Volume 99, Issue 20

CULTURE | 14

Coffee

GOATS, TODDY CATS, AND FOUR STEPS TO THE PERFECT CUP 10

THE WALLA WALLA UNIVERSITY

collegian VOLUME 99 | ISSUE 20 | 16 APRIL 2015 |

TRAVEL | 20

OPINION | 08

MAGIC BEANS

RICKY

During my first year at Walla Walla University, I stumbled across an opportunity to work with ASWWU and design a logo for a project that was confidential at the time: a student house called the Atlas. It was designed to be a space where students could be together, remember their friends abroad, and enjoy some coffee.

BARBOSA Editor-in-Chief

As the last four years have passed, the Atlas has come to mean a lot to me. It’s not just a caffeine pit stop or a study haven. That humble building is the one place where I can always find a smile, make a friend or have a heart-to-heart with one of the baristas. I have sweated over finals there, laughed over YouTube videos, huddled up and prayed for miracles, studied Scripture, and discussed conspiracies. I’ve watched the sun rise and set.

Table of Contents | 2 News | 3,5 ASWWU | 4 Photos | 6 Week in Forecast | 7

Coffee is the object of much admiration and discussion. This week, WWU student and Atlas manager Elliott Berger will extol its virtues and share his passion for making it just right, and our science writer will explore the effects of caffeine on the human body.

The Atlas isn’t special because of what it serves, but because it serves to connect the people around it. I can only hope that I’ll find another place like it when I finish my academic pursuits and move on. For now, I’ll be grateful and sip some cold brew.

Culture | 14 Food | 15 Religion | 16 CW/CW | 17 #thecollegian | 18 Humor | 19 Travel | 20 Fashion | 21 Science | 22 Sports | 23 The Other Cheek | 24

Timothy Torres

thecoveteur.com

Opinion | 8 Religion | 9 Feature | 10-13

07 context EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Ricky Barbosa ASSISTANT EDITOR Karl Wallenkampf LAYOUT EDITOR Mindy Robinson HEAD COPY EDITOR Andrea Johnson PERSPECTIVE EDITOR Benjamin Ramey CONTENT EDITOR Carolyn Green

09 perspective BACKPAGE & CREATIVE CURATOR Abigail Wissink

ADVERTISING MANAGER Shandra Cady

CULTURE WRITER River Davis

SCIENCE & TECH WRITER Daniel Hulse

FASHION WRITER Alyssa Hartwick

SPORTS WRITER & PROMOTION MANAGER Alex Wagner

FOOD WRITER Rachel Peterson

TRAVEL & LOCAL WRITER Shannon Pierce

HUMOR WRITER Lauren Lewis

COPY EDITORS Tyler Jacobson Kayla Albrecht Rachel Blake

NEWS WRITERS Morgan Sanker Alexandra Buley Kari Gomez

DISTRIBUTION MANAGER Zachary Johnson

OFFICE MANAGER See ad, pg. 16

LAYOUT DESIGNERS Matthew Moran Ian Smith Chloe Putnam

RELIGION WRITERS See ad, pg. 16

ASWWU HEAD PHOTO EDITOR Erick Juarez

12

life

If you are interested in contributing to The Collegian, speak with one of our illustrious staff members. The Collegian is enhanced by regularly incorporating a wide range of campus perspectives.

Cover Credit: Photo- Mindy Robinson, Latte Art- Grant Perdew & Elliott Berger The Collegian is the official publication of ASWWU. Its views and opinions are not necessarily the official stance of Walla Walla University or its administration, faculty, staff, or students. Questions, letters, and comments can be sent to aswwu.collegian@wallawalla.edu or richard.barbosa@ wallawalla.edu. This issue was completed at 12:58 A.M. on Thursday, April 16, 2015.

The Collegian | Volume 99, Issue 20 | 204 S. College Avenue, College Place, WA 99324 | collegian.wallawalla.edu For information about advertising, please contact Shandra Cady at aswwu.ads@wallawalla.edu.

his week, WWU and share his explore the

CONTEXT 03 NEWS

2015 AIA CONFERENCE INTERVIEW WITH AUSTIN ROBERTS

e it

MORGAN

sanker News Writer

MS: What is the purpose of the AIA conference?

AR: The purpose of AIA is for all the incoming and outgoing student

association leaders of all the Adventist college and university campuses across the NAD to meet together for a few days. It’s a time to meet people, exchange ideas, and keep the relationships strong between sister schools.

MS: What events/workshops take

place?

AR: There are a number of differ-

ent meetings that take place and most of them are about AIA government.

For example, all the different offices meet together (Presidents, EVPs, RVPs, etc.), there are a number of committees that meet in the morning, there was a couple sessions with

a guest speaker, and there is a general assembly.

MS: Tell us about the atmosphere

of AIA.

AR: AIA feels like a conference.

The days are full but enjoyable, and interactions with others are intriguing.

It is always nice to hear what the other schools are doing. There is a large degree of difference between how the different student associations run.

AIA feels like a conference. The days are full but enjoyable, and interactions with others are intriguing. It is always nice to hear what the other schools are doing. There is a large degree of difference between how the different student associations run for a variety of reasons.

MS: In your opinion, what was the best part about the conference?

AR: My favorite part of this year’s AIA was the guest speaker that was brought in. His name was Tom Krieglstein and he changed the way I look at relationships within the campus. His ideas were revolutionary and his theories were different than anything I’ve heard before.

MS: How was this conference beneficial to you as a student leader?

AR: AIA allowed me to come back with new ideas and different ways to reach the students on this campus. It also helped me keep in touch with other Spiritual Vice Presidents across the NAD which is a support system that I can rely on.

CLUB PASSIONATE ABOUT HUMAN RIGHTS that exists all over the world.

CAROLYN

green Content Editor The Amnesty International chapter at Walla Walla University has been a bit under the radar in the past couple of years, but the local group is making efforts to become better known and do more in the community. Earlier this spring, the Walla Walla chapter sent one of its members, Nicholas Edge, to the Amnesty International USA 50th Annual General Meeting in Brooklyn, New York. The conference spanned a weekend from March 20-22 and was packed with over 28 sessions in three days and was attended by 1,100 people who care about righting the injustice

The AI USA conference had elements of a business meeting, with voting on future leaders and planning for the direction of the organization, but it also held workshops to educate attendees about how to be more effective in activist efforts, both in their local communities and abroad. Edge was the only member of the Walla Walla chapter to attend. “I attended a fundraising session about how to more effectively obtain resources and put them to use most efficiently. The conference provided good learning opportunities for people in school groups, like me, who could take what they learned back to their group and help make a bigger impact,” said Edge.

In the future, the club hopes to send more members so that they can attend more of the informational sessions and learn more collectively.

Attendees of the conference came from a range of generations and arrived from all over the country. Celebrities who graced the conference with their presence included singers Harry Belafonte and Annie Lennox, Jessie Williams of Grey’s Anatomy fame, along with several others. “I met a woman in her late twenties who hadn’t heard about AI until about a week and a half before the conference,” said Edge. “She read an article about how women are discriminated against in the workplace. This really affected her, because she had always worked in a place where she felt that her voice was heard and where she was valued the same as any other employee. She started asking her friends what she could do to help change workplace discrimination, and someone told her about the conference. She, like the rest of us, came to learn about how we can each make a difference.”

MS: Why is AIA important to students who are not in leadership roles?

AR: AIA is important to keep us connected. Without out it, our relationships with sister schools would suffer. There are incredible people that are on all of these campuses.

MS: What things that you learned from this year’s AIA conference will you put to work here at WWU? AR: I will try better to create relationships with my fellow students on this campus. I will try to get more people involved in the spiritual life of our campus and I hope by doing that to connect more people to each other.

thecoveteur.com

Though Edge learned many things about how to be a more effective agent for change, he said, “My favorite part of the weekend was getting to meet people who really care about human rights. Their passion really came through, and it comes through in our club leaders, too. Our local club leaders want to devote their lives and careers to this kind of work.”

Larson has been reaching out to other campuses in the Walla Walla Valley to try and make the Walla Walla chapter of AI a more permanent community resource for local issues that need awareness. “We continually encourage community members to join our chapter. They care about the people in the Valley, and we want anyone with a passion for people to be involved.”

In the past year, Walla Walla’s AI chapter participated in Write for Rights, writing letters to political prisoners and to governments asking for their release. One of the campaigns in the past few months resulted in the release of a prisoner from the Chinese government.

Our local chapter is hosting an AI dinner to make plans for the future and elect next year’s officers on Friday, April 24. If you are interested in attending the dinner or being part of the Walla Walla chapter of Amnesty International, you can contact Brooklynn Larson at brooklynn.larson@ wallawalla.edu. You can also stay up to date on events and information by liking the Amnesty International WWU Chapter Facebook page.

