THE POPULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPOTTED TAILED QUOLL (Dasyurus maculatus gracilis) IN THE CAIRNS REGIONAL COUNCIL AREA Luke Jackson, Alberto Vale Australian Quoll Conservancy PO BOX 510, Smithfield Qld 4878, Australia
Abstract
The Spotted-tailed Quoll Dasyurus maculatus gracilis - is found only in the wet tropics of North Queensland (Nth Qld). Limited studies have been undertaken on the population and distribution of this animal. The most comprehensive study was undertaken 15 years ago by Dr Scott Burnett as a PhD study that applied across the whole wet tropics, not just the CRC area. No individual studies on the population and distribution of STQs specifically in the CRC area have ever been undertaken. This report determines that there are existing stable populations in two locations and likely populations at lower densities in other locations as well as linking corridors which STQs use. The report recommends further targeted studies over a longer period in certain areas, as well as pest management and protection of corridors. It is recommended that the AQC undertakes this work in collaboration with rangers from the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service (QPWS).
Introduction The Spotted Tailed Quoll (Dasyurus maculatus maculatus and Dasyurus maculatus gracilis) is the largest carnivorous marsupial found on the Australian mainland and is the second largest extant carnivorous Australian marsupial after the Tasmanian Devil. It is found in coastal areas and on the Great Dividing Range in South East QLD, NSW, and Victoria. It is also found across Tasmania and there is a small isolated population – a subspecies (Dasyurus maculatus gracilis) - in North Queensland’s Wet Tropics. 1
The STQ is a true carnivore, feeding only on prey that it has killed or through opportunistic scavenging of carrion and other meat. Like many Australian animals, its range and population has contracted considerably since European settlement. In large areas of its former range, it has become extinct - particularly in parts of Victoria, New South Wales and Queensland. This is largely due to habitat destruction, long term persecution by humans, introduced predators, road kill and the spread of cane toads. In North Queensland, the subspecies gracilis was historically found from the Paluma Range near Townsville to the Mt Finnigan area located south of Cooktown (Burnett, 2001). The animal was historically found in both lowland coastal rainforest and the high peaks, tablelands, ridges, valleys and lower slopes of the Great Dividing Range. Since European settlement of the area, the range and population of the STQ has greatly contracted. Because of this, the STQ is now listed federally and in QLD as endangered. Limited studies of this subspecies and its decline existed until Dr Scott Burnett completed the most significant body of work to date for his PhD titled “Ecology and Conservation Status of the northern Spot tailed Quoll, Dasyurus maculatus gracilis�. After many years of research throughout the 1990s, this comprehensive body of work was completed in December 2001. This study provided significant evidence with respect to the decline of the STQ in the region. It also provided a maximum population abundance estimate of 538 animals that were distributed across several fractured and isolated colonies in the Wet Tropics (Burnett, 2001). Almost 15 years has elapsed since this study was completed. In this time, limited research has been undertaken to determine the current population and distribution of the STQ in the region. Dr Scott Burnett, Luke Jackson/Glenn Kvassay (formerly of the Far North Quoll Seekers Network) and Luke Jackson/Alberto Vale (Australian Quoll Conservancy) have undertaken various targeted surveys for STQs in this time. Other organisations known to have sighted STQs through various studies include the QPWS, James Cook University (JCU) and University of the Sunshine Coast (USC). The AQC is a not for profit conservation organisation dedicated to the long term survival of quolls across Australia, protection of quoll habitat and associated biodiversity. The AQC identified a need to undertake a current study of the population and distribution of the STQ in North Queensland. A current study is needed given the time elapsed since the last study and the potential raft of changes and impacts which may have occurred in the intervening years - such as climate change, increased impacts from higher human population, introduced pests and habitat alteration. Determining the current population and distribution of the STQ will assist in determining necessary actions to ensure the long term survival of the species. To undertake studies of STQs - which are difficult to find due to low densities and nocturnal behaviour - remote sensor cameras are placed in quoll habitat. The cameras take images of the animals which assist in determining the current distribution and density of the species. The AQC requires such cameras to undertake a study of this species in the Cairns Regional Council (CRC) area and applied for a community sustainability grant being offered by CRC in April/May 2015. The AQC was awarded a grant of $2,600 for the purchase of remote sensor cameras to undertake a study of the population and distribution of STQs within the CRC area. This report documents the methodology used, the results of the study, provides population and distribution information and provides recommendations to ensure the future survival of STQs in the CRC area. This body of work is provided to acquit and complete the requirements of the grant provided to the AQC by CRC. 2
THE STUDY AREA The CRC local government area is 1687km2 and is located on a narrow coastal strip between the Great Dividing Range and the Coral Sea. It extends from the Eubenangee Swamp (near Mirriwinni) in the south to the Macalister Range (near Ellis Beach) in the north (CRC webpage) - shown in Figures 1 and 2. The region is part of Australia's Wet Tropics and is framed by the lush World Heritage listed Wet Tropics rainforest to the west and north and the Coral Sea and World Heritage listed Great Barrier Reef Marine Park to the east (shown Figure 2, p.4). Approximately half of the CRC area is contained in either park owned or under trustee of CRC or is within the National Park, State Forest and World Heritage Wet Tropics Area. National Parks within the bounds of the CRC area include Wooroonooran, Dinden, Barron Gorge, Little Mulgrave, Kuranda and Gadgarra National Parks (shown Figure 1 below). For this project, the study area was confined to the National Parks/World Heritage Wet Tropics Area within CRC boundaries (shown Figure 2, p.4). FIGURE 1: LOCATION OF NATIONAL PARKS WITHIN CRC BOUNDARY
Source: QPWS
3
FIGURE 2: MAP SHOWING CRC BOUNDARIES AND EXTENT OF NATIONAL PARKS AND WET TROPICS WORLD HERITAGE AREA
Source: CRC Biodiversity Strategy 2012 – 2022 4
CONTENTS 1 ABSTRACT
P1
2 LIST OF FIGURES, TABLES AND APPENDICES
P5
3 INTRODUCTION
P 1-2
4 THE STUDY AREA
P 3-4
5 Â METHODOLOGY
P 6-9
6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
P 10-21
7 RECOMMENDATIONS
P 22-25
8 REFERENCES & ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 9 APPENDICES
P 26 P 27-50
