Quiz

QUIZ

1. The decrease in a response because of exposure to a repeated stimulus is called what?

a. Sensitization b. Habituation c. Extinction d. Active learning

Answer: b. With habituation, there is a decrease in a response because of repeated exposure to a stimulus. This is seen when there is a decrease in agitation from birds exposed to a stuffed owl that is less likely seen as an actual predator bird.

2. What type of learning is involved in student-centered learning?

a. Active learning b. Passive learning c. Associative learning d. Non-associative learning

Answer: a. Active learning is considered to be what s involved in student-centered learning, in which students participate in the process and have an incentive to learn something.

3. What type of learning is most associated with the learning of facts but not their meaning?

a. Rote learning b. Electronic learning c. Associative learning d. Integrative learning

Answer: a. With rote learning, used in mathematics and language acquisition, there is the learning of facts through memorization but the meaning behind the facts is not necessarily acquired this way.

4. What type of learning involves digging deeper into a topic that the student already enjoys but wants to learn more about?

a. Incidental learning b. Dialogic learning c. Tangential learning d. Associative learning

Answer: c. With tangential learning, there is an offshoot of something the person already enjoys or something that entices them to dig more deeply into related subjects regarding their interests.

5. Who or what was the subject of much of Pavlov’s work on classical conditioning?

a. Dogs b. Rats c. Monkeys d. Children

Answer: a. Pavlov performed many of his experiments on dogs, who were trained to salivate by associating feeding with an unrelated stimulus.

6. In Pavlov’s experience, what is not considered a conditioned stimulus?

a. Light being turned on b. Food being presented c. An empty bowl d. The sound of a bell

Answer: b. Each of these can be considered a conditioned stimulus because they are relatively neutral and are not causative of a natural reflex. Only the presentation or taste of food is an unconditioned stimulus.

7. What is the main different between classical and operant conditioning?

a. Classical conditioning is faster at changing behavior than operant conditioning. b. Classical conditioning involves animals, while operant conditioning involves animals or people. c. The timing of the conditioned stimulus is different between classical and operant conditioning. d. There is pairing of a stimulus and a response only with classical conditioning.

Answer: c. With classical conditioning, the conditioned stimulus happens before the behavior, while with operant conditioning, the conditioned stimulus is given after the behavior.

8. Which animal did Skinner use along with a disc that could be touched in order to get a food reward?

a. Rat b. Monkey c. Dog d. Pigeon

Answer: d. The pigeons used a disc that they pecked in order to receive a specific food reward.

9. What is an example of a secondary rather than a primary reinforcer in operant conditioning?

a. Food b. Sleep c. Money d. Shelter

Answer: c. Money is a secondary reinforcer rather than a primary reinforcer because it has no inherent value except that it can be attached to a primary reinforcer to give it some value.

10. What is considered the most effective way of shaping behavior?

a. Positive reinforcement b. Negative reinforcement c. Positive punishment d. Negative punishment

Answer: a. Positive reinforcement is considered the most effective way to shape behavior because it is more efficient and has fewer adverse effects.