Alcohols

-enyne suffix. The branching nomenclature is done so that the parent chain is the longest chain that contains the most double and triple bonds. If there is still something unclear, the parent chain gets a numbering system that gives the side groups the lowest number at the first point of reference.

Some examples are listed in Figure 21:

ALCOHOLS

Figure 21.

Alcohols stem from alkanes but have an OH attached to them. This turns the methane molecule to the methanol molecule. The ane ending becomes “anol”. If there is more than one hydroxyl group, it is called an anediol or anetriol, etc. This would lead to an example of 1,3,4-octanetriol, which would be octanol that has three OH groups added to it.

In naming the alcohol, the hydroxyl group takes precedence over alkyl groups, halogen side groups, and double bonds in the numbering process. The presence of a double bond takes the -ene from the double bond and the OH from the alcohol to make an enol. The location of the side groups is placed between the en and the -ol. This would lead to a molecule called penten-1-ol. The hydroxyl takes priority in the numbering of the parent chain. The choice of number is given so that the lowest number is given to the first side chain. Figure 22 shows a few examples of alcohols: