The New York Sale XXXV - World Coins, Medals and Banknotes

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THE NEW YORK SALE

SM

AUCTION XXXV

World Coins, Medals and Banknotes including Indian, Islamic and Italian Coins

Wednesday, January 7, 2015 held in one session commencing 7:00 pm In conjunction with The New York International Numismatic Convention at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel Park Avenue, between 49th & 50th Street New York, N.Y. in the Norse Suite / 18th Floor (Meeting Level) Herbert Kreindler, Auctioneer # 820339 conducted by :

Dmitry Markov Coins & Medals P.O. Box 950 New York, N.Y. 10272 Tel (+1) 908 470 2828 Fax (+1) 908 470 0088 www.Russian-Coins.net

A. H. Baldwin & Sons Ltd. 399 Strand London WC2R 0LX Tel (+44) 20 7930 9808 Fax (+44) 20 7930 9450 www.baldwin.co.uk

M & M Numismatics Ltd P.O. Box 65908 Washington, D.C. 20035 Tel (+1) 202 833 3770 Fax (+1) 202 429 5275 www.TheNewYorkSale.com

Ira & Larry Goldberg Coins & Collectibles Inc. 11400 W. Olympic Blvd., Suite 800 Los Angeles, CA 90064 Tel (+1) 310 551 2646 www.goldbergcoins.com


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THE NEW YORK SALE GROUP Formed in 1998 the New York Sale partnership currently comprises four of the most prestigious numismatic auction houses in the world, who together form a powerful international force in the numismatic industry. Original partners A. H. Baldwin & Sons Ltd (London, UK) and M&M Numismatics Ltd (Washington DC, USA and Basel, Switzerland) were subsequently joined by Dmitry Markov Coins & Medals of New York (USA) in 2000 and Ira & Larry Goldberg Coins & Collectibles Inc of California (USA) in 2014. The partnership has expanded to hold three multi-million dollar sales per year, specializing in Ancient and World Coins and Russian Coins and Medals. Held in conjunction with one of the largest annual numismatic events (The New York International Numismatic Convention) the group holds three auctions on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday of the week long conference in January and has held over 33 auctions since its conception. By combining a vast array of experience and knowledge the group strives to offer the best service to their clients and customers, whether buying at the auction or as a potential vendor for the sale, any one of the partners can offer advice. Catalogues are produced to the highest possible standard and may be used as a useful reference for serious buyers and coin collectors. Over the years the partnership has aimed to achieve the best possible prices for their vendors and undertake a marketing strategy which is proven by the excellent results achieved year upon year. In 2004 the sale of an 1825 Russian silver Rouble for US$603,750 broke the world record price achieved for any non-US coin sold by public auction and since then lots have regularly attained prices well above estimate. In 2008 results from the Italian section of the sale made a staggering US$1,118,400, four times the pre-sale estimate. The famous Prospero collection of Ancient Greek coins was professionally presented by the group in 2012 and resulted in numerous world records, finally realising in excess of US$26,000,000 for the 642 lots after 8 hours of auctioneering. The printed auction catalogue will remain a major reference work for many years to come and is a โ€˜must haveโ€™ for any collector of the series.

A. H. Baldwin & Sons Ltd, London Founded in 1872, A. H. Baldwin &

Sons Ltd set up their in-house auction department โ€˜Baldwinโ€™s Auctionsโ€™ in 1993 and have since expanded to hold regular auctions of all numismatic material in London, New York, Hong Kong. Baldwinโ€™s have been based in central London for over 100 years and are the last remaining traditional coin dealers in London offering an old-fashioned personal service to help you build your collection with confidence. Our extensive library, comprising thousands of reference books, allows us to research thoroughly all aspects of numismatics from Ancient times to the present day. Today our permanent staff of numismatists include: Edward Baldwin (European, Colonial, Oriental and Russian coins), Dimitri Loulakakis (English, European, Latin American and Modern Greek coins), Steve Hill (English coins), Graham Byfield (Indian and Islamic coins and Commemorative Medals), Paul Hill (Ancient coins), Seth Freeman (British Tokens and Banknotes) and Julie Lecoindre (European and World coins). The merger of Baldwinโ€™s with Noble Investments (UK) PLC in 2005, and the acquisition in early 2008 of Apex Philatelics Ltd. and of Dreweatts & Bloomsbury Auctions in 2012, has seen the company expand to become a formidable market player offering a complete package for any collector of coins, stamps, fine art and collectables. In more recent times (2013), Baldwinโ€™s has become a part of the Stanley Gibbons Group plc and is now a more powerful London Stock Exchange listed collectables retailer and โ€˜top 5โ€™ UK auctioneer. Baldwinโ€™s has been a member of the International Association of Professional Numismatists (IAPN) since 1969, and is also a founder member of the British Numismatic Trade Association (BNTA), the British Antique Dealerโ€™s Association (BADA) and individuals on their staff are members of the American Numismatic Association (ANA) and the Royal Numismatic Society (RNS).

Dmitry Markov Coins & Medals, New York

Dmitry Markov's interest in coin collecting goes back to 1972. In 1985 he graduated from the History Department of the Kiev State University (Ukraine) and received his M.A. for the thesis - "Monetary Circulation in Ancient Russia (8th to 13th cent. A.D.)". His broad interests in numismatics include Russia, Ancient Coinage especially those of the Northern Black Sea area, as well as Islamic Central Asia and Caucasus. He has published a number of research articles in these fields. After coming to the U.S. in 1990, Dmitry Markov founded "Dmitry Markov Coins & Medals," a well-known leading firm dealing. Dmitry Markovโ€™s continuing research on Russian, Ancient and Islamic coinage makes an invaluable addition to his very extensive auction catalogs. He issued over 40 illustrated reference catalogues, as well as many other fixed price lists. Dmitry Markov Coins & Medals have been an elected member of the International Association of Professional Numismatists (IAPN) since 2000. Also a Life Member of the American Numismatic Association (ANA), American Numismatic Society (ANS), a Life Member of the Orders & Medals Society of America (OMSA), as well as many other trade and collectors associations.

Ira & Larry Goldberg Coins & Collectibles, Inc.

Founded in 1998. Ira and Larry Goldberg have more than 100 years of experience between them, having started working as very young men at Superior Stamp and Coin Company in Los Angeles, California, a prominent company founded by their grandfather in 1931. Ira and Larry Goldberg refer to their company as a boutique auction house, because of the personal, specialized service they offer to their consignors. Their auction house provides live and online auctions of United States coins and currency, world and ancient coins, numismatics, and manuscripts and collectibles to collectors, dealers, and investors. Ira and Larry have assembled and auctioned some of the most important collections ever sold, including the 2008 Millennia Collection, which realized $23,000,000, a one- day, single-owner sale of World and Ancient coins; and the 2014 Missouri Cabinet Collection of U.S. Half-Cent coins, which realized $18,000,000. In November of 2005, the Goldbergs privately sold the world-renowned King of Siam Set for a recordbreaking $8.5 million. Ira is an expert on United States coinage, from colonial through modern issues, and an authority on ancient Greek, Roman, and Judean coinage and antiquities, as well as world gold coins, crowns, and minors. Larry is an expert on all phases of United States coinage, as well as U.S. paper money and world gold and silver coins. Both Ira and Larry are valuations contributors to the Red Book and the Blue Book. Both belong to the Professional Numismatist Guild, of which Ira served as president and director, and both belong to the American Numismatic Association, which awarded them a Lifetime Achievement Award in 2011.

M&M Numismatics Ltd, Washington DC & Switzerland

Mรผnzen und Medaillen AG (M&M) was established in Basel, Switzerland in 1941. The founders were the brothers Dr. Erich Cahn and Dr. Herbert Cahn, professional numismatists, together with several eminent Swiss collectors. M&M became well-known in the post WWII period for its monthly fixed price lists, a series which continued for over 60 years. The firm has also conducted over 100 auctions, including great collections such as the Rosen (Ancient electrum), Bally (Roman), Kohlmoos (crown-sized coins) Sutter (Italy and Sicily) and many others. In partnership with Leu Numismatik, M&M also auctioned the Kunstfrend and Niggeler collections. In the 1990s, Dr. Hans Voegtli assumed responsibility for Ancient coins and Dr. Bernhard Schulte for Medieval and modern coins. In 1996, M&M Numismatics opened in Washington, DC with Lucien Birkler as managing director. In 1997, M&M Deutschland opened in Weil am Rein, Germany, with Joachim Stollhoff as managing director. The Basel office closed in 2004, but both the American and German firms remain active. Today both companies continue the long tradition of serving collectors and look forward to serving your numismatics needs now and in the future.


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WORLD COINS AFGHANISTAN

1001 Amanullah (SH 1298-1308 / 1919-1929 AD). Gold 5-Amanis, SH1299, 23.03g. โ€œ5โ€ above mosque within star (KM 890). Extremely fine. $ 2,000

1002 Muhammad Zahir Shah (SH 1312-1352 / 1933-1973 AD). Gold Proof 4-Grams, SH1339/1380h, 3.99g (KM 952, -). Prooflike, good extremely fine. $ 300 ALBANIA

1003

1004

1003 Zog I (1925-1939). Silver Proof Frang, 1935-R, Rome๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 5.00g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Head ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ right. Rev. Arms (KM Pr42). Tiny ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ edge knock at 6 oโ€™clock, otherwise brilliant uncirculated and beginning to tone. Extremely rare. $ 850 mintage of 50 pieces only

1004 Zog I (1925-1939). Gold 20-Francs, 1927V. Obv. Bust of Prince Skanderbeg. Rev. Winged lion (Fr 6; KM 12). In NGC holder graded MS65. $ 1,200

1005 Vittorio Emanuele III (1939-1943). Silver 10-Lek, 1939-R (KM 34; Pagani 991). In NGC holder graded MS66, beautiful tone. $ 400


ARGENTINA

1006 Provincias del Rio de la Plata. Silver 8-Reales, 1813-J, Potosi. First sunface type. Flaming sun with human face. Rev. Oval shield with clasped hands upholding cap of Liberty, wreath around. Die axis โ†‘โ†‘ (Eliz 1; KM 5). In NGC holder graded AU55, bold strike with nice surfaces and considerable original mint lustre, attractive with good eye-appeal. $ 1,000

1007 Provincias del Rio de la Plata. Silver 8-Reales, 1815-F, Potosi. Flaming sun. Rev. Oval shield with clasped hands and cap of Liberty, wreath at sides (Eliz 5; KM 14). In NGC holder graded AU58, lustrous. $ 1,500

1008 La Rioja. Silver 8-Reales, 1840-R. Flags, muskets and cannon crossed below mountain. Rev. Coat of arms dividing 8-R (Eliz 29; KM 8). In NGC holder graded AU50 โ€œWings Approvedโ€, well struck for issue with underlying lustre, attractively toned with good eye appeal. $ 750


1009 Cรณrdoba. Silver 8-Reales, 1852. Tower with three turrets and raised flag, framed by banners behind. Rev. Flaming sun with human face (Eliz 31; KM 32). In NGC holder graded MS62 โ€œWings Approvedโ€, abundance of full original mint lustre, classic one year type. $ 1,000

1010

1011

1012

1013

1010 Cupro-Nickel Pattern Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 3.96g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Flagged ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ arms. Rev. UN CENTAVO 1892. Plain thin edge (KM Pn33). Light corrosion by 7 oโ€™clock on the obverse, uncirculated. $ 150 1011 Aluminium Pattern Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 1.28g.๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Flagged ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ arms. Rev. 1 CENTAVO 1892 within wreath. Plain thin edge (KM Pn30). A few scratches both sides and minor edge knocks, otherwise uncirculated. $ 100 1012 Copper Pattern Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 4.26g.๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Flagged arms. Rev. 1 CENTAVO 1892 within wreath. Plain thin edge (KM Pn32). Small verdigris mark across CENTAVO and in few places, otherwise uncirculated with red-brown tone and original lustre. $ 150 1013 Copper Essai Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 6.11g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Flagged arms. Rev. ESSAI DE MONNAIE 1892. Plain thick edge (KM E7a). Small scratch right of date, otherwise uncirculated with original tone and lustre. $ 150

AUSTRIA

1014 Archduke Leopold as Landgrave of Alsace. Silver Thaler, 1627, Ensisheim. Crowned three quarter figure right holding sword. Rev. Crowned arms (Dav 3351). In NGC holder graded AU55, sharply struck, original lustrous example with attractive old toning. $ 1,200


BOHEMIA

1015 Joseph II (1765-1790). Copper Groschl, 1781-A, Vienna, 6.42g. Crowned arms. Rev. Value and date within wreath (KM 818). Mint state with red-brown patina and original lustre. Rarely seen in such a beautiful condition. $ 300 BOLIVIA

1016 Charles III (1716-1788). Silver 8-Reales, 1770-JR, Potosi. Pillar type. Dot after CAROLUS (Eliz 6; KM 50). In NGC holder graded MS61 โ€œWings Approvedโ€, sharply struck with a trace of original mint lustre. $ 2,000 ex Dan Holmes Collection, Goldbergโ€™s auction, May 2012, lot 4555

1017

1018

1017 Republic. Silver Boliviano, 1864 PTS-FP, Potosi, 25.19g. Arms. Rev. Denomination within wreath, inverted P error in assayerโ€™s initials (KM 152.1). Once cleaned, good very fine. $ 60 1018 Republic. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Bronze Essai 2-Centavos, 1883-EG๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 9.72g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Flagged arms. Rev. Value within circle, LA UNION ES LA FUERZA and date in legend, ESSAI right of date. Plain edge (KM E4). Light-brown tone with remains of original lustre, mint state. $ 150

1019 Republic. Silver ยผ-Sol, 1853, Potosi, 0.88g. Mountains with llama at left. Rev. Llama right, sprigs and mint below (KM 117). Pierced, otherwise very fine. Rare. $ 85


1020

1021

1020 Republic. Silver 4-Soles, 1853-PAZ-J, Paz, 13.58g. Bare head of Bolivar left. Rev. Llamas beneath tree, stars above (KM 124.1). Usual dull tone, a couple of marks by bust, otherwise very fine. $ 550 1021 Republic. Silver 4-Soles, 1860-PTS FJ, Potosi, 10.15g. Laureate head of Bolivar left. Rev. Llamas beneath tree, stars above (KM 139). Some flecking on the reverse, good very fine, an attractive tone showing a good silver content. Rare. $ 125

1022

1023

1022 Republic. Silver 8-Soles, 1851-FM, Potosi. Bare head of Bolivar facing left. Rev. Llamas under tree (Eliz 104; KM 109). In NGC holder graded AU55 โ€œWings Approvedโ€, lustrous. $ 250 1023 Republic. Silver 8-Soles, 1859-PTS-FJ, Potosi, 19.72g. Laureate head of Bolivar left, legend reading Po 400 Gs. Rev. Llamas beneath tree, stars above (KM 138.1). Possibly removed from a mount, spot below bust and small dig on obverse, otherwise an attractive example, good very fine. The rarest type of the 1859 series. $ 850

1024

1025

1024 Republic. Silver 8-Soles, 1859-PTS-FJ, Potosi, 19.74g. Laureate head of Bolivar left, legend reading PESO 400 Gs. Rev. Llamas beneath tree, stars above (KM 138.3). Possibly ex-mount with light marks on the edge at 3 to 9 oโ€™clock, adjustment marks on the obverse, otherwise extremely fine, attractively toned. $ 95 1025 Republic. Silver 8-Soles, 1861-FJ, Potosi. Laureate head of Bolivar left. Rev. Llamas under a large tree (Eliz 121; KM 138.6). In NGC holder graded AU58 โ€œWings Approvedโ€, well struck with considerable original mint lustre. $ 300


1026 Republic. Gold 8-Escudos, 1832-JL, Potosi. Laureate bust of Bolivar to right, in military attire head type. Rev. Radiant sun above Cerro de Potosi, alpaca, wheatsheaf, and row of stars below (Fr 21; KM 99). In NGC holder graded MS61 โ€œWings Approvedโ€ (population two, none finer at NGC), the reflective fields retain most of their lustre. $ 6,000 ex ANRโ€™s Eliasberg Collection, April 2005, lot 1051

1027 Republic. Gold 8-Escudos, 1853-PTS-FP, Potosi. Laureate head of Bolivar right, name in neck truncation. Rev. Radiant sun above Cerro de Potosi, alpaca, wheatsheaf, and row of stars below (Fr 34; KM 116). In NGC holder graded MS61 โ€œWings Approvedโ€ (population one, none finer at NGC), sharp and fully struck up, quite attractive with brilliant to proof-like fields. $ 6,000


BRAZIL

Finest Known 20,000-Reis of 1724

1028 Joao V (1706-1750). Gold 20,000-Reis, 1724-M, Minas Gerais. Crowned arms, value at side. Rev. Cross of Jerusalem (Fr 33; KM 117). In NGC holder graded MS64 โ€œWings Approvedโ€ (population three, none finer at NGC and no mint state graded at PCGS), amazing strike with full original mint lustre. Rarest date of series. $ 40,000 ex ANRโ€™s Eliasberg Collection, April 2005, lot 1122 ex The Tampa Collection, The Number One Registry Set for NGC

Choice Mint State 20,000-Reis of 1725

1029 Joao V (1706-1750). Gold 20,000-Reis, 1725-M, Minas Gerais. Crowned arms, value at side. Rev. Cross of Jerusalem (Fr 33; KM 117). In NGC holder graded MS63 โ€œWings Approvedโ€ (population five, two finer at NGC in 64), bright lustre and bold strike, most pleasing overall. Second rarest date of series. $ 15,000 ex The Tampa Collection, The Number One Registry Set for NGC


Choice Mint State 20,000-Reis of 1726

1030 Joao V (1706-1750). Gold 20,000-Reis, 1726-M, Minas Gerais. Crowned arms, value at side. Rev. Cross of Jerusalem (Fr 33; KM 117). In NGC holder graded MS64 โ€œWings Approvedโ€ (population five, three finer at NGC in 65), frosty original mint bloom, a truly exceptional specimen. $ 18,000 ex The Tampa Collection, The Number One Registry Set for NGC.

