ECO-RESORT

THESIS REPORT SESSION: 2017-2018

ECO RESORT AYUSHI SURANA Batch: 2013-18 THESIS GUIDE- AR. MANISH JAIN

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE (JAGANNATH UNIVERSITY)

Plot No.-IP-2&3, Phase IV, Sitapura Industrial Area, Jaipur

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TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO. Appro al …………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………… i Declaratio ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….………….. ii Ack o ledg e ts……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. iii List of Co te ts.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… i 1. INTRODUCTION . I troductio of the project………………………………………………………………………….……..6 1.2 ECO RESORT…………………………………………………………………………………………………….…

1.3 Aim /objective/ Importance…………………………………………………………………..………….

1.4 scope a d li itatio s of the study…………………………………………………………………...8 1.5 Methodology………………………………………………………………………….………………………….9 2. DATA INFORMATION . Case studies ………………………………………………………………………………………………..…10-24 2.2 Findings from literature survey / sta dards ………………………………………………..… -34 2.3 Collection of Data & Inferences……………………………………………………………………… -38 3. ANALYSIS 3.1 LOCATION………………………………………………………………………………………………………39-40 . Cli ate……………………………………………………………………………………………………..…… -42 . THE SITE………………………………………………………………………………………………………… -44 3.4 BUILDING LAWS…………………………………………………………………………………………….45 4. PLANNING AND DESIGN APPROACH . ZONNING AND CONCEPT……………………………………………………………………………… -50 4.2 DESIGN CONSIDERATION AND REQUIREMNES…………………………………………….. 1-52 4.3 (ELECTIVE) SUSTAINABLITY CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES………….……………….54--66 4.4 LANDSCAPE……………………………………………………………………………………………….… -68 . Dra i gs……………………………………………………………………………………………………..69-71

CONCLUTION ...........................................................................................72 BIBLOGRAPHY.......................................................................................... 73 LIST OF FIGURE.........................................................................................74

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INTRODUCTION 1.1 NEED OF RESORT: Our life has been evolved and education has been flourished in recent centuries. Although, the stress has been increased on the individuals making them need to entertain themselves. From here the idea of tourism resort appeared people usually travel from one place to another in order to find entertainment and relaxation.

The approach in this research is to design an environmentally friendly resort that will serve the environment.

The resort is considered a place for relaxation , entertain for the visitors and tourists, and having this project in Rajasthan, will help to promote for such kind of tourism.

Figure 1 ECO RESORT

1.2 ECO RESORT : An eco-resort offers a ‘tropical experience’ to visitors. Such a resort makes only a minimal impact on the environment without compromising guests’ comfort and safety. It can also be an economically viable alternative to typical air-conditioned structures. The eco-resort has to draw on and blend with the local natural and cultural environments by employing principles of Environmentally Sustainable Design (ESD). It must minimise use of energy through passive solar design and, where additional energy inputs are required, it should utilise the renewable resources of sun, water and wind. It also has to make minimal impact on the environment by limiting waste, emissions, pollution and other undesirable effects of its operation. In very broad terms, the impact that the resort will make on the environment can be derived from solutions adopted for: * energy and water supply * discharge of waste and emissions * construction technology and materials used in buildings and infrastructure, and * direct human impacts through daily activities on the site.

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1.3 AIM To design an Eco resort not only for leisure but will offer tourist a complete eco experience.

1.3.1 OBJECTIVE The main objective of this proposal is-

Comfortable design which portrays an environment of leisure and promotes interaction with nature.

Respond to climatic and energy consumption issues raised by present day architecture through sustainable design. disadvantages. .

Cost effective and functional design.

1.3.2 IMPORTANCE OF THE ECO RESORT : The combined development principles of two prominent trends in the hotel resort industry, the eco-resort, has resulted in a new ecologically conscious hotel sub-type: the Eco-Resort.  The application of green technology and practices has moved from far-flung eco-resorts to inner city hotels. The attraction that guests feel to vacation while promoting environmental responsibility is now being supported for those who choose to vacation eco resorts and seek the amenities afforded by those lodgings while contributing to the health of our planet.  Eco resort produce the environment benifical local community and help guest learn about the local surroundings.  True eco resort not only offers eco friendly sighting but also the accommodation, transportation and other faculities .

DESIGN CONSTRUCTION IN HOT ARID ZONES Designing building is the first important thing to preserve the buildings from outdoor climatic changes. So, should build the buildings according climatic design. The physical and structural comfort in buildings is the result of balance between temperature of human body and its surrounding environment. Architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment.

The Rajasthan desert is hot and ever hotter with climate change. The sun is harsh. There is little water. Deserts have the advantage of diurnal temperature differs as much as 40 degrees from the daily high to the low just before dawn. And that means that even on the hottest days, people can enjoy the outdoors. The architects and interior designers create those outdoor spaces suitable with desert.

There are some important points that must be available in design building for hot-arid zones:

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ilation by regulated air movement and small openings.

conduction gain in hot seasons.

Increase air circulation in humid regions.

1.4 SCOPE :  The scope of project are the eco resort with recreational facilities .  They intended to go some distance far from city so that they can enjoy the environment .  The project provides a lot of scope for site planning and landscaping.  The project provides an outlet to study the local architecture: an exercise in the evolution of an architectural vocabulary which takes the inspiration from the local and architecture, keeping in mind of the climatic factors,behavioral pattern and the user attitude.  It also provides the opportunity to study the local culture and heritage.  A resort demands the formulation of an ambience which can provide people to relax and leisurely spend their time , at the same time satisfying all their functional needs. Thus, this project gives the opportunity to deal with the visual, behavioral, technical, and functional aspect of the design.  With the increase in level of income and dual income in the family, people are frequently enjoying vacations and seeking of some quality spaces around which Rajasthan lacks.

1.4.1 LIMITATIONS :  Their will be limited research and study on feasibity of project and detailed site suitability will not be analyzed.  The project will not cover detail related to landscape design though research will done according to architectural requirement.  The project will not focus constructural analysis of built structures of resorts, although structural consultation will be made and it will not be sufficient.  Detailed environment assessment will not be done due to limitation of knowledge in this field and it is not our primary focus.

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ECO RESORT 1.5 METHODOLOGY –

CASE STUDY

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CASE STUDY 2.1

LAKSHMAN SAGAR, RAJASTHAN

Figure 2 LAKSHMAN SAGAR RESORT

ABOUT : Location: Raipur Road, Near Haripur Railway Station, District Pali, Raipur, Rajasthan 306304 Distance from Jodhpur Airport: 99.6 kms (approx.)

Distance from Jaipur Airport: 198 kms (approx.)

Distancefrom Beawar RailwayStation:30.4 km(approx) .

Distancefrom Sojat railway station: 33 km(approx) Distance from pali: 9.3 kms (approx.)

ARCHITECT – KAMATH REVATHI STUDIO The Lakshmansagar Resort, located at the foot of the Aravalli range Lakshman Sagar was built in the late 19th century as a hunting lodge by the then Thakur of Raipur, Lakshman Singh though with a conservationist view of the heritage and surroundings.There re-conceptualizationof Lakshman Sagar is manifested through the endless detailing in the architecture & design.

The original structures consisted of a colonnaded veranda and a ‘haveli’. The colonnade, which was used as the ‘mardana’, overlooks the plains on one side and the lake on the other while the three-storey ‘haveli’ enclosing a courtyard was used as the ‘zanana’.

The Zanana (women) quarters and Mardana (men) quarters, designed historically for the ladies and men respectively, offer hints to Rajput culture and traditional customs like pardah or reflecting the granduer of mehfils&baithak.