The Walla Walla chapter of Amnesty International is housed on the WWU campus, but is more of a local chapter for Walla Walla than a campus club. Chapter president Brooklynn

CONTEXT

ASWWU 04

65TH ANNUAL AIA CONVENTION MEETS AT OAKWOOD RICKY

barbosa Editor-in-Chief Student leaders from 11 Adventist colleges and universities converged on the Oakwood University campus last week, allowing executives from student associations the chance to share ideas. The Adventist Intercollegiate Association (AIA) was founded in 1950, and student leaders have been meeting on a different campus each year. According to AIA’s constitution, “The mission of the AIA is to be the voice of the students from it member schools, and to equip Christian student leaders with the ideas and tools for effective leadership while fostering unity.”

Walla Walla University participated by sending 12 delegates from the outgoing and incoming ASWWU cabinets to Huntsville, Alabama from Wednesday until Sunday morning.

The activities began with a few icebreakers, but soon moved on to breakout sessions where leaders with similar responsibilities at their schools got a chance to share ideas and challenge each other.

On Friday, a general assembly was held, and each university voted on some key amendments to the AIA constitution and bylaws, along with some smaller financial and logistical bills. The new executives of AIA were appointed, and Debbie Pinto from Union College was elected AIA president. The universities present affirmed that Canadian University College will now be known as Burman University at AIA gatherings, in accordance with its official renaming in May. Participants were encouraged to

attend Oakwood’s vespers and church service. Those who attended were thrilled with the choir and messages.

Also available to the delegates was a social event hosted by the Oakwood USM, with a performance from the school drum corps, cotton candy and nachos, sumo wrestling, and laser tag.

But arguably, the highlight of the long weekend came on Saturday evening, when a tree was planted in the memory of students who passed away on AIA campuses over the last year.

Student leaders from Walla Walla University and Southern Adventist University gathered to place flowers at the base of the tree and to share about Maddy Baird and Kimberly Andreu.

Songs were sung through tears, and heartfelt prayers were offered up as the sunlight faded.

AIA will meet again next year on the Pacific Union College campus, and constituent universities will continue to seek out new ways to work together.

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CONTEXT

05 NEWS

ISSPRESSO: THE FIRST ESPRESSO IN SPACE edly designed for Samantha Cristoforetti, the first female Italian astronaut in space, who has been aboard the ISS since November 2014. Initially the machine was due to arrive late last year, but the Orbital Sciences Antares supply ship carrying it exploded. This time the SpaceX supply ship successfully delivered the machine, along with nearly 4,000 pounds of food.

ALEXANDRA

buley

News Writer After 1.5 years of testing and research, astronauts aboard the International Space System (ISS), finally gained access to a quality cup of coffee on Tuesday, April 14.

Argotec, an Italian engineering company that specializes in designing aerospace systems and manufacturing space food, teamed up with Lavazza, a well known Italian coffee brand, to create ISSpresso: the first capsule-based espresso system capable of working within the conditions of outer space.

The espresso machine was report-

The ISSpresso machine itself weighs approximately 44 pounds, and has undergone a series of modifications to ensure its performance despite the issue of microgravity. Modifications include the replacement of the standard plastic steam bar capable of withstanding 9bar of pressure on Earth, with a steel copy that supports 400bar of pressure.

machine, they insert a coffee pod (like Keurig) into the top of the machine.

Next, through a specially designed electrical system, the water is aspirated and pressurized before passing through a heater. Then the water runs through the steam bar soaking through the coffee pod.

Finally, the coffee drains back into the pouch where astronauts can freely enjoy their espresso, sipped through a straw.

Despite the experience of straying from the standard consumption of coffee, NASA feels this innovation is key for adding comfort and familiarity to the astronauts during their time aboard the ISS.

blog.adafruit.com

Here’s how it works: First astronauts take a special plastic pouch, similar looking to saline pouches used in hospitals, and fill it with water from a dispenser aboard the space station.

After hooking the pouch up to the chronicle.bg

OPEN POSITIONS The Collegian Senate

UPDATE

- Religion Writer - Opinion Writer - Layout Designer - Office Manager If interested, email Richard.Barbosa @wallawalla.edu

New business

Old business

P.L. 37 Alayna Belko for EVP assistant

G.L. 15 Andrea Lilly for University senate

P.L. 38 Kevin Ellis for Senate secretary

CONTEXT

SNAPSHOTS 06 Josh McKinney

Josh McKinney

Josh McKinney

Josh McKinney

Josh McKinney

Monica Culler

Monica Culler

Monica Culler

Josh McKinney

Josh McKinney

Josh McKinney

Josh McKinney

Josh McKinney

Josh McKinney

Josh McKinney

CONTEXT

07 WEEK IN FORECAST

Week in

Josh McKinney

THURSDAY 1

April 16 68°

Surf Trip, Mandatory Meeting WEC 142, 9:00 P.M.

Badminton Intramurals

WEC 7:45 P.M. (Sign up by 12:00 P.M. by emailing don.hepker@wallawalla.edu. Indicate A/B league.)

19

FRIDAY

SATURDAY 1

SUNDAY

April 18

April 17

1

Carlton Henkes

Timothy Torres

18

Caleb Riston

allbadminton.net

FORECAST 16 17 75°

CommUnity, Weekend of Worship with Dilys Brooks

72°

ASWWU Outdoors Surf Trip

U-Church, 11:00 A.M.

ASWWU Outdoors Surf Trip Meet at Kretschmar Lawn, 8:30 A.M.-12:00 P.M.

ASWWU Outdoors Surf Trip at Whalen Island Campground near Pacific City, OR

UPCOMING EVENTS

Vespers, Weekend of Worship with Dilys Brooks U-Church, 8:00 P.M.

20

73°

Tri-College Service Day

U-Church, 8:00 P.M.

Josh McKinney

April 19

1

21

22

Alumni Weekend

MONDAY

April 20

1 78°

On this day in 1862, Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard finished their falsification of the theory of spontaneous generation In other news, it’s April 20.

pinimg.com

lasierra.edu

brainimmune.com

April 23-26

TUESDAY 2

April 21 80°

La Sierra University Graduate Program Visit Cafeteria, 11:00 A.M.-2:00 P.M.

WEDNESDAY 2

April 22 69°

On this day in 1864, the U.S. Congress passed the Coinage Act of 1864 to place the words “In God We Trust” be engraved on all coins produced by U.S. mints

Trail of the Coeur d’Alenes May 9

International Food Fair May 17

PERSPECTIVE OPINION 08

WHAT DO I KNOW ABOUT COFFEE?:

WWU Crossed

BENJAMIN

ramey

Perspective Editor

What do I know about coffee? Not much. Admittedly, I am a bit pickier about my coffee than the average Folgers drinker, but when it comes to preparation I’m at a loss. I’ve never operated an espresso machine or used a drip system, and my french press brews come out gritty, which, I’ve been told, is because the beans are too fine.

Regardless, I’m in love with espresso shots and the Galactic Americano1; my go-to is plain, black drip.

Coffeehouses are much more than a cool place to get a hot drink. Here on the outskirts of the Northwest Coffee Belt, we’ve caught onto an intellectually hip culture. However drinking coffee originated in the Middle East around 1000 A.D. and transitioned to Europe nearly five hundred years later.

The first man to be recorded drinking coffee was a philosopher and physician named Avicenna. He called the drink bruna. The word bruna is still used in modern Ethiopia to describe a brewed coffee.2 Grinding roasted coffee beans and steeping them in liquid did not become popular until the Arab Sufi monks of the 15th century developed the grinding of coffee called qahwa.

The monks, to stay awake during their nightly prayer vigils, drank qahwa.3 Though coffee was an early tradition, the first coffee house recorded in English journals was in Constantinople, (now Istanbul) around 1555. The coffee houses of the Muslim world were called Mekteb-i-ifan, meaning “schools of the cultured.” These houses provided the privileged class a place to play games, such as chess and backgammon while live music was performed.

A WWU CROSSED BRIEF HISTORY

Coffee Edition 1

2

6 7

8

The Mekteb-i-ifan quickly became a feature of the Muslim urban culture.

Coffee houses in Constantinople were known for mixing opium, tobacco, and coffee to experience a unique high that was often accompanied with spiritual visions. Until the 1700s, Yemen cultivated and exported between 50 and 75 percent of the global coffee bean market.

