Beyond the Strandflat Beyond the Strandflat December 2034.
Adam Ramsay, Ayla Riome, Martin Skarbäck and Connel Binnie
Ă…selistraumen Geology Trail
.2
INTRODUCTION NORTH The productive coastal cities of Norway owe their success to the geological, glacial and oceanic processes that have shaped its landscape. These nodes of production exist on flat areas of land between the coastline and the mountains. These flat areas are part of the Strandflat. The Strandflat is an uneven and partially submerged rock platform extending seawards from the coastal mountains. Bodø’s sprawl across the Strandflat it halted by the knickpoint of the mountains to the east. However, the reach of the city extends into the mountains for essential resources such as water, stone, minerals, space for hydroelectric power production and productive forest. These resources are, and always have been, vital in fuelling the development of the city.
.3
Bodø Harbour
.4
City Centre
The connection between the city and the hinterland is most apparent around the Bodøgårdselva area. The confluence of these resources centre around the Vågøyvatnet River, which runs from Vågøyvatnet through Bodøgårdselva, the Alstad and out to the sea. In the vicinity of the river lies a glacial deposit of similar composition to the clay extracted by the old Bodø Teglverk (brickworks), a major contributor to Bodø’s industrial and wartime heritage. This open space between the Alstad and Bodø creates an opportunity to utilise this resource for developing the city and enhance its connection with the hinterland. The potential for brick production and timber harvesting invites an architectural intervention that responds to a growing population and the people’s integral relationship with the earth and ocean. Buholmen
.5
RESEARCH Gneiss Gneiss Gneiss Gneiss
iorite
Granite Granite
orite rite
ist ist
st t
Granite Granite
Amphibolite Amphibolite Amphibolite Amphibolite
Diorite Diorite Diorite Diorite
Quartzite Quartzite
Granitic GraniticPegmatite Pegmatite Granitic GraniticPegmatite Pegmatite
GraniticPegmatite Pegmatite Granitic Granitic GraniticPegmatite Pegmatite
Schist Schist Schist Schist
Quartzite Marble AppearanceQuartzite and textures of bedrock types in Marble the Bodø area.
.6
Granite Granite Granite Granite
Marble Marble
Quartzite Quartzite Quartzite Quartzite
Marble Marble Marble Marble
RESEARCH
GEOLOGICAL RESEARCH MOUNTAIN BUILDING EPISODES Formation of the Caledonian Mountain Range created most of Norway’s mineral resources as the land was uplifted in the West of Norway following the collision of tectonic plates during the Tertiary and Quaternary period. The ice age [approx. 65 thousand years ago] carved Norway’s distinctive coastline and dragged minerals to the surface. These glacial processes are to thank for Norway’s abundant resources. The mountainous interior of Norway harbours drinking water for Bodø. Water is an abundant resource that enables sustainable electricity production.
.7
RESEARCH Beyond the Strandflat / Steigtindvatnet
.8
RESEARCH
ary of the strandflat f Bodø.
STRANDFLAT EARTH AND OCEAN The Strandflat is an uneven and partly submerged rock platform extending seawards from the coastal mountains. The lowest boundary of the Strandflat is submerged at around 20 – 40m below sea level whilst the highest boundary is defined by a sharp change of slope above sea level where the land steepens against the mountains known as the knickpoint. During the ice age this rock platform was submerged under the glacial pressure subjecting it to both marine and glacial abrasion. Once the glaciers receded the land was lifted out of the ocean covered in both glacial and marine based deposits making the land fertile for cultivation and flat enough for urban development. Bodø’s sprawl across the Strandflat is halted by the knickpoint of the mountains to the east however the reach of the city extends into the mountainous interior for essential resources such as water, stone, minerals, space for hydroelectric power production and productive forest.