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Figure 3 MARDANA

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Figure 4 ZANANA

Spread over 32 acres along the man-made lake, the 12 cottages have been meticulously planned and conceptualized and are located in two clusters on either side of the facilities.

Merging Rajasthani design with eco sensibility, the twelve mud and stone cottages, supplement the Mardana and Zanana and invoke an experience both private and symbiotic with nature.

A swimming pool was dug out of the rocks adjacent to the original ‘haveli’ and fissures in the geological formations guided the shape and form of the pool is in rock-cut architecture.

Figure 5 ROCK-CUT ARCHITECTURE

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Figure 6 ROCK-CUT ARCHITECTURE

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TOTAL AREA: 32 ACRES TOTAL NO. OF COTTAGES: 12 BUILTUP AREA OF COTTAGES: 900 SQFT YEAR OF COMPLETION: 2010

Figure 7 SITE LAKSHMAN SAGAR

1.LAKE 2.ZANANA 3.MARDANA 4.TOILETS 5.SAND 6.POOL 7.COTTAGES

Figure 8 SITE PLAN

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DESIGN PHILOSOPHY : The original structure consisted of a colonnaded veranda and haveli. The colonnade which was used as the mardana, overlooks the plain on one side and the lake on the other while the three store haveli enclosing a courtyard was used as the zanana.

The property features The Zanana & Mardana which are the common.      

Dining lounging areas The single rock cut swimming pool The sun-deck meant for sunbathing and leisure Private dining & live cooking A man made private lake with lounge decks An organic vegetable garden.

DESIGN FEATURE : The 12 cottages mud and stone are divided into two zones either side of man-made water channels.That is field with rainwater harvesting 3 sepreate water channels are made for collection of water.

Figure 9 RAINWATER STORAGE CHANNEL

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Figure 10 VIEW FROM ARTIFICAL LAKE

DESIGN CONCEPT : Introduced the ‘Zero Kilometer’ design concept. This stressed their belief that while design should be innovative and functional, efforts should be made to involve local craftsmen and preserve local traditions. This not only brings down the cost of a project substantially, but also reduces environment pollution entailed by transportation and makes quality control easier to manage, in addition to involving the local craftsmen and sustaining livelihoods in the region. Eco Friendly Architecture.

ZERO KILOMETER CONCEPT zero kilometer concept and reflective of the 'slow' lifestyle of sourcing all materials from the vicinity, the architecture reflects the local way of living.

The striking bright pink curtains, reminiscent of the local grab, flowing from the windows of the quaint hunting lodge creates a picture perfect impression as one enters the resort. Similarly, inside the grey slate and mud cottages made in a rough chinaistyle, the bedroom and living areas flow into one another. A similar flow continues towards the bathrooms, where an open door echoes with the ethos of non-divided spaces of rural homes.

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Figure 11 NATURAL VEGETATION

MATERIAL: Influenced by the indigenous Rajasthani architecture, the cottages have been re-interpreted in sustainable design using locally sourced products like wood, stone and mud.

Figure 12 COTTAGE VIEW

The cottages are located in the natural topography taking into account views, trees, rocks, wind, sun, and drainage patterns. Design responses to these factors gave each cottage a distinct form and identity. The materials used for building were all sourced locally – the foundations were made of local slate; the sun dried mud bricks for the walls were made on site; local sandstone was used for door and window frames as well as brackets, lintels and roof slabs; ‘kikar’ (Acacia) and eucalyptus logs were used as beams; local Bidasan marble was used for flooring; bathrooms were built in sate masonry with basins carved from solid rocks.

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Figure 13 COTTAGE

    

Figure 14 COTTAGE DECK VIEW

locally – the foundations were made of local slate. the sun dried mud bricks for the walls were made on site. local sandstone was used for door and window frames as well as brackets, lintels and roof slabs. ‘kikar’ (Acacia) and eucalyptus logs were used as beams.

Local Bidasan marble was used for flooring.

Figure 15 COTTAGE SECTION

Figure 16 WOODEN DOOR

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Figure 17 DUCT

Figure 18 COTAGE ENTRANCE

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POOL LIVING AREA

OPEN

BEDROOM

ENTRANCE TOILET

TOILET

Figure 19 COTTAGE PLAN

Figure 20 COTTAGE LIVING AREA

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Figure 21 COTTAGE BEDROOM

Figure 22 COTTAGE TOILET

Figure 24 COTTAGE OPEN DECK

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Figure 23 COTTAGE TOILET

Figure 25 COTTAGE OUSIDE VIEW

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CASE STUDY 2.1.1

DESERT RESORT ,MANDAWA, RAJASTHAN

Figure 26 MANDAWA RESORT

ABOUT : Location: Mukandgarh Raod, Mandawa Mandawa ,Bikaner highway, Mandawa - 333704, Rajasthan.

Distance from Delhi Airport: 245 kms (approx.)

Distance from Jaipur Airport: 180 kms (approx.)

Distance from Jaipur Railway Station: 196 km(approx) .

Distance from Mukundgarh railway station: 16 km(approx) Distance from Mandawa: 1.4 kms (approx.)

Figure 27 DIRECTION

THE DESERT RESORT : The Desert Resort at Mandawa is built a top a magnificent sand dune flanking the acres of desert landscape.

The desert resort, a unique and charming retreat, is a verdant oasisin the midst of stark desert terrain that offers panoramic views of all around.

Figure 28 MANDAWA VIEW

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DESIGN PHILOSOPHY : This resort indicates that it is within the realms of possibility to effectively combine modern creature comforts with the very basic rural dwellings .The suites are designed in a cluster of buildings that constitute one house and are grouped around a courtyard. These cluster then come together to form the main villages street.

Figure 29 COTTAGES

Figure 30 POOL WITH CABANAS

MATERIALS : In this project, mud was mainly used. Mud was not only cheaper but also the most appropriate both, climatically and aesthetically. Locally available materials were used for construction.For the structures sun dried bricks where used. the sun dried mud bricks for the walls were made on site. local sandstone was used for door and window frames as well as brackets, lintels & roof slabs. concentric circle with bamboo strips holding the straw together.

Timber. thatched roof. stone slab polished and paint. wooden door and windows.

The indigenous cooling system ,khas tatti window unit system.

Figure 31 DOOR WINDOW

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Figure 32 THATCH ROOF

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ZONNING :

Figure 33 DESERT RESORT MANDAWA TOPOGRAPHY

The site is divided into two zones the built zone covering an area of 3 acres and the unbuilt zone covering an area of 33 acres.

Figure 34 SITE DEVELOPMENT MANDAWA

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Figure 35 ZONNING OF RESORT

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SITE PLAN :

Figure 36 SITE PLAN OF MANDAWA 1.

ENTRANCE 2.

RECEPTION 3.

LOUNGE 4.

BAR 5.

KITCHEN 6.

DINNING ROOM 7.

POOL 8.

WEDDING POOL 9.

SANDPIT 10.

LAWN 11.

BUFFET 12.

BAR 13.

TOILETS 14.

PLATFORM FOR PERFROMANCE 15.

FARMERS HOUSE 16.

BATHAK SUIT 17.

KITCHEN STORE UNIT 18.

WEAVERS HOUSE 19.

KITCHEN UNIT 20.

STORE UNIT 21.

ROOM SUIT 22.

POTTERS HOUSE 23.

POTTERS WORKSHOP SUIT 24.

SUITE ROOM 25.

WATER TANK 26.