During the Renaissance era of the 17th and 18th centuries, coffeehouses served as hubs of intellectual ingenuity and a conglomeration of free-flowing ideas. Men and often woman could meet publicly to discuss local politics, daily news, and read books. Coffee houses became a common ground for a conglomeration of free-flowing ideas and critiquing of the government and often made Kings jealous. King Charles passed a royal “Proclamation for the Supression of Coffee Houses”5 in 1675, but after public back lash. The proclamation was revoked in ten days and is the only proclamation to be revoked so quickly in the history of England. Coffee houses were also used as a place to pick up the ladies. Letters were often exchanged between men and women

4

5

COFFEE EDITION

Coffee was not unknown to Europe in the 15th century, but was not popular until the coffeehouse boom of the 1650s. Though the first coffee house has never been concretely proven, according to The Coffee House written

by Ellis Markman, a man name Daniel Edwards and his slave Pasque Rosee of St. Michaels’ Alley of Cornhill opened the first coffee house in Oxford in 1652.4

3

9

10

11

12

13

14

Created on TheTeachersCorner.net Crossword Maker

Across

Down

2. Serves Coffee 5. Alternate Name 7. Mocha 8. Espresso and Half & Half 10. Ten Drink Membership 11. Espresso, Steamed Milk, Foam 12. Atlas Manager 14. Americano: 'Espresso and _____'

in search for a partner. A letter posted from The Morning Post was written by a bachelor gentleman, who used the initials H.P. and called his post an “Invitation to the Ladies” from an “Old Batchelor’s Declaration”: “Believe me Ladies, Love is the greatest beautifier of polite and delicate conversation and gives… the sweetest happiness to the Human Soul. Love therefore and Love me, because I have the warmest love for you.”6 Isn’t that lovely? With these cof-

1. Two shots 3. Color of a Ripe Bean 4. Flavor and Steamed Milk 6. Cold Brew 7. Coffee Pub 9. Cooks Coffee Beans 13. Higher Caffeine Content: '____ Roast'

feehouse activities in mind, what are coffee shops used for today? The Atlas, for example, displays student art and is a useful place to study and get some work done. The beauty of doing homework in a public place — you get distracted. While too much distraction is detrimental to a healthy grade point average, the right amount can lead to spontaneous creativity and new ideas.

By working in a public hub, collaboration is stimulated — students from different disciplines can get a taste of

other fields just by looking around the corner and asking someone else what they’re working on.

Americano with honey - Creatively named by Grant Perdew 1

Clayton, Antony. London’s Coffee Houses: The Stimulating Story. Phillimore &, 2004.

2,3,6

Ellis, Markman. The Coffee House. London: Pickering & Chatto, 2006.

4,5

PERSPECTIVE

09 RELIGION

BRINGING MY PRAYER LIFE BACK TO LIFE “The quickest way to kill your prayer life is to pretend to care about what you really don’t care about.”

JORDAN

stephan Contributor

My dad said that once, and it really stuck with me. Why is it that my prayers often become such a performance? Even in private, I pray silently to God as if I were praying publicly, trying to say just the right things. I feel myself feigning sincerity in my voice as I pray, even if I’m just praying in my head.

I know God accepts, even prefers, raw and genuine prayer, yet the things that I pray about seem calculated and cold. Most of the time, my prayers are just a list of requests and praises, but shouldn’t prayer be more fluid, more natural than that? If prayer is a conversation with God, why do I feel like I’m rehearsing a speech?

I doubt I’m alone in feeling this way.

As I’ve thought about this, I’ve come to four conclusions about prayer: First: Prayer isn’t a last resort; it should be the first stop.

I work at the University Bookstore and sometimes the receiving systems will act up on the computer. After I rant

and complain (very professionally) to my boss, he will tell me to call technical support. I say I will, but then I retreat back to the computer where I spend even more time messing with the program and searching for the answer online. If I ultimately concede that there is nothing more I can do, I call tech support, wholly embarrassed.

I treat prayer like tech support. It’s what I turn to when all other options are exhausted. Almost always, I talk to God either after I’ve talked with others,

ordered it? Sometimes I feel that way in my prayer life. I “place an order” with God, and then I move on with my day. But later, if He answers my prayer, I don’t even notice because I forgot that I even asked Him about it.

Some people keep prayer journals.

Others just write sticky notes and put them where they always see them. I find that I need to focus on one or two things for a period of time whenever I pray so that I’m consistent. When I remember what I’ve prayed for, I can

“I treat prayer like tech support.” or when I can’t talk with anyone else.

But God should be the first one I turn to, shouldn’t He? At work, I know that tech support is my best option, but I stubbornly try to solve it on my own first. Prayer, too, is our best option for everything, right from the start.

Second: It’s helpful to keep track of what you pray for.

Have you ever gone to the SAC and placed an order at noon, but then when they finally call your name at 2:45 P.M., you forgot that you even

better see God at work. Few things are as inspiring as seeing God put things together as you pray for them.

Third: Prayer is only one-sided if you’re being two-faced.

I’ve heard many people talk about how they feel like their prayers hit the ceiling and come back. Why does prayer often seem so one-sided? I’ve found this happens most often when my prayers become stagey and false.

I want to say the right things in the right way to connect with God.

Don’t pray the prayer you think God wants to hear. Share with God what you really care about. Pray what’s really on your heart; after all, that’s where he really wants to focus His work. If you find yourself praying about something reluctantly, chances are that that’s what you really ought to pray about.

Fourth: Prayer isn’t built for solutions; it’s built for relationship.

There are certainly times where prayer can solve our problems and fix things. But praying only in that way is like checking out the excellent trunk space on your new car, yet never actually driving it. Prayer offers many things, but the relationship that comes from prayer is the most valuable and most rewarding part of it all. Yes, God wants your concerns, your praises, and your plans. But more than all of that, He wants you.

“God is not interested in your spiritual life. He is interested in your life.”1 John Ortberg, The Life You’ve Always Wanted, p. 15.

1

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Creatively named by

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gospelherald.com

FEATURE

COFFEE 10

Coffee ELLIOTT

berger Atlas Manager

GOATS, TODDY CATS, AND FOUR STEPS TO THE PERFECT CUP

Coffee is COFFEEthe currently third most consumed beverage in the world, TEA behind tea, then water.

WATER

O

nce upon an Ethiopian evening, there was a young goat herder named Khaldi who misplaced his goats. He quickly began a search and discovered them chewing on some red cherries, wildly prancing about. “They must be bewitched!� he and the surrounding Adventists thought. Upon trying the cherries, Khaldi himself began to feel tingly. Taking the cherries to the local holy man, the mysterious fruit was thrown into a boiling pot, that familiar scent arose, and the rest is a legacy developing more every moment of the day.

Coffee is currently the third most consumed beverage in the world, behind tea, then water; yet, many consumers and even some suppliers are found to know little about it. The wandering goat story could be fact or fable, but the rest of this article is based on a lot of work done by passionate people from all over the world. This article is meant to act as a resource for expanding your knowledge and enjoyment of such a popular beverage in hope that you will appreciate the people who create it.

FEATURE

11 COFFEE

Step 1: Coffee If you take a globe and slap your fingers down on the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, you can trace across and see where all the green coffee in the world grows. This is referred to as the bean belt. Although we say “bean,” they are actually seeds from edible, red cherries that are picked liked blueberries and processed to get rid of their layers, leaving a single seed known as green coffee. Every ripe cherry is picked one by one to produce a single seed, so when we scale things up, 2.25 billion cups worth of coffee had every day at 50 beans per cup, we end up with 112.5 billion beans needing to be picked a day, all from the bean belt.

This is the start of the process. Now that the beans have been picked, they need to be processed to remove the cherry pulp and get to the seed. Two common forms of processing are “washed process” by washing the pulp off the coffee before it has dried, and “natural process” where it is set out to dry completely, fermenting the cherry pulp during the process. Not too much can go wrong in the beginning stages, it’s just a lot of long hours picking the branches.

Coffee will take on a recognizable flavor profile depending on the region it’s grown in. The variety, soil type, climate, ripeness, and processing build a flavor profile even before roasting — call these origin characteristics. The beans are shipped and distributed to roasters who can manipulate the flavor profile similar to baking.

Step 2: Roasting Roasting coffee is a sensitive task. Roasts range from light to dark. Where a light roast will generally highlight origin characteristics, a dark roast will highlight roasting characteristics — caramelization, nuttiness, burn, and wood-canoe-down-a-muddy-river-esque flavors. The darker roasts’ origin characteristics get “roasted out,” the acidity decreases, and the caffeine levels drop.

Once you reach a dark roast — the origins of a coffee are difficult to pinpoint and the coffee tends to taste bitter. On the other hand, light roasts have less time for their molecules to be ripped apart, so they have higher acidity and caffeine levels.

Now that the coffee is roasted, the flavor clock starts ticking. A simple way to remember when beans go bad is to think in different units of time. Green coffee in years, roasted coffee in days, and ground coffee in seconds. This means that once coffee is ground, it is on peak for maybe 60 seconds. You generally find people thinking of roasted and ground coffee in the time scale of weeks, but coffee pre-ground from a store or let sit out for a few days is a near guarantee to be stale and rancid in the cup. Coffee should be used within 1.5 weeks of being roasted, should be stored in its original bag in a cool, dark place — never in a freezer. Just treat fresh coffee like you would a perfectly ripe avocado.

A good shop will balance their coffee usage and its freshness, but it’s not just the age of the bean that affects the flavor. One of the many reasons why coffee is so popular in Seattle and Portland is because of the consistent weather — overcast and rainy a lot of the time. If you ever want to know the weather or if a storm is coming in, just step into the nearest coffee venue and ask the barista.

