Architecture Graduation Thesis

ABU DHABI CRUISE TERMINAL & TRANSIT HUBS Integrating Public Transportation

DESIGN THESIS BY ATHIRA THOMAS

ABU DHABI CRUISE TERMINAL & TRANSIT HUBS Integrating Public Transportation

Abu Dhabi University College of Engineering Graduation Project 1

Athira Thomas 1061166

Under the Supervision of Dr. Apostolos Kyriazis Fall 2020-2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS

01

INTRODUCTION

02

PRECDENT STUDY

03

SITE ANALYSIS

1.1 Introduction

8-15

1.2 Cruise Tourism

1.3 Development of Islands 1.4 Transportation 1.5 Transportation Hub 1.6 Project Proposal 1.7 Methodology

2.1 Yokohama International Cruise Terminal

18-47

2.2 Lisbon Cruise Terminal 2.3 Qingdao Cruise Terminal 2.4 Comparison

3.1 Site Selection 3.2 History of Site 3.3 Accessibility 3.4 Road Networks & Parking 3.5 Transportation 3.6 Landmarks 3.7 Materiality & Color Scheme 3.8 Land Use 3.9 Building Heights 3.10 Environment Analysis 3.11 Noise Analysis 3.12 Elevations 3.13 Marsa Mina 3.14 Conclusion

50-67

04 DATA ANALYSIS

4.1 Generic Data

70-81

4.2 Ergonomics 4.3 Check in counters 4.4 Retail Shops 4.5 Offices 4.6 Food courts 4.7 Restaurants 4.8 Disable people standards

4.9 Operational Analysis

05

PROGRAMMING

06

CONCEPT

5.1 Detailed Program

84-95

5.2 Bubble Diagram 5.3 Program Adjacency Matrix 5.4 Flow Diagram 5.5 Cluster Diagram

6.1 Concept Inspiration 6.2 Context Analysis 6.3 Concept Sketches 6.4 Roof design Analysis 6.5 Concept Model

98-102

INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION Given the harsh, resource-scarce nature of the desert environment in the United Arab Emirates, the sea has always been an important part of life in the country, particularly in the years before the discovery of oil. From shipbuilding and trading to fishing and pearl diving, maritime life has played a central role in UAE society and culture. The best way to explore the

city of Abu Dhabi is from the water. The Department of Culture and Tourism – Abu Dhabi (DCT Abu Dhabi) has announced a number of key maritime initiatives to further boost tourism in the sector. The activities cover both the cruise and yachting sectors, in an effort to attract at least 556,000 cruise visitors and 80 superyachts in 2030.

Abu Dhabi is growing into an international tourism captivating destination. Its rapid development by preserving its rich heritage and culture have resulted in transforming the city into an advanced city. It’s known by its rich water and maritime history where trade and tourism started. One of Abu Dhabi’s main objectives that are planned in 2030 vision is to increase the number of new comers to 7.3 million.

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1.2 CRUISE TOURISM Abu Dhabi’s cruise season runs from October to May, and cruise arrivals fall into three categories: Cruise ships that operate seasonal winter sun circular tours of the Arabian Gulf where the cruise traveller’s holiday begins and ends in Abu Dhabi. Cruise ships that include Abu Dhabi as a port-of -call as part of a regional Arabian Gulf itinerary and; International cruise lines

that call at Abu Dhabi for a day during their round-the-world voyages before either venturing eastward to India, the Far East and Australia and onward to the Pacific, or heading back for their summer sun destinations of the Mediterranean, Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean or the Baltic.

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1.3 DEVELOPMENT OF ISLANDS Abu Dhabi the capital city of United Arab Emirates comprises of almost 200 Islands. Many of the Islands are accessible to the public and the other are accessible only by private boats and ferries. The best way to explore Abu Dhabi is through water. With the rapid expansion of multiple manmade and natural islands across Abu Dhabi the need to connect the islands has necessitated development of water transportation.