TEMPLE Figure 37 HUTS PLANS

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DESIGN CONCEPT : In this project, mud was mainly used. Mud was not only cheaper but also the most appropriate - both, climatically and aesthetically. Locally available materials were used for construction. The sun-dried bricks came from the bed of a dried out tank, adjacent to the hillock. The thatch came from the grass growing on the site itself, the stone for the foundations, sills, lintels brackets and roofing slabs and other built in furniture came from Ragunathgarh (25 kms. away). The wooden lathe workers from Laxmangarh were to make a peg and other small fixtures. The local village carpenters (Khatis) were to put together and the carve them,the local masons were to build the structures, and the women from the near by villages were to hand plaster and finish the wails with moldings, relief work, embedded mirror work and also mould in mud elements, such as choolas, platforms, grain bins a stores etc. and finally draw on the walls.

COTTAGES :

Figure 38 COTTAGES

The huts/cottages were actually supposed to form a cluster of 8 huts in which 2 huts are meant to represent the farmers' huts, three weavers' huts and three potters hut. They are not placed in a row nor do they share common walls. Each unit is a separate unit and unique and yet a part of the whole cluster. Spaces have been created for social interaction. A chakki (stone flourmill) a grinding stone etc. is embedded in the platform & steps outside the huts to indicate how people interact and socialize in rural areas. The cottages are built on brick foundation.The walls, sleeping platform, etc are made of brick plastered with mud and covered with cow-dung.Outside the walls and windows are decorated with motifs painted.

Each hut is unique, what they all have in common are creature comforts provided which are a bit incongruous with the surrounding. The walls have niches for old-lamps and very quaint mini-windows even have wire mesh to prevent insects from invading the interiors. Windows provide light as well as ventilation though they are small in size. Floors are plasters with cow-dung roofs of some of the huts are thatched while others have stone slab roof which have been left without polish and paint 20 | P a g e

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Figure 39 COTTAGE PLAN

PLANNING AND SPATIAL ORGANISATION The entry to the complex is through a gateway sort of cut-out from where one can see the cluster of mud huts in the framework of a typical Shekhawati style gateway. The 3m. Wide pathway leads to the huts. After one enters the entrance lobby, the reception and office is just adjacent to the main entry from where visitors can easily access the restaurant, bar and the huts. Opposite the reception is a lounge that is sunk by 0.6 m. and the corridor passes along the lobby overlooking it.

LANDSCAPE All the pathways are paved in brick and are flanked by hedges 3'height on each side. No big trees are seen in the resort due to poor soil conditions. Only old trees are present which give a feeling of being sculpted. An open dining area presents a magnificent view of the landscape stretching ahead for miles. Light fixtures are placed in the gardens & courtyards to sit and enjoy in night. A conical Obri with thatched roof and small openings has been made as a landscape element to give a real effect of a village.

Figure 40 LANDSCAPE AT MANDAWA

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LITERATURE STUDY 2.2

ANANTA RESORT , UDAIPUR

Figure 41 ANANTA RESORT

ABOUT : Location: Village Bujhda, Tehsil Girwa, Kodiyat Road, Udaipur, Rajasthan.

Distance from Maharana pratab Airport: 35.5 km (approx.)

Distancefrom udaipur RailwayStation : 10.1 km (approx) .

Distancefrom Udaipur city : 7km (approx)

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ANANTA RESORT :         

Spread across 75 acres of lush greenery the resort encompasses 182 contemporary villas Its premium gateway resort surrounded by the aravallis Ananta Udaipur has international standard spa naturopathy, Swedish spa theraples, oriental spa, yoga, meditation etc.

Two eclectic dining outlets Special kids' activity area Outdoor swimming pool Spa and fitness center Largest divisible banquet halls in Rajasthan

Figure 42 SITE VIEW ANANTA

Figure 43 DECKAREA

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Figure 44 VILLA

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Figure 45 SPA BLOCK

Figure 47 KIDS PLAY AREA

Figure 49 DRIVE WAYS

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Figure 46 PLAY GROUND

Figure 48 RECEPTION

Figure 50 GYMNASIUM

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Figure 51 INDOOR PLAY AREA

Figure 53 AMPHETHEATER

Figure 55 POOL AREA

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Figure 52 BUFFER AREA

Figure 54 SOLAR HEATER

Figure 56 PARKING AREA

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Figure 57 SITE PLAN ANANTA

Figure 58 KITCHEN ZONNING

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Figure 59 ADMIN KITCHEN RESTAURANT PLAN

Figure 60 GRAND SUIT (BEDROOM)

Figure 61 GRAND SUIT LIVING AREA

Figure 62 GRAND SUIT PLAN

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Figure 63 JUNIO SUIT PLAN

Figure 64 JUNIO SUIT BEDDROOM

Figure 66 OPEN SHOWER AREA

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Figure 65 TOILET

Figure 67 OPEN BATH

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Figure 68 LOUNGE

Figure 69 BEDROOM

Figure 70 DULEX PLAN

Figure 71 ENTRANCE

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Figure 72 BALCONY

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Figure 73 PRESIDENTAL SUIT

Figure 74 ENTRANCE TO VILLA

Figure 76 DINNING AREA

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Figure 75 SWIMMING POOL

Figure 77 LIVING AREA

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Figure 78 BEDROOM

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Figure 79 DINNING AREA

PARKING: 

Total number of cars that can be parked at a time on site are 712 cars.

CONCEPT:     

The design concept of this resort is by GM.architects.

This resort have steep contours which allows a play of variable heights.

The Ananta Udaipur is beautiful and well maintained property where locally available stones are being used in the facade of the building making it very earthy.

Beautiful drive way to the reception having trees on either sides of the roads.

Road is made up of cobbled stones giving very earthy feeling to the visitor and the road flows with the contours of the sites having natural slopes , turns and curves as of the site. The scenic beauty around it gives a very close to nature feel.

REQUIREMENTS:         

TOTAL AREA OF SITE TOTAL ROOMS RESTRAURANT ADMIN BLOCK BAR GYMANISUM CONFERENCE ROOM DECK AREA BANQUET HALL

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– 40 ARCE – 182 – 500 SQM – 250SQM –150SQM – 180SQM – 120 SQM – 250 SQM –168 seat (Balinese style of architecture)

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INFERENCES

2.3

S.NO

REQUIREMENTS

LIVE CASESTUDY1

LIVE CASESTUDY1

1.

SITE LOCATION

LAKSHMAN SAGAR,PALI

2.

3.

4.

5.

SITE AREA BUILTUP AREA GROUND COVERAGE CLIMATE

6.

7.

ACCOMMODATION BUILDING MATERIALS

32 acres 3 acres 42% DRY AND SUNNY WEATHER 12 COTTAGES SUN-DRIED BRICKS,SANDSTONE ,GREY SLATE,KIKAR, LOCALBIDSAN MARBLE.

