Summertown Report

The Sustainable Built Environment: A Bioregional Approach Summertown, Oxford.

Sustainable Building: Performance and Design The Sustainable Built Environment Module no: P30402 Module Leader: Dr. Paola Sassi

Alex Mcdow - 13079368 Alwin Iskandar - 13087070 Anita Pawlik - 13076887 Ayub Abd Hadi - 13087855 Naveen Gowd - 13089761 Zahra’A Al-Shatnawi - 13084427

Image provided by the authors of this document, 2013.

I

Table of Contents I Acknowledgements and Introduction

1

1 Natural systems and natural capital 2 Built structure and urban physics 3 Movement 4 Economy 5 Quality of life - Health and well-being and the physical context 6 Quality of life – Community, culture and social capital

2

7 Conclusion with strategic brief

3 4 5 6 Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

- Summertown, Oxford

7

I

Acknowledgements and Introduction We would like to greatly acknowledge the kindness of Lucy Mori from the K L Mori Business Consulting for Architects who has always replied courtesly to our queries . She has also kindly shared her own research in different areas of Summertown with us providing additional information to be included in our document. We have referenced accordingly all the information provided

by Luci.

-

Excerpt from Summertown is one of the suburbs in Oxford, among others such as Cowley, Botley and Headington. Most of the developments in Summertown is for residential.

This calm town is placed along the Banbury Road, Woodstock Road and Marston Ferry Road, approximately 2.2 miles from the city center. Initially it was a town of farms but now it has now grown into a satellite business and retail center of Oxford. Calendron Business Centre is situated along Banbury Road and a book publisher; Barefoot Books is also in Summertown. Ferry Leisure Centre is situated next to our current site. Plenty retail outlets are available and Oxford’s broadcast media, BBC Radio Oxford and the BBC Television’s Oxford studios are on Banbury Road.

According to the local information, in 1832 only 500 residents lived in Summertown. With the increase of education level and improved medical technology it’s undeniable that the numbers of inhabitants have greatly increased. The fact that Cherwell School is hosting for MECO Islamic school weekly Saturday shows its becoming more of a multi-racial society. which are mainly Oxford University Students and staffs.

A lot of schools also have been developed throughout the historical change of Summertown. This includes Cherwell School on Marston Ferry Road, St Edwards School, Summer Fields School on Previously in 1898, the medium of transport to get to the city center was through using horse portation. Currently three companies run bus services between Summertown and Oxford via Banbury Road. A Park-and-Ride service is also provided.

It is a wealthy environment with various resources but very little sustainable approaches is being implemented. With such small consideration taken into consideration in the design and development of Summertown, can it now be converted into a competent sustainable development?

The objective of this compilation is to assess a sustainable structure for Summertown, Oxford and identify the available resources here. To identify the best use for the site we have been assigned to assess the following components; Natural Systems, Built Structure and Urban Physics, Movement, Economy, History, Community, Culture and the Quality of Life.

Based on the research and comprehension, a set of recommendations and conclusion are considered for each section. Next, an overall recommendation and conclusion is introduced to upgrade Summertown’s sustainability and well-being of its community.

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

- Summertown, Oxford

Built Structure & Urban Physics: Alwin Iskandar 13087070

2.0 BUILT STRUCTURE & URBAN PHYSICS 2.1 History

2

2.2 Character Assessment: Residential 2.3 Character Assessment: Banbury Road 2.4 Building Performance & Housing Patterns 2.5 Sustainability Strategy 2.6 SWOT Analysis 2.7 Bibliography Figure 1. Summertown 3D (Author’s Own)

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment: Summertown, Oxford

p 2.0

Built Structure & Urban Physics: Alwin Iskandar 13087070

2.1 History as a part of Whorestone Farm Estate. A few of the earliest building that still exist today include Diamond Cottage (1900s) and Summerhill House (1823). There were about 120 houses / tenement during its inception.

2

One of the earliest documentation found on Summertown was a descriptive notebook titled Origins, History and Description of Summertown (1830) by one of the early residents, John Badcock. One of the two copies available was kept by the local church, Vicar and Churchwardens of Summertown. Ruth Fasnacht’s Figure 2. study in her book How Summertown Started (1969) was heavily based on Badcock’s notes.

Image 4

Diamond Cottages (1830/40)

Summerhill Pavillion (1940/50)

Summerhill Building, 333 (1823)

A terrace of four cottages. Infamous as a stop for highway men. Rebuilt in 19th century.

Initially a cake factory, closed down in 1975. Cur-

A house built by a butcher.

East side is facing Banbury road for easy stock delivery.

Ima`ge 1

Image 3

Image 2 Figure 3. Summertown Map

1887

1900

1957

1982

Image 5: Oxford Panorama by David Iliff Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment: Summertown, Oxford

p 2.1

Built Structure & Urban Physics: Alwin Iskandar 13087070

Medium Density

2.2 Character Assesment: Residential Image 6. Author’s Own

Most of houses in Summertown are generally built in terraces and semi-detached. The typical design are basements, with private car parking and gardens, the windows are either bay windows or sash windows.

Generally, clay bricks are being used as the main material. Red and Yellow bricks are used for façade. Slate and asphalt shingles are the most commonly used.

Low Density

2

Residential Density Distribution Educational

Image 7.

Commercial Residential

Slate Tiles

Limestone Wall

Clay Tiles

Land Use

Reclaimed Bricks

Clay Walls

Asphalt Roof Tiles

Figure 5.. Summertown 3D (Author’s own)

Green Area

Paved Roadway Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment: Summertown, Oxford

Figure 4. Summertown 3D (Author’s Own) p 2.2

Built Structure & Urban Physics: Alwin Iskandar 13087070

2.3 Character Assesment: Banbury Road Image 8

POTENTIAL POINT

2

Traditional Design, Smaller Retails.

Banbury Road: West Elevation

Image 9

POTENTIAL POINT

POTENTIAL POINT

Modern Design and Corporate Retails.

Banbury Road: East Elevation The district centre of Summertown is divided by Banbury Road, the East and West East Facade: Modern Design and Material West Facade: Traditional Material, Design and Construction Methods.

B Banbury Road

10M

Banbury Road

12M 6M

20M

87M

A

A’

55M

Section A-A’ Ewert Parking Space

Diamond Parking Space

55M

108M

Section B-B’

Ferry Parking Space

62M

B’

Figure 6. Section A-A’ & Section B-B’ Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment: Summertown, Oxford

p 2.3

Built Structure & Urban Physics: Alwin Iskandar 13087070

2.4 Building Performance & Housing Patterns The population of Summertown is currently 7750 (approx. 29 person/ha). Summertown records the growth 4th least population in Oxford (2001-2011). A dramatic increase was seen in block (2001-2011).

Students Aged18 above: +5,800

Summertown Growth (2001-2010) Figure 7. Author’s Own (Source: Mitenkumar Patel) Households: +3,700

Rent Homes in Private Sector: +4,900

Homes: +5,100 (since 2001)

GROWTH & CHANGE IN HOUSING

Apartments/ Flats: +4,700

Students Living in Residence Halls: +5,000

STUDENT POPULATION

Students Aged18 above: +5,800

Age 15-34: +9,000

TOTAL POPULATION Residents: 151,900 (+16,400) Age below 5: +2,600

NATIONAL AND ETHNIC DIVERSITY

Non-White British: 55,000

Born Outside of UK: 43,000

Foreign Born Residents: +10,000 (Last two years)

Figure 8. Population Growth Map, Oxford

Figure 9. Housing Pattern Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment: Summertown, Oxford

Figure 10. Population Density & Energy Consumption Statistics p 2.4

2

Built Structure & Urban Physics: Alwin Iskandar 13087070 Local Sourced Material

2.5 Sustainability Strategy

Locally Manufactured Clay Bricks

Minimizing Manufacturing Impact

Waste as Resource

2

Local materials and Local Labor

Recycling, Reusing, Reclaim Materials

Forum Community’s Opinion taken into Design Consideration

Community Participation

Waste Management

Sustainable Building Strategy Minimizing Need and Performance

Green Energy Sources

Air

Solar

Identity

In Harmony with Nature

Creating an attraction for users and tourists

Figure 11. Sustainabilty Strategy Figure 1: Oxford Panorama by David Iliff Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment: Summertown, Oxford

p 2.5

Built Structure & Urban Physics: Alwin Iskandar 13087070

2.6 SWOT Analysis

2

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment: Summertown, Oxford

p 2.6

Built Structure & Urban Physics: Alwin Iskandar 13087070

2.7 Bibliography Charts, Diagrams, Statistics etc.

Other references

Figure 1. Summertown 3D (Author’s Own) Figure 2. Auction Plan from page 2 - FASNACHT, R. 1969. How Summertown Started Figure 3. Summertown Map from DigiMap (Source: Nur Asmawati) Figure 4. Summertown 3D (Author’s Own) Figure 5. Summertown 3D (Author’s Own) Figure 6. Section A-A’ and Section B-B’ (Author’s Own) Figure 7. Author’s Own (Source: Mitenkumar Patel) Figure 8. Population Growth Map Oxford (Source: Oxford City Council Website) Figure 9. Housing Pattern (Source: Oxford City Council Website) Figure 10. Population Density & Energy Consumption Statistics (Source: Oxford City Council Website) Figure 11. Sustainabilty Strategy (Author’s Own)

SASSI, P. 2006. Strategies for Sustainable Architecture, Taylor & Francis.

2

MIN, H. 1946. A Manuscript History of Summertown. Oxoniensia (Oxfordshire Architectural and Historical Society - OAHS).

FASNACHT, R. 1969. How Summertown Started, Summertown, Oxford, The Vicar and Churchwardens of the Parish of Summertown SUMMERTOWN. 2007-2013. Summertown.info [Online]. Oxford: Cherwell Publishing Services Ltd. [Accessed 2 October 2013].

LIMITED, O. I. L. 2012. Oxford.gov.uk [Online]. Oxford: Oxford City Council.

[Accessed 2 October 2013].

Images Image 1. Diamond Cottages, NICHOLSONS 2013. Landscape Proposal And Historical Analysis of 333 Banbury Road. Oxford.

Image 2. Summerhill Pavillion, NICHOLSONS 2013. Landscape Proposal And Historical Analysis of 333 Banbury Road. Oxford.

Image 3. Summerhill Building, 333, NICHOLSONS 2013. Landscape Proposal And Historical Analysis of 333 Banbury Road. Oxford.

Image 4. Front Cover Page, FASNACHT, R. 1969. How Summertown Started, Image 5. Oxford Panorama by David Iliff Image 6. Author’s Own Image 7. Google Image, GOOGLE. Google. Available: www.google.com [Accessed October 2013].

Image 8. Banbury Road West Elevations by Fernando Munoz Image 9. Banbury Road East Elevations by Fernando Munozv

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment: Summertown, Oxford

p 2.7

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887

3 MOVEMENT 3.1

Introduction

3.2

Transport History

3.3

Previous and Current Strategies

3.4

Workers and Home-workers: Statistics

3.5

Road Network

3

3.6 3.7

Public Transport

3.8

Public Transport: Focus on Bus Service

3.9

Pedestrians and Cyclists: Overview

3.10 Pedestrians and Cyclists 3.11 Pedestrian and Cyclists: Good Practice 3.12 Movement on Site 3.13 Movement on Site 3.14 Considerations 3.15 SWOT analysis 3.16 Conclusions 3.17 Bibliography 3.18 Appendices Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

- Summertown, Oxford

p. 3

3.1 Introduction

Fig.3.1.1 - 2011 Census Personal travel using cars is clearly the most popular form of transport, unfortunately it is also one of the most polluting.

Although the trend for cars seems to be stabilising after the boom in the 20th century it is still the major form of travel and this needs to be addressed.

This section will outline the relevance and important aspects of movement patterns in relation to developing a sustainable transport strategy for the Summertown development. Transport is a major factor in contributing to harmful atmospheric emissions Arguably many of the journeys that people take are situated within their locality and accessible by environmentally friendly forms of transport such as walking and cycling.

This section will focus upon the strategy and implications of reducing the need for car travel and promoting more sustainable modes of transport within the context of Summertown in Oxford.

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887

Oxford

Oxford is well served by road and rail networks that give fast and direct access locally, nationally and from Europe. Being almost in the middle of the London-BristolBirmingham triangle Oxford has a strategic location. It is connected to the main motorways (M40, M4, M5) through the A420 and A40. First Great Western trains to reach Bristol (via Swindon) and London; and to the Cross-Country to Birmingham also by train. Several companies provide bus routes from Oxford to London (OxfordTube, X90, Airlines), to Birmingham (National Express, Megabus) and to Bristol (National Express, Overall, Oxford is indeed attractive for businesses in terms of position, connection and vitality but also for its well known schools with high reputation and universities.

3

Oxfordshire

60 miles radius 97 Km radius

5

M5

M40 1

A44

2

A40 A40

England and Wales: The bigger picture.

M40

A420 A34

M4

3 4

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

- Summertown, Oxford

p. 3.1

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887

3.2 Transport History According to the local information, in 1832 only 500 residents lived in Summertown. With the increase of education level and improved medical technology it’s undeniable that the numbers of inhabitants have greatly increased.

Highly important in the history of transport is the canals system which connected Oxford to a the UK network of canals, used havily for commercial movement of goods. As Oxford expanded the Banbury road developed as a residential area followning the linear pattern designated by the landscape. This wave of development 3.2.1 Ordnace Survey Map 1820

Banbury road was kept as a wide way which has allowed good traf-

3.2.2 Ordnace Survey Map1893

Previously in 1898, the medium of transport to get to the city center was through using horse tram. Later in 1913, the horse tram was rerently three companies run bus services between Summertown and Oxford via Banbury Road. A Park-and-Ride service is also provided with diesel-electric hybrid buses.