Mint State 20,000-Reis of 1727

1031 Joao V (1706-1750). Gold 20,000-Reis, 1727-M, Minas Gerais. Crowned arms, value at side. Rev. Cross of Jerusalem (Fr 33; KM 117). In NGC holder graded MS63 (population three, none finer at NGC). $ 15,000 ex The Tampa Collection, The Number One Registry Set for NGC


1032 Republic. Silver 4000-Reis, 1900, 51.03g. Struck for the 400th Anniversary of the Discovery. Two sets of arms. Rev. Pedro Alvares Cabbai, star with 20 rays (KM 502.2). A few small surface marks, almost uncirculated with an attractive tone and underlying lustre. $ 800 BULGARIA

1033 Tsardom. Ferdinand I (1908-1918). Gold 100-Leva, 1912, 32.26g. Bare head left. Rev. Arms, date in very small numerals below, thin legend (F 5; KM 34). Abrasion marks both sides and small scratches below truncation, otherwise prooflike with highly reflective fields, close to mint state. A rare issue originally struck in 1912. $ 2,500 struck to commemorate the Independence from Ottoman Empire on September 22, 1908

BURMA

1034 Mindon Min (1853-1878). Gold 5-Mu (ยฝ-Mohur), 1228CS (1866). Chinthe. Rev. Legend and wreath (F 4a; KM A26; R&S -). In PCGS holder certified โ€œGenuine, Tooled, AU Detailsโ€, fields heavily tooled and brushed, otherwise good very fine. Very rare. $ 12,500 ex Hong Kong Coin Auction 42, Baldwinโ€™s-MaTakWo, 30 August 2007, lot 765


1035 Mindon Min (1853-1878). Gold Kyat (Mohur), 1228CS (1866). Chinthe. Rev. Legend and wreath (F 4; KM 28; R&S 11.11). In PCGS holder certified โ€œGenuine, Tooled, AU Detailsโ€, fields heavily tooled and brushed, otherwise good very fine. Very rare. $ 35,000 ex Hong Kong Coin Auction 42, Baldwinโ€™s-MaTakWo, 30 August 2007, lot 764

CAMBODIA

1036 Kingdom. Silver Tical, CS1208 (1847). Hamza bird left. Rev. Temple. Thick flan. One year type (KM 36). In NGC holder graded AU58. Very scarce in high grade. $ 750 CANADA

1037 Edward VII (1901-1910). Silver 50-Cents, 1902, 11.61g. Crowned bust right. Rev. Value and date within wreath, crown above (KM 12). Tiny marks under an attractive dark-grey cabinet tone, virtually uncirculated. Rare in such high grade. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ $ 800


1038 Edward VII (1901-1910). Gold Sovereign, 1910-C (Fr 1; KM 14). In PCGS holder graded MS62.

$ 600

1039 Dominion of Canada. Silver Medal, undated (c.1880s), 41mm. With original green case of issue (Leroux-1460). In PCGS holder graded PR61, lovely old tone. $ 250

CHILE

1040 Republic. Gold 10-Pesos, 1855, 15.16g. Plumed arms with supporters. Rev. Liberty standing at altar (F 45; KM 131). Attractive very fine, scratch at 1 oรข€™clock on the obverse rim, small edge nicks and surface marks. $ 325

1041 Copiapo, Revolutionary Coinage of 1859. Silver 50-Centavos, undated (1859), 11.61g. Necessity issue struck by Don Pedro Leon Gallo in Copiapo. Star in relief within shield pointed down. Rev. Plain (KM 1.2). Vertical flan flaw to left of denomination, extremely fine and attractively toned. $ 200


Possibly Unique Essai Peso

1042 Republic. Silver Essai Peso, 189- So, Santiago, 19.94g. By O Roty. Tasset. Seventh Condor type. Condor left on rocky peak, ESSAI in field at 4 oโ€™clock. Rev. Large wreath, value and date within, last digit of date omitted. Reeded edge (WR -, cf 16; Elizondo -, cf type 17; KM -, cf 152.1). In NGC holder graded PR58, strike a little soft at the centre on the obverse, fine reflective to prooflike fields, the reverse with some hairlines, light medium gray toning in general, darker tone patch near the date. This specimen with the incomplete date appears to be unpublished, and may well be the only example known. $ 3,500 ex Millennia Collection, Goldbergโ€™s auction, May 2008, lot 1015

1043 Republic. Gold 5-Pesos, 1867-So, Santiago, 7.63g. Plumed arms with supporters. Rev. Liberty standing at altar (KM 144). First digit of date double struck, very few small marks on the obverse mainly and light wear on reverse, an attractive specimen of this rare type showing the modified arms, nearly uncirculated with underlying lustre. Extremely rare. $ 1,200

1044 Republic. Copper ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Pattern 8-Escudos, 1836 IJ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , Santiago ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ mint, ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ 17.79g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Plumed ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ arms with supporters. Rev. Standing Liberty. Reeded edge (KM Pn4). Lacquered, numerous small digs and few recent scratches, otherwise about uncirculated, attractively toned. $ 100

1045 Republic. Gold 8-Escudos, 1834-So IJ. Radiant sun above volcanos, date of Independence below, all within circular wreath. Rev. Column surmounted by globe, crossed flags behind, all within circular wreath (Fr 33; KM 84). Beautiful strike with frosty mint lustre, cleaned with light hairlines, otherwise about uncirculated. $ 4,500


CHINA

1046

1047

1046 Empire. Warring States. ยฝ-Jin โ€œBridge Crotch Spade Moneyโ€ (An-Yi-Ban-Jin), 476-221 BC. Inscription reads from the top of right column to the bottom, then from right column to left column, just like other traditional Chinese texts. Sharp very fine, holed on the hilt, even dark green patina on both sides, no corrosion or other damage. $ 2,000 These spade coins were minted during a special period in Chinese history called the โ€œWarring Statesโ€ when the country was separated into several kingdoms The shape of the coins is believed to be an abstract design based on farming tools. This coin was a legal tender issued by the Kingdom of Wei, which was the most powerful kingdom at the beginning of the Warring States period. Three different denominations were issued, 2-Jin, 1-Jin and ยฝ-Jin. Compared to the other two denominations, the ยฝ-Jin coins are typically rarer and harder to locate in high grades. The hole on the hilt is probably not as made, but very commonly seen for the denomination, just like the holes on Spanish Royal Cobs.

1047 Empire. Warring States. โ€œRound Feet Spade Moneyโ€, 475-221 BC. Chinese Character โ€œLinโ€ for the name of the city where the coin was minted. Rev. Unverifiable Chinese character (probably โ€œShiโ€, meaning ten) for the number stove that this coin was cast in. Good very fine, a small area of damage on the hilt of the coin, otherwise a really nice example for this old and rare ancient Chinese coin. $ 600 The city of Lin was part of Kingdom of Zhao at that time, and the kingdom was considered as one of the strongest powers at later Warring States period

(image reduced)

1048 Empire. Spring and Autumn (Eastern Zhou Dynasty). โ€œFlat Shoulder Curved Feet Empty Hilt Spade Moneyโ€, 8th to 5th Century BC. Straight line large format type. Inscription is probably Chinese character โ€œWuโ€ (the fifth Tian-Gan) (Hartill 2.130 type; Fisherโ€™s Ding 49 type). Small hole on the obverse side of the hollow hilt which does not go through to the other side, good very fine. A very rare and popular early type of Chinese spade money. $ 1,850

During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the central government lost power and authority, and controlled only a small area around the capital. This coin was issued during the later Spring and Autumn period by the Zhou government for circulation in the suburbs of the capital and adjoining kingdoms. Usually bearing one or two characters, these early spade coins are collected by types and highly sought after.


1049 Empire. Spring and Autumn (Eastern Zhou Dynasty). โ€œReclinate Shoulder Curved Feet Empty Hilt Spade Moneyโ€, 6th to 4th Century BC. Chinese character โ€œWuโ€ (not the same โ€œWuโ€ as seen on the flat shoulder type) probably refering to the mint in Wu-An. This is a relatively common variety among the seven varieties known for this reclinate shoulder type spade money. Choice extremely fine, the character is extraordinarily clear and the overall details of the coin is outstanding, the green patina on this coin is pleasingly vivid, which adds the eye appeal, and the edges are still very sharp. $ 1,200 These types were issued slightly later than the flat shoulder types and were minted also for circulation around the suburbs of the capital and adjoining kingdoms.

1050 Empire. Pattern Nickel 1/10-Dollar (10-Cents), undated (1910). Dragon, 1/10 DOL. below. Reeded edge (KM Pn311; K 222y). In PCGS holder graded SP53. Rare. $ 1,000

1051

1052

1051 Republic. Li Yuan-Hung. Silver Dollar, undated (1912). Commemorating the founding of Republic of China (L&M 45; KM Y321). In PCGS holder graded MS63, lustrous. $ 5,000 1052 Republic. Chiang Kai-Shek. 10-Cash, undated (1943). Commemorative issue struck at Chengdu branch of the Central Mint (X 590; L&M 970). In PCGS holder graded MS63 Brown (tied for the finest graded by PCGS, and is also the sample coin shown on the page of the PCGS Population Report of this issue). Very rare. $ 3,500


Very Rare Chekiang 50 Cents

1053 Chekiang. Kuang-Hsu Yuan-Pao. Silver 50-Cents, undated (1898-1899) (KM Y54; L&M 283). In PCGS holder certified โ€œGenuine, About Uncirculated, Details (Damage)โ€, sharp strike, toned. Very rare. $ 2,500

1054 Fengtien. Copper $1 Token, ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ undated ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ (1904) (KM Tn1; Woodward 242; CCC 349). In NGC holder graded VF20 Brown. $ 2,500 These copper tokens struck on 10-Cash planchets are not listed in many reference catalogues. A full set of these tokens comprise 10-Cash, 100-Cash and the largest denomination of $1, which is the piece offered here. These tokens are considered as the classic rarities of Fengtien coppers and are popular but very rare in any grade.

COLOMBIA

1055 Charles IV (1788-1808). Gold Escudo, 1795-P JF, Popayan๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 3.38g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Uniformed ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ bust right. Rev. Crowned arms within Order of the Golden Fleece chain (KM 56.2). Very fine, an attractive specimen with a light tone. $ 325

1056 Pre-Republican-Cartagena. Siege Coinage. Copper ยฝ-Real, 1812. Indian figure under tree (KM D2). In NGC holder graded AU53 Brown, a well struck example. Very scarce in high grade. $ 250


1057

1058

1057 Pre-Republican-Cundinamarca. Silver Real, 1813-JF. Indian in headdress facing left. Rev. Pomegranate and value (KM F1). In NGC holder certified โ€œAbout Uncirculated, Details (Graffiti)โ€, lightly cleaned with โ€œXโ€ scratched in the obverse field, hair and headdress boldly struck. $ 1,000 1058 Republic of Nueva Granada.๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Silver 8-Reales, 1820-JF, Cundinamarca. Head of Indian left, wearing feathered headdress. Rev. Pomegranate, value flanking (Eliz 15; KM C6). In NGC holder graded EF45, toned with a good even strike. Quite scarce this nice. $ 1,000

1059

1060

1059 Republic of Nueva Granada. Gold 16-Pesos, 1842-RS, Bogota. Draped bust of Liberty left, with brooch and earring. Rev. Triple segmented shield, surmounted by condor and banner (Fr 74; KM 94.1). In NGC holder graded MS62, lovely original mint fresh lustre. $ 1,500 1060 United States of Colombia. Silver ยฝ-Peso, 1868, Medellin, 12.35g. Liberty head left. Rev. Condor above flagged arms. One-year type (KM 152). Fine, lightly toned. Extremely rare. $ 2,500

1061 Republic. Gold 5-Pesos, 1919, 7.96g. 2ยฝ-Pesos, 1913, 3.93g. Stonecutter. Rev. Arms and value (F 110, 111; KM 195.1, 194). First extremely fine, second good very fine. (2) $ 225

1062 Casino Cucuta. Copper ยฝ-Fuerte, 14mm, and 2-Fuerte, 33mm, undated. EL CASINO CUCUTA. Rev. Value. Both brilliant uncirculated with original lustre. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ (2) $ 100


COSTA RICA

1063 Republic. Gold 4-Escudos (ยฝ-Onza), 1850 JB, 12.58g. Arms. Rev. Indian woman leaning against column (F 7; KM 100). Usual wear on the reverse, good very fine, lightly toned. Rare. $ 1,700

1064

1065

1066

1064 Aluminium Essai Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 1.27g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Flagged arms. Rev. ESSAI DE MONNAIE 1892. Plain thin edge (KM -; Guttag Collection 1499F). A few surface and edge marks, as usual for these soft strikes, almost as struck with a lustrous obverse field. Rare. $ 250 1065 Copper Essai Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 4.10g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Flagged ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ arms. Rev. ESSAI DE MONNAIE 1892. Plain thin edge (KM -; Guttag Collection 1499G). Uneven obverse tone and a couple of minor spots on the reverse, otherwise lustrous uncirculated. Rare. $ 200 1066 Copper Piedfort Essai Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 6.06g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Flagged arms. Rev. ESSAI DE MONNAIE 1892. Plain thick edge (KM -; Guttag Collection -). As struck, a couple of minor finger print marks and light scratches by left of date, attractive original red tone. Very rare. $ 350

1067

1068

1069

1067 Aluminium Pattern Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 1.30g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Flagged arms. Rev. 1 CENTAVO 1892 within wreath. Plain thin edge (cf KM Pn6 for type; Guttag Collection 1499). A few scratches in the reverse field, otherwise brilliant uncirculated. Rare, unrecorded in aluminium. $ 300 1068 Aluminium Piedfort Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 1.88g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Flagged arms. Rev. 1 CENTAVO 1892 within wreath. Plain thick edge (KM P5; Guttag Collection -). A few scratches on a lightly pitted reverse, some edge nicks, obverse better, otherwise about uncirculated. Rare. $ 250 1069 Copper Piedfort Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 6.14g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Flagged arms. Rev. 1 CENTAVO 1892 within wreath. Plain thick edge (cf KM P2 for type; Guttag Collection 1499B). A couple of dark spots on the reverse, almost as struck with an attractive red tone, lustrous. Rare, unrecorded in copper. $ 400


1070

1071

1072

1070 Cupro-Nickel Pattern Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 4.22g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Flagged ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ arms. Rev. UN CENTAVO 1892. Plain thin edge (cf KM Pn7 for type; Guttag Collection -). Surface oxidation spot at top of obverse, nearly as struck. Rare, unrecorded in cupro-nickel with this reverse. $ 300 1071 Aluminium Pattern Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 1.31g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Flagged ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ arms. Rev. UN CENTAVO 1892. Plain thin edge (cf KM Pn7 for type; Guttag Collection -). Light abrasion marks on both surfaces as usual for these soft metal strikes, brilliant as struck. Rare, unrecorded in aluminium. $ 300 1072 Copper Piedfort Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 6.25g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Flagged ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ arms. Rev. UN CENTAVO 1892. Plain thick edge (KM P1, only nickel and aluminium strikes mentioned for this type; Guttag Collection 1499D). A few light abrasion marks on the reverse, otherwise as struck. Rare, unrecorded in copper for this type. $ 300

1073

1074

1075

1073 Aluminium Piedfort Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 1.87g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Flagged ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ arms. Rev. UN CENTAVO 1892. Plain thick edge (cf KM P1 for type; Guttag Collection -). Light scratches on the reverse and edge, otherwise brilliant uncirculated. Rare, unrecorded in aluminium. $ 300 1074 Counterstamped Coinage, Silver Real, type VI countermark (1849-1857), 2.63g. HABILITADA POR EL GOBIERNO around lion on British Sixpence 1837 (KM 89, host coin KM 712). Host coin fine only, countermark very fine. $ 150 1075 Counterstamped Coinage, Silver Real, type VI countermark (1849-1857), 2.76g. HABILITADA POR EL GOBIERNO around lion on British Sixpence 1850 (KM 90, host coin KM 733). Host coin and countermark toned, very fine. $ 200 CYPRUS

1076 George V (1910-1936). Silver 45-Piastres, 1928. Commemorating 50 Years of British Administration. Crowned bust left. Rev. Two lions rampant left (Dav 242; KM 19). In NGC holder graded MS64, gem uncirculated, sharply struck and beautifully toned in shades of burnt orange and electric blue iridescence. $ 500 ex FDC Collection Conservatively graded by NGC and a likely upgrade candidate.


