Key Takeaways

Figure 3: How to tilt the head back and lift the jaw for mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.

When taking care of a person who is bleeding, you should first apply direct pressure to the

bleeding site with a clean cloth or gauze. Elevate the site so that it is above the level of the

heart. After the bleeding is well-controlled, you need to wash it with a disinfectant and put on a

bandage dressing. The goal is to stop bleeding and keep the wound clean while you await help.

Fractures can be “open” or “closed.” Figure 4 in your guide shows you what these fractures

look like. An open fracture is when you can see the bone or when there is a break in the skin

over the injured site. Look for pain, possible deformity, and an inability to use a particular joint

or extremity. You may also feel a grating sensation or sound over the fracture site. If you don’t

know if it’s fractured, treat it as a fracture anyway. Splint the arm or leg to include the joints