test by Tarek Atrisso

‫سفارة‬ ‫جمهورية ألمانيا اإلتحادية‬ ‫أبو ظبي‬

Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany Abu Dhabi

Contents 5 German-Emirati Relations 7 History of the Federal Republic of Germany 9 Political System of Germany 11 Life in Germany 13 Addresses of German Institutions in the UAE 15 Impressum

Foreword

A personal message

Grußwort des Botschafters

This agenda is a new project of the German Embassy. We hope that by presenting various information on modern Germany in this agenda we may contribute a bit to a better mutual understanding and thus to the further enhancement of our bilateral relations. We are convinced that the great dynamism in the German-UAE relations, we have witnessed in the past years will continue in 2009 – may it be another fruitful and successful year.

Sie halten die erste Ausgabe unserer neuen Agenda in den Händen. Die deutschemiratischen Beziehungen haben sich in jüngster Zeit ausgezeichnet entwickelt und ich bin davon überzeugt, dass dies 2009 genau so sein wird. Diese Agenda soll Sie ein wenig dabei unterstützen, auch dieses Jahr erfolgreich zu gestalten.

The economic exchange between our two countries is continously growing. The political relations and the exchange of political visits is consolidated on a very high level. In the cultural field we have seen a huge development, for example in Academic cooperation.

Die anhaltende Dynamik der bilateralen Beziehungen zeigt sich in allen Bereichen: steigende persönliche politische Kontakte auf Bundes- und Landesebene, wachsender Handelsaustausch, vertiefte Bildungs- und Kulturbeziehungen unserer beiden Länder. Ich danke allen, die daran mitgewirkt haben und wünsche Ihnen – auch im Namen der gesamten Botschaft – ein frohes und erfolgreiches Jahr 2009.

On behalf of the whole Embassy I wish you all the best for the coming year. Klaus-Peter Brandes Ambassador of the Federal Republic of Germany to the United Arab Emirates

Ihr Klaus-Peter Brandes Botschafter der Bundesrepublik Deutschland in den Vereinigten Arabischen Emiraten

Straight from the Mercedes-Benz dream factory. The new generation SL, CLS and SLK.

Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany - Abu Dhabi

German-Emirati Relations

Political relations Germany has maintained diplomatic relations with the United Arab Emirates (UAE) since 1972 and is accorded privileged partner status. In April 2004, a strategic partnership was agreed upon, reflecting the intention of the two governments to step up relations in the political sphere as well as maintaining extensive trade relations. Since then, numerous high-ranking visits have fostered a favourable climate for close cooperation. The most recent highlight was the visit of HH Sheikh Mohamed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President of the UAE, Prime Minister and Ruler of Dubai, who visited Berlin upon an invitation by Federal Chancellor Dr. Angela Merkel. During this visit the continuity in the two countriesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; strategic partnership was explicitly acknowledged.

Economic relations The UAE is Germany's leading economic partner in the Arab world. German exports amounting to EUR 5.8 billion (+ 9%) made 2007 another successful year. Foreign trade with the UAE has evidently been held back by the strong euro and tops the overall trend in German exports. For German foreign trade, the UAE is roughly as important as Hong Kong or Singapore. Some 500 German companies operate in the UAE, about 150 of them in Abu Dhabi and approx. 350 in Dubai and the Northern Emirates. German businesses have joined forces to form the German Business Councils Dubai and Abu Dhabi. There are around 8.000 German nationals living in the UAE. Germany and the UAE have signed air transport and double taxation accords as well as an agreement on promoting and protecting investments.

steel. logistics. services.

All three pillars of export trade promotion are in place: in Dubai, the Delegate of German Industry and Commerce (branch office in Abu Dhabi), the correspondent of the German Office of Foreign Trade (BfAI) and the German Consulate General, and in Abu Dhabi the German Embassy. The German National Tourist Board runs an office in Dubai.In April 2007, the Fraunhofer Society opened an office in Dubai.

Cultural relations Stepping up cultural relations is another objective of the strategic partnership. Germany has a very good reputation in training, particularly medicine and the engineering sciences. Agreement has already been reached on exchanging more students and German cooperation in setting up facilities for vocational and technical education. In May 2006, the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) and the Goethe Institute both opened regional offices for the Gulf States in Abu Dhabi. The German news magazine "Der Spiegel", the German daily “Das Handelsblatt” and the German TV station "Deutsche Welle TV" have seconded regular correspondents to Dubai. The “Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung” will open an office in Abu Dhabi at the end of 2008. In Abu Dhabi and in Sharjah/Dubai, German schools provide teaching up to 10th grade. The German Schools in Abu Dhabi and Sharjah will extend their curriculum to include the German International Baccalaureat (university-entrance qualification). The higher education agreement between Abu Dhabi University and the Technical University of Munich which was signed during Federal Chancellor Merkel’s visit in February 2007, laid ground for setting up a medical faculty based on the German model. There are other cooperation and exchange projects between the Hamburg School of Business and the University of Dubai, the University of Reutlingen and the University City of Sharjah and between the University of Erlangen-Nürnberg and Ajman University.

www.salzgitter-mannesmann-international.com Wherever you are, we are always close at hand.

Salzgitter Mannesmann International GmbH Representative Office Dubai 604 East Wing Building 4A Dubai Airport Free Zone P. O. Box 54431 Dubai, United Arab Emirates Tel. +971 4 2045630 Fax +971 4 2045631

Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany - Abu Dhabi

History of the Federal Republic of Germany

The 1940s • Marshall Plan (5 July 1947) • Berlin Blockade (24 January 1948 - 12 April 1949) • Basic Law - Establishment of the Federal Republic of Germany (23 May 1949) and Election of the first Bundestag (14 August 1949), Konrad Adenauer Chancellor • Establishment of the German Democratic Republic (7 October 1949)

The 1950s • Founding of the European Coal and Steel Community (18 April 1951) • Uprising in East Germany (17 June 1953) • Signing of the Treaty of Paris on 23 October 1954 - West Germany joins the Western European Union and NATO (6 May 1955) • Signing of the Treaty of Rome (EEC and EURATOM) on 25 March 1957