3.2 A postcard from

3.2.3 Ordnace Survey Map1940

Oxford has adopted a balanced movement strategy since 1972. In 1993 the Oxford Transport Strategy (OTS) was implemented to tackle congestion.

As a result of OTS: -

3

City centre decreased by 18% between 1998 and 2002, (and remained stable since).

3.2.4 Ordnace Survey Map-1973

east.

-The proportion of people using buses to access the City centre increased from 27% of all trips in 1991 to 44% in 2002, -Proportion of people using cars and taxis fell from 54% to 40% in the same period.

(Townsend, 2000)

1820 Summertown ‘born’ as a small village housing poorer community near Oxford.

1770 - 1790 Canals constructed connecting Oxford to a UK network of canals, used heavily for commercial movement of goods.

1850 Oxford adopts late compared to the rest of the UK

1972 Oxford introduces balanced transport strategy.

First Park & Ride schemes built shortly afterwards

1890- 1930 Summertown grows in size as Oxford becomes an increasingly desireable area.

Summertown absorbed into Northern Oxford.

1898 The City of Oxford Tramways Company extended its Banbury Road horse tram route to a new terminus at Summertown.

1950-60 Cars became mainstream method of transportation in the UK. Coincides with Summertown losing individual character as demolished - homogenisation.

1993 OTS (Oxford Transport Strategy) Adopted, additional imprvements and Park and Ride sites added

1991 Oxford implements major changes to ease congestion, pedestrianising streets and adding park&ride sites.

Future? Current core strategy plan to 2026.

Theat - New North Gate development could add additional

Current - Oxford continues to expand

3.2.5 Implementation of the Oxford Transport Strategy (OTS). Travel in Oxford would have to be managed and travel by buses, cycles and on footh rather than travel by private vehicle. (Townsend, 2000)

It is important to note that Oxford has Implemented transport strategies in the past which have been successful in: Creation of park and ride scheme Parking reductions

reducing measures.

Cycle schemes in particular a current focus.

Cycling improvements Environmental enhancement These successful strategies must be taken into account and built upon for a overall sustainable transport strategy. However it is apparent that this project has not and so an alternative approach should also be developed.

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

- Summertown, Oxford

p. 3.2

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887

In the Oxford Core strategy Summertown has been designated a district ment volume and associated infrastructure which may be needed in the future.

has also outlined land at Summerown for speculation. According to ‘matters other- the proposals map’ (Oxford City Council - Core Strategy and to transport hubs and bus routes.”

As part of the general strategy the document suggests that any development should be focused towards ‘minimise car use and prioritise access by walking, cycling and public transport’ whilst ensuring ‘that appropriate transport measures are put in place to cope with the impact of new development.’ (Oxford Core Strategy, p.80)

be developed in the future. This would impact the long term movement strategy as acess must be considered to this area. Also any development here would have huge impacts upon the movement patterns throught the site.

3

Weakness

Threats

Still encouraging large scale development which will invertibley lead to

Potential Noth gate development would bing excessive The development at summertown, if poorly planned,

Not pursuing high density development which would reduce travel distances for local people.

problems encouraging more people to drive.

Oppurtunities Actively promoting sustainable transport modes.

Not encouraging more af-

With interest being taken in summertown at city wide level there is a real chance to bring about substantial infrastructure improvements with long term

of city.

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

- Summertown, Oxford

p. 3.3

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887 Homeworking and means of travel to workplace

Nationally, the numbers of people mainly working from home has increased since 2001 Census, by 623,200 , reaching 2.68 million.

This is an increase of 30%.

The rise across Oxfordshire has been even greater: the 2001 Cnesus reported 31,800 people usually worked from home, which has risen to 43,000 in the 2011 Census, an increase of 36%.

12.9% of Oxfordshire residents usually worked from home in 2011, compared to 10.3% in 2001.

3

People working from home as % of those in employement 2001-2011 As for the diagram below rural districts continue to have an above average proportion of workers who are based mainly at or from home.

South Oxfordshire has the highest rate of home workers (15%) and Oxford city the lowest rate (11%). The rate in all areas has increased since 2001.

Home working has increased in Oxfordshire since 2001: the number of residents usually working from home rose by 11,300 to 43,100. The increase in home working has been greater than the national rate.

The number of Oxfordshire residents who usually drive to work rose by 6,700 to 180,500 the most common mode of travel to work for Oxfordshire residents: 54% of people usually drive.

Walking (10.9%), public transport (9.8%) and cycling (6.9%) are the next most common. Fewer people travel to work as passengers in another’s car or van, down by 2,600 in Oxfordshire to 16,500. This decline is in line with national trends.

Consequently, the statistics shows clearly a progressive car dependence. This may depend on the pubfactors which affect people’ s choice on the mode of travel to work. Thus, it is essential to analyse and evaluate the data before drawing any conclusions.

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

How long does the journey take?

Most people’s journey (67%) takes between 15 minutes and one hour, with 13% of journeys taking more than one hour. Journeys of over an hour include 48% of train users, 36% of park and ride users, 21% of non- park&ride bus users, and 15% of people who drive.

Only 1% of cycle trips, and less than 1% of walking trips take over an hour. 44% of cycle trips, and 38% of walking trips take less than 15 minutes.

Why do people drive?

Almost half of those who drive say they do so because public transport would take too long, and a further 18% say that it is not available. This compares with only 5% who cite the expense of public transport as their main reason for driving.

- Summertown, Oxford

How far do people travel?

How do people travel?

The average distance that people cycle is 4.5km each way, but 11% cycle over 8km each way. The average walk to work or study is 2.1km each way, but 17% of people walk over 3km each way.

Train users travel furthest – on average 37.6km each way, while car drivers travel on average 25.3km. However, 10% of car journeys are less than 5km.

The average non-park and ride bus journey is 13.3km (including any walking).

3221 people told us how they travel to work or study in Oxford: 30% travel by car, 25% by bicycle, 17% by bus (not including park and ride), 10% by park and ride, 8% walk and 5% take the train.

(Oxfordshire County Council.

Consultations, 2010)

p. 3.4

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887

3.5 Road Network Oxford is well served by road and rail networks that give fast and direct access locally, nationally and from Europe. Oxford is connected to London, the M25 and the Midlands by the M40 motorway. The Other main motorways M4 and M5 are connected through the A420, A34 (which provides direct access to the south and west coast ports of Southampton, Portsmouth and Bristol), A40 and the A4142; Junctions 8 and 9 link directly to the city.

60 miles radius 97 Km radius

5

M5

M40

3

1

A44

2

A40 A40

M40

A420 A34

mass transit does not frequently pass through

M4

3 4

of environmental quality as well as the fact that inefto negotiate the city. to take the scheme further it could be considered that all visitors to oxford, would not be allowed to enter past the ring road.

The road network in Oxford city is relatively unplanned although the main arterial route, the Banbury road, passing through Summertown is well designed allowing for ease of vehicular access without excessive congestion. Little change for the highway is needed at this time.

Travel distaces by car.

Abingdon - 11 Km Bicester - 16 Km Aylesbury - 30 Km Banbury - 34 Km

Major Airports Bristol - 137 Km Southampton - 106 Km London - 96.7 Km Northampton - 72.6 Km Birmingham - 127 Km

1 - London Stansted 2 - London Luton 3 - London Heathrow 4 - London Gatwick 5 - Birmingham International Airport

this area has actually decreased within the last 10 years. This is a positive trend which can be credited to the park and ride system as well as improved cycle schemes and routes.

However the rate of car use is not decreasing quickly enough. Many people are still driving into the city, most of whom have adequate access to public transport. A cause of this is the ease of access to the city when compared to taking public transport. A one hour journey by bus can be reduced to 20 minuets by car in some cases. As this is the case, and the road system is already there a logical alternative is that more environmentally friendly cars are developed.

-

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

- Summertown, Oxford

p. 3.5

People using private road transport as % of those in employment 2001 to 2011

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887

‘20mph speed limit zones reduce road casualties by

20%’ Car Clubs Co-wheels is a ‘pay by the hour’ car club, with cars parked near to where people live and work. Members can access cars 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, without the cost and hassle of owning one.

People travelling as a car passenger as % of those in employment 2001 to 2011

A simple hourly and mileage charge covers fuel, tax, maintenance and comprehensive insurance- all you do is the driving. Cars are parked in designated parking bays and can be booked in advance or last minute either on-line or over the phone.

3

Propose Co-wheel car club located in Sommertown car park with respective designated parking bays. There is not a Co-wheels located on the North areas of Oxford, Fig.3.6.5 illustrates the location map of all the Co-wheels car club locations.

Every car club vehicle takes at least 15 personally-owned vehicles off the road British car club vehicles emit 20% less CO2 per kilometre than the average British car.

78% of car club members drive less than 3,000 miles a year and 60% drive less than 1,000 miles a year A typical UK Zipcar member saves around £3,000 per year vs. owning their own vehicle. Saving money while at the same time doing good for the planet.

Weakness

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

- Summertown, Oxford

Good road access to Summertown.

Lack of provision of car clubs stations.

to successfully accommodate buses, vehicles and bicycles. Moreover, off road short-stay parking and drop off area working very effectively.

Car dependence high percentage.

People travelling as a car passenger are incredibly low- carpooling should be encouraged.

p. 3.6

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887

3.7 Public Transport

.

21% of residents in transport to commute percentage point from

3

First Great Western operate a frequent direct train service from Oxford to London Paddington (approximately every 30 minutes). Stagecoach run a 24 hour bus service to London called the Oxford Tube. The Oxford Bus Company’s X90 offer’s a similar service.

Both services leave from the Oxford Bus Station at Gloucester Green.

Oxfordshire public transport network

Airline service on the other hand, its a day and night coach service to Heathrow and Gatwick airports.

National Express and Megabus are two services connecting Oxford with Birmingham and Bristol. The National Express provides also the coach 737 to Stansted airport 24 hours.

London Oxford Airport (OXF/EGTK - Kidlington) is the Thames Valley area’s primary regional and business aviation airport. Its strategic location makes it the the only commercial airport between London Heathrow and Birmingham and one of the fastest growing for private and business aviation in the UK since 2007.

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

- Summertown, Oxford

-

City2 buses run every few minutes from Banbury Road stops into the city centre, and from Magdalen Street in the city out to Summertown. The service is run by both the Oxford Bus Company and Stagecoach There are 5 park&ride sites in Oxford. Redbridge, Thornhill, Water Eaton, Pear Tree and Seacourt. On Fig.x they are illustrated as Oxford Bus Company’s 500 service runs approximately every 15-20 minutes from Water Eaton Park & Ride to Summertown and Oxford Bus Company’s 300 service from Peartree Park & Ride to Summertown

p. 3.7

aire conducted by the author, on site.

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887 Age range?

Travel time in minutes by bus by 9.00

15-24 years 25-44 years 45-64 years 65+ years

G

Where did you come from?

F

Oxford Area Surrounding area

E B

A

C 300 m radius 100 m radius

A. B. C.

Cherwell School – opposite school Cherwell School – outside school Ferry Pool Road - corner

E.

Summertown Shops – opposite Ewert Place

G.

South Paradae – outside BBC Oxford

How often you travel to Summertown?

Shop Work School Medical Catch 2nd bus

How often you travel to Summertown?

Public Transport: Buses To determine why buses are underused, it is good practice to verify the distance of bus stops in the area. Bus stops should be in a radius of 300m to be considered usable. Fig.3.6.2 clearly shows that the maximum distance to bus stops in Summertown is under 300m.

People using public transport as % of those in employment 2001 to 2011

2011 England average

Travel time is also another aspect that affects people preferences in choosing the type of transport.

Cars are prefererred to buses mostly because public transport takes longer time.

Bus frequency can change from town to town, but it is the intention of Oxfordshire County Council and Oxford City Council to improve the frequency and reduce the travel time (Oxfordshire Local Transport Plan). In Oxford the main routes have a frequency time of around 5-15 minutes during the week; during the week end bus frequency varies from 10 to 60 minutes (oxfordshire.gov.uk).

Thus, public transport: reliability, frequency and journey time improvements in encouraging people to take this service. It is desireble to improve the frequency of buses from the surrounding villages.

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

- Summertown, Oxford

2-3 times/week once a week Occasionaly

Is convinient to take the bus?

Yes No

Is the bus affordable? Ticket fare affordable?

Yes No

the bus?

Frequent Fairly frequent

p. 3.8

3

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887

3.9 Pedestrian and Cyclists: Overview

Cycle Track cheap and healthy means of transport through the city centre and beyond.

Local Signed Cycle Routes Local Signed Cycle Route Off rd

Oxfordshire Cycling Routes Map Therefore, attention has to be paind when cycling these routes most importantly take care

Recommended Cycle Route Recommended Cycle Route Off rd

not always well signposted. The map below clearly illustrates the main cycle routes and the quiet ones and those following the National Cycle Network route (NCN).

Cycle Lane and Cycle / Bus Lane National Cycle Network Route NCN Cycle Lane and Cycle / Bus Lane follows NCN Route Signed Cycle Route follows NCN Route Pedestrian Crossing Toucan Crossing Cycle Shop

3

Cycle Parking Cycle Access Only (Other vehicles restricted)

Short Routes - less than 15 miles Mid Distance - 16-30 miles Long Routes - more than 30 miles

Oxford Oxfordshire

3 2 1

Proportion of residents adults who usually

shown for comparison.

1

%

Bicycle lane and pedestrian lane, separated from the main road.

2

Signed cycle route through suggestive landscape.

Radius: 5 min walk

10

3 Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

No visible bicycle lane.

Not cycle-friendly.