DANISH WEST INDIES

1077 Christian IX. Gold 4-Daler-20 Francs, 1904. Head left. Rev. Seated liberty figure (Fr 2; KM 72). In NGC holder graded MS64. $ 800 DENMARK

1078 Christian IX (1863-1906). Silver Proof 2-Rigsdaler, 1863. For the death of Frederik VII and the accession of Christian IX (Dav 78; KM 770). In NGC holder graded PR64, lovely golden-tan tone against a mirror surface (population one, none finer at NGC). Rare. $ 2,500 Only 39 Proof pieces struck

1079 Christian IX (1863-1906). Silver 2-Rigsdaler, 1864-HG/RH. Head right. Rev. Value in wreath (Dav 79; KM 772.1). In NGC holder graded MS65 (population one, none finer at NGC). $ 1,200

1080 Christian IX (1863-1906). Gold 20-Kroner, 1873-CS. Head right. Rev. Female seated, dolphin at side (Fr 295; KM 791.1). In NGC holder graded MS66 (population nine, none finer at NGC). $ 1,000


DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

1081 Silver 50-Centesimos, Franco and 5-Francos, 1891A, Paris mint. Arms. Rev. Head left, value and date (KM 10-12). The Franco with surface stains, all cleaned and lacquered at some stage, generally about very fine. (3) $ 150

1082 Silver 10-Centavos, 20-Centavos and Peso, 1897A, Philadelphia mint from dies made in Paris. Arms. Rev. Head left, value and date (KM 13, 14, 16). Usual tone for these issues, all cleaned and lacquered at some stage, first two about very fine, one stained, the Peso extremely fine. (3) $ 200

1083 Silver 10-Centavos (2), 1942, 1944, 25-Centavos, 1942, and ยฝ-Peso, 1937 (KM 19-21). First ex mount, fine, the second and third about uncirculated, the ยฝ-Peso brilliant uncirculated. Last scarce in such high grade. (4) $ 100

1084

1085

1086

1084 Copper Essai Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 3.95g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Arms. Rev. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ESSAI DE MONNAIE, 1892. Plain ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ thin๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ edge๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ (KM E20). Light surface marks, otherwise brilliant uncirculated with most of its original red tone. $ 400 1085 Aluminium Essai Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 1.26g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Arms. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Rev. ESSAI DE MONNAIE, 1892. Plain ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ thin edge๏ฟฝ (KM E22). ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ A few light scratches on the obverse mainly, lustrous uncirculated. Rare. $ 750 1086 Aluminium Piedfort Essai Centavo, 1892, 1.85g. Arms. Rev. ESSAI DE MONNAIE. 1892. Plain thick edge (KM E23). Deep scratch across part of the reverse and few edge nicks, extremely fine. $ 500


ECUADOR

1087

1088

1087 Republic. Gold 10-Sucres, 1900 JM, Birmingham, 8.01g. Head of General Sucre left. Rev. Flag draped arms (F 10; KM 56). Polished with some related damage to the surface, otherwise very fine, reverse better. $ 250 ex Hess Auction 246, lot 531

1088 Republic. Silver 4-Reales, 1862 GJ, Quito. Liberty head left with long hair. Rev. Flag draped arms. Struck en mรฉdaille. Edge corded (KM 37a). In PCGS holder certified โ€œTooled โ€“ XF Detailsโ€, a few light scratches before bust and in reverse fields, otherwise about extremely fine, well struck. An extremely rare issue. $ 3,250 ex Ponterio & Associates Sale 86, 4-5 April 1997, lot 2793

EGYPT

1089 Copper Franc Token, 1865. Ch. & A. Bazin. Ship with full sail. Rev. Denomination within wreath (KM Tn3). In NGC holder graded MS63 Brown. $ 750 ETHIOPIA

1090 Emperor Menelik II (1889-1913). ยผ-Birr, EE1887-A (1894), Paris mint. Small lion. Rev. By LaGrange with his fasces privy mark (KM 3). In NGC holder graded PR65 (only five certified proofs by NGC, including possible resubmissions, one is 62, three are 64 and a single 65, this coin, PCGS has graded only one proof at 62), gem quality exhibiting full brilliance overlaid in pale gold highlighted by russet in the protected areas. A rare Proof strike, the highest graded and maybe the finest extant. $ 1,250 ex FDC Collection


FRANCE

1091 Charles V (1364-1380). Gold Franc a Pied, undated. Standing King in armor holding sword and sceptre under Gothic dais. Rev. Floriated cross in quadrilobe (Fr 284). In NGC holder graded MS63, original mint fresh lustre. $ 2,000 ex Agora Collection

1092

1093

1092 Charles VI (1380-1422). Gold Ecu dโ€™Or, undated. Crowned arms of France. Rev. Floriated cross in quadrilobe (Fr 291). In NGC holder graded MS64, natural flan flaw on the reverse, brilliant mint lustre. $ 1,800 1093 Charles VI (1380-1422). Gold Ecu dโ€™Or, undated. Crowned arms of France. Rev. Floriated cross in quadrilobe (Fr 291). In NGC holder graded MS62, sharply struck and well centreed with much original mint lustre. $ 1,250

1094 Louis XV (1715-1774). Silver Proof Ecu au Bandeau, 1740-A, Paris๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 29.41g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Head ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ left, hair tied ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ with a bandeau. Rev. Crowned oval arms within olive wreath (Dav 1331; Gadoury 322, R3; KM 512.1). A splendid specimen with only few tiny surface marks, brilliant uncirculated with highly reflective fields and an attractive grey tone. A rare and exceptional coin with a lot of eye appeal. $ 6,000


1095 Third Republic (1871-1940). Silver 5-Francs, 1873-A, Paris, 24.97g. Hercules standing facing between Liberty and Equality. Rev. Value and date within wreath (Gadoury 745a; KM 820.1). Two very small marks across the leg of Hercules and by T of LIBERTE, otherwise mint state with an attractive greyblue obverse toning, the reverse prooflike, one of the best specimens any collector would wish to acquire. $ 450

1096 Third Republic (1871-1940). Gold 50-Francs 1887-A, Paris, 16.12g. Genius writing the Constitution. Rev. Value and date within wreath (F 591; Gadoury 1113; KM 831). Small surface marks and light wear, almost uncirculated with a light tone and some lustre. Exceedingly rare. $ 5,500 mintage of 301 pieces only

GERMAN NEW-GUINEA

1097 Silver Mark, 1894-A, Berlin, 5.54g. Bird of Paradise. Rev. Value and date within wreath (KM 5). A couple of light scratches and the reverse heavily toned, uncirculated, a popular one-year type. $ 550


GERMANY

1098 German States. Baden. Friedrich II (1907-1918). Gold 20-Marks, 1912-G (Fr 3760; KM 284; J 192). In NGC holder graded MS65 (population one, none finer at NGC). $ 1,000

1099 German States. Bavaria. Silver 2-Mark, 3-Mark and 5-Mark Set, 1911-D. With original dated box (Dav 619; KM 997, 998, 999; J 48, 49, 50). All in NGC holders graded MS64, MS62 and MS65. (3) $ 500

1100

1101

1100 German States. Hamburg. Gold 20 Marks, 1913-J. City arms. Rev. Eagle (Fr 3777; KM 618; J 212). In NGC holder graded MS65 (population one hundred, thirteen finer at NGC, twelve ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ in 66, one in 67๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ).๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ $ 1,000 1101 German States. Murbach & Luders. Johann Rudolf Stor von Storenberg (1542-1570). Silver Thaler, 1546. Mitered arms. Rev. Crowned double eagle (Dav 9586). In NGC holder graded MS61, lustrous. $ 4,000


1102 German States. Saxe-Albertine Line. August (1553-1586). Silver Thaler, 1565-HB. Bust with sword right dividing date. Rev. Helmeted arms (Dav 9795). In NGC holder graded AU58, reflective fields with much original mint lustre. $ 600

1103 German States. Saxony. Friedrich August II (1733-1763), Duke, Elector and King of Poland as Augustus III. Silver Vicariat Thaler, 1741. Friedrich as Elector on horseback. Rev. Vacant Imperial throne (Dav 2669; KM 907). In NGC holder graded MS64 ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ (only eight graded by NGC, of which ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ four are circulated and four mint state, two in 61, one 63 and this specimen, MS64๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ )๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , superb, gem brilliant uncirculated, well struck with full original frosty mint lustre. Very rare in such nice condition, the finest graded by NGC and quite likely the finest known. $ 3,500 ex FDC Collection Upon the death of HRE Charles VI in 1740, his daughter Maria Theresa came to the throne but without universal support, leading to the War of the Austrian Succession. Friedrich, desirous of certain Habsburg lands for Saxony, at first opposed Maria Theresa, then changed sides in 1742. During the short interim, this vicariat Thaler was struck - one of the most handsome designs of 18th Century German and Polish coinage.


1104 German States. Saxony. Friedrich August II (1733-1763), Duke, Elector and King of Poland as Augustus III. Gold 5-Thalers, 1754-EC. Crowned and draped bust right. Rev. Crowned arms (Fr 2859; HCz 2856; KM A943). Graded AU55 by NGC, with tag (not in holder, the only example graded by NGC), attractive with good eye appeal. $ 1,000

1105 German States. Saxony. Friedrich August III (1904-1918). Gold 10-Marks, 1912-E (Fr 3849; KM 1264; J 267). In NGC holder graded MS63 (๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ population one, two finer at NGC, one๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ in 66, one in 67๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ )๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . $ 800 mintage 75,250 pieces

Amazing 1791 Thaler of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt

1106 German States. Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt. Prince Friedrich Karl (1790-1793). Silver Thaler, 1791-ICK (Saalfeld). One year type. Bust of the prince right. Rev. Crowned shield flanked by โ€œWildmanโ€ (KM 734; Dav 2772; Fischer 586). In NGC holder graded MS65 Prooflike, very sharply struck with somewhat frosty central devices contrasting with wholly prooflike, blazingly lustrous fields. Extremely rare this nice, the only one so graded but we doubt any specimen extant can have greater visual appeal. $ 5,000 ex FDC Collection This coin could easily be mistaken for a Proof and it may well be by 18th Century standards. Consultation with three well known Thaler specialists has confirmed that at the very least it is of โ€œSpecimenโ€ status, ie a coin struck for special purpose, most likely presentation. NGC has graded it MS65 PL as concession to its grand quality, though even this high numerical grade seems quite conservative.


Rare 1ยผ Thaler of 1675

1107 German States. Silesia-Liegnitz-Brieg. Georg Wilhelm (1672-1675). Silver 1ยผ-Thaler, 1675. On his death. SK on arm for Samuel Koller, Goldsmith in Brieg. Facing bust in armor. Rev. Sixteen-line inscription (Dav LS488; KM 536). In NGC holder graded AU58, boldly struck example with original mint lustre beneath old cabinet toning. Rare. $ 9,000

1108 German States. Stolberg. Ludwig II von Konigstein (1535-1574). Silver Thaler, 1546. Nordlingen mint. Clover, arms in centre of cross, four arms in angles. Rev. Crowned double eagle with Nordlingen eagle arms below (Dav 9866). In NGC holder graded MS63. $ 4,500

1109

1110

1109 German States. Wurttenberg, Wilhelm II (1891-1918). Silver 3-Mark, 1911-F, 16.67g. For the Silver Wedding Anniversary. High bar in H of CHARLOTTE, conjoined heads right. Rev. Imperial eagle (Jaeger 177b; KM 637). One small light scratch on Wilhelmโ€™s hair, choice brilliant uncirculated with a prooflike reverse. A very rare type. $ 850 mintage of 7000 pieces only

1110 Silver 5-Reichsmark, 1935-A. Hindenburg issue. Rev. Eagle (KM 86; J 360). In NGC holder graded PR65 Cameo. $ 500


GREAT BRITAIN

Extremely Rare Offa Portrait Penny

1111 Kings of Mercia. Offa (757-796). Silver Penny, undated. Light coinage. Portrait floral cross type. Moneyer Ethilwald (North 310; S 905v). Very fine, struck on full flan with well defined portrait. Extremely rare. $ 4,000

1112 Cnut (1016-1035). Silver Penny, undated. Quatrefoil type. Crowned bust left (S 1157). In PCGS holder graded MS63, a splendid example, boldly struck and fully lustrous. $ 1,000

1113 Henry VI (first reign, 1422-1461). Silver Groat, undated. Rosette-mascle issue (1430-1431). Calais mint. (S 1859). In NGC holder graded AU55, sharply struck with rich old cabinet tone $ 400

Mint State Henry VIII Angel

1114 Henry VIII (1509-1547). Gold Angel, undated, mintmark portcullis. St Michael spearing dragon. Rev. Ship and quartered shield of arms (S 2265). In NGC holder graded MS63, about as struck with great eye appeal and a superb portrait of St Michael, nice original surfaces. Rare in such high grade. $ 5,500


1115 Charles I (1625-1649). Silver Halfpound, 1642, Oxford mint, 60.80g. King on horseback left, with scarf and raised sword, groundline with arms below, Oxford plume in field behind. Rev. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Declaration in two lines, date below, three Oxford plumes and value above, legend surrounding, initial mark seven pellets (North 2404; S 2945). A little double struck on obverse with ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ surface marks๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , otherwise about very fine. $ 4,000

1116 Commonwealth. Silver Crown, 1656/4/6. Large โ€œ6โ€ of date struck over a โ€œ4โ€ and another smaller โ€œ6โ€. COMMONWEALTH OF ENGLAND around a shield containing St Georgeโ€™s Cross. Rev. 1653 GOD WITH VS around shields of England and Ireland, mark of value. (S 3214; as ESC 9a). In NGC holder graded F12. Rare triple overstruck numeral in date. $ 3,000

1117 James II (1685-1688). Silver Crown, 1688. (S 3407; Dav 3779; ESC 80). In PCGS holder graded MS64, well struck and free from the metal flecking and striking weaknesses which usually plague this issue, delightfully toned in shades of blue and magenta. Scarce three-year issue and rare in such high grade. $ 7,000 This is the second and scarcer year of the James II second bust Crowns. James began his reign in 1685 upon the death of his more charismatic brother Charles II. James had become a Catholic in 1671 which dented his popularity considerably and led to attempts to exclude him from the succession. There followed the bloody rebellions of Monmouth and Argyll, and finally the invitation for William of Orange to take the throne in 1688. James fled to France where he was exiled, and all his coins remain rare in high grade. The Millennia Collection (Goldbergโ€™s auction, May 2008) included two uncirculated James II Crowns, but these were both 1687 and โ€˜onlyโ€™ graded MS62.


1118 William III (1694-1702). Silver Halfcrown, 1698. First draped bust right. Rev. Modified large shields. DECIMO on edge (S 3494; ESC 554). In PCGS holder graded MS64, well struck, lovely original mint lustre with pale gray toning. $ 1,250 ex The Agora Collection

1119 George I (1714-1727). Silver Crown, 1723 SSC, 30.09g. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Laureate and draped bust right. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Rev. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Crowned cruciform shields, garter star at centre, initials of the South Sea Company in angles. Edge inscribed (ESC 114; S 3639). Some light flecking, tiny dig on cheek, toned, practically extremely fine. $ 4,000

1120 George II (1727-1760). Silver Crown, 1743. Roses. GEORGIVS II DEI GRATIA, laureate draped and cuirassed bust of king. Rev. Crowned cruciform arms (S 3688; ESC 124; Dav 1349). In NGC holder graded AU58, beautifully toned and practically mint state for this issue. $ 3,000

1121 George III (1760-1820). Proof Farthing, 1799. Laureate bust right. Rev. Britannia seated (S 3779; KM 646). In PCGS holder graded PR64 Red and Brown, lovely tone with good eye-appeal. $ 400 ex The Agora Collection


1122 Ireland. George III (1760-1820). Copper Proof Penny, 1805. Laureate bust right. Rev. Harp (S 6620; KM 148.1). In NGC holder graded PR67 Brown. $ 800

1123 George III (1760-1820). ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Copper โ€œCartwheelโ€ Twopence, 1797. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Laureate head right. Rev. Britannia (S 3776; KM 619). In NGC holder graded MS64 Brown, uncirculated with a hint of original mint red in the lettering, glossy and free from surface marks and edge knocks. Very unusual to find an example of this normally well circulated coin in such exquisite condition. $ 1,400

1124 George III (1760-1820). Copper โ€œCartwheelโ€ Twopence, 1797. Laureate head right. Rev. Britannia (S 3776; KM 619). In NGC holder graded MS64 Red and Brown, attractive example. $ 600 ex The Agora Collection

1125 George III (1760-1820). Silver Halfcrown, 1817. (S 3788; ESC 616; KM 667). Large bust. A beautifully toned mint state example of this two year type coin. NGC graded MS-64. $ 650


1126 George III (1760-1820). Silver Dollar, undated (1797). Oval countermark on Mexico 8-Reales of 1790 Mo FM (S 3765A; ESC 129; KM 633). In NGC holder graded AU58, lightly toned with considerable original mint lustre. $ 1,000 ex A-Tokyo Collection

1127

1128

1127 George III (1760-1820). ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Copper Bank Dollar, 1804. Struck on a thick heavy flan (ESC 164A, R3). In NGC holder graded PR63 Brown. An extremely rare pattern crown. $ 1,200 1128 George III (1760-1820). Gold ยฝ-Sovereign, 1817. Laureate head right. Rev. Crowned shield (S 3786; Fr 372; KM 673). In PCGS holder graded MS62, lovely mint brilliance with good eye appeal. $ 1,250

1129 Victoria (1837-1901). Bronze Proof Halfpenny, 1884. Young head (S 3956; KM 754). In NGC holder graded PR68 Red and Brown, very attractive with vibrant colors. $ 1,500 ex The Agora Collection


Gem Cameo Proof 1853 Gothic Florin

1130 Victoria (1837-1901). Silver Proof Gothic Florin, 1853. (S 3891; ESC 809; KM 746.1). In NGC holder graded PR66 Cameo (population one, none finer at NGC), magnificently toned in rainbow colors this is an exceptional example. Very rare. $ 3,500

1131

1132

1131 Victoria (1837-1901). Silver Halfcrown, 1842. รข€œYoung Headรข€? portrait of the Queen by William Wyon. Rev. Crowned shield within an ornate wreath (S 3888; ESC 675; KM 740). In NGC holder graded MS63, a richly toned mint state coin with underlying prooflike surfaces. $ 2,000 1132 Victoria (1837-1901). Silver Proof Crown, 1893 LVI, 28.37g. Veiled head left. Rev. St George and dragon (ESC 304; S 3937; KM 783). A couple of minor contact marks each side, mint state with mirror-like fields and an attractive original silver tone. Very rare. $ 650 mintage of 1312 pieces only


1133

1134

1133 Victoria (1837-1901). Gold Sovereign, 1871. Die number 30. Young head. Rev. Shield (S 3853B; Fr 387i; KM 736.2). In PCGS holder graded MS62, lustrous. $ 700 1134 Victoria (1837-1901). Gold Sovereign, 1872. No die number. Young head. Rev. Shield (S 3852C; Fr 387e; KM 736.1). In PCGS holder graded MS63, attractive mint fresh lustrous example. $ 500

Gold Proof Five Pounds with the Famous Una & Lion Reverse Design

1135 Victoria (1837-1901). Gold Proof Five Pounds, 1839. Young filleted head, six full scrolls to front fillet, thirteen leaves to rear fillet. Rev. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ The Queen as Una leading the British lion, DIRIGE type legend, date in Roman numerals in exergue, inscribed edge in raised letters (Linecar and Stone 17, type 2AW; W&R 278 R4; S 3851). In PCGS holder graded PR62 Deep Cameo. Very rare, the classic British gold coin. $ 100,000