The 1960s • Building of the Berlin Wall (13 August 1961) • Signing of the Elysée Treaty (Franco-German Friendship Treaty) on 22 January 1963 • Student uprisings («extra-parliamentary opposition»), 1968 • Economic boom (Wirtschaftswunder) throughout the 50s and 60s • Formation of SPD/FDP Federal Government under Chancellor Willy Brandt (SPD), 21 October 1969

The 1970s • “Ostpolitik” under Chancellor Willy Brandt (SPD) (Nobel Prize Laureate in 1971) • Oil crisis (1973 and 1979) • 1973: Federal Republic of Germany GDR become members of the UN (18 September 1973) • Women’s movement • Red Army Faction (RAF) terrorism • NATO two-track decision (debate on deployment of missiles) on 12 December 1979

The 1980s • Vote of no confidence defeats Schmidt government, Helmut Kohl (CDU) elected Federal Chancellor (1 October 1982) • Peace movement, anti-nuclear protests, environmental awareness • The Greens win seats for the first time in the 1983 elections to the Bundestag

The 1990s • Fall of the Berlin Wall on 9 November 1989 & Reunification on 3 October 1990 • Bundestag decides to move seat of government to Berlin on 20 June 1991 (move in 1999) • Treaty of Maastricht on European Union (7 February 1992) • Schengen Agreement removes border controls (26 March 1995) • Gerhard Schröder (SPD) elected Federal Chancellor (27 October 1998)

The 2000s • Euro replaces Deutschmark (DM) as currency (1 January 2002) • Signing of the EU Constitutional Treaty in Rome (29 October 2004) • Angela Merkel (CDU) was elected as the First Female Federal Chancellor (22 November 2005) • Germany hosts FIFA World Cup (9 June – 9 July 2005) • 50th Anniversary of European Integration Process (25 March 2007)

Political System of Germany

Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany - Abu Dhabi

Political System of Germany The Federal States (Bundesländer): Baden-Württemberg Capital: Stuttgart Population: 10,693,000 Surface area in km²: 35,751.65 GDP in billion euro: 319.43 www.baden-wuerttemberg.de Bavaria Capital: Munich Population: 12,423,000 Surface area in km²: 70,549.19 GDP in billion euro: 385.16 www.bayern.de Berlin Capital: Berlin Population: 3,388,000 Surface area in km²: 891.75 GDP in billion euro: 77.86 www.berlin.de Brandenburg Capital: Potsdam Population: 2,575,000 Surface area in km²: 29,477.16 GDP in billion euro: 45.02 www.brandenburg.de Bremen Capital: Bremen Population: 663,000 Surface area in km²: 404.23 GDP in billion euro: 23.58 www.bremen.de

Hamburg Capital: Hamburg Population: 1,734,000 Surface area in km²: 755.16 GDP in billion euro: 78.79 www.hamburg.de Hesse Capital: Wiesbaden Population: 6,089,000 Surface area in km²: 21,114.72 GDP in billion euro: 195.17 www.hessen.de Lower Saxony Capital: Hanover Population: 7,993,000 Surface area in km²: 47,618.24 GDP in billion euro: 184.92 www.niedersachsen.de Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Capital: Schwerin Population: 1,732,000 Surface area in km²: 23,174.17 GDP in billion euro: 29.78 www.mecklenburg-vorpommern.de North Rhine-Westphalia Capital: Düsseldorf Population: 18,080,000 Surface area in km²: 34,083.52 GDP in billion euro: 481.42 www.nordrhein-westfalen.de

Rhineland-Palatinate Capital: Mainz Population: 4,059,000 Surface area in km²: 19,847.39 GDP in billion euro: 95.39 www.rheinland-pfalz.de Saarland Capital: Saarbrücken Population: 1,061,000 Surface area in km²: 2,568.65 GDP in billion euro: 26.05 www.saarland.de Saxony Capital: Dresden Population: 4,321,000 Surface area in km²: 18,413.91 GDP in billion euro: 79.84 www.sachsen.de

Saxony-Anhalt Capital: Magdeburg Population: 2,523,000 Surface area in km²: 20,445.26 GDP in billion euro: 45.80 www.sachsen-anhalt.de Schleswig-Holstein Capital: Kiel Population: 2,823,000 Surface area in km²: 15,763.18 GDP in billion euro: 66.51 www.schleswig-holstein.de Thuringia Capital: Erfurt Population: 2,373,000 Surface area in km²: 16,172.14 GDP in billion euro: 42.27 www.thueringen.de

Basic Facts • • Capital: Berlin • • Flag: Three horizontal stripes in black, red and gold • • National Anthem: Text: 3rd verse of the “Song of the Germans” • • Lyrics: Hoffmann von Fallersleben, Music: Haydn’s Emperor’s Quartet • • Democratic, social and federal state

Basic Law The Basic Law is the legal and political foundation of the Federal Republic of Germany. It was originally devised as a temporary solution and provisional arrangement until such time as a constitution for the whole of Germany could be drawn up. When the GDR acceded to the area of validity of the Basic Law on October 3 1990, it became the constitution of the whole of Germany. The Basic Law stands for the success story of democracy in Germany following Nazi rule and is seen as a defining moment in German history

Federal State Germany is a state consisting of 16 federal states (the Länder) endowed with their own powers. The Länder are represented at the federal level by the Bundesrat, through which they participate in the legislative process and control the federal government.

Head of State The Federal President is Germany’s Head of State. He is elected by a specially convened body, the Federal Assembly Bundesversammlung) and serves a five-year term. In 2004 Prof. Dr. Horst Köhler (CDU) was elected Federal President.