MANDAWA RESORT,MANDAW A 33 acres 3 acres 20% HOT AND DRY

S.NO

REQUIREMENTS

LIVE CASESTUDY1

LIVE CASESTUDY1

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

RECEPTION/WAITING DELUXE ROOMS JUNIOR SUITES GRAND SUITES PRESIDENTIAL SUITES ADMIN KITCHEN BAR BANQUET HALL TOILETS LOUNGE SPA JACUZZI RESTAURANT AREA SWIMMING POOL AMPHETHEATER SHOPS/ BAZARS STAFF QUATERS ELECTRICAL SUBSTATION MARRIGE AREA WATER TANK & PUMP ROOM PARKING

110 sq.m 83 sq.m 113 sq.m 7 sq.m 22 sq.m 130 sq.m 7m x 6m 350 sq.m 180 sq.m 105 sq.m 15M X 10M 300 sq.m

120 sq.m 40-45 sq.m 40-45 sq.m 50 sq.m 130 sq.m 240 sq.m 200-220 sq.m 120 sq.m 7 sq.m 22 sq.m 220 sq.m 150 sq.m 380 sq.m 140 sq.m 450 sq.m 15M X 10M 750 sq.m -

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15 Cars

74 COTTAGES MUDBRICKS,SANDS TONES, COWDUNG, THATCHED ROOF,BAMBOO STRIPS.

LITERATURE CASESTUDY1 ANANTA RESORT,UDAIPUR 75 acres 4.4 acres 38% HOT SEMI-ARID CLIMATE 182 VILLAS SANDSTONE, COBBLED STONE, THATCHED ROOF.

LITERATURE CASESTUDY1 246.31 sq.m 58 sq.m 58 sq.m 139 sq.m 418 sq.m 246.31 sq.m 391.37 sq.m 160.00 sq.m 3126 sq.m 7.8 sq.m 27.3 sq.m 1467 sq.m 83 sq.m 970.29 sq.m 264.12 sq.m 786.70 sq.m 138.56 sq.m 708 sq.m 230 sq.m 1000-1200 sq.m 304 sq.m 343 Cars

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AREA REQUIREMENT

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ANALYSIS 3.1 ABOUT BARR,CITY : Bar is a Village in Raipur Tehsil in Pali District of Rajasthan State, India. It belongs to Jodhpur Division . It is located 99 KM towards East from District head quarters Pali. 1 KM from Raipur. 227 KM from State capital Jaipur.

Total geographical area -: 1508 hectares Total population -: 6,777 people No. of Residence -: 1,386

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SITE VICINITY  NEAR BY CITIES – RAIPUR BEAWAR JAITARAN BILARA SOJAT

-10 KM -21 KM -27 KM -48 KM -54 KM Figure 80 SESMIC ZONE III

 NEAR BY LANDMARKS BUS SATION RAILWAY STATION BEAWAR RAILWAY STATION JODHPUR AIRPORT SHRI KHAKHI RESORT GOVERMNENT HOSPITAL SANSKAR PVT ITI BEAWAR

-0.8KM - 6.3KM -21 KM -118 KM - 1.1 KM - 9.9 KM - 21.6 KM Figure 81 DISTANCE FROM RAILWAY STATION

 NEAR BY DISTRICTS -: AJMER PALI JODHPUR JAIPUR DELHI

-77 KM -94 KM -122 KM -215 KM -480 KM Figure 82 DISTANCE FROM JODHPUR AIRPORT

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Figure 83 DISTANCE FROM BUSSTAND

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3.2

TOPOGRAPHY

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SITE ACCESS

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SITE ACCESS

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3.3 SITE LOCATION : “Ubar Rd, Kaya Bheela,Barr,Rajasthan, Site Area: 18 Acres (73437 Sq Mt.) Neighbourhood Context: Shri Khakhi Resort ,Bus Stand.

Soil Type: Sandy Alluvial(6%), Silt Loam, Clay And Loamy Sand.

Topography: Slighter Contourland Annual Rainfall: 500 Mm To 450 Mm Climate: Hot And Semi-Arid Geology: Major Rock Types :Malani Igneous Suite Contact, Chittar Patthar, Yellow Stone, Limestone, Sandstone.

Relative Humidity: Highest-80 % & Lowest -30 % Water Supply: Jodhpur Municipal Corporation Irrigation Canals: Jawai Dam, Sumerpur,Pali Power Supply: Jodhpur Power Generation Company

SITE PHOTOGRAPHS

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TOURIST SPOTS :

Figure 84 MOSQUE

Figure 86 ADINATH TEMPLE

Figure 85 SHRI KHAKHI RESORT

Figure 87 JAWAI BANDH DAM

SERVICES : ELECTRICITY SUPPLY -: Jodhpur vidyust vitran nigam Limited distributes power in whole jodhpur, Pali,Bar, & other cites of Rajasthan .

IRRIGATION CANALS: Jawai bandh dam.

WATER SUPPLY -: Jodhpur municipal corporation .

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BUILDING BYE-LAWS – ( JDA – 2017)

TOTAL SITE AREA : 73,437 SQ MT. (18 ACRE) ALLOWABLE G.C. 35% (25,700 SQ MT.) PERMISSIBLE F.A.R – 1.5 MAXIMUM HEIGHT PERMISSIABLE -: 12 M SET BACKS -: FRONT – 18 M SIDES – 9 M REAR –9M

(1) Each Of Street Parking Space Provided For Parking Motor Cars Shall Be Not Less Than 15 Sq. Mts. Area (5.5 Mts. X 2.7mts.) And For Scooters And Cycles The Area Of Each Parking Space Provided Shall Be Not Less Than 3 Sq. Mts. And 1.5 Sq. Mt. Respectively.

Building HEIGHT- Means A Building With Ground Plus Three Or Less Floors (Excluding The Basement) Or A Building With A Height Of Less Than 15m.

Staircases.

(1) Any Building Having More Than Four Floors Including Basement Or Sunken Floors, Shall Have At Least Two Staircases, One Of Which May Be An External Stairway: (1) The Minimum Width Of Stair Shall Be Not Less Than 1.20 Metres (2) The Minimum Width Of Tread Shall Be 30 Cms (3) The Height Of Riser Shall Not Exceed 15 Cms Ramps.Ramps If Provided As A Substitute For Stairways Shall Be Laid With A Slope Not Exceeding.

1 In 10 And Such Ramp Shall Comply With All Requirements Of A Stairway And Shall Be Surfaced With Approved Non-Slippery Materials.

Corridor, Verandahs And Passageways.The Clear Width Of Any Corridor, Verandah Or Passageway In Any Building Shall Be Not Less Than 1.0 Metre At Any Point.

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4.1

ZONNING

SITE IS DIVIDED INTO THREE ZONES-:  PUBLIC  SEMI-PUBLIC  PRIVATE ZONES

DIVISION OF ZONES FUTHER INTO RESORT REQUIRMNETS –l

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DESIGN EVLOUTION

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CONCEPTUAL SITE ZONING -: Site has been divided into two half – One which is more Private and semi private zones containing Residential Cottages, Suites, Villas, Then some recreational areas like Meditation centre, entertainment zone, Swimming pool, Amphitheatre , Spa and Sauna created near artificial lake in a peace and serene interaction with the nature and an attempt has been made to maximize view potential.

Major access to the site from northern side, so more Semi public and Public areas are designed their. areas are taken in adjacency with entrance, which also helps in minimizing with circulation path and distance of these to the parking lot. These areas include Reception, Meeting rooms , luggage room ,and on other side Restaurant , bars and separate kitchen.

And towards left their public fuctional area meant by theme party lawn and in connectivity Banquet hall ,kitchen and separate restaurant for one who resides in banglowes which is meant to serve a varied kind of activity user groups is provided with an alternate entry so as not to disturb Major administrative and Back-ofhouse areas are having their accessibility from northern side of the site acting as a service entry for the Resort. Lagoon and landscaping which interacts with the Cottage ,Suites villas and bungalows has been suggested in the design proposal.

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CONCEPT Concept of building has been made to intake the nature resource and its most throught sustainable materials , natural constructive techniques , vernicular materials are used , natural light ,water irrigation, solar energy to the roof of the building.