.9
RESEARCH Ã…selistraumen Geology Trail
.10
.11 RESEARCH
Outdoor Activites 1:25000 Key
Outdoor Activities Outdoor Activites 1:25000 1:25000 Hiking RoutesKey
Outdoor Activites 1:25000 Key
Hiking Routes Hiking Routes Hiking Routes Skiing Routes Skiing Routes Skiing Routes Skiing Routes Rock Climbing Areas Rock Climbing Areas RockRock Climbing Areas Climbing Areas
Productive Forest 1:25000 Productive Forest
Soil Geology 1:25000 Anthropogenic Material Eskers Fine Grained Marine Deposits Glacial Deposits Landslide Material Marine Sediment Peat and Swamp Soils formed in situ by bedrock breakdown
Power and Water 1:25000 Boreholes (feasible) Boreholes (unfeasible) Power Line Hydroelectric Dam Power Continues Underground Groundwater
Bedrock Geology 1:25000 Amphibolite Marble Granite Diorites and Gneiss Granatic Pegmatite Gravel, Sand and Clay Granatic Pegmatite with Mica Schist
RESEARCH Topographic Exploration of the Knickpoint 1:20000
.24
.25 RESEARCH
RESEARCH Topographic Exploration of the Knickpoint demonstrating the culmination of resources 1:20000
.26
RESEARCH Topsoil
RESOURCES BODØ Resources such as power, water, minerals and productive forest were more closely examined to reveal confluences within the city. Our research revealed that another clay soil deposit (similar composition to the site of Bodø Teglverk) lies to the north of the Vågøyvatnet River, less than a kilometre from the site of the soon to be vacated military barracks.
Bodø Teglverk (Brickworks) 1947
.27
RESEARCH Trajectory Model 1:5000
.28
.29 RESEARCH
Phase 1 site model 1:2000
.30
Site Plan 1 : 2000
SITE BODIN LEIR Bodø Teglverk (Brickworks) was established in the early 20th century and produced brick out of the clay soil deposit marked on the top soil geology plan. The brickworks reached peak production between WW2 and the mid 1960s. During the war Russian prisoners were made to live and work at Bodø Teglverk. The Vågøyvatnet River runs southwest from a dammed lake in the mountains that provides power and drinking water to the city. Popular hiking trails and cross country ski routes weave alongside the river and through the historic settlement sites of old Bodø. This rich convergence of activity and resources between Bodin Leir and the Vågøyvatnet River provides the site for our architectural intervention. The site begins at the clay soil deposit, crosses the Vågøyvatnet River and ends in the military barracks. Proposal
.31
View of the Strandflat
.32
PROPOSAL BODØ The phased master plan the infrastructure for extracting clay and processing timber from the Bodøgårdselva area to provide new educational opportunities for the young people of Bodø, housing for the growing population, enhanced access to the mountains for outdoor pursuits, and increased prospects for the growing tourism industry. Buildings required to achieve this are as follows: Brickworks Sawmill Construction School Cable Car Station Housing Development
.33
.34
TRANSIENCE SCREEN PRINT The methods involved in screen printing highlight the transient nature of our proposal demonstrating the additions made to buildings overtime and the changes to population and inhabitation of the scheme.
.35
TIMELINE TRAJECTORY To best utilise existing resources over the project’s timespan, buildings will undergo a change of use or expansion over time. Several intertwined phases spanning more than 20 years enables its execution. Initial phases focus on initiation and extraction whilst the latter phases deal with expansion and conversion.
.36
Phase 1 Today
Phase 2
Military buildings are dismantled and materials gathered for initial construction.
Clay Winning begins, the Sawmill constructed and the Conveyor extended
Brickworks begins construction
Brick and timber production begins
5 3 4 1
2015
2016 Military move out Heat recovery system deactivated
2017
Storage Warehouse
Quarry 1 Sawmill
7
Brickworks
2
Conveyor belt expanded to Storage Warehouse
Brickworks fully constructed and Sawmill expanded
Conveyor belt from quarryto brickworks
2018 Bodø Bypakke Complete
6 8
2019 Trees planted and beams constructed prevent direct access for public to mov Conveyor belt. Coveyor belt raised sim to allow landscape strategy to develop burms over brickworks to allow acces trails and crossing of Conveyor.
.37
PHASE 1
.38
PHASE 1
PREPARATION
PHASE 1 BRIEF
The initial scenario is constructed as follows: A new main road into Bodø has been constructed using a tunnel and therefore a portion of agricultural land has become available for glacial soil deposit extraction. In addition to this the military are starting to vacate Bodin Leir. Therefore the aim of this phase is to begin to utilise glacial soil deposition as a resource for construction material while also using the other resources on the site including the redundant structures and forest. This was done through the beginnings of a Brickworks and Sawmill.
.39
Components for Brickworks and Sawmill Assembly Phase 1
Beyond the Strandflat Vacant Military Barracks - Bodin Leir Disassembly In order to construct the Brickworks and the Sawmill of Phase 1 and to clear Bodin Leir for future housing development, the existing militray barracks will be dismantled for building material.
