OVERLAY ZONE

Mixed Use Zone -I Mixed Use Zone -II Mixed Use Zone -III

Area of the zone

253.67sq.km

Permissible uses

Agriculture, Dwelling 1 and Dwelling 2.

Area of the 12.67sq.km overlay zone Non Permissible uses

Minimum plot size for any development :

Allowable height

3m

Maximum permissible height

3m

20,000 Sq. M.

Industrial 1 & 2, Educational 2, Agriculture 1 & 2, Mercantile -3

Ground Coverage:

Allowable height

45m

75m 60m

Future Urbanizable Zone limits

Maximum permissible height

20%

uncontrolled development beyond city limits.

Smart City Overlay Zone Industrial Zone -I Gamtal

Industrial Zone -II

Gamtal Extension Zone Recreational Zone

Green Buffer Zone: Gamtal Extension

Area Gamtal of the 9.2sq.km zone Gamtal Extension Non Future Urbanisable IndustrialZone 1& Permissible 2, Dwelling 3, State highways uses Arterial Educational 2, Assembly 2, Sub- Arterial Assembly 3.

Green network Allowable height

9m

Maximum permissible height

15m

33

PROPOSALS SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS

Nakarvadi landfill site STP 2 80MLD

Transfer Stations

Madhapar STP 80MLD

Gavaridad STP 70MLD Madhapar STP 44.5MLD

STP 1 60MLD

Raiyadhar STP 56MLD

Compost plants

Raiya STP 51MLD

Pumping Station

Kothariya STP 30MLD

APS STP(Proposed)

EXISTING TRANSFER STATION COMPOSED PLANTS PROPOSED TRANSFER STATION PROPOSED COMPOSED PLANT

STP

PROPOSED LANDFILL SITE

SOLID WASTE GENERATION/DAY:

450 METRIC TONNE

POPULATION for

15,35,112

For the Projected population of 51,85,200; SOLID WASTE GENERATION/DAY requirement would be:

1520 METRIC TONNE Though the Solid waste management is better managed, there is a need for compost plants as well as upgradation of the Nakarwadi landfill site. Thus, 3 no.s of Compost plants are proposed; 2 near Vavdi and one near the Bhavnagar road.

34

Current Sewage Generation:

for a

Future Sewage Generation:

for a

Thus, Additional STP required- 147

MLD

196.5 MLD 270 MLD

Population of

15.35 lakhs

Population of

51.85 lakhs

Thus, 2 new STPs have thus been proposed and existing have been proposed to be upgraded.

The STPs are proposed near Kothariya and Madhapar, whereas the other existing STPs to the west has been proposed to be upgraded.

WATER TREATMENT PLANTS

SMART CITY PROPOSAL

Raiyadhar WTP 50MLD

Aji WTP 103MLD

Nyari WTP 32MLD

Smart city has an allowable height of 75m with all landuses except industries, with pan city initiatives and green cover that would make it a model for other areas of the city to grow.

Ribada WTP 50MLD

PROPOSED WTP

Requirement :

105 MLD

Projected demand :

270MLD

Existing Water Supply in Rajkot: Water Distribution (Zone wise) ZONE

DEMAND

SUPPLY

West Zone Central Zone East Zone

106MLD 59MLD 75MLD

118.8MLD 19.16MLD 8.9MLD

2 more WTP Required.

100MLD each have to be provided.

The 2 new WTPs are proposed to the downstream, that is, near the Aji stream and Nyari river.

GOALS *Safe & Secure Rajkot *Solve the mobility challenge *Swachh & beautiful Rajkot *Energy efficient city *Inclusive City *World Class Tourism Centre *Sports destination Envisioned View

35

PROJECT PROPOSALS 1. AT CITY LEVEL-

Nyari Dam 2

Aji Dam 2

Implementation Strategy:

Aji Dam 1 Nyari Dam1

Since the proposed 50m green buffer along the streams has existing landuses, the proposal has to be carried out according to the BMPC Act, Rajkot wherein the land can be acquired forcibly from the owners for the public good with compensation.