Following design considerations • The application of green technology and practices has moved from far-flung ecoresorts to inner city. The attraction that guests feel to vacation while promoting environmental responsibility is now being supported for those who choose to vacation •

Eco resort produce the environment benifical local community and help guest learn about the local surroundings.

•

Natural light and ventilation is provided with maximum no. of windows with different size and angles.

Play of faced according t sun movement. The form is traditional and eye catch to attaract more visitors.

Sunshade device proposed on building to create shade on facade.

A large artificial lake (water body) at the center of site it helps in passive cooling.

By Achieving was to virtually eliminate HVAC by deploying passive and low energy strategies amongst other cost saving strategies such as the use of local materials, techniques etc.

• • •

COTTAGES -: Typically made in traditional and sustainable built form, with pitched roofs, locally available materials stone ,mud and use connected by covered pathways Also there is a provision of semi private spaces to interact like viewing decks, covered walkways, cut-outs in floor to appreciate sustainable materials.  Cottages have two bedroom and attached toilets and a pantry for self cooking and a foyer with huge duplex living area with outside open sitting deck .

VLLAS -: These are also made in tradational sustainable style with sun-dried bricks , mud with pitched roof and other locally availabe materails.  Villas have two bedroom and attached toilets and a pantry for self cooking and a foyer with huge living area and outside open sitting deck.

SUITS -: Suits are made in a traditional style of hotel accommodation with a lagoon surrounding individual units. Viewing decks are attached to each unit to make them a part of nature. Special they are built in locally available stones.  Suits have two bedroom and attached toilets and a pantry for self cooking and a foyer with huge living area and outside open sitting deck with Jacuzzi.

BANQUET HALL -: is provided with separate side entry so that its functioning does not interfere with the functioning of Resort. Its is connected with kitchen which has separate service entry from back side.  Banquet design for 200 seating with separate male and female toilets.

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RESTAURANT -: Restaurant is provided with a viewing deck for dinning and at the same time outer court which further act as a buffer space for spill over activities. It has direct connectivity to kitchen services for better services.

BUNGLOWS -: Bunglows is provided with a viewing deck for sun bath and view for artificial lake and their is open family dinning space and at the same time outer court with surrounded pargolas act as a recreational space which has covered walkways for particular family to walk around or sit besides . It has seperate electrical car pathways. 

Bunglows have two 3bhk which have 3 rooms with attached toilets and balcony . their is separate open dinning for both the houses.

AMPHITHEATRE -: Amphitheatre has been designed with a 360 view much similar to street performances. This should serve as a platform to showcase the traditional art from Rajasthan to the tourist. This has been acting as an all weather facility which has a artificial lake view.

MEDITATION BLOCK-: These are further secluded and placed at the center away from the residential zone. Resident have a choice of meditating against backdrop of water body. Whose wave reflects upon the incident sunshine as shimmering light on the walls. These blocks are also connected to the landscaped green where residents can stroll around.

SPA AND SAUNA -: These are the placed at entertainment zone only zones as they will be in operation for only part of the day, and are also accessible from swimming pool. Both of the spaces are provided with and spaces which can be expanded into Semi private zones . Person sitting lake can enjoy the view to the various part of the site but at the same time panoramic view to the artificial lake.

LANDSCAPING -: Landscaping forms an important feature that integrates different spaces of design and reminds the guest of the back waters and lush greenery. Gazebo has been developed in the site as a part of soft landscape which has sitting at small intervals .

Small rocks have been used to create sitting areas. It has Connecting walkways over the pargolas. Uniform bollard lighting appropriately lighting areas is suggest.

In central block water forms a vortex in the central focal element and landscape is integrated around it. Treatment of boundary wall was also a issue of concern so plants and creepers all along its perimeter will add an organic touch to the environment.

PARKING -: Parking is provided at the northern and western corner and is located very close to all public zones and administrative zones. An attempt has been made to buffer noise and visibility by creation of earth mounts and green landscaping around the parking lot. This parking lot has a capacity of 120 cars which can be expanded to 150 cars. Some area for tourist buses are available .Small area of surface parking is also provided for staff on to the western side of service entry.

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4.2

•

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DESIGN CONSIDERATION Orientating buildings so that their long facades are exactly perpendicular to the wind direction (i.e. facing the wind) is not required.

•

If the openings were located in

adjacent

walls,

cross-ventilation

better

resulted

from the inlet opening being perpendicular to the wind direction.

Furthermore, for best ventilation effects, the area of openings serving as outlets should be maximised

• High Efficiency air conditioner (at least Energy Star) should prove cost effective. Keep the building small (right-sized) because excessive floor area wastes heating and cooling

energy.

• Good natural ventilation can reduce or eliminate air conditioning in warm weather, if windows

are

well

prevailing breezes.

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shaded

and

oriented

to

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A whole-house fan or natural ventilation can store nighttime cool 'in high mass interior surfaces, thus reducing or eliminating air conditioning.

TRUSSED DETAILARY FOR ROOF PROTECTION -:

•

A radiant barrier

(shiny foil) will help reduce radiated heat gain through the roof in hot climates

•

High mass interior surfaces like stone, brick, tile, or slate, feel naturally cool on hot days and can reduce day-to-night temperature swings.

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There exist vernacular examples of ‘parasol’ roofs, almost detached, which perform well in hot conditions. Such a ‘shaded’ roof system can cut total heat gains through the envelopeby several per cent. The addition of even a very thin sheet ceiling impacts dramatically on the thermal performance of the roof system.

The underside of the roof and the topside of the ceiling, in such a case, should be reflective to minimise both emission and absorption.

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ADVANCE STUDY

SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES

4.3

WHAT IS SUSTAINABLITY ?  

T he term sustainability describes as the quality of not being harmuful to the environment or depleting natural resource, and thereby supporting long term ecological balance.

The term sustainable and sustainability are used to describe many different approaches long term of how our actions affect future generation .



GRIHA – GRIHA is a sanskrrit word mean “adobe” GRIHA promotes passive techniques to reduce cost while keeping the optimus thermal confort inside the building environment.



WHAT DOES GRIHA DOES – they encourages non energy demanding air conditioning system and the solor heating system.passive cooling and heating can be replicated for the masses and can reduce the energy load.

FIVE “R” PHILOSOPHY REFUSE: To blindly adope material techniques,products etc specially in areas where equivalent are available REDUCE: The dependence on high energy products,systems,processes etc REUSE: Materials, traditional techniques so as reduce the cost incurred in designing building as well as in opening them.

RECYCLE: All possible wastes generated from the building site ,during constructin operation and demolisition.

REINVENT: Engineering system design and practices such that creates global examples that the world can follow rather than us following international examples.

ENVIRONMENT BENEFITS

ECONOMIC BENEFITS

SOCIAL BENEFITS

REDUCE WASTEAGE OF WATER

REDUCE OPERATING COST

IMPROVE QUALITY OF LIFE

CONSERVE NATURAL RESOURCES

IMPROVE OCCUPANT PRODUCTIVITY

MINIMIZE STRAIN ON LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE

IMPROVE AIR AND WATER QUALITY

CREATE MARKET FOR GREEN PRODUCT AND SERVICES

IMPROVE OCCUPANT HEALTH AND COMFORT.

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DESIGN WATER EFFICIENCY

•

ENERGY AND ATMOSPHERE

•

•

• • • •

BUILT

2018

OPERATE

DUAL FLUSH TOILETS USING GREY WATER RECYCLING FOR ALL SHOWER AND TOILET FLUSHING

•

COLLECTING RAINWATER INTO GREY WATER TANKS FOR REUSE IN TOILET FLUSHING AND IRRIGATION.

