Yek/Port R15 by Richard Lucero

YR 2010 - 2012

YEK/PORT May 2012 R15 Architecture/Photography/Design/Building

Insistent Compulsive Queer

Yek/Port Richard Lucero

R15

Yek.2

YR 2010 - 2012

YEK/PORT May 2012 R 15 Architecture/Photography/Design/Building

Insistent Compulsive Queer

Yek.3

/Statement

P1 \채r-k -tek-ch r\. e

Art and science of building Formation or construction resulting from a conscience act.

Creating structure that is appealing and performative. Using methods that are derivative of a life time of knowledge and experience. Pragmatic development at a component level to produce a cohesive unforeseen whole. Designing from a pragmatic logical start to create intelligent solutions for specific programs/ problems/ structures. Working and attacking the design problem in similar manner so that the aggregation/ assembly of components work together to create a cohesive design solution that is comprehensive. Architecture should effect and affect its inhabitants and on lookers. It should attempt to better the world through the built environment and be available to everyone. It should never only be superficial and post rationalized. It should never be faked in order to misrepresent its actually potential or lack there of. Architecture is in the details as its the details that are at a human scale and its human interaction with the built environment that makes architecture.

/Museo Soumaya Adjacent + Raymundo

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/Table of Contents

Contents 4

Mode stand + cool table

Art of building defined

Fabrication + documentation

Film stills to planet to film

Installation proposal

Sustainable systems analysis

Initial schemes + models/ drawings

Film stills to planet to film

Skyways and vertical streets Union Station master plan

Alternative living test bed for new urban city typology

Sustainable living

Tectonic expression

COB + OWF + mock up + testing

Initial concepts

25 Speedway Foodie Residential block + gastro pub train bridge

45 Mat Lab 2.0

Hoover Schemes 26

M2CBWD

Prada + Lomas 24

41 Sky City Transit Master Plan

Island of the Misanthropic

39 Union Station Master Plan

Farmers 10

37 JWRH

Hearst Tower 9

35 SCI-Arc Grad Pavilion

Planet Fight Club 8

27 Half Truss Table

Statement

57 FReD Solar Decathlon scheme

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/Planet Fight Club

/Rhino V-Ray Render of Planet Fight Club

01 Planet Fight Club Film Stills Transformed.

Using Rhino to map images, textures and displacement maps to create an abstraction of a planetary mass.

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/Planet Fight Club

The Observer Physical Model

The Observer Model Prep (1)

Planetary mass base powder print painted and featured in a short film. The model started in Rhino and utilized Grasshopper to create texture on various surfaces. This was then exported to Maya to print and animate.

3D Prints are rarely printed at SCI-Arc and left usually as a modernist white object.. Taking this opportunity to give the painted object additional texture and elements through the use of color. /Model Prep (1)

/Opening Sequence

/Sunrise

The Observer Internal Physical + Animation (2) Continuing the use of color was adapted and pushed further by using a film as a visual collage of intense color and textures through motion. Using this to effectively paint the interior of the model through projection on to the unfinished white interior surface.

/Internal Physical + Animation

/Abstract End Sequence (2)

/Physical Model Photos

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/Hearst Tower

03 Hearst Tower Sustainable Systems Analysis First tower to receive LEED Gold Certification for “Core and Shell and Interiors” in New York City - Foreign Materials <10% of Total Cost - Diagrid Frame Uses 20% Less Steel - Saving ~2,000 Tons of Steel - Daylight Sensors Control Light - 1 Mile Of Glass Office Fronts - 90% of Steel Is Recycled Material - State of The Art Laboratory - High Speed Fiber Optics Data Transfer - Full Service Television Studio - Dedicated Video Distribution Network.

/Preserved Original Building Facade

/Diagrid Structural Frame

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/Farmers

05 Farmers Urban Systems Research Paper

Farmers Markets in California would have seemed to be a “peace, love and hippies” – Shannon Reid sort of endeavor but it becomes apparent how arduous the task can be in starting one and even participating in one. Certification is done by the state and enforced by management organizations that are mostly nonprofits. The largest non-profit seem to fall under the for profit category considering past and present incidents. At the core of the farmers market is the local farmer selling directly to consumers and this has been a part of California since 1977. More recently the popularity of these markets is the result of an economy that is looking for quality and affordability. Organizations like SEE-LA that help move this thinking forward with their markets and new cooking course. Better food, health, and overall quality of life. For most of the organizers there isn’t much profit after permitting, insurance and rent. Management and city only receive a small percentage of producers profi t. Resulting from the surge of customers, organizations like Raw Inspiration set up farmer markets whenever possible in places like Glendale’s Americana; traditional bottom up to top down business strategy. Authenticity comes at the price of the producers that have to pay more for these more desirable new hip venues.

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/Island of the Misanthropic

07 Island of the Misanthropic A test bed for alternative living solutions for a new urban city typology. Proposing typical residential densities on a third of the land leaving the rest of grade as open space and the lower level as a public park.

The Island of the Misanthropic is a community that is centered on a central Greenhouse Coop. A resident of this island in the desert will be required to work a minimum set of hours during the day (additional hours reduce rent) to maintain the co-op greenhouse. In return the resident will be rationed a portion of the harvested goods that will meet average nutrition requirements for an average individual. The residences will be highly efficient and comfortable with views looking out and away from the island as well as an entry from the inner green house atrium. Each resident will have their own private green space to produce herbs or other plant varieties. The resident is not obligated to stay with-in the walls of the island and is encouraged to explore other exploits. Affordable comfortable housing and guaranteed proper nutritious meals will enable individuals to have a successful less stressful life outside of the island on a daily basis. Encouraging their other pursuits within the city will produce productive members of both societies. It is through caring for the green house that a sense of place, pride and community can be established. Affordable housing and proper nutrition will only help ease the stress of living an inhospitable and competitive environment. It is through living in this environment and the associated Island culture that a new paradigm will emerge, where efficient living develops into the realization that the need for excess is not necessary for happiness, and that material obsession and drive can be replaced with a fulfillment that comes from the interpersonal relationships developed within and outside the community.

