Key Takeaways

KEY TAKEAWAYS

• DNA replication involves making a copy of DNA that will be passed to daughter cells. There are a number of enzymes required. • Transcription involves the making of messenger RNA from a DNA template, involving RNA polymerase and other enzymes. • Transcription takes place in the ribosomes and involves the taking of the genetic code, turning the code into a specific polypeptide chain. • In prokaryotes, transcription and translation happens at the same time and in roughly the same place. • Gene regulation is different between eukaryotes and prokaryotes. The best studied operons in microbiology are the lac operon and the trp operon. • Genetic diversity can happen with transduction, transposition, conjugation, and transformation. Transposition can happen in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.