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Yas Island

Sadiyath Island

Reem Island

Delma Island

Jubail Island

Futaisi Island

Al Mariyah Island

Lulu Island

Jazčrat MarawwaḊ Island

1.4 TRANSPORTATION The Abu Dhabi Department of Transportation facilitates different modes of transportation like bus, taxis, ferries, jalbooth etc. DOT operates more than 95 bus routes throughout the emirate with extensive services in Abu Dhabi city and Al Ain. Buses run at all hours of the day and night, though service may be more limited on Fridays and Saturdays; times vary depending on the line. In addition to regular taxis, the emirate of Abu Dhabi has special taxi services for women, children and disabled passengers. Jalbooth Water Transportation system is UAE’s first integrated marine solution provider. It is an attraction for tourists and provides marine services and experiences that are unique and memorable. It offers thrilling services such as boat tours with sight seeing, and a variety of water sports rides. Travelers who are interested in visiting Dalma Island can get there by ferry from Jabal al Dhanna, a small port town located just 150 miles west of Abu Dhabi city along the coast of the Persian Gulf. Ferries run three times a day (in both

directions) between Saturday and Thursday and twice on Fridays.

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1.5 TRANSPORTATION HUB A public transport hub is a place where the passengers exchange between vehicles or transport modes. Public transport hubs form as the areas for easily accessed by the residential and tourists. The location of hub should be close with other interconnected link. This will minimize the fare rates that need to be paid by the passenger to reach their next modes. Transit hubs are no longer simply a place where the travellers arrives or departs. The facilities in and around the hub make the area a destination itself and can provide a ripple effect that encourages investment in the area, generates new revenue streams and boosts wider prosperity. Every city is dependent on mobility. Mobility enables people, goods and ideas to move in, out and within

our cities, whether on its roads or in the air. As urban centres continue to increase in size and density, mobility is becoming a more pressing issue for a city’s residents.

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1.6 PROJECT PROPOSAL The project proposal is to design an extension for the Cruise Terminal and Transportation Hub. The Cruise terminal acts a as a tourist hub for people to explore the city of Abu Dhabi. The terminal will serve the passengers and public by creating public spaces, recreational spaces etc. It will be open to all kinds of passengers with a diverse range of backgrounds. The transportation hub focuses on prototype stations for Jalbooth transportation, Light Rail station, and taxi terminal.

The research problem will focus on how to transform the private industrial port into a public destination that attracts more public to use the cruise terminal and not only the passengers. The different modes of transportation hub will serves the passengers and the public. When there is no cruises the cruise terminal will be transformed into a public venue hosting various events and entertainment for the public. Abu Dhabi city has been working on enhancing its transportation systems and modes for serving the public, achieving connectivity, convenience and sustainability.

The main focus of the Transportation hub is to promote the use of public transportation in the

city.

There is a need for an extension of the existing terminal due to the rapid development of Islands in Abu Dhabi and with the Cruise Industry growing in order to accommodate more cruises and ferries which can serve more passengers. The existing Cruise Terminal in Abu Dhabi can accommodate two Cruise at a time. The rapid development in Abu Dhabi and Urban expansion to plan a project based on the growth of the Islands. The need to connect the Islands with an extensive network of Prototype Stations to promote different means of public transportation.

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1.7 METHODOLOGY The first step was checking various precedent studies from various parts of the world and analysing them to get inspired and to learn about the Cruise Terminal. Three case studies were selected considering various factors. They were analysed and conclusions were made. Case studies will influence the concept and design process. Different types of literature review will be studied. The second phase is selecting an appropriate site suitable for the project. A visit to the site and the existing terminal will be done which includes observation, photography, sketching, studying the context and learning the environment. The selected site will be studied for its various features like sun and wind analysis, natural features, topography, road networks, accessibility etc. Analysing the site is important because the context will influence the project.

Generic standards gathered from architectural handbooks like the ‘Neufert: Architect’s Data’, will help design the spaces and layouts further in the design development stages. The last phase is the design process, which represents a massive portion of the research, in which the development of the design concept and all the related architectural drawings will be developed through brainstorming, sketching and with use of various computer software's.

CASE STUDY

SITE ANALYSIS

GENERIC DATA

PROGRAMMING

CONCEPT

15

PRECDENT STUDIES

2.1 YOKOHAMA INTERNATIONAL CRUISE TERMINAL

Project Name: Yokahama International Passenger Terminal Location: Yokahama, Japan Architect: Foreign Office Architects (FOA) Year: 2002 Total Area: 48,000 m² The International Passenger Terminal in Yokahama is the largest marine terminal in Japan. With a height of 15m and 70 m width, surrounded by the sea it features Yokohama’s best views of the Minato Mirai Skyline. It features an incredibly complex series of surfaces that gently curve

and fold into a navigable, inhabitable architectural topography.