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/Site

/Low Density Housing

/Town Home Development

/Resort Style Development

/Miscellaneous Small Tract Developments

/High Density Tract Houses

/Island of the Misanthropic

(9)

(8) Misanthropic Structure The basic structural system in use is a modified 3-pin arc truss. The primary structure (1) is constructed with a modified wide flange with a rectangular tube welded to the outside. This acts as a rail to bolt various components. Primary structure has a hinge at its base and is held in place by a solid steel pin (2). Primary structure connects to a vertical vierendeel concrete truss (3). These are precast much like a large CMU and stacked. Their primary purpose is to act as an anchor to prevent the primary structure from moving on their pin connections, The concrete vierendeel trusses carry the residential units (4). The residential units are supported on a steel framed carriage (5) that also acts as a cross brace for the vierendeel trusses. All components are bolted/ pin together for ease of assembly. The primary and secondary structures are spanned by large rectangular wide flange steel trusses. These trusses range from a couple feet deep at the lowest level to 1-2 stories deep at occupied levels in the middle (6). A simplified arc truss at the top (7) supports a circular welded tube frame for the PV film glazing (8). Another simple steel frame and rails support standard frit glazing (9). Girders (10) that span between trusses are square steel tubes that get deeper toward the center reaching approximately 3’ to span 45’. They’re minimum depth is 1’ and are 14’ spaced on center. Flat vertical steel is used to support an expanded metal floor. Glazing is split between standard low-e frit glazing and a PV film

(7)

(6) (4)

(5) (10) (1)

glazing. Standard glazing is mounted on steel frames that run up and over the structure. Each rail is connected to a bracket that connects the glazing system to the a tertiary truss system that is attached to the primary structure. (2) The system as a whole brings loads from glazing to a tertiary structural system that then transfers their load to the primary structure to either grow surfaces trusses or foundation. All

structural members are tied together in various manners to each other which in turn provides the structure’s stiffness

(3)

Growing surface is an aeroponic tray system that sits between floor support structure. All the weight is transferred to floor and in turn to the Trusses. From here both to primary and secondary structures then to the ground via the foundations.

/Detail Transverse Section Drawing + Rendering

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/Island of the Misanthropic

Typical Floor Plan Typical plan displays units in relationship to the growing surface as well as the below grade park and its features. Floors are expanded metal to allow air and light into lower levels.

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/Island of the Misanthropic

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STAIR G

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/Unit Plans

Crop Diagram

Floor allocations for typical crops to be grown.

Unit Plans

Unit Diagram

Plans of typical unit configurations. Units in direct relationship to catwalk circulation, lift, stairs and growing surfaces.

Unit program organization as well as the various types and how they interlock with one another.

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/Island of the Misanthropic

Exterior Night North side of the project. Rendered in Mental Ray with minimal photo manipulation. The yellow tint glazing is the same PV film glazing. The blue glass is standard 4â&#x20AC;&#x2122;x 8â&#x20AC;&#x2122; low-e glazing with frit. The glowing protrusions are vents for the below grade parking as well as exterior lighting for a park on the north side of the structure

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/Island of the Misanthropic

/North Facade Night Rendering + Hobbes Ein Socks

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/Island of the Misanthropic

Preliminary Animation Initial thought was to go through each floor to allow both exterior and interior views. Problem was a limited viewing angle. Wider lenses caused too much distortion and transitions from floor to floor were awkward. This first pass was also made to look drawn and impressionist. This was changed for clarity.

/Evaporative Cooling Pond

/Aeroponic Growing Surface

/Unit Interior Bedroom + Study

/Unit Interior Kitchen + Wine Bottle

/Unit Interior Bath + Practice Space

/Unit carriage _ Roof Glazing and Support

/Exterior Glazing + PV Glazing

Even though the it was decided to not cut through the floors there was still a quality to experiencing the spaces in this way that still held something quite unique and fascinating. It was also reminiscent of the movie Fight Clubâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Opening Sequence.

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/Parking Area + Evaporative Cooling Pond

/Island of the Misanthropic

/First Level Open Grate

/First Unit Level

/Unit Bedroom + Practice Space

/Unit Kitchen + Living Area

Overly saturated and lens flares abound the finished result was better then anticipated. Only issue was the animation of the fish and vehicles werenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t working correctly as they did in the test animation.

Final Animation Camera was moved adjacent to the units at a distance to enable views of the unit interiors as well as the rest of the structure. Nighttime was chosen to give a better idea of the project with lighting and it made for more dynamic images.

/Unit Bedroom + Exterior Patio

/Exterior Glazing + Adjacent Housing Tracts

Yek.17

/Island of the Misanthropic

Labor of love and would not been possible to produce without the diligent shared modeling and coordination with my partner. The arduous task of cleaning up vector layers was quite the ordeal and figuring out the amount of peel and steps took a few iterations before coordinating line weights and labels.

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Under grad Director of SCI-Arc. John Enright, stated â&#x20AC;&#x153;Every student at some point while here I would hope be able to produce such a drawing.â&#x20AC;?

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/Island of the Misanthropic

Axonometric Peeling away the various systems that make up the enclosure and structural systems.

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/Axonometric

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/Island of the Misanthropic 4a

PV Film Glazing Articulated Frame Frame Supports 1 A 13.0

Frit Low-E Glazing Glazing Frame Glazing Mount Glazing Support Frame Glazing Gutter Support Frame Mount

2 A 13.1

1 A 10.3

1 A 10.1

Catwalk Hand Rail Expanded Metal

1 A 10.2

Primary Surface Truss Unit Connector Unit Frame Unit Platform Unit Glazing Unit Cabinate/ HVAC

ADA + Chunk ADA was already consider so only documentation needed to be produced for compliance. The Chunk shows all the building components and relevant details.

Aeroponic Feed Aeroponic Plants Aeroponic Fabric Aeroponic Tray Aeroponic Drain

2 A 15.1

Griders Stringers Floor Truss

HVAC Aeroponics 1 A 15.3

Support Column Exterior Park Seating Exhaust Fan Housing Exhaust Fan Retaining Wall Parking Surface

A 15.1

Lift Connector Lift Cab Lift Platform Lift Rails

Glazing Rain Gutter Pond / Water Basin

1 A 14.3

A 14.3

Over Flow Water Storage Irrigation Feed

Central Primary Concrete Structure + Foundation Exterior Primary Steel Structure + Foundation

Yek.20

The chunk took many iterations in order to decide how it should be represented. This result is a composite of the many different portions of the entire structure exposing the various systems.