LIST OF FIGURES, TABLES & APPENDICES List of Figures Figure 1: Location of National Parks within CRC Boundary..............................P.3 Figure 2: Map Showing CRC Boundaries and Extent of National Parks And Wet Tropics World Heritage Area................................................P.4 Figure 3: Map of Approximate Locations of Areas Surveyed in CRC..............P.7 Figure 4: Image of Deployed Motion Sensor Camera........................................P.8 Figure 5: Distribution of Spotted Tailed Quolls in the CRC Area.....................P.21 List of Tables Table 1: CRC Spotted Tailed Quoll Camera Survey Location & Dates............ P.9 Table 2: Summary of Results of Survey for Spotted Tailed Quolls in CRC.... P.10 Table 3: Targeted Research for Spotted Tailed Quolls by FNQSN and AQC in CRC Area Prior to this Study............................................P.19 Table 4: Number of all Recorded Sightings of Spotted Tailed Quolls in the CRC Area (As Summarised from Appendix 2).........................P.20 Table 5: Summary of Recommendations...........................................................P.25 Appendices Appendix 1: Maps of survey locations for this study..............................................P.28 - 41 Appendix 2: Known Records of Spotted Tailed Quolls in the CRC Area..............P.42 - 47 Appendix 3: Maps of Locations of Sightings of STQs in CRC Area........................P.48 - 50
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METHODOLOGY Quolls have historically been surveyed using a variety of methods, including live trapping, hair tube samples, scat collection, foot print identification and remote sensor cameras. Whilst most of these methods are still used today to collect data about wildlife, remote sensor cameras have become one of the most popular methods used by scientists, naturalists and researchers. As part of CRC’s community sustainability grants programme, the AQC was awarded $2,600 towards the purchase of motion sensor cameras to enable the survey to be conducted. This enabled the purchase of ten cameras. Whilst the AQC had a small number of cameras, to undertake comprehensive, accurate and meaningful surveys, at least ten cameras were required. The cameras chosen were able to take colour photos, infrared images and video both day and night. As quolls are active both day and night, cameras with these features were necessary. Because STQs have large territories ranging between a minimum of 500ha (females) and over 1,000ha (males), cameras need to be deployed between 500m and 1km apart. Cameras are spread out over a large area to in attempt to ascertain data on the animals. Generally, a minimum of five cameras are needed for an effective survey, depending on habitat availability (in some instances, only a few cameras are used – particularly in narrow corridors or where access is restricted). The AQC has a range of permits that allow the proposed survey to be undertaken. Specifically, the AQC has a scientific purposes permit from the Department of Environment and Heritage Protection (Permit # WITK16516115). This permit allows the AQC to use remote sensor cameras to photograph quolls in certain National Parks in the Wet Tropics. It is noted that Barron Gorge National Park, Dinden National Park, Gadgarra National Park and Wooroonooran National Park are listed as areas where the AQC is permitted to undertake surveys. The AQC also has an Animal Ethics Approval from JCU.
After being awarded the grant from CRC, the AQC ordered ten “BestGuarder” Model SG-990V cameras. As soon as the cameras were received, research began. Prior to undertaking the survey, the AQC needed to undertake research with respect to the quolls preferred habitat, historic distribution and sightings data. A range of information was sourced to obtain this information, in particular Dr Scott Burnett’s PhD and existing sightings data held by the AQC. Assessment of such data, added to our own existing comprehensive knowledge of the species, resulted in the development of a camera survey area plan (see Figure 3 on the following page). The surveys were focused on higher altitude rainforest (above 900m) to improve chances of collecting animals (studies by Scott Burnett show that STQs survive in higher densities at higher altitudes than at lower altitudes). However, lowlands where STQs can be found were also surveyed. Our own research and historic data shows that STQs have been recorded at the following locations within or on the periphery of the CRC area: The Barron Gorge National Park, on the road to Lake Morris, at various sites around Lake Morris, at Lambs Head/Kahlpahlim Rock, arts of Davies Creek, Goldfields Trail/Goldsborough Valley, Gillies Highway, Mt Bartle Frere (summit to ramparts and base of mountain), • Bellenden Ker Range (summit to ramparts and base of mountain). The AQC set out to survey these places to verify if populations still survived in them. • • • • • • • •
6
FIGURE 3: MAP OF APPROXIMATE LOCATIONS OF AREAS SURVEYED IN CRC
Yellow pins indicate general location of study sites (excepting Cairns). Source: Google Maps
7
The AQC set out an ambitious timetable to study all of these areas within the 12 month time available for the study. Camera surveys for quolls take a considerable length of time due to the process needed to improve the chances of capturing animals on the cameras. Whilst STQs have an extremely sensitive sense of smell, they may not be in the immediate vicinity of where a camera and bait is set up. Hence it can often take them many days and sometimes up to a week and a half before they reach a camera site. For these reasons, cameras are generally deployed for 2 weeks at a time. The method used to prepare a camera survey site is as follows: • Chicken carcasses (preferably several days old to increase odour) are placed in a pre-made Kvassay Bag (i.e. a lattice framed bag which holds the chicken, but reduces an animal’s ability to take the chicken) and are either attached to a tree with a strap/zip tags or are tied inside of a cage trap which is secured so that it is open only and can’t close (this method is only used in areas of high pig and dingo infestation to reduce the likelihood of the bait being eaten in the first few days), • A remote sensor camera is placed opposite the bait & tied to a tree (shown Figure 4 below), • The camera is usually set 2m away from the bait to ensure sufficient space to capture a range of animals, • Cameras are collected approximately 2 weeks after deployment, and • Images, times, dates and GPS co-ordinates are collated and downloaded into a data base. Upon delivery of the cameras, the AQC began deploying the cameras at the chosen study sites (see Table 1 following). Due to access difficulties in many cases, cameras were generally deployed on a month by month basis as follows. Cameras were generally spaced between 500m and 1km apart depending on location.
FIGURE 4: IMAGE OF DEPLOYED MOTION SENSOR CAMERA
Source: Alberto Vale, AQC 8
TABLE 1: CRC SPOTTED TAILED QUOLL CAMERA SURVEY LOCATION AND DATES Location
Date
Number of Cameras Deployed
Method of Access
Gillies Range
July 2015
3
Motor Vehicle
Lake Morris
Aug/Sept 2015
10
Motorised boat
Lambs Head & Kahlpahlim Rock
Sept/Oct 2015
7
Foot (13km)
Varch Trail (Mt Edith to Davies Creek)
Nov/Dec 2015
5
Foot (9km)
Mt Bartle Frere
December 2015
6
Foot (14km)
Goldfields Trail
February 2016
9
Motor Vehicle
Barron Gorge National Park (Yalbogie Track)
March 2016
3
Foot (8km)
Bellenden Ker
April 2016
9
Cable Way and Foot (4km)
It is acknowledged and noted that because STQs live in remote areas that are largely inaccessible, some cameras deployed for the study were actually either on the periphery of or marginally outside of the CRC boundary. This is the case for the Gillies Range Study and the Barron Gorge National Park Study. Given the proximity of some of the locations to the CRC boundary (i.e. within a maximum of 500m), it is considered that results obtained in these areas will be a good indication of potential animals in the CRC area. Some natural areas within CRC were not chosen as part of this study due to a combination of factors including unsuitable habitat, lower altitude, significant human modification of the environment, lack of available access and lack of previous records (e.g. Yarrabah Area, Macalister Range, Grey Peaks National Park, Russell River National Park and Eubenangee Swamp). It is noted that AQC used its own cameras for the Gillies Range study as the 10 cameras ordered were not received until August 2015.