REASON OF SELECTION This project was chosen as a case study because it is related to my proposed project in terms of the use of the terminal for public activity. It is a transportation space integrated with urban facilities. The terminal have lot of features like Event Plaza, Roof Garden and Observatory deck that not only serves the passengers but also the public making the terminal more open and friendly to the public. This case study is a good example on how it provides various programs that attracts lot of public to the terminal.

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DESIGN CONCEPT It is designed as an extension of the pier ground, concurrently hosting the terminal functions and creating a very large urban park on the roof of the terminal. Rather than developing the building as an object or figure on the pier, the project is produced as an extension of the urban ground, constructed as a systematic transformation of the lines of the circulation diagram into a folded and bifurcated surface. These folds produce covered surfaces where the different parts of the program can be hosted.

Frontal axo wireframe and underlying geometry plan diagrams

MATERIALS ANALYSIS The non-decorative appearance of the structural frame is one of the special features of this

building. A special metal spray technology is applied to the steel to achieve fire resistance without the need to apply an additional fireproofing coating. Other construction materials include wood for the flooring and glass curtain walls. Steel, wood and glass are what constitute this building.

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GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS

In the barrier free environment ramps are

used

as

vertical

circulation

between the levels. Ramps built along the

girders

serve

structural

both

framework

as

the and

passageways. The ground floor is dedicated for around 400 standardsize cars. The parking areas can be used for a flea market. The first floor consists of the Lobby, Cruise decks, CIQ Facilities. The Terrace floor is dedicated

for

Rooftop

Plaza,

Observatory deck and Outdoor event plaza. The terrace floor is the main attraction for the public. Various events such as car shows, beer festivals,

new

year

fire

works,

weddings and outdoor concerts are hosted in the terrace floor.

Ground Floor Plan

First Floor Plan 20

SECTIONS The sections indicate the innovative geometry of the structure of the terminal. These geometries expose the abstract bands of space that are used by the architects, along with folds in the ground that are translated into the enveloping structure in one big operating platform working in an active and efficient system.

Section through the Departure and Arrival Hall

Section through Customs Immigration and Customs

Section through Open Air auditorium 21

CIRCULATION ANALYSIS

The circulation diagram shows the nodes of interest as one would approach and enter the port from the city. The approach shows the pedestrian and vehicular path. There is no concrete separation between the zones of program and circulation. There are minimum number of vertical supports that allows for an open plan and free circulation in the terminal. The

utilization and perception of the space us constantly modified by the size and arrangement of the ships. The main circulation path becomes evident during high traffic time but the gentle curves of the structure allow people to flow almost completely unrestricted.

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Circulation system consists of interlocking paths, designed to increase opportunities for exchanges between individuals. Some routes lead directly to ships while other leads to the roof plaza or multipurpose hall or customs and immigration halls via parking areas when used for public events rather than passenger handling. The articulation of the circulation system with the constructive system through this folded organisation produced two distinct spatial qualities; the continuity of the exterior and the interior spaces and the continuity between the different levels of the building.

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PROGRAM ANALYSIS Total Area of the Terminal is 48,000m2 The first floor and second floor are dedicated for the parking and terminal and the third floor is dedicated for the citizens. The ground floor is taken for luggage handling facilities such as consignment of domestic luggage and international luggage, collection of domestic luggage and international luggage, area for moving luggage around, lifts, conveyor belt etc

Program

Area (sq. m)

Departure and Arrival Hall

2000

Departure and Arrival Lobby

800

Cruise Deck

3000

Visitor Deck

4000

CIQ

2500

Administration

500

Yokohama PR Centre

500

Information Centre

500

Visitor Hall

1200

Machine room

2500

Storehouses

500

Baggage Area

2600

Foyer

1200

Salon

800

Garden Plaza

4000

Exhibition Gallery

500

Shopping Space

500

Restaurants and Cafes

3000

Traffic Plaza for Cruise Terminal

6000

Traffic Plaza for citizen use

2500

Parking

18000

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STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS The structural system consists of folded steel plates and concrete girders supports the buildings.

The strength of the materials minimizes the need for vertical supports and allows for a mostly

open floor plan. The trusses are carried on concrete piers extending from the basement parking level through the apron to the surface of the main level.

Axonometric showing structure The trusses are joined longitudinally by trusses members of conventional configuration, and purlins carrying, either metal cladding or glazing. The building is steel framed, consisting of main beams (girders) on the two sides and a triangular pyramid (folded plates) system to support the roof and floors. These results in a massive column-less interior space, with external walls all made with tempered glass.