Overview of the political System appoints proposes ministers Federal Government The executive consists of the Federal Chancellor and the Federal Ministers. Each minister is personally responsible for managing the ministry in question in line with the guidelines

elec t

elects for 5 years

elects

Federal Government and Federal Chancellor

Party Political System

The Federal Government is made up of the Federal Chancellor and the Federal Ministers. While the Chancellor holds the power

In Germany`s multi-party system political parties have a special constitutional status. They are protected from arbitrary Bundestag Federal Convention Bundesrat state power byforthe Basic German PartiesItsreceive The parliament is elected four years and Law. This elects the Federal President 69 members arefinancial delegates is made up of 598 members. Depending on and is made up of the members of the state governments support from the state and can only be prohibited byandthe the election result there can be “overhang of the Bundestag and an equal participate in the legislative Federal Constitutional Court. seats”. Its central tasks are to pass number of persons elected process. They represent the states’

elects

constitute

to issue directives, the ministers have departmental powers, meaning that they independently run their respective ministries in the framework of those directives. Moreover, the cabinet abides

by the collegial principle, in disputes the Federal Government decides by majority. The affairs of state are managed by the Chancellor, who is elected by the Bundestag after being proposed by the Federal President. The Federal Chancellor then proposes to the Federal President which ministers should be appointed or dismissed. He bears responsibility for the Government vis-à-vis the Bundestag and in the case of national defence is supreme commander of the German Armed Forces. In 2005 Dr. Angela Merkel (CDU) was elected Federal Chancellor.

legislation and control government

interests at the federal level

constitute

Members of the German Bundestag are elected in “general, direct, free, equal and secret They the Staterepresent governments Stateelections”. parliaments The and governments of the federalbe states The members of the state vote entire nation, not individual constituencies, cannot are made up of a Minister President parliaments are voted bound by party whips. The German system is based and the state ministries. The way the directly, they enactelectoral laws and governments formed andhas their control the governments on “personalised” proportional representation. Eacharevoter scope differs from state to state two votes, the first of which is vote for a candidate in his or her constituency, the second for a state list of candidates put up Electorate All German citizens over the age of 18 have the right to vote. by a particular party. The innumber ofequal seats party holds in They vote for members of parliament general, direct, free, and secretaelections the Bundestag is determined by the number of valid second votes it receives. Universal suffrage allows all German nationals over 18 years of age (16 in municipal elections) to elect a new Bundestag every four years.

The 16th German Bundestag

In addition to the Bundestag, the Bundesrat (consisting of delegates of the state governments to uphold the states’ interests) participates in legislation in Germany’s bicameral system. Owing to reform of German Federalism, its influence was reduced in 2007 in order to ensure efficient decision-making and transparency. The Parties represented in the current German Bundestag and their Chairpersons are as follows: SPD, Kurt Beck - CDU, Angela Merkel - CSU, Erwin Huber - FDP, Guido Westerwelle The Left.PDS, Lothar Bisky - A’90 / Greens, Claudia Roth, Reinhard Bütikofer

by the state parliaments

MPs and Electoral System constitute

Legislature

Federal Chancellor He forms the cabinet and is the head of government. He issues the guidelines for politics and bears the responsibility for government

Federal President He is the head of state of the Federal Republic of Germany. The Federal President primarily discharges representative functions and represents the Federal Republic inside and outside the country

61 46

614 seats 180

222

The 16th German Bundestag On September 18 2005 the 16th German Bundestag was elected. The election had been preceded by the dissolution of the Bundestag following a failed vote of confidence in the Federal Chancellor. The new Parliament is made up of five parliamentary parties. The SPD, the CDU and CSU together form a grand coalition government. The President of the Bundestag – and thus the second-highest ranking official in the country – is the CDU member of parliament Norbert Lammert. Women make up 32 percent of the members of parliament.

Overview of the political System

On September 18 2005 the 16th German Bundestag was elected. The election had been preceded by the dissolution of the Bundestag following a failed vote of confidence in the Federal Chancellor. The new Parliament is made up of five parliamentary parties. The SPD, the CDU and CSU together form a grand coalition government. The President of the Bundestag – and thus the second-highest ranking official in the country – is the CDU member of parliament Norbert Lammert. Women make up 32 percent of the members of parliament. Overview of the political System appoints proposes ministers Federal Government The executive consists of the Federal Chancellor and the Federal Ministers. Each minister is personally responsible for managing the ministry in question in line with the guidelines

elects

Federal Chancellor He forms the cabinet and is the head of government. He issues the guidelines for politics and bears the responsibility for government

elec t

elects for 5 years

elects

constitute Bundestag The parliament is elected for four years and is made up of 598 members. Depending on the election result there can be “overhang seats”. Its central tasks are to pass legislation and control government

Federal Convention This elects the Federal President and is made up of the members of the Bundestag and an equal number of persons elected by the state parliaments

constitute

vote

State parliaments The members of the state parliaments are voted directly, they enact laws and control the governments

vote

Bundesrat Its 69 members are delegates of the state governments and participate in the legislative process. They represent the states’ interests at the federal level

constitute

State governments The governments of the federal states are made up of a Minister President and the state ministries. The way the governments are formed and their scope differs from state to state

Electorate All German citizens over the age of 18 have the right to vote. They vote for members of parliament in general, direct, free, equal and secret elections

Federal Constitutional Court The country’s supreme ourt consists of 16 judges. Half of them are voted for by the Bundestag, the other half by the Bundesrat. They can only be elected for one term of office. State governments The governments of the federal states are made up of a Minister President and the state ministries. The way the governments are formed and their scope differs from state to state. Federal Government The executive consists of the Federal Chancellor and the Federal Ministers. Each minister is personally responsible for managing the ministry in question in line with the guidelines. Federal Chancellor He forms the cabinet and is the head of government. He issues the guidelines for politics and bears the responsibility for government. Bundesrat Its 69 members are delegates of the state governments and participate in the legislative process. They represent the states’interests at the federal level. Federal Convention This elects the Federal President and is made up of the members of the Bundestag and an equal number of persons elected by the state parliaments. Bundestag The parliament is elected for four years and is made up of 598 members. Depending on the election result there can be “overhang seats”. Its central tasks are to pass legislation and control government. State parliaments The members of the state parliaments are voted directly, they enact laws and control the governments Electorate All German citizens over the age of 18 have the right to vote. They vote for members of parliament in general, direct, free, equal and secret elections 22

Legal system Germany is a â&#x20AC;&#x153;social constitutional stateâ&#x20AC;?. It is based on the principle of a division of powers and the rule of law. All organs of state are subject to the constitution. The Basic Law guarantees every individual citizen basic and human rights. The Federal Constitutional Court acts as the guardian of the Basic Law. All other institutions are bound by its rulings.

Federal Constitutional Court The Federal Constitutional Court is based in Karlsruhe and consists of two senates, each made up of eight judges. One half of the judges is selected by the Bundestag, the other half by the Bundesrat. Each judge is appointed for 12 years and is not eligible for service beyond that tenure.

