PoroSurface / AA DRL 22/23 / Workshop 1 by Mattia Badiani

poroSurface Structural Gymnastics WS1_FA22_Angius

Ipek Duzova Anna Kondrashova Mattia Badiani Eugenio Tenaglia Giunta

5 4 Structural Gymnastics Contents Structural Research............................06 Weaving 06 Saddles + Origami 07 Vaulting......................................................................08 Digital Explorations 09 Structural Weaving 09 Vaulting Typology...................................................10 Branching Network Typology...............................10 Saddle Stitching Typology 11 Catalogue 12 Branching Network Typology.......14 Generative Process 14 Curvature Analysis.................................................16 Saddle Stitching Typology..........20 Generative Process Type 01...............................20 Curvature Analysis 21 Generative Process Type 02 25 Curvature Analysis.................................................26 Generative Process Type 03...............................28 Curvature Analysis 30 Generative Process Final Geometry................32 Curvature Analysis.................................................33 Fabrication Testing............................36 Branching Network Typology...............................36 Saddle Stitching Typology 40 Final Geometry Fabrication 46 Fabrication Analysis + Strategy.....................46 Panelization Strategy..........................................52 Physical Model Photos......................56 Visualizations 66

Structural Research Physical

7 6 WS1_Angius Structural Gymnastics V1 V2 V3

V1 V2 V3

Structural Weaving Saddle Surfaces + Origami Albers, Josef. Curved Origami. Bauhaus, Student Work. 1928. Hadid, Zaha. ETH Zurich. KnitCandela. Mexico. 2018. Shounsai, Shono. Shimmering of Heated Air. Japan. 1969. McPherson, Hamish. Thousand Line Construction. 2015. Explorations

Digital Explorations

9 8 WS1_Angius Structural Gymnastics

Vaulting V1

V2 V1 V2 V4 Structural Weaving V5 V3

Safavid Dynasty. The Shah Mosque. Iran. 1611. Hylemo. Hayam Sun Temple. Black Rock City. 2014.

Double Revolution Quadruple Revolution Sextuple Revolution Quadruple Revolution

Anchor Stretch Curve Extraction Curve Offset + Sweep Curve Lofting Anchor Point Extraction + Application of Forces Tesselation Variations Intensity 01Intensity 02Intensity 03Intensity 03 +Edge Disjointment Mesh Densification + Simplification Kangaroo Force Application Simulations Aggregations

Structural Research

with

Digital Explorations

11 10 WS1_Angius Structural Gymnastics Vaulting V1 V2 V3 Branching Brandching from Standardized Mathematical Geometries Brandching Aggregation Assemblies V1 V4 Brandching Geometries as Units V2 V5 Saddle Stitching Double Saddle Two Full Revolutions Single Saddle with Connecting Extensions One and a Half Saddle with Vauled Cap Tripple Saddle with Extensions V1 Brandching from Mesh Relaxation Three Points Eight Points Four Points Input Mesh V3 Double Saddle Vertically Reflected Double Saddle Vertically Reflected + Bridged Sextuple Saddle Vertically Reflected V3

Randomized Vaults Through Control Points Continuous Vaults Continuous Vaults Extension Continuous Vaults Reflection Continuous Vaults Perforation Vaulting as Surface Vaults as Structural Units Vaults from Control Points

Geometric Catalogue

13 12 WS1_Angius Structural Gymnastics

Geometric Catalogue

15 14 WS1_Angius Structural Gymnastics Unary Load Support Bounding box Surface Relaxation Operation Topological Optimisation Operation Further Extrusion Single Unit Aggregation

Network Typology Topological Optimization Strategy Branching Network Typology Splines Interweaving Strategy Unit_01 Unit_02 Splines Thickening Intertwining Interpolation Final Manipulation Points Population On Stacked Layers

Branching

Branching Network Typology

Branching Network Typology Splines Interweaving Strategy

17 16 WS1_Angius Structural Gymnastics Type A A1

Topological Optimization Strategy A5 A4 A3 A2 Curvature Analysis Footprint Elevation B4 B3 B2 B1 Type B Curvature Analysis Footprint Elevation

x y x y x y x y x y x z x z x z x z x z x y x y x y x y x z x z x z x z Footprint: 36,97% Footprint: 23,83% Footprint: 50,10% Footprint: 50,10% Footprint: 70,97% Touchdown: 2,30% Touchdown: 3,17% Touchdown: 3,17% Touchdown: 40,00% Touchdown: 65,00% Volume : 2,92% Volume : 3,50% Volume : 4,00% Volume : 4,00% Volume : 4,50% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Z span: 100,00% Z span: 100,00% Z span: 100,00% Z span: 100,00% Z span: 100,00% Footprint: 66,98% Footprint: 81,42% Footprint: 81,42% Footprint: 82,26% Touchdown: 8,16% Touchdown: 8,43% Touchdown: 8,43% Touchdown: 12,48% Volume : 11,99% Volume : 28,37% Volume : 22,00% Volume : 14,29% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Z span: 100,00% Z span: 100,00% Z span: 100,00% Z span: 100,00%