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CONCLUSION The Yokohama Cruise Terminal which is located in Yokohama, Japan covers an area of 48,000m2. The terminal is designed based on the concept of ‘No Return Pier’. The terminal is unique for its no return pier concept, where you can never retrace your steps. The terminal has focused more on structuring and circulation and created spaces that are architecturally and aesthetically pleasing. In addition, to promote barrier free movement inside the terminal there are no staircases and the movement is only possible through ramps. The ground floor is dedicated for parking spaces. It can accommodate approximately 400 cars. The parking space is open to the pubic and the parking areas can be used for a flea market. To conclude, the terminal not only attracts the passengers in the terminal but also the public outside. The event plaza and observatory decks are an interesting feature of the terminal. The rooftop plaza is used for gatherings, car shows, beer festivals, new year fire works, weddings and outdoor

concerts. This case study is a good example on how it provides various programs that attracts lot of public to the terminal.

Program of the Terminal

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Visitors Deck

Lobby

Departure & Arrival Hall

Retail

Administration

Restaurant

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2.2 LISBON CRUISE TERMINAL

Project Name: Lisbon Cruise Terminal Location: Lisbon, Portugal Architect: Carrilho da Graca Arquitectos Year: 2018 Total Area: 13800m² The Lisbon Cruise Terminal is located in Portugal. The terminal is inscribed within the walls of an old docked area, seeming to barely touch the ground. The building has a large public terrace that has incredible views of the Tagus river and the whole or Lisbon. The project shows how one building is capable of making the surroundings more pleasurable and of giving life to the neighbourhood.

REASON OF SELECTION This project was chosen as a case study because of the industrial language in its design. The train station behind the terminal facilitates the movement so that people will access public transportation. I wanted to benefit from the way the terminal gives importance to the public

transportation and makes use of the train station nearby to connect the passengers with the public transportation.

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DESIGN CONCEPT The building adopts a friendly concept and focuses on comfort, accessibility. It is designed as a

simple volume, responding to the desire of liberating the surrounding area for the general public. It appears to be a floating volume to liberate the public space facing both the Tagus river and Alfama's slope in Lisbon, as it is broken, generating tension zones and inflections that suggest entry and exit points for the building. a path/promenade surrounds the building, allowing a slow discovery of the surroundings while passing through the different facades. this path culminates in the roof that assumes the features of a stage, relating with the river and the city without any obstacles, such as a plaza with floating volume.

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GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS

First Floor Plan

Ground Floor Plan

Basement Floor Plan 30

Site Plan

Section

Section

Cross Section Parking

Vertical Circulation

Metallic Bridge

Waiting Area

Baggage Handling

Lounge

Wharfs

The program of the terminal is housed under this shell of raised ground: a parking area underground (connected to the open-air parking lot); luggage delivery, processing and claim at ground level; and passenger services (check-in, waiting lounge, VIP lounge, duty free shopping and public-access coffee shop) on the upper level. All the spaces are flexible, as are those of the

park/boulevard, allowing for the future evolution of the terminal and for events of other types to take place outside the hours and seasons of its use as a maritime station.

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MATERIAL ANALYSIS The angular shell is constructed from structural white concrete mixed with cork. The material helps to reduce the building's overall weight, which was necessary due to the limitations of the pre-existing foundations. The use of cork in the concrete mix also adds a subtle texture to the surfaces that is accentuated by the sunlight.

Covered walkways lead passengers from the cruise ships towards the upper level of the building where the check in, waiting lounge, VIP lounge, duty-free shopping and coffee shop are located. Passengers use check-in, waiting lounge, VIP lounge, duty-free shopping, public access coffee shop functions in the upper level, all flexible spaces, as are those of the Park/Boulevard, that allow for the future evolution of the terminal, as for events of other nature to take place outside the hours, and seasons, of its use as a maritime station.

CONCLUSION The Lisbon Cruise Terminal is located in Portugal and covers an area of 13800m2. The monolithic building is designed as "a pavilion" and "an overflow system" towards the park and the city. The building appears to be a floating volume, as it is broken, generating tension zones and inflections that suggest entry and exit points for the building. The case study has an industrial language in its design. The terminal gives importance to the public transportation and makes use of the train station nearby to connect the passengers with the public transportation.