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RESULTS & DISCUSSION Results of Current Study Targeted camera surveys were conducted over 8 different sites for this study. The results of the surveys for each location are discussed below. The location, method of access and method used for detecting quolls has been explained in the Methodology Section of this report. Mapping indicating the location of cameras as well as images of animal species found at each site is provided at Appendix 1. Mapping indicating the location of each of the study areas is provided in Figure 3 on page 7. Mapping showing the location of all sightings in the CRC area is provided at Appendix 3. A summary of the results of this study are provided in the table below. This is followed by a more detailed analysis of the results of each study.
TABLE 2: SUMMARY OF RESULTS OF SURVEY FOR STQS IN CRC
Location
# of Cameras Deployed
Total Camera Hours
# of STQs
Total Kms Walked
Total Human Hours
Gillies Range
3
1,008
0
0
16
Lake Morris
10
3,360
0
0
32
Lambs Head
7
2,352
0
26
24
Varch Trail
5
1,680
0
36
44
Mt Bartle Frere
6
2,016
2
56
36
Goldfields Trail
9
3,024
0
0
30
Yalbogie Track
3
1,008
0
40
35
Bellenden Ker
9
3,304
3
16
30
TOTAL
52
17,752
5
174
247*
* All human hours were volunteered.
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Gillies Range (Gadgarra National Park) Survey Date
16 July 2015 to 30 July 2015
Access Method
Motor Vehicle
Researcher
Alberto Vale
Site Description
Undulating terrain and east facing slope of range. Rainforest vegetation in upper areas, open eucalypt woodland at lower altitudes. Altitude for study varies between 450m and 700m
Current Survey Findings
0 STQs
Total Camera Trapping Hours
3 Cameras - 1,008 hours
Historic Records within CRC
4 sightings between 2007 & 2016
Discussion: The Gillies Highway has been a location where consistent sightings of STQs have been made in the past few years, including very recently. The highway is located approximately midway between two existing quoll populations, i.e. the Lamb Range population and the Mt Bellenden Ker/Mt Bartle Frere populations. There is a protected and intact corridor linking the two populations and this is potentially an important genetic link for quolls which may be roaming (particularly males) between the populations. It is recommended that more intensive surveying occur in this area and areas along the corridor to determine if quolls are either using it as a connector between populations or if they permanently reside in the corridor. It is noted that the corridor has a length of 20km and ranges in width from 2km to 5km
11
Lake Morris (Dinden National Park) Survey Date
28 Aug 2015 – 12 Sept 2015
Access Method
Boat
Researcher
Alberto Vale & Luke Jackson
Site Description
Rainforest habitat that is part of the watershed of the Lamb Range. Altitude for survey varies between 408m and 425m. Survey of lake perimeter.
Current Survey Findings
0 STQs. Cassowary Photographed
Total Camera Trapping Hours
10 Cameras - 3,360 hours
Historic Records within CRC
2 sightings (1989 & 1993). Verbal advice from caretakers that JCU found STQ in a study they did in the 2000s on the southern edge of the lake. AQC unable to obtain this record from JCU.
Discussion: Lake Morris is an important protected water catchment and natural area. The entire lake and surrounding catchment are within the CRC boundary. To the south and east of the Lake are vast areas of rainforest, including high altitude rainforest, contained within the Lamb Range. Lambs Head at an altitude of 1316m is located 4km from the southern shore of the lake. Historic sightings indicate the former presence of STQs in this area. There are no recent sightings (i.e. the past 10 years) of STQs in the area, including our targeted survey. It is noted that the altitude around the lake is largely relatively low and the habitat is highly impacted by pig activity. It is considered that STQs may persist in the area, albeit in low numbers and potentially only wandering males. Further longer term research into this area is required to ascertain the presence of a permanent or transient population.
12
Lambs Head (Dinden National Park) Survey Date
Survey Date27 Sept 2015 – 10 Oct 2015
Access Method
Foot (13km x 2 trips)
Researcher
Luke Jackson
Site Description
One of the highest peaks on the Lamb Range at 1316m altitude. Lambs head and environs exhibit a reasonably large area (approx. 12 sq/km) of high altitude rainforest found across a ridge that is largely above 1,000m elevation. The site contains a ridge with protruding outcrops and very steep sided ridge walls leading down to flatter valleys to the south and north (Lake Morris).
Current Survey Findings
0 STQs
Total Camera Trapping Hours
7 Cameras – 2,352 hours
Historic Records within CRC
2 Sightings (1995 & 2000). Note these sightings were not at the summit but between the summit and the start of the walking trail. Scats seen at summit in the past 5 years.
Discussion: Lambs Head is the central point in a vast area of protected rainforest in all directions. It is part of a large complex of high altitude rainforests (i.e. above 1,000m) found on the Lamb Range and contained in the Dinden, Davies Creek and Danbulla National Parks. It is also linked to the Bellenden Ker Range and Bartle Frere Massif via a rainforest corridor forming an important STQ habitat. The area to the east, south and partially to the south west of Lambs Head is contained within the CRC boundaries. There are current populations of STQs surviving further to the west in the Lamb Range. There is also a recent sighting of an STQ to the south east at Little Mulgrave. There are multiple historic sightings in other parts of the Lamb Range outside of the CRC area. This area is an important habitat for STQs with historic data and current populations indicating the presence of the species within the Lamb Range. Despite no STQs being found in this study, the AQC has confidence that the animals persist in the area and recommend further longer term studies to identify densities, potential threats and actions to mitigate threats. Dog scats were found at the summit of Lambs Head. A report has been received also of Cat scats at the summit.
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Varch Trail (Mt Edith to Davies Creek – Dinden National Park)
Survey Date
21 Nov 2015 – 5 Dev 2015
Access Method
Foot (9km x 2 trips)
Researcher
Alberto Vale & Luke Jackson
Site Description
Mt Edith is one of the highest peaks on the Lamb Range whilst Davies Creek is one of the main water courses flowing from the area. The area contains a variety of rainforest and other vegetation types and is a large continuous and intact area.
Current Survey Findings
0 STQs
Total Camera Trapping Hours
5 Cameras – 1,680 hours
Historic Records within CRC
1 (unknown date – Mt Edith). Researchers have indicated that Mt Edith was a known latrine site in the past. Recent camera surveys have failed to detect animals at this location.
Discussion: The area between Mt Edith and Davies Creek contains several creeks, a variety of altitudes between 1,200m and 850m, an undulating terrain punctured by high peaks (e.g. Mt Coobaingalgi) and a range of forest types with rainforest being the dominant type. The area links the vast forests to the east towards Lambs Head, the south, and the west. A foot track links the Mt Edith Area to the terminus of the road at Davies Creek. A vast area to the east of Mt Edith is contained within CRC boundaries. Access to this area is available from both ends by vehicle (i.e. Davies Creek Road and Mt Edith Road). The Mt Edith side is accessible to Lake Tinaroo and hence is often used for recreational pursuits, particularly during holiday periods. There are many records of STQs on the Mt Edith road from the past 30 years (mostly outside of the CRC area), however there have been no recorded sightings in recent times. The impact of increased usage of the road may be a factor in this. Longer term research into this area is required to determine current population trends and ascertain the potential impact of the road upon quoll populations. The AQC proposes to work with WTMA and QPWS to manage the road in various ways to mitigate the potential impact of the road on quoll populations. Additional longer term survey work to determine populations in this area are also required.
