Figure 3: How to tilt the head back and lift the jaw for mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
CONTROLLING BLEEDING When taking care of a person who is bleeding, you should first apply direct pressure to the bleeding site with a clean cloth or gauze. Elevate the site so that it is above the level of the heart. After the bleeding is well-controlled, you need to wash it with a disinfectant and put on a bandage dressing. The goal is to stop bleeding and keep the wound clean while you await help.
FRACTURE AND DISLOCATION CARE Fractures can be “open” or “closed.” Figure 4 in your guide shows you what these fractures look like. An open fracture is when you can see the bone or when there is a break in the skin over the injured site. Look for pain, possible deformity, and an inability to use a particular joint or extremity. You may also feel a grating sensation or sound over the fracture site. If you don’t know if it’s fractured, treat it as a fracture anyway. Splint the arm or leg to include the joints
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