- Summertown, Oxford

-

p. 3.9

3.10 Pedestrian and Cyclists

Alternative to Oxonbikes: Brompton Dock 24h cycle hire

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887

County Council will be considering expanding the scheme to the city centre. All hires are

Member Hires Average hire time Average distance ridden Most popular station Oldest member Youngest member

272 628 20 mins 2 km Thornhill P&R & John Radcliffe Hospital 76 years old 19 years old

3

-

Walking is the most popular mode of transport for short journeys and is an essential component of almost all other journeys.

Encouraging the transfer of appropriate trips from car to foot would reduce local congestion and contribute to reducing air quality problems. Such a transfer would be good for people’s health, would not damage the environment, and could contribute to the building of social cohesion and the deterrence of crime.

Killed or seriously injured , by parliamentary constituency where accident occured, Great Britain, 2005 - 2011

-

Although Oxford is a with pleasant walking routes, many of its streets and open spaces are made unpleasant by noisy and fastmoving vehicles.

Pedestrian crossings inconveniently placed and with badly proing stones, and steps ill-designed or plain dangerous. There are too many puddles and damaged kerbs. The pavements are too often obstructed by wheelie bins, parked cars, tumbled bicycles, and bus queues. There are not enough pleasant pausing places and seats.

Oxford Pedestrians Association work towards making Oxford a better place for people on foot.

The seven bike docking racks installed in:

Targets: · To promote walking as a means of travel and recreation · To campaign for the safety and convenience of pedestrians · To ensure that the interests of pedestrians are respected in transport planning and implementation

Thornhill Park and Ride The John Radcliffe Hospital London Road University of Oxford Old Road campus Churchill Hospital Oxford Brookes' Gypsy Lane site

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

- Summertown, Oxford

p.3.10

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887

3.11 Pedestrian and Cyclists: Good Practice Cities such as Malmö, Copenhagen and Amsterdam can provide good examples of cycle lanes and tracks that make people feel safe.

Segregated cycle lanes.

Provision of physical barrier.

Crosswalks.

Massive investments have to be disposed by the city of Oxford to renew the cycle network along the most used roads.

The target for the development in Summertown is to make the area more cyclists and pedestrian friendly. Carfree zones have to be created in the proximity to schools and community centre. Speed limit to be kept as 20mph.

Cycling Barometers Count Cyclist.

Toucan Crossing.

Possibly incorporating a large raised speed table.

Improve Cycle / Pedestrian lanes.

Avoid inconvenience between cycles and pedestrians.

Priority for Bicycles.

-

ing cyclists and provide a visual indication of cycling levels in Malmö, Sweden. These barometers are a way of showing how many people cycle in Malmö, and remind cyclists that they are appreciated.

Utrecht has specially painted bicycle-only lanes

Hercule Fence.

Improve visibility and avoid sense of insecurity.

at around thirty crossings in Malmö to detect approaching cyclists and automatically give them a greenlight. This allows

3 Improve Cycle / Pedrestrian signage

Free Air luting means of travel and can provide practical and healthy alternative to car travel, particularly for short distance trips.

Where destinations are concentrated in a small area, such

cycling much easier. Air pumps have been installed at six locations around the city – for cyclists who need to top up their air. The pumps can also be used for prams and wheelchairs.

from schemes giving priority to pedestrians and cyclists are most obvious. Encouraging walking and cycling over a wider area by providing a network of good quality routes pollution, increased safety and a contribution to the environment.

Weaknesses Bike Parking Sheltered Bike Parking Cycle track off the main road, Marston Ferry Road.

Low speed in Banbury street

Absence of cycle lane in Summertown secondary roads.

Absence of visible bicycle lane on the main road, Banbury Road. (Physical barrier) Signage to be improved.

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

Opportunities Improvements in quality of cycle lanes and therefore increase safety.

Encoraging people to cycle.

Cycle hire Oxonbikes. bike docking racks could be installed to promote cycling.

Repaving and make more visible cycle lanes.

- Summertown, Oxford

Convert a part of parking area in a car-free zone preferably areas in proximity to lesisure sentre entrance and path leading to Charwell school. Provide cycle lanes with appropriate barriers when carriage has to be shared with cars.

Improve the cycle lanes on the main roads to the site.

Install bike-sharing docking racks. Oxonbikes in Summertown.

p.3.11

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887 for 4hrs in any 24hrs.

Provison of E-car club parking spaces.

Although only two parking spaces its a good start in encouraging club cars.

Problems Large amount of cars encouraged to come to the site for retail and leisure.

Mon-Sat 08.00 to 20.00 0-1hr £1.10, 1-2hrs £1.60, 2-3hrs £3.10, 3-4hrs £5.10, 4-8hrs £12.80

acessibility to parking. Parking takes priority over green space and pedestrian areas.

Issues with Parking

Bicycle lane continues at the back of waste collection. Pedestrians seems to avoid that route. Preferring to walk trhough the car park.

Parking should be free More parking for bikes Maintain current parking for cars Need more spaces for new uses?

Need parking during construction process

3 Street furniture and bicycle racks.

Not pleasant and safe place to socialise with school friends.

The car park is not disable friendly. Slopes and uneaven paving.

able footpath from car park towards Cherwell School.

Observations There is a large variety of vehicles visiting the site to serve the mixed uses of the area.

Already division between carparks which is good as the site is not used as through road.

There is a lot of footfall and cycles passing through the site especially at the start and end of school day.

People are taking the shortest possible route through the car park. Moreover, there is a confusion around rights of way between public car park and pathway, which it makes it potentially dangerous.

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

Shops delivery Private parking School access Staff Parking Services i.e. waste collection University car park Public car park

Reserved bike parking. Provision of bike shelters.

Large raised speed tables.Change in surface texture is crucial to creating a more visual varied environment and to pshycologically slow -

- Summertown, Oxford

No Bicycle lane. Not cyclefriendly.

Pedestrian and cycle movement in the site Bicycle lane

p.3.12

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887 Figure Plans

-

Mapping exercise to show patterns of parking during the day. The survey was conducted on site and 40 people took part on this excercise.

Summertown car park. Access from Banbury Road via

8.00 am

Shops delivery Private parking School access Staff Parking Services i.e. waste collection University car park Public car park

3 NTS

Ferry Pool car park. Access from Marston Ferry Road via Ferry Pool Road

-

12.00 noon

Summertown car park primarily used for visits to shops, cafes and business in the area. Shops could become more localised in villages etc or supermarkets, such as M&S could develop an effective delivery service to surrounding homes and villages.

15.00 pm The busiest time thoroughout the day. Lots of school children walking through the site and parents paring there for after school shopping, the car park comes alive at this time.

14.00 pm Survey carried out on site revealed many of the car park users have come from relatively short distances.

Although many places are well connected with public transport people prefer to drive for convenience.

10.00 am

Car park at near to full capacity during the daytime, most cars have only one passenger.

17.00 pm

21.00 pm

21.00 pm The car park is well used on a Friday night, also still pedestrians passing through and a safe feel.

A large amount of vehicles have only one person. Car share shopping schemes would also be a viable optionto reduce the demand on the car park. Increasing the charges for the car park and making park and ride scheme more accessible would help reduce the amount of cars.

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

convenient to drive�

How often do you use this car park?

- Summertown, Oxford

but the bus is infrequent and I do not have time�

Would you use PT?

Where did you come from?

p.3.13

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887

3.14 Considerations

+ Time - Rushing in order to get in time to work

Effort - Physical effort to be made by either walking or cycling

3

+

Oxford Railway

Here comes the rain, but you can still bike!

Money - Bus fares and seasonal ticket fares.

Pedestrian and bicycle Route Vehicular Route, bus and car

Transport Infrastructures from railway station to Summertown in comparison.

Fig.3.14 illustrates the main route from the railway station to Summertown centre. Furthermore, it is essential to consider some of transport. Factors such as time, cost, comfort and weather determine different preference. This is part of a ‘cultural aspect’. People priorities affect their choices.

Travel Time: 37 min Cost: FREE

Linkage between transport and the environment.

Successful Scenario.

Taxi

Sustainable Urban Area

Travel Time: 9 min Cost: £6

Fewer cars More public transport

Travel Time: 12 min Cost: FREE

Travel Time: 16 min Cost: Single £2 or £3.30 Return

Travel Time: 10 min Cost: Estimated fuel cost £0.56

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

- Summertown, Oxford

Cleaner Air

continue to participate in the process as ideas

Tony Hathway, Planning local movement systems, p228

Lower Public Transport Fares

Subsody Free Public Transport

p.3.14

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887

3.15 SWOT Analysis

3.16 Conclusions

Helpful

to achieving higher levels of sustainability

Future

aspects of development on sustainability

Present

aspects of site affecting sustainability

Summertown is a popular centre, visible and positive examples of sustainable development can send a good message. community centre etc. Sustainable development could have positive effect for many people.

Good bus transport links to Summertown local centre Site treated as shared surface area with reasonably safe interaction between cars, cycles and people.

Harmful

to achieving higher levels of sustainability Summertown in high demand for shopping and other activities for which people require personal transport Not well connected to train for people visiting from further away.

Inconvenient distance from railway station to Summertown.

The price for the car park is less than taking park&ride bus for short stay.

Ease of use of car park encouraging many cars to visit there.

Real need from locality to retain car park as it is or increase

Local recycling area good for promoting environmental conand sustainable way.

Park&ride buses are all electric-hybrid. Electric buses should be implemented thoroughout, reducing pollution locally.

Intimidating and unattractive pedestrian environment, particularly for local people walking through to school and leisure centre.

Local and National Authorities have long given too much priority

respected by all the behicles. change. Streets belong to everyone.

Routes through to be improved for pedestrian and cycle especially path to Cherwell school to encourage children to walk and feel safe. Provision of interesting street lighting.

site, creating more pollution and reducing the quality of the public realm.

Increasing laziness in society means people are reliant upon car and have become attached to car park in order to perfor their routines and other activities.

carpooling and methods to decrease car dependency.

Focus development upon local and needs to prevent

walk and cycle in the area.

Quality of human experience of the area is reduced by

Local recycling area could be developed.

regularly. With some enhancements to the paving textures and the injection of green spaces throughout, this relationship could be much more successful.

Most importantly it will lead safer and more attractive environments for pedestrians and cyclists. This improvement in the public experience would encourage more people to walk and cycle locally and therefore reduce car usage.

When considering development of the site in relation to a sustainable movement plan it is important that no more cars are encouraged to visit the area. This is primarily because the car park is already near full capacity although it must also be acknowledged that car dependency must be discouraged for a more environmentally minded society. This is the target and the main priority, to reduce car dependence and promote healthier and more sustainable transport.

It must be recognised that the car park is an important part of the local make up, with many businesses relying on customers to drive to Summertown and use the retail area there. It could be proposed to segregate parking and the public realm however there is a feeling that this may diminish the experience of the site, certainly for the people driving to the area.

With all this in mind the big question is what do local people really need? for Summertown whilst at the same time not discouraging visitors to the area.

increasing car park dominance.

citizens’ travel patterns and consequently proposings a year improvement plan based on these results.

Priorities for a sustainable transport - Promote carpooling for work, shopping and pick up kids from school and other activities.

- Increase the amount and quality of the bicycle parking spaces as well as their location and security.

- Introduce incentives for those who walk or bike to work and coordinate “walk, run or bike to work

Provide parking for local houses so garden space can be freed for nature

people to try one of these alternatives.

Reduce trips to supermarket by providing delivery schemes from M&S etc.

- Option to increase the car park fare could lead to a prove accessibility by alternative transport methods.

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

3

Although the current panorama of the transport system and infrastructure is not optimal .... situation is more successful and should be considered as a benchmark for the Summertown overall transport targets.

Public transport: reliability, frequency and journey time improvements in ecouraging people to take this service.

Segregate parking to create better public realm.

The site is currently has not a clear identity of what use it serves. Although

- Summertown, Oxford

p.3.15

Movement: Anita Pawlik - 13076887

3.17 Bibliography http://www.co-wheels.org.uk/index.php/how-it-works/the-beneCycling in Oxford. Cyclox:the cycling campain for Oxford. [image online] Available at: http://www.transportparadise.co.uk/ cyclemap/ [Accessed 28th Sept 2013] month. The Oxford Times, [online] Available at:http://www.oxfordtimes.co.uk/news/yourtown/oxford/10576920.Oxonbikes_ clock_up_600_trips_in_month/ [Accessed 28th Sept 2013] Getting to Oxford. Oxford City Council, 2012. [online] Available at: http://www.oxford.gov.uk/PageRender/decTS/How_to_get_ to_Oxford_occw.htm [Accessed 10th Oct 2013] Cycling Statistics, Table CW0901. [online] Available at: https:// www.gov.uk/government/statisticaldatasets/cw090-cycling-to-work-at-local-authority-level [Accessed 29th Sept 2013] Oxonbikes, 2013. Oxfordshire County Council. [online] Available at: http://www.grandscheme.co.uk/oxford/ schemeNews?aid=24 [Accessed 28th Sept 2013] Oxford Aviation Services Ltd, 2013. Welcome to London Oxford Airport. [online] Available at: http://www.oxfordairport. co.uk/ [Accessed 10th Oct 2013] Oxford Bus Company. The City of Oxford Motor Services Ltd. [online] Available at: http://airline.oxfordbus.co.uk/ [Accessed 10th Oct 2013] 2013, p.30). Oxfordshire County Council.