Rare 1839 Proof Set

1136 Victoria (1837-1901). Proof Set, 1839, consisting of 15 coins. Gold Five Pounds, Young head โ€˜Una & the Lionโ€™ type. Gold Sovereign. Gold Half-Sovereign. Silver Crown, Halfcrown, Shilling, Sixpence, Groat and โ€˜Maundy Setโ€™ of Fourpence, Threepence, Twopence and Penny.. Bronzed-Copper Penny, Halfpenny and Farthing, with original presentation case (S PS3). Rare. All in PCGS holders graded : Five Pounds PR63 Deep Cameo Sovereign PR62 Deep Cameo Maundy Fourpence PL63 Half Sovereign PR63 Deep Cameo Maundy Threepence PL64 Crown PR63 Cameo Maundy Twopence PL64 Halfcrown PR63 Cameo Maundy Penny PL64 Shilling PR63 Cameo Penny PR63 Sixpence PR64+ Cameo Halfpenny PR64 Groat PR64 Cameo Farthing PR65 $ 170,000


1137 Victoria (1837-1901). Proof Set, 1853, consisting of 16 coins. Gold Sovereign. Gold HalfSovereign. Silver Gothic Crown, with โ€˜Septimoโ€™ edge. Silver Halfcrown, Florin, Shilling, Sixpence, Groat and โ€˜Maundy Setโ€™ of Fourpence, Threepence, Twopence and Penny. Copper Penny, Halfpenny, Farthing, with ww incuse, and Half-Farthing, with original presentation case (S PS4). Extremely rare, the hardest set to find. All except the Halfpenny in PCGS holders graded : Sovereign PR63+ Deep Cameo Maundy Fourpence PL65 Half-Sovereign PR63 Deep Cameo Maundy Threepence PL65 Gothic Crown PR63 Cameo Maundy Twopence PL66 Halfcrown PR63 Maundy Penny PL66 Gothic Florin PR64 Penny PR64BN Shilling PR64 Halfpenny, toned, virtually as struck, slight lamination on obverse Sixpence PR64 Farthing PR64BN Groat PR64 Half Farthing PR65BN $ 100,000


1138 Victoria (1837-1901). Proof Set, 1887, Jubilee issue, consisting of 11 coins. Gold Five Pounds, variety without BP in exergue. Gold Two Pounds, Sovereign and Half-Sovereign. Silver Crown, Double-Florin, with Arabic 1 in date, Halfcrown, Florin, Shilling, Sixpence and Threepence, with original red presentation case (S PS5). All in PCGS holders graded : Five Pounds, PR62 Cameo Two Pounds PR62 Deep Cameo Halfcrown PR63 Cameo Sovereign PR63 Deep Cameo Florin PR63 Cameo Half-Sovereign PR63 Deep Cameo Shilling PR64 Cameo Crown PR63 Cameo Sixpence PR64 Cameo Double Florin PR63 Threepence PR63 Cameo $ 22,000


1139 Victoria (1837-1901). Proof Set, 1893, consisting of 10 coins. Old โ€œwidowโ€ head issue. Gold Five Pounds, Two Pounds, Sovereign and Half-Sovereign. Silver Crown, Halfcrown, Florin, Shilling, Sixpence and Threepence, with original presentation case (S PS7). All in PCGS holders graded : Five Pounds PR62 Deep Cameo Two Pounds PR63 Deep Cameo Sovereign PR62 Cameo Half-Sovereign PR62 Cameo Crown PR65 Cameo Halfcrown PR62 Cameo Florin PR63 Shilling PR63 Cameo Sixpence PR64 Threepence PL64. $ 30,000


1140 George V (1910-1936). Silver Crown, 1930. Portrait of King George V. Rev. Large stylised crown (S 4036; ESC 370; Dav 110; KM 836). In NGC holder graded MS63, mint state. Hard to find in such high grade. $ 700 Only 4847 struck and probably all of these were placed into circulation during the difficult economic times of 1930s Britain.

1141 George V (1910-1936). Silver ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Wreath ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Crown, 1934๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 28.16g.๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Bare head left. Rev. Date over large crown, emblematic wreath surrounding (ESC 374; S 4036). A few light cuts from bag-marking, other light hairline scratches in hair and tone mark, otherwise almost extremely fine. The rarest date with only 932 struck. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ $ 3,000


1142 George V (1910-1936). Coronation Proof Set, 1911, consisting of 12 coins. Gold Five Pounds, Two Pounds, Sovereign and Half-Sovereign. Silver Halfcrown, Florin, Shilling, Sixpence and โ€˜Maundy Setโ€™ of Fourpence, Threepence, Twopence and Penny, with original red presentation case (S PS11). All in PCGS holders graded : Five Pounds PR62 Two Pounds PR62 Sovereign PR64 Half-Sovereign PR63 Halfcrown PR65 Florin PR65 Shilling PR65 Sixpence PR65 Maundy Fourpence PL66 Maundy Threepence PL64 Maundy Twopence PL64 Maundy Penny PL64. $ 12,000


GREECE

1143 Ionian Islands. Silver Lepton, 1821. Winged lion above date. Rev. Seated Britannia. One year type (KM 30). In NGC holder graded VF20 Brown. Rare. $ 1,000 GUATEMALA

1144 Central American Republic (Guatemala). Silver 8-Reales, 1824-NG-M, Nueva Guatemala, 26.88g. Radiant sun face over row of volcanos. Rev. Tree on foliate ground, value to either side (WR 11; Eliz 84; KM 4). In NGC holder graded MS62 โ€œWings Approvedโ€, fine crisp strike, the devices lustrous with fields reflective to prooflike, pleasing smoky tone of medium depth with the colors tending to gold, coppers and greens. $ 2,500 ex Millennia Collection, Goldbergโ€™s auction, May 2008, lot 1060 The coins of the Central American Republic show the Ceiba tree. This is no accident. The Ceiba tree appears in the New World from Mexico to South America and can reach a height of over 200 feet. It was a very important symbol in Mayan culture where the concept of a central world tree is often depicted as a Ceiba tree which connected the Underworld, the skies and the central realm.

1145

1146

1145 Central American Republic (Guatemala). Silver 8-Reales, 1826-NG M. Radiant sunface over row of five volcano peaks. Rev. Tree divides denomination (Eliz 86; KM 4). In NGC holder graded AU50, deeply toned with a trace of underlying lustre. $ 400 1146 Central American Republic (Guatemala). Silver 8-Reales, 1847/6 NG A. Radiant sunface over row of five volcano peaks. Rev. Tree divides denomination (Eliz 107; KM 4). In NGC holder graded AU55, toned. $ 400


1147

1148

1147 Bronze Centavo, 1881, struck o๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ver Centavo dated 1871, 5.10g (KM 202.2). ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Traces of lacquer, otherwise brilliant uncirculated, host coin date 1871 clearly visible on the reverse. $ 100 1148 Plantation Token. Copper-Nickel 2-(Reales), 1854. By Furrer Hastedt & Co. Sun above three mountains, date below. Rev. Value. Small edge knock at 5 oโ€™clock on the reverse, otherwise as struck. Scarce in this condition. $ 100 Furrer Hastedt & Co. is the oldest know โ€œFarm Tokenโ€ (dated 1854) and was minted in denominations of ยฝ, 1 and 2. Although reputed to be the year of minting, the date on it could also be the date of commencement of operations of the company or foundation, because in those years they were just beginning to develop coffee growing in the country.

1149 Tokens (3). Ferrocarril Urbano de Guatemala Copper-Nickel 6-Centavos, Jacinto Estrada de Guatemala $5 and Jose Gonzalez de Guatemala $100, both undated (c.1889-1897), from Californian die-maker L. H. Moise. All brilliant uncirculated. (3) $ 100 HONDURAS

1150 Silver 10-Centavos, 1871, 2.16g (KM 35). Good very fine, an attractive light grey-blue tone. A scarce one-year type. $ 60 HONG KONG

1151 Victoria. Silver Dollar, 1868 (Pridmore 3; Dav 245; KM 10). In NGC holder graded AU55, trace of original mint lustre. $ 1,000


HUNGARY

1152

1153

1152 Wladislaw I of Jagello (1440-1444). Goldgulden, undated. Quartered arms. Rev. St Ladislas (Fr 13; Rethy 140). Graded MS62 by NGC, with tag (not in holder). $ 1,000 1153 Matthias Corvinus (1458-1490). Goldgulden, undated. Quartered arms. Rev. St Ladislas standing (Fr 20; Rethy 204B). In NGC holder graded MS61. $ 1,000

INDIA KUSHAN EMPIRE

1154 Kushano-Sasanian. Hormizd I (c. AD 265-295). Gold Dinar, 7.8g. Kabul. King, nimbate, standing facing, head left, sacrificing over altar and holding trident, flame at shoulder, filleted trident in left field, tamgha in right field, pellet above swastika between legs. Rev. Ithyphallic Siva standing facing, holding garland and trident, the bull Nandi standing left behind (Carter 26; Cribb 3; MK 707; NAP 1018). Extremely fine, well struck on both sides. Very scarce in such high grade. $ 2,500

1155 Kanishka I (c. AD 127-152). Gold Dinar, 7.94g. Caped and crowned Kanishka standing facing, head left, holding ankus over a small altar left, and sceptre right, รžAONANOรžAO KA-NHรžKI KOรžANO. Rev. Orlagno standing holding lance and sword, tamgha in field (Gรถbl MK 63/10, these dies). Good extremely fine with excellent detail. $ 6,000


1156 Kanishka I (c. AD 127-152). Gold Dinar, 7.97g. Caped and crowned Kanishka standing facing, head left, holding ankus over a small altar left, and sceptre right, รžAONANOรžAO KA-NHรžKI KOรžANO. Rev. Miiro (Mithra), nimbate, standing with left hand on sword and right hand raised, tamgha in field, MIIPO (Gรถbl MK 31/3, these dies). Extremely fine with superb detail. $ 2,000

1157 Huvishka (c. AD 152-192). Gold Dinar, 7.99g. Nimbate and diademed half-length bust of Huvishka left on clouds, holding mace-sceptre, his other hand on the hilt of his sword. Rev. Nimbate figure of Siva standing left, pouring water from a flask, the drops falling to the left of the tamgha in the field, and holding a vajra (thunderbolt), trident, and a he-goat by a tether, the goat, possibly a reference to Daksha, who forbade his daughter to marry Siva, stands on its back legs (MK 308; cf Donum-Burns 276-8). Interesting types with generally sharp details, extremely fine. $ 2,500

1158

1159

1160

1158 Vasudeva I (c. AD 160-240). Gold Dinar, 7.87g. The king standing left, holding trident and sacrificing at altar, trident standard behind. Rev. Siva standing, facing, holding trident and wreath, the bull Nandi standing left behind, trident tamgha upper left field (Gรถbl, Kushan, 509). Extremely fine. $ 1,000 1159 Vasudeva I (c. AD 160-240). Gold Dinar, 8.03g. The king standing left, holding trident and sacrificing at altar, trident standard behind. Rev. Siva standing, facing, holding trident and wreath, Nandi the bull standing left behind, trident tamgha in upper left field (Gรถbl, Kushan, 509). Extremely fine. $ 1,000 1160 Vasudeva II (c. AD 290-310). Gold Stater, 7.9g. King standing left, sacrificing over altar and holding standard, filleted trident in left field, officina letter in right field beneath arm, control between feet. Rev. Goddess Ardoxsho seated facing, holding filleted investiture garland and cornucopiae, tamgha in upper left field (Gรถbl 574). Superb mint state. $ 1,000

1161 Vasudeva II (c. AD 290-310). Gold ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Dinar, 7.4g. King, nimbate, standing facing, head left, sacrificing over altar and holding trident, flame at shoulder, filleted trident in left field, tamgha in right field, swastika between legs, annulets, pellets and symbols around. Rev. Ithyphallic Siva standing facing, holding garland and trident, the bull Nandi behind with annulet on rump, standing left, tamgha in upper left field, triple pellets below Nandiโ€™s head (MK 697). Extremely fine. $ 700


SULTANATES

1162 Sultans of Dehli. Firuz Shah Tughluq (AH 752-790 / 1351-1388 AD). Gold Tanka, no mint, undated, 10.85g. Citing al-Hakim II (G&G D460). Fine. Rare. $ 775 During his reign, Firuz Shah cited three caliphs on his coinage, al-Muโ€™tasid, al-Mutawakkil and al-Hakim II, but this is the only type that cites al-Hakim II.

1163 Sultans of Bengal. Nasir al-Din Nusrat (AH 925-938 / 1519-1531 AD). Gold Tanka, Arsah, 929h(?), 10.62g (G&G B790). Compact flan, extremely fine. Rare. $ 2,600 Arsah meaning โ€œdistrictโ€ was probably a mint operating in East Bengal.

1164 Sultans of Madura. Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad Damghan (AH 740/41-745 / 1340-1344 AD). Gold Tanka, Daulatabad, 741h, 11.63g (G&G MD12). Flan flaw at edge and in centre where there is a hole, perhaps ex-mount, otherwise about extremely fine. Extremely rare. $ 6,500 Damghanโ€™s gold is extremely rare. The mint name here is puzzling and presumably refers to Madura itself rather than the Daulatabad of the Deccan. Although the famous traveller, Ibn Batutah, was in Madura around this time for while, very little is know about the history of this short-lived Sultanate.


1165 Sultans of Madura. Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad Damghan (AH 740/41-745 / 1340-1344 AD). Gold ๏พ‚๏ฝฝ-Dinar(?), no mint, 744h, 5.94g (G&G MD13, this coin). Extremely fine. Extremely rare, possibly the only specimen known. $ 7,750

1166

1167

1166 Bahmanis of the Deccan. Taj al-Din Firuz Shah (AH 800-825 / 1397-1422 AD). Gold Tanka, no mint, 808h, 10.98g (G&G BH61, this date not listed). Fine. Extremely rare. $ 1,800 1167 Bahmanis of the Deccan. ็ชถ้€ฃla al-Din Ahmad Shah II (AH 838-862 / 1435-1457 AD). Gold Tanka, Hadrat Muhammadabad, 858h, 11.15g (G&G BH81). Weakly struck, good extremely fine. $ 600

1168

1169

1168 Bahmanis of the Deccan. Shams al-Din Muhammad Shah III (AH 867-887 / 1463-1482 AD). Gold Tanka, Hadrat Muhammadabad, 874h, 11.08g (G&G BH110, date not listed). Clear date, two shroff marks and a light scuff, otherwise about extremely fine. $ 1,200 1169 Bahmanis of the Deccan. Mahmud Shah (AH 887-924 / 1482-1518 AD). Gold Tanka, Hadrat Muhammadabad, 888h, 11.05g (G&G BH120). Legible date, part of mint visible, marks to edge, therefore very fine. $ 2,500 Coins of Mahmud Shah rarely have a legible date.

1170

1171

1170 Adil Shahs of Bijapur. Muhammad ็ชถ้€ฃdil Shah (AH 1037-1068 / 1627-1656 AD). Gold Fanam, undated, 0.36g (G&G BJ20A). Extremely fine. Rare. $ 120 1171 Adil Shahs of Bijapur. Muhammad ็ชถ้€ฃdil Shah (AH 1037-1068 / 1627-1656 AD). Gold Fanam, undated, 0.37g (G&G BJ20A). Good very fine. $ 95


1172

1173

1172 Qutb Shahs of Golkanda. Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah (AH 988-1020 / 1580-1611 AD). Gold Fanam, 0.37g (G&G Q8). The reverse well-centred, uncirculated. Rare. $ 180 The obverse legend on the Fanams of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah remains unclear: on some coins it looks like โ€œmuhammad quliโ€, on others like โ€œfakhr-i โ€˜aliโ€.

1173 Qutb Shahs of Golkanda. Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah (AH 988-1020 / 1580-1611 AD). Gold Fanam, 0.38g (G&G Q8). About extremely fine. Rare. $ 60

1174 Sultans of Gujarat. Shams al-Din Muzaffar II (AH 717-932 / 1511-1525 AD). Gold Tanka, Muhammadabad, 925h, 11.48g (G&G G233). Short of flan, the edges hammered, good very fine. $ 650

1175 Sultans of Gujarat. Shams al-Din Muzaffar II (AH 717-932 / 1511-1525 AD). Gold Tanka, Muhammadabad, 930h, 11.45g. Legends in double scalloped borders (G&G G233). Almost imperceptible scratch on the obverse, extremely fine. $ 900

1176 Sultans of Malwa. โ€˜Ala al-Din Mahmud Shah I (AH 839-873 / 1436-1469 AD). Gold Tanka, Hadrat Shadiababad, retrograde date 82P = 869h, 10.97g. Looped borders (G&G M23). Shroff marks, good very fine. Rare. $ 1,200

1177 Sultans of Malwa. Ghiyath Shah as heir apparent (AH 860-873 / 1456-1469 AD). Gold Tanka, Dar alMulk Shadiabad, 861h, 11.04g (G&G M50). Shroff marks, very fine. Very rare. $ 1,150 An important administrator in his fatherโ€™s court, Ghiyath was given the right to strike coins in his own name. 861h is the earliest date known for this issue.


PRINCELY STATES AND INDEPENDENT KINGDOMS

1178 Nawabs of Bengal. Gold Mohur, in the name of Shah โ€˜Alam II, 1176h, Year 4, Monghyr, 11.02g (see Stevens, The Coins of the Bengal Presidency, p.244). About extremely fine, slight toning and a couple of test marks on edge. Of the highest rarity. $ 7,750 In his book The Coins of the Bengal Presidency, Dr Paul Stevens relates that the Nawab of Bengal, Mir Kasim Ali Khan, moved his capital from Murshidabad to Monghyr in 1761. However, a dispute with the British led to the latter sending an army to Monghyr where they captured the fort in October 1763. Extremely rare Mohurs and Rupees are known with mintname Monghyr and dated AH 1176 Year 4. No other coins are known from this mint. AH 1176 finished on 11 July 1763, ie a few months before the British occupation. Hence these coins must have been issued by the Nawab.