4a /Island of the Misanthropic

Silicon Seal Steel Cap Wood Cabinet

1-1/2"

1'-5"

Laminated Glass Argon Cavity Silicon Argon Seal Extruded Aluminum Frame

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1'-0"

1'-2"

A 10.2

Treaded Rod Nut Washer Rubber Gasket

1/2"

/Cabinet Mounting Details

3'-3"

3'-6"

Rectangular Steel Tube Welded Glass Support Rubber Grommit Glass Support Screw Cap

3'-2"

Steel Tube Steel Plate Welded Laminated Point Supported Glass Recatngular Tapered Steel Post Welded

1'-8"

3'-0"

1'-3"

Details

11"

1'-2"

The Guard/ Handrail was also developed and designed to be very minimal and transparent.

Steel Base Plate Bolt Washer Nut Top Truss Cord Wide Flange

Details were developed for the unit cabinets. They are hung on custom laminated glass using a custom cuff developed to support the cabinets as well as allowing utilities through the glass without compromising insulation.

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1" 3"

A 10.2

1'-1"

Moment Reinforcement Plate Primary Truss Chrod Wide Flange Bolts Washer Nut Steel Plate Footing Teflon Coated Plate Welded Teflon Coated Steel Plate Moment Framing Wide Flange Floor Girder Floor Joist Steel Tube Steel Rib Expanded Metal

The entire building as a result of its sheer scale needed to be divided into four separated buildings as far as structure is concerned. Hence the need to develop a movement joint so that adjacent members are not physically connected welded or bolted but sit on a support so that the two buildings can move independent of one another.

3 A 10.2

1 A 10 2

/Guard/ Handrail + Moment Detail

Upper + Lower Cabinet Detail S

/Upper + Lower Cabinet Section Detail

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/Prada + Lomas

19 Prada + Lomas Prada Structural Components + Lomas Geometry

Diagrid structure of Prada Tokyo flagship store was used as the framework. Expanded with a series of joint connectors that utilized the hyperbolic geometric. This enabled the ruled surface to develop and manipulated a surface with varied thickness and apertures.

Tectonics Drawing Showing components and assemblage including a section through the developed joint used to secure aperture system to the structure.

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/Component Parts to Whole Assembly

/Prada + Lomas

/Finished Installed Exhibited Model

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/Hoover Schemes

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Hoover Schemes Embracing parking by making it the departure point

A central hydraulic lift, habitable parking garage, elevated tree houses were initial schemes for developing a project based on a need for parking cars and embracing this rather then burying it. %

The central hydraulic lift enables the structural footprint of the building to be fairly minimal. Central circulation and organization. The primary problem would be multiple cars leaving which could be remedied by having multiple platforms using one hydraulic piston.

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Hoover Scheme Models A central hydraulic lift schemes were favored but development took another direction for various factors.

/Center Lift

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/Center Lift

/Hoover Schemes

Another viable scheme with great potential except for the complexity of the organization and structure. This was decided against because of complexity but one can argue that complexity is only in aggregation of the simplistic components and not in the actual organization which is very linear and layered.

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VERTICAL CIRCULATION CENTRAL LIFT AND FLANKING EGRESS

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STEEL TRUSS PATIOS INDUSTRIAL OCCUPIABLE WINDOW BOXES

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EXPANDED METAL CATWALK

A LIGHT AND PORUS STRUCTURE THAT NAVIGATES BETWEEN BRUTALISM AND MODERNISM

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Crazy Scheme A Zaha Hadid museum inspired residence. Using angular forms to develop the units and the structure as various tonic expressions of material with pragmatic functions. Units are nested within a green channel which have catwalks linking various levels and cantilevered truss patios. The whole structure floats above the ground plane touching down only at three points; the lift in the center and at each end.

VIEW TO LAX

MODERNIST WHITE STRAWBOARD ENVELOPE

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CONNECTS UNDERNEATH BRUSTALISM AND TOWERS BETWEN

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/Program Diagram

/Plans

Yek.25

/Speedway Foodie

Speedway Foodie Elevated green walk with suspended residential units within a train bridge structure stemming from a gastro pub.

Primary objective of the project was to create use of the site that would benefit the local community and neighborhood. Creating a new typology with a minimal footprint that can produce a new mix use building type. This could be deployed in similar freeway adjacent parcels.

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Primary strategy was to use a steel truss structure to elevate residences off the ground to leave the quietest portion of the site for communal uses. Hence, the public and communal program is located here. The focal point is a gastro pub that opens to ground level for overflow. Full bar and kitchen with event space and stage to accommodate any local need from community meetings to local shows.

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Structure is a simple open truss system that extends and wraps around its self to produce greater area to accommodate residences while creating a green walk that opens to the public and residences alike. Being the tallest structure in the immediate area allows for panoramic views of Downtown and Hollywood Hills. Residential units are split level and sit at various heights within the structure. Units are accessed from both within the truss and the roof level of the truss. Constructed of steel rings, Insulated with an extruded translucent insulation and clad with a resin sheet. Internal dividers and panels are translucent as well so that the units glow with light at night and have plenty of day lighting.

Yek.26

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Parking Layout The underground parking solution meets all requirements as far as capacity, ADA, Turning radius, ramp slope, egress while still allowing two access points for stairs and lifts. Maintenance and trash facilities are located underground as well.

/Underground Parking Level

/Information + Site Board

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The section was cut â&#x20AC;&#x153;weirdâ&#x20AC;? in order to show all the major components. This was also done to show the various conditions of the project by peeling away components.

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Yek.29

/Speedway Foodie

Unit Plan + Wall Section Enlarged unit plan describing the organization at a larger scale as well as how the unit interfaces with the structure. The Enlarge wall section shows the material and construction methods used.

01 - Roof Green Space 01 - Roof Green Space 02 - Private Garden Space 02 - Private Garden Space 03 - Public Walk 04 - Bar Roof Terrace 03 - Public Walk 05 - Bar Exterior Patio 04 - Bar Roof Terrace 06 - Entry Road 07 - Clean 05 - Bar Exterior Patio 08 - Sleep 06 - Entry 09 - Book ReadingRoad Seat 10 - Dress 07 - Clean 11 - Store 08 - Sleep 12 - Enter 13 - Cook + Eat Reading Seat 09 - Book 14 - Live 10 - Dress 15 - Lobby 16 - Grassy Knoll 11- Decking - Store 12- Grass - Enter Wood Flooring 13-- Pavers - Cook + Eat 14- Insulation - Live 15 - Lobby 16 - Grassy Knoll - Decking - Grass - Wood Flooring - Pavers - Insulation

Meditate Read Eat Sleep

Lounge

Watch/ Converse

Store

Dress Store Cook Clean Climb

Store

/1 Bedroom Unit Plan + Layout

Insulation Pillow

Translucent Divider

Created and envisio envisioned so that the overall figure w would be filled with and emit light. Translucent enclosure, insulation, insulatio dividers would produce the desired effect. /1 Bedroom Unit Perspective

Yek.30

A 15

/Speedway Foodie

+28

+24

07 +35

+25

+19

+1 +28

10 09

11 14

B 04 02

A +13

+27

/Plan PlanDetail Detail Scale: 1/2" = 1'-0"

Yek. 31 /Wall Detail Wall Detail Scale: 1" = 1'-0"

/Speedway Foodie

Unit Structure Four partial units and one complete unit was construction for the structural model. These consisted of the primary bent wide flange structure as well as the secondary wood framing members, sub floor and cantilevered stairs. /Interior Perspective

Yek.32

/Speedway Foodie

Completed Structure Model Assembled structure model with units in place and the model mounted on a cantilevered base and the wall.

Yek.33

/Half Truss Table

/Finished Table in Metal Shop

Yek.34

/First Perspective

/Second Perspective

/Corner Condition

/Site Mounting Pin

28'-3"

'-1

/Half Truss Table

Half Truss Table

Welded steel model base 33'-6"

H B

7/8

24'-0"

'-3

25'-6"

32'-0"

'-6

'-4

28'-3"

Great effort was made in trying to create a model base that reflected an aspect of the project. Hence, a truss derived configuration that takes the structure of a truss and splits it. What looks very unstable is actually quite stable as a direct result of the construction welds.

/1 6

/Construction Drawing

Yek.35

/SCI-Arc Grad Pavilion

35 SCI-Arc Grad Pavilion Steel Fabrication + Rope Knitting Rope Installation and Documentation for Oyler Wu Collaborative (Adj. Photos Courtesy of Dwayne Oyler)

Participated in modeling, building, steel fabrication, rope knitting, planning, installation, welding, and process documentation via photo and video. Project was fabricated over the course of two months. The finished pavilion housed the graduation ceremony for SCI-Arc.

/Footing + Rope Tie Off

Yek.36

/Stage

/SCI-Arc Grad Pavilion

/SCI-Arc Graduation

Yek.37

Yek.38

/SCI-Arc Grad Pavilion

/Foundation cage Drawing

/Rebar Bending Rod

/Rebar Cutting

/Cut + Bent Rebar

/SCI-Arc Grad Pavilion

/Rebar Welding

Foundation Cage Foundation cage fabrication consisted of creating a bending jig for the rebar as well as assembly and welding of the cages within a high tolerance.

/Finished Cage

Yek.39

/JWRH

The Maya modeled volume was printed to scale and mounted on 1/4â&#x20AC;? steel plate, the same as the proposal. This volume was used to trim the construction to give it the desired form and spatial qualities.

/Model Front + Scale Figure

37 JWRH Julienned White Rabbit Heart

Developing a figure that stems from 3 points to one off center to 4 point to support a load was the primary problem. The second part to the problem was doing this with 1/4â&#x20AC;? plate steel. As a design problem the initial approach was to design a volume that would hit the required points and create an interior space with certain effects like hunching under and being able to see up and through the structure.

/Model Perspective

Yek.40

/JWRH

/Render in SCI-Arc North Gallery

Final design renderings of the proposed steel plate structure. It would be placed within SCI-Arc and support a weight of approximately 4 000 lbs.

/Interior Render in SCI-Arc North Gallery

Yek.41

/Union Station

39 Union Station Master plan for new developments

(1)

The studio design problem is the addition of three million sqft in mix use residence programing added to the existing Union Station site. There is also the addition of tracks and a high speed rail station.

(6)

The second challenge in addition to the program is the goal of maintaining as much of the existing without disruption. In addition to the above there is the larger question of transit and Union Stations role in the larger picture of the Los Angeles transit system.

(2)

(5)

(3)

(4)

/Split

Yek.42

/Union Station

(1)

(6)

(2)

(5) An important part of the architectural practice should be models and drawings done manually/ physically. The aesthetic quality and invaluable development of the process is invaluable.

(4)

(3)

/Joint

Split vs Joint Drop Off First scheme splits bus departures and vehicular drop off/ pick up. Bus Departures (6) come off of Caesar Chavez Tunnel (1)and leave the same way. Other vehicle traffic drop off (5) comes from Vignes (2)and the freeway (3) and leave either back on the freeway or exit onto Alameda (4). The other scheme uses the Chavez tunnel as entry and departure for all vehicle types but still keeps a drop off area (5) adjacent to the freeway and separate.

Yek.43

/Union Station

Circulation Paths Model exhibiting various transit, pedestrian and vehicular access routes.

/Circulation Model of Transit Modes

Yek.44

/Union Station

Suspended Program Distribution of program in suspended volumes clears the track level and enables new program not to interfere with existing. This also allows all the program to be relatively dense making the distance to and from various tracks and transportation quicker. The eight program volumes are hung and/ or cantilevered from six structural circulation cores. This system relies heavily on the volumes being counter balanced with one another.

Multi Level Platforms One solution for adding more tracks and increase pedestrian flows is to separate tracks to various levels and use the levels to separate pedestrian traffic. In this way you can allow unidirectional flows in and out of trains, which has in and of itself greater efficiencies. Moving tracks vertically also allows larger wider platforms to accommodate more people.

/Multi Level Platform Model

/Suspended Program Model

Yek.45

/Sky City Transit

41 Sky City Transit Encouraging public/ shared transit through elevated means.

Los Angeles is a city that has been developed over the past century around the personal automobile. In the beginning it was based on rail car stations. The first freeway was a converted bike way from Los Angeles to Pasadena C D

A C

Vermont / Beverly Station

Wilshire / Vermont Station W

Wilshire Station W lshire / Western Wes Weste s

M N O

Union Station will be the start and Major hub of this new Transit Network Typology. This new network forms that of an elevated bike/ walk way will encouragement motorized forms of transport and free streets of cars to enable the transition to dedicated lanes for public and shared transit. At the hub is an network of structures used to elevated program structures.