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33

2.3 QINGDAO CRUISE TERMINAL

Project Name: Qingdao Cruise Terminal Location: Qingdao, China Architect: CCDI - JING Studio, CCDI - MOZHAO Studio Year: 2015 Total Area: 59920m² The citizens of Qingdao have a strong sense of belonging to the sea, and this sense of belonging can be seen in every part of the public activities in this coastal city. The pier itself has been redeveloped to accommodate a park and other recreational services, with the terminal building contributing to the area's public function by hosting exhibitions in its arrival and departure halls.

REASON OF SELECTION This project was chosen as a case study because the concept is inspired from the culture and history of Qingdao. The case study focuses on comfort, accessibility and flexibility. I wanted to benefit from how this case study connects the culture and history to the concept of the terminal. The case study also took advantage of developing a recreational park that combined with yacht rental services.

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DESIGN CONCEPT The Qingdao Cruise Terminal adopts a concept that represents the culture and history of Qingdao and focuses on comfort, accessibility and flexibility. Inspiration of the architectural form came from the “sail”, which is famous in Qingdao, The city of Sailing, as well as rows of pitched roof from Qingdao’s historical architecture. To further express the mechanical beauty, the steel structure is exposed on the exterior without curtain walls, so that the structural form becomes the most powerful language of the façade. The folded steel facade and roof structure of this terminal for cruise liners in the Chinese city of Qingdao is informed by the sails of boats that set out from nearby harbours.

Frontal axon wireframe and underlying geometry plan diagrams

MATERIALS ANALYSIS

The materials used in the Terminal comprises of Aluminium grating, Wooden strips and Glass.

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GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS

36

CIRCULATIONAL ANALYSIS

37

GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS

38

GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS

39

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

40

The main building is made of steel reinforced concrete. Roof used the steel structure. Concrete structure can be divided into three floors. The first floor is for the overhead parking lot. The second floor is mainly for entrance functional area, and the third floor is mostly used for open space. We need to achieve the huge span of the space form in the steel structure part to meet the need of crowded situation for the traffic building. The roof is composed of two different unit systems of which the small side is a half outdoor space and the large side is the roof of the joint inspection hall.

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42

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CONCLUSION The Qingdao cruise Terminal is located in Qingdao, China. The terminal covers an area of 59, 920m2. The terminal was constructed in 2015 and receives two cruises at a time. The Qingdao Cruise Terminal adopts a concept that represents the culture and history of Qingdao and focuses on comfort, accessibility and flexibility. Inspiration of the architectural form came from the “sail”, which is famous in Qingdao.

The terminal have features like skylight that reveals the beauty of the light. The steel structure is exposed on the exterior. The structural form becomes the most powerful language of the façade. The overall design of the terminal is industrial language.

To Conclude, this case study is a typical transportation building with clear spaces. Analysing this building in terms of circulation, types of spaces and relationships between the public and private spaces was very helpful and supports my proposal in creating multi functional spaces.

Moreover, the buildings play great role in representing Qingdao’s culture and citizens by exposing its beautiful structure that represents the sail.

Program of Terminal

44

Viewing Deck

Arrival / Departure Hall

Administration

Port Facilities

Waiting Lounges

Retail

45

2.4 COMPARISON

Location & Area Yokohama International Cruise Terminal

Lisbon Cruise Terminal

Qingdao Cruise Terminal

46

Materiality

Yokahama, Japan • wooden planks • minimalist grey 48,000 m² metal panelling

Lisbon, Portugal 13,800m²

Qingdao, China 59,920m²

• structural white concrete mixed with cork.

• Light weight material • a subtle texture to the surfaces

• Aluminium • Glass

Structure

Features

Reason for Selection

• Folded Steel plates and concrete girders • Minimum Vertical supports and giving open Plan

• an incredibly complex series of • Roof Garden surfaces that gently curve and • Outdoor Event fold into a navigable, inhabitable Plaza architectural topography • Observation • Event plaza makes the terminal Deck more friendly to the public • Serving the passengers and the Public

• Structural columns

• Public Terrace • Train station behind the terminal • Metallic facilitating the movement so that Walkway people will access public connecting to transportation cruise • Industrial language in design • Amphitheatre • The public terrace which is like an that looks at the amphitheatre city

• the steel structure is exposed on the exterior.

• The structural form becomes the most powerful language of the façade.