1
Corrugated Metal Roof Panels
2
Roof Purlins
3
Timber Roof Truss
4
Timber First Floor Structure
5
Brick Gable
6
Structural Concrete Column
7
Brick Wall
8
Gazing Unit
9
Concrete Slab
1
2
3
4 8
7
D
5
6
7
8
9
5
Disassembly
Bodin Leir - Military Barracks Barracks to become vacant in 2016
Military Barracks site and disassembly
.40
Components for Brickworks and Sawmill Assembly Phase 1
D
DISASSEMBLY
2016
It was important during the initial design process to establish a material stockpile and examine the forms available as a result of dismantling the Military barracks. The most prominent materials include; corrugated metal roof panels, timber roof trusses and brick coursing sourced from the original brickworks. Components for phase 1 assembly
.41
1
East - West Section Scale: 1:200 2017 - Brickworks
1
.42
1
TRIGGER
BRICKWORKS 2017 The first structure to be built is a temporary housing for a permanent vertical shaft kiln. It is sited on the edge of the clay deposit and adjacent to the river as a water source for the clay mixing process. The temporary housing will utilise reclaimed building components from the recently vacated military barracks on Bodin Leir such as timber trusses, corrugated metal panels and steel columns. Bricks from the walls of the barracks will be reclaimed and used to build the vertical shaft brick kiln (VSBK). The VSBK is a continuous, updraught, moving ware kiln in which the fire remains stationary while there is heat exchange between air moving upwards and bricks moving downwards.
.43
1
.44
1 The shaft is enveloped by an outer wall made up of bricks and the gap is filled with insulating materials. The shaft connects to a chimney for exhaust gases. Green bricks and fuel, loaded from the top, are lifted to the working platform using a pulley lift mechanism. The fuel is laid alongside the green bricks. The fuel in this case is wood chips from the sawmill. As the bricks move down the shaft the temperature increases towards the middle where firing takes place. Beneath the firing zone the temperature drops and the bricks begin the cooling process. This type of kiln is the most energy efficient in comparison to other traditional firing methods due to continuous firing and minimal heat loss. The kiln is built at a predetermined orientation to be part of the next, permanent, iteration of the brickworks. The temporary structure provides an open space for taking delivery of raw materials (clay and sand), space for mixing machinery, workbenches for hand moulding, storage for brick moulds, worker’s break out area and changing rooms, site office and temporary storage for fired bricks.
.45
2
.46
Unloading Unloading Movement Movement
Loaded Loaded Brick Brick Section Section
2
CONVEYOR
2017
To transport clay soil from the quarry to the brickworks, a conveyor belt system is required. The conveyor system is designed to move heavy and large materials over undulating ground and over rivers. The steel posts that support the system form a structure that can support a public walkway in future phases. The concept for the walkway is that the public are able to witness, at close quarters, the transformation from raw material into their homes whilst walking amongst the treetops taking in views of the mountains, city and ocean. The design also allows for a degree of flexibility in terms of cargo and loading/unloading configurations. Loaded Brick Elevation
.47
4
.48
4
INCIPIENT
SAWMILL 2017
In conjunction with the brick production surrounding productive forest will be harvested as a valuable resource. Due to this a Sawmill will be built to facilitate the timber production and to encourage the development of timber craftsmanship amongst the population. The initial sawmill provides just the essential elements for timber production; debarking, sawing and planing. The frame is repurposed from the vacated military barracks, which progressively self-clads utilising timber offcuts from the log processing. The frame is raised on a base of reclaimed brick from the military base to enable ease of transference with the conveyor and delivery lorries.
.49
5
.50
Beyond the Strandflat Axonometric Scale: 1:200 Construction School
5
STORAGE
WAREHOUSE 2018
Additionally a temporary storage warehouse will be required for storing excess material supplied by the brickworks and Sawmill. Initially this will be constructed using the dismantled military barracks and additions of temporary cladding including timber and polycarbonate. Utilising these materials and the military roof trusses will facilitate possible expansions and flexibility within the space. During the lifetime of this building the conveyor will extend and exist as a loop within the warehouse in order to aid the loading and unloading of material.
.51
PHASE 2
.52
PHASE 2
EXCAVATION
PHASE 2 BRIEF
As the population of Bodo begins to grow the requirement for new jobs and building materials will increase. This growth will be addressed through the expansion of the Brickworks and Sawmill in 2018. These two material production lines will be considered in conjunction with the general public and their relationships within the landscape.