Yek.46

X Y 1

5 4 Z 2 3

The City for a brief moment was organized and developed around Public transit and non motorized forms of transit. Allowing the majority to navigate a decentralized city. A new network typology and infrastructure is required to transition the transit back to Public and non motorized forms of transport. Functions at the various levels of incoming transit.

Wilshire / Normandie Station 6

P Q

9 13

14 16 R Q

/Vicinity Transit Map

Westlake / MacArthur Park Station 18

/Sky City Transit

Chinatown Station T

V X Y

Z 4

1 2

3 6

Vicinity Transit Map

Initial research drawing on the existing transit systems and conditions. Indicating major lines and stops.

L D F

C A

G I H

B A

Civic Center Station J J

S O P

Pershing Square Station K

X J

Little Tokyo Station

W B

L M

E N D

P A H

R V

F Q G

Bus Stop Metro Station Gold Line Red Line Purple Line High Speed Rail Freeway Bike Route Rapid Transit Line

Vicinity / Transit 1000

2000

5000

Yek.47

/Sky City Transit

Union Station Context The proposed structure sitting within the existing context of the surrounding area and Union Station. Sited just above the tracks.

Yek.48

/Sky City Transit

/Isometric of Union Station Proposal

Yek.49

Program

/Sky City Transit

4a Translucent Canopy Kiosk Elevated Train

High Speed Rail 4 Platform Levels and 4 Tracks. Long Wide with UniDirectional Circulation to help with crowds

Program Articulation Similar to before but articulated in a similar way to one another so that it all reads as the same language. This is done to create a more cohesive environment.

Structure

Sky Light/ Ventilation

Stairs/ Escalator

Parking Structure

Balcony

Support Column

Open Courtyard

Residences Cutting at the exterior to create private and public balconies. internal open court yards allow ramp circulation access. Partial suspended and column supported.

Placed adjacent to East Portal entrance and freeway this would be the major entrance for pedestrian vehicles through Vignes or 101 Freeway. 11 story primary structure for long term and temporary parking. extens at grade under existing tracks to Structure create vehical drop-off that connects to both Cores and existing track tunnel. This level Primary Parking also exits to Alameda and 101 Freeway

Grade Level Vehicle Drop-Off

Employee Parking

Ramp Opening

Void for Core

Yek.50

/Sky City Transit

Ramp Circulation

Retail Exterior Store Front Green Walk

Open Program

Slabs use flowing Multi Level Planes to Create an Exterior Terrain that Allows Exterior Park Like Store Fronts

Kiosk Pedestrian Walk

Stair

Truss

Exterior Circulation/ Open Program

Bike Path

1:15 Ramps are used to traverse program and other cicrculation, bridging between via truss structure and suspension cables. Lower level are uni directional bike paths and above is open pedestrian walk with open program spaces and space allocation for kiosks. Major Connectors have two pedestrian levels

Office Using Channels to cut through the floors allow a narrow office space fo better light and natural ventilation while also creating exterior spaces for Eating/ Smoking.

Support Structure

Flat Circulation

Offices

Open Program/ Planted Area Exterior Open Program Primary Navigation Levels

Exterior Courtyard Large Private Office Suites

Used to traverse the site from east to west. 3 sets exist, one coming from Metro HQ, the second from East Portal and the third from the Parking Structure. is open program which can be planted allow for kiosk. Lower levels are used to navigated laterially between platorms and types of transport.

Entertainment Maximizing floor area and ceiling height to create large open volumes with mezzanine/ balcony areas to acomodate various types of events. Performace Area

Structural Core

Concrete Structure Lift

Ramp Kiosk Courtyard/ Attrium Stairs

Mezzanine

Exterior Patio/ Open Program

Primary Structural Support for programatic spaces as well as Ramp Circulation. Support via Suppension or Catalevers. A double walled ribben like tube carriers all load to the ground keeping the track level mostly open as well as connecting various levels and program through out. Ramps in opposing directions are 1:15 with at minimum 2 lifts at most 4 lifts. stairs run from below to top levels. Ment to create a vertical pedestrian walk.

Yek.51

/Sky City Transit

Plans Plans at various levels representing the over all site, track levels and tunnel levels.

Caesar Chavez Tunnel Existing Apartments

Existing Apartments

Metro HQ Parking

Metro HQ

Bus Drop Off

East Portal Parking Union Station

Union Station

Existing Train Tunnel

East Portal

Amtrak Maintenance

East Portal

Bus Roundabout

Personal Vehicle Drop Off / Pick up

New Parking Structure

First 5 Metro District Water El Monte Bus Way /Plan at Existing Tunnel Level

/Site Plan

El Monte Bus Way

Yek.52

/Sky City Transit

Plan at Height Plan cutting through the upper ﬂoor of program. Color volumes are program. Five of seven residential block are cut through and exhibits the roof condition of the other two. Also shown is an ofﬁce and entertainment theatre with a balcony condition . Retail is also shown cut.

Residential Block

Existing Apartments

Metro HQ

Theatre Ramp

High Speed Rail Canopy

Union Station Existing Tracks

East Portal

Residential Block Amtrak Maintenance Bus Roundabout

Retail High Speed Station

New Parking Structure

Parking Structure

Ofﬁce

Metro District Water

Metro District Water El Monte Bus Way

Mix Use Block

/Plan at Existing Track Level

/Plan at Height

Yek.53

/Sky City Transit

Ceasar Chavez Tunnel

Yek.54

Bus Drop-Off Entrance/ Exit

Metro HQ

Metro HQ Parking

High Speed Rail

Major Ramp Circulation

East Portal/ Tunnel

Subway

Lift

Core Ramps

Kiosk

tairs

/Sky City Transit

Sections The sections are essentially the same cuts as before but with increased development and articulation in all aspects.

Flat Circulation

High Speed Rail

East Portal

Bus Roundabout

A-A / C-C Sections 48 Program Blocks

Vehicle Drop-Off

Parking

Residences

El Monte Busway

Freeway

Subway

240

Tunnel

/Longitudinal + Transverse Section

Yek.55

/Sky City Transit

Renderings Taken from the pedestrian ramp above to the subway below looking through the towering structure to the sky. The interstitial middle ďŹ&#x201A;at section exhibits the largest tower, high speed rail station and the various program types including the suspended ramps.

