CS 101 Assignment 1

Assignment Id: bc120400172 Question no # 1

DISTINGUISH THE FOLLOWING INPUT: Input is the term denoting either an entrance or changes which are inserted into a system and which activate/modify a process. It is usually connected with other terms, Example input field, input variable, input parameter, input value, input signal, input device and input file (file format).It is an abstract concept, used in the modeling, system design and system exploitation.

OUTPUT: Output can be meaningful information or gibberish, and it can appear in a variety of forms -as binary numbers, as characters, as pictures, and as printed pages. Devices include display screens, loudspeakers, and printers. For example, display screens output images, printers’ output print, and loudspeakers output sounds.

PROCESSING: Processing is an open source programming language and environment for people who want to create images, animations, and interactions. Processing also has evolved into a tool for generating finished professional work. Initially developed to serve as a software sketchbook and to teach fundamentals of computer programming within a visual context,

CD-RW: A CD-RW stands for Compact Disc - Read / Write. CD-RW disks can be read from and written to just like a hard disk. CD-RWs can be used for any application that a hard disk can be used for but the time taken to access data is much longer than that for a hard disk .The disk can store up to 650Mb of data.

DVD: DVD stands for Digital Versatile Disk or Digital Video Disk. Current DVD disks store far less than this. By using a shorter wavelength laser, storing data on both sides of the disk and having more than one layer of data on each side of a disk DVD disks are able to store much more data than CD disks. This new standard for optical disks.

STORAGE DEVICES: A Storage Medium is the physical material on which items are kept. Storage devices can function as sources of input and output. A storage device is the computer hardware that records and retrieves items to and from a storage medium.

FLOPPY DISK: Floppy disks are portable (can be moved between computers) but have a small storage capacity.

Older disks were 5.25" or 8" in size but could store much less data. The most common type of floppy disk is the 3.5" disk that can store 1.44Mb of data when it is used on a PC. Reading and writing data from a floppy disk is very slow.

SPEAKERS: A system's speaker is the component that takes the electronic signal stored on things like CDs, tapes and DVDs and turns it back into actual sound that we can hear. In any sound system, ultimo ate quality depends on the speakers.

MULTIMEDIA PROJECTORS: Digital Projector/Multimedia is an electro-optical machine which converts image data from a computer or video source to a bright image which is then imaged on a distant wall or screen using a lens system. The projector serves the following purposes. The cost of a device is not only determined by its resolution, but also by its brightness.

TOUCHSCREEN: A touch screen is a computer display screen that is also an input device. The screens are sensitive to pressure; a user interacts with the computer words on the screen or by touching pictures.

DIGITAL PEN: A digital pen is a battery-operated writing instrument that allows the user to drawing or digitally captures a handwritten note. Typically, a digital pen comes with a Universal Serial Bus (USB) cradle to let the user upload the handwritten notes to a personal computer (PC).

MICROPHONE: Both are input devices which are related to audio input. It can be used in chatting, video conferencing, music or whenever we want to interact with the computer from voice input. This device is used to enter sound in to the system for processing.

CPU: The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is responsible for interpreting and executing most of the commands from the computer’s hardware and software. The CPU could be considered the "brains" of the computer.

MODAM: Modem is a device that modulates an analog carrier signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode the transmitted information. Modems can be used over any means of transmitting analog signals, from light emitting diodes to radio. To reproduce the original digital data. The goal is to produce a signal that can be transmitted easily and decoded. The most example is a voice band modem that turns the digital data of a personal computer into modulated electrical in the voice frequency range of a telephone channel.

NETWORK ADAPTER: A network adapter interfaces a computer to a network. The term "Adapter" was popularized originally by Ethernet add-in cards for PCs.

Question # 2: CONVERT THE FOLLOWING. a) (410)10 decimal number into its equivalent binary number.

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

410 205--------------------0 102--------------------1 51---------------------0 25---------------------1 12---------------------1 6-----------------------0 3-----------------------0 1-----------------------1

(110011010)2 = 1x28 + 1x27 + 0x26 + 0x25 + 1x24 + 1x23+ 0x22+ 1x21+ 0x20 (110011010)2 = 256 + 128 + 0 + 0 + 16 + 8 + 0 + 2 + 0 (110011010)2 = (410)2

(410)2

= (110011010)2

b) Binary number into its equivalent decimal number.

(110011010)2 = 1x28 + 1x27 + 0x26 + 0x25 + 1x24 + 1x23+ 0x22+ 1x21+ 0x20 (110011010)2 = 256 + 128 + 0 + 0 + 16 + 8 + 0 + 2 + 0 (110011010)2 = (410)2 (410)3

= (110011010)2