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Mt Bartle Frere (Wooroonooran National Park) Survey Date
6 Dec 2015 – 20 Dec 2015
Access Method
Foot (14km x 2 trips)
Researcher
Luke Jackson, Dan Walton and Leon Doutre
Site Description
Mount Bartle Frere is the highest mountain in QLD at an elevation of 1,622 metres. It experiences extremely high rainfall and contains a large area of cloud rainforest. It is located within a vast complex of rainforest running from the Lamb Range to the Misty Mountains and the Atherton Tablelands.
Current Survey Findings
2 STQs
Total Camera Trapping Hours
6 Cameras – 2,016 hours
Historic Records within CRC
11 (1975 to present).
Discussion: The Mt Bartle Frere Massif is a dominant feature in the landscape and encompasses a large area of intact high altitude rainforest, largely only accessible by foot. This area has undergone very limited invasive or adverse impact as a result of European settlement. It’s high altitude and associated high biodiversity added to its long term protection within a National Park has led to the persistence of a seemingly secure population of healthy STQs. The eastern side of Mt Bartle Frere is contained within the CRC boundaries. STQs have been found from the rainforest fringe at the base of the mountain to the highest peaks as well as the western side of the mountain outside CRC. Given the number of sightings in this area, its remoteness and significant intact forests, it is considered the area is of high importance to the long term survival of the species. Notwithstanding this, the survey revealed that large cane toads (Rhinella marina) were present on the walking track on the eastern side of Mt Bartle Frere up to an altitude of 1,100m. Cats (Felis catus) were also found between 500m and 900m. It is therefore recommended that pest management at some level needs to occur, particularly with respect to the cats. The rangers have been alerted to both of these issues and AQC will continue to discuss how best to manage these threats and assist with necessary actions to eradicate these species.
15
Goldsborough Valley/Goldfields Trail (Wooroonooran National Park) Survey Date
7 Feb 2016 – 21 Feb 2016
Access Method
Motor Vehicle
Researcher
Alberto Vale, Luke Jackson & Dan Fitzpatrick
Site Description
The Goldfields trail runs from the camping facility in the Goldsborough Valley near Kearneys Falls to the Babinda Boulders. The trail for the most either runs adjacent to the Mulgrave River or the Babinda Creek. The area surveyed lies in a valley between the Bellenden Ker Range and the Atherton Tableland from the camping area near to the main weir. The area contains dense low land forest. Historically the area was very active with goldfields operating in the area and the accompanying impact from human settlement and mining in the area. The rainforest has returned and little evidence of the former gold diggings remains.
Current Survey Findings
0 STQs
Total Camera Trapping Hours
9 Cameras - 3,024 hours
Historic Records within CRC
None – however verbal records of at least two animals in recent times from the ranger.
Discussion: The Goldfields Trail is a relatively low altitude area varying in height between 100m – 300m. The trail is flanked to the north and east by the Bellenden Ker Range, to the south by the Bartle Frere Massif and to the west by the Atherton Tablelands. This area is extremely significant in terms of its importance as a corridor between the existing Mt Bartle Frere, Bellenden Ker and Lamb Range populations. It may also harbour permanent STQ populations, albeit they are likely to be in low densities. Despite the study and previous records failing to indicate the presence of STQs in the area, the ranger has confirmed recent sightings. This proves that animals are either permanently occupying or moving through the area. Given the significance of this area as a corridor or potential habitat for permanently residing quolls, further long term studies are recommended here.
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Speewah – Yalbogie Track (Barron Gorge National Park) Survey Date
5 March 2016 – 19 March
Access Method
Foot (8km x 2 trips)
Researcher
Luke Jackson, Alberto Vale, Leon Doutre and Amelia Wenger
Site Description
The track follows intact rainforest that has been protected in the national park for decades. For this reason, the forest structure includes many mature trees. A range of walking trails cross the area. The area connects to the Lamb Range to the north and varies in altitude between 420m and 500m.
Current Survey Findings
0 STQs
Total Camera Trapping Hours
3 Cameras – 1,008 hours.
Historic Records within CRC
0 (However 4 sightings in the park outside of the CRC area)
Discussion: Historic sightings of STQs in the park but outside the CRC area indicate at least the former presence of STQs in the area. The area is linked to the Lamb Range and Hence Bellenden Ker/Bartle Frere complexes to the south. There is therefore potential for roaming males to enter the area. The Baron Gorge and River to the north and the settled areas to the west and east of the park act as significant barriers to the dispersal of animals outside of the area. The area of rainforest presently in and outside of the park has a width of 5km – 6km running north to south. It is likely that this area, at least prior to European settlement acted as a corridor or potentially held a small STQ population. Given the relatively low altitude of the park, the potential threats to quolls from surrounding settlement and roads, the limited area of suitable habitat available and the significant current barriers surrounding the site, it is considered that the area is unlikely to have a permanent population of STQs and that previous sightings are likely to be wandering males. Given this, it is not recommended to undertake further studies in this area or undertake actions to mitigate threats.
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Mt Bellenden Ker (Wooroonooran National Park) Survey Date
15 April 2016 – 29 April 2016
Access Method
Cable Way & Foot (4km x 2 trips)
Researcher
Alberto Vale, Lochie West, Luke Jackson and Dan Walton
Site Description
High altitude and well protected ridge/range containing the 2nd highest mountain in Qld with an intact and previously untouched cloud forest.
Current Survey Findings
3 STQs
Total Camera Trapping Hours
9 Cameras (3 x 4 days + 5 x 14 days) – 3,304 hours
Historic Records within CRC
25
Discussion: Mt Bellenden Ker is the central point of a large and highly intact complex of high altitude rainforest with large tracts of land above 1,000m. Historically, it is the location where the most number of STQs have been seen and on a regular basis. This area is clearly a significant area, like Mt Bartle Frere, in terms of providing secure habitat for STQs. The site is largely inaccessible to the general public, baring the fittest of walkers. It is recommended that occasional ongoing monitoring of the area continue to verify ongoing presence of the animals and any potential threats if they occur (e.g. cats). It is important to remain vigilant in these areas, particularly with respect to pest management.
Records and Distribution of Spotted Tailed Quolls in CRC An individual study of the population and distribution of STQs specifically targeted in the CRC area has never been undertaken. However, previous studies have been undertaken in various locations in CRC. Some of these studies are listed below. Luke Jackson and Glenn Kvassay, whilst part of the Far North Quoll Seekers Network (FNQSN), undertook several targeted studies in locations within the CRC area to determine the presence of STQs. Individual studies were also undertaken within the CRC area prior to this study by Alberto Vale of the AQC, Luke Jackson of the AQC and Luke Jackson and Bob Jago. The results of these studies are provided in the table below. All surveys, barring the first one, were undertaken with motion sensor cameras.