/Elevated Pedestrian + Cycling Ramp

/Subway Intersection Open to Sky

Yek.56

/Flat Transition Adjacent to High Speed Rail

/Sky City Transit

/Core + Existing Red/ Purple Line Subway

Below Grade Physical Model

/Cable Suspended Model

The model construction started from below grade and worked its way up. The subway was built ďŹ rst which includes the track level, platform, mezzanine and entrance from East Portal. Also below grade is a core that intersects the subway and provides access to parking and the above levels.

/Parking Level + Core

Yek.57

/Sky City Transit

/Core + Elevated Rail + High Speed Station

Above Grade Physical Model A sectional that is cut on three sides contains the SE corner of the station. It cuts the East Portal building in half. Above grade features include the tracks, elevated rail, high speed rail station, a whole core as well as a partial core. Ground condition for the East portal is evident as well as the subway entrance.

/Core + Elevated Rail + High Speed Station

Yek.58

/Core + High Speed Rail

/Sky City Transit

Model Stand + Mover Steel Stand is a derivative of the suspended structural system in the project. Three legs similar to the core and the model is an example of the suspended residences. /Suspended Model in Stand + Moving Cart

/Tensioned Cables Clamp to Base

/Cables and Mounting Points

Yek.59

/M2CBWD

M CBWD 4.5 KW Sterling Engines

Micro Multi Couple Bubble Wrapped Dwelling Bubble Wrapped Enclosures

A critical component to stainability is doing more with less. It is important that architecture encourages greater efficiencies in living, e.g. higher population densities on a lot. Also to encourage more common open shared space resulting in a greener cityscape.

Dwelling Two

Shared Deck

Water in Los Angeles is an expensive commodity. Three quarters of the cost of water is related to energy required to pump water from various locations to Los Angeles. It is important to retain as much rain water as possible to cut dependency on pumping. The amount of rainfall that falls on a standard lot is enough water to sustain 12 people for a year.

Dwelling One

Retention Pondss

Sloped Concrete Grade

Expanded Metal Decks + Car Park

Materials used should be easily reusable and recyclable by avoiding the use of plastics and adhesives. Minimizing hardware enables recycling and reusing materials far easier . This all results in building components having a longer succeeding lives in other buildings.

Typical Water

Mid Water Level

/Aerial Perspective

Tank Orentation

5570 Gallon Tank (12x) Each Person is Allocated ~15 gallons of water a day

Water Water Levels can vary depending on Tank Capacity or through the use of closing tanks and plumbing in order to achieve a typical water level or full retention. /Water Level + Storage Tank Diagram

Yek.60

Max Water Level

/M2CBWD

The common space consist of the living, kitchen and Dining Spaces. The and dining make use of moveable furniture in order to make use of as little or as much space as possible.

Seat + Hidden Bath

Bedroom

Sink

Bed

Car Parking Bedroom

Turntable

Kitchen Living

Common

Kitchen

Dining

Shared Deck

Living

Dining Bench Table

Car Parking

Built-in Bench

Bedroom

Sink

Bedroom

Toilet

Private

Seat + Hidden Bath

Each dwelling is organized into three sections. Two of which are private and the other common. The privates space consist of bedrooms that have their own baths.

Storage

Bedroom

Seat + Hidden Bath

Private + Common

Seat + Hidden Bath

Closet

Private

Tub

Car Parking

/Plan

Interior

Sterling Engine

Living

Interior private spaces are separated by a common space that can serve multiple functions. All the furnishings are design to be nested and compact when unused.

Bed

Dining

Living

Kitchen

Dining

Shared Deck

Car Parking

Retention Tanks

/Section A

/Interior In Use Perspective

/Interior Open Space Perspective

/Cantilevered Private Areas Exterior Perspective

Yek.61

/Mat Lab 2.0

45 Mat Lab 2.0 COB + OWF + Mock Up + Testing

The last material lab without anything being built this time around it was super exciting with the possibility of the project becoming a permanent structure in SCI-Arc. The semester started with a simple idea of taking a standard wide flange and de constructing it. It evolved to a reconstructed wide flange that would become a beam that would transition from various standard steel sections into one another and this would compliment its movement and load. Chill Out Beam was a heuristic project that used a concrete mass, doubling as an chill out space, would demonstrate visual its weight and the forces it exerts on the beam as it hangs acting as a cantilever. For many reasons nothing will be built permanently. A piece of the beam was fabricated in aluminum and tested to failure. The beam was incredibly strong and as a cantilever its webbing deformed until it fell out of the rig.

Re Constructed Wide Flange Second version of this was to look at various types of steel sections and how they might transition into one another and how this might occur for structure or programmatic reasons.

Hanging Cantilevered Beam The last variation of this was reproposing the beam into a hanging cantilevered element that could possibly support a weight as a heuristic exercise or a program space.

De Constructed Wide Flange Initial concept was de constructing the wide ďŹ&#x201A;ange by separating the ďŹ&#x201A;ange from the web and re purposing these components into a new from with multiple purposes.

Yek.62

/Mat Lab 2.0

Transitions The beam transitions take a natural progression of sections moving the web between ﬂanges to create the variation. Each regular section of steel extends 8” before it transitions to the next proﬁle. Alternate Transitions

Each transition is 24” in length generally. The production of the Beam would be done by cutting and bending ﬂat steel plate.

A B C

A B C New Beam

Original Beam

Top

Section A-A

Section B-B

Section C-C

/Beam Elevations + Sections

Yek.63

/Mat Lab 2.0

Data: Total # of 4’ x 8’ sheets: 5 Total # of pieces: 95 Total linear feet of welds: 189’ total weight of pieces: 1632 lbs. Total linear feet of cutting: 249’ Misc. Data: concrete weight equates to 183.6 Cubic feet of concrete and weighs 27,540 lbs.

Chill Out Beam The primary premise of this scheme is to use a single pice of steel that will morph into a variety of sections to cantilever a concrete mass that will act as a chill out spot for students. The Concrete is formed to create the platform, stair, guard rail and seating. Current it is approximately 183 cubic ft of concrete which equates to 27 540 lbs.