Branching Network Typology

Additional

Branching Network Typology

Additional Structural Concepts Exploration

18 WS1_Angius Structural Gymnastics Type C C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 Curvature Analysis Footprint Elevation

Structural Concepts Exploration C5 C4 C3 C2 C1

x y x y x y x y x y x z x z x z x z x z Footprint: 95,53% Footprint: 68,00% Footprint: 44,00% Footprint: 80,14% Footprint: 80,14% Touchdown: 5,30% Touchdown: 7,00% Touchdown: 7,50% Touchdown: 5,70% Touchdown: 9,00% Volume : 30,70% Volume : 13,45% Volume : 9,44% Volume : 21,45% Volume : 22,76% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% Y span: 160,00% Y span: 160,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 225,00% Y span: 180,00% Z span: 165,00% Z span: 165,00% Z span: 135,00% Z span: 135,00% Z span: 240,00%

Saddle Stitching Typology

Curvature Analysis

21 20 WS1_Angius Structural Gymnastics Surface Relax Operation Relaxed Continuous Surface Opened Single Unit Opening_01 Opening_03 Opening_02

Relaxation

Type A A1 A3 A2

Strategy

A4 A5 x y x y x y x y x y x z x z x z x z x z Footprint: 149,78% Footprint: 280,21% Footprint: 100,00% Footprint: 218,85% Footprint: 218,85% Touchdown: 62,17% Touchdown: 82,17% Touchdown: 28,13% Touchdown: 40,51% Touchdown: 40,51% Volume : 46,07% Volume : 139,77% Volume : 4,95% Volume : 144,72% Volume : 144,72% X span: 100,00% X span: 100% X span: 126,00% X span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 140,00% Y span: 193,00% Y span: 126,00% Y span: 147,00% X span: 147,00% Z span: 32,00% Z span: 44,00% Z span: 95,00% Z span: 44,00% Z span: 44,00%

Relaxation Strategy

Saddle Stitching Typology

Saddle Stitching Typology Relaxation Strategy

23 22 WS1_Angius Structural Gymnastics C2 C1 B1 B2 Type C Type B Input Mesh Footprint Curvature Analysis

Relaxation Strategy Type D D1 E2 E1 Input Mesh Type E Footprint Elevation

x y x y x y x y x z x z x z x z x y x y x y x y x y x z x z x z x z x z Footprint: 96,83% Footprint: 128,29% Footprint: 154,15% Footprint: 204,60% Touchdown: 48,41% Touchdown: 63,78% Touchdown: 33,79% Touchdown: 26,18% Volume : 18,67% Volume : 18,67% Volume : 146,38% Volume : 193,00% X span: 148,00% X span: 180,00% X span: 147,00% X span: 193,00% Y span: 68,00% Y span: 68,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Z span: 100,00% Z span: 140,00% Z span: 100,00% Z span: 1o0,00% Footprint: 100,00% Footprint: 146,53% Footprint: 264,21% Footprint: 154,23% Footprint: 100,00% Touchdown: 56,96% Touchdown: 74,11% Touchdown: 106,78% Touchdown: 44,00% Touchdown: 47,30% Volume : 194,81% Volume : 169,88% Volume : 310,41% Volume : 138,29% Volume : 138,95% X span: 100% X span: 190,00% X span: 190,00% X span: 200,00% X span: 200,00% Y span: 150% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 160,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Z span: 140% Z span: 85,00% Z span: 100,00% Z span: 90,00% Z span: 90,00%

Saddle Stitching Typology

Vaulted

25 WS1_Angius Structural Gymnastics Type F F1 Elevation F3 F2 Input Mesh

Relaxation Strategy Surface Relax Operation Relaxed Continuous Surface Opened Single Unit Opening_01 Opening_02 Opening_02 Opening_03 Opening_01 Opening_04

Apperature_04 Opening_03

Shapes Relaxation Strategy Footprint: 100,00% Footprint: 320,01% Footprint: 293,81% Touchdown: 23,00% Touchdown: 80,00% Touchdown: 80,00% Volume : 100,00% Volume : 300,00% Volume : 300,00% X span: 100% X span: 300,00% X span: 300,00% Y span: 100% Y span: 150,00% Y span: 150,00% Z span: 100% Z span: 140,00% Z span: 150,00%