.53
6
.54
PERMANENCE
6
BRICKWORKS 2018
Following a period of initial brick production, the brickworks now has the resources to transform into a permanent structure in the form of a brick ‘plinth’, timber volumes above and brick housing for the upper level of the kiln. Timber for these volumes comes from the sawmill. An important part of the brief at this phase is to allow hikers, skiers and cyclists to safely cross the conveyor without deviating far from the established routes along the river. By taking earth from the new lake, two berms are created either side of the conveyor bringing the public onto the brick plinth of the brickworks and across a footbridge to the other side. This makes the brickmaking process highly visible to passers by and interested members of the public.
.55
The plan of the plinth addresses this change of direction and acknowledges the two
The clots are lifted vertically by pulley to the moulding area inside the timber vol-
axes across its site, the conveyor system and public routes. The cranked plan enables
ume. The three pitched roofs are created using reclaimed trusses from the military
the new kiln enclosure to face the sawmill, acknowledging their interdependence.
barracks. These align with the structural grid set by the brick plinth emphasising
The concept for the plinth is for the brick’s material properties to be expressed. Thick
the material hierarchy.
walls and deep window reveals give the impression of weight and solidity. Brick vaults span perpendicular to the conveyor belt reflecting the direction of material
Hand moulding takes place inside these volumes. Workers are able to look out
travel.
towards the mountains and back to the quarry through a strip of glazing that wraps around the plan.
Raw material processing is relocated to the Northwest end of the plan where clay is delivered from the conveyor and sand by lorry from the existing access road. Mixing takes place in the same volume as delivery. Machinery adds water and mixes to
6
produce clots of clay for hand moulding.
.56
6
.57
Once bricks are moulded into ‘green bricks’ they are transported by trolley into the cube shaped kiln enclosure. The brick walls are created using a perforated brick pattern enabling a highly ventilated space with protection from the elements. The tall space around the walls is used to store the various brick moulds required for producing a multitude of brick sizes. This structure proudly exhibits the handcrafted nature of the bricks produced. Light shines down on them through a large rooflight. This provides natural light for loading green bricks into the kiln.
6
.58
Fired bricks are removed from the bottom of the kiln, quality checked and stacked from loading onto the conveyor belt for storage. This volume of the kiln is spacious to allow for fired brick handling and fuel storage. Two large apertures allow unloading of woodchips from the sawmill and loading of fired bricks on and off the conveyor.
6
.59
7
.60
COHESION
7
SAWMILL 2018
The expansion of the scheme increases the demand the sawmill must respond with an expanded mill to increase the rate of timber production. Timber must also be stockpiled for the beginning of the construction of the residential development. This transition must be seamless to not inhibit the rate of timber processing. Initially a frame spanning between the reclaimed brick plinth and a new element made from brick from the Brickworks. This frame envelops the existing Sawmill, enabling timber processing to continue throughout construction. The Sawmill’s layout focuses upon the processes it houses, Existing as a linear form parallel to the conveyor to facilitate transfer of logs from and timber to, as well as ease the movement of timber along the process. Space branch from the primary production line to house workshops and machine repair stations
.61
The mill is split over three half floors; the lower floor focused upon receiving and preparing logs, the middle with finishing timber and distributing it to the conveyor and lorries, and the top to administration and worker relaxation. This separation provides a conceptual and physical break between the different stages of the process, enabling timber at different stages of refinement to maintain separation. The lower floor has two openings on the south one for lorry access and one for workers, and one on the north side for the eventual receiving of logs from the conveyor. This floor facilitates both the log debarking and sawing, as well as the sawdust collection.
7
.62
7
The middle floor handles the timber dehumidifier drying to further dry the timber
Overhanging of the frame creates a sheltered external storage space for both logs
beyond the air-drying, the timber planing, and the timber distribution both via
and timber ready for distribution. This overhang also covers the twin arched brick
the conveyor and lorries through two opposite doors. The top floor has offices,
entrances; one for receiving logs and equipment by lorry and the other for people.
a meeting room, toilets, and worker break spaces, housed above the lower floor,
The formulation of a yard begins with these two features which is essential for
separated from the timber processes.
transport, storage, and the air-drying of timber.