Believe it or not, the drop in barometric pressure affects the way the coffee behaves and you can tip your barista for a forecast.

The Bean Belt cafelondonblog.com

dark roast Highlights roasting characteristics More roasting time Lower acidity Lower caffeine Bitter taste

light roast Highlights origin Characteristics Less roasting time The trendy thing to order in the Northwest Higher acidity Higher caffeine

FEATURE

COFFEE 12

Step 3: Preparation Different methods of brewing bring out different flavors as well. You can use filters, kettles, siphons, drippers, socks, cats, or anything else that works. On the opposite side of the world, the Asian palm civet (or Toddy Cat (yes, a feline!)) digests and excretes coffee beans which are then collected and sold as Kopi Luwak, currently the most expensive coffee in the world.

Each method of coffee create has its own purrs and scratches, and perhaps one of the most evasive is that of espresso. Espresso based drinks are popular due to their strong flavor and quick production. The treasured and guarded machines behind the counter basically keep constant pressure and temperature for the water that shoots through finely ground coffee at nine times our atmospheric pressure. While other brew methods can take minutes to days, espresso generally takes around 40 seconds to produce.

Things generally start the same: Doppio (double espresso): Generally finished in three sips to evaluate the flavor profile of each section of the espresso, or stirred to mix the sections together. Sometimes served with sparkling water to cleanse the palate before drinking, and after if the shot leaves a bad taste in your mouth. Shots of espresso are also used as the base for other espresso drinks.

Macchiato: Literally “stained” in Italian and possibly tied to Jesus’ pierced hands on the cross — a tiny amount of steamed milk mixes and marks the top of the doppio. This drink is commonly misunderstood, and many people expect a large, caramelly beverage like Starbucks produces.

Cappuccino: Between 5-6 ounces, espresso with steamed milk — more foamy than other espresso based beverages, but it must be mixed perfectly as a beautiful marriage between the coffee and milk. If you ever want to test a barista’s skill, order a cappuccino. A good cappuccino will have exercised high skill in both the art of espresso extraction and the steaming and pouring of milk.

Latte: Espresso mixed with a larger volume of steamed milk.

Mocha: Variation on the latte with chocolate added.

Americano: Espresso shots poured over hot water.

Lessons in Espresso MILK FOAM ESPRESSO ESPRESSO

doppio

A common misconception is that coffee tastes bitter. Although bitterness could play a role in the taste, a well prepared cup will rarely have a noticeably bitter flavor component. Due to the increase in quality, the current trend in the Northwest is to roast lightly and experience the origin characteristics fully. Coffee by itself should then largely exhibit taste associated with the variety, which generally follow the flavors seen on the world map above.

Many of these flavors mix well with milk and are specifically bought and prepared with that in mind. The only two drinks mentioned earlier that don’t include milk are the americano and espresso doppio. The milk must be perfectly mixed with the espresso, with a smooth, warm surface, and little to no bubbles. You can tell the quality of your milk by listening at the counter, if you hear the milk make a choking sound, it’s likely that the barista is letting in too much air, and your coffee will turn out bubbly and inconsistent. If you hear a short and sweet chirping sound, your milk will probably come out smooth, rich, and sweet — the perfect partner for espresso.

Milk is not particularly sweet to begin with since lactose is not perceived as a sweet sugar, but as the milk steams, the lactose is torn into two simple sugars galactose and glucose — glucose being much sweeter is able to balance the strong flavors of the espresso.

Step 4: Experiencing From seed to cup, the coffee in your hand is the culmination of the passion and expertise from the coffee community. Every day, people work to develop the coffee you drink, and the perfect cup is a treasure to find. Only a skilled barista can consistently deliver thick, full, and flavorful espresso shots with silky smooth and sweet milk.

When you feel as though the stars have aligned and your drink is handed to you, take a sniff, dive your lips under the surface and sip from the bottom of the cup thinking of all the things it took to make your coffee taste so full.

MILK FOAM

HOT WATER

MILK FOAM

STEAMED MILK

ESPRESSO

ESPRESSO

ESPRESSO

macchiato

cappucino

americano

STEAMED MILK

MILK FOAM

STEAMED MILK CHOCOLATE

ESPRESSO

ESPRESSO

latte

mocha

FEATURE

13 COFFEE

LOCAL COFFEE SHOP DEALS 541-954-2056 Owned and run by our very own ASWWU on our very own campus, The Atlas is filled with friends, great study space, and, uh, oh yeah — Coffee! When the sunshine is out, ask for some Toddy — cold-brewed coffee that is less acidic than its more traditional, hot-brewed brother. A variety of tea and other hot drinks are available.

30% off of traditional espresso based drinks, 10% off all other drinks (good for one week)

509-522-4713 For coffee on the go, Coffee Cravings offers the standard selection, in hot, iced and blended options. The service is always friendly and prices are stellar.

For a drive-thru coffee stop, this is a solid choice.

The iced tea with lemon is $2.

509-525-0451 The international face of coffee born in the Pacific Northwest. With two locations in Walla Walla, you’re sure to find coffee, tea, or a tasty treat you’ll love.

Any drink is 2 for 1 with a Wolf Scrip card.

509-526-0959 “The Source of All Things Good”, the Walla Walla Roastery is where The Atlas, The Maple Counter Café, The Olive, and others around town get their beans. It’s worth a stop for some mega-delicious coffee. It’s the Roastery. Just do it.

Homemade cold brew - $3.00 Homemade caramel latte - $3.85 Housemade kombucha - $3.75

509-526-0200 Between 8-9 P.M. baked goods in the top display are a dollar. 10% discount with valid student ID. The spacious and welcoming Olive will offer you delicious coffee, a pastry case full of baked goods, and a menu of food that won’t disappoint. Buy a piece of cake, a steamy mug of coffee, and settle in for a Sunday of studying.

Free refills on drip coffee.

509-240-8065 Just a block from campus, The Black Cup is a small single-barista coffee stop. They offer friendly service and a wide range of coffee drinks, both hot and iced, and for all you who are picky about the milk selection, The Black Cup offers a variety of milk options.

10% student discount when you show your WWU ID.

509-301-7289 Delicious coffee and buttery French treats — what’s not to love?! The only place in town that offers affogato (gelato covered in a shot of espresso), The Patisserie’s cappuccino also comes highly recommended. If you’re looking for a coffee alternative, give the chai latte or hot chocolate a try.

Great for studying. Or a date.

Or a study-date.

509 526-0636 Coffee Perk offers a cozy space to study and creative coffee concoctions. With large windows, a fireplace, and coffee with great flavor, this is a great place for meetings, dates, or a solo study sesh.

Specials: Sweet Soho (chocolate, butter caramel, macadamia nuts) small $3.10, medium 3.50, large 3.90

509-529-4298 509-526-0959 Swing by Giddy Up & Go for some coffee or a yogaccino between classes. The coffee is served in giant cups and they’re speedy to boot! Get ready for daily specials and great service.

Get ready for some firefighter appreciation with your coffee. Hot Mama’s has a special drink everyday, so this may be the place for you if you like to experiment with your brew. Each cup is delivered with a Hot Tamale on the lid and rumor has it they deliver. $2 drink specials run daily

509-527-9000 Famous across the country for large iced and hot coffee, get ready for a sugar and caffeine boost. The Dutch Freeze is basically a milkshake, so what’s not to like.

Warning: Beware the “ER 911”.

Free coffee on your birthday!

541-938-5556 Monday: double punch day Tuesday: $2.00 basic drink Wednesday: Happy Hour 12-2pm $0.50 off, Thursday: Happy Hour 12-2pm $0.50 off Friday: $1.00 baked goods Saturday: Happy Hour 12-2pm $0.50 off Sunday: Happy Hour 12-2pm $0.50 off

LIFE

CULTURE 14

THE CITY FLOWING WITH COFFEE 1. Starbucks “Hi there, how are you?” the college-aged barista asked as I approached the counter, her dark green apron stained with milk and caramel sauce.

“I’m fine, thank you. What do you have on drip today?”

“Well, we have our Pike’s Place

RIVER

davis Culture Writer In Portland, coffee flows like water. We drink it, shower in it, wash our cars with it, etc. But seriously, this city drinks a lot of coffee. In fact, if you were to trip on your shoelace while walking down the street in any direction in downtown Portland, chances are you would probably trip into the doorway of a coffee shop. Of course every coffee bar claims it has either the most organic beans, original origin, flavors, mustached baristas, shade-grown beans, precise latte art, and so on and so forth.

Personally, I feel lucky to be living in such a fine city where the coffee culture is strong, vibrant, and sometimes snobby.

My sidekick, Haley, and I have been passively working our way through a number of these coffee shops to experience their unique quirks, and we’ve found some amazing places as well as some we wish to never visit again. I want to take you on a short tour through some of our Portland coffee shop encounters to give you a taste of the different sub-cultures found in these little shops. Let’s start with a simple one:

coffee-beans.jpg

blend, and our Sumatra, which is our dark roast for today.”

“Perfect, I’ll take a tall dark roast.”