•

USING SIGNAGE TO ENCOURAGE VISITORS TO SAVE WATER AND PROTECT WATER RESOUCES.

NATURAL DAY LIGHTING CROSS VENTILATION DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOWS WEATHER STRIPPING INSULATION

•

LINK WOOD FIRE OVEN HEATING TO RADIATOR IN WINTER NO AC- CELING FANS FOR COOLING IN SUMMER USE OF SOLAR POWERED LIGHT EMPLOY LOCAL VILLAGES TO BE STAFF

•

SOLAR WATER HEATERS. ENERGY SAVING LIGHTS GAS COOKING USING LOCAL FOODS

• • •

• • •

INDOOR ENVIRONMENT QUALTITY

•

NATURAL VENTILATION

• •

NO AC LOW OR NONE VOC PRODUCTS

•

SMOKING INSIDE IS PROBHITED

MATERIAL AND RESOUCES

•

RAW MATERIAL AS FINISHES

•

USING RECYCLING AND LOCAL BUILDING MATERIALS CONSERVIG ORIGINAL STRUCTURE OF BUILDING

•

PROVIDING KNOWLEDGE TO LOCAL STAFF ABOUT ENVIRNMENTAL ISSUES

•

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS           52 | P a g e

BAMBOO STRAW BALES FLY ASH MUD-BRICK STONE RAMMED EARTH WOOD ASHCRETE FERROCK COWDUNG

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CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL 1. MUD AS SUSTAINABLE BUILDING MATERIAL Mudbrick, also referred to 'Adobe' which means mud or puddled earth, generally refers to the technique of building with sun-dried mud blocks in either load bearing or non load bearing construction.  Low in embodied energy  Utilisation of natural resources and minimal use of manufactured products  Good sound absorption characteristics  High thermal mass  A claimed ability to "breath"  Suited to a wide range of soils  Easily manufactured and worked  Flexibility in design/colour/surface finishes  Insulation properties similar to those of concrete or brickwork



    

COB is good for anything except height. It is particularly good for curved or round walls.

PISE OR RAMMED EARTH is strong and ideal for solid, squat, single storey houses.

ADOBE or SUN DRIED BRICKS can easily cope with two storey houses.

PRESSED BRICKS smooth and very strong and can build three storey.

WATTLE & DAUB is elegant and fine for Seismic Zones.

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 COB

      

With only a little water to form a very stiff mud, a large lump is roughly moulded into the shape of a huge elongated egg.

The usual size is anything between 12 to 18-inches, (30 to 40-cm) long and about 6-inches (15-cm) in diameter.

A row of these cobs of mud are laid neatly side-by-side - preferably somewhat pressed together.

Then another row of cobs is laid on top.

When three or four courses have been laid, one above the other, the sides are smoothed over so that the holes and cracks disappear.

Openings for doors, and windows are a problem, which can be solved by using temporary vertical planks or shuttering.

Another very simple shuttering for openings is to use empty kerosene tins.  RAMMED EARTH

Rammed Earth is the most populare building technique next to Adobe brick and pressed soil-cement brick construction. Rammed Earth walls are formed from soil that is just damp enough to hold together. The earth is tamped between shutters with manual or pneumatic rammers.

Ingredients • Sand/gravel 70% • Clay 30% • SRE uses 6% of cement • Normal concrete < 12% Cement is responsible for 7% of the total CO2 product      

The second method has developed from the cob wall so as to standardize or regularize the thickness of the wall.

It is also an attempt to increase the strength of the wall by ramming it. It is known as the Rammed Earth method.

Two parallel planks are held firmly apart by metal rods and clips or bolts, or by small crosspieces of wood.

Stiff mud is thrown in between these two planks and rammed down with either a wooden or metal ramrod.

When one section is completed and hard, the two boards are moved along and the process is repeated The two planks are then raised up and a second course of rammed earth is repeated over the first.  ADOBE

  

Blocks shall be kept covered with air tight polythene sheets for first 48 hrs with relative humidity up to 100.

Polythene sheets shall be removed after 48 hrs and the blocks shall be kept in shaded area like having enough air circulation.

Sprinkle water over blocks daily, as many times needed, during 28 days.

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Write date of production on block corner.

Cover stacks top with coconut leaves or any other cover to avoid direct sunlight.

Principle is that blocks shall not dry for 4weeks.  WATTLE AND DAUB

    

Wattle and daub method is an old and common method of building mud structures.

There bamboo and cane frame structure that supports the roof.

Mud is plastered over this mesh of bamboo cane and straws Due to excessive rainfall the Wattle and Daub structures gets washed off.

However, the mesh of cane or split bamboo remains intact and after the heavy rain is over the mud is plastered on again.

 EARTH BAGS : •Humid soil was traditionally poured into wooden lattice works.

Thus, it gave some thermal mass to light structures as well as some acoustic insulation.

•in recent times, dry soil has been poured into synthetic textiles which are hold outside by wooden poles driven into the ground.

•dry soil is also being poured into long synthetic tubes, which are staked upon each other.

FOUNDATION AND FLOOR DETAILS 1. Where the column is set in the footing, it should be(400x400x400)mm deep. Where the column is set on the footing using a cast-in steel shoe, the footing should be (400x400x400)mm deep.

2. The floor is raised by 200-400mm above the ground level, using bricks, concrete blocks/stones, to define

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ROOF 1. The roof comprises bamboo trusses at 1.2m spacing, located over the columns.

2. The 3mm BMCS are laid and fixed using Jbolts and bitumen washers.

BEAMS For a single dwelling 4 beams are provided. Single beam consist of 4 long bamboos with cross bracings.

Additional bamboos are provided to facilitate the arrangements of shelves and lofts.

4 bamboos are convenient to place column cap, fix beam and truss over cap.

TRUSS 3 trusses are required for a single dwelling. Queen post trusses are prefabricated as per drawings and specifications. Fabrication of truss member is comparatively complicated. Single bamboo is sufficient as a structural member of a truss though the double member is provided considering aesthetics and convenience for joinery.

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2. STONE AS SUSTAINABLE BUILDING MATERIAL 





Stone is a natural product of the Earth, the original green building material. It does not require other materials or resources to create it.

Natural stone contains no harmful chemicals or toxins, so you can be rest assured that your interior environment will be healthy, an important component of sustainable design.

Stone is also available regionally and locally.

There are many potential uses and applications for recycled and salvaged stone. For instance, an old stone building can be disassembled and the stone reformed or refinished for use as paving materials, retaining walls, or an exterior facade. Small flat stones can be repurposed and strategically designed to create a mosaic floor or wall design.

WHAT IS STONE MASONARY The construction of stones bonded together with mortar is termed as stone masonry where the stones are available in a abundance in nature, on cutting and dressing to the proper shape, they provide an economical material for the construction of various building components such as walls, columns, footings, arches, lintels, beams etc. Where is stone masonry used? Cladding Works Dams, light houses, monumental structures. Paving jobs Railway, ballast, black boards and electrical switch boards Building foundations, walls, piers, pillars, and architectural works. Lintels, Beams, beams Arches, domes etc. Roofs and Roof coverings.