.63
LS
.64
Most common in rocky areas and marble: Mountain Aven Alpine Fleabane Oceanic Planting most common in boggy areas: Hard Fern Bog Asphodel Rannock Rush Lousewort
LANDSCAPE STRATEGY
LS
2019
Bringing the landscape from beyond the strandflat and the nature reserve encompassed by the mountains to the Bodin Leir area will create a natural environment around the busy production of materials. It will help to marry the construction industry with the natural landscape and source of the raw material creating an interactive space for the public. The addition of Burms around the Brickworks and the redirection of the river will allow safe walking routes around and over the conveyor while still facilitating a view of the mechanism. Planting of flowers will also occur according to their habitat in the nature reserve that has been recreated. The raising of the conveyor is further justified to allow the new landscape strategy to develop allow access to existing hiking and skiing trails.
.65
LS
.66
LS
.67
Norway Spruce (Picea abies):
Birch (Betula pendula):
Norway Spruce is a tall coniferous trees which grows to between 35-55m. It is an
Birch is a deciduous tree which grows between 15-25m. Due to its ease to work
excellent construction timber, with a high yield class of 16(m3/ha/yr) making its
with, it will be utilised as interior finishes and furnishings. Birsh will also be
ideal for sustainable harvesting. As a result, Norway Spruce will be utilised as the
used within the landscaping of the project as its canopy provides light shade
primary structural timber throughout the phases of construction and within the
stimulating the growth of shrubbery beneath.
subsequent CLT production.
1
LS
Norway Spruce near Vågøyvatnet - 1
.68
Birch Trees along Bodøgårdselva - 2
1
LS
2
Harvesting Area
FORESTRY APPROACH 2019 The two primary species of tree within the Bodรณ region are Norway Spruce found beyond the strandflat and Birch which is prevalent on the site. Both of these are harvested, utilised and, replanted within through the phases of the scheme.
.69
PHASE 3
.70
PHASE 3
MATERIAL
PHASE 3 BRIEF
The introduction of a construction school from the stock pile of bricks and timber produced by the Brickworks and Sawmill can provide education to the local populous and surrounding schools. These available materials and skill resource obtained within the construction school will then facilitate the construction of a residential development on the recently vacant military base. As a result the existing military district heating system can be utilised and heat recovery from a nearby substation could also be used to power and heat to the emerging community. As the capacity of the construction expands the requirement for further storage facilities will increase.
.71
9
Ground Floor Plan depicting the movement of students and materials within the school.
.72
ENHANCE
CONSTRUCTION SCHOOL 2020
9
The structure of the construction school encapsulates the storage warehouse and opens it up to facilitate the use of materials within the school. Movement and flexibility of space has become a key design aspect at this stage in development in order to accommodate the students requirements. Flexibility was mainly explored through the first floor plan resulting in an open space leading from the storage warehouse, across the delivery yard and truck access and into the workshop. The main workshop consists of a large open space adjacent to the man made lake allowing views to the residential scheme constructed by the students. The eastern wall opens completely to allow the easy manoeuvring of materials to and from the warehouse. An investigation into flexible space.
.73
9
.74
A brick plinth has been constructed using material from the Brickworks to house the industrial processes of the school while the upper level utilises a lighter framework of timber that has become available from the Sawmill. In order to create a flexible working environment all servicing areas and classrooms have been located to this space on the second floor. These areas take their form from the storage warehouse already constructed with a pitched roof format and echo a typical Nordic structure in order to create an inviting envelope for the more conditioned spaces within the scheme.
9
.75
9
East - West Section
.76
In addition to a timber clad structure a second timber frame is placed alongside it clad in polycarbonate containing gantries for access to the classrooms already mentioned and views down to the workshop allowing for further flexibility in terms of workshop projects and height. A balcony extends from this area allowing further views into the storage warehouse. The polycarbonate structure diffuses the light to reduce direct sunlight into the main workshop and is inspired by Florian Nagler’s Warehouses. During winter and darker periods lighting within this section will create a glow emanating from this structure visible from the brickworks signalling the destination of raw material and the origin of constructed panels from the future housing scheme. It is also expected that as students begin to inhabit the spaces the building will extend through material testing. Brick testers are expected to occur beyond the storage warehouse and extend into the landscape inspired by the work of Per Kirkiby.
.77
9
.78
EXTEND
STORAGE 2020
10
As the production of material from the brickworks and the sawmill is increasing in volume, the construction needs to expand its facilities across the conveyor. A simple brick volume which holds a storage warehouse for various hand-made bricks and timber of different sizes and a small office for administration. In this way, the division between storage, learning and constructing is developed. Conceptually, this move invites an exploration into establishing a free-standing warehouse towards the mountains and what that means in terms of ‘filling’ a space. The idea of ‘boundary’ is understood as limitless, only restricted by the mountains to the north.