Life in Germany

Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany - Abu Dhabi

Life in Germany Facts and Figures about Germany and its population: Neighbouring Countries: France, Switzerland, Austria, Czech Republic, Poland, Denmark, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxemburg Area: 357,021 km² Land: 349,223 km² Water: 7,798 km² Total population: 82.5 million incl. 42.1 million women incl. 40.4 million men incl. foreign citizens: 7.3 million (8.9 %) Population density: 231 people per km² Life expectancy: Men: 75.9 years Women: 81.6 years Birth rate: 1.3 children per woman Languages: German, Frisian, Sorbian, Danish, Romany, Low German 16 Federal States “Bundesländer” Highest point: Zugspitze mountain (2,963 m) Major rivers: Rhine, Danube, Elbe, Main, Weser Large cities: Berlin, Hamburg, Munich, Stuttgart, Cologne, Frankfurt, Dresden, Leipzig 90 cities (over 100,000 inhabitants), more than 14,000 towns and villages 2 seas, 11 mountains above 2,000 m in more than 25 mountain ranges, 4 rivers each stretching more than 500 km in Germany, 5 lakes, each with an area greater than 55 km², approx. 10.7 million hectares of forest 300 kinds of bread, 1,500 kinds of sausage, 1,250 beer breweries, 13 wine-growing areas

Religion in Germany “The freedom of faith, of conscience, and the freedom of religious and ideological beliefs are inviolable.” (Art. 4: 1 Basic Law) There is no state church in Germany. The most prevalent religions in Germany are the Protestant and Catholic Churches with respectively around 28 million members. Muslims make up the next largest group with around 3 million members. The vast majority of Muslims are Sunni. Jews make up the third largest religious community in Germany. Other faiths found in Germany are Orthodox Christians, Hindus, Buddhists and Baha’i. There are more than 160 different religious communities in Germany.

Day of German Unity - German National Day Following the peaceful overthrow of the East German regime in 1989, reunification of the two Germanies moved closer. In the summer of 1990 negotiations about the reunification treaty commenced in Berlin. On October 3 1990, on the basis of Article 23 of the Basic Law, East Germany (GDR) acceded to the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany: today this day is the «Day of German Unity».

Addresses of German Institutuions in the UAE Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany The Towers at the Trade Center West Tower 14th Floor Abu Dhabi Mall Tel.: 009716446693-2Fax.: 009716446942-2P.O.Box 2591 Abu Dhabi info@abu-dhabi.diplo.de http://www.abu-dhabi.diplo.de Consulate General of the Federal Republic of Germany Khalid Bin Al Waleed Rd. New Sharaf Building Near Burjuman Center Telefon: 0097133 23 397-4Fax: 009713972225-4P.O. Box 2247 Dubai info@dubai.diplo.de http://www.dubai.diplo.de AHK Abu Dhabi German Industry and Commerce Office Tel.: 0097100 52 645-2Fax 009716457100-2P.O. Box 54702 e-mail: ahk@uae.com http://www.ahkuae.com

AHK Dubai Dubai German Industry and Commerce Office Khalid Ibn Waleed Road 122 (Consulate Area: Bur Dubai) Tel.: 0097101 00 397-4Fax 009713970003-4P.O. Box 7480, Dubai e-mail: info@ahkdubai.com http://www.ahkdubai.com German Business Council Abu Dhabi (Gebcad) German Industry and Commerce Office Tel.: 0097100 52 645-2Fax 009716457100-2P.O. Box 54702 e-mail: secretary@gebcad.com http://www.gebcad.com German Business Council Dubai (GBCDubai) German Industry and Commerce Office Khalid Ibn Waleed Road 122 (Consulate Area: Bur Dubai) Tel.: 0097101 00 397-4Fax 009713970003-4P.O. Box 7480, Dubai e-mail: office@gbc-dubai.com http://www.gbc-dubai.com/

Goethe-Institut Liaison Office for the Gulf-Region Opposite Le Meridien Hotel, 17th Floor App.No. 1701 (Pizza Hut Building) Tel.: 0097120 79 672-2Fax: 009716727902-2P.O. Box 53975, Abu Dhabi e-mail: info@abudhabi.goethe.org http://www.goethe.de/abudhabi

Deutsche Schule Sharjah/Dubai P.O. Box 1465, Sharjah Sharjah Tel: 00971 - 6 – 5676014 Fax: 971 - 6 – 5662118 Email: office@dssharjah.org Dubai Tel: 00971 - 4 – 4209790 Fax: 00971- 4 – 4209789 Email: dssdubai@dssharjah.org www.dssharjah.org

Goethe-Institut German Language Center Dubai Mina Road Dubai Sharaf Building beside Seaview Hotel Tel: 00971 4 359 0529 Fax: 00971 4 359 9950 P.O.Box 62448 Dubai, UAE e-mail: info@dubai.goethe.org http://www.goethe.de/dubai

German National Tourist Office World Trade Center 15th Floor P.O.Box 9224 Dubai Tel.: 009714057513-4Fax.: 009713329706-4Email: antje.roeding@dhl.de www.germany-tourism.de

DAAD-Büro German Academic Exchange Service Information Centre Gulf Region Opposite Le Meridien Hotel, 17th Floor App.No. 1702 (Pizza Hut Building) Tel.: 0097124 11 678-2-, Fax: 009716781128-2P.O. Box 53975, Abu Dhabi e-mail: info@ic-daad-abudhabi.org http://www.ic.daad.de/abudhabi DSAD German School Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 4150 Abu Dhabi Tel.: 0097168 86 666-2Fax: 0097107 31 665-2e-mail: dsad1976@emirates.net.ae http://www.dsad.de

BfAI German Federal Office of Foreign Trade P.O. Box 2724 Dubai Tel.: 009713972611-4Fax: 009713979117-4e-mail: disterse@emirates.net.ae

Impressum Acknowledgements Publishing and distribution Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany The Towers at the Trade Center West Tower 14th Floor Abu Dhabi Mall Tel.: 009716446693-2Fax.: 009716446942-2P.O.Box 2591 Abu Dhabi info@abu-dhabi.diplo.de http://www.abu-dhabi.diplo.de Design, production and advertising Sources

‫المحتوى‬ ‫‪ 5‬العالقات األلمانية اإلماراتية‬ ‫‪ 7‬تاريخ جمهورية ألمانيا اإلتحادية‬ ‫‪ 9‬النظام السياسى أللمانيا‬ ‫‪ 11‬ال‬ ‫‪ 13‬الهئيات األلمانية فى دولة اإلمارات العربية المتحدة‬ ‫‪ 15‬تفاصيل النشر‬