MASONRY: Construction of building units bonded together, Masonry is basically a wall material. Masonry walls are divided into three categories, they are 1. Load bearing walls 2. Non-load bearing walls 3. Retaining walls STONE MASONRY: From times immemorial, stone has been used both for residential as well as public buildings. Historical buildings that stand today are the living examples of the strength, durability and the excellent weather resisting qualities of stone masonry. Because of high crushing strength, stone is used in the construction of piers, docks, dams and other marine structures. But dressing and placing of stone requires a great deal of time and extra labour. Depending upon the degree of refinement used in shaping the stone, the finishing adopted and the arrangement of the stone in the construction, stone masonry can be broadly classified in the following two types: 1. Rubble masonry 2. Ashlar masonry RUBBLE MASONRY: It is further sub-divided in the following categories 1. Uncoursed rubble masonry 2. Random rubble masonry 3. Coursed rubble masonry 4. Dry rubble masonry . Definitions of terms: 57 | P a g e

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UNCOURSED RUBBLE MASONRY: This is the poorest form of stone masonry. The stones to be used are directly obtained from quarry, after merely knocking off weak corner and edges With the masons hammer.

RANDOM SQUARE RUBBLE MASONRY This form is slightly superior to uncoursed rubble masonry in this form the stones used in the work are hammer or chisel dressed. The stone are not suitably shaped or finished and as such the elevation of this type masonry show irregular shape stones with non uniform joints. In good work the face stones are of uniform colour and equal. In this type of stone masonry the uniform height stones are used in horizontal layers not less than 13cm in height.

ASHLAR MASONRY: The work built from carefully dressed stones with accurate bedding and jointing is termed as ashlars masonry.

This construction is further subdivided into various types they are 1. Ashlar fine 2. Ashlar rough tool 3. Ashlar chamfered 4. Ashlar facing

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PASSIVE ENERGY SAVING METHODS CAN BE USED.  Choosing efficient shading, window size and placement, also general building. orientation can reduce energy consumption during day time by maximizing the use of daylight.  Uncoursed stone and exposed plaster has been used in façade and brick cladding has been used in parapet.  Led lights between used in the whole project for energy saving RECYCLED CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL : Recycled construction materials can be incorporated in a variety of ways. Recycled concrete aggregate can be used in the concrete mix and as a base beneath surface paving.

Also slag, a byproduct of steel production, can be used as a component of the concrete mix, reducing Industrial waste.

Ground tire rubber can be used in porous asphalt and reclaimed asphalt pavement in non-porous asphalt.

NATURALISED DETENTION It is an area used to temporarily store storm water on site and slowly release it at a controlled rate. These areas are intended to look and function as native wetlands and include native plants, providing habitat for birds.

SUMMER SHADING • The selection of suitable plants for shading depends on the part of the building (e.g. walls, outdoor living areas, windows) to be shaded. Different types of plants (trees, shrubs, vines) can be selected on the basis of their growth habit (tall, low, dense, light permeable) to provide the desired degree of shading for various window orientations and situations.

• Vertical shading is best for east and west walls and windows in summer, to protect from intense sun at low angles, e.g. screening by dense shrubs, trees, deciduous vines supported on a frame, shrubs used in combination with trees •Horizontal shading is best for north-facing windows, e.g. deciduous vines such as ornamental grape or wisteria grown over a pergola • Trees with heavy foliage such as planes and elms are very effective in obstructing the sun‘s rays and casting a dense shadow. Dense shade is cooler than filtered sunlight.

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WINTER SUN PENETRATION • Use deciduous trees and plants, particularly to the north of the building, to allow the access of winter sun to north windows.

• Tall, low-branching evergreen trees should be kept at sufficient distance from north-facing windows to avoid overshadowing in.

• Where evergreen trees are used for shading, they should have branches high enough to permit the entry of as much sunlight as possible in winter.

TO REDUCE GLARE • Use low-growing shrubs, ground cover or grass to absorb reflected glare.

• Avoid large areas of paving near the building to reduce reflected glare and ground temperature, especially north-facing windows; and shade large areas of paving with trees or pergolas and planting.

BLOCKING WINTER BREEZES • Windbreaks are most effective when located at 90° to the direction of the wind.

• Although wind velocity can be reduced by 50% for a distance of 10 to 20 times the height, the maximum protection on the leeward side of a windbreak is provided for a distance of three to seven times the height (e.g. a windbreak of 6 m in height should be planted between 20–40 m from the area to be protected.

• Earth mounds may be utilized to deflect winds.

• Large dense shrubs can be used as windbreaks to the south-west to counter cold winter winds, and channel cooling summer breezes • Medium to large-sized shrubs or trees clipped to form a hedge can provide useful still air insulation and shading when grown close to a wall • Planting can be utilized to promote natural ventilation by positioning to deflect air flow through the building

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LANDSCAPE TYPOLOGY EDGES AND ENTRANCES The edges and entrances define physical boundary and transition between campus and surrounding community while creating visually inviting spaces that provide a positive, welcoming first impression to campus visitors.

COURTYARS Courtyards are typically smaller, more intimate gathering spaces that are enclosed, at least partially by buildings and generally serve the buildings they are adjacent to. These spaces are often planted with a more diverse range of plant species that cannot be planted in more open areas.

PLAYING FIELDS Large areas of artificial turf used for intramural sports, each demanding specific maintenance requirements.

Playing fields may also occur as open spaces adjacent to or within the campus core.

SURFACE PARKING Surface parking in the Historic Campus Core and Mid-Campus consists of smaller lots, adjacent to buildings, that are used primarily for vehicle accessibility or loading/unloading SPECIFICATIONS

ENERGY EFICIENT LIGHTING Energy efficient/dark sky light fixtures are designed to direct lamp light downward and outward where it is useful rather than upward where it wastes energy and contributes to glare and Light pollution HIGH ALBEDO PAVEMENT This material is light in color and reflects sunlight away from the surface. With less sunlight absorbed by pavement. High albedo pavement therefore reduces the urban heat island effect. This reduces cooling cost, helps the survival of urban vegetation, and improves air quality.

PERMEABLE PAVEMENT Permeable paving allows rainwater to penetrate through the surface and stone base material and infiltrate into the soil below. It is ideal for small areas of outdoor building paving such as patios, driveways and parking slabs

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4.4 TYPES OF PLANTS

Name - Dypsis Lutescens Family - Palmae Botanical - Chrysalidocarpus Lutescens Green (Leaves) Color - Slender Gold (Stems) Height - 20-30 cm Hardiness - Usda Zone 9b –11 Water Need - Medium Growing - Very Slow Blooming Time – Late Spring/Early Summer Maintenance - Very Low

Name - Furcraea Family - Agavaceae Botanical - Furcraea Gigantia 'Medio Picta' Color - Greenish White Height - 120-150 cm Hardiness - Usda Zone 9a-11 Water Need - Medium Growing - Slow Blooming Time - Late Spring/Early Summer Maintenance –Low

Name - Rangoon Family - Combretaceae Botanical - Quisqualis Indica Color - Pink Red (Flowers), Herbaceous (Stem), Height-300-1200cm Hardiness - Usda Zone 9-11 Water Need - Medium Growing - Fast Blooming Time – Late Spring/Early Summer, Mid Fall Maintenance – Easy

Name - Coral Vine Mexican Family - Polygonaceae Botanical - Antigonon Leptopus Color - White-Rose-Pink, Deep Coral (Flowers), Dark Green (Leaves) Height - 900-1200 cm Hardiness - Usda Zone 8-10 Water Need - Medium Growing - Fast Blooming Time - June - Oct Maintenance – Low

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Name - Basket Of Gold Family - Brassicaceae Botanical - Aurinia Saxatilis Color - Grey Green (Leaves) Yellow (Flowers) Height - 20-30 Cm Hardiness - Usda Zone 3-9 Water Need – Low Growing - Medium Blooming Time - Early Summer, Mid Spring, Late Spring Maintenance - Easy