.79
PHASE 4
.80
PHASE 4
GROWTH
PHASE 4 BRIEF
Due to further increase in Bodo’s population a new residential development is required and construction begins on site of old military base (Bodin Leir). As the first new houses are completed they are connected to the existing heat recovery system. In addition to this a cablecar system is installed for log transportation from beyond the Strandflat to provide the sawmill with enough material needed for the housing.
.81
12
.82
INHABIT
RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT 2023 The residential scheme is constructed by and for the student of the construction school. The scheme is comprised of a series of brick one bed housing clusters. These brick bases provide a fixed enclosure, in which easily replaceable timber partitions can be placed as required. This provides flexibility of design within the continuity and rules of the cluster. These clusters are arranged through the site of the vacated Bodin Leir, interspersed with fingers of Norway spruce and Birch. This creates a contrast of conditions in the siting of different clusters; between wooded and unwooded, North and South facing slopes, and open and confined clusters. These clusters help to forge communities between the workers, whilst providing privacy from the wider scheme.
.83
12
The housing scheme is connected to the wider strategy via the conveyor, this facilitates construction through the transfer of materials from their storage in the construction school building. Subsequently this connection also provides the
As the construction school expands, acquiring new workers, the residential scheme grows to accommodate them through the addition of new housing clusters. This process is mirrored within the housing clusters; as the workers’ families grow the houses expand through timber and CLT extension. This provides further flexibility within the housing clusters, providing for all futures of the worker’s families.
Timber/CLT Extensions
residents access to the leisure facilities via the addition of a walkway.
Brick Clusters
12
.84
12
.85
14
Material Ropeway: <1500t/h
Transport sections <10km
Rope Span <1500m
Gondola weight 4.2t
Single Loads <40t
1 Norwegian Spruce average tree: 11.137t (35mx1m)
40 000 skiers 3 average spruce trees
1 load: 5x7m of tree
Transport Gradient <45degrees
Average dried weight: 405kg/sqm Information from Doppelmayr.com + email correspondence with Ralph Nachbaur (Area Manager Northern Europe)
.86
RECEIVE
2025
As the construction of the housing scheme is initiated, the materials in the brick warehouse are moved to the construction school for assembly and short-term storage. The empty volume is now appropriate for receiving the cable cars carrying the logs and the mechanics this system needs. To cover the system and the open warehouse, timber from the sawmill is used for a canopy on stilts. Overnight, the gondolas are parked under this canopy and over the man-made lake. This change in programme from warehouse to a cable car station provides the inception of a material hierarchy where the brick is the permanent object at the bottom and the timber is the lighter free-form canvas. The stickiness of the stilts increases this notion of weight to the scheme.
.87
14
+
14
Lower Station Gaia Ropeway Cablecar by Guedes + DeCampos
.88
Upper Station Chaserugg Mountain Cable Car Restaurant by Herzog & De Meuron
This stage focused on exploring enclosures and open faces. As the construction of the housing scheme is initiated, the materials in the brick warehouse are moved to the construction school for assembly and short-term storage. The empty volume is now appropriate for receiving the cable cars carrying the logs and the mechanics this system needs. To cover the system and the open warehouse, timber from the sawmill is used for a canopy on stilts. Overnight, the gondolas are parked under this canopy and over the man-made lake. This change in programme from warehouse to a cable car station provides the inception of a material hierarchy where the brick is the permanent object at the bottom and the timber is the lighter free-form canvas. The stickiness of the stilts increases this notion of weight to the scheme. The form of the building is driven by the dramatic movement through the landscape. The roof responds to the angle of the mechanics entering the volume. Introducing this system allows for a visual, axial and functional quality while simultaneously energising the scheme. The challenge was how to harmonise the technological features, hence a sculptural timber envelope encloses the building. With the timber symbolising a more timeless era, the timber is the exhibiting temporal aspects in this way. The monumental character of the construction of a cable car system and the ambition towards the mountain is juxtaposed against the more domestic qualities of the construction school.
.89
14
The logs are carried on baskets underneath the cable cars. Just before they enter the station, the baskets are detached and slide along rails to minimise the pressure on the system and the timber surrounding it. The baskets turn 90 degrees as they slide on this rail so they can roll off comfortably onto another rail which slopes down to take them to the conveyor structure. This structure is made out of steel to carry the 1 tonne logs safely. The rail has release mechanisms to avoid the logs to gain momentum as they roll down. At the middle of the rail, there is a ramp to roll the logs down to ground floor level. Here, they can be transported outside to a log yard for storage in case the sawmill is unable to process them at any time.