• Skylight • Terrace • Outdoor Public Platform • Sight seeing Platforms

• observation deck • the material fabric of the floor rises and falls in wave-like oscillations to create pathways and apertures into the vast, enclosed spaces below • The beauty of the structure is shown • Industrial language in design

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SITE ANALYSIS

3.1 SITE SELECTION The site analysis chapter will study all the aspects of the selected site. There will be studies of road and street networks, land uses and zoning, etc. Together with that an environmental analysis will be done on the site’s wind and sun orientations, and the site’s topography and natural features will also be illustrated.

The site for the proposed project is located in Zayed Port, Abu Dhabi. It is located next to the existing Cruise Terminal and have good connectivity with the terminal. It is easily accessible by Taxi and Public Transportation.

The site demands for: •

Harbour Waterfront

•

Good Connectivity with existing Terminal

•

Accessibility to Taxi & Bus

•

Connectivity with public transportation and Tourism transportation

Plot Area: 36,507 sqm

50

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3.2 HISTORY OF SITE 1978 Zayed Port was established in 1978. Mina Zayed is a completely manmade area. It was developed to host all the exporting and importing activities in Abu Dhabi.

2005 Only few warehouses were present in the surrounding of the site and the Cruise Terminal was also a Ware house.

2015 In 2015, the Abu Dhabi Cruise Terminal was opened which can accommodate 2 cruises.

2020 The construction of the extension of the existing terminal was completed and will be open to the Public once cruise tourism sector is open by the government after the pandemic.

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3.3 ACCESSIBILITY The site is easily accessible from Abu Dhabi. It is located in Zayed port which was established in 1968. Zayed Port is in the northeast section of Abu Dhabi. The site can be accessed only by one route after entering Zayed Port. Being just five minutes away from the E11 highway and in the centre of Abu Dhabi city. With three gate accesses, the port is fully ISPS-compliant with its own security and safety team.

The map below shows the accessibility to the plot. The red indication shows the route to the site and the black indication shows the route from the site.

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3.4 ROAD NETWORKS & PARKING Since the site is located in the end of Abu Dhabi. The roads are all Aerial roads and the traffic flow is less since it’s a port and the only traffic in the road is of the vehicles to the terminal.

There are comparatively less parking spaces in the plot. The map below shows the road networks and the parking spaces in the plot.

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3.5 TRANSPORTATION

The site have access to various means of public transportation like Public bus, Taxis and Tourist buses. The availability of different means of transportation allows the passengers to use them and travel around the city. The public bus lines accessible to the terminal are 009, 056 etc. The tourists can make use of the Hop on and off tours to discover and explore. The Night Tour is also available to see the beauty of Abu Dhabi's famous landmarks illuminated after dark.

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3.6 LANDMARKS

Louvre Museum: It is an art and civilization museum, located on the Saadiyat Island Cultural District.. It is approximately 24,000 square metres (260,000 sq. ft) in size, with 8,000 square metres (86,000 sq. ft) of galleries, making it the largest art museum in the Arabian peninsula.

Warehouse 421:

is a cultural space that encourages artistic expressions, and supports the

perceptive processes, in order to reinforce the UAE’s creative community. It is a platform for art and culture, design and creativity, performance and music, from UAE-based, regional, and international artists, designers and cultural practitioners.

Abu Dhabi Fish Market: Formally known as the Al Mina Fish market, it is the place where fishermen from all around the region bring their freshest catch to sell. This is where you’ll find the most diverse variety of seafood available for sale, with sellers hawking their offerings in multiple languages.

Abu Dhabi Vegetable Market: It is the main vegetable market in central Abu Dhabi. It is located in Mina Zayed. The market also features a row of shops selling dates.

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3.7 MATERIALITY AND COLOR SCHEME The type of materials used mostly in the buildings near by are Aluminium, Glass and Painted Concrete. The warehouses are made of Metal Sheets.

WAREHOUSES The colour palette below shows a range of colours taken from the Industrial warehouses located in Mina Zayed.

ABU DHABI CRUISE TERMINAL The colour scheme below shows a range of colours taken from existing Cruise Terminal of Abu Dhabi.

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3.8 LAND USE The buildings surrounding the site are mostly Industrial Warehouses.

The other land uses includes Warehouse 421 which is cultural, Retail spaces includes the Mina fish market and Vegetable market.

The closest facilities to the site are

Industrial Warehouses and few Retail

spaces.