‫مقدمة‬

Grußwort des Botschafters Sie halten die erste Ausgabe unserer neuen Agenda in den Händen. Die deutschemiratischen Beziehungen haben sich in jüngster Zeit ausgezeichnet entwickelt und ich bin davon überzeugt, dass dies 2009 genau so sein wird. Diese Agenda soll Sie ein wenig dabei unterstützen, auch dieses Jahr erfolgreich zu gestalten. Die anhaltende Dynamik der bilateralen Beziehungen zeigt sich in allen Bereichen: steigende persönliche politische Kontakte auf Bundes- und Landesebene, wachsender Handelsaustausch, vertiefte Bildungs- und Kulturbeziehungen unserer beiden Länder. Ich danke allen, die daran mitgewirkt haben und wünsche Ihnen – auch im Namen der gesamten Botschaft – ein frohes und erfolgreiches Jahr 2009. Ihr Klaus-Peter Brandes Botschafter der Bundesrepublik Deutschland in den Vereinigten Arabischen Emiraten

‫مقدمة بقلم السفير‬ ‫تعد هذه الرزنامة مشروعًا جديدًا للسفارة األلمانية ونأمل من خاللها فى تعزيز أواصر التعاون‬ ‫والتقارب بين البلدين فى العالقات الثنائية وذلك عن طريق تقديم معلومات متنوعة عن‬ ‫ إذ أننا على يقين بأن التطور العظيم فى العالقات األلمانية اإلماراتية والذى‬.‫ألمانيا العصرية‬ ‫ والذى نتمنى أن يكون عامًا‬2009 ‫عايشناه فى السنوات الماضية سيستمر أيضًا فى عام‬ .‫مثمرًا وناجحًا‬ ‫ والعالقات السياسية وتبادل الزيارات‬،‫إن التبادل اإلقتصادى بين البلدين فى نمو مستمر‬ .‫ مثل التعاون األكاديمى‬،‫ وعلى صعيد المجال الثقافى فهناك تطور هائل‬.‫على مستوى عال‬ .‫بالنيابة عن نفسى وعن جميع العاملين بالسفارة أتمنى لكم كل التوفيق فى العام الجديد‬

‫بيتر براندس‬-‫كالوس‬ ‫سفير جمهورية ألمانيا اإلتحادية لدى دولة اإلمارات العربية المتحدة‬

‫سفارة جمهورية ألمانيا اإلتحادية ‪ -‬أبو ظبي‬

‫العالقات‬ ‫األلمانية اإلماراتية‬

‫العالقات السياسية‬ ‫إن العالقات الدبلوماسية بين ألمانيا ودولة اإلمارات العربية المتحدة‬ ‫قائمة منذ ‪ 1972‬وقد منحت منزلة الشراكة المتميزة‪.‬فى أبريل ‪2004‬‬ ‫بدأت جمهورية ألمانيا اإلتحادية ودولة اإلمارات العربية المتحدة شراكة‬ ‫استراتيجية فيما بينهما‪ ،‬حيث أبدت الحكومتان رغبتهما فى تعميق‬ ‫العالقات االقتصادية من خالل التجارة المكثفة القائمة والتعاون فى‬ ‫القضايا السياسية المختلفة‪ .‬كما أسهمت الزيارات ذات المستوى‬ ‫الرفيع فى خلق مناخ مناسب لتعزيز التعاون بين البلدين‪ ،‬ومن أبرز‬ ‫تلك الزيارات زيارة سمو الشيخ محمد بن راشد آل مكتوم‪ ،‬نائب رئيس‬ ‫الدولة ورئيس مجلس الوزراء وحاكم دبى إلى برلين بناء على دعوة من‬ ‫المستشارة اإلتحادية الدكتورة أنجيال ميركل‪ .‬وقد تم خالل هذه الزيارة‬ ‫تأكيد وتعزيز أهمية إستمرارية الشراكة اإلستراتيجية بين البلدين‪.‬‬

‫العالقات اإلقتصادية‬ ‫إتعد دولة اإلمارات العربية المتحدة الشريك اإلقتصادى الرئيسى فى‬ ‫العالم العربى لجمهورية ألمانيا اإلتحادية‪ .‬وصلت صادرات ألمانيا لدولة‬ ‫اإلمارات العربية المتحدة إلى ‪ 5.8‬بليون يورو (‪ )9€‬مما جعل من عام‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫عاما آخر ناجحًا‪ .‬تأثرت التجارة الخارجية مع دولة اإلمارات بالطبع‬ ‫‪2007‬‬ ‫بقوة اليورو ولكنها ال زالت تتعدى المؤشر الكلى للصادرات األلمانية‪.‬‬ ‫أما عن للتجارة الخارجية األلمانية تعد دولة اإلمارات العربية المتحدة‬ ‫فى أهمية هونج كونج أو سنغافورة‪.‬‬ ‫هناك ‪ 500‬شركة ألمانية عاملة فى دولة اإلمارات العربية المتحدة‪،‬‬ ‫منها تقريبًا ‪ 150‬شركة فى أبوظبى و ‪ 350‬فى دبى و اإلمارات الشمالية‪.‬‬

‫‪6‬‬

‫كما إتحدت الهيئات التجارية األلمانية وكونت مجلس األعمال األلمانى‬

‫باإلضافة إلى ذلك توفر المدارس األلمانية فى أبوظبى و الشارقة و دبى‬

‫فى دبى وأبوظبى‪ .‬وعالوة على ذلك فإن ‪ 8000‬ألمانى يقيمون فى‬

‫التعليم األلمانى حتى الصف العاشر‪ .‬كما ستقوم المدرسة األلمانية فى‬

‫دولة اإلمارات العربية المتحدة‪.‬‬

‫أبوظبى بتوسيع مناهجها لتتضمن مرحلة التأهيل لدخول الجامعات‬ ‫األلمانية (شهادة األبيتور)‪.‬‬

‫وقعت ألمانيا ودولة اإلمارات العربية المتحدة إتفاقية النقل الجوى‬ ‫وإتفاقية تجنب اإلزدواج الضريبى كما تم التوقيع على إتفاقية لترويج‬