View with the proposed buffer

Riparian buffer Lake front Development

Green roof

Riparian buffer

Rain garden

Riparian Buffer Mandatory 50 m buffer from the water bodies

36

50m

Plan of the Buffer zone

River and Lake front developments through proposals-

2. AT NEIGHBOURHOOD LEVELThe Development control Regulations will regulate the landscape requirements per plot and various relaxations would be proposed for those who construct roof gardens, vertical gardens etc.

The recreational zone proposed around the Aji and Nyari river as well as the lakes like lalpari lake has been proposed to have frontage developments with parks, street furnitures, jogging tracks and other spaces for recreational purposes.

To cater to the water scarcity, neighbourhood level water recharging can be proposed through DCR.

37

FINAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN

2041 PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT PLAN

0.15 SQ. M (Existing Green)

Towards Morbi

Towards Jamnagar

Towards Ahmedabad

9 SQ. M (WHO Standard)

COSTING

10.8 SQ. M (Proposed Green)

(Total: 6,300 cr )

Demand to be met: 270 MLD Cost Estimated to install the 2 WTPs: 135 Crores 135 Crores 2. Cost estimated to install 2 STPs 1.

of 50MLD each: 100 Crores Cost Estimated to upgrade Kothariya (30MLD)and Madhapur (20MLD) STPs: 100 Crores 3. Proposed Arterial and Sub-

Towards Kalawad

Mixed Use Zone -II

Industrial Zone -I

Mixed Use Zone -III Towards

Industrial Zone -II

Arterial Roads: 443 kms Mixed Use Zone -II Cost Estimated to install: Mixed Use Zone -III Smart City Overlay Zone 2086 2086 Crores Crores Industrial Zone -I 4. Proposed Green network and Industrial Zone -II proposed roads: Recreational Zone 380.8kms+443 kms Green Buffer Cost Estimated to install: Gamtal Towards Bhavnagar 164.76Crores Crores 164.76 Gamtal Extension

Gondal Smart City Overlay Zone

Recreational Zone

Future Urbanisable Zone

Mixed Use Zone -I

Industrial Zone -I

Green Buffer

State highways Arterial Sub- Arterial Green network

Mixed Use Zone -I

Mixed Use Zone -I Mixed Use Zone -II Mixed Use Zone -III

38

Mixed Use Zone -I

Smart City Overlay Zone

Mixed Use Zone -II

Industrial Zone -II

Gamtal

Mixed Use Zone -III

Recreational Zone

Gamtal Extension

Smart City Overlay Zone

Green Buffer

Future Urbanisable Zone

Industrial Zone -I

Gamtal

State highways

5. Area of proposed greens, Recreational Zone and Green buffer: 5,404 Ha Cost Estimated: 3714.41 Crores

PHASING PHASE I

Phase I opens up 265.21 sqkm land for development.

2,267.76 Crores

PHASE II

PHASE III

Phase II opens up an additional 70 sqkm land for development.

Phase III gives the Future Urbanizable Zone

1,684 Crores

1,084 Crores

KEY LEARNINGS & REFLECTIONS The Development Plan Studio was indeed initiated a great learning about the innovative approaches that can be considered while preparing a Development Plan for a city instead of the usual conventional approach.

Preparation of DP requires us as planners to understand the city and the stakeholders perspectives to give proposals for their future.

Process to prepare a Development Plan for the City and it’s population requires: 1. Analysing the city through the eyes of the stakeholders as well as the publicly available documents.

2. Designing the DP according to the needs of the city with implementation strategies.

3. Making the officials as well as stakeholders understand the plan according to their considerations.

39

ENVISIONED VIEW OF THE ‘RAJKOT’ CITY

Green Networks proposed along roads of varying widths as breathing spaces and local green for the neighbourhood.

Mixed Use I of high intensity kept along the west due to high demand and observed growth pattern.

40

Green Buffer of 50m kept along the streams to prevent further pollution.

Mixed Use II promotes liberal growth pattern, but with medium intensity.

High intensity corridors maintained in Mixed Use Zone I according to local demand and envisioned growth pattern.

Mixed Use Zone III promotes low intensity residential and commercial development.

The zone includes smaller block sizes to reduce the Urban Heat Island Effect.

Recreation Zone along the major water bodies to prevent further pollution.

The zone can be a solution for the lack of city level greens.