Quiz

QUIZ

1. You are naming a compound that has a number of side chains. Which side chain takes the lowest number?

a. CHO b. OH c. CH3 d. Br

Answer: a. The alcohol should be given the lowest possible number unless the side chain is an aldehyde or CHO, which takes priority over the rest of these and would be carbon number 1.

2. What is the basic formula for a tertiary alcohol?

a. RCH(OH)2 b. R(OH)3 c. R3OH d. R2CHOH

Answer: c. A tertiary alcohol has three R side chains attached to a carbon atom that has an OH also attached to it.

3. Which alcohol is acidic enough that it will form a salt when mixed with a strong base?

a. Isopropyl alcohol b. Sec-butanol c. Phenol d. Methanol

4. Answer: c. Phenol is a mild acid that, when mixed with a strong base like sodium hydroxide, will form a sodium-phenol salt.

a. Which alcohol is a good antiseptic for mouthwashes? b. Methanol c. 4-hexyl-resorcinol d. Phenol e. Sec-butyl alcohol

Answer: b. 4-hexyl-resorcinol is a phenol-based di-alcohol with a 4hexyl group. The other alcohols are considered unsafe; however, 4hexyl-resorcinol is a good and safe antiseptic used in mouthwashes and throat lozenges.

5. In making an alcohol from scratch, what is the best substrate to use in the hydration process that makes an alcohol?

a. Alkane b. Alkene c. Aldehyde d. Ketone

Answer: b. Alkenes can be hydrated to make alcohols, using sulfuric acid as a catalyst for the hydration process.

6. When a primary alcohol is oxidized, what is the initial molecule made through the oxidation process?

a. Aldehyde b. Glycol c. Ketone d. Ether

Answer: a. The oxidation of an alcohol like CH3CH2OH first leads to an aldehyde like CH3CH2CHO. Further oxidation is possible to make a carboxylic acid.

7. What is the reactivity of alcohols to strong bases and strong acids?

a. They will react with strong acids but not strong bases. b. They will react with strong bases but not strong acids. c. They will react poorly with both strong acids and bases. d. They will react with either strong acids or strong bases.

Answer: d. Because alcohols are amphoteric molecules, they will react with strong acids and strong bases (acting as weak acids or weak bases themselves).

8. When a secondary alkene is made from the dehydration of alcohols, there are

“preferences” for what happens in the reaction. Which type of alkene is most preferred?

a. Substituted trans alkene b. Non-substituted cis alkene c. Substituted cis alkene d. Non-substituted trans alkene

Answer: a. The preference because of stability is for a substituted trans alkene. These are more stable than substituted cis alkenes and nonsubstituted alkenes.

9. The halogenated alkane will have an increased boiling point when compared to the non-halogenated alkane. Which halogen has the greatest effect on the boiling point of the alkane when it halogenates it?

a. Bromine b. Iodine c. Fluorine d. Chlorine

Answer: b. There will be an increased molecular size (meaning increased London dispersion forces) and increased dipole moment on the bond with iodine when it attaches to an alkane, making the boiling

point of the iodinated alkane the greatest when compared to the other halogens.

10. Which halogenated alkane is considered the most thermodynamically and chemically stable?

a. Brominated alkane b. Iodinated alkane c. Fluorinated alkane d. Chlorinated alkane

Answer: c. The fluorine-carbon bond has the greatest strength, leading to fluorinated alkanes being the most stable molecule.