‫وبتوقيع إتفاقية التعليم العالى بين جامعة ميونيخ التقنية و جامعة‬

‫اإلستثمار وحمايته‪.‬‬

‫أبوظبى‪ ،‬خالل زيارة المستشارة األلمانية أنجيال ميركل لدولة اإلمارات‬ ‫العربية المتحدة فى فبراير ‪ ،2007‬تم التمهيد إلقامة كلية للطب‬

‫تتوفر األعمدة الرئيسية الثالث التي تعمل من أجل تشجيع التبادل‬

‫بدولة اإلمارات العربية المتحدة على غرار كليات الطب األلمانية‪ .‬هذا‬

‫التجاري بين البلدين هى‪:‬‬

‫باإلضافة لمجاالت آخرى للتعاون و تبادل المشاريع بين مدرسة‬

‫المكتب األلمانى للصناعة و التجارة فى دبى و فرع فى أبوظبى‪،‬‬

‫هامبورج لألعمال و جامعة دبى و بين جامعة رويتلينج و جامعة‬

‫ممثل المكتب األلمانى للتجارة الخارجية‪ ،‬و القنصلية العامة‬

‫الشارقة و بين جامعة إيرالنجين‪-‬نورنبيرج و جامعة عجمان‪.‬‬

‫لجمهورية ألمانيا اإلتحادية‪ ،‬و فى أبوظبى سفارة جمهورية ألمانيا‬ ‫اإلتحادية‪ .‬كما يوجد مكتب للمجلس األلمانى للسياحة الوطنية‪ .‬كما‬ ‫تم إفتتاح مكتب لمجتمع فراونهوفر فى دبى‬

‫العالقات الثقافية‬ ‫يعد تطوير العالقات الثقافية هدف آخر من أهداف الشراكة اإلستراتيجية‪.‬‬ ‫تتمتع ألمانيا بسمعة جيدة جدًا فى مجال التدريب خاصة فى علوم‬ ‫الطب و الهندسة‪ .‬و عليه فقد تم اإلتفاق على تبادل عدد أكبر من‬ ‫الطالب الدارسين و هنـاك تعاون ألمانى فى مجال توفير موارد للتعليم‬ ‫المهنى و التقنى‪.‬و قد تم في مايو ‪ 2006‬افتتاح المركز الثقافى‬ ‫األلمانى لمنطقة الخليج و مكتب الهيئة األلمانية للتبادل العلمى فى‬ ‫أبوظبى‪ .‬كما أرسلت كل من المجلة األلمانية األسبوعية „دير شبيجل“‬ ‫و الصحيفة اليومية األلمانية „داس هاندلسبالت“ و محطة التليفزيون‬ ‫األلمانى „دويتشة فيلله“ ممثلين دائمين لهم فى دبى‪ .‬وسيتم إفتتاح‬ ‫مكتب لجريدة الـ „فرانكفورتر ألجيماينا تسايتونج“ فى أبوظبى نهاية‬ ‫عام ‪.2008‬‬

‫‪7‬‬

‫‪8‬‬

‫سفارة جمهورية ألمانيا اإلتحادية ‪ -‬أبو ظبي‬

‫تاريخ‬ ‫جمهورية ألمانيا اإلتحادية‬

‫‪1940‬‬

‫•‬ ‫•‬ ‫ •وضع الدستور – تأسيس جمهورية ألمانيا اإلتحادية (‪23‬‬ ‫•‬ ‫ •خطة مارشال (‪ 5‬يوليو ‪)1947‬‬

‫ •حصار برلين (‪ 24‬يناير ‪ 12 – 1948‬أبريل ‪)1949‬‬

‫مايو ‪ )1949‬و إنتخاب أول برلمان تشريعى „االبوندستاج“‬ ‫(‪ 14‬أغسطس ‪ )1948‬تعيين كونراد آدناور مستشارا إتحاديا‬

‫•‬

‫أللمانيا‬

‫ •تأسيس جمهورية ألمانيا الديمقراطية (‪ 7‬أكتوبر ‪)1949‬‬

‫‪1950‬‬

‫•‬

‫ •تأسيس المجموعة األوروبية للفحم و الحديد و الصلب‬ ‫ • (‪ 18‬أبريل ‪)1951‬‬

‫•‬ ‫•‬

‫ •مظاهرات فى ألمانيا الشرقية (‪ 17‬يونيو ‪)1953‬‬ ‫ •توقيع إتفاقية باريس فى ‪ 23‬أكتوبر ‪ – 1954‬ألمانيا الغربية‬

‫•‬

‫تنضم لإلتحاد األوروبى الغربى و الناتو (‪ 6‬مايو ‪)1955‬‬

‫ •توقيع إتفاقية روما (التجمع اإلقتصادى األوروبى ‪ ECC‬و الـ‬ ‫‪ )EURATOM‬فى ‪ 25‬مارس ‪1957‬‬

‫‪1960‬‬

‫•‬ ‫•‬

‫ •بناء جدار برلين (‪ 13‬أغسطس ‪)1961‬‬ ‫ •توقيعإتفاقيةاإلليزيه(إتفاقيةالصداقةاأللمانيةالفرنسية)‬ ‫ • فى ‪ 22‬يناير ‪1963‬‬

‫•‬ ‫•‬ ‫ •تأسيس الحكومة الفدرالية المكونة من الحزب الديمقراطى‬ ‫•‬ ‫ •ثورة الطالب (معارضة برلمانية غير عادية) ‪1968‬‬

‫ •المعجزة اإلقتصادية من الخمسينات حتى الستينات‬

‫اإلجتماعى األلمانى ‪ SPD‬والحزب الديمقراطى الحر ‪FDP‬‬

‫ •بقيادة فيلى برانت (‪ )SPD‬فى ‪ 21‬أكتوبر ‪1969‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫‪Pumps Valves Systems‬‬ ‫■‬

‫■‬

‫‪1970‬‬

‫•‬

‫ •سياسة جديدة تجاه الشرق بقيادة المستشار فيلى برانت‬

‫•‬ ‫•‬

‫(‪( )SPD‬حامل حائزة نوبل للسالم ‪)1971‬‬ ‫‪Single source RO seawater desalination‬‬

‫ •أزمة البترول (‪ 1973‬و ‪)1979‬‬

‫‪for considerably reduced lifecycle costs‬‬

‫ •‪ 1973‬إنضمام ألمانيا الغربية و جمهورية ألمانيا الديمقراطية‬ ‫ • إلى األمم المتحدة (‪ 18‬سبتمبر ‪)1973‬‬

‫•‬ ‫•‬ ‫ •القرار المزدوج للناتو (حول نشر صواريخ نووية) فى ‪12‬‬ ‫•‬ ‫ •الحركة النسائية‬

‫ •إرهاب „فيصل الجيش األحمر“‬ ‫ •دسمبر ‪1979‬‬

‫‪1980‬‬

‫•‬

‫ •حجب الثقة عن حكومة المستشار شميدت‪ ،‬و إنتخاب‬

‫•‬ ‫•‬

‫هيلموت كول (من حزب اإلتحاد الديمقراطى المسيحى‬ ‫‪ )CDU‬مستشارا فيدراليا (‪ 1‬أكتوبر ‪)1982‬‬

‫ •حركة السالم‪ ،‬تظاهرات ضد إستخدام النووى‪ ،‬الوعى البيئى‬ ‫ •فوز حزب الخضر للمرة األولى بمقاعد فى إنتخابات‬ ‫ • البرلمان (البوندستاج) ‪1983‬‬

‫‪1990‬‬

‫•‬

‫ •سقوط جدار برلين فى ‪ 9‬نوفمبر ‪ 1989‬و عودة ألمانيا‬

‫‪A perfect match on all levels‬‬ ‫‪When it comes to implementing complex projects like a seawater desalination plant, put your trust‬‬ ‫‪in the proven expertise of one of the world’s leading providers of pumps, valves and systems. The‬‬ ‫‪SalTec® System from KSB is a single source solution that exactly integrates all components – from‬‬ ‫‪the SalTec DT pressure exchanger to the HGM-RO high-pressure pump and the RPH-RO booster‬‬ ‫‪pump – ensuring overall life cycle costs stay as low as possible. If you put top priority on high perfor‬‬‫‪mance precision and controlled speciﬁc energy consumption, KSB is your perfect match. www.ksb.ae‬‬

‫‪AD‬‬

‫ • الموحدة فى ‪ 3‬أكتوبر ‪1990‬‬

‫•‬

‫ •قرار البرلمان بنقل مقر الحكومة إلى برلين فى ‪ 20‬يونيو‬ ‫ • ‪( 1991‬ويتم النقل فى ‪)1999‬‬

‫•‬ ‫•‬ ‫ •إنتخابجيرهاردشرودر(منالحزبالديمقراطىاإلجتماعى‬ ‫•‬

‫ •توقيع إتفاقية ماستريخت عن اإلتحاد األوروبى (‪ 7‬فبراير ‪)1992‬‬ ‫إتفاقية شنجن تفتح الحدود (‪ 26‬مارس ‪)1995‬‬

‫األلمانى ‪ )SPD‬مستشارا فدراليا (‪ 27‬أكتوبر ‪)1998‬‬

‫‪HGM-RO‬‬

‫‪2000‬‬

‫•‬ ‫•‬ ‫ •إنتخاب أنجيال ميركل (من حزب اإلتحاد الديمقراطى المسيحى‬ ‫•‬

‫ •اليورو يحتل مكان المارك األلمانى كعملة رسمية (‪ 1‬يناير‪)2002‬‬

‫ •توقيع إتفاقية دستور اإلتحاد األوروبى فى روما (‪ 29‬أكتوبر ‪)2004‬‬

‫•‬

‫‪ )CDU‬مستشارة فيدرالية (‪ 22‬نوفمبر ‪)2005‬‬

‫ •إستضافة ألمانيا لبطولة كأس العالم لكرة القدم (‪ 9‬يونيو –‬ ‫ • ‪ 9‬يوليو ‪)2006‬‬

‫•‬

‫ •العيد الخمسين لإلتحاد األوروبى (‪ 25‬مارس ‪)2007‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬

‫‪RPH-RO‬‬

‫يعتبر مجلس الواليات “البوندسرات” (الذى يمثل الواليات‬ ‫المختلفة) الهيئة الثانية بعد البرلمان “البوندستاج” والذى‬ ‫من مهامه مناقشة كل القوانين اإلتحادية‪.‬ونظرًا لما تم من‬ ‫إصالحات للمذهب اإلتحادى األلمانى تم تقليص نفوذ مجلس‬ ‫الواليات فى عام ‪ 2007‬وذلك للتمكن من ضمان الشفافية فى‬ ‫إتخاذ القرارات الفعالة‪ .‬وفيما يلي األحزاب الممثلة فى البرلمان‬ ‫األلمانى الحالى ورؤسائهم‪:‬‬ ‫‪SPD‬‬ ‫الحزب الديمقراطي االجتماعي األلماني‬ ‫رئيس الحزب‪ :‬كورت بيك‬ ‫‪CDU‬‬ ‫حزب االتحاد الديمقراطي المسيحي‬ ‫رئيسة الحزب‪ :‬أنجيال ميركل‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪CSU‬‬ ‫حزب االتحاد المسيحي االجتماعي‬ ‫رئيس الحزب‪ :‬إرفين هوبر‬ ‫‪FDP‬‬ ‫الحزب الديمقراطي الحر‬ ‫رئيس الحزب‪ :‬غيدو فيسترفيلة‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫بوندنيس ‪/90‬الخضر‬ ‫حزب الخضر‬ ‫بوندنيس ‪/90‬الخضر‬ ‫رئيسا الحزب‪ :‬كالوديا روت‬ ‫وراينهارد بوتيكوفر‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫الحزب اليساري‪PDS‬‬ ‫الحزب اليساري‬ ‫الحزب اليساري‪PDS.‬‬ ‫رئيس الحزب‪ :‬لوتر بيسكي‬

‫تتمتع األحزاب السياسة داخل النظام السياسى األلمانى‬ ‫المتعدد األحزاب بوضع قانونى مميز وكما يتم حمايتها تحت‬ ‫مظلة الدستور من أى قوة إستبدادية‪ .‬كما تتلقى األحزاب‬ ‫دعمًا ماديًا من الحكومة مقابل التكاليف التى تتكبدها أثناء‬ ‫حمالتها اإلنتخابية وال يمكن ألحد منعها من مزاولة نشاطها إال‬ ‫بقرار من المحكمة الدستورية العليا اإلتحادية‪.‬‬ ‫أعضاء البرلمان و نظام اإلنتخاب‪MPs and Electoral System:‬‬