1179 Cooch Behar. Raja Rajendra Narayan (SE 1833-1835 / 1911-1913 AD). Gold Nazarana Mohur, CB 402 (1912). Arms supported by lion and elephant. Rev. Text (SAC X M8, previously KM200). In PGCS holder graded MS64. Scarce. $ 7,500 1180 Mysore. Nayakas of Chitradurga, 16th to 18th Century. Gold Pagodas (7). With Devanagari character โ€œPraโ€ (Mitch, Karnatika-Andhra, 883-884). Generally extremely fine. (7) $ 130 BRITISH INDIA

1181 Madras Presidency. Gold Pagoda, undated (1808-1815), 2.96g. Pagoda with 10 stars, within buckled garter. Rev. Vishnu within legend (Pr 150; SAC 356). Extremely fine. $ 950


IRAN

1182 Fath โ€˜Ali Shah (1212-1259h / 1797-1834 AD). Gold ยฝ Toman, Kashan 1212h, 3.00g (KM -, unlisted mint for type; A 2858, RRR). Good extremely fine. Very rare. $ 725

1183 Fath โ€˜Ali Shah (1212-1259h / 1797-1834 AD). Gold Ziyat or Presentation Toman, Dar al-Saltinat Isfahan 1228h, 4.36g (cf KM 749.1 for date and mint; cf A 2864H for ref). Beautiful ornate calligraphy, extremely fine. Very rare. $ 2,000

1184 Fath โ€˜Ali Shah (1212-1259h / 1797-1834 AD). Gold Toman, Hujar Saโ€™d Erewan 1235h, 4.56g (KM 753.2; A 2865). Good extremely fine. Rare. $ 950 For a matching coin see Sunrise Collection, Heritage auction, New York, January 2013, lot 21892

1185 Fath โ€˜Ali Shah (1212-1259h / 1797-1834 AD). Gold Keshrarsetan, Dar al-Saltinet Isfahan 1248/1250h, 3.41g. Shah seated on throne with date 1248h. Rev. Mint and date 1250h in eight-pointed star (KM 765; cf A 2871, RRR). About extremely fine, no sign of mount. Extremely rare as such. $ 5,750

1186 Nasir al-din Shah (1264-1313h / 1848-1896 AD). Gold ยฝ-Toman, Dar al-Khilafat Tihran 1293h, 1.85g. Brilliant, good extremely fine. Very rare. $ 650


1187

1188

1187 Nasir al-din Shah (1264-1313h / 1848-1896 AD). Gold Toman, Dar al-Muรข€™minin Astarabad 1279h, 3.42g. Portrait of Shah facing left, wreath below. Rev. Mint and date within eight-pointed star (KM 861.1; A 2925). Extremely fine. Rare. $ 2,400 1188 Nasir al-din Shah (1264-1313h / 1848-1896 AD). Gold Toman, 1298h, 2.85g (KM 933). Extremely fine. Scarce date. $ 400

1189 Nasir al-Din Shah (1264-1313h / 1848-1896 AD). Gold 2-Tomans, Tehran 1295h, 5.67g. Struck to commemorate the discovery of gold in Khorason (KM 940). Good extremely fine. Extremely rare. $ 5,000

1190 Nasir al-Din Shah (1264-1313h / 1848-1896 AD). Gold 2-Tomans, 1297h, 5.73g (KM 942; F 60). Extremely fine, imperfect edge. $ 350

1191 Nasir al-din Shah (1264-1313h / 1848-1896 AD). Gold 10-Tomans, 1297h, 28.57g. First portrait type (KM 945; F 59). About extremely fine. Scarce. $ 5,000

1192 Muzaffar al-Din Shah (1313-1324h / 1896-1907 AD). Gold 1/5-Toman, no date (1319h), 0.60g (KM 991; F 72). Edge partly shaved, otherwise extremely fine. $ 300


1193 Muzaffar al-Din Shah (1313-1324h / 1896-1907 AD). Gold Toman, 1316h, 2.66g (KM 995; F 70). Extremely fine. $ 250

1194 Muzaffar al-Din Shah (1313-1324h / 1896-1907 AD). Gold Pattern 1000-Dinar, 1319h, Brussels mint, 7.25g (cf KM Pn29, unrecorded in gold). Scuffed surfaces, but extremely fine. Extremely rare. $ 5,000

1195 Muzaffar al-Din Shah (1313-1324h / 1896-1907 AD). Gold Pattern 2000-Dinar 1319h, Brussels mint, 14.16g (cf KM Pn30). Extremely fine. Extremely rare. $ 6,500

1196

1197

1196 Reza Shah (1344-1360h / 1925-1941 AD). Gold ยฝ-Pahlavi, 1312h, 4.07g (KM 1132). Extremely fine. Rare. $ 575 only 892 struck

1197 Reza Shah (1344-1360h / 1925-1941 AD). Gold Pahlavi, 1306h, 1.91g (KM 1114, date not listed; cf Linden collection, Baldwinโ€™s Islamic Coin Auction 26, lot 691, for a lower grade example). Good extremely fine. $ 400


1198

1199

1198 Reza Shah (1344-1360h / 1925-1941 AD). Gold 5-Pahlavi, 1305h, 9.52g. Lion type (KM 1113; F 88). About extremely fine, edge knock. $ 950 1199 Reza Shah (1344-1360h / 1925-1941 AD). Gold 5-Pahlavi, 1306h, 9.58g (KM 1116). About extremely fine. Rare. $ 1,200

1200

1201

1200 Reza Shah (1344-1360h / 1925-1941 AD). Gold Toman, 1305h, 2.87g (KM 1108; F 91). About uncirculated. $ 350 1201 Muhammad Reza Pahlavi Shah (SH 1320-1358 / 1941-1979 AD). Gold ยฝ-Pahlavi, SH1320, 4.11g (KM 1147). Good extremely fine. $ 800 ISLAMIC

1202 Umayyad / Arab-Byzantine. temp. al-Walid I b. โ€˜Abd al-Malik (86-96h). Gold Semissis, no date c.95h, Spain, 1.93g. Eight pointed star, โ€ฆFEITOZZLIINโ€ฆPAโ€ฆ around. Rev. Cippus with globe, on steps, FERITOZZLII[HI]PANAN around (A 123; cf Walker HSA9). Almost mint state. Very rare. $ 6,500

1203

1204

1205

1203 Umayyad. temp. โ€˜Abd al-Malik b. Marwan (65-86h). Gold Dinar, no mint (Damascus) 79h, 4.29g (A 125; Bern 42). Good extremely fine. $ 800 1204 Umayyad. temp. al-Walid I b. โ€˜Abd al-Malik (86-96h). Gold Dinar, no mint (Damascus) 89h, 4.25g (A 127; Bern 43). Uncirculated. $ 950 1205 Umayyad. temp. Sulayman b. โ€˜Abd al-Malik (96-99h) Gold Dinar, no mint (Damascus) 97h, 4.26g (A 130; Bern 43). Uncirculated. $ 800


1206

1207

1208

1206 Umayyad. temp. โ€˜Umar (99-101h). Gold Dinar, no mint (Damascus) 101h, 4.28g (A 132; Bern 43). Good extremely fine. $ 950 1207 Umayyad. temp. Hisham b. โ€˜Abd al-โ€˜Aziz (105-125h). Gold Dinar, no mint (Damascus) 106h, 4.26g (A 136; Bern 43). Extremely fine. $ 800 1208 Umayyad. temp. Hisham b. โ€˜Abd al-โ€˜Aziz (105-125h). Gold Dinar, no mint (Damascus) 124h, 4.26g (A 136; Bern 43). Good extremely fine. $ 800

1209

1210

1211

1209 Umayyad. temp. Marwan II b. Muhammad (127-132h). Gold Dinar, no mint (Damascus) 128h, 4.25g (A T140; Bern 43). Good extremely fine. Scarce. $ 1,300 1210 Abbasid Revolutionary. Anonymous. Silver Dirham, al-Rayy 129h, 2.62g (A 206.1). Very fine. Very rare. $ 3,250 1211 Abbasid. temp. al-Saffah (132-136h). Gold Dinar, no mint, 134h, 4.24g (A 210; Bern 51). Struck on broad flan, fine style, extremely fine. Rare. $ 650

1212

1213

1212 Abbasid. temp. al-Mansur b. Muhammad (136-158h). Gold Dinar, no mint, 143h, 4.24g (A 212; Bern 51). Good extremely fine. $ 500 1213 Abbasid. temp. al-Mansur b. Muhammad (136-158h). Gold Dinar, no mint, 153h, 4.26g (A 212; Bern 51). About uncirculated, a lovely coin with fine calligraphy and some residual lustre. $ 575

1214

1215

1214 Abbasid. temp. al-Mansur b. Muhammad (136-158h). Gold Dinar, no mint, 155h, 4.25g (A 212; Bern 51). Good extremely fine, a lovely coin with neat calligraphy. $ 575 1215 Abbasid. temp. al-Mahdi (158-169h). Gold Dinar, no mint, 163h, 4.27g (A 214; Bern 51). Brilliant uncirculated with original surfaces. $ 650


1216

1217

1218

1216 Abbasid. temp. al-Rashid (170-193h). Gold Dinar, no mint (Misr) 170h, 4.24g. Citing โ€˜Ali, Governor in Egypt (A 218.6; Bern 63). Extremely fine. $ 575 1217 Abbasid. temp. al-Rashid (170-193h). Gold Dinar, no mint (Misr) 173h, 4.24g. Citing Umar, Governor in Egypt (A 218.8; Bern 66). Extremely fine. $ 575 1218 Abbasid. al-Amin (193-198h). Gold Dinar, no mint (Madinat al-Salam), 195h, 4.24g. Rabi Allah in field, and al-Abbas (A 220.6; Bern 79). Good extremely fine. $ 575

1219

1220

1221

1219 Abbasid. al-Maโ€™mun (194-218h). Gold Dinar, no mint (Iraq), 198h, 4.22g (A 222.14A; Bern 51). Extremely fine. Scarce. $ 800 1220 Abbasid. al-Maโ€™mun (194-218h). Gold Dinar, no mint (Yemen), 203h, 3.77g. Citing Muhammad, governor of Yemen (A 1050.1; Bern 112). Clipped, otherwise extremely fine. Rare. $ 800 1221 Abbasid. al-Maโ€™mun (194-218h). Gold Dinar, Madinat al-Salam 214h, 4.22g. Reform type (A 222A.2; Bern 116Jh). Good very fine. Scarce. $ 575

1222 Abbasid. temp. al-Maโ€™mun (194-218h). Double Weight Silver Dirham, Madinat al-Salam 208h, 6.06g (Lowick 1458). Edge weakness, heavily cleaned, about very fine. Rare. $ 575 This is a curiously heavy Dirham for this series

1223

1224

1223 Abbasid. al-Muโ€™tasim (218-227h). Gold Dinar, Misr 225h, 4.19g (A 225; 151De). Extremely fine.

$ 500

1224 Abbasid. al-Muโ€™tazz (251-255h). Gold Dinar, Misr 253h, 4.14g (A 235.1; Bern 162De). Extremely fine. $ 500


1225

1226

1227

1225 Abbasid. al-Muhtadi (255-256h). Gold Dinar, al-Ahwaz 255h, 4.37g (A 237; Bern 165De). Usual crude strike, good very fine for issue. Rare. $ 950 1226 Abbasid. al-Muโ€™tadid (279-289h). Yemeni Coinage. Reduced Weight Gold Dinar, Sanโ€™aโ€™ 289h, 2.92g (A1056/241; Bern 211El). About uncirculated. $ 575 1227 Abbasid. al-Muqtadir (295-320h). Gold Dinar, Misr 296h, 4.16g (A245.1; Bern 237De). Light scratches, otherwise lustrous, about as struck. $ 500

1228

1229

1230

1228 Abbasid. al-Muqtadir (295-320h). Gold Dinar, Misr 308h, 4.26g. With heir Abuโ€™l-โ€˜Abbas (A 245.2; Bern 242De). Uncirculated. $ 575 1229 Abbasid. al-Muqtadir (295-320h). Gold Dinar, Madinat al-Salam 317h, 4.62g. With heir Abuโ€™l-โ€˜Abbas (A 245.2; Bern 242Jh). Brilliant uncirculated. Rare in such high grade. $ 800 1230 Abbasid. al-Qahir (320-322h). Gold Dinar, Sanโ€™aโ€™ 320h, 1.93g (A A1059; Bern 276El). Mint state.

1231

$ 950

1232

1231 Abbasid. al-Muttaqi (329-333h). Gold Dinar, Wasit 329h, 4.82g. Citing Abu al-Husayn Bajkam (A A258; Bern 309Jm). Good extremely fine. $ 950 1232 Abbasid. al-Muttaqi (329-333h). Gold Dinar, Madinat al-Salam 330h, 4.95g. With Hamdanid Amirs Sayf and Nasir al-Dawla (A 260; Bern 311Jh). Brilliant, virtually uncirculated. $ 800

1233

1234

1233 Spanish Umayyad. al-Hakam II (350-366h). Gold Dinar, al-Andalus 392h, 4.29g (A 348; Vives 568 var). Good extremely fine. $ 1,500 1234 Aghlabid. Ahmad (242-249h). Gold Dinar, no mint, 249h, 4.17g. Citing mint official Dadi (A 444; Bern 132). Very fine. $ 400


1235

1236

1235 Aghlabid. Muhammad II (250-261h). Gold Dinar, no mint, 259h, 4.17g (A 446; Bern 134). Extremely fine. $ 800 1236 Almoravid. Yusuf b. Tashufin (480-500h). Gold Dinar, Sijilmasa 481h, 4.04g (A 464.1). Nearly extremely fine. $ 800

1237 Almoravid. ็ชถ้€ฃli b. Yusuf (500-537h). Gold Dinar, Ishbiliya (Seville), 521h, 4.05g (A 466.1). Extremely fine. $ 1,500

1238 Ziyanid. Abu-็ชถ้€ฃbd Allah Muhammad IV (827-831h). Gold Dinar, Madinat Tilimsan, undated, 4.42g (A 518). A little weakly struck around edge, but good extremely fine. Very rare. $ 1,200

1239

1240

1241

1239 ็ชถ้€ฃlawi Sharifs (Fileyli). Ismail al-Samin (1082-1139h). Gold Bunduqi, Hadrat Fas 1090h, 3.36g (A 583). Fully rounded strike, good extremely fine. $ 500 1240 Tulunid. Khumarawayh b. Ahmad (270-282h). Gold Dinar, Misr 275h, 4.36g (A 664; Bern 193De). Extremely fine. $ 325 1241 Tulunid. Harun b. Khumarawayh (283-292h). Gold Dinar, Misr 288h, 4.07g (A 667; Bern 215De). Uncirculated. $ 400


1242

1243

1244

1242 Ikhshidid. Abuโ€™l-Qasim b. al-Ikhshid Unujur (334-349h). Gold Dinar, Misr 344h, 4.03g (A 676). Extremely fine. $ 325 1243 Fatimid. al-Zahir (411-427h). Gold Dinar, al-Mansuirya 423h, 4.13g (Nicol 1561; A 714.1). Good extremely fine. Rare. $ 800 1244 Fatimid. al-Mustansir (427-487h). Gold Dinar, Misr 440h, 4.20g. First year of type (Nicol 2121; A 719.2). Tiny edge cut at 10 oโ€™clock on the obverse, otherwise brilliant uncirculated. $ 500

1245

1246

1247

1245 Fatimid. al-Mustansir (427-487h). Gold Dinar, Tarablus 471h, 4.24g (Nicol 2017; A 719.2). Full round strike, good extremely fine. $ 650 1246 Fatimid. al-Amir (495-524h). Gold Dinar, Sur 516h, 4.29g (Nicol 2492; A 729). Extremely fine.