3.14.6 RBS-The Royal Bank of Scotland. [image online] Available at: http://rbs-pocketmoney.co.uk/money.html [Accessed 11th Oct 2013]

3.6.4 Mail Online,2009. 20mph speed limit zones ‘reduce road casualties by 20%’. [online] Available at <http://www.dailymail. co.uk/news/article-1234954/20mph-speed-limit-zones-reduced-road-casualties-20.html> [Accessed 29th Sept 2013] 3.6.6 Zipcar Car Club, 2013 [image online] Available at: http:// www.zipcar.co.uk/ [Accessed 13th Oct 2013] 3.10 Oxonbikes, 2013. Oxfordshire County Council. [online] Available at <http://www.grandscheme.co.uk/oxford/ schemeNews?aid=24> [Accessed 28th Sept 2013] <http://www.bromptondock.co.uk/how-it-works/> [Accessed 1st October 2013]

Fig.3.7 Oxfordshire County Council. 2012. Public transport in Oxfordshire. [Online] Available at: http://www.oxfordshire. gov.uk/cms/content/local-transport-plan-2011-2030 (accessed 12/10/13) Fig.3.1 Based on google map. Google maps 2013. [online] Available at: https://maps.google.co.uk/maps [Accessed 11th Oct 2013]

http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171766_299766.pdf [Accessed 5th Oct 2013] Fig. 3.2.5 Townsend-Coles, E., 2000. Transport and the Future of Oxford. Parchment (Oxford) Ltd. p. 19

3.10.3 Oxford Pedestrian Association Available at: [Accessed 1st October 2013] cling Statistics, Table CW0901. [online] Available at <https:// www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/cw090-cycling-towork-at-local-authority-level> [Accessed 29th Sept 2013] 3.11 Malmö Cycling. [image online] Available at: http://www. malmo.se/download/18.58f28d93121ca033d5e800077/ [Accessed 29th Sept 2013] 3.11.1 Segregated cycle lanes. [image online] Available at: < http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segregated_cycle_facilities> [Accessed 29th Sept 2013] 3.11.2 Hercule Fence [image online] Available at: http://www. itoosoft.com/railclone/library.php?title=Chainlink [Accessed 29th Sept 2013]

?docid=15796&partid=16500 [Accessed 29th Sept 2013]

Fig.3.3 to 3.3.1 Oxford City Council. 2011. Oxford Core Strategy 2026. Policies Map [Online] Available at: http://www. oxford.gov.uk/PageRender/decP/Core_Strategy_occw.htm (accessed 12/10/2013) Fig.3.3.2 Oxford City Council - Core Strategy Examination in Public, The Proposals Map Fig.3.4 and 3.4.2 (ONS 2011 Census table CT0015 and 2001 Census table KS15. [online] Available at: http://insight.oxfordshire.gov.uk/cms/theme/2011census-economy [Accessed 5th Oct 2013]

Fig.3.8 mapumental [Online] Available at: http://mapumental. com/wp/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/OX41XZ_11.png [Accessed 5th Oct 2013] 3.8.1 Based on

.

ruary-2013 [Accessed 11th Oct 2013]

UK Taxi AutoFare, 20120-2013. [online] Available at:

Fig.3.5 Adapted from google map. Google maps 2013. [online] Available at: https://maps.google.co.uk/maps [Accessed 11th Oct 2013]

10th Oct 2013]

3.14.1 Patricia Katepoo, 1997-2013. . [image online] Available at: http://www.workoptions.com/take-backyour-time [Accessed 11th Oct 2013]

3.5.1 and 3.5.2 Oxfordshire County Council, Roads and transport [Online] . Available at: http://www.oxfordshire.gov.uk/cms/ content/transport-monitoring(accessed in September 2013)

3.14.2 NaldzGraphics.net, 2013. [image online] Available at: http://naldzgraphics.net/tips/top-challenging-clienthabits-every-designer-needs-to-handle/ [Accessed 11th Oct 2013]

Census%202011.pdf [Accessed 11th Oct 2013] 3.8.2 Bus stops in Summertown. [Online] Available at https:// maps.google.com [Accessed 11th Oct 2013] 3.8.3 Survey Coducted on Site by the Author in collaboration with Jonathan Evans and Syikin, fellow students.

Fig 3.9 Oxfordshire Cycling Routes Map, 2009. GPS Cycle Routes. [image online] Available at: http://www.gps-routes. co.uk/routes/home.nsf/cyclemap/Oxfordshire [Accessed 28th Sept 2013]

Fig.3.4.1 Based on Oxfordshire County Council, 2013. 2011

3.11.3 and 3.11.4 Rules For Pedestrians, [image online] Available at: www.gov.uk [Accessed 5th Oct 2013]

Oxford City Council. 2011. Oxford Core Strategy 2026. P28.

[Online] Available at: http://www.oxford.gov.uk/PageRender/ decP/Core_Strategy_occw.htm (accessed 12/10/2013)

Fig.3.7.1 Oxford Smart Zone. [Online] Available at: <http:// assets.goaheadbus.com/media/cms_page_media/238/SmartZoneMAP_3.pdf> (Accessed: 28 September 2013)

-

2013. [online] Available at: http://insight.oxfordshire.gov.uk/ Oxfordshire County Council. Consultations. [online] Available at: https://myconsultations.oxfordshire.gov.uk/consult.ti/trans-

Oxonbikes_clock_up_600_trips_in_month/> [Accessed 28th Sept 2013]

2012. [online] Available at: http://www.physics.ox.ac.uk/contact/ringroadmap.htm [Accessed 10th Oct 2013]

3.9.1 Oxfordshire County Council: Roads and Transport (2012). Oxford Cycle Map. [image online] Available at: <http:// ments/roadsandtransport/oxfordcyclemap.pdf> [Accessed 28th Sept 2013] (NOTE: Image taken from the website and altered for demonstration purposes within this report) Fig 3.10.1 Oxonbikes, 2013. Oxfordshire County Council. [online] Available at <http://www.grandscheme.co.uk/oxford/ schemeNews?aid=24> [Accessed 28th Sept 2013] Fig.3.14 Summertown to railway station distances Google maps 2013. [online] Available at: https://maps.google.co.uk/ maps [Accessed 11th Oct 2013]

Fig.3.6 and 3.6.1 Based on Available at: http://digital-photography-school.com/a-beginners-to-capturing-motion-in-your-photography [Accessed 10th Oct 2013] 3.2 Summertown.info, 2007-2013. Postcard 1905 [image online] Available at: http://www.summertown.info/history.html [Accessed 11th Oct 2013] 3.2.1 to 3.2.4 Summertown since 1820 - Ruth Fasnacht The Changing Faces of Summertown How Summertown Started Transport & the Future of Oxford Oxford Transport Study phase 3 The Making of a Regency Village - Origin, History and

3.14.3 Waves, Hills and Slopes. Posted on July 8, 2012 by lynng. [image online] Available at: http://skinnyandrichcoach. com/ [Accessed 11th Oct 2013]

travel%20Census%202011.pdf [Accessed 11th Oct 2013] 3.14.4 Picsto Pin. [image online] Available at: http:// www.picstopin.com/531/coloring-page-cyclist-img-9032/ http:||www*edupics*com|coloring-page-cyclist-dm9032*jpg/ [Accessed 11th Oct 2013] 3.14.6 East Bay Bicycle Coalition, 2010. [image online] Available at: https://www.ebbc.org/en/ node/8086 [Accessed 11th Oct 2013] 3.14.7 The City of Oxford Motor Services Ltd, 2013. [image online] Available at: http://www.oxfordbus. co.uk/thekey/ [Accessed 11th Oct 2013]

3.6.5 Co-Wheels Car Club, 2013. [image online] Available at:

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

from nomis. [online] Available at: http://www.oxford.gov.uk/

- Summertown, Oxford

Fig.3.6.2 Journey Time. Oxford City Council [Online] . AvailavelPlan.pdf(accessed in September 2013) Fig.3.6.3 Oxfordshire County Council. 2012. Roads and transwww.oxfordshire.gov.uk/cms/content/transport-monitoring (accessed in September 2013) trips in month. The Oxford Times, [online] Available at <http:// www.oxfordtimes.co.uk/news/yourtown/oxford/10576920.

p.3.16

3

3.17 Appendices

Survey conducted on site by the authors. 40 people where interviewed and successfully answered our questions.

p.3.15

Economy â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Naveen Gowd - 13089761

4. Economy 4. 1 4. 2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12

Economic Overview of Oxford and Summertown Human Capital Employment Other Economic Drivers Sustainable Businesses Alternative Economic Systems Innovations Living in Summertown Business in Summertown SWOT Analysis Conclusion & Recommendations References

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown Car Park Project

Pg 4.1

Economy – Naveen Gowd - 13089761

4.1 Economic Overview of Oxford and Summertown

Oxford is central to the economy of Oxfordshire and the surrounding area and is home to approximately 151,906 residents, 3,400 businesses providing 109,000 jobs and 9.5 million tourists who visit the city each year. Seven of the ten largest employers in Oxfordshire are based in Oxford. 89% of employees work in services, including 19% in retail, hotel and catering. There is a high level of in-commuting, with about half of Oxford's workforce living outside its boundary 1.

Summertown in north Oxford is a vibrant shopping and business centre and an attractive residential area. Bounded by the Cherwell River to the east and the Oxford Canal to the west it offers easy access to an incredible range of shops and services of all kinds, and to sports and leisure facilities and open countryside2.

Key Economic Facts of Oxford3, 4:  Oxford contributes approximately £4.7bn to the UK economy

Oxfordshire

 Oxford’s GVA per capita is estimated at £30,800, the fifth highest GVA per capita of any city in the UK (national average - £20,300)  Oxford is home to around 4,000 businesses providing 120,000 jobs  Oxford is the sixth most visited city in the UK by international visitors  Oxford attracts approximately 9.5 million visitors per year, generating £770 million of income for local Oxford businesses

Summertown

Oxford City

Figure 1: Summertown Parade on Banbury Road

Source: 1. Oxford City Council 2. Summertown Info 3. Economic Narrative 2012 by Oxford City Council 4. Economic statistics by Oxford City Council 5. Wikipedia

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown Car Park Project

Figure 2: Oxfordshire Map 5. (Wikipedia)

Pg 4.2

Economy â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Naveen Gowd - 13089761

4.2 Human Capital Resident population, March 2011 Summertown North Oxford All people

Oxford

1,413

7,209

151,906

Males

770

3,587

75,335

Females

643

3,622

76,571

Population density (number of people per hectare)

34.6

38.1

33.3

Table 1: Resident Population, March 2011

Total deprivation, 2010

Oxford flaunts the pride of having highest Qualified labor ration in Great Britain. Qualified labor stock of Oxford is higher than the average values of South East and Great Britain. About 62.3% of Oxfordâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population are NVQ4 and above under the National Vocational Qualifications in 2012.

South East and Great Britain average values are 36.8% and 34.4% respectively. This means, around 71,400 people are highly educated professionals in Oxford.

100

90

80

70

No qualifications

60

Other qualifications NVQ1

50

NVQ2 Figure 3: Total Deprivation Index, 2010

NVQ3

40

NVQ4 and above

32,482 neighborhoods in England have been ranked on a range of deprivation topics. Summertown in Oxford tends towards the least deprived neighborhood at a rank of 21,073. The most deprived neighborhood in England has a rank of 1. These markers show the overall deprivation ranking for Oxford. The further to the right the marker, the higher the level of deprivation in your area.

30

20

10

62.3% of the work force are highly qualified

0 Oxford

South East

Great Britain

Figure 4: NVQ Index, Source: ONS annual population survey 2011

Source: ONS - Office for National Statistics; Department for Communities and Local Government; Homes and Communities Agency - annual population survey.

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown Car Park Project

Pg 4.3

Economy â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Naveen Gowd - 13089761

4.3 Employment Summertown (%)

Oxford (%)

Great Britain (%)

Company Name

.

74 69.8

68.6

66.2

65

61.7

1

61 56.7 55.3

2

8

Oxford Radcliff Hospitals NHS Trust BMW (UK) Manufacturing Thames Vally Police Oxford Brookes University NHS Oxfordshire Oxfordshire & Buckinghamshire Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust

9 10

Midcounties Co-op Waitrose

3 4 5 6 7

9.5 6.4

Economically active

In employment

Employees

8.8

Self employed

5.7 3.6 5.1

Unemployed

Figure 5: Employment status of Summertown

Summertown Employment by Profession 0% 2% 2%

5%

3%

Oxfordshire County Council The University Of Oxford

Total Employees Employees in Oxon

Nature of Business

22,000

22,000

Local Authority

18,000

18,000

Education

10,136

10,136

8,000 8,181

3,700 2,902

NHS Trust Motor Manufacturer Police

2,800 2,500

2,800 2,500

Education NHS Trust

3,008

2,144

8,292 48,378

1,825 1,408

NHS Trust Consumer Businesses Retailer

Table 2: Top 10 Employers of Oxford Source: Oxford City Council

Managers and senior officials

12%

Professional Associate professional & technical

6%

Administrative & secretarial 13%

Skilled trades Personal services Sales and customer services 57% Process plant and machine operatives Elementary occupations

Figure 6: Summertown Employment by Profession Source: ONS annual population survey

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown Car Park Project

Summertown employment ratios are higher than Oxford at 68.6% being economically active and 66.2% in full time employment.

Pg 4.4

4.13 Economic Performance Economic performance - Gross Value Added at current prices by NUTS 3: Percentage GVA average annual change, 1998 to 2010 The total GVA for Oxfordshire in 2010 (ÂŁ14,977 million) represents 8% of 5.0 the total GVA for the South East region.

4.5 Between 1998 and 2010, the total GVA for Oxfordshire increased at an average nominal rate of 4.7% per year. This is greater than the average 4.0 annual change in the South East (4.5%) and greater than in England 3.5 (4.3%).