Mezzanine Studio

Juror

Existing Studio

/COB Perspective

Yek.64

The Beam transitions from various types of standard extruded steel sections using the wide ﬂange as the initial and last state.

/Mat Lab 2.0

/Low Wide Perspective

/At Stair Perspective

/COB Transitions Exploded Isometric

/Plan

/Sitting in Chaise Perspective

Yek.65

/Mat Lab 2.0

Beam Prototype DATA: Channel to Triangle Beam

TOTAL # OF 4' x 8' SHEETS: 1 TOTAL # OF PIECES: 6 TOTAL LINEAR FEET OF WELDS: 24’ TOTAL WEIGHT OF PIECES: 1632 lbs. TOTAL LINEAR FEET OF CUTTING: 105’

Wide Flange to Triangle Cantilever

The primary premise of this scheme is to use a single pice of steel that will morph into a variety of sections to cantilever a concrete mass that will act as a chill out spot for students. The Concrete is formed to create the platform, stair, guard rail and seating. Current it is approximately 183 cubic ft of concrete which equates to 27 540 lbs. The Beam transitions from various types of standard extruded steel sections using the wide flange as the initial and last state.

GROUP 3

Yek.66

Richard Lucero, Kevin Chen, Joseph Chiafari

AS MATERIAL LAB SEMINAR - SPRING 2012

COVER SHEET DATE: 2012-02-27

Plasma cut sheets are prepped by grinding to finish the edges.

Welds are cleaned up where necessary.

GROUP 3

/Mat Lab 2.0

Pieces are twisted to form and placed in their correct location and clamped into place.

Testing Supports are cut and constructed from thicker steel to ensure it does not fail before the piece.

Richard Lucero, Kevin Chen, Joseph Chiafari

Angled Supports are made for the other end of the Beam which will then be attached to a column.

AS MATERIAL LAB SEMINAR - SPRING 2012

PROTOTYPE FABRICATION PROCESS

Yek.67

/Mat Lab 2.0

1/2” Plate to Distribute Load

Shackle

1/2” Thick Steel Base - Piece not Attached, Only Friction Held.

1” Deep Concrete Anchors (6x)

3/16” Wire Rope

Pulley to Redirect Force

Wire Rope to Winch

GROUP 3

Richard Lucero, Kevin Chen, Joseph Chiafari Pulley to Redirect Force

Yek.68

Steel Bracket to Secure Guide Wire to insure vertical loading

AS MATERIAL LAB SEMINAR - SPRING 2012

CANTILEVER TESTING RIG

/Mat Lab 2.0

Cantilevered Beam Failed as a result of deformation of the web under load until the pieced fell out of the base.

GROUP 3

Richard Lucero, Kevin Chen, Joseph Chiafari

AS MATERIAL LAB SEMINAR - SPRING 2012

CANTILEVER TESTING RESULT

15 Yek.69

/FReD

57 FReD Folding Residential Dwelling Solar Decathlon Schematic Design

The primary driver for this scheme was to create an easily transportable and deployable . The project developed from a fairly complex design with multiple moving parts and portions that slide vs fold. Eventually the scheme would be simplified in order to bring the probably cost to something more reasonable and went with a version that was all folding in order to strengthen the design.

/FReD V27 - Midterm Presentation Rendering

Yek.70

/FReD

FReD V47

Folding Residential Education Deployment SCI-Arc Solar Decathlon 2013 A Leodan Castillo & Richard Lucero Colaboration

Easily transportable exhibition educational demonstration home. Utilizing integrated PV glazing and MEP systems, natural ventilation, natural materials and ďŹ nishes.

/FReD V47 - Post Final Exterior

/FReD V47 - Post Final Interior

Yek.71

/FReD

Transition

Area + Volume Enclosed Square Footage of the home is minimal but utilizes built-ins and ﬂexible furniture to enable variation in use of space. Exterior decks link the home to the exterior environment as well as increase living areas.

The program was broken by programmatic function and level of privacy. Transition from most public to most private in a linear fashion.

Most Public / Greet

Public / Live

Common / Work

Volume is used as a way of both creating an easier conditioned space and a space that could be cozy without feeling closed and short and conﬁned.

Private / Rest

The Private portions of the home are also at a higher elevation and make use of a translucent divider

Most Private / Clean

34 sqft 6’9”

59 sqft 129 sqft (157 sqft Deck)

12’0” 689 sqft 175 sqft

156 sqft

(71 sqft Open Kitchen)

4911 cuft

29 sqft

6’5”

29 sqft 35 sqft

1’0”

1546 cuft

7’6”

1555 cuft

1810 cuft

/Area vs Volume

Yek.72

/Public to Private Program Transition

12’6”

9’0”

2’6”

11’6”

3’3”

/FReD

Insulation Typical Wall Construction: Primary Steel Frame Type 5 In ﬁll Framing Typical Batt Insulation (4.3R/ IN) 1” Min. Ply Sheathing Wood Finish on Int. & Ext. (2.521R/ IN)

Windows

Removable Window Insulating Panels

Insulation Goal

All glazing shall be double pane low-e glass with a 1/2” airspace. Aluminum frame with a thermal break equals a Total R Value of 2.04

A 2” semi rigid panel would be used when need to cover and seal glazing. These would be cellulose filled with a rating of 3.1/ IN. They would be stored in Cabinets and most likely portions of the floor. Total R value of 7.6

The primary goal would be to get the need of insulation down to a level where the use of cotton batts be eligible.

The Thinnest Walls on North have a minimum of 4” of batt insulation rated @ 4.3 = 17.2R with the addition of 1” osb /wood ﬁnish on both sides with an R Value of 2.521 = 5.042R. Total minimum R value of 22.242

4” Insulation

3” Water Tubes 5.3” Insulation

Ceiling 10” Insulation Typ.