$ 575

1247 Fatimid. al-Hafiz (526-544h). Gold Dinar, Misr 536h 4.16g (Nicol 2627; A 735.3). Lustrous, good extremely fine. $ 750

1248

1249

1250

1248 Ayyubid of Egypt and Syria. al-Nasir Salah al-din Yusuf I (564-589h). Gold Dinar, al-Qahira 583h, 3.88g (Balog 43; A 785.2). Extremely fine. $ 575 1249 Ayyubid of Egypt and Syria. al-Kamil Muhammad I (615-635h). Gold Dinar, al-Qahira 627h, 4.49g (Balog 374; A 811.3). Lustrous, good extremely fine. $ 500 1250 Bahri Mamluk. al-Mansur Sayfal al-din Qalaโ€™un (678-689h). Gold Dinar, al-Qahira 68xh, 4.78g (A 893). Brilliant, good extremely fine. $ 650

1251 Bahri Mamluk. al-Nasir Muhammad (third reign, 709-741h). Gold Dinar, al-Qahira 741h, 5.97g (Balog 185; A 919). Extremely fine. $ 800


1252 Burji Mamluk. al-Zahir Sayf al-din Barquq (second reign, 792-801h). Gold Dinar, al-Qahira 7(9)4h, 12.16g (Balog 567; A 972). A heavy weight issue, good extremely fine. $ 1,200

1253 Ottoman Empire. Bayezid II (886-918h / 1481-1512 AD). Gold Sultani, Qustantiniya 886h, 3.48g (Pere 101). Good very fine. Rare. $ 1,200

1254

1255

1254 Ottoman Empire. Sulayman I (926-974h / 1520-1566 AD). Gold Sultani, Sidre Qapsi 926h, 3.44g (Pere 186-188). Extremely fine. $ 325 1255 Ottoman Empire. Sulayman I (926-974h / 1520-1566 AD). Gold Sultani, Misr 928h, 3.32g (Pere 182 var). Good very fine. Very rare. $ 950 date not found in Landon Thomas Collection, K็ซฏnker auction 231

1256

1257

1256 Ottoman Empire. Sulayman I (926-974h / 1520-1566 AD). Gold Sultani, Misr, 940h, 3.43g (Pere 182 var). About extremely fine. Very rare. $ 950 1257 Ottoman Empire. Selim II (974-982h / 1566-1574 AD). Gold Sultani, Baghdad 974h, 3.46g (Pere 229). Full well centred strike, good very fine. Rare. $ 650

1258 Ottoman Empire. Selim II (974-982h / 1566-1574 AD). Gold Sultani, Novabirda (Nova Brdo) 974h, 3.47g (Pere 240). Extremely fine. Very rare. $ 1,950


1259

1260

1259 Ottoman Empire. Murad III (982-1003h / 1574-1595 AD). Gold Sultani, Janja 982h, 3.49g (Pere 262). Extremely fine. $ 575 1260 Ottoman Empire. Mehmed III (1003-1012h / 1595-1603 AD). Gold Sultani, Halab 1003h, 3.52g (Pere 320). Good extremely fine. $ 250

1261

1262

1261 Ottoman Empire. Murad IV (1032-1049h / 1623-1640 AD). Gold Sultani, Misr 1032h, 3.39g. Extremely fine. $ 400 1262 Ottoman Empire. Ahmed III (1115-1143h / 1703-1730 AD). Gold 1ร‚ห-Altin, Misr 1115h, 3.35g (KM 75). Extremely fine. Rare. $ 950

1263 Ottoman Empire. Mahmud I (1143-1168h / 1730-1754 AD). Gold Sultani, Jazair 1168h, 3.41g (KM 20). Good very fine. Very rare. $ 1,200

1264

1265

1264 Ottoman Empire. Abd al-Hamid I (1187-1203h / 1774-1789 AD). Gold 1ร‚ห-Altin, Islambul 1187h, Year 15, 5.16g (cf KM 424). Pierced, as usual, extremely fine. $ 575 1265 Ottoman Empire. Abd al-Hamid I (1187-1203h / 1774-1789 AD). Gold 3-Altin, 1187h, Year 1, 9.71g (KM 434). Pierced, good very fine, toned. Scarce. $ 950


1266

1267

1268

1266 Ottoman Empire. Selim III (1203-1221h / 1789-1807 AD). French Occupation (Napoleon). Gold ร‚ห-Zeri Mahbub, Misr 1203h, Year 14, 1.28g (KM 151). Crude but good extremely fine. Very rare. $ 950 1267 Ottoman Empire. Mahmud II (1222-1253h / 1808-1839 AD). Gold Cedid Mahmudiye Qustantiniya 1223h, Year 29, 1.58g (KM 645). Brilliant, mint state. $ 250 1268 Ottoman Empire. Mahmud II (1222-1253h / 1808-1839 AD). Gold ร‚ห-Zeri Mahbub, Misr 1223h, Year 22, 0.87g (KM 195). Beautiful, richly toned, uncirculated. $ 200

1269

1270

1269 Ottoman Empire. Abdulaziz (1277-1293h / 1861-1876 AD). Gold 250-Kurush, Qustantiniya 1277, Year 8, 18.03g (KM 697). Slight weakness in centre, otherwise extremely fine. $ 800 1270 Ottoman Empire. Abdul Hamid II (1293-1327h / 1876-1909 AD). Gold 250-Kurush, Qustantiniya 1293h, Year 31, 18.00g. el-Ghazi type (KM 732). Light edge-marks, extremely fine. $ 800

1271 Ottoman Empire. Abdul Hamid II (1293-1327h / 1876-1909 AD). Gold 500-Kurush, Qustaniniya 1293h, Year 32, 36.04g. el-Ghazi type (KM 733). Brilliant, good extremely fine. $ 1,500

1272

1273

1272 Ottoman Empire. Muhammad V (1327-1336h / 1909-1918 AD). Gold 50-Kurush, Edirne 1327h, Year 2, 3.58g. Mint visit issue (KM 793). Good extremely fine. $ 800 1273 Ottoman Empire. Muhammad V (1327-1336h / 1909-1918 AD). Gold 100-Kurush, Edirne 1327h, Year 2, 7.19g. Mint visit issue (KM 794). Extremely fine. $ 1,200


1274

1275

1274 Ottoman Empire. Muhammad VI (1336-1341h / 1918-1923 AD). Gold 500-Kurush, Qustantinya 1336h, Year 2, 36.16g (KM 823). Good extremely fine. $ 2,400 1275 Abbasid (Third Period). al-Mustazhir billah (487-512h). Gold Dinar, Madinat al-Salam 491h, 3.30g (A B266). Slightly crimped, good very fine. Very rare. $ 3,250

1276

1277

1278

1276 Ilkhans. Baydu (694h). Gold Dinar, Madinat Tabriz 694h, 4.43g (A 2164). Lustrous, extremely fine. Scarce. $ 400 1277 Ilkhans. Uljaytu (703-716h). Gold Double or Heavy Dinar, Wasit 704h, 8.81g (A 2177). Good extremely fine. Rare. $ 950 1278 Ilkhans. Abu Saรข€™id (716-736h). Gold Double or Heavy Dinar, type F, al-Basra 724h, 8.42g (A 2208). About extremely fine. $ 650

1279 Ilkhans. Arpa Khan (736h). Gold Double or Heavy Dinar, Bazar 736h, 6.08g (A M2221). Extremely fine. Extremely rare. $ 5,000

1280 Jalayrid. temp. Hasan Buzurg (736-757h). Gold Double or Heavy Dinar, Baghdad 751h, 7.41g (A 2294). Broad flan, good very fine. Rare. $ 1,200


ITALY

Spectacular Cisapline Scudo

1281 Italian States. Cisalpine Republic. Silver Scudo of 6-Lire, Anno VIII (1800). Seated and standing figures representing France and the Cisalpine. Rev. Value and date within wreath (Dav 199; Cr 2; Pagani 8). In NGC holder graded MS67, beautiful deep, multi-hued blue and gold iridescent tone, combined with a magnificent strike, splendid eye appeal. A rare and historic coin, one of the finest known examples of this exotic, short-lived issue. $ 12,000 The Cisalpine Republic was established by Napoleon to control northern Italy. Although technically independent, it was effectively little more than a client state of France. Its goal was to unite all Italian speaking regions into one nation. This totally alienated Switzerland with its Italian speaking south. Fortunately for Switzerland, the Cisalpine Republic only lasted until 1802. ex Irving Goodman Collection, Superior auction, June 1996, lot 4456 ex The Millennia Collection, Goldbergรข€™s auction, May 2008, lot 714

1282 Italian States. Florence. Republic (1189-1531). Gold Florin, undated. St John standing. Rev. Lily (Fr 275). In NGC holder graded MS62, a charming, well struck and lustrous example. $ 1,500


1283 Italian States. Genoa. Silver Scudo Stretto, 1672. Cross with four stars in angles. Rev. Virgin and child on cloud (Dav 3901; KM 79). In NGC holder certified โ€œExtremely Fine, Details (Mount Removed)โ€. $ 200

1284 Italian States. Livorno. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Cosimo III Medici (1670-1723). Silver Pezza della Rosa, 1701๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 25.77g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Crowned arms of Medici. Rev. Rosebush (CNI 67; MIR 66/7; KM 15.3). Well struck with an attractive cabinet tone, extremely fine. Rare in such high grade. $ 1,000

1285 Italian States. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Livorno. Giovanni Gastone Medici (1723-1737). ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Silver Tollero, 1723, 27.12g. Armoured bust right, date below. Rev. Fortress of Livorno, crown above (CNI 1; KM 45). Milled on the edge of the silver plate through a rolling mill process, this piece shows a 12 oโ€™clock original flan fault, almost uncirculated with an attractive cabinet tone. Rare this nice. $ 4,500

1286 Italian States. Lucca. Elisa Bonaparte & Felix Baciocchi. Copper 3-Centesimi, 1806. Conjoined busts left. Rev. Value and date within circular legend (C 21; Pagani 260). In NGC holder graded AU50 Brown. $ 200


1287

1288

1287 Italian States. Milan. Francesco II Sforza Duca IX (1522-1535). Silver Semprevivo da 10-Soldi, undated (CNI V, pl.XIII, 9 (18)). In NGC holder graded VF30. $ 200 1288 Italian States. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Naples. Carlos III di Borbone (1734-1759). ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Gold 6-Ducati, 1755 DG-MM R, 8.81g. Bust right. Rev. Crowned shield and date, legends reads HISPAN INFANS (F 843; Mont 12; cf. KM C28). Some wear, mainly on the obverse, otherwise good very fine with an attractive red-golden tone. Scarce type with short reverse legend. $ 1,200

1289 Italian States. Naples. Ferdinand IV (first reign, 1759-1799). Gold 6-Ducati, 1767 DG-CC R, 8.85g. Bust right, Rev. Crowned shield and date (F 846; Mont 133; KM C75). Adjustment marks both sides, softly struck, extremely fine for issue. $ 700

1290 Italian States. Naples. Joseph Bonaparte (King of Naples, 1806-1808). Silver Piastra of 120-Grani, 1808. Head left. Rev. Crowned and supported arms (Dav 165; Pagani 43; KM 248). In ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ NGC holder graded AU58, toned. $ 1,500

1291 Italian States. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Parma. Robert I Duke of Parma (1854-1858). Silver 5-Lire 1858๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 25.00g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Busts ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ of Regent Marie-Louise and son Robert I left. Rev. Crowned arms (Gig 1; Mont 130; KM C36). Tiny marks on portraits, otherwise brilliant uncirculated with highly reflective fields, a choice piece. Rare in such high grade. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ $ 3,250


1292 Italian States. Sardinia. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Vittorio Emanuele I (1802-1821). Silver ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ 5-Lire, type II, 1821-L, Turin๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 24.70g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ. Head right, date below. Rev. Crowned spade-shaped shield of Savoy arms within laurel branches (Mont 29, R3; KM 115). Surface marks both sides, very fine and lightly toned. Extremely rare. $ 6,000

1293 Italian States. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Kingdom of Sicily. Constance & Peter III of Aragon (1282-1285). Gold Pierreale (Ducat), undated, Messina๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 4.3g. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ eagle standing left with wings displayed, head turned ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ to ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ right, legend in two ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ concentric circles. Rev. Arms of Aragon, annulet above, legend in two concentric circles (Spahr 6; MEC 14, 756; Fr 654). About uncirculated, sharply struck and well centreed. Rare. $ 4,000

1294 Italian States. Kingdom of Sicily. Carlo III (1720-1734). Gold Oncia, 1733, Palermo, 4.45g. Laureate head right. Rev Phoenix rising from flames, radiant sun above, date below (F 885; MIR 514/1). Light cabinet friction on wings of Phoenix and small scratches near 3 oโ€™clock on the reverse, otherwise uncirculated with original lustre. $ 1,200

1295 Italian States. Venice. Pietro Gradenigo (1289-1311). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1216; CNI II, 26). Boldly struck, choice about uncirculated. $ 1,750


1296 Italian States. Venice. Giovanni Soranzo (1312-1328). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1218; CNI III, 1). Extremely fine, well struck and lustrous. $ 2,000

1297

1298

1299

1297 Italian States. Venice. Francesco Dandolo (1329-1339). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1219; CNI III, 4). Weak area by Dogeโ€™s head, very fine. $ 450 1298 Italian States. Venice. Bartolomeo Gradenigo (1339-1342). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1220; CNI III, 10). Very fine. $ 575 1299 Italian States. Venice. Andrea Dandolo (1343-1354). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1221; CNI III, 15). In NGC holder graded MS63. $ 575

1300 Italian States. Venice. Andrea Dandolo (1343-1354). Gold Ducat, undated, 3.51g. ANDRโ€ขDANDVLO, nine stars (F 1221; Mont 93). Contemporary imitation of an Andrea Dandolo Gold Ducat, 3.52g. AZDR DAZDVLO, rotated Nโ€™s and inverted Sโ€™s in legends, ten stars. First extremely fine, the second good very fine. (2) $ 700

1301

1302

1303

1301 Italian States. Venice. Marin Faliero (1354-1355). Silver Soldino, undated. Doge left. Rev. Lion (CNI-III, 19). About very fine. $ 600 1302 Italian States. Venice. Giovanni Gradenigo (1355-1356). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St. Mark. Rev. Christ. (Fr 1223; CNI III, 23). Wavy flan, good very fine. $ 2,500 1303 Italian States. Venice. Giovanni Gradenigo (1355-1356). Contemporary imitation of a Gold Ducat, undated, 3.50g. IV GIARLADICO, eight stars (cf F 1223; cf Mont 105). Good very fine, attractive style. $ 700


1304

1305

1306

1304 Italian States. Venice. Lorenzo Celsi (1361-1365). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1225; CNI III, 29). Sharply struck, choice extremely fine. $ 700 1305 Italian States. Venice. Lorenzo Celsi (1361-1365). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1225; CNI III, 29). Wavy flan, very fine. $ 600 1306 Italian States. Venice. Marco Corner (1365-1368). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1226; CNI III, 31). Very fine. $ 500

1307

1308

1309

1307 Italian States. Venice. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Andrea Contarini (1368-1382). Gold ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Ducat, undated, 3.51g. ANDRโ€™9 TARENO, Doge kneeling before St Mark presenting banner. Rev. Christ standing facing within mandorla, nine stars (F 1227; Mont 123; Paolucci 1). A little wear on highest points otherwise well struck and extremely fine. Rare this nice. $ 350 1308 Italian States. Venice. Andrea Contanni (1368-1382). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1227; CNI IV, 5). Extremely fine. $ 650 1309 Italian States. Venice. Michele Morosini (1382). Silver Soldino, undated (CNI IV, 6). About extremely fine. $ 275

Rare Michele Morosini Ducat

1310 Italian States. Venice. Michele Morosini (1382). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1228; CNI IV, 8). Slight wave in flan, very fine. Rare type. $ 4,500


1311

1312

1311 Italian States. Venice. Antonio Venier (1382-1400). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1229; CNI IV, 13). Extremely fine. $ 650 1312 Italian States. Venice. Tomaso Mocenigo (1414-1423). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1231; CNI IV, 23). Extremely fine. $ 550

1313

1314

1315

1313 Italian States. Venice. Francesco Foscari (1423-1457). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1232; CNI IV, 28). About extremely fine. $ 450 1314 Italian States. Venice. Pasquale Malipiero (1457-1462). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1233; CNI V, 12). Good extremely fine. $ 750 1315 Italian States. Venice. Pasquale Malipiero (1457-1462). Gold Ducat, ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ undated๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1233; CNI V, 12). About very fine. $ 500

Very Rare Nicolo Trono Ducat

1316 Italian States. Venice. Nicolo Trono (1471-1474). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1235; CNI V, 21). Very fine. Very rare. $ 12,500


1317 Italian States. Venice. Nicolo Trono (1471-1474). Silver Trono o Lira da 20-Soldi, undated. Bust left. Rev. Seated lion (CNI V, 22). Very fine. $ 1,250

1318

1319

1318 Italian States. Venice. Nicolo Marcello (1473-1474). Silver Marcello, undated (CNI VI, 2). About very fine. $ 250 1319 Italian States. Venice. Pietro Mocenigo (1474-1476). Silver Marcello, undated (CNI VI, 7). Very fine.

$ 225

1320 Italian States. Venice. Andrea Vendramin (1476-1478). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1238; CNI VI, 13). Very fine. Scarce. $ 2,000

1321 Italian States. Venice. Giovanni Mocenigo (1478-1485). Silver Marcello, undated (CNI VI, 15). Fine.

$ 200

1322 Italian States. Venice. Giovanni Mocenigo (1478-1485). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1239; CNI VI, 20). Very fine, weak area due to striking. $ 1,500


1323

1324

1323 Italian States. Venice. Agostino Barbarigo (1486-1501). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1241; CNI VII, 15). About extremely fine. $ 800 1324 Italian States. Venice. Leonardo Loredano (1501-1521). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1242; CNI VIII, 10). Very fine. $ 575

1325

1326

1325 Italian States. Venice. Antonio Grimani (1521-1523). Silver Sedici Soldi, undated (CNI VIII, 15). Very fine. $ 375 1326 Italian States. Venice. Andrea Gritti (1523-1539). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1246; CNI IX, 9). Very fine. $ 575

1327 Italian States. Venice. Andrea Gritti (1523-1539). Gold Scudo dโ€™Oro, undated. Cross. Rev. Lion on shield (Fr 1448; CNI IX, 11-20). In NGC holder graded MS63. $ 1,500

1328

1329

1328 Italian States. Venice. Pietro Lando (1539-1545). Gold Ducat, undated, 3.47g. PET LANDOโ€ข, star in exergue. Rev. Legend ends DVCAT, twelve stars (F 1248; Mont 404, R2). Light old crease, otherwise good very fine, toned. Rare. $ 700 1329 Italian States. Venice. Pietro Lando (1539-1545). Gold Ducat, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1248; CNI X, 18). Very fine. $ 575


1330 Italian States. Venice. Marcantonio Trevisani (1553-1554). Gold Zecchino, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1251; CNI XII, 5). Minor hairline scratches in field, otherwise very fine. Scarce. $ 1,300

1331

1332

1331 Italian States. Venice. Francesco Venier (1554-1556). Gold Zecchino, undated, 3.40g. FRAN VENE. Rev. Legend ends DVC, eleven stars (F 1253; cf Mont 497, R). Water worn, about very fine, an interesting variety. $ 225 1332 Italian States. Venice. Gerolamo Priuli (1559-1567). Gold Zecchino, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1257; CNI XIII, 16). Lightly polished, very fine. $ 575

1333

1334

1335

1333 Italian States. Venice. Gerolamo Priuli (1559-1567). Gold Zecchino, undated, 3.47g. HIEโ€ขPRIOLโ€ข. Rev. Legend ends DVCAT, twelve stars (F 1257; cf Mont 556-557). Good fine. Scarce with full reverse legend. $ 225 1334 Italian States. Venice. Alvise Mocenigo I (1570-1577). Gold Zecchini, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1263; CNI XV, 3). Very fine. $ 425 1335 Italian States. Venice. Sebastiano Venier (1577-1578). Silver ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ 40-Soldi o 2-Lire, undated๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ (CNI XVI, 2). Very fine, scratches and cleaned. $ 475