The $1.75 transaction was smoothly made, and franchised coffee was handed to me within minutes. It tasted as expected, and was a safe bet. I was simply one of millions of people that got their

morning Starbucks and went on with their day, thinking nothing more of it.

“Just fine! I’m new to the city, so I’m just biking around and seeing the sights.”

I hopped back on my bike, my new bearded friend poked his head out the doorway.

“Well then, you oughtta check out Mt. Tabor Park! It’s just up the road!” He took a sip of his black coffee and pointed in a vague direction. I thanked him and ordered a glass of cold brew coffee, enjoying the confines of the high brick walls and thick wooden tables with the scent of fresh ground beans hanging in the air. As

“It’s a beautiful day to enjoy the park! Oh, and welcome to Portland!”

He yelled out, giving a hearty chuckle as he waved goodbye.

waymarking.com

2. Stark Street Station I stepped inside to find a small room full of wooden tables and sun streaming through the windows.

Neighborhood folks were reading the morning paper while a young woman with a poodle in a sweater ordered a drink at the counter. I smiled at a gentleman sitting at the counter by the windows.

workfrom.co

“How you doing today?” he asked me through his enormous beard.

3. Flying Cat Coffee Co. “Do you think these are pictures of her cats?” I whispered to Haley as we explored the cramped coffee shop.

There were framed pictures of felines on every wall, with a giant model of a cat in a cape hanging from the ceiling.

“Does it smell like kitty litter in here to you?” Haley asked me under her breath. Just then, the older woman working behind the counter went into the back room and came out with a bowl of cat food. She shuffled to the back door and swung it open, revealing a tabby cat waiting patiently.

I pedaled up the hill towards the park with a smile on my face, feeling swell. A fine place: Good coffee, good folks, good vibe.

barista cooed to the cat.

Although we enjoyed the cat theme, perhaps it wasn’t best to (meow)mix it with coffee.

Final score — Coffee: A+, Environment: D-.

“There you go, good kitty,” the

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4. Rain or Shine “Hello, welcome to Rain or Shine!” said a cheerful barista with freckles and reddish hair.

caffeinatedpdx.com

“Thanks!” we replied as we gazed up at the menu. The Rise and Shine latte, cardamom latte, lavender mocha, and other unique and enticing concoctions tempted us as we decided on what to order.

The college-age baristas twirled around the espresso machine, whipping up light-hearted coffee beverages as they laughed and chatted with customers.

“Oh, if you want to start a punch card, you can file one in this box. All of our customers can keep theirs in here, and that way it feels like we are all family,” one of the baristas

explained.

We found a couple antique chairs and sipped our lavender lattes as we watched the Division Street traffic roll by. The rain trickled down the vintage-paned windows in classic Portland style, and we knew this would become our favorite coffee spot.

and went on king nothing

LIFE

15 FOOD

RACHEL

PETERSON Food Writer

I’d love to get feedback from you! Send me an email if you have any comments or suggestions for recipes you’d like to see featured at rachel.peterson@ wallawalla.edu

BREAKFAST BOWL Breakfast needs to be filling, nourishing, and energizing. This breakfast is packed with protein to keep you full all the way until lunch. Perfect for after a morning workout.

Note: Due to being asked some follow up questions, just to clarify, the lentils and the rice in the Crazy for Casserole recipe featured several issues ago do not need to be cooked prior to mixing into the casserole.

Rachel Peterson

Feature

RECIPE : BREAKFAST BOWL I N G R E D I E N TS 1 cup Greek yogurt 1 tbsp. peanut butter 1 tbsp. almonds 1 tbsp. oats 1 serving protein powder

e cat.

(I used a smooth coffee flavored protein powder that was new to me. Chocolate protein powered would also work well with the ingredients. Feel free to experiment.)

oyed the cat wasn’t best to coffee.

ffee: A+,

I N ST R U C T I O N S 1. Mix the protein powder with the yogurt until completely blended.

2. Next, add a few strawberries, some peanut butter, almonds, dark chocolate, and oats. Your breakfast bowl is now ready to eat!

Rachel Peterson Recipe adapted from: budgetbytes.com

PERSPECTIVE RELIGION 16

THE SABBATH DILEMMA BENJAMIN

ramey

Religion Writer

I had the pleasure of visiting a number of northwest churches last spring quarter while taking Pedrito’s course on church worship. Our class was assigned the task of experiencing a variety of worship services and subsequently critiquing what we saw. Each time I finished a report on a worship service, one reoccurring problem kept confronting me. The local churches don’t know much about Adventists, mostly because local churches don’t see or hear much from us apart from the Adventists ranting in the Union Bulletin letters to the editor about the evil homosexual ideology infiltrating the church.

One of the main obstacles that keeps Adventists huddled in their College Place sanctuaries is the belief in the Seventh-day Sabbath. Generations of SDA leaders have used the Sabbath as an excuse to stay set apart from the rest of Christendom, fearing an exchange of ideas and--God-forbid-an open correspondence on theology.

Many staunch Adventists view themselves a bit like the Marines, “The Few, The Proud, The Sabbath Keepers.” Proper belief on an issue as simple as which day to worship has taken precedence over the cause of unity and interdependence of Christian denominations. And when a whorehound like the Catholic church and their lead hooker Pope Francis decide to announce a call for Christian unity, the whole world must be coming to an end in ecumenical flames. 1 It’s a false dichotomy masquerading as a value problem. Either one must accept the true beliefs given by God or assent to the congregational norms of mainstream Christianity and associate across denominations. According to this view there is no middle road.

The Sabbath is a commandment set by God at Sinai and it must be followed regardless of the repercussions it has on our relationship with

other Christians. Sunday keepers2 are following a tradition based on inaccurate interpretations of the Bible laced with Papal authority. Because of the importance of the Sabbath day and the lack of true believers following the commandments of Jesus, Adventists are part of a special breed of Christians that make up the end time church. And here’s the value problem: the feeling of self-importance brought on by such beliefs aids Adventists in staying put, being content living on their side of the line.

Surprisingly enough, most Christians who go to church on Sunday are not attending so that they may purposely disregard the decalogue. Rather, Sunday is a convenient day of worship that has been used for centuries, it celebrates Christ as the risen savior and is helpful in giving many Christians a commonality, a day of worship that they can all share together - like the scriptures intended. I’m not arguing that Sunday is the “correct” day to worship. Rather, devout believers are being demonized because they want to celebrate the resurrected Jesus.

The Adventist church equips evangelists for sheep-stealing by equipping them with proof texts supporting the Seventh-day Sabbath found in the gospels and Acts of the Apostles. Take a look at any massproduced or church-sanctioned propaganda concerning the Sabbath.

None that I’ve come across attempts to aid in the cause of Christian unity by inviting Sabbath keepers to fellowship with their other church-going brothers and sisters on Sunday. The material is strictly about the importance of Sabbath-keeping and the joys one will find when observing it. The quote below, which is taken from the Adventist Church’s homepage, gives a taste of the condescending attitude Adventist literature has when talking about the Sabbath.

“Jesus, both by example and by command, showed that the seventh day, Saturday, is still the Sabbath. It’s a truth as obvious as the earth moving around the sun.

No, even more obvious, we think.” 2 If the Adventist church hopes to minister to the mass majority of Godfearing Christians something has to change. It does not need to change its belief about the Sabbath or dismiss the denomination entirely, but the Adventist church does need to make a conscious effort to worship with other Christians and become part of the greater body of Christ. It isn’t the other denominations that are hiding

amazingfacts.org

amazingfacts.org

away on their own special day of worship like a two year old trying to make sure the other classmates don’t mess with his or her toys.

Traditional Adventists interpretation of Revelation 17 (And upon her forehead was a name written, Mystery, Babylon The Great, The Mother Of Harlots And Abominations Of The Earth. (KJV)) 1

The term “Sunday Keepers” is a misinformed term used by some Adventists to imply that Christians who worship on Sunday are purposely keeping Sunday holy in the same way Adventists observe the seventh day.

2

http://www.adventist.org/beliefs/living/thesabbath/article/go/0/is-saturday-the-sabbath/ 3

PERSPECTIVE 17 CW/CW

Creative

POEMS

WRITING

ABIGAIL

wissink Creative Curator

Our poet finds himself reflecting in his college rental’s most communal of spaces - the Living Room. Here, intertwining stories are written in a mess he will be nostalgic about for years to come.

WISDOM

BY JACK SWAIN

Japan overtakes China as top holder of US Treasury Debt

On the wooden shelf

Elegy for Ellway

One hundred wrinkled cookbooks

Not the brightest nor the best but the schoolmate I’ll remember no longer will he pass me and the halls are empty now

with dog eared pages.

Behind the TV I find a moldy teacup

If you’d like to submit your poetry, prose, songs, or any kind of creative writing, email me at abigail.wissink@ wallawalla.edu

Collegian

and take a small sip.

No smoke detector -not until we learn how to tend to the toaster.