3.0 Economic performance - Gross value added at current prices by 2.5 industry group by NUTS 3: 4.7 4.5 4.3 In 2010, Public administration, education, health made up the largest 2.0 percentage share of the total GVA in Oxfordshire (23.7%).

1.5 Between 1998 and 2010, the GVA of this industry group increased at an 1.0 average annual rate of 7.4%.

0.5 The second largest group in 2010 was distribution, transport, accommodation and food â&#x20AC;&#x201C; accounting for 17.8% of the total GVA for 0.0 Oxfordshire South East England Oxfordshire.

Between 1998 and 2010, the GVA of this industry group increased at an Figure 7: GVA average annual change, 1998 to 2010 average annual rate of 3.7%.

Source: Office for National Statistics The Financial and Insurance activities sector showed the largest percentage increase between 1998 and 2010 with an average annual change of 8%.

Share of GVA by industry group, Oxfordshire 2010 0%

Agriculture, forestry and fishing

0.0

Share of GVA by industry group, Oxfordshire 1998 1%

Production 3%

5% Construction

14%

24%

6%

16% 17%

Distribution; transport; accommodation and food Information and communication

6%

Financial and insurance activities 18%

Real estate activities

15%

Business service activities

20%

14% 7% 8%

4%

Public administration; education; health

Other services and household activities

13% 3%

6%

Figure 8: Share of GVA by Industry Groups Source: Office for National Statistics

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown Car Park Project

Pg 4.5

4.4 Other Economic Drivers

Economy – Naveen Gowd - 13089761

Summertown is home to most of Oxford's broadcast media. BBC Radio Oxford and the BBC Television's Oxford studios are on Banbury Road. The studios for JACK FM, Glide FM, and Six TV Oxford are on Woodstock Road.

Figure 9: BBC Oxford Office on Banbury Road in Summertown (Source: Self)

Oxfam is an international confederation of 17 organizations working in approximately 90 countries worldwide to find solutions to poverty and related injustice around the world. In all Oxfam’s actions, the ultimate goal is to enable people to exercise their rights and manage their own lives. Oxfam works directly with communities and seeks to influence the powerful, to ensure that poor people can improve their lives and livelihoods and have a say in decisions that affect them. Each organization (Affiliate) works together internationally to achieve a greater impact through collective efforts.

Schools and Universities have been major contributors towards the economy of Oxford. The University of Oxford and Oxford Brookes University have significant impact on the economy of Oxford. The 2 universities together provide employment to almost 20,800 people (direct & indirect) which is 19% of Oxford’s employment. In 2011/12, the total number students studying in these 2 universities was 44,020 and generated an income of 1.174 bn £ towards Oxford’s economy. The indirect contribution of these students towards the local economy is far more bigger.

Summertown is home for some of the best state and private schools in UK. The Cherwell School, Oxford High School and Summerfields School are a few to name.

Data Source: The Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA)

1.174 billion £ - income generated by 2 universities in Oxford. 44,020 students 20,800 people employed in universities

Figure 10 - Oxfam Office on Banbury Road (Source: Self)

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown Car Park Project

Pg 4.6

4.5 Sustainable Businesses

Economy – Naveen Gowd - 13089761 As part of their aim, LCON is planning several food related projects to help local residents choose a more sustainable lifestyle. They say “The more food we grow and source locally, and the less food we waste, and the less carbon we emit – saving us money too.”

Farmers Market – Is a market organized by LCON, where residents are given an opportunity to enjoy, identify, promote and make accessible the best local food. By calculating carbon savings and also providing tastier, good value, community-sustaining produce local residents can lead the way in rethinking how people buy their food.

Low Carbon Oxford North (LCON) is a group of local residents offering practical advice to help people in North Oxford shrink their carbon footprint.

They work on a variety of activities in the areas of Energy, Transport and Food as well as offering a number of learning opportunities.

Source: LCON

In 2011 LCON set up Oxford North Community Renewables (ONCORE) to install solar panels on large roofs in North Oxford. The first project was to fund the installation of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels on the roofs of The Cherwell School. In the summer of 2011 ONCORE successfully raised over £160,000 for this project and in December completed installation of 47 kilowatts-peak (kWp) of solar panels on two buildings on the North Site of the school.

Figure 11: Installation of Solar Panels on the roof of Cherwell School (Source: http://oncore.org.uk/)

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown Car Park Project

Figure12: Farmer’s Market on 29th Sep 2013 (Source: Self)

14% of the UK’s overall CO2 emissions are attributable to food (growing, processing, packaging, transporting, preserving, cooking and disposing). - LCON

Pg 4.7

Economy – Naveen Gowd - 13089761

4.6 Alternative Economic Systems

4.7 Innovation The innovations in any place is illustrated by the number of patents it holds.

In UK, Cambridge holds the highest number of patents at 94.5 for every 100,000 of its population. Oxford is on number 4 with only 11.3 patents.

E-Car Club (Coming Soon) in Summertown is an initiative taken by LCON in 2011. In May 2012, The North oxford announced that it is delighted to be one of only three communities selected for a pilot electric car club scheme ‘The E-Car Club’. The concept is electric pay-per-use car clubs, designed to provide members of the community with the convenience and flexibility of full-sized electric cars and vans without the high cost of owning them. This initiative not only reduces carbon emissions but also save money and encourage people to use alternative forms of transport for small trips. - LCON

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Cambridge 17.2

Edinburgh

Bournemouth

100

94.5

Aldershot

Oxford

90

13.5 11.3 9.2

Derby

8

Aberdeen

7.3

Blackburn

6.8

Bristol

6.7

Gloucester

6.6

Figure 14: Top 10 Cities of UK with highest number of patents per 100,000 population Figure 13 – Map showing e-Car Club locations (Source: http://www.e-carclub.org/)

Coincidently the site allotted for the e-car club is same as the site we are discussing in this report. It is a great opportunity for the development to integrate the e-car club in its premises.

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown Car Park Project

Source: Cities Outlook

In spite of Oxford having large ratio of highly qualified people and skilled labour force, it lacks innovation. With only 11.3 patents per 100,000 population, it stands 4th behind Cambridge, Aldershot & Edinburgh.

Pg 4.8

Economy – Naveen Gowd - 13089761

4.8 Living In Summertown Figure 15: Average value of property sales in '000 £ £600.00 £500.00 £400.00 £300.00 £200.00

Summertown

£100.00

Oxford England

£-

Source: Office of National Statistics: Figure 17: Price-Index Map by Zoopla (http://www.zoopla.co.uk/market/oxford/)

Oxford is one of the most expensive places to live in UK. Among all the suburbs of Oxford, Summertown is the most expensive, which is second to Oxford City Centre. The two charts describe the property values and rental values in Summertown and other suburbs of Oxford. This indicates very clearly that Summertown’s property inflation needs to be controlled by having affordable accommodation units. Zoopla’s price indication map also describes the north oxford as the most expensive place.

Figure 16: Average value of rents in different suburbs of Oxford 3500

Average Rent PCM in £

3000 2500 2000 1500

1 Bed 2 Bed

1000

3 Bed 500 0

1 Bed 2 Bed 3 Bed

Oxford City Center

Summertown

Marston

Cowley (Near BMW)

3300 2205 2840

1950 2101 3033

425 983 1221

700 900 1105

Around Cowley Road 400 1639 2518

Property rates in Summertown are higher than national average and Oxfordshire average.

Headington

900 1042 1422

Data Source: Zoopla Property Group Limited (29th Sep 2013)

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown Car Park Project

Pg 4.9

Economy – Naveen Gowd - 13089761

4.9 Business in Summertown

Avg Rent for Retail Space £/Sq m

There are 101 retail units in Summertown, of which 80 are on Banbury road, 19 on South Parade and 2 on Oakthorpe Road. Just like the residential properties, the business properties are also very expensive in Summertown. Babury road is a thriving business centre providing access to various shops and services not only to the local people of Summertown but also from other parts of Oxfordshire. Major retailers include Tesco's, the Co-operative, Sainsbury's and Marks & Spencer. Babury road also houses various banks such as HSBC, Lloyd's, Barclays, Santander and NatWest, giving easy access to people for their banking needs. Most of Oxford’s media have Summertown as their home. BBC Oxford Studio is located on the north of Banbury road.

In spite of Banbury road being a very active shopping and leisure destination, the influx of major retail giants has affected the local economy adversely and also exacerbating the lack of commercial space for small retail businesses. There is also a threat of existing small business shutting down due to high cost of running businesses.

440

430

300 260

258

253

220 180

Banbury Road

Oxford City

Cowley

Botley

Doncaster Sheffield

Bingley

Hull

Figure 18: Average Rent for Retail Space Source: Estatesgazette.com & 4urban-Consulting

30 Figure 19: Number of Units by Shop Type in Summertown 25

20

15

10

5

0

By Lucy Mori - K L Mori Business Consulting for Architects

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown Car Park Project

Pg 4.10

Economy – Naveen Gowd - 13089761

4.10 SWOT ANALYSIS

Strengths

Weaknesses

• High Qualified Labour stock - Above national average NVQ4+ • 68.6% Economically Active Population •Educational Institutions • Access to major banks in UK • LCON

• High Cost of living • High cost of running business • Lack of innovation • Lack of small retail businesses

S

W

O

T

Opportunities

Threats

• Smaller and Affordable retail units • Less expensive accommodation • Innovation and technological developments • Alternative economic systems • More frequent Farmer’s markets

• Inflation • Shutdown of smaller businesses

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown Car Park Project

Pg 4.11

Economy – Naveen Gowd - 13089761

4.11 Conclusion & Recommendation In terms of economy, Oxford and its suburbs (Summertown, Cowley, Hedington, Marston, Botley & Wolvercote) have lot more positive aspects than weaknesses. Broadly, Oxford is both a successful economy and a successful place with large proportion of its population being economically active, highly qualified and skilled. As large as 69% of the population are qualified as Managers, Senior officials or Professionals. Around 46% of the total employment is provided by the top 3 employers – Oxford County Council, The University of Oxford and Oxford Radcliff Hospitals.

In terms of Gross Value Added, the major contributors are Public administration, Education, Health, Distribution, Transport, Accommodation and Food. Oxford is also a preferred tourist destination attracting close to 9 million visitors from across the world.

Educational institutions are the back bone of Oxford’s economy. The two universities – The University of Oxford and Oxford Brookes University contribute substantially to the local economy. With over 42,000 students studying in these universities, the income generated is over 1.17 billion £. The indirect revenue generated by these students towards the local economy if far more large.

There is a lack of innovation in spite of Oxford having large ratio of highly qualified people and skilled labour force. With only 11.3 patents per 100,000 populations, it stands 4th behind Cambridge, Aldershot & Edinburgh in UK. Among Oxford’s suburbs, Summertown in the north has been a vibrant shopping and business centre, not only for local people but also attracting people from other parts of Oxfordshire. Schools and Educational institutions have been the back bone of economy of Summertown as well. Some of the best state and private schools are to be found in and around Summertown. It is also a preferred destination for residential purpose.

Babury road is a thriving business centre providing access to various shops and services to the local people of Summertown. Major retailers include Tesco's, the Co-operative, Sainsbury's and Marks & Spencer. Babury road also houses various banks such as HSBC, Lloyd's, Barclays, Santander and NatWest, giving easy access to people for their banking needs. Most of Oxford’s media have Summertown as their home. BBC Oxford Studio is located on the north of Banbury road.

Other than schools, which are a form of sustainable businesses, Summertown is also encouraging other forms of Sustainable Businesses. Low Carbon Oxford North (LCON), a group formed by local residents with knowledge of sustainability is offering practical advice to help people of Summertown on reduce their carbon foot print. Since 2011, this group has been actively advising people on Energy, Transport and Food as well as opportunity to learn various other techniques. Oxford North Community Renewables (ONCORE), an agency formed by LCON has been instrumental in raising funds for installation of solar PV panels on flat roofs of Cherwell School in north oxford. With intent of sustainable economic system and lifestyle, LCON is planning several food related projects to help local food growers and consumers; Farmer’s market is one of them. However, there is an opportunity to have more frequent

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown Car Park Project

farmer’s market.

As an alternative economic system, another initiative of LCON is to introduce e-car clubs. This will be pay-per use electric car club which is designed to provide members of the community with the convenience and flexibility of fullsized electric cars and vans without the high cost of owning them. This initiative not only reduces carbon emissions but also save money, space and encourage people to use alternative forms of transport. Coincidently the site allotted for the e-car club is same as the site we are discussing in this report – Diamond Place car park. It is a great opportunity for the development to integrate the e-car club in its premises.

Cost of living has been high in Oxford, particularly in Summertown. The average sale price of residential properties in Summertown is higher than Oxford and England. The rental residential properties are also high in Summertown compared to other suburbs of Oxford. There is definitely lack of affordable accommodation facilities in Summertown.

Just like the residential properties, the business properties are also very expensive in Summertown. The average rent per square meter of retail space in Summertown is higher than the other suburbs and similar places in other parts of England. The influx of major retail giants has affected the local economy adversely and also exacerbating the lack of commercial space for small retail businesses. There is also a threat of existing small business shutting down due to high cost of running businesses.

Recommendations: The Diamond place car park which is in the heart of Summertown is an excellent location for an economically sustainable development. Without disregarding environmental factors, purely on the basis of economy, this report recommends the developers and planners to consider affordable housing units integrated with small less expensive retail units to promote local businesses.

The site can also provide better space for the farmer’s market with integrated green spaces. Since there is lack of innovation in Oxfordshire, the development can incorporate innovative techniques such as Passivhaus principles in its buildings. The primary objective of this development should be to control inflation in the area rather than having negative impact on the economy. This development should make Summertown a more affordable and comfortable place to live and invigorate ‘Health and Wellbeing’.