The Thickest Walls on South are minimum of 11” insulation not counting any insulating value of garments or other items stored in these walls and the bed when folded up. This equates to a rating of 47.3 with the addition of 1” osb and ﬁnishing value of 5.042. Total maximum R Value of 52.342

Floor 9.5” Insulation 4” Insulation

4” Insulation 6.5’x7’x9” Water Tank

4.4’x8’x9” Water Tank

6.5’x7’x9” Water Tank Floor 14” Insulation

Skylight Floor 17” Insulation

13” Insulation

5” Insulation Floor 9.5” Insulation

Floor 9.5” Insulation

Floor Thickness is at a minimum of 9.6” batt insulation with a rating of 41.28 plus the typical 5.042 rated osb and wood ﬁnish. Total R value of 46.32

11.3” Insulation 11.8” Insulation

13.6” Insulation

Ceiling is a Minimum of 10” batt insulation with a R Value of 43 plus typical 5.042 rated osb/ wood ﬁnish. Total R value 48.042

13.6” Insulation

4” Insulation

12.8” Insulation

7.75” Insulation

/Wall Thickness

Yek.73

/FReD

Solar Thermal Tubes 34 6.75’ Tubes @ -15º

Onyx Solar Crystalline Glazing 16 Watts / Square foot @ 0º 110.6 SQFT (16.7W/SQFT) = 1847W Onyx Solar Crystalline Glazing 16 Watts / Square foot @ 11.5º 59.3 SQFT (16.7W/SQFT) = 990.3W

Onyx Solar Crystalline Glazing 16 Watts / Square foot @ 0º 100 SQFT (16.7W/SQFT) = 1670W

Onyx Solar CIGS Glazing 11 Watts / Square foot

Solar Thermal Tubes 34 9.4’ Tubes @ 0º

@ 90º 83.5 SQFT (12W/SQFT) = 1002W Onyx Solar Crystalline Glazing 16 Watts / Square foot @ 11.5º 54.5 SQFT (16.7W/SQFT) = 910.1W

/Solar Thermal + PV Glazing Speciﬁcations Onyx Solar CIGS Glazing 11 Watts / Square foot Solar Thermal Tubes

@ 90º 115 SQFT (12W/SQFT) = 1380W

0º

PV Glazing 11.5º

15º

90º

Solar Thermal These tubes wrap the Dining area and used for pre heating water. They are also used for insulating the skylight. The idea is that some of the tubes would be evacuated while others maybe just water tubes for insulating or aesthetic. .

Onyx Solar PV Glazing This conﬁguration uses opaque panels gaining the highest efﬁciency for PV Glazing. The goal would be to reduce the PV need so that the use of translucent and color glass PV could be use to have a more versatile design. Already there is a 23% performance buffer that could be used for design.

Solar Thermal Tubes

West Elevation

0º

PV Glazing

15º

90º

West Elevation

/East Elevation - Solar + Thermal Angles

Yek.74

11.5º

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MEP Mechanical Room is situated just off the front porch and hidden behind a couple of doors. Condenser is open to above while the junction boxes and water heater sit below. Water storage tanks and grey water tanks sit in the ďŹ&#x201A;oor. Heating and cooling units sit high and across the living and bedroom spaces. Air purge blower is situated at the highest point exhaust out the east side. Air Purge Blower Mech Room Heat + Cool Unit Bath Exhaust EVR

Shower Head Shower Toilet Sink

Stove Exhaust

Washer / Dryer

Condenser Coolant Lines

Kitchen Sink

Mech Room Exhaust Junction Boxes Heat + Cool Unit 275 Gal. Gray Water Tank

Water Heater Unit Heated Water Tank Water Line Water Feed Line

275 Gal. Gray Water Tank

195 Gal. Pre Heated Water Tank

/MEP Systems Layout

Yek.75

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(SH)

(CJ)

r Folder Tertiary Timber Ceiling Joist (CE): 2x8 Dim: 1.5”x7.5” Wall Stud (WA): 2x6 Dim: 1.5“x5.5” Floor Joist (FJ): 2x18 Dim: 1.5“x17.5” Sheathing (SH): OSB Ply Dim: 4’x8’x5/8” Interior FInish (IF): Marine Ply Dim: 4’x8’x3/8”

(WS)

(FF) (IF)

Finish Floor (FF): Bamboo Dim: 3-3/4”x5/8” Exterior Finish (EF): Reclaimed Dim: 6”x5/8”

(FJ) (PS)

(HI)

(SH)

(CJ)

Tertiary Timber (HI)

Ceiling Joist (CE): 2x8 Dim: 1.5”x7.5”

Secondary Steel

Wall Stud (WA): 2x6 Dim: 1.5“x5.5”

Folder Pivot (FO): Tube 12x4 Dim: 4”x12”x1/4”

Floor Joist (FJ): 2x18 Dim: 1.5“x17.5”

Floor Girder (FL): Tube 8x3 Dim: 3“x8”x1/4”

(PS)

Sheathing (SH): OSB Ply Dim: 4’x8’x5/8”

Pivot Support (PI): Tube 4x3 Dim: 4”x3”x1/4”

Structure

Post (PO): Tube 3x3 Dim: 3”x3”x1/4”

The goal is to create as light and as Interior FInish (IF): Marine strong a structural system as possibleDim: 4’x8’x3/8” in order to minimize weight.

Hinge (HI): Flush Dim: 1-1/2” Dia. 1/4” Plate Buffer (BU): Rubber Dim: 1/2”

(FF)

Therefore the approach was to (IF) use a 3 types of structures:

Finish Floor (FF): Bamboo Dim: 3-3/4”x5/8”

Exterior Finish (EF): Reclai

Primary wide ﬂange for the Core Dim: 6”x5/8” Secondary tube structure for the folders Tertiary type 5 for in ﬁll.

(HI) (PS)

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(FL)

(FO)

(HI)

Secondary Steel

Folder Pivot (FO): Tu

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Pushup Closure Primary Steel

Pushup Closure

Floor Girder (F): W12x16 Dim: 4”x12”x1/4”

Sky Light

Beam (B): W8x13 Dim: 4”x8”x1/4”

Hatch

Post (P): Tube 4x4 Dim: 4”x4”x1/4”

Aluminum Frame Openings

Spacer (S): Custom W7 Dim: 4”x7”x1/4”

Built-in Bracing Finish Marine Ply Storage Built-ins

Moveable Built-ins

(S)

Ply

o med

ube 12x4

(PS)

(HI)

(B) (F) (P)

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/Mexico City Museo de Soumaya Adjacent Mall Roof Top Exhibition

Yek.78

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/Mexico City Vogue Photo Shoot

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YR. â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;10-12 Yek/Port R15 MAY 2012

Richard Lucero

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