Underneath the couch a legion of dust bunnies prepares for battle.

Bowl of cereal, who balanced you so nicely atop the lampshade?

Pots with dead flowers; The room is full of evening shadows on the walls.

People come and go.

I sit and look at all the nail holes in the wall.

The contract is pretty animeted Tennessee House votes to make the Bible the official state book

From my classroom I remember Ellway strolling in the yard his baseball cap on backwards while our teacher called roll

One nation legally under God Police mistake black teen for burglar at white foster parents’ home

Ellway? Ellway?

She will never speak again But I’ll keep looking out that window because I remember Ellway

Parents mistook police for terrorists.

Who at the urinal sang songs in french under his breath just for him and washed his hands in the sink

The king of Spain receives a Game of Thrones DVD set as present from anti-monarchical politician

And walked away in his smooth leather boots carrying books, and smiling at the girls

Hope he’s not getting married anytime soon.

Man deliberately ‘fattens up’ girlfriends to keep love rivals at bay

Ellway who they said passed away last Sunday in his bedroom with his boots and I never even knew.

video

vimeo.com/aswwu

Box Trolls

They were French models Vatican announces major summit on climate change Major Summit.

We were creeping with cameras again.

Eric Weber

LIFE

#thecollegian 18

thecollegian

INSTAGRAM

@av525i

@ljbeddoe

@joshuahuhwhat

@elliot_fletcher

@edelweisssss

@missellaaaaa @remmus93

@littlefluteplayer

@halvyh

LIFE

19 HUMOR

“EVERY YEAR, MANY, MANY STUPID PEOPLE GRADUATE FROM COLLEGE. AND IF THEY CAN DO IT, SO CAN YOU.”

Likes

Dislikes

- Many yummy places to eat breakfast.

- Don’t have to worry about salmonella in the cafe.

- Hardly any traffic. Rush 10 minutes.

- A plethora of coffee-brewing establishments.

- Pretty and eco-friendly windmills that also eliminate the occasional bird. I don’t like birds.

- A variety of golf courses. From fancy (Wine Valley) to frumpy (Milton-Freewater).

- Veggie meat is always on sale somewhere.

In honor of these contradictory feelings, I have made a short-list of the things that we all love and hate about the town of Walla Walla and WW University. Because who doesn’t like lists? Enjoy.

- Always running into someone you know at the store. No anonymity means no PJs at Walmart. Or YOLO. No-judgment slippers in the freezer section rock!

- Winos (aka winery tourists) taking all the tables in the Patisserie and the Olive during the Spring! To the obnoxiously loud group of middle-aged women at the table across from me: I need to study!

- Tiny Bluewood’s inability to accumulate snow.

- No meat in the cafe. I blame the cafe for my inability to have thighs like Dwayne “The Rock” Johnson!

- WWU classes have too few students to allow for discreet sleeping.

- Few shopping opportunities. Four other girls had the same skirt at church — how embarrassing.

- Dust in the summer. Your car will never be clean.

Despite these things and other loves and dislikes, Walla Walla is pretty awesome and spring quarter is the best! See you all at Rooks Park on Saturday!

1

Patagonia has a “Wilderness First Responder” Association called the AADED, which responds to specific areas in Patagonia. Find more information at patagoniamagica.com

The Title Game is here again!

The first to email me at lauren. lewis2@wallawalla.edu with the author of the title quote will win a homemade baked good. Yum! Good luck!

SNAPCHAT

This long introductory paragraph serves to say that I think that the fouryear college stigma is overrated. I say this for two reasons. First, because Walla Walla is a safe, comforting, shielding, and protective environment compared to the real world. Matched to the pressure of graduate programs and big city living, who would ever want to leave the womb of WW? Second, because I am bitter. Sometimes I detest Walla Walla and want to leave SO BAD. But, unfortunately I still have credits to complete and therefore bitterly push myself into self-denial, and accept that Walla Walla is the best place on earth.

lewis Humor Writer

thecollegian

Proudly, I announce myself as a senior who is not graduating and will gain the achievement of SUPER Senior next fall. Bring me my sash and dwarves because I am Sleeping “through her classes” Beauty! My graduation plan of four years slipped through my fingers when I decided to drop out of school and travel for a quarter — which you should all do! I feel like I learned a lot more backpacking in South America than in my entry-level math class. No offense, Professor Bow Tie. When on the trail, I pondered questions such as: “What is the probability of a rescue team finding me in the middle of Patagonia if this 100 mph wind sweeps me off of the cliff?”[1] and “How should I shimmy through this midnight protest of communist-supporting youths dressed as clowns without getting pickpocketed or Taken.” I never told my mother this story; keep it on the down low.

LAUREN

LIFE

TRAVEL 20

coffee

& TRAVEL theatlantic.com

transitionsabroad.com

sateless-suitcase.com

HOW SHOULD YOU ORDER COFFEE LIKE A LOCAL IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES?

SHANNON

pierce

Travel Writer Coffee and traveling. Oh my!

Life’s greatest pairs.

The perks of coffee and traveling are that you’re able to boost your energy when you’re jet lagged and you meet new people — you’re able to observe the locals and other travelers like yourself.

Starbucks seems to be the goto for a lot of people; it’s the easiest choice since the menu is usually the same in every country. However, when you’re travelling, you should only go to Starbucks when you need free Wi-Fi or if you, like me, like to collect their city mugs.

Each country has their own rules when it comes to when they drink coffee and how. Let this list be your guide to order like a local.

FRANCE

MALAYSIA

COLUMBIA

GERMANY

VIETNAM

There are cafés spread everywhere in Paris, allowing people to sit crammed outside, side-byside, watching pedestrians and traffic go by.

When in Malaysia, order a Kopi Susu Panas. It’s a very sweet and thick drink: one part condensed milk and one part ground coffee.

In Columbia, the cortado is one part espresso and one part milk. In Columbia, the Eje Cafetero region is known as the coffee triangle because the majority of Columbian coffee is grown there.

ITALY

SPAIN

Germany is the world’s second-highest importer of coffee behind the U.S. They prefer their coffees with more sugar, whether a cube of sugar or a scoop of ice cream, but whipped cream is always present.

Italia has many coffees, mostly espressos. The most common is the macchiato, which is one part espresso and a small amount of frothed milk (not like what Starbucks makes). Others include the espresso romano, espresso with a slice of lemon in it, or the antoccino, which is one part espresso and one part milk, or the ristretto, a short shot of espresso usually consumed after dinner. The north and south of Italy differ on their preferred amount of espresso — the north loves it with more milk while the south loves it short.

Coffee is definitely ordered as an espresso with the choice with how much milk needed. A popular drink with only a little amount of milk is a café americano, which is a shot of espresso and water for a milder flavour. For more milk try a café con leche, which is equal parts espresso and milk. A little tip: most Spaniards don’t take coffee ‘to go,’ they sit and enjoy the company and coffee.

IRELAND

AUSTRALIA

GREECE

In Ireland, the popular item is the Irish coffee, which is coffee, brown sugar, and whipped cream. This tends to be a very sweet drink, and it is best served with something savory—or a good book.

Australia’s favorite is the flat white, a highly debated beverage — it’s a shot of espresso, steamed milk, and some foam. Some regions use hard foam, others use a micro foam, but all agree that the top should be white, hence the name.

Greece prefers its coffee served with ice. Specifically, the coffee should have the fine grounds settling down in the bottom of the cup. In Greece it’s frappé coffee: fine grind of coffee, cold water, ice, and foam.

In Vietnam, the ca phe sua da is a coarsely ground dark roast coffee with about a quarter to half cup of sweetened condensed milk mixed with boiling water and ice.

tsminteractive.com

LIFE

21 FASHION

THE SPRING FORECAST hartwick ALYSSA

Fashion Writer

1. GLADIATORS

2. FLARED DENIM

3. FRINGE

Once again gladiator sandals have come around in the fashion cycle — particularly ones that nearly grace the knee. This sandal style can surely be a huge statement for anyone’s warm weather look.

These are the knee-high boots of this Spring/Summer fashion season.

We all knew it was coming, but maybe not quite this soon. If you have been following the fashion world lately, you have noticed many are choosing to once again don flared denim. It’s as if they noticed the skinny fit had finally trickled all the way down to fashion’s most isolated and decided to dust their old flared denim off to once again see the fabulous light of day. What can I say? Get on it girl.

Fringe skirts, fringe shoes, fringe bags. This trend is manifesting itself in all areas and is the perfect way to give anyone that edgy bohemian summer look. Check out Zara to adopt this trend. They currently have some adorable fringe handbags for pretty inexpensive prices.

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www.sunrainey.com

SMART STYLING TIP

3rd Piece Rule

EECE

minteractive.com

Stick to the 3rd Piece Rule and never go wrong. Your pants and top are your first and second pieces, and your third piece is an extra outfit element such as a jacket, blazer, sweater, vest or statement accessory. What’s so special about a third piece? It adds nuance to an otherwise plain and boring outfit, making you look put together, polished, more interesting, and like you put a little effort into your look. Essentially, it’s a simple rule of thumb that promotes more stylish outfit choices.