14
.90
Following the expansion of the Sawmill, logs begin to be delivered via the conveyor and cable car station. Integrating the migration of the logs as a routine of the conveyor and cable car. The automation of this process reflects the automation of the internal milling processes, linking the internal of the sawmill with the external of the scheme, blurring the boundary between building and infrastructure. By extraditing elements of the process of the sawmill into the wider the scheme, the sawmill is in turn absorbed into the scheme, evolving to be an element of a process beyond its own manufacture. This process is displayed visually in the fabric of the buildings of the scheme; the incremental cladding and construction of the scheme as the mill absorbs logs and distributes timber elements as a display of material refinement.
14
.91
PHASE 5
.92
PHASE 5 BRIEF
The Sawmill requires extension to meet the demands of the residential complex. In conjunction with this the quarry begins to deplete and the brick making is in decline adding pressure on timber production. This is addressed through the introduction of a CLT press.
.93
PHASE 5
EXPANSION
15
.94
REFINE
SAWMILL 2027
The CLT expands upon the Sawmills commercial endeavours as well as providing CLT panels for construction elsewhere in the scheme, e.g. the construction school
15
and residential development. The CLT process is housed within a separate buildings, as with the previous expansion, to prevent production being interrupted. This building is dominated by a CLT Press that lies perpendicular to the conveyor.
.95
The building is fed planed planks through the previous timber lorry distribution door, allowing a seamless process between the two buildings. These panels are then glued before being fed into the press and milled all on the same bed, providing continuity throughout the process.
15
.96
Following the commercial success of the Sawmillâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s CLT panel production the CLT process is expanded into a further building. This building, constructed primarily from CLT panels, is focused upon the milling of the panels, the most time consuming part of the panel production process and the distribution. It also provides expanded office space which is focused on the commercial side of the CLT panel production. This third building completes the yard, claiming ownership of the space for its process. Its alignment also creates a connection across the conveyor to the brickworks.
15
.97
PHASE 6
.98
REUSE
PHASE 6 BRIEF It is now important that facilities are provided for the new residents of Bodø and the increased number of tourists. This phase focuses on the expansion of the leisure and tourism sector in Bodø and maximising accessibility to the mountains for outdoor pursuits. As the residential development reaches completion the Conveyor from Construction School to housing is deactivated and Walkway construction begins towards the redundant brickworks now repurposed as a wood chip biomass power station and trailhead for hiking routes. Within the scheme any additions required within buildings will be sourced from the newly adapted sawmill with CLT as the most available material An extension to the cable car for visitor facilities will promote activities that take place in the introduction of a cafe and ski lift. Additionally the Construction School will be converted to a primary school for the new community and the redundant section of quarry will need to be repurposed in order to make best use of the land.
.99
PHASE 6
mountains and will primarily highlight a connection to the mountains through
20
.100
ENGAGE
WALKWAY 2033
The introduction of a walkway physically connects the housing to the quarry and allows for public access to the primary school and cable car station. It also facilitates views of earth bellow, ocean to the south and mountains in the north.
.101
20
steel glulam CLT
21
.102
Isometric of leisure box
Cafe
The timber planks from the stilts that were removed from the structure to house the CLT-box is disassembled and now make up the wall towards the balcony to filter the harsh low Northern sun.
Ski hire + Changing rooms
LAUNCH
LEISURE FACILITIES 2033 With the new CLT and glulam-components from the sawmill production, the cable car station is updated with structurally strong and warm tones to accommodate the inhabitants of the housing scheme on the other side of the lake. As such, industry marries leisure. A wood box is inserted, partially overhanging the lake, providing changing rooms (for skiers, ice-hockey players, swimmers etc), a cafe and a ski hire shop for the Norwegians without skis. This creates a charged space between the activities in/ on the lake and the cable cars hanging above. The visitors to the cafe can enjoy a cup of coffee while enjoying the view towards Keiservarden and seeing the logs that created their homes.
.103
21
Dividing the visitor facilities and the log handling area is a double-height foyer held up by glulam-beams. Skiers from the skiing routes on ground floor level can here walk up the stairs to the cable car embarking area. Another staircase is located in the cafe/ski hire box. In this way, the logs and people are designated separate zones for safety, acoustics and logistical reasons.