1336 Italian States. Venice. Leonardo Dona (1605-1612). Gold Zecchino, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1278; CNI II, 2). Choice very fine. $ 1,100


1337

1338

1337 Italian States. Venice. Giovanni Bembo (1615-1618). Silver Mezzo Scudo della Croce of 70-Soldi, undated, Cross. Rev. Lion (CNI III, 15). Very fine. $ 400 1338 Italian States. Venice. Antonio Priuli (1618-1623). Gold Zecchini, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1291; CNI V, 5). About extremely fine. $ 750

1339 Italian States. Venice. Francesco Contarini (1623-1624). Gold Doppia dโ€™Oro, undated๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Cross. Rev. Lion in shield, dividing value (Fr 1458; CNI VI, 15). Very fine. $ 3,250

Choice Doppia dโ€™Oro

1340 Italian States. Venice. Giovanni Corner I (1625-1629). Gold Doppia dโ€™Oro, undated. Cross. Rev. Lion in shield, dividing value (Fr 1460; CNI VII, 14). Boldly struck example with much original mint lustre, choice about uncirculated. $ 7,000


1341 Italian States. Venice. Giovanni Corner I (1625-1629). Gold Doppia dโ€™Oro, ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ undated๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Cross. Rev. Lion in shield, dividing value (Fr 1460; CNI VII, 14). Flan cracked and repaired, very fine. $ 1,300

Rare Doppia dโ€™Oro

1342 Italian States. Venice. Nicolo Contanni (1630-1631). Gold Doppia dโ€™Oro, undated. Cross. Rev. Lion in shield, dividing value (Fr 1462; CNI IX, 1). Flan crack at the centre, lustrous, about uncirculated. Rare. $ 9,000

1343

1344

1345

1343 Italian States. Venice. Carlo Contarini (1655-1656). Gold Zecchino, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1321; CNI XII, 10). Mount mark removed at top, about very fine. $ 425 1344 Italian States. Venice. Bertucci Valier (1656-1658). Gold Zecchino, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1326; CNI XIII, 9). Lightly cleaned, lustrous, extremely fine. $ 600 1345 Italian States. Venice. Bertucci Valier (1656-1658). Gold Zecchino, undated, 3.47g. BERTโ€ขVALER, sixteen stars (F 1326; Mont 1747, R). Light crease, very fine. $ 375


1346

1347

1348

1346 Italian States. Venice. Domenico Contarini (1659-1674). Gold Zecchino, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1332; CNI XV, 4). Areas of striking weakness, lustrous, about extremely fine. $ 500 1347 Italian States. Venice. Domenico Contarini (1659-1675). Gold Zecchino, undated, 3.44g. DOMINโ€ขCONT. Rev. Legend ends DVCA, sixteen stars (F 1332; Mont 1818). Water worn, about very fine. $ 225 1348 Italian States. Venice. Alvise Contarini (1676-1684). Gold Zecchino, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1338; CNI XVII, 2). Lustrous, extremely fine. $ 475

1349

1350

1351

1349 Italian States. Venice. Alvise Contarini (1676-1684). Gold Zecchino, undated, 3.44g. ALOYSIVSโ€ขCONT, sixteen stars (F 1338; Mont 1979). Scratches both sides, light crease, good fine. $ 225 1350 Italian States. Venice. Marcantonio Giustinian (1684-1688). Gold Zecchino, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1341; CNI XVII, 18). About uncirculated, an attractive and lustrous example. $ 650 1351 Italian States. Venice. Francesco Morosini (1688-1694). Gold Zecchino, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1347; CNI XIX, 5). About uncirculated, an attractive and lustrous example. $ 900

1352

1353

1354

1352 Italian States. Venice. Alvise II Mocenigo (1722-1732). Gold Zecchino, undated, 3.47g. ALOY๏‚ซ MOCENI๏‚ซ, sixteen stars, variety with St Mark holding the cross (F 1358; Mont 2229). Good very fine. $ 225 1353 Italian States. Venice. Alvise II Mocenigo (1722-1732). Gold Zecchino, undated, 3.36g. ALOY๏‚ซ MOCENIโ€ข, sixteen stars, variety with St Mark standing on the side of the cross (F 1358; Mont 2230). Very fine with some original lustre remaining. $ 375 1354 Italian States. Venice. Alvise Pisani (1735-1741). Gold Zecchini, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1391; CNI XXVII, 11). Very fine. $ 475


1355

1356

1355 Italian States. Venice. Alvise Pisani (1735-1741). Gold Zecchino, undated, 3.39g. ALOY๏‚ซPISANI๏‚ซ, sixteen stars (F 1391; Mont 2560). Light crease, Doge weakly struck, graffito behind, otherwise good fine. $ 225 1356 Italian States. Venice. Pietro Grimani (1741-1752). Gold Zecchino, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1401; CNI XXVIII, 11). Extremely fine. $ 475

1357 Italian States. Venice. Alvise IV Mocenigo (1763-1778). Gold Zecchino, undated. Doge kneeling before St Mark. Rev. Christ (Fr 1421; CNI XXXII, 3). About uncirculated. $ 500

1358 Italian States. Venice. Alvise IV Mocenigo (1763-1778). Silver ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Lirazza da 30-Soldi, 1777 (CNI XLI, 11). About extremely fine. $ 150

1359 Italian States. Venice. Palmanova. 50-Centesimi, 1814. Value. Rev. Crown over date (C 2; Pagani 281). In NGC holder graded MS62, toned and lustrous. Rare type in high grade. $ 750 Billon necessity coin struck by Napoleonic forces while besieged by Austrian troops.

1360 Italian States. Venice. Silver Grosso (8) of Pietro Ziani (1205-1229), Iacopo Tiepolo (1229-1249), Ranieri Zeno (1253-1268), Lorenzo Tiepolo (1268-1275), Giovanni Dandolo (1280-1289), Piertro Gradenigo (1289-1311), Giovanni Soranzo (1312-1328), Andrea Contarini (1368-1382). Generally very fine, a very attractive group. (8) $ 1,750


1361 Papal States. Alessandro VIII (1689-1691). Silver Testone, dated in Roman numerals MDCXC-I (1690), 9.10g. Capped bust right. Rev. Two oxen right (Munt 16; KM 524). Removed from a mount and with traces of gilding on the obverse, otherwise extremely fine. $ 600

1362 Mantua under Austrian Administration. Ferdinand I of Habsburg-Lorraine (Emperor of Austria, King of Lombardy-Venetia, 1848). Silver 3-Kreuzer, or Carantani, 1848-GM, 1.59g. Laureate head right. Rev. Imperial eagle, value and date (Gig 7; KM 278). Good extremely fine with reflective fields, a little wear on highest points but an attractive specimen. Exceedingly rare in this condition. $ 4,500 Siege Coinage produced while the city of Mantua was under siege from its own Austrian garrison lead by General C Gorzkowski. Mintage of 631 pieces only and most of these immediately withdrawn.

1363 Republic (under Napolรฉon 1802-1805). ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Copper Pattern Soldo (or 10-Denari), 1804 III-M, Milan๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 10.39g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ. Crossed palm sprig and sword behind scales, bow above. Rev. Value within wreath (Pagani 462; Crippa 20; KM Pn17). Die flaw across reverse otherwise as struck with an attractive dark brown patina. Rare. $ 1,000

1364 Kingdom. Vittorio Emanuele II (1861-1878). Silver 5-Lire, 1861, Firenze๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 24.86g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Bare ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ head right. Rev. Crowned shield within wreath (Mont 161, R2; KM 7). Multiple small surface marks both sides, otherwise about very fine. Very rare one year type. $ 4,000 Struck on his Accession to the throne of unified Italy


1365 Kingdom. Vittorio Emanuele III (1900-1946). Bronze Centesimo, 1902-R, Rome๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 1.02g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Head ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ left. Rev. Value and date within wreath (Mont 413, R3; KM 35). Uncirculated with a dark brown patina. The scarcer date of the series, extremely rare in such an attractive condition. $ 3,250

1366 Kingdom. Vittorio Emanuele III (1900-1946). Bronze Centesimo, 1908-R, Rome๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 1.03g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Bust left. Rev. Allegory of Italy standing left on prow (Mont 422, R2; KM 40). Light cabinet friction on highest points, about uncirculated with remains of the original lustre. The scarcer date of the type and rare this nice. $ 1,000

1367 Kingdom. Vittorio Emanuele III (1900-1946). Silver ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ 20-Lire, 1927-R, Year VI (Dav 145; KM 69; Pagani 672). In NGC holder graded MS65 (erroneously described by NGC as 50L), a gorgeous example, sharply struck and beautifully toned in golden-orange and light blue iridescence, virtually flawless. $ 1,000 ex FDC Collection The coin collector King and author of the Corpus Nummorum Italicorum (CNI) certainly had a hand in this classic design on his own inter-war coinage. A nicely toned similarly graded specimen, with some light obverse bagging realized US$1200 at NYINC in 2014. Please note the NGC label on the coin in this lot shows the denomination as 50L, rather than 20L.

JAMAICA

1368 Victoria (1837-1901). Cupro-Nickel Farthing, Halfpenny and Penny, all dated 1887. Head left. Rev. Shield (KM 15-17). All mint state. The Penny rare. (3) $ 750


JAPAN

1369

1370

1369 Mutsuhito (1867-1912). Gold 5-Yen, Meiji 6 (1873), 8.32g (JNDA 01-3A; KM Y11a). Extremely fine. $ 950 1370 Mutsuhito (1867-1912). Gold 5-Yen, Meiji 31 (1898), 4.16g (JNDA 01-8; KM Y32). Extremely fine.

$ 700

1371 Mutsuhito (1867-1912). Gold 10-Yen, Meiji 4 (1871) (JNDA 01-6; KM Y12). In NGC holder graded MS62. $ 3,250

1372 Mutsuhito (1867-1912). Gold 10-Yen, Meiji 30 (1897), 8.31g (JNDA 01-7; KM Y33). Good very fine.

$ 450

1373 Yoshihito (1912-1926). Gold 5-Yen, Taisho 13 (1924), 4.15g (JNDA 01-8; KM Y39). Extremely fine.

$ 1,200

1374 Hirohito (1926-1989), Gold 5-Yen, Showa 5 (1930) (JNDA 01-8; KM Y51). In โ€œMinistry of Finance, Japanโ€ holder, some surface marks, good extremely fine. Very rare. $ 20,000


Beautiful Japanese 20-Yen

1375 Hirohito (1926-1989), Gold 20-Yen, Showa 7 (1932) (JNDA 01-6; KM 52). In โ€œMinistry of Finance, Japanโ€ holder, about uncirculated. $ 30,000

1376 Occupation Coinage. Sen, NE2604 (1944). (KM YA66). In PCGS holder graded MS63. Very scarce. $ 500

1377 Occupation Coinage. 10-Sen, NE2604 (1944). (KM Y66). In PCGS holder graded MS63. Very scarce. $ 500


KOREA

1378 Yi Hyong (1864-1897). Silver Warn, Year 497 (1888), 26.87g. Dragon. Rev. Denomination within floral wreath (KM 1103). Good very fine, trace of mount and repair at 12 oรข€™clock and corresponding position on the reverse. Rare. $ 6,500

1379 Yi Hyong (1864-1897). Silver Whan, Year 502 (1893), 26.87g. Dragon. Rev. Denomination in wreath (KM 1115). Very fine, lightly brushed and possibly ex-mount. Rare. $ 2,500

1380 Japanese Protectorate. Kuang Mu. Gold 10-Won, Year 10 (1906), 8.24g (F 2; KM 1130). Some marks, about extremely fine. $ 18,000

1381 Japanese Protectorate. Silver 20-Chon, Year 9 (1905), 5.38g. Dragon. Rev. Denomination in wreath (KM 1128). Very fine. $ 70


LITHUANIA

1382 Silver Pattern 2-Litai, 1938. National arms. Rev. President Antanas Sme tona left. Plain edge (KM Pn10). In NGC holder graded PR62, toned. Rare. $ 1,200

MAURITIUS

1383 Isle de France et Bonaparte. Silver 10-Livres, 1810. Crowned eagle. Rev. DIX LIVRES within wreath, date below (Dav 37; VG 2290; KM 1). In NGC holder certified โ€œFine, Details (Surface Hairlines)โ€, typical weak strike on the reverse, toned. Scarce one year type. $ 750 This Napoleonic type was struck in Mauritius, by the French, with silver captured from the Dutch. Most of the issue was melted by the British after they captured the island later the same year.

MEXICO

Choice Mint State Pillar 8-Reales of 1741

1384 Philip V (1700-1746). Pillar Coinage. Silver 8-Reales, 1741-Mo MF (Eliz 18; KM 103). In NGC holder graded MS63 โ€œWings Approvedโ€, excellent full, even strike, light gray tone with traces of vivid colouring, choice original surfaces with flashy original mint lustre beneath the tone. Scarce this nice. $ 2,000


1385 Ferdinand VII (1808, 1813-1833). Silver 8-Reales, 1808-Mo TH. Armored bust right. Rev. Crowned arms (Eliz 135; KM 110). In NGC holder graded MS61 โ€œWings Approvedโ€, deep iridescent toning with an abundance of mint brilliance. $ 400

1386 Ferdinand VII (1808, 1813-1833). Silver 8-Reales, 1809-Mo TH. Armored laureate bust right. Rev. Crowned arms (Eliz 137; KM 110). In NGC holder graded AU55, toned. $ 200

1387 Ferdinand VII (1808, 1813-1833). Silver 8-Reales, 1821-RG, Zacatecas (Eliz MX97; KM 111.5). In NGC holder graded MS62 โ€œWings Approvedโ€, sharply struck with prooflike reflective fields and brilliant mint lustre. $ 400

1388 Augustin I Iturbide (1822-1823). Silver 8-Reales, 1822-Mo JM. Large bare head of General Augustine Iturbide right. Rev. Crowned eagle atop cactus (Eliz 166; KM 309). In NGC holder graded AU58 โ€œWings Approvedโ€, sharply struck with attractive toning. $ 500


1389 Augustin I Iturbide (1822-1823). Silver 8-Reales, 1822-Mo JM. Small bust facing right. Rev. Crowned spread winged eagle (Eliz 163; KM 304). In PCGS holder graded EF45 โ€œWings Approvedโ€, sharply struck with attractive original toning. $ 400

1390 Second Republic. Gold 2ยฝ-Pesos, 1873 Zs-H, Zacatecas, 4.23g. Eagle facing right. Rev. Value within open wreath (F 156; KM 411.6). Light wear, about extremely fine. $ 275

1391 Revolutionary Coinage. Guerrero โ€“ Emiliano Zapata. โ€œGold with Silverโ€ 2-Pesos, 1915-Gro, 26.69g. National arms. Rev. Radiant sun face above mountains (FG 7844; GB 220; KM 644). Good very fine. $ 125

1392 Benito Juarez (President of Mexico 1858-1864). ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ General Saragoza Silver Medal, 1862, 28mm. Head ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ of General Saragoza โ€œConqueror of the Frenchโ€ left. Rev. MAYO 5 1862 in three lines. Toned, ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ extremely fine. Scarce. $ 150


NETHERLANDS

1393 Kingdom of the Netherlands. Willem I (1815-1840). Gold Pattern 5-Cents, 1818 (Sch 314a; KM Pn25). In PCGS holder graded SP62. Very rare. $ 4,000 ex King Farouk Collection, The Palace Collections of Egypt, Sothebyโ€™s, Cairo, 24 February to 6 March 1954, lot 932 (part)

1394 Kingdom of the Netherlands. Willem I (1815-1840). Silver ยฝ-Gulden, 1819, Utrecht, 5.37g (Sch 280; KM 54). Fields polished, small corrosion spots, otherwise good very fine. $ 750

1395 Kingdom of the Netherlands. Willem I (1815-1840). Silver Gulden, 1819, Utrecht, 10.75g (Sch 259; KM 55). About extremely fine. $ 2,500

1396 Kingdom of the Netherlands. Willem I (1815-1840). Proof Silver Gulden, 1840, 9.98g (Sch 278; KM 65). Lacquered, light marks and scuffs, otherwise good extremely fine with much lustre. Rare. $ 1,200

1397 Kingdom of the Netherlands. Willem I (1815-1840). Silver Proof 2ยฝ-Gulden, 1840, 24.98g (Sch 257; D 234; KM 67). Mint state proof with attractive tone. $ 1,200


1398 Kingdom of the Netherlands. Willem I (1815-1840). Gold Ducat, 1822, 3.47g (Sch 209; F 352; KM 50.1). Uneven surface on reverse, otherwise extremely fine with lustre. $ 1,300

1399 Kingdom of the Netherlands. Willem I (1815-1840). Gold 10-Gulden, 1824, Utrecht, 6.72g (Sch 179; F 327; KM 56). About extremely fine. $ 975

1400 Kingdom of the Netherlands. Willem I (1815-1840). Gold 10-Gulden, 1825, Utrecht, 6.70g (Sch 180; F 327; KM 56). Extremely fine. $ 1,400

1401 Kingdom of the Netherlands. Willem I (1815-1840). Gold 10-Gulden, 1826, Brussels, 6.72g (Sch 192; F 329; KM 56). A few scratches on head, good very fine. Rare. $ 6,500


1402 Kingdom of the Netherlands. Willem I (1815-1840). Gold 10-Gulden, 1827, Brussels, 6.72g (Sch 193; F 329; KM 56). Extremely fine. $ 3,000

1403 Kingdom of the Netherlands. Willem I (1815-1840). Gold 10-Gulden, 1829, Brussels, 6.70g (Sch 195; F 329; KM 56). Extremely fine. Very rare. $ 7,000

1404 Kingdom of the Netherlands. Willem I (1815-1840). Gold 10-Gulden, 1830/20, Utrecht, 6.73g (Sch 183; F 327; KM 56). Extremely fine. A rare overdate. $ 3,500