Notice fashion blogger Julie Sarinana from Sincerely Jules shows exactly what I am talking about by tying a denim jacket around her waist to complete the 3rd piece rule. stylecaster.com Blogger Blair Eadie from Atlantic Pacific looking fabulous in her sandals

gemmacarey.com Olivia Palermo in flared denim

stylebyyellowbutton.com Blogger Pernille Teisbaek from Look de Pernille sporting the latest fringe

LIFE

SCIENCE 22

TECHNOLOGY WORTH USING: SLEEP AS ANDROID DANIEL

hulse Science Writer I’m going to make a bit of a confession here — I’ve always had a bit of trouble getting out of bed. I have a feeling I’m not the only one, either — it’s a fairly common problem for college students to get in the nasty habit of skipping early classes, or just abusing the snooze button. There’s good reasons for it, too — college is an atmosphere that encourages staying up late to study, and many times the stress of having to get everything done can motivate people to just stay in bed.

For me, this culminated fall quarter in regularly sleeping through my early classes simply because I couldn’t work up the willpower to not keep putting off getting up for 10 minutes. This happened until I nearly missed one of my finals entirely, not because of laziness but because I accidentally

muffled one alarm and set the other so early that I slept through it. Something needed to change. I had heard of apps to improve sleep hygene, so I bought the first one I could remember, an app called Sleep as Android.

Sleep hygene is an important but often neglected contributor to our overall health. While I don’t particularly want to discuss all the benefits of good sleep, good quality and quantity of sleep has been associated not just with a better feeling of health, but also longer life expectancy.1 Sleep quality is not just associated with better health, but better learning ability, making it beneficial not just to feel better and more healthy, but to be a more effective student.2 Sleep as Android works in a few different ways. It tracks your sleep using the accelerometer in your phone to measure the vibrations in your bed.

Then it offers a highly customizable alarm, allowing you to change the ringtone (which is unfortunately limited to music on the device and not through Google Play music/Spotify), snooze duration, number of snoozes,

COFFEE: DRUG "I don't drink coffee," is a sentence with about as much implied smugness as "I don't own a TV." Nobody wants to hear it, because, let's face it, coffee is more than just a drink — it's a lifestyle. While coffee still carries a stigma in some Adventist circles, uttering the sentence "I don't drink coffee" in any sort of casual conversation tends to get you some odd stares and harsh judgment. Since coffee is so prevalent, its health effects should be known to everyone. Because of this, I've compiled a handy little summary of coffee's studied health effects. Enjoy.

Performance Effects

Most everyone who's had coffee knows that it makes you more alert — this has been studied fairly well.

Coffee can increase alertness, especially when sleep is low, even to the point that people drinking coffee in the middle of the night on low-sleep

can be just as alert as people during the day. This, of course, is only true of caffeinated coffee — decaf was found to have no greater effect on alertness than juice.1 Caffeine (coffee's active ingredient for these sorts of effects) has also been shown to increase endurance and speed in aerobic exercise, although its possible side effects for use in conjunction with exercise have not been studied very well.2 Finally, and perhaps on a darker note, caffeine does cause a dependency. While this dependency is much less serious than that of cocaine and amphetamines,3 that doesn't make it any less difficult to deal with. Caffeine withdrawal is often characterized by symptoms like headache, tiredness, decreased contentedness and desire to socialize, and even flu-like feelings; these symptoms have been shown to last from two to nine whole days.4 As a result, coffee (and caffeine in general) has both good and

and “smart period.” The cool thing about having a “smart period” for the alarm is that it lets the app wake you up at the optimal time in the 30 minutes or so before your alarm is set to line up with your sleep cycle — when you’re the most wakeful and least likely to feel tired if woken.

It also allows you to set a CAPTCHA, a specific puzzle, or action you have to make the phone do in order to stop the alarm and prover you’re awake whether that be scanning a QR code, doing math problems, writing in a dream diary, or scanning an NFC tag.

I’ve found using an NFC tag to be the most effective of these, since it can be used to force yourself to leave the bedroom and enter a really bright one.

The app then provides graphs and data about your sleep, including your general alertness during the night, noise made, and more. More specifically, it will show you the percent of your sleep that was deep sleep based on its readings, your average duration was and the deficit from the ideal, and the percent of the night you spend snoring. It will even provide handy

bad effects that should be weighed and considered before drinking it.

Health Effects

What people are most confused about is what the long-term effects of coffee drinking mean to our health. It seems like every other local newscast has some new piece of information about coffee. Part of this is because the local news usually doesn't follow good practices in their reporting on science, reporting on every new study that comes out rather than relying on critical reviews and meta-analyses, which evaluate and compile all of the research on a specific issue instead of just a single experiment's data points.

Meta-analyses are particularly suited for coffee and other lifestyle choices that have been widely studied.

Using meta-analyses, a fairly clear narrative of coffee's health effects can be be constructed without much trouble. The most troubling (at first) health effect of coffee is that it raises blood pressure, which is generally a big risk factor in hypertension and

charts of your sleep duration over time and deep sleep percentage over time, as well as regression models for the optimal sleep hour and duration. After some time, it can provide some advice for correcting any problems with your sleep hygiene.

Finally, Sleep as Android has a lot of different add-ons, extensions, and little extra features that make it really useful in niche cases. For example, it can control certain models of light therapy, lights that produce fullspectrum light that can be used to treat depression and a host of sleep disorders. There’s an add-on for smartwatches. You can even make it play a lullaby to help you get to sleep.

It can notify you about when to go to sleep. It’s a fully-featured application.

In many ways, the biggest problems with Sleep as Android relate to its slew of features. It’s a hefty application to just figure out all at once. Many of the things that make it useful may also make it confusing to learn — for example, each alarm can be set with different settings or by using application-wide settings which can

heart disease.5,6 Interestingly, this effect is independent of caffeine content, meaning both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee can cause higher blood pressure.7 What's interesting and reassuring is that it has since been shown that the risk of coronary heart disease (the biggest concern with increased blood pressure) does not increase with coffee consumption,8 except perhaps for middle-aged, male, heavy (4+ cups/day) coffee drinkers.9 Science has fairly well established that moderate coffee drinking is pretty harmless for adults, provided the coffee is filtered. It may even provide (very slight) benefits, like prevention of type 2 diabetes,10 prevention of Parkinson's disease, prevention of suicide, and prevention of liver disease. Outside of high-risk groups like children, the elderly, and people with risk of hypertension, there really isn't much of a health reason to avoid drinking coffee in moderation. 11 Coffee as a Sugary Drink

Unfortunately, while the coffee it-

also be customized. While definitely useful for making custom alarms, this feature can also be frustrating in that it makes it that much more difficult to figure out how to change the setting for an existing alarm. While Sleep as Andoid seems to follow Android’s Material Design guidelines, it’s implementation leaves more to be desired — specifically, simplicity. A few of the features also seem to be a bit poorly-done, like the regression modeler. Also, the icon is ugly.

While Sleep as Android is probably the most fully-featured of the sleep apps, it certainly isn’t the only one.

There are other apps with similar features on both iTunes and the Play Store, like Sleep Cycle alarm clock, available on the iTunes App store, and Sleepbot, which is free on the Play store. All in all, I have found Sleep as ewweb.comng Android to be an amazingly useful app for improving my sleep quality, it’s well worth the $4.50. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/9783-642-76034-1_63#page-1 1

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1087079205001231 2

self is fairly harmless, it's increasingly being served in ways that aren't. Coffee as ordered in Starbucks should be thought of more as a sugar and fat-infused coffee drink than actual coffee, because that, in many ways, is what it is. Plain, roasted, black coffee has about two calories. One Grande Double Chocolaty Chip Creme Frappaccino has 420 calories, with 52 grams of sugar. Sugary drinks like this are well-studied and known to increase risk of weight gain 12, type 2 diabetes 13 , and more, in part because they contain tons of calories but don't actually produce a feeling of fullness like actual foods do. 14 In fact, sugary drinks are seen as such a risk to public health that some public health officials want them to have cigarette-style warning labels.

15 So while simply drinking coffee is fairly harmless, coffee-flavored drinks that are loaded up with calories, like lattes, blended coffees, and mochas should be avoided. Perhaps it's time to quit saying “I don't drink coffee,” and start saying “I don't drink Starbucks.” (footnotes available online)

LIFE

23 SPORTS

FAN CHATTER

thecouponproject.com

Alex Wagner: Going into the season, what are your thoughts on this Mariners team?

ALEX

wagner Sports Writer ewweb.comng

The beginning of baseball season holds a special place in my heart. It’s a time of year when we can finally start counting on the sun shining brighter and staying up longer. The time of year where we begin to line up summer plans or travels, and where it begins to get easier to think about the future than concentrate on the present.

In my mind, everything I just described somehow combines into one bundle when speaking about my Seattle Mariners. Staying up late watching games, planning weekend trips to Seattle, or talking about the bright future this team could have.