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TABLE 3: TARGETTED RESEARCH FOR SPOTTED TAILED QUOLLS BY FNQSN AND AQC IN CRC AREA PRIOR TO THIS STUDY Date
Researcher
Location
# of STQs Sighted
30 May 2008
Luke Jackson & Glen Kvassay (FNQSN)
Mt Bellenden Ker Wooroonooran National Park
1 – 15 Nov 2009
Luke Jackson & Glen Kvassay (FNQSN)
Behana Gorge Wooroonooran National Park
0
29 Nov – 13 Dec 2009
Luke Jackson (FNQSN)
Barron Gorge National Pk
0
31 Dec 2009 – 18 Jan 2010
Luke Jackson (FNQSN)
Mt Edith, Lamb Range Dinden National Park
0
28 Aug – 23 Sept 2010
Luke Jackson (FNQSN)
Lambs Head Dinden Dational Park
0 (however, identified scats at summit)
4 – 30 March 2011
Glen Kavassay, Luke Jackson (FNQSN) & Claire Garner
Mt Bellenden Ker Wooroonooran National Park
4 (1 naked eye, 3 on camera)
23 April – 6 May 2011
Luke Jackson (FNQSN)
Mt Edith & Part Varch Trail Dinden National Park
0
July 2012
Luke Jackson & Glen Kvassay (FNQSN)
Residence, Brinsmead
0
August 2012
Luke Jackson (FNQSN)
Cattana Wetlands, Smithfield
0
20 Oct – 3 Nov 2012
Luke Jackson & Glen Kvassay (FNQSN)
Jalarra Park, Stratford
0
20 Oct – 3 Nov 2012
Luke Jackson & Glen Kvassay (FNQSN)
Little Noonoo Creek, Base of Bartle Frere – East side Wooroonooran National Park
0
16 Nov – 30 Nov 2014
Luke Jackson (AQC) & Bob Jago
Little Noonoo Creek, Base of Bartle Frere – East side Wooroonooran National Park
0
21 April – 3 May 2013
Luke Jackson (FNQSN)
Mt Bartle Frere (east side) Wooroonooran National Park
3 (all on camera)
16 Jan - 20 Jan 2016
Alberto Vale AQC
Clohesy River Dinden National Park
0
1 (naked eye)
19
The targeted studies above reveal the presence of quolls at Mt Bartle Frere, Mt Bellenden Ker and potentially Lamb Range within the CRC area. Additional to targeted studies, sightings by the public form a vital role in understanding current and historic distribution patterns of STQs. The AQC holds a data base of all sightings reported to it from the public as well as our own findings and those of other researchers. This database is regularly updated as information comes to hand and is uploaded onto the WILDnet database and the Atlas of Living Wildlife Database. Appendix 2 contains a table of all available historic sightings of STQs in the CRC area that the AQC was able to obtain. It is noted that the total number of sightings from the CRC area, including this study, is 48 animals. Some of this data is summarised in the table below.
TABLE 4: NUMBER OF ALL RECORDED SIGHTINGS OF SPOTTED TAILED QUOLLS IN THE CRC AREA (Summarised from Appendix 2) Location
Number of Sightings 1965 - 2016
Mt Bellenden Ker and ramparts
25
Lake Morris
11
Lambs Head
2 (scats also sighted at Lambs head and Mt Edith)
Varch Trail
0 (but 4 sighted in the park near Speewah, outside CRC)
Mt Bartle Frere
2 (several other verbal sightings)
Goldfields Trail
0 (but the ranger has sighted at least 2 in the past 5 years)
Yalbogie Track
4 (one dead within CRC area, 3 live animals slightly outside boundary)
Bellenden Ker
4 (one dead within CRC area, 3 live animals slightly outside boundary)
TOTAL
48
The data provided in the tables above indicates that for both public sightings and targeted research, STQs have been historically sited mainly on the western edge of the CRC area in intact and protected areas. Mapping of this data and all historic sightings can be found at Appendices 2 & 3. Data indicates: • A moderate number of sightings (i.e. 10+) at Bartle Frere (including both upland and lowland areas) and • Bellenden Kerr (including both upland and lowland areas), • A low number of sightings (i.e. 1 – 4) at Lamb Range, Lake Morris, Gillies Highway and other locations, and • No sightings were recorded at Goldsborough Valley/Goldfields Trail, but animals have either been seen in or near this area in the past – but no formal records made. • This data highlights the importance of Mt Bellenden Ker and Mt Bartle Frere as a refuge for STQs. It also highlights the presence of quolls at the other locations. This may indicate that the Gillies Highway and Goldfields Trail areas are corridors between the Bellenden Ker/Bartle Frere populations and the Lamb Range population. The ranger at the Goldfields Trail has indicated verbally that at least 2 quolls have been seen in the area in past 5 years. Figure 5 on page 26 illustrates the potential and known distribution of STQs in the CRC area which has been obtained as a result of this study and historic data. 20
FIGURE 5: DISTRIBUTION OF SPOTTED TAILED QUOLLS IN THE CRC AREA
The data provided in the tables above indicates that for both public sightings and targeted research, STQs have been historically sited mainly on the western edge of the CRC area in intact and protected areas. Mapping of this data and all historic sightings can be found at Appendices 2 & 3. Data indicates: • A moderate number of sightings (i.e. 10+) at Bartle Frere (including both upland and lowland areas) and • Bellenden Kerr (including both upland and lowland areas), • A low number of sightings (i.e. 1 – 4) at Lamb Range, Lake Morris, Gillies Highway and other locations, and • No sightings were recorded at Goldsborough Valley/Goldfields Trail, but animals have either been seen in or near this area in the past – but no formal records made. • This data highlights the importance of Mt Bellenden Ker and Mt Bartle Frere as a refuge for STQs. It also highlights the presence of quolls at the other locations. This may indicate that the Gillies Highway and Goldfields Trail areas are corridors between the Bellenden Ker/Bartle Frere populations and the Lamb Range population. The ranger at the Goldfields Trail has indicated verbally that at least 2 quolls have been seen in the area in past 5 years.
The figure above shows the estimated distribution of STQs in the CRC area. Quolls are present along the Bellenden Ker Range, the Bartle Frere Massif and at the Gillies Highway. Given historic sightings surrounding these areas (see Appendix 3) as indicated in this report, it is considered that STQs are likely to be present between these populations and the Lamb Range. It is important to highlight the potential movement corridors shown in the mapping. It is considered that these corridors are important in terms of providing a genetic link between known populations. Ensuring that these corridors are protected and managed to ensure STQs can have safe passage through them will be vital for future genetic diversity of the populations. Figure 5 on page 26 illustrates the potential and known distribution of STQs in the CRC area which has been obtained as a result of this study and historic data.