‫يتم إنتخاب أعضاء البرلمان األلمانى „البوندستاج“ من خالل‬ ‫إنتخابات عامة‪ ،‬مباشرة‪ ،‬حرة‪ ،‬عادلة‪ ،‬سرية‪ .‬و يمثل أعضاء‬ ‫البوندستاج كافة أبناء الشعب األلمانى‪ ،‬و ال يلتزمون بأية‬ ‫مهمات أو تعليمات‪ ،‬وبالتالى فإن اإلنسحاب من أى حزب ليس‬ ‫له أى تأثير على المقعد البرلمانى‪ .‬يتم نظام اإلنتخابات فى‬ ‫ألمانيا وفق مبدأ بسيط يعتمد على األشخاص‪ .‬كل من يحق‬ ‫له اإلنتخاب يتمتع بصوتين‪ .‬بالصوت األول يمكن إنتخاب مرشح‬ ‫أحد األحزاب فى الدائرة اإلنتخابية‪ ،‬بينما يكون الصوت الثانى‬ ‫مخصصًا لالئحة أحد األحزاب على مستوى الوالية‪ .‬ويعتبر عدد‬ ‫األصوات „الثانية“ هو األساس فى عدد المقاعد البرلمانية التى‬ ‫يمكن الحصول عليها‪ .‬يحق اإلنتخاب لكل مواطن ألمانى أتم‬ ‫الثامنة عشرة من عمره‪.‬‬ ‫‪Please insert‬‬ ‫‪The 16th German Bundestag (with graph) in arabic‬‬ ‫‪and‬‬ ‫‪Overview of the political System(with graph) in arabic‬‬ ‫القضاء‪Legal System:‬‬

‫تعتبر جمهورية ألمانيا اإلتحادية دولة قانون تعمل على‬ ‫مبدأ سيادة القانون وتقسيم القوة‪ .‬وعليه فإن كل هيئات‬ ‫ومؤسسات الدولة تخضع للدستور كما يكفل الدستور لكل‬ ‫مواطن مبادئ الحقوق األساسية واإلنسانية وتسهر أعلى‬ ‫سلطة قضائية فى البالد على ضمان اإللتزام بهذه المبادئ‬

‫تاريخ‬ ‫جمهورية ألمانيا اإلتحادية‬

‫سفارة جمهورية ألمانيا اإلتحادية ‪ -‬أبو ظبي‬

‫النظام السياسى األلمانى‬

‫الواليات اإلتحادية األلمانية‪:‬‬

‫‪16‬‬

‫بادن فورتمبيرغ‬ ‫العاصمة‪ :‬شتوتغارت‬ ‫السكان‪10693000 :‬‬ ‫المساحة كم‪35751,65 :‬‬ ‫الناتج المحلي اإلجمالي بمليار يورو‪:‬‬ ‫‪319,43‬‬ ‫‪www.baden-wuerttemberg.de‬‬ ‫بايرن‬ ‫العاصمة‪ :‬ميونيخ‬ ‫السكان‪12423000 :‬‬ ‫المساحة كم ‪70549,19 :‬‬ ‫الناتج المحلي اإلجمالي بمليار يورو‪:‬‬ ‫‪385,16‬‬ ‫‪www.bayern.de‬‬ ‫برلين‬ ‫العاصمة‪ :‬برلين‬ ‫السكان‪3388000 :‬‬ ‫المساحة كم‪891,75 :‬‬ ‫الناتج المحلي اإلجمالي بمليار يورو‪:‬‬ ‫‪77,86‬‬ ‫‪www.berlin.de‬‬ ‫براندنبورغ‬ ‫العاصمة‪ :‬بوتسدام‬ ‫السكان‪2575000 :‬‬ ‫المساحة كم‪29477,16 :‬‬ ‫الناتج المحلي اإلجمالي بمليار يورو‬ ‫‪45,02 :‬‬ ‫‪www.brandenburg.de‬‬ ‫بريمن‬ ‫العاصمة‪ :‬بريمن‬ ‫السكان‪663000 :‬‬ ‫المساحة كم‪404,23 :‬‬ ‫الناتج المحلي اإلجمالي بمليار يورو‪:‬‬ ‫‪23,58‬‬ ‫‪www.bremen.de‬‬

‫هامبورغ‬ ‫العاصمة‪ :‬هامبورغ‬ ‫السكان‪1734000 :‬‬ ‫المساحة كم‪755,16 :‬‬ ‫الناتج المحلي اإلجمالي بمليار يورو‪:‬‬ ‫‪78,79‬‬ ‫‪www.hamburg.de‬‬ ‫هيسن‬ ‫العاصمة‪ :‬فيسبادن‬ ‫السكان‪6089000 :‬‬ ‫المساحة كم‪21114,72 :‬‬ ‫الناتج المحلي اإلجمالي بمليار يورو‪:‬‬ ‫‪195,17‬‬ ‫‪www.hessen.de‬‬ ‫مكلنبورغ – فوربومرن‬ ‫العاصمة‪ :‬شفيرين‬ ‫السكان‪ 1732000 :‬المساحة كم‪:‬‬ ‫‪23174,17‬‬ ‫الناتج المحلي اإلجمالي بمليار يورو‪:‬‬ ‫‪29,78‬‬ ‫‪www.mecklenburg-vorpommern.de‬‬ ‫درزاكسن‬ ‫العاصمة‪ :‬هانوفر‬ ‫السكان‪7993000 :‬‬ ‫المساحة كم‪47618,24 :‬‬ ‫الناتج المحلي اإلجمالي بمليار يورو‪:‬‬ ‫‪184,92‬‬ ‫‪www.niedersachsen.de‬‬ ‫نوردراين – فيستفالن‬ ‫العاصمة‪ :‬دوسلدورف‬ ‫السكان‪18080000 :‬‬ ‫المساحة كم‪34083,52 :‬‬ ‫الناتج المحلي اإلجمالي بمليار يورو‪:‬‬ ‫‪481,42‬‬ ‫‪www.nordrhein-westfalen.de‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