Few

Industrial

warehouses are under the Abu Dhabi Ports which is accessible only by the authorities.

EXISTING LAND USE

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LAND USE 2030

3.9 BUILDING HEIGHTS The buildings around the site a re mostly Industrial warehouses and the Cruise Terminal which

.

are 1-2 storey with a height of 10-12 metres

EXISTING

2030

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3.10 ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS Abu Dhabi city has a desert climate. During the year, the temperature is very high and there is virtually no rainfall. In Abu Dhabi, the average annual temperature is 26.8 °C and the average annual rainfall is 75 mm. Abu Dhabi city has humidity that makes it difficult to spend time outdoor particularly in Summer. The wind is most often from the North West direction throughout the year. The winds are higher close to the coast and open areas within the desert.

The Sun path and wind direction were obtained as a part of environmental analysis. From the sun path we can see that in Abu Dhabi, the southern side gets the most sun through out the day, whereas, the north has the least sunlight. The diagrams below shows the Sun and Wind diagrams. In UAE, the wind blows from the North West Direction. On average, February is the wettest month and September is the driest month. The average amount of annual precipitation is 57.0mm.

WIND ROSE DIAGRAMS

AVERAGE HUMIDITY

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SEA TEMPERATURE

SUN & WIND DIAGRAMS

AVERAGE TEMPERATURE

AVERAGE RAINFALL

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3.11 NOISE ANALYSIS The following diagram shows the radius of the noise level around the site. As we can see in the figure below, The noises present in the site are mostly of the cruises and vessels and in the roads the noise of the vehicles. The noises from the cruises are present only when there are cruises in the Terminal, the rest of the time it is quiet.

Noise from road Noise from cruises

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3.12 ELEVATION

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3.13 MARSA MINA Marsa Mina is an entertainment destination which was launched in 2020 in order to entertain the international voyagers coming to Abu Dhabi on cruise ships. It is located next to the existing terminal. A range of pop up retail stores, food trucks and live entertainment attracts the tourists and the public. The design of the food outlets are inspired from the maritime theme and constructed out of shipping containers. An art mural, created by local and international artists is also on display as well as children’s playpark. Developed by Abu Dhabi Ports in collaboration with Danas Business Consultancy, Marsa Mina is a dynamic open-air quayside leisure attraction that provides a wide range of pop-up retail concepts, casual dining

options and entertainment facilities. Marsa Mina’s retail units will be constructed from recycled shipping containers. It is an exciting addition to the Abu Dhabi cruise experience and signifies the commitment towards developing Zayed Port as a unique leisure destination for the UAE community and for tourists arriving to the emirate via cruise ships.

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3.14 CONCLUSION The site is located next to the existing cruise terminal in Zayed Port and have a good connectivity with means of public transportation and can be easily accessible by Taxis and Tourists Bus. There is a harbour waterfront and the view to the sea can be benefited. The weakness of the site are there is lack of natural vegetation and few parking spaces around the

site. Since there are not much buildings near by the site, there are no shadows to shade the site. In addition, the topography of the site is flat because it is a Reclaimed Land of Industrial Port.

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DATA ANALYSIS

4.1 GENERIC DATA This chapter of the research will cover the generic data used for the spaces in the project. The project is a Cruise Terminal, also integrating other facilities and functions. Other functions

available include retail areas, cafe, restaurants, etc. The data is extracted from the generic data books to develop a larger understanding for the spaces proposed in the project. The standards of the different spaces in the project are analysed. All these spaces will be designed using standards available in the book by Neufert called ‘Architect’s Data’ . Operational and Functional diagrams are studied from Various Case studies.

Functional diagram of Terminal

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4.2 ERGONOMICS There are standards for spaces that are based on people and how much space they need and can take up. The following are important for an efficient design of the building.

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4.3 CHECK IN COUNTERS Traditionally,

at

check-in

counters

passengers show their tickets, had seats allocated and if necessary had large items of baggage weighed and possibly security screened for registration and loading into the aircraft hold. However, in recent times the check-in process has undergone great

change,

with

most

passengers

now

checking in online from home. This means that many passengers arrive at the terminal having already checked-in and printed a boarding pass with a seat allocated.