Name - Canary Family - Asteraceae Botanical - Senecio Tamoides Color - Yellow Daisy (Flowers), Bluish-Green (Leaves),Green (Stem) Height - 240-360 cm Hardiness - Usda Zone 9-10 Water Need - Average Growing - Fast Blooming Time - March To July Maintenance – Easy

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Name - Royal Poinciana Family - Caesalpiniaceae Botanical - Delonix Regia Color - Red, Vermillion, Orange, Yellow (Flowers), Bright Green (Leaves) Height - 900-1200 cm Hardiness - Usda Zone 9-11 Water Need - Medium Growing - Very Fast Blooming Time Maintenance - Low

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Name - Rain Tree Family - Mimosaceae Botanical - Samanea Saman Color – PalePink ,Pink,White (Flowers), Apple Green Leaves) Height - 2000-2500 cm Hardiness - Usda Zone 10-12 Water Need - Average Growing - Medium Blooming Time - Late Spring/Early Summer, Mid Summer Maintenance – Average

2018

Name - Asoka Tree Family - Annonaceae Botanical - Polyalthia Longifolia Var. Pendula Color - Green -White (Flowers), Green/Yellowish Green (Leaves) Height - 800-1200 cm Hardiness - Usda Zone 10-12 Water Need - Medium Growing - Average Blooming Time - Early Spring To Late Spring Maintenance – Average

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CONCLUSION The aim of the design in hot-dry regions should be to lower both daytime and night-time temperatures in and around the environment buildings as much as possible to the comfort conditions. This can be achieved by keeping building envelopes or surface areas of buildings minimally exposed to the sun.

After finalizing data collected , the project appeared in a more clear way. In this research I had collect all the information about the general zoning of the site is created based on the previous analysis of case studies and space program, finally selected site based on the important criteria. At the end, all the previous chapters have developed a clear vision of how I would want my project to function and look like. Having this thesis written will help me in the design stage in the following step.

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BIBLOGRAPHY

   

KAMATHA REVATHI DESIGN STUDIO (FOR MATERIALS) RESORT MAGZINES ECO RESORT ,PLANNING AND DESIGN FOR THE TROPICS PDF.TOURIST RESORT AT ALLEPPEY

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TABLE OF FIGURES : Figure 1 ECO RESORT ........................................................................................................................................................... 7 Figure 2 LAKSHMAN SAGAR RESORT ............................................................................................................................ 11 Figure 3 MARDANA Figure 4 ZANANA....................... 12 Figure 5 ROCK-CUT ARCHITECTURE Figure 6 ROCK-CUT ARCHITECTURE ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Figure 7 SITE LAKSHMAN SAGAR ................................................................................................................................... 13 Figure 8 SITE PLAN ............................................................................................................................................................. 13 Figure 9 RAINWATER STORAGE CHANNEL .................................................................................................................. 14 Figure 10 VIEW FROM ARTIFICAL LAKE ......................................................................................................................... 15 Figure 11 NATURAL VEGETATION .................................................................................................................................. 16 Figure 12 COTTAGE VIEW ............................................................................................................................................... 16 Figure 13 COTTAGE Figure 14 COTTAGE DECK VIEW ........ 17 Figure 15 COTTAGE SECTION ......................................................................................................................................... 17 Figure 16 WOODEN DOOR Figure 17 DUCT Figure 18 COTAGE ENTRANCE .......................................................................................................................................................... 17 Figure 19 COTTAGE PLAN................................................................................................................................................ 18 Figure 20 COTTAGE LIVING AREA ................................................................................................................................. 18 Figure 21 COTTAGE BEDROOM...................................................................................................................................... 19 Figure 22 COTTAGE TOILET Figure 23 COTTAGE TOILET ............. 19 Figure 24 COTTAGE OPEN DECK Figure 25 COTTAGE OUSIDE VIEW...................................................................................................................................................................................... 19 Figure 26 MANDAWA RESORT ....................................................................................................................................... 20 Figure 27 DIRECTION ......................................................................................................................................................... 20 Figure 28 MANDAWA VIEW ........................................................................................................................................... 20 Figure 29 COTTAGES Figure 30 POOL WITH CABANAS ............................................................................................................................................................................. 21 Figure 31 DOOR WINDOW Figure 32 THATCH ROOF .... 21 Figure 33 DESERT RESORT MANDAWA TOPOGRAPHY ............................................................................................ 22 Figure 34 SITE DEVELOPMENT MANDAWA Figure 35 ZONNING OF RESORT.................................................................................................................................................................................. 22 Figure 36 SITE PLAN OF MANDAWA ............................................................................................................................. 23 Figure 37 HUTS PLANS ...................................................................................................................................................... 23 Figure 38 COTTAGES ........................................................................................................................................................ 24 Figure 39 COTTAGE PLAN................................................................................................................................................ 25 Figure 40 LANDSCAPE AT MANDAWA ........................................................................................................................ 25 Figure 41 ANANTA RESORT ............................................................................................................................................. 26 Figure 42 SITE VIEW ANANTA ......................................................................................................................................... 27 Figure 43 DECKAREA Figure 44 VILLAS ....................... 27 Figure 45 PLAY GROUND Figure 46 SPA BLOCK .............. 28 Figure 47 KIDS PLAY AREA Figure 48 RECEPTION ...................... 28 Figure 49 DRIVE WAYS Figure 50 GYMNASIUM ......... 28 Figure 51 INDOOR PLAY AREA Figure 52 BUFFER AREA ............. 29 Figure 53 AMPHETHEATER Figure 54 SOLAR HEATER ..................... 29 Figure 55 POOL AREA Figure 56 PARKING AREA .............. 29 Figure 57 SITE PLAN ANANTA ......................................................................................................................................... 30 Figure 58 KITCHEN ZONNING ....................................................................................................................................... 30 Figure 59 ADMIN KITCHEN RESTAURANT PLAN .......................................................................................................... 31 Figure 60 GRAND SUIT (BEDROOM) Figure 61 GRAND SUIT LIVING AREA ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 66 | P a g e

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2018

Figure 62 GRAND SUIT PLAN .......................................................................................................................................... 31 Figure 63 JUNIO SUIT PLAN ............................................................................................................................................. 32 Figure 64 JUNIO SUIT BEDDROOM Figure 65 TOILET ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 32 Figure 66 OPEN SHOWER AREA Figure 67 OPEN BATH ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 32 Figure 68 LOUNGE Figure 69 BEDROOM .................... 33 Figure 70 DULEX PLAN ...................................................................................................................................................... 33 Figure 71 ENTRANCE Figure 72 BALCONY ................ 33 Figure 73 PRESIDENTAL SUIT ............................................................................................................................................ 34 Figure 74 ENTRANCE TO VILLA Figure 75 SWIMMING POOL .................................................. 34 Figure 76 DINNING AREA Figure 77 LIVING AREA ......... 34 Figure 78 BEDROOM Figure 79 DINNING AREA ........... 35 Figure 80 SESMIC ZONE III ............................................................................................................................................... 41 Figure 81 DISTANCE FROM RAILWAY STATION ......................................................................................................... 41 Figure 82 DISTANCE FROM JODHPUR AIRPORT Figure 83 DISTANCE FROM BUSSTAND ........................... 41 Figure 84 MOSQUE Figure 85 SHRI KHAKHI RESORT ........... 45 Figure 86 ADINATH TEMPLE Figure 87 JAWAI BANDH DAM ................. 45

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