21
RECOMMENDATIONS The results of the research undertaken for this report and an assessment of historic data, provides a picture of the current and former distribution of STQs at the target sites. From the findings in this study, several recommendations are made with respect to ongoing conservation management of the STQ in the CRC area. These are provided following: 1. Barron Gorge National Park: 2. No Action Recommended. Despite being created in 1940, the Barron Gorge National Park within the CRC boundary is unlikely to harbour a permanent population of STQs. This assumption is made on the basis that there are no previous records in the CRC part of the national park, the area is of relatively low altitude, there is significant intrusion from invasive species – particularly pigs, cane toads and potentially cats, the area of habitat is limited, and the park abuts highly modified environments – particularly farming areas. It is recommended that no conservation management or additional research into the presence of STQs occurs in this park, unless there is a significant change in the number of sightings in the area. Status: Likely to be very rare or extinct. Timeline: NA Responsibility: NA 2. Lake Morris, Dinden National Park Low Priority. Ongoing Pest Management Recommended The potential for a permanent (or anything less than a very low density) population of STQs in this area is considered to be limited for several reasons, including: • No recent sightings of STQs, • relatively low altitude, • significant intrusion from invasive species – particularly pigs, cane toads and potentially cats It is acknowledged however that the site does have good habitat and is attached to the Lamb Range complex which contains STQs. The significance of pest management is therefore relevant to this site. Council and National Parks presently undertake pig management in the area. It is recommended that ongoing pig control occurs at the site and consideration is given to investigating the presence of cats. Cat eradication by QPWS would be required if cats were found. STQ research is a low priority but should be considered in the medium to longer term to determine presence or absence of STQs. Status: Unknown. Likely to be very rare. Timeline: Ongoing (i.e. pest management). Responsibility: QPWS/CRC. AQC willing to assist.
22
3. Mt Bartle Frere Massif, Wooroonooran National Park Low Priority. Ongoing Pest Management Recommended The STQ is considered to be relatively secure at this site given the large area protected, the remoteness of the site, the high altitude rainforest, high amount of suitable habitat and regular sightings by the public. The presence of large Cane Toads and a Feral Cat at reasonable altitudes during this study indicates that even in more protected and remote areas, pest species can take hold. It is recommended that an annual cat monitoring and trapping exercise occur along the eastern trail and for completeness along the western trail which is outside CRC - to eradicate or control the cat population. Status: Existing STQ population seems secure subject to occasional monitoring and removal of threats (e.g. cats). Timeline: Required when reported. Responsibility: QPWS. AQC willing to assist. 4. Mt Bellenden Ker and surrounds, Wooroonooran National Park: Low Priority. The high number of historic sightings, exceptional habitat and altitude, and remoteness of the site indicates a high density and secure population of STQs at this site. It is known that cats have been found at the transmitter station but were removed in the past. The Broadcast Australia staff are vigilant with respect fauna at the site and can assist in advising of any seen threats. No poison baiting for rats occurs at transmitter station either after this was requested by Luke Jackson & Glen Kvassay of AQC to prevent accidental poisoning of STQs. It is recommended that occasional monitoring of STQs occurs at the site. Any discovery of cats or other pests should be reported immediately and the cats/pests removed. Status: Existing STQ population seems secure subject to occasional monitoring and removal of threats (e.g. cats). Timeline: Required when reported. Responsibility: Broadcast Australia staff, AQC, QPWS 5 5. Lambs Head, Dinden National Park Medium Priority. Monitoring. Although recent research attempts to verify the presence of STQs have been unsuccessful, STQs have existed in the area previously. Further monitoring of this area is necessary to determine the presence of STQs. Consideration needs to be made regarding pest management (i.e. cats) and potential signage and enforcement with respect to unlawful activities undertaken by the public (e.g. camping, walking domestic animals into the park).
23
It is recommended that ongoing monitoring of the area occurs first to determine whether STQs still survive in the area and also for the presence of pest species such as cats. If cats are detected they need to be removed. Potential for better signage and re-enforcing that dogs are prohibited in the park. Status: Unknown. STQs are likely to be present but are potentially in low densities. Timeline: 3 months (Monitoring) Responsibility: AQC & Potential QPWS 6. Varch Trail, Dinden National Park: Medium Priority. Monitoring & pest management. The Varch trail forms a remote and significant high altitude forest that historically has not been researched for presence of STQs. Despite our study failing to identify any STQs, it is considered that there is a high chance that STQs are present in the area given the type of habitat and proximity to nearby areas where STQs have been sighted or still survive. It is recommended that ongoing monitoring occurs to determine presence of animals. Ongoing pest management with respect to pigs is supported. Status: Unknown. STQs are likely to be present but are potentially in low densities. Timeline: 3 months (Monitoring). Responsibility: AQC & QPWS 7. Goldfield Trail, Wooroonooran National Park: Medium/High Priority. Monitoring and pest management. The Goldfield Trail is located midway between two of the most significant populations of STQs in the CRC area (i.e. Mt Bartle Frere Massif and Bellenden Ker Range). It is likely to be an important corridor for males to move between these two areas and potentially to the eastern escarpment of the Atherton Tableland that links to the Lamb Range. Further research is required to verify the presence of STQs and whether the animals have a home range in the area or are transient. Genetic analysis of blood samples of STQs in the area could also be useful to determine their relationship with surrounding populations. It is recommended that ongoing monitoring occurs to determine presence of animals & if possible, genetic analysis to determine relationship with surrounding populations. Ongoing pest management of pigs is supported. Future protection of this likely corridor is also important. Status: Unknown. STQs are likely to be present but are potentially in low densities. Timeline: 3 months (Monitoring). Responsibility: AQC & QPWS
24
8. Gillies Highway, Gadgarra National Park: High Priority. Monitoring, road safety, genetic analysis. The Gillies Highway is an important transport link between Cairns and the Atherton Tablelands. Equally, it may be an important link between STQ populations to the north (Lamb Range) and south (Mt Bartle Frere/Mt Bellenden Ker). Ongoing and recent sightings along this highway indicate STQs persist in the area. Whether there are STQs that permanently occupy the area or whether STQs crossing the road for use as a corridor needs to be determined. This is extremely important given the potentially low numbers of STQs on the Lamb Range and the importance of this area as a link to areas of higher population density to the south. The Gillies Highway may potentially be a barrier to STQ movements given the increasing use of the road by vehicles as the surrounding human population increases. It is recommended that intensive camera monitoring of near the highway both north and south of it occurs. Monitoring should however be conducted well away from the road to minimise potentially attracting STQs to cross the road and hence endangering their lives. If the presence of STQs is determined, genetic analysis of STQs is important to determine their relationship with surrounding populations. Consideration must also be given to the impact of the road on the movement of STQs. If this is an issue, alterations, additional signage and other STQ protection methods should be considered. Status: STQs present but potentially in low densities. Timeline: 6 – 12 months.