Pg 4.12

4.12 Reference

Economy – Naveen Gowd - 13089761

P. 4.2  Oxford City Council (2013). Economic Profile of Oxford. Available at http://www.oxford.gov.uk/PageRender/decB/Economic_Profile_of_Oxford_occw.htm (Accessed: 10 October 2013)  Summertown Info (2013). Available at http://www.summertown.info/index.php (Accessed: 27 September 2013)  Oxford City Council (2013). Oxford Economic Narrative 2012. Available at (http://www.oxford.gov.uk/Library/Documents/Council/Oxford%20Economic%20Narrative%20July%202012.pdf (Accessed: 03 October 2013)  Oxford City Council (2013). Economic Statistics of Oxford. Available at http://www.oxford.gov.uk/PageRender/decC/Economic_statistics_occw.htm (Accessed: 30 September 2013)  Wikipedia (2013). Summertown. Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summertown,_Oxford (Accessed: 30 September 2013)  [Figure 1 & 2]: Summertown Parade on Banbury Road. Wikipedia (2013). Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summertown,_Oxford (Accessed: 30 September 2013) P. 4.3 • [Table 1 & Figure 3]: Office for National Statistics; Department for Communities and Local Government; Homes and Communities Agency - annual population survey (2011). Available at http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/NeighbourhoodSummary.do?width=1&i=1001&profileSearchText=ox2+7hn (Accessed: 1 October 2013) • [Figure 4]: Office for National Statistics; Official Labour Market Statistics (2012). Available at https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/reports/lmp/la/1946157324/report.aspx?town=oxford#tabquals (Accessed: 25 September 2013) P. 4.4 • [Figure 5 & 6]: Office for National Statistics; Annual Population Survey (2011). Available at http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/NeighbourhoodSummary.do?width=1&i=1001&profileSearchText=ox2+7hn (Accessed: 1 October 2013) • [Table 2]: Oxford City Council; Top 10 Employers of Oxford (2011 Census). Available at http://insight.oxfordshire.gov.uk/cms/theme/2011census-economy (Accessed: 8 October 2013) P. 4.5 • [Figure 7 & 8]: Office for National Statistics; Economic Context of Oxford (30 April 2013). Available at http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/Info.do?m=0&s=1380381220681&enc=1&page=analysisandguidance/analysisarticles/local-authorityprofiles.htm&nsjs=true&nsck=false&nssvg=false&nswid=1366 (Accessed: 8 October 2013) P. 4.6 • Wikipedia (2013). Summertown. Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summertown,_Oxford (Accessed: 30 September 2013) • Oxfam; What We Do (2013). Available at http://www.oxfam.org.uk (Accessed: 27 September 2013) • The Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) Headline Statistics (2013). Available at http://www.hesa.ac.uk (Accessed: 8 October 2013) • [Figure 9 & 10]: Self Taken P. 4.7 • Low Carbon Oxford North (2013). Availabe at http://www.lcon.org.uk/ (Accessed: 26 September 2013) • Oxford North Community Renewables (ONCORE) (2013). Available at http://oncore.org.uk/ (Accessed: 26 September 2013) • [Figure 11]: Installation of Solar Panels on the roof of Cherwell School ; Oncore. Available at http://oncore.org.uk/ (Accessed: 26 September 2013) • [Figure 12]: Farmer’s Market (29 Sep 2013) (Source: Self) P. 4.8 • [Figure 13]: Map showing e-Car Club locations . E-Car Club (2013). Available at http://www.e-carclub.org/ (Accessed: 26 September 2013) • [Figure 14]: Cities Outlook; Top 10 Cities of UK with highest number of patents per 100,000 population (2013). Available at http://www.citiesoutlook.org/patents/patents-per-100000-2011/chart (Accessed: 4 October 2013) P. 4.9 • [Figure 15]: Office of National Statistics (2011 Census); Average value of property sales in '000 £. Available at neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/NeighbourhoodProfile.do?a=7&b=6275197&c=OX2+7HN&g=6459050&i=1001x1012&j=6310412&m=1&p=1&q=1&r=0&s=1381527818763&enc=1&tab= 6&inWales=false (Accessed: 1 October 2012) • [Figure 16]: Average value of rents in different suburbs of Oxford; Data Collected from Zoopla. Available at http://www.zoopla.co.uk (Accessed: 29 Sep 2013) • [Figure 17]: Price-Index Map. Zoopla. Available at http://www.zoopla.co.uk/market/oxford/ (Accessed 13 October 2013) P. 4.10 • [Figure 18]: Average Rent for Retail Space. Data source: Estatesgazette.com & 4urban-Consulting. Available at http://www.estatesgazette.com/propertylink/browse/retail-oxford-to_let.htm?1 & http://4urban-consulting.co.uk/Project.aspx (Accessed 13 October 2013) • [Figure 19]: Lucy Mori (2013)- K L Mori Business Consulting for Architects. Number of Units by Shop Type in Summertown – By Email.

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown Car Park Project

Pg 4.13

Quality of life - Health & well-being in the physical context Demographics Overview Health Culture Parks & Recreation Education Housing Pollution Crime Swot Analysis Bibliography

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford Alexander Ryan McDow -13079368

5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11

5.1

Quality of Life - Health & well-being in the physical context

Site Boundary

Demographics Overview Population statistics On Census day in March 2011, Oxford's 'usual resident population' was estimated to be 151,900.

Due to the large number of university students, Oxford has a relatively young population Population turnover is also very high. In 2001,

- the highest rate of any English local authority area

Oxford is an ethnically diverse city, and it is also internationally diverse. In 2011, an estimated 4,000 short-term international migrants visiting the city.

, and there were

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

Fig 1. Proportion of people of pensionable age, Oxford 2005 by Super Output Area

Fig 2. Proportion of people aged 0-15, Oxford 2005 by Super Output Area

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

Ethnicity statistics Oxford is an ethnically diverse Ethnic diversity increased

child population is considerably more ethnically diverse than the older population, which is one reason why the population is expected to become more ethnically diverse in the future.

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

Religion statistics Of every six Oxford residents in 2011: three described themselves as Christian two said they had no religion one either did not state a religion or described themselves as belonging to another religion, most commonly Islam

Summary

Between 2001 and 2011, the number of people describing themselves as having no religion grew by 18,000 as Muslim grew by 5,000, whilst the number of Christians fell by 8,000.

-

tion when creating new developments. promote integration between, different cultural groups.

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

Fig 3. Live Births to Oxford residents by motherâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s country of birth, 2001 - 2010 (OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

student development or something that is more family focused.

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford Alexander Ryan McDow -13079368

5.2

Quality of Life - Health & well-being in the physical context

Site Boundary

Health

Health Amenities GP, Opticians, Pharmacists, Councelling

Health statistics What is life expectancy in Oxford?

Life expectancy in Oxford is lower at 80.3 years than that of the South

How healthy are people’s lifestyles?

People living in Oxford do not live particularly healthy lifestyles. It is

Life expectancy and disability-free life expectancy at age 65, 2007-09 Disability-free years

Life expectancy at 65 years

11 years disability-free life

England

men and women from the least deprived areas can expect to live six years longer than those in the most deprived areas.

10 years disability-free life

57% Disability-free years as % of life expectancy

Chart title

How do mortality rates from heart disease and cancer compare?

Death rates from heart disease and stroke have declined over the past ten years and are now at the same rate as the England average. Death rates from cancer are close to the England average and show a similar fall over the past ten years.

16 years disability-free life

Oxford

drink. However levels of adult obesity are lower than average and the consumption of fruit and vegetables is better than average. of adults in Oxford engage in the recommended amount of physical exercise every week, slightly below the national average

LeLtethe Ltetthe gogoogdo ti m eth se d o tim str oro e lld… ss t t i m l tHrol… ess OO xOfo xxford l e l a r lth WfodrdHe …

53%

10 years disability-free life

0

aalksHealth W W alklkss alth

72% 95% confidence intervals

53%

5

10

15

20

25

Years life expectancy

Fig 1. Life expectancy by gender 2007-2009 (OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

Wa n EnW jo a t to

y nwt to sta TE he nn starrtt s W jocan lkist yo wt aato som ngart so TEn hen joy m ge F nttlle exer g annd mee gg we lkloin Sho ridays Bury comalaki eenn ddm e along , 10 ng aan Kn rterTh m tlee exer cise? meeee ow am co wa en ngto le ,m m eetititin lksBury Fr exw cisop eet Pe to arkalong aanan Tue Sh idays, 10 are Kn nngggnne to e?le? ow ercpe o nOOxOx u sda orter amoffe letsid ford ys, wal x erk rdn eww Bur,ym retdouPa ee fo Citks libra Kno f 10a ays altpeisoep? wle Frid o ar e y ts Par veid klibry.

C en ofmee rd HHeHe m , 10a Thu alk ryew le … ealtphehoW me em, rary.

Shorter,wal treferet douts rsdTuesda ev e ide e e libra t ks er ays Cityaare eaNEW y wkee . ry.

Wp e ? tCe Oxfoffered eve , 10 ysC,u10 lt k.

Rose Hillallk ry wee Wednesday ore slo, mee nt am tteam h W rd W k. ,m w t at ednednesd NEs, To Wat on ?…

W10a eet eCity Oxftre Rom, ParkCen esd Nay WTh nH se mee sdTuesdays, ordwTo Cu edur The Oval W 10 10a ays Es, tteasl m, t Hamee all. nesdays,H10 Roam, m Hill lk… wn t at Oxford rbeoPa semer Hall.

Tu Tu Tuesda , 10a Sum ks , m ow ays inam Tow t tow H ee rd

n Hall. esd esda rk eet at ys, Su , 10 eyCut 10am Mo , mmeeill onn The Rd ays ys, S10 mm, teslHa Thursdays, nda eetot t at NOA Oval am Park owe cakr rbor , 10 um Par am mer ,m ys, WedN 10a onn Commun Hi w d Rd park m, nk am m,em mee Esd eey ity se 10a ne W ay rteeCen t tre The O ,m t in r park All w Al All Patrkat Harbordca L s, m, Rd eetCeontwnat NOA Co carta va a l walkswalks are am, ca me ittle10 park at Nre Celed meeytr park m l ke talks atake et o moHin Monda Wed qua ea re kse ntreby OAlified lead munity Par narat leddist in cak. n re nday nesW Wa n atke le at ys, 10 NE gLi by ers and anc s, r C a a d re 10a W park. e and pac qual Wal distaksdileav m, b ttl e am, tim lks lealk ified om em qeuce suit leavnecestyan byore meet in car mee nem prom avestime unable park. e atim leplea an a ptly for all. ch ad t lif ity d so e pr on n and er ied pace om awea NEW gr d w anpdrowe s an n r ly arriv Mondays, Litt eenip sh lea foot suita se d e on ear mar pasuit ptlysud pt op soable byore For 10am, mee lem d bl wea pl ce ch e e su ea ita r. rs a for al t on gree ip shopo Fo ita so pbllee fosuita se For mor ar l. n n by chipn 0 morer mor aseotwebar e infobele info info le .fo drive on foo rma 18p6on 01 on vgasho arr plea twe tion rm252 rm 65 r contact se atio720 5 018 lvinvg5al25286 aor ati27 n pl r.ea ive on all.

Vicki vga o@o 7 25 lvin @o vin@ n20 xfor se or xfo 20ox r rd pleas d.gov.ukcontac rd.g ofo t Vick ov.u .gov.uekcon i tac k t Vic ki

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

© Crown Copyright and database rights 2012, Ordnance Survey 100020290

N

0

1

2

Miles

Legend as above

Fig 3. Life expectancy by ward 2002-2006

Depravation by ward, dark areas are most deprived

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

Available Health Amenities Chemists Rowland Pharmacy 227 Banbury Road, Summertown, OX2 7HQ Boots 221 Banbury Road, Summertown, OX2 7HQ Rowland Pharmacy

Doctors Banbury Road Medical Centre

Counselling Nicci Nowinska 51 Bainton Road, Summertown, OX2 7AG

North Oxford Medical Centre Oxford Private Medical Practice

Opticians Boots Opticians -

Dentists Oakthorpe Dental 27 Oakthorpe Road, Summertown, OX2 7BD Oxford Dental Centre 162 Banbury Road, Summertown Moreton Road Dental Practice 4 Moreton Road, Summertown, OX2 7AX Diamond House Dental Practice 199 Banbury Road, Summertown, OX2 7AR Summertown Dental Practice 279 Banbury Road, Summertown, OX2 7JF G.P. Craddock 409 Banbury Road, Summertown, OX2 7RF

Summertown, OX2 7DE Summertown Health Centre 160 Banbury Road, Summertown, OX2 7BS

town, OX2 7DE

Chiropodists Chiropodist 322 Banbury Road, OX2 7ED

Ferry Leisure Centre, Summertown, OX2 7DP

Complementary Medicine Summertown Clinic 362 Banbury Road, OX2 7PP

(SUMMERTOWN.INFO, 2013)

Sports Injury Clinic

Private Doctor Oxford Private Medical Practice Summertown, OX2 7DE Vets & Pet Care

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford Alexander Ryan McDow -13079368

Summary town encourages a dynamic high street and helps sustain the life of the town centre. to hospitals in other Oxford areas. the additional load or is there a need for a new development. an attempt to encourage active lifestyles for the inhabitants of summertown by promoting healthy routines such as walking and cycling.

5.3

Quality of Life - Health & well-being in the physical context

Site Boundary

Culture

Childcare Facilities

Oxford Culture Strategy 2012-2015

Cafe’s & Restaurants

Discover Oxford’s

Oxford City Council has three key priorities for culture: I. Lead a partnership-based approach to sustaining, developing and improving the cultural life of the city.