Now, the Mariners haven’t been very good for a while. But after the 2013 off-season signing of Robinson Cano, followed up by a strong 2014 campaign, many fans around the northwest now have a feeling of hope with regard to the Mariners.

Walla Walla University sophomore mathematics major Jaymeson Mallory is one of my favorites to converse with on just about any subject, especially the Seattle Mariners. I’ve also had many great, lengthy Mariner discussions with my old roommate Alex Aamodt.

Alex is attending ACA in Spain this year and has yet to formally declare a major. I asked both of them a few questions to get a fan perspectives on what this team might look like.

Jaymeson Mallory: I’m excited to watch them play and see what they can do. I think it is the best team the Mariners have had since 2001 or 2002, with a lot of star power. I think they are good enough to win a lot of games and do some big things.

Alex Aamodt: I always have a hard time not being optimistic going into the season, which for the past 10+ years has been my consistent downfall.

I like this team though. I like the mix of young talent and quality veterans, the potential of our starting rotation, and the improved hitting. But I’ve tried to temper my excitement.

AW: How should we feel about some of these lofty expectations from national baseball writers, picking the Mariners to win the American League?

JM: I think we should feel cautiously optimistic. I think this team is very good and should win the AL West, but the playoffs are far too unpredictable to crown anyone as American League champions. Also, as Mariners fans, we know that nothing is guaranteed and we know what disappointment feels like.

AA: Many times it seems like the national media forgets about this team hiding up behind the Cascades, even with one of the best pitchers in baseball. Maybe the spotlight followed Cano a little bit from New York. It feels like vindication. It also feels a bit like a jinx.

AW: In your opinion, what was the most important roster addition or roster move the Mariners made in the off-season?

JM: Nelson Cruz, definitely.

I

don’t think there is any doubt that the Mariners would have made the playoffs last year if he was hitting between Cano and Kyle Seager, and I think the addition of Cruz alone will be enough to put us in the playoffs for the first time since 2001.

AA: I think it is Nelson Cruz. The Mariners have desperately needed another impact bat and that’s what they’ve found in the right side-hitting, biogenesis alum. Finding production from the DH position has plagued the Mariners ever since the name Edgar Martinez moved from the active roster to a road sign outside Safeco.

I’ll save worrying about the wisdom of signing 34-year-old power hitters to multi-year contracts for another time, or another year.

AW: I’m excited about finally seeing Taijuan Walker and James Paxton start a season in the pitching rotation.

Realistically, where should I set my expectations for them this season?

JM: I was really impressed by what I saw from Paxton last year and I think he has big things ahead of him, as does Walker. Realistically, I would love to see both of them get 30+ starts with an ERA under 4.00, but don’t expect them to be aces just yet. Also, come the playoffs, Paxton will be practically unbeatable (maybe that’s not realistic).

AA: I would be afraid to raise my expectations above moderate.

Paxton has proven himself as a good, capable starter with his intermittent work in the rotation over the past couple seasons. Injuries though - I’m crossing my fingers. Walker, on the other hand, has a lot to do in order to justify his status as such a top prospect.

He came out firing in the preseason but I take such little stock in spring numbers that I’m going to wait a bit before sending in my order for a

Walker jersey. Honestly, I wouldn’t be mad with league-average numbers.

AW: Who in the AL West do the M’s need to worry about most when it comes to winning the division?

JM: The Los Angeles Angels, because they still have one of the best offenses in the league and a couple of good pitchers assuming Garrett Richards is healthy.

AA: The Angels. Trout, Pujols, Garrett Richards.

AW: What do you think this team’s biggest obstacle will be?

JM: In general, getting enough runs on a nightly basis to win games.

More specifically, I am worried and not terribly optimistic about what the team will get from the shortstop position.

AA: Injuries. The chances of actually putting a good roster together, having a competent manager, and the rest of the division looking mortal seem too good to be true. Injuries love to derail the best laid of plans.

AW: On a scale of 1-10, with 1 being “not going to happen because he’s an American League All-Star” and 10 being “it’s going to happen and it’s going to be bad” - what are the odds of Fernando Rodney blowing up and not being the team’s closer by July?

JM: I’d give it a 3.5. Almost any game he tries to save will be interesting, but I think he will continue to get it done a majority of the time.

AA: I’ll give it a 6, but this after seeing him start the year with an ERA of 16 and one strikeout among the 19 batters he’s faced. But he’s a pro and I think he can sort things out, maybe with a little motivation from Danny Farquhar breathing down his neck.

We’ll see.

AW: What is your favorite part about going to see a game at Safeco Field?

JM: Watching baseball. And garlic fries.

AA: Garlic fries. Of course, I’ll always remember that time the guy sitting behind me drunkenly offered $20 to anyone who could down the toxic mix of garlic and salt at the bottom of those fries, a challenge I happily accepted.

AW: Favorite Mariner Player?

JM: It’s a close one between Kyle Seager and Felix Hernandez, but I’ll have to go with Seager on this one.

AA: Ha, I’m actually prepared for this question: Felix.

AW: Season outcome prediction?

JM: I think the Mariners are going to win 93 games this year and win the AL West over the Angels. I hate to make predictions for the playoffs, but my biased opinion would have them winning their ALDS and then beating Boston (sorry Toronto) in the ALCS. For good measure, they can beat the Cardinals in the World Series as well.

AA: I don’t think I can even go there. I can remember too many crushed dreams and last-place finishes.

I’m afraid to say anything. But… October is coming.

Other Cheek

the

NO PROBLEM HERE, FOLKS.

wissink Backpage Writer

her, because and a little

el Lagabon

The first real chocolate I ever ate was a chocolate chip cookie stuffed into my face while I was hiding under the kitchen table at the age of six (sorry, Mom!).

This event led to the Great Reese’s Discovery on Halloween of ’01. As the good Adventists that we were, my family did not distribute candy on Halloween; rather, we passed out Guides and pamphlets about the real meaning of the holiday.1 Anyway, I had a friend down the street who was more than glad to defile my then-relatively sinless tongue and give me peanut butter cups the day after she went trick-or-treating (sorry again, Mom). From then on, there was no turning

“

VERBATIM

“Students should never give it in the butt.”

- Kari Firestone, on administering injections

“Oh sorry....that’s just a picture of the crystal meth I was making last night.”

- Dr. Smith

“Our audience is people who are too stupid to know we are joking.”

- M-Dizzle and Toasty If you hear something funny, cringe-worthy, or hilarious when heard out of context, send the quote to me!

“

ABIGAIL

You’re probably wondering why we’re talking about coffee this week. We all know that coffee and caffeine are the Devil’s playthings, so why should they be discussed? As a perfect and shining beacon of how life is to be lead, I felt it would be beneficial to share my experience with coffee, and caffeine in general.

back. I loved chocolate and the caffeine punch I was sure to receive with each bite. But I didn’t have a problem, right? At least I wasn’t drinking coffee.

As the perfect Adventist child that I was, the idea of drinking coffee was absolutely reviling for many years.

I was repulsed by the smell, the taste, and the definite caffeine addiction that was sure to come with the first sip. It wasn’t until freshman year of college when I had work at 6:00 A.M. for three days in a row that I discovered the beauty that is a perfect cup of hot coffee. From that point, there was no turning back.

I really don’t think there’s a problem, though. It’s not like I did something crazy like join the Atlas Club last quarter and use all ten drinks in two weeks, and I definitely didn’t grab a coffee after 5:00 P.M. on a regular basis for the last three weeks of class!2 The caffeine addiction that I feared as a child was definitely just a

figment of the imagination that could easily be controlled by a strong sense of willpower.

But in all seriousness, it’s important to remember that everything should be done in moderation, including stressing about classes and homework. I mean really, go stand outside for a second! Doesn’t the beautiful weather just make you want to set up a hammock and enjoy a nice, iced, dirty chai? Or maybe just an intravenous drip of espresso. Either one would work, really.

On a completely unrelated note—if you’d like to hear the story of the Halloween that the Wissink house got egged, feel free to find me on campus this week and I’ll gladly tell you the tale.

1

I actually definitely did both of these things. Winter quarter is rough, yo..

2

HaikuREVIEW INTER

VIEW

No one has correctly guessed last week’s Haiku Review yet! Gonna step up my game this time around: I’m reprinting last week’s riddle (because I CAN), and whoever guesses correctly first gets a free Atlas drink on me. Email me your guess at Abigail.Wissink@ wallawalla.edu.

Where’s your favorite place to get coffee in town (besides the Atlas)?

although you cannot see them

“The Roastery.”

unless you’re inside

- Sarah Fandrich

“The Patisserie. That’s the only place I get coffee, besides the Atlas.’”

- Bella Ramirez

abigail.wissink@wallawalla.edu

“It’s so ordinary, but Starbucks.”

- Timmy Oliver

They are everywhere

Are you in the dark?

Maybe a map would help you with these hot haiku