TABLE 5: SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS
Date
Priority/Status
Actions
Responsibility
Barron Gorge NP
No Action/Likely extinct or very rare\
NA
NA
Lake Morris/Dinden NP
Low Priority/Likely to be very rare
Ongoing Pest Management
CRC & QPWS
Mt Bartle Frere/ Wooroonooran NP
Low Priority/Secure
Ongoing Pest Management
QPWS & AQC assist
Mt Bellenden Ker/ Wooroonooran NP
Low Priority/Secure
Ongoing Pest Management
QPWS, Broadcast Australia & AQC assist
Lambs Head, Dinden NP
Medium Priority/ Unknown
Monitoring & Pest Management
AQC & QPWS
Varch Trail, Dinden NP
Medium Priority/ Unknown
Monitoring & Pest Management
AQC & QPWS
Goldfield Trail/ Wooroonooran NP
High - Medium Priority/ Unknown
Monitoring & Pest Management
AQC & QPWS
Gillies Hwy/Gadgarra NP
High Priority/ Present uncommon
Monitoring & Road Safety & Research
AQC, Researchers & TMR 25
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Cairns Regional Council funded the purchase of remote sensor cameras; we are grateful for their support and that of their officers Sarah Palmer, Michelle O’Loughlin, Alex Ung and Dan Walton. Many people provided support in the form of assistance in the field, helpful advice and letters of support, namely: Spiro Buhagiar & the staff of Broadcast Australia, Campbell Clarke, Leon Doutre, Dan Fitzpatrick, Alan Gillanders, the Hon. Rob Pyne, Dietmar & Jenny Reiman, Chris Roach, Dan Walton, Amelia Wenger and Lochie West. The support of our familes, June & Kimberly Vale and Amber, Kiera, Alyssa, Hunter & Sophie Jackson, is gratefully acknowledged. Don Franklin assisted with the preparation of this paper. This survey was undertaken under scientific purposes permit #WITK16516115 from the Department of Environment and Heritage Protection, and with approval from the Animal Ethics committee at James Cook University.
REFERENCES Cairns Regional Council (2012). Biodiversity Strategy 2012 – 2022. P71. QLD National Parks and Wildlife (2011). Wet Tropics Coast, Cardwell to Cairns, National Parks, Visitors Guide. Retrieved 7 June 2016 from the QPWS website: https://www.npsr.qld.gov.au/parks/pdf/cairns-tocardwell-vg.pdf Google Maps (2016). Retrieved 7 June 2016 from Google Maps. Burnett SE. 2001. Ecology and Conservation Status of the Northern Spot-tailed Quoll, Dasyurus maculatus with reference to the future of Australia's marsupial carnivores. PhD thesis, James Cook University. Burnett S. 2012. Spotted-tailed Quoll (north Qld subspecies). In Queensland's Threatened Animals, ed. LK Curtis, AJ Dennis, KR McDonald, PM Kyne, SJS Debus, pp. 342-343. CSIRO: Collingwood. Burnett S, Marsh HD. 2004. Conservation of the Spotted-tailed Quoll Dasyurus maculatus: a conceptual and applied model with particular reference to populations of the endangered D.m. gracilis. In Conservation of Australia's Forest Fauna, ed. D Lunney, pp. 624-638. Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales: Mosman, NSW. Burnett S, Meyer-Gleaves S. 2012. Spotted-tailed Quoll (southern subspecies). In Queensland's Threatened Animals, ed. LK Curtis, AJ Dennis, KR McDonald, PM Kyne, SJS Debus, pp. 344-345. CSIRO: Collingwood. Christidis L, Boles WE. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood. Firestone KB, Elphinstone MS, Sherwin WB, Houlden BA. 1999. Phylogeographical population structure of tiger quolls Dasyurus maculatus (Dasyuridae: Marsupialia), an endangered carnivorous marsupial. Molecular Ecology 8: 1613–1625. Jackson L, Vale A. 2016. Report by the Australian Quoll Conservancy on the population and distribution of the Spotted Tailed Quoll (Dasyurus maculatis gracilis) in the Cairns Regional Council area. Unpublished report, available from the authors. Menkhorst P, Knight F. 2001. A Field Guide to the Mammals of Australia. Oxford University Press: South Melbourne. Nelson JL, Scroggie MP, Belcher CA. 2014. Developing a camera trap survey protocol to detect a rare marsupial carnivore, the spotted-tail quoll (Dasyurus maculatus). In Camera Trapping: Wildlife Management and Research, ed. P Meek, P Fleming, G Ballard, P Banks, A Claridge, et al, pp. 271-279. CSIRO: Collingwood. Walters CJ, Holling CS. 1990. Large-scale management experiments and learning by doing. Ecology 71: 2060-2068. Woinarski JCZ, Oakwood M, Winter J, Burnett S, Milne D, Foster P, Myles H, Holmes B. 2008. Surviving the toads: patterns of persistence of the northern quoll Dasyurus hallucatus in Queensland. Report by the Northern Territory Government to the Australian Government's Natural Heritage Trust: Palmerston, NT.
26
APPENDICES
Appendix 1: Maps of survey locations for this study.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Gillies Range Lake Morris Lambs Head Varch Trail (Mt Edith to Davies Creek) Mt Bartle Frere Goldsborough Valley/Goldfields Trail Barron Gorge National Park/Speewah Mt Bellenden Ker
Date: July 2015 Date: Aug/Sept 2015 Date: Sept/Oct 2015 Date: Nov/Dec 2015 Date: Dec 2015 Date: Feb 2016 Date: March 2016 Date: April 2016
27
Gillies Range. Map showing location of cameras. Species observed on the Cameras were white tailed rats, bandicoots, red-legged pademelon and musky rat kangaroos
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
APPENDIX 2: Known Records of Spotted Tailed Quolls in the CRC Area.
Date observed
Observer/ Source
Organisation Australian Museum
Location/ GPS (lat/ long)
Unknown
McFarland
Unknown
Brad Law
Summit Mt Edith -17.0936 145.852380
1888
Ransay
Mt. Bellenden Ker -17.2648648 145.8523809
1965
Watts
1965
Mike McGuire
1970
Watts
1971 1981
Mike McGuire
Bellenden Ker Repeater Station -17.2648648 145.8523809
1971 1973
John Winter
Mt. Bellenden Ker -17.2648648 145.8523809
24 October 1974
John Winter
Mt. Bellenden Ker -17.2648648 145.8523809
3 November 1975
John Winter
Mt. Bellenden Ker -17.2648648 145.8523809
1975
Sam Dansie
Mt Bartle Frere, northwest peak -17.375 145.7916
Australian Museum
Sighting Details
Mt. Bellenden Ker -17.2648648 145.8523809
Bellenden Ker -17.26513004 145.8511028 Bellenden Ker -17.2648648 145.8523809
Museum Victoria
Cairns. -16.9166667 145.766667
42
Date observed
Observer/ Source
Organisation
Location/ GPS (lat/ long)
1982
Mike Trenerry
DERM
Bartle Frere - ran off
1989
Mike Trenerry
DERM
2/3 way up Lake Morris Road while spotlighQng
1991-1996
Mike Trenerry
DERM
Lowland Woopen Creek - repeated sightings reported by visitors/ residents (unconfirmed)
28 June 1992
Peter Stanton
Mt Bartle Frere -17.4004504 145.8176183
1993
Mike Trenerry
Lake Morris Road, Lamb Range -16.7279278 145.8176183
1995
Steve Comport
Upper Davies Creek, Lamb Range -17.0422 145.6147
8 July 1996
Ben Collins
Bartle Frere Walking Track -17.3819 145.7839
October 1996
Scott Burnett
JCU
Rob Williams
2006
Spiro Buhagiar
Broadcast Australia
BARTLE FRERE Map 8063 Map 9
BARTLE FRERE Map 8063 Map 7
Mt Bellenden Ker Repeater Station -17.2648648 145.8523809 half way up trail to Lambs Head in rainforest -17.018752 145.611723
July 2000
Sighting Details
came down a tree
Bellender Ker cable Mid Morning way -17.263891 145.853499
43
Date observed
Observer/ Source
Organisation
Location/ GPS (lat/ long)
Sighting Details
June 2007
Dennis Allwood
Platypus Bend Eco Retreat
Top of Gillies Rang about 1km from Top Gate on the Gillies Highway in the rainforested area. -17.219256 145.682657
Around 11:00pm I nearly ran over a spotted Quoll close to the top of the Gillies range.