Saddle Stitching Typology

Saddle Stitching Typology Modular Relaxation Strategy

27 26 WS1_Angius Structural Gymnastics Type H H1 Curvature Analysis H3 H2 H5 H4 Footprint Elevation

Shapes Relaxation Strategy H6 H7 I1 I2 I3 Curvature Analysis Type H Type I Footprint Elevation

Vaulted

x y x z x y x y x y x y x z x z x z x z x y x y x y x y x y x z z x z x z x z Footprint: 121,00% Touchdown: 24,13% Volume : 86,60% X span: 100% Y span: 100% Z span: 90% Footprint: 127,41% Footprint: 80,00% Footprint: 79,10% Footprint: 100,00% Touchdown: 39,00% Touchdown: 18,78% Touchdown: 22,67% Touchdown: 15,87% Volume : 83,63% Volume : 81,08% Volume : 94,95% Volume : 80,00% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% Y span: 120,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Z span: 65,00% Z span: 79,00% Z span: 72,00% Z span: 100,00% Footprint: 111,63% Footprint: 135,41% Footprint: 121,00% Footprint: 71,50% Touchdown: 23,42% Touchdown: 40,31% Touchdown: 31,38% Touchdown: 31,50% Volume : 157,74% Volume : 153,94% Volume : 86,60% Volume : 57,81% X span: 160,00% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% X span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 100,00% Y span: 70,00% Z span: 86,00% Z span: 80,00% Z span: 150,00% Z span: 80,00% Footprint: 100,00% Touchdown: 31,76% Volume : 86,60% X span: 100% Y span: 100% Z span: 90%

Saddle

29 28 WS1_Angius Structural Gymnastics Surface Relax Operation Relaxed Continuous Surface Single Unit Aggregation Opening_02 Opening_03 Opening_01 Opening_02 Opening_03 Opening_04 Opening_04 Opening_01

Stitching Typology Modular Relaxation Strategy Unit_01 Unit_02 Unit_03 Unit_02 Surface Relax Operation Relaxed Continuous Surface Single Unit Aggregation

Stitching Typology Modular Relaxation Strategy

Saddle Stitching Typology

Modular Relaxation Strategy

31 30 WS1_Angius Type G G1

Relaxation Strategy Curvature Analysis Footprint Elevation G3 G2 G5 G4 Elevation G6 Type G Curvature AnalysisFootprint

Modular

x y x y x y x y x y x z x z x z x z x z x y x y x z x z Footprint: 86,26% Touchdown: 18,94% Volume : 52,78% Footprint: 95,29% Touchdown: 47,73% Volume : 62,14% Footprint: 79,65% Touchdown: 15,87% Volume : 39,86% Footprint: 79,65% Touchdown: 15,87% Volume : 39,86% X span: 100% Y span: 100% Z span: 100% Footprint: 95,29% Touchdown: 47,73% Volume : 62,14% X span: 100% Y span: 100% Z span: 100% X span: 100% Y span: 100% Z span: 100% X span: 100% Y span: 100% Z span: 100% X span: 100% Y span: 100% Z span: 100% Footprint: 119,25% X span: 130% Touchdown: 38,23% Y span: 190% Volume : 68,18% Z span: 130% Footprint: 167,13% Touchdown: 31,18% Volume : 67,97% X span: 100 Y span: 280 Z span: 130%

Saddle

33 32 WS1_Angius Structural Gymnastics Surface Relax Operation Relaxed Continuous Surface Single Unit Aggregation Unit_01 Unit_02 Unit_03 Unit_01 Unit_02 Unit_03

Modular Relaxation Strategy Type J J1

Stitching Typology Final

Modular Relaxation Strategy Curvature Analysis J3 J2 J4 Footprint Elevation x z x z x z x z x y x y x y x y Footprint: 123,00% Footprint: 123,00% Footprint: 123,00% Touchdown: 17,82% Touchdown: 16,83% Touchdown: 11,60% Volume : 151,62% Volume : 83,61% Volume : 83,61% X span: 75,00% X span: 75,00% X span: 75,00% Y span: 165,00% Y span: 165,00% Y span: 150,00% Z span: 90,00% Z span: 60,00% Z span: 60,00% Footprint: 123,00% Touchdown: 9,10% Volume : 83,61% X span: 75,00% Y span: 150,00% Z span: 60,00%

Stitching Typology Final