1. Traditional check-in desks 2. Self-service check in kiosks 3. Self-bag drop

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4.4 RETAIL SHOPS The retails in the program includes a variety of types. Duty free shops that includes beverages, food and gifts. In addition to souvenir shops. Retail outlets can be broadly divided into small shops (less than 280 m2 sales area) and large space users. The latter include supermarkets and stores which may

specialise in food or non-food lines or sell a wide variety of produces (composite shops, variety shops, departmental stores)

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4.5 OFFICES Offices have a variety of typologies and organizations depending on the building type and function. For the Cruise hub, closed and open offices are required.

Closed-plan offices have full-height walls or partitions dividing the space into office with doors. Private offices are typically located along the window wall.

Administrative support is housed in workstations along corridors or in shared rooms. The advantages include a controlled environment, security and visual privacy.

Closed planed offices have full-height walls or partitions dividing the space into offices with doors.

Private offices are typically located along the window wall.

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4.6 FOOD COURTS Food courts are generally an indoor plaza or common area within a facility that is contiguous with the counters of multiple food vendors and provides a common area for self-serve dinner.. They are large halls that house group of small outlets that serves a variety of food products..

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4.7 RESTAURANTS

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4.8 DISABLE PEOPLE STANDARDS An environment for disabled people needs to be designed to accommodate wheelchairs and allow sufficient space for moving around in safety. All switches, handles, window fittings, telephone points, paper roll or towel holders, lift controls etc must be within reach of an outstretched arm. Access paths to the building should be 1.20-2.00m wide and be as short as possible. Ramps should ideally be straight, with a maximum incline of 5-7%, and should be no longer than 6m.

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4.9 OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS

Operational Arrangements at Kai Tak Cruise Terminal (Departure)

Operational Arrangements at Kai Tak Cruise Terminal (Arrival)

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PROGRAMMING

5.1 DETAILED PROGRAM SPACE

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TYPE

NSM

UNITS

TOTAL NSM

PROJECT BRIEF & CONCLUSION The proposal of the project consists of a Cruise Terminal and Transportation Hub that facilitates the passengers of the Cruise Terminal. The proposed design program will be dedicated to both the tourists and citizens. The building will act as a multifunctional place

that will house different activities for the public. The terminal will include arrival and departure halls along with their services and facilities, but when there is no transportation season the spaces will be transformed into housing festivals, exhibitions and different temporary activities to add liveliness and to attract the public. Understanding spaces of the case studies have helped in figuring out the areas and the number of units needed for each functional space.

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5.2 BUBBLE DIAGRAM

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5.3 PROGRAM ADJACENCY MATRIX CRUISE TERMINAL

Strong Adjacency Weak Adjacency

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JALBOOTH TRANSPORTATION HUB

LIGHT RAIL TRANSPORTATION HUB

Strong Adjacency Weak Adjacency

The Proximity matrix shows what functions are required to be within extreme close proximity to each other or just close enough, or what doesn’t need to be close to each other for the design of the building to be efficient. The public plaza needs to have a strong relation with the entrance foyer, departure and arrival halls, and the transit hub stations. The proximity matrix diagrams clearly defines the relation and connection between the different spaces in the terminal and the transit hub station.

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5.4 FLOW DIAGRAM

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5.4 FLOW DIAGRAM

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5.5 CLUSTER DIAGRAM

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CONCEPT

6.1 CONCEPT INSPIRATION The design concept started by studying the site and conducting a detailed analysis of the context. The project will be designed respecting the context of the site. The inspiration for the design was taken from the surrounding environment, the existing cruise terminal and the harbour water front.

Here is an architecture that explores spatial osmosis, fluidity, industrial, and folding. Spatial Osmosis is introduced, in order to form a coherent public space. The main idea is to break the rigid limit between the sea and the land with an opportunity of designing public space. The sea and the land are separate spatial entities that start penetrating into each other and the public spaces serve as the medium that links the two spatial entities. Analysing the idea of fluidity from the harbour water front and having a relationship with the industrial language. The roof and the building will be treated as two separate entity. The roof of the building follows the idea of

folding and will be triangulated with the pitch line diagonal. The form below will be derived from the pitch line and will flow in a fluid manner.

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6.2 CONTEXT ANALYSIS

Existing cruise terminal

Fig: Contextual response

Plot Public Plaza Light Rail Station

Jalbooth station

Cruise ships docking area

Jalbooth docking area

Light Rail route Fig: Contextual response with roof layout 99

6.3 CONCEPT SKETCHES

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6.4 ROOF DESIGN ANALYSIS

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6.5 CONCEPT MODEL

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REFERENCES

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