30 May 2008
Glenn Kvassay & Luke Jackson
FNQSN
Bellender Ker cable Individual seen at 8.00am in the way -17.263891 morning near the helipad 145.853499
June 2008
Paula Markee
13 May 2009
Spiro Buhagiar
13 May 2010 8am
Paul Le Gear
22 July 2010 11am
Malcolm Lee
mid 2010
Bruce Highway where forest is close to the road near Bellenden Ker -17.253918 145.922567 Broadcast Australia
from bus late afternoon/evening
Bellender Ker cable n the middle of the day walking up way -17.263891 the cement steps outside the 145.853499 building. Gillies Highway -17.177439 145.692004
Fresh kill. QSN actually picked up the dead animaL and confirmed as STQ. Squashed flat half way down the range road
Broadcast Australia
Bellender Ker -17.263891 145.853499
he or she is getting real friendly and not shy at all after I saw this one a little red one came out as well. we think they live on the west side of the building
Ian McDonnald
Broadcast Australia
Tower 5, approximately 900m AHD, Bellenden Ker -17.266132, 145.870122
Workers saw quoll while working around Tower 5
04 March 2011
Luke Jackson
FNQSN
Bellender Ker -17.263891 145.853499
Running along track so only saw from behind at 4pm approx
2009-2013
Broadcast Australia Staff via Spiro
Broadcast Australia
Bellender Ker -17.263891 145.853499
Regular sightings around Top Station and Towers 5-9
44
Date observed
Observer/ Source
Organisation
Location/ GPS (lat/ long)
Sighting Details
06 April 2012
Brad Harrold
On the Mt Bartle Frere walking track, about 20m past 4km marker on the high point of the ridge. We were on our return from the Summit, walking from the Josephine Falls side. It was literally 20 meters on the summit side of the 4 km marker. -17.414684 145.824990
Sighted full animal only around 4m away 3.30pm. I was amazed it trotted up close to me. It was traveling up the slope from the direction of the wind so I guess it couldn’t smell us. We were standing on the ridge waiting quietly. We heard some rustling in the other direction, and turned to see it come up the side of the ridge (not on the track). It seemed to be looking around on the ground, then it saw us and put its head up to look at us. It didn't get a fright, but paused for a moment before turning and heading back down the ridge a little before we lost sight of it. We could hear it for a little while longer but didn't see it again. It was not practical to follow it as the slope was steep.
31 April 2012
Luke Jackson
FNQSN
Co-ordinates -17.402162, 145.824537. Wooroonooran National Park, on trail up Mt Bartle Frere. Camera was set up about 200m past the 5km marker. Altitude is approximately 1100m
Photo taken on sensor camera
26 October 2014
via Bob Jago
Resident
Near Golden Hole -17.446192 145.826054
the Middle Diggings on the Russell River. Between Little Noonoo Creek and Noonoo Creek about one and a bit hours walk from the Golden Hole they spotted two large Spotted Quolls, one appeared to be male and the other female. They were able to view them for several minutes.
45
Date observed 18 May 2015
Observer/ Source Bryan Walker
June/July Jeff Watson 2015
20 July 2015
Gene Pierson
Organisation
Location/ GPS (lat/ long)
Sighting Details
Resident
Mirinjo access 925 Woopen Creek Road 4871. On my back verandah Wooroonooran Park (Bartle frere section) bounded by Mt Bartle frere and Coorroo Peak. -17.495274 145.874715
primarily interested in pet Rotty who sleeps on floor it probably couldn't see me as I was in bed and curtain concealed me. It was hissing and squawking initially I thought it was a cockatoo. It was nudging the glass sliding door Hi I live in wooroonoran NP and was woken up this morning by a strange noise. To my surprise I saw a Tiger Quoll on the verandah looking in and aggressively snaling and screeching at my pet dog, Shera who I keep inside at night. I attempted to get my camera but the inquisitive mammal took off. I have only seen a quoll once before and that was prior to TC Larry. I have heard interesting noises emanating from an area where many trees were felled as a result of Larry and feel that perhaps there is a den in that area. The funny thing about this is that Shera did not react just looked at me in bewilderment cocked her head to the side while the bewildered quoll had its first encounter with a glass sliding door. I took the opportunity to observe for a while before deciding to try and get my camera. Another interesting visit from a resident who has allowed me to share their home and environment. Hope this made you smile :) Sighting 6.30am
Resident
Private Property, Little Mulgrave -17.12845 145.706587
21 Beryl Ann Drive, Little Mulgrave. Sighted in shed on property
Resident
199R Ellis Rd, Bellenden Ker -17.265326 145.902121
Sited on property. Images of the animal sniffing around on the outside of the house. Hard to determine sex. Definitely an adult STQ. 46
Date observed
Observer/ Source
Organisation
Location/ GPS (lat/ long)
Sighting Details
13 Dec 2015
Luke Jackson
AQC
Bartle Frere 6.5km up trail on eastern side -17.407883 145.823229
Taken by motion sensor camera. Large potential male
15 Dec 2015
Luke Jackson
AQC
Bartle Frere, 6.3km up trail on eastern side -17.410067 145.823422
Taken by motion sensor camera. Potential juvenile
21, 23, 24 Luke Jackson April 2016
AQC
Mt Bellenden Ker -17.264239 145.853405
3 different animals picked up on camera near summit of Bellenden Ker
04 May 2016
Maria Gillanders
Resident
Gillies Highway near top gate -17.221633, 145.665829
About 0010 hours, May 4th and 200 metres west of the Top Gate on Gillies Highway. Animal seen on the southern side of the road apparently feeding before retreating from the car.
13 May 2016
Spiro Buhagiar
Broadcast Australia
Tower 5, Mt Bellenden Ker -17.266132, 145.870122
Quoll pic taken 3.03pm & 3.36 pm on remote sensor camera at Tower 5.
47
APPENDIX 3: Mapping of all Locations of Spotted Tailed Quolls sightings in the CRC Area
Sighting Locations of STQs in the CRC area prior to 2005
48
Sighting Locations of STQs in the CRC area 5 – 10 years ago
49
Sighting Locations of STQs in the CRC area in the past 5 years
50