Public Art map of oxford’s outdoor art

15 .

7.

15.

11.

13.

12.

16.

Objective

Religous Buildings

10.

13.

12. .16 .

19

11.

Librarys

17.

10.

cal regeneration schemes.

18.

6.

4..5 9. .

8. 2..1 3

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2012-15)

7.

.21

14.

22.

.

20

.17

20.

Community Centres

22.

21.

.

18

Cultural Hot Spots

.14 19.

Farmer’s Market

Fig 1. Location Map of outdoor public art within Oxford (OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, N.D.)

cultural heritage.’

Upcoming Events in Oxford City September 2013

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2012-15)

Street 26 September - Calling all Oxford artists and supporters of the arts October 2013 centre 22-27 October - International Russian Circus Oxpens Oxford 2013 November 2013 11 November 2013 - Remembrance Sunday, City centre Oxford 22-24 November 2013 - Christmas Light Festival

Fig 2. Summertown retail overview by number of units (MORI. L, 2013)

Stadium. More information December 2013

Summertown Farmers Market

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

Summertown Market List of Traders 16=Cross lanes Fruit farm 2=Exotic Coffee this is family grown Colombian coffee and roasted /Blended in Oxford 3=Old Farm House Bakery organic bread from Oxford 4=Maryanne Jams 5=Oxford Delhi Freshly cooked mongol food maker

9=Cultivate Oxford organic veg and produce 11=Pie emporium oxford Based 12=Styan Veg family farm 13=La Parisnne french style bakers 14= Owens Fish 15=Greens Of Glastonbury Cheese

18=Puddings 20=Olive oil

(SUMMERTOWN.FARMERSMARKET, N.D.)

Summary for the new development to encourage social cohesion. multiple days without causing disruption to the existing retail units. Any new location for the farmers market must be ent beliefs and these need to be respected. community centre to allow for a more integrated center.

Summertown Farmers Market (SELF SOURCED)

Proximity of the market to the high volumes (SELF SOURCED)

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford Alexander Ryan McDow -13079368

(SUMMERTOWN.FARMERSMARKET, N.D)

centre. By providing outdoor exhibition space we can bring new cultural events into the heart of summertown.

5.4

Quality of Life - Health & well-being in the physical context

Site Boundary

Parks & Recreation

Parks Sports Facilities Accessible Parks (OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

Allotments

components England Swimming (sq meters 18.72 per 1000 population)

Oxfordshire County 29.66

Oxford City 42.78

Sports Halls (area in 77.66 sq meters) Gyms (number of 5.61 stations per 1000 pop)

95.76

80.51

5.86

8.52

Table two – Comparative levels of provision for swimming, sports halls and gyms

Fig 1. Comparative levels of provisions for key leisure components (BROOKE, 2009)

Oxford Green Spaces Strategy es to enhance the quality of life of everyone Fig 2. Catchments Areas of Oxford City Leisure FaObjective 03 - Oxfords Allotments, to retain the existing number of mancilities based on a 20 minute drive time at 15mph aged allotment sites and maximise their productive use.

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013) Objective 04 - Improving local access to green space Objective 05 - Improve connectivity between sites and to the large areas of open space with recreational opportunities that exist outside the City.

Objective 15 Objective 19 - Promoting sustainability within the parks service, to adopt and promote practices that contribute to the sustainable management of parks and open spaces and help to reduce the city’s carbon footprint.

Objective 23 - Promoting links between green spaces, to work with transport planners to identify opportunities to increase the number of safe walking, riding and cycling routes.

Objective 24 communities.

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

Upper Pavilion Modernisation Program

Five Mile Drive Pavilion Modernisation Program

!

!

Cutteslowe

Cutteslowe Park !

Refurbished Toilets

189

!

Lower Pavilion Modernisation Program

187

Summertown

176 178

Alexandra Courts Pavilion Modernisation Program

190

Wolvercote

!

Port Meadow !

Management Plan

188

182

!

Court Place Farm Pavilion Modernisation Program

Marston

!

Proposed Linear Park Barton

173

St. Margarets 186

154

Barton and Sandhills

227

!

Potential Green Pennant at Milham Ford

!

175

Headington

155

!

Risinghurst

Botley Road and Binsey

Pavilion Modernisation Program

Bury Knowle Park Refurbished Toilets

Quarry Recreation !

Pavilion Modernisation Program

223 225 391

180

City Centre

Refurbish Fitness Trail South Park

183 179

209

! !

Grandpont Pavilion Modernisation Program

206

211

Potential Fitness Trail Cowley Marsh

Wood Farm

361 234

174 181

232

471

Hinksey Park !

Refurbished Toilets

368

233

Abingdon Road

Horspath Pavilion !

Modernisation Program Cowley Marsh Pavilion ! !

Modernisation Program !

Proposed Cemetery Potential Fitness Trail !

Horspath Recreation Ground Florence Park !

Refurbished Toilets

198

Rose Hill / Temple Cowley

200

Rose Hill Pavilion !

Modernisation Program

463

153

Sandy Lane Pavilion Modernisation Program

!

Blackbird Leys

Key

185

Potential New Park ! at Minchery Farm

447

Urban Village

Pavilion Modernisation Program

!

Open Space

163

!

750m Walking Distance to Allotments Number of sites in Proximity

! !Blackbird Leys Park

191

Littlemore

Inactive Allotments

area and as such are not accessible to the general public.

Create Green Flag Park

184

Allotments

Summary

Shotover Park Management Plan

!

East Oxford

231

Maintain Country Park Accreditation

!

212

Gillians Park Safety limprovements

for the youth population within the area.

Action Plan Items Improved Green Belt Access

© Crown Copyright and database right 2011. Ordnance Survey 100019348.

1 2

-

Improved Green Corridor Public Rights of Way

3

County Greenbelt

4

0

1

2

3

km 4

bers. As many of summertowns residents have gardens there is little need for additional allotments.

© Crown Copyright and database right 2011. Ordnance Survey 100019348.

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford Alexander Ryan McDow -13079368

enhancing public knowledge of its whereabouts.

5.5

Quality of Life - Health & well-being in the physical context

Site Boundary

Education

Schools

Education and skills statistics Oxford is, in general, a well-educated city - in 2011 an estimated

or above compared to an England

At the 2011 Census, attainment levels of Oxford pupils are relatively poor Attainment levels at primary school were also relatively poor but have recently improved.

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

within 1,000 metres of Oxford, Oxfordshire OX2

schools (based on the most recent available inspec-

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2005)

(OFSTED, 2013) (OFSTED, 2013)

Summary families who live in the summetrown however, this raises the house prices within Summertown decreasing access and increasing the risk of the schools becoming elitist. mand for parking is high during these times and needs to be addressed. portunity to work with the schools to allow for public use of the land at designated times.

(OFSTED, 2013)

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford Alexander Ryan McDow -13079368

5.6

Quality of Life - Health & well-being in the physical context

Site Boundary

Housing

Potential for residential development Residential area

Housing statistics

which makes Oxford's housing among the least affordable in the country.

Rented housing in Oxford is also relatively expensive - indeed on one measure it is the most expensive outside London.

At the 2011 Census there were estimated to be 55,400 households containing 133,200 residents - an average household size of 2.4, which had increased from 2.3 in 2001. In addition there were 18,700 people living in communal establishments. percentage of households who own their home is relatively low rent their home in the private sector is high students in the city who drive demand for a large rental sector.

percentage of households who

Over the last decade the

, from nearly 11,000 households in 2001 to

Over the last decade there has been little change in the number of detached, semi-detached and terraced houses which people live in. However there has been a , from nearly 11,000 in 2001 to nearly 15,000 in 2011.

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

Average weekly earnings and average weekly house prices in urban areas

Average Property values by postal address

400,000 Oxford House price £303,000 Wages £494

Average house price (£, 2009)

350,000

London House price £354,000 Wages £627

300,000 250,000 200,000

Milton Keynes House price £184,000 Wages £523

150,000

Swindon House price £159,000 Wages £499

100,000 50,000

(ZOOPLA) 2013

0 300

350

400

450

500

550

600

650

Average gross weekly earnings (£, 2010)

Fig 1. London house prices but not the wages (OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

K'ngton & Chelsea 67% Westminster 66% Camden 58% H'smith and Fulham 56%

Fig 2. Growth in Oxford communal establishment population by ward 2001-2011 (OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

Brent 53% Tow er H'lets 52% City of London 51% Islington 49%

Oxford 48% Hounslow 46%

Summary

England 29% Lancaster 18%

Fig 3. Private sector rents are ninth least affordable in England (OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

ownership development.

Fig 4. Growth in Oxford houshold population by ward 2001-2011 (OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford Alexander Ryan McDow -13079368

more culturally rich high street.

5.7

Quality of Life - Health & well-being in the physical context

Site Boundary

Pollution Noise Source

Passenger car at 65 mph at 25 ft (77

dB level

dB effect

8am

10am

12pm

5pm

80

Possible damage in 8 hr exposure.

70

64

63

65

61

54

57

55

43

49

48

42

43

48

46

48

44

51

45

51

48

39

46

45

43

33

33

35

69

73

0

77

62

56

60

58

47

51

58

54

43

49

48

42

43

52

48

44

70

60

Annoyingly loud to some people.

1/2 as loud as 70 dB.

background music, Air conditioning unit at 100 ft Quiet suburb, conversation at home.

50

1/4 as loud as 70 dB.

40

1/8 as loud as 70 dB.

30

1/16 as loud as 70 dB. Very Quiet

of urban ambient sound Quiet rural area Fig 1. Comparative noise levels in dB (INC, 2013)

Areas of Air Pollution

a

Location of sound reading

Fig 2. Noise levels in dB’s around Diamond Place Car Park (SELF SOURCED)

cular diseases’ (COMEAP, 2013)

a b

c

l k

d

h i

e

f g

(OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2006)

referred to in the City of Oxford Air Quality Management Area Order 2010 (OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2013)

‘Very high concentrations of nitrogen dioxide can cause allergens and increase deaths rates’ (COMEAP, 2013)

Fig 4. NOx emmisions by vehicle type for Central Oxford (OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2006)

Summary

Fig 6. Levels of pollutants in Oxford city centre by type (DEFRA, 2013)

Fig 7. Impact of an introduction of lower NOx emitting buses and HGV’s (OXFORD CITY COUNCIL, 2006)

west of the site.

Noise and air pollution.

(EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2013)

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford Alexander Ryan McDow -13079368

5.8

Quality of Life - Health & well-being in the physical context

Site Boundary

Crime Summertown incidence of Crime 200

Crime Hot Spots Local Police Stations

150

St Aldates,Oxford,Oxfordshire OX1 1SZ

100 50 0

Oxford City incidence of Crime

Oxford Road,Cowley,Oxfordshire OX4 2LE

2500 2000

An social Behaviour

Bicycle the

1500

Burglary

Criminal damage & arson

1000

Drugs

Other the

Possession of weapons

Public order

Robbery

Shopli ing

The from the person

Vehicle crime

Violence and sexual o ences

Other crime

500 0

Fig 1. Incidents of crime comparison, Summertown has much lover levels of crime in comparison to Oxford City

Most recent crime statistics 200m from site July 2013

Fig 2. Crime comparison per 1,000 population

Summary to the car park, any new development should address this issue by means of actively discouraging crime by methods such as secure by design. mertown is shoplifting and bicycle theft.

Fig 3. Dominant levels of crime 200m from site

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford Alexander Ryan McDow -13079368

be an opportunity to reduce bicycle theft by locating cycle racks within clear view of other busy establishments.

5.9

Quality of Life - Health & well-being in the physical context Swot Analysis

Strengths

Opportunities

Demographics

Oxford is a culturally rich town with a variety of inhabitants from all corners of the world.

Health

Summertown has access to a variety of health facilities as well as reasonable access to the hospitals within Oxford city.

Culture

Integration of cultures is key to the cities survival that may lead to deprived areas and discouraging the use of the car

Summertown has the potential to become dependant on car travel discouraging healthy living.

encourage social cohesion

An outdoor exhibition space may be implemented with the development. Possibility of public art space or theatre

Inadvertently isolate or offend ethnic groups with lack of consideration over cultural exhibitions

Summertown.

multiple market days and expansion

Danger of isolating the farmers market if relocated out of view from Banbury road.

Summertown already has a community centre that plays host to many community events

Community centre is not a focal point of summertown. It is hidden from view from the main road

Summertown has an existing well established retail led high street

pendent retailers for consumer attention and retail space

Reinvent the entrance to the community centre to boost public awareness and use

Inadvertently oversubscribe the community centre

-

Additional retail units may be detrimental to the existing retail infrastructure.

-

Public may have a lack of respect for school facilities lead-

ants

Parks & Recreation

Summertown is surrounded by greenbelt and has potential access to nature reserves to the north and South.

ing summertown limiting public use.

mertown encouraging green corridors.

Education & Housing

Strong establishment of good schools. Education levels are high in the area.

Schools are pushing up housing prices limiting access to the area and decreasing diversity of social classes

of society

Schools will become elitist catering only to the higher levels of society that can afford to live in the area

reduced idle engine time decreasing pollution levels

tion levels.

-

and wildlife corridors.

Communities may lay claim to public space causing tension & segregation within the town

Pollution is of main concern on Banbury road. It does not

Pollution

public transport Noise levels on the site are relatively low

fair

Crime

-

Summertown is one of the safest places to live in oxford.

ness and use

Increasing noise levels to unhealthy discomforting levels discouraging use of the development

Address summer towns crime hotspots.

Inadvertently create crime hot spots within the development

summertowns crime hotspots.