21 Lobby
.104
The glulam roof structure that is now completed forms symbolically two distinct axes: one receiving logs and one launching skiers. The anticipation and excitement of mountain adventures are conceptually orientated vertically where the visitor hires skis at ground level and then moves up to the cafe while he/she waits for the next cable car to be ready for departure. As people can walk down from the walkway (from the housing and the soon-to-be primary school), this cafe-volume functions as a meeting space for the public. The shadows of the roof cast by the low Northern sun is reminiscing of fishdrying racks and the steel-bracing structure put in place at the earlier iteration of the building.
21
.105
Early programmatic sketch
21 View from inside cable car
.106
The building becomes a celebration to the sawmill which is soon to be the only
On the other side, glulam-timber now offers the opportunity to create fluid
industrial part of the production line. The various types of timber are all packed
structures that relate more to the contour lines and to soften the rigidity. Next to
densely within this building which was sprung from a modest brick warehouse and
the sharp brick plinth from 20 years earlier, the glulam symbolises a different time
now repurposed into other functions. The irregular free-form glulam-roof over the
era. The arches juxtaposed against the stickiness of this entrance-structure over
log yard the launching of skiers, hikers, hunters up the mountains take its shape
the hiking and skiing routes employ an attitude towards activity and material
(along with the early timber roof) from the mountains south of Bodo
hierarchy.
.
timber from sawmill year 2025 glulam from sawmill year 2027 bricks from brickworks year 2020
21
.107
22
.108
ADAPTION
PRIMARY SCHOOL 2034 The final stage of the construction school sees its conversion to a primary school to provide educational facilities for the new housing development. This phase uses mainly CLT in its construction due to the recently adapted sawmill and the abundance in timber provided by the Cable Car Station. A similar form to the previous conditioned spaces is used in order to highlight the different structural and atmospheric properties each material exhibits. This block houses classrooms and is formed over the previous balcony area of the construction school. Furthermore the storage warehouses are removed as they are now considered redundant and the area is taken over as an outdoor play area for the students. The remaining brick elements including the sculptures made by
.109
22
22
.110
the previous inhabitants enhance this area creating an engagement with the new
the sawmill while providing adequate views and interactions with the materials
pupils and the industrial past of the site.
produced. The proximity to the cablecar leisure facilities also aids in bringing the community together where their work done and spare time can be appreciated.
Entry to the building coincides with the introduction of the walkway over the conveyor with the main entrance appearing on the second floor. From this atrium still housed in the polycarbonate structure pupils and staff can access classrooms and facilities either side of descend to the ground floor where further spaces are located within the remaining arches. It is intended that this phase of the building will be for 80 young students and due to its sitting near the entry to the housing
22
development creates a safe environment away from the continuing machinery of
.111
A new main road into Bodø has been constructed. A portion of Now that the clay soil deposit has depleted brick production has stopped. To maintain function for the permanent brick structure the kiln will be converted into a combined heat and power plant using water from the river and wood chips from the sawmill. These operations will occupy the brick volumes of the building. Wood chips will be delivered on the conveyor as before and hot water will be transported to the housing, sawmill, school and cable car station through pipework on the conveyor posts. Some pipework will be routed to heat the walkway during the winter to
23
melt ice and snow to maintain public access.
.112
RETROFIT POWER STATION 2035 To celebrate the change of use and utilise the new CLT/Glulam resource the old timber volumes will be replaced by three CLT ones. These will house a visitor centre that provides information about the project and educates the public on the formation of Norwayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s coastline and abundant resources. A small cafe will be included in these CLT volumes to encourage the public to stop and take in the views and information. The CLT volumes are topped with a sedum roof providing important microclimates for insects, bird life and other rare species. This also reduces surface runoff from rainfall which can instead be collected for internal water usage such as flushing toilets.
.113
23
24
.114
REJUVENATED PARKLAND 2038
Sustainable redevelopment of the quarry is crucial in completing the vision of a new leisure parkland in the heart of the city. The potential for the land includes the creation of a lake, space for recreational activity and research and education in native horticulture. This rehabilitation will help raise awareness of the coastal landscape and the part it has played in the development of Bodø. The walkway will be extended into the old quarry providing access and a viewing tower at its terminus looking towards the old Bodø Teglverk and beyond, northwards, out to the ocean.
Beyond the Strandflat December 2034.
.115
24