Priority Issue

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford Alexander Ryan McDow -13079368

5.10

References Bibliography

Figures Page 5.2

EDINA. 2013. OS Map of Oxford, Edited.

Page 5.3

htm.

-

htm.

Page 5.4 Figure 2 - MORI, L. 2013. Retail by number of units.

Page 5.5

Page 5.6 -

Page 5.7 der/decC/HouseholdStatistics.htm. holdStatistics.htm.

Page 5.8 Figure 2 - Self Sourced

Page 5.9

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford Alexander Ryan McDow -13079368

5.11

Quality Of Life - Community, Culture & Social Capital : Ayub Abd Hadi - 13087855

6 QUALITY OF LIFE : Community, Culture & Social Capital 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Community 6.3 Culture 6.4 Social Capital 6.5 SWOT analysis 6.6 Conclusions & Recommendations 6.7 Bibliography

6 Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford

6.0

Quality Of Life - Community, Culture & Social Capital : Ayub Abd Hadi - 13087855

6.1 Introduction

[1] : An aerial view of Oxford (Source : Google Images)

The city of Oxford is well known for its historical background. Therefore the council takes great precaution in preserving the identity of Oxford. Now it is moving towards a cultural approach emphasizing on the aspects of culture and arts. As of the vision of Oxford City Council are; t5P XPSL JO QBSUOFSTIJQ XJUI 0YGPSE T LFZ TUBLFIPMEFST BOE DVMUVSBM QBSUOFST UP PÄ&#x152;FS BGfordable, excellent experiences. t5P EFWFMPQ BOE QSPNPUF DVMUVSBM BDUJWJUJFT BOE FWFOUT UIBU FOIBODFT BOE MFBWFT B MFHBDZ in the lives of individuals and communities. t5P FODPVSBHF BUUBJONFOU BNPOHTU ZPVOH QFPQMF BOE QSPNPUF DVMUVSBM BNCJUJPO 0YGPSE JT CFDPNJOH B NVMUJ DVMUVSBM UPXO XIFSF ZPV DBO TFF QFPQMF GSPN EJÄ&#x152;FSFOU SBDJBM background come together.

6

[2] : An example of culture in Oxford (Source : Google Images)

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford

6.1

Quality Of Life - Community, Culture & Social Capital : Ayub Abd Hadi - 13087855

6.2 Community

tionalstudents

(Source : Self Edited Google Map )

Population by religion, Oxford and England 2011 Christian Buddhist

6

Religion not stated 0

20

40

60

percentage of usual residents

Fig 2 : Population according to religion (Oxford City Council)

[3] : Summertown Farmerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Market (Source : Self)

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford

(Source : Google Images)

(Source : Google Images)

6.2

Growth in Oxford’s international diversity Oxford population by country of birth, 2001 and 2011

6.2 Community

2011

Quality Of Life - Community, Culture & Social Capital : Ayub Abd Hadi - 13087855

cade population

increase attributable to a rise in

entirely attributable to the

2001

in Oxford’s international diversity GrowthGrowth in Oxford’s international diversity

resident population.

Oxford country birth, residents bycade country of birth, Oxford 2011 Oxford population bypopulation country ofby birth, 2001 of and 20112001 and 2011Foreign-borncade population population

2011

2001

2011

increase to a rise in increase attributable to attributable a rise in

born in the Indian subcontinent.

2001

-

43,000 foreign-born residents

Irish

2001 Census and 2011

entirely to the entirely attributable to attributable the Indian

Oxford usual residents by non-white ethnic group, 2011 Census

Statistics

Other White

703

resident population. resident population. residents country of birth, Foreign-born Foreign-born residents by country ofby birth, Oxford 2011 Oxford 2011

-

Indian Bangladeshi Chinese

bornsubin the Indian subborn in the Indian continent. continent.

Indian

43,000 43,000 foreign-born foreign-born Indian residents residents

2001 Census and 2011 2001 Census and 2011

International Statistics Comparison Statistics

Statistics

Other ethnic group

City Council)

In comparison to other international

6 Fig 6 : Average rent in and around Oxford

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford

6.21

Quality Of Life - Community, Culture & Social Capital : Ayub Abd Hadi - 13087855

Comparison of the diverse shops in Summertown & Cowley

6.3 Culture The twelve stats ofofthe (so The twelve stats the Census Census (so far)far) 3,700 more 3,700 more households 151,900 households residents 151,900 16,400 residents - more than 2001

16,400 more than 2001

Growth in 2,600 more the total under 5s and population in 9,000 moreGrowth

2,600 more 15-34 year the total under 5s and olds population 9,000 more 55,000 15-34 year residents are Increase in olds of non-White British ethnic 55,000 group

national and ethnic diversity

residents are Increase in of non-White 43,000national residents 10,000 British ethnicwere born and ethnic group outside the foreign born

residents UK diversity arrived in the last 2 yrs

43,000 residents were born outside the UK

10,000 foreign born residents arrived in the last 2 yrs

5,800 more

Approx.

5,800 more students Approx.

5,000 more students aged 18+ students 5,000living more aged 18+ students in halls of living residence

Growth in the student population Growth in

the student population Growth and change in housing

in halls of 1,870 all residence

student households 1,870 all (increased by student 80)

households (increased by 5,100 80)

more homes since 2001

5,100

more homes Growth and4,700 more since 2001 homes are change in 4,900 more apartments or housing flats households rent homes in the private sector

4,700 more homes are 4,900 more apartments or flats households rent homes in the private sector

Council)

The reason

Summertown

Cowley

Cowley

The issues

-

6

allows Cowley to be sustainable

tional students

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford

6.3

Quality Of Life - Community, Culture & Social Capital : Ayub Abd Hadi - 13087855

[8] Market selling variety of food located in Stroud (Source : Self)

This no stalls that sell authentic cuisine (Source : Self)

burger stall.

Cultural Integration Could Create Fusion of New Delicacy or

6

Authentic Delicacy Contributes to The Cultural Integration sia (Source : Google Image)

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford

6.31

Quality Of Life - Community, Culture & Social Capital : Ayub Abd Hadi - 13087855

6.4 Social Capital United Reformed Church (Summertown) -Study groups St Michael & All Angels (Summertown) -Pastoral Care Team

The Muslim Education Centre of Oxford (MECO)

Friends Of Summertown Library library

6 (Source : Self)

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford

Strategy (Source : Oxford Community Strategy)

6.4

Quality Of Life - Community, Culture & Social Capital : Ayub Abd Hadi - 13087855

6.5 SWOT Analysis

6 Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford

6.5

Quality Of Life - Community, Culture & Social Capital : Ayub Abd Hadi - 13087855

6.6 Conclusion & Recommendations Conclusions

Recommendations

-

6 Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford

6.6

Quality Of Life - Community, Culture & Social Capital : Ayub Abd Hadi - 13087855

6.7 Bibliography 6.71 Images [9] 2010. Must eat food in Malaysia [Online]. Available: http://www.malaysia2c.com/must-eat-food-in-malaysia/ [Accessed 9 October 2013].

6.72 Figures Fig 2 : FRANSHAM, M. 2011. Usual residents by religion in Oxford and England. In: RELIGION, O. R. B. (ed.) http://www.ons.gov.uk/census. Oxford: Oxford City Council.

Fig 3 : FRASHAM, M. 2013. Growth in Oxford international diversity. In: DIVERSITY, G. I. O. I. (ed.) www.oxford.gov.uk/oxfordstats. Oxford: Oxford City Council.

Fig 5 : MARK FRANSHAM, O. C. C. 2011. Usual residents by ethnic group in Oxford, 2011 Census. In: GROUP, O. P. B. E. (ed.) http://www.ons.gov.uk/census.

Fig 6 : http://www.zoopla.co.uk/ [Accessed 9 October 2013] Fig 7 : FRANSHAM, M. 2012. The twelve stat of Census. In: CENSUS, T. T. S. O. (ed.) http://www.oxford.gov.uk/Library/Documents/Statistics/Dec2012.pdf. Oxford City Council.

Fig 8 : PARTNERSHIP, O. S. 2004. Oxfordâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Community Strategy. Oxford: Oxford Strategic Partnership.

6.73 Referrences 2007 - 2013. Summertown [Online]. Available: http://www.summertown.info/community.html [Accessed 9 October 2013].

ATTLEE, J. 2007. Isolarion : A Different Oxford Journey, The University Of Chicago Press.

FASNACHT, R. 1969. How Summertown Started, The Vicar and Churchwardens of the Parish of Summertown.

PARTNERSHIP, O. S. 2012. Available: http://www.oxfordpartnership.org.uk/ [Accessed 9 October 2013].

6 Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment - Summertown, Oxford

6.7

7 Conclusions

Retrict large scale retail developments Protecting the local economy

Sustainable Economy

Home grown sell and trade scheme

Expansion and relocation Increased operation public awareness

Promoting Economic Growth

Sustainable Resources Solar Panels Materials Energy

Farmers Market

tive effects on existing retail + house prices

Urban Agriculture

Affordable Housing Home Zone

HEALTH + WELL-BEING

Ensuring accessibility and social diversity

One Way System Connecting Ferrypool rd & Banbury rd

Cycle/Pedestrian Networks

Alternatives to Parking Distributed parking clusters Reduce demand

Sustainable Resources Hybrid or electric engines

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

Providing a safe link between Banbury Rd & Cherwell School for pupils & parents

- Summertown, Oxford

Water Harvesting SuDS

Increased Biodiversity Increased health & Well-being

Car Sharing More Accessible Public Transport (Cost & Frequency)

Schools

Sustainable Resources Public awareness of Leisure centre

Injection of greenspace

Infrastructure

Waiting zone for Parents

Sell produce at the farmers market

Community Centre Renewed Identity of Community Centre Provide a focal hub for community activities

Public Space Freedom from structured activities Public Exhibition Space

7

7 Conclusions From conducting this research we can see that Summertown is a complex system of variables that when addressed individually will lead to a multitude of scenarios. It is for this reason that our aim in this conclusion

suggested new route becoming a shortcut between Banbury and Marston Ferry Rd. Provision of large speed tables should be introduced at the entrance and exit of the site to encourage low speed. The car park should

Place car park.

Oxford is both a successful economy and a successful place with large proportion of its population being not only for local people but also attracting people from other parts of Oxfordshire. Schools and Educational institutions have been the back bone of Oxfords economy as well as Summertowns. Some of the best state and private schools are to be found in and around Summertown making Summertown a very desirable residential destination.

boulevard for pedestrian and cycle use. Bicycle shelters and racks will be incorporated throughout in clearly visible areas. The vision is of a pedestrian and cycle friendly area although it will retain its original parking function as adamantly requested by the local community.

A proportion of Car club parking bays should be provided at an initial rate of 10% of the total parking spaces with potential to increase with demand. The bus stops provided around the site are all within walking distance therefore, we believe it would be advisable for the community forum to contact the Oxfordshire City Council and put forward a strategy for more frequent buses through Summertown and the Surrounding villages.

The availability of good schools and proximity of Summertown to the centre of Oxford has led to the dramatic creates risk of the area becoming elitist. It is for this reason that we propose a small scale development of Summertown is mainly inhabited by British white people but there is also a high percentage of non-white British people in the area. This shows that it is becoming a more multi-culture society. This cultural integration is not apparent in Summertown in comparison to Cowley. A affordable housing development may help to attract habitants from a larger social dynamic promoting Summertowns cultural diversity Any housing development needs to take advantage of contemporary methods to achieve a sustainable design. These methods may include; using renewable resources, maximising solar gain, passive house design methodologies, rainwater harvesting and solar collectors for the production of electricity and hot water, therefore reducing the demand on non-renewable resources.

Farmers Market via a grow and sell/trading scheme. This in turn supports the local farmers market leading to better community integration and economic growth within the town. There may also be an opportunity to give the famers market a dedicated site allowing for future expansion and increased operating times. However, if the market is to be relocated it must remain within clear view of Banbury Rd to avoid isolation.

The site is strategically situated at the connection of Banbury Rd and Marston Ferry Rd. Banbury Road serves as the main connection to Oxford city while Marston Ferry Road connects to Marston town and has hospital facilities. There is an opportunity to create a new route or pathway, a space of interest with multiple functions, to promote safer pedestrian access for the large student population of Cherwell school.

Although Summertown is located in the heart of Oxfordshire green belt, one of the key features it is lacking is accessible green space. There are two green corridors of protected green belt that run North-South either velop into a situation where the only local green space is either through schools (access permitting) or via the This lack of a public green space where people could gather, meet up or hang around freely may be restricting the freedom of younger generations which currently lack voice in the local forum limiting the integration between age groups of the local Summertown community. By introducing green space we have the opportunity to create a new land mark for the residents in and around Summertown. In turn this will give families and younger generations space for development without the restrictions of structured programs. economically and culturally connected Summertown. Integrating this space with other agendas such as, connecting Ferrypool and Banbudry roads, creating parks and relocating the farmers market, we can ensure that Summertown will become a more sustainable, healthy and well planned town.

More green space not only increases biodiversity but also adds to the viability of Urban agriculture within the housing development.

To summarize, there is a ability to create a development that focus on community needs incorporating natural systems and create a safe environment for the people of Summertown invigorating health and wellbeing whilst stimulating sustainable economic growth.

It is to be stressed that additional congestion at Banbury Road must be kept to a minimum once the development is complete. Two potential accesses from Banbury Road and one access via Ferry Road can be the area.

We believe that there is potential to reduce the car park by 30% as it is only during school rush hours that the car park is in full demand. This reduction will be compensated with a short-stay policy implemented in the proximity of the schools and Community Centre via clear signage and distinctive paving texture. It would be

Group 1 - Sustainable Built Environment

- Summertown, Oxford

7