1405

1406

1405 Kingdom of the Netherlands. Wilhelmina (1890-1948). Silver Gulden, 1906, 10.00g (Sch 808; KM 122.2). Extremely fine, with lustre. $ 750 1406 Kingdom of the Netherlands. Wilhelmina (1890-1948). Silver Proof 2ร‚ห-Gulden, 1898, 25.00g (Sch 782A; KM 123). A few light scratches, otherwise mint state proof. $ 850


NICARAGUA

1407

1408

1407 Copper Essai Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 4.27g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Flagged ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ arms. Rev. ESSAI DE MONNAIE 1892. Plain thin edge (KM E1). Reverse slightly double struck and a couple of dark spots, brilliant uncirculated with lustrous red-brown original tone. Scarce. $ 300 1408 Copper Pattern Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 4.16g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Flagged ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ arms. Rev. 1 CENTAVO 1892 within wreath. Plain thin edge (KM Pn5). Almost as struck with lustrous original red tone. Rare. $ 450

1409 Copper Piedfort Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 6.08g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Flagged ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ arms. Rev. 1 CENTAVO 1892 within wreath. Plain thick edge (KM P2). Light cabinet friction on highest points, otherwise as struck with an attractive tone and lustrous obverse. Very rare. $ 700

1410

1411

1410 Aluminium Pattern Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 1.25g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Flagged ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ arms. Rev. UN CENTAVO 1892. Plain thin edge (KM Pn9). A number of small scratches on the reverse and rim, uncirculated with most of its original lustre. Scarce. $ 300 1411 Aluminium Piedfort Centavo, 1892๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ , 1.88g๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ . Flagged ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ arms. Rev. UN CENTAVO 1892. Plain thick edge (KM P6). A number of small scratches on the reverse and rim, uncirculated with most of its original lustre. Scarce. $ 300 PARAGUAY

1412 Copper 4-Centesimos, 1870, Heaton mint (Birmingham), 19.98g. Radiant star within wreath. Rev. Value within circle and wreath, date below (KM 4.1). Uncirculated with a deep red-brown tone and remants of original lustre. $ 100


PERU

1413 Ferdinand VI (1746-1759). Silver 8-Reales, 1758-JM, Lima. Crowned coat of arms. Rev. Crowned globes dividing crowned pillars (Eliz 9; KM 55.1). In NGC holder graded MS62, sharply struck example, deeply toned with original mint lustre. $ 1,500 ex The Agora Collection

1414 Republic Provisional Coinage. Copper ยผ-Real, 1822, Lima mint (KM 135). Light vertical scratches on the obverse, almost uncirculated and attractively toned. Rare this nice. $ 100

1415 North Peru. Silver 8-Reales, 1837-M, Lima. Liberty standing holding shield and pole. Rev. Coat of arms (KM 155). ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ In NGC holder graded AU55๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ โ€œWings Approvedโ€, s๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ parkling lustre beneath a maroon tone. $ 200

1416 South Peru. Silver 8-Reales, 1838-BA, Cuzco. Radiant sunface, stars above. Rev. Inca castle, live volcano, ship in harbor and cornucopia, all within wreath (Eliz 182; KM 170.4). In NGC holder graded EF40, toned. $ 200


PHILIPPINES

1417 Spanish Colony. Isabel II (1833-1868). Gold Peso, 1865, 1.66g. Laureate head left. Rev. Crowned arms within pillars dividing value (F 3; Calicรณ 147; KM 142). Some wear mainly on obverse, about very fine / good very fine. $ 95 POLAND

1418 Danzig. John Casimir (1649-1668). Gold Ducat, 1660-DL. Crowned bust right. Rev. Lions support city arms, wreath above, D-L below (Fr 24; HCz 2173; KM 41.2). In PCGS holder graded AU58 (population two, one finer in 62). $ 4,000

1419 Stanislas August (1764-1795). Gold Ducat, 1779-EB. Head right. Rev. Legend in tablet (Fr 102; HCz 3219; KM 195). In PCGS holder certified โ€œGenuine, About Uncirculated, Details (Damage)โ€. $ 2,000

1420 Stanislas August (1764-1795). Gold Ducat, 1791-EB. Head right. Rev. Legend in tablet (Fr 104; HCz 3328; KM 196). Graded AU58 by NGC, with tag (not in holder), this the only example graded by NGC. $ 1,500


1421 Revolutionary Coinage (1830-1831). Gold Trade Ducat, 1831. Knight standing, Polish eagle. Rev. Legend in tablet (Bitkin, first edition, 1020; Fr 114; Hcz 3659; KM C125). In NGC holder graded MS61. Scarce one year type. $ 1,500

1422 Revolutionary Coinage (1830-1831). Gold Trade Ducat, 1831, 3.47g. Dutch type (Pazch 1059; Fr 114; KM C125). Light marks, otherwise extremely fine. Scarce one year type. $ 1,500

1423 5-Zlotych, 1932. Winged Victory right. Rev. Eagle (Dav 251; KM Y18). In NGC holder graded MS62, lustrous. Very rare date. $ 6,000


1424 Johann III, Sobieski (1629-1684-1696). The Capitulation of the Swedish and the Capture of the Haupt Fortress, at the mouth of the Vistula River, 1659, by the troops of Danzig, Poland and Brandenburg. Silver Medal, 72.5mm, 79.42g. By Johann Hรถhn. Aerial view of the Haupt Fortress with the river dividing around it, CAUSA DEO PLACUIT SED ET ARMA TUENTIA CAUSAM. Rev. Legend in seventeen lines above small shield of arms and supporters, Deo Opt. Max. auspice Rege conatibus fidelium civium coram adspirante iminente e propinquo exercitu Pol. sub felici ductu Lubomirsci herois in decus operis pariter et tutelam Hauptum ad divergia Vistulae in Neringa situm fama ac munitu celebre ingens in utramque partem momentum armis labore constantia Gedanensium pressum fatigatum subactum deditionem fecit die xxii. Decembris MDCLIX (H-Cz 2132, R3; D&S 580; Racz 143,

Wiฤ™cek 122). A superb cartographic medal, nearly extremely fine. Very rare.

$ 8,500

The Siege of Danzig took place between 1655 and 1660 during the Second Northern War and the Haupt Fortress had been captured by the Swedish in 1657. This medal celebrates its recapture 22 December 1659.

1425 Johann III, Sobieski (1629-1684-1696). The Eternal Peace Treaty, between Poland and Russia, 1686. Bronze Medal, 66mm. By Giovanni Battista Guglielmada. Crowned and enrobed bust of Sobieski right. Rev. Sobieski standing clasping hands with the Tsarevna Sophia Alexeevna, their feet on up-turned crescent moon (Turkey), PAX FVNDATA CVM MOSCHIS, in exergue DECENNALIA AVG (Sokolov 39; cf H-Cz 2523). A sharply struck medal, extremely fine with rich patination. Very rare. $ 7,000 This treaty confirmed the earlier Treaty of Andrusova, 1667, where Russia and Poland agreed control of separate parts of Ukraine and also not to enter into future treaties with the Turks. The pact was highly important in the Eastern European struggle against Turkish Tartars as, by signing it, Russia joined the anti-Turkish coalition of Poland, the Holy Roman Empire and Venice. An example with a silvered surface was sold in Baldwinโ€™s Auction 87, lot 1870, for ยฃ7440.


1426 Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (1640-1657-1705). The Siege of Ofen, 1686. Silver Medal, 22.03g. Unsigned. Imperial eagle below the wreathed letter L, flies above a cityscape, cannon firing and fires burning, CUM DEO TRIUNO ET - VICTRICIBUS ARMIS. Rev. legend in nine lines, BUDA A SOLYMANNO OCCUPATA A.1541 POST .ANN.145. A LEOPOLDO RECUPERATA a.MDCLXXXVI D.2.SEPT. Lettered edge, DVRCH GOTTES GNAD LEOPOLDS THAT VND KLVGEN RAHT (Mont. 984;

HTร‰ 459; Appel 9432). Good very fine. Very rare.

$ 1,600

1427 Alexander III of Russia (1845-1881-1894). The 200th Anniversary of the Siege of Vienna, 1883. White Metal Medal, 52.5mm. By M Kurnatowskiego. Laureate and armoured bust right. Rev. The Triumphal entry into Vienna, the King, on horseback (Horsky 4272; Julius 223). Extremely fine. Very rare. $ 800 The medal is also recorded in silver and copper. An example of the latter was offered in Baldwinโ€™s Auction 62, lot 1404.

PUERTO RICO

1428 Alfonso XIII (1886-1931). Silver Peso, 1895-PGV (Eliz 1; KM 24). In NGC holder graded EF45.

$ 600


Rร‰UNION

1429 Aluminum Mule Franc, 1948. Winged liberty head left (KM 7). In NGC holder graded MS62. Rare. $ 1,500

SERBIA

1430 Milan I (as Prince, 1868-1882). Silver Proof 5-Dinara, 1879, 24.99g. Head left. Rev. Value and date (KM 12). Impaired proof with light wear on a toned obverse, the reverse sharp, brilliant uncirculated with mirror-like fields. Rare. $ 3,500

SOUTH AFRICA

1431

1432

1431 Griquatown. Victoria (1837-1901). Bronze Penny, undated (1890). Young head left. Rev. Flying dove, GRIQUA/TOWN (Bruce X9; KM Pn6). In NGC holder graded PR63 Brown, attractive chocolate brown lustre. $ 1,000 1432 Cape of Good Hope. ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Victoria (1837-1901). Bronze Penny, ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ 1889. Short Horn. Young head left. Rev. Supported crest (Bruce X1; KM Pn1). ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ In NGC holder graded PR63 ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ Brown, lustrous with traces of mint red. $ 1,000


1433 Zuid Afrikaansche Republiek. President Thomas Franรงois Burgers (1872-1877). Gold Pond, 1874. Fine point bearded bust left, date below. Rev. Flag-draped oval arms, banner below, eagle above (F 1; Hern B1; KM 1.2). In PCGS holder certified โ€œXF Details, Mount Removedโ€, good very fine, a very nice example. A rare issue. $ 12,500 ex St Jamesโ€™s Auction 9, 18 June 2008, lot 860 ex St Jamesโ€™s Auction 16, 7 December 2010, lot 680

1434 Zuid Afrikaansche Republiek. President Paul Kruger (1883-1900). Gold ยฝ-Pond, 1893. Bust of Kruger left. Rev. Flag-draped oval arms, banner below, eagle above (F 3; Hern Z39; KM 9.2). In PCGS holder graded XF45, a number of small surface marks. A very rare date. $ 7,000 a key date for the Half-Ponds single shaft series


1435 Boer War Emergency Issue. Gold Veld Pond, 1902, 8.38g. Struck by hand at Pilgrims Rest, late 1902, by P J Kloppers acting Mint Master. ZAR monogram, date below. Rev. EEN POND in two lines (F 4; Hern Z54; KM 11). Usual flan irregularities, extremely fine for issue. Extremely rare. $ 11,000 ex Baldwinรข€™s Auction 57, 23 September 2008, lot 1184

1436

1437

1436 George V (1910-1936). Silver Shilling, 1928, 5.65g. Crowned bust left. Rev. Value and date (H S203; KM 17.2). A few light surface marks, almost uncirculated with a light tone and underlying lustre. Scarce. $ 750 1437 George V (1910-1936). Silver 2ร‚ห-Shillings, 1936, 14.14g. Crowned bust left. Rev. Shield dividing date, value below (H S287; KM 19.3). Lightly toned, good extremely fine, reverse prooflike with reflective fields. Rare in such a nice condition. $ 1,000

SPAIN

1438 Ferdinand and Isabella (1476-1516). Gold Double Excelente, Seville, 6.80g. Crowned busts facing. Rev. Arms on eagle (Cal 74). Very fine. Scarce. $ 2,500


1439 Ferdinand and Isabella (1476-1516). Gold Double Excelente, undated, Toledo. Crowned busts facing. Rev. Arms on eagle with T to the right of shield (Fr 130; Cayon-2946). In NGC holder graded EF45, sharply struck portraits on a full planchet. $ 2,000

1440 Joseph Napolรฉon Bonaparte (1808-1814). Silver 20-Reales, 1811-AI, Madrid. Head left. Rev. Crowned shield dividing date (Dav 308; KM 551.2). In NGC holder graded MS62, brilliant mint lustre. $ 1,000

1441 Joseph Napolรฉon Bonaparte (1808-1814). Silver 20-Reales, 1813 M-RN, Madrid, 26.94g. Head left. Rev. Crowned arms dividing value (Calicรณ 31; KM 551.2). Almost uncirculated with an attractive grey toning and underlying lustre. Rare this nice. $ 1,400 STRAITS SETTLEMENTS

1442 Victoria. Silver 50-Cents, 1889. (KM 13; Prid 16). In PCGS holder graded VF35, toned. Rarest date of the series. $ 3,000


SWEDEN

1443 Charles XII. Victory at Helsingborg. Silver Medal, 1710, 44mm. By PMH (Philipp Heinrich Muller). Bust right. Rev. Warrior holding sword and shield with military trophies (Forrer vol. V, p.202). Choice extremely fine, toned. $ 600 SWITZERLAND

1444 Confederation. Silver Franc, 1877 B, Bern, 5.00g. Standing Helvetia. Rev. Value and date within wreath (HMZ 2-1204; KM 24). Brilliant uncirculated with a dark brown-red tone and prooflike fields. Rare this nice. $ 750

1445 Gold 20-Francs, 1896-B. Crowned รข€œHelvetiaรข€? head left. Rev. Cross on shield (Fr 495; KM 31.5). In NGC holder graded MS-65 (population six, none finer at NGC). $ 1,000

1446 Gold 20-Francs, 1908-B (Fr 499; KM 35.1). In NGC holder graded MS65 (population three, one finer in 66). Scarce early date in superb condition $ 800


1447 Bern. Silver School Award Medal, 1787, 5.2g. 27mm. Crowned crest. Rev. Bear (MH 143). In NGC holder graded MS64, beautifully toned. $ 200 TUNISIA

1448 French Protectorate. Gold 25-Piastres, 1280h, 4.89g. Overstruck on a French 20-Francs, probably of Napoleon III, undertype legend partially visible (KM 148). Extremely fine. $ 675

1449 French Protectorate. Muhammad al-Sadiq Bey. Gold 25-Piastres, 1298h, 4.80g (KM 200). Good very fine, ex-mount. $ 125

1450 French Protectorate. Ali Bey. Gold 10-Francs, 1891A, Paris, 3.20g. Gold 20-Francs, 1891A Paris, 6.45g (F 13, 12; Lecompte 404, 443; KM 226, 227). Both about extremely fine, small edge knock at 6 oรข€™clock on second. (2) $ 250 TURKEY

1451 Republic. Gold 250-Kurush, 1927/1336h, Qustantiniya, 18.00g. Star and crescent type (KM 843; F 80). Extremely fine, possibly ex-mount, one light scratch to obverse. $ 250


VENEZUELA

1452 Guayana (Provincial Coinage). Copper ยฝ-Real, 1815. Castle. Rev. Lion of Castile (KM C41.2; Stohr P2). In NGC holder graded AU55 Brown, clear full date and nice surfaces. Rare this nice. $ 1,000 Necessity issue struck during the War of Independence.

WEST AFRICA

1453 Dahomey, West Africa (Benin). G L Gaiser, Hamburg Factory, Porto Novo. Copper Merchantโ€™s Token. G. L. GAISER . PORTO NOVO. Rev. HAMBURGER FACTOREI, 24mm (Sรถnnich Grossmann, Thorsten Krawinkel & Karl Schulz, Marken und Zeichen der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg, 2009, G 002.01.01). Small scratch on the obverse and a couple of dark spots, almost as struck with some original mint red. $ 100 The company, founded in 1859, opened its first African factory in 1869 and the Porto Novo factory in 1883, from which time this token probably dates.

YEMEN

1454 al-Mutawakkil Yahya b. Muhammad (1322-1367h / 1904-1948 AD). Gold Presentation 5-Lira (Riyal), 1344h, 40.69g (KM YF10; F 2). Extremely fine, possibly ex-mount. Very rare. $ 3,500


WORLD BANKNOTES CHINA

Rare Da Ming Bao Chao Kuan

1455 Empire. Ming Dynasty. Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang the โ€œTai Zuโ€. Da Ming Bao Chao 1 Kuan, undated (1375-1398). Denomination in the middle, equalling 1000 Chinese copper cash coins at the time, in the side columns the Chinese characters are written in a special style called โ€œZuan Shuโ€ and declare โ€œThe currency of the Great Ming Empire could be circulated all through the countryโ€, below is an announcement that this note has the equivalent value of copper coinage (silver coinage was still not common at that period of time in Ming Dynasty) and that any forging attempts would be sentenced to execution, and the reporter would be rewarded 250-Tael Silver and a part of the counterfeiterโ€™s property, around the inscription, the note was beautifully decorated with dragon, passionflower and cloud patterns; two vermilion seals have been stamped by the government to certify the authenticity. Rev. Smaller denomination together with another vermilion seal on the top (Pick AA10; S/M T36-20). In PMG holder graded AU53 Net, Tears Foreign Substance, a hint of a crease in the middle and couple paper flaws through the right part as made. An iconic piece with exceptional overall condition and impressive ink quality after suffering 600 years. $ 11,000 China was the first country that formed an efficient central government over a multi-state continent with one national law, one monetary system, one military policy, and one governor nominating examination designed by the court of the ruler. Therefore, scholars have been studying the early financial system and governmental credit effects of Imperial China for centuries. A fascinating phenomenon that attracted most attention is the fact that China was able to use paper money to replace metal coinage in medieval and early Renaissance times, when money exchanging was still such a major issue even between towns only couple miles away from each other in Europe. The Ming notes are much rarer than Qing notes due to the inflation and later wars, not many hoards have been discovered. According to the current owner of this note, the first hoard of Ming notes was found during the 1900s, right after the war against the Boxers, while the second hoard, from which this note originates, was found during the 1930s in an old temple in Beijing. A Norwegian missionary hand selected this note as the best specimen from that hoard and, after his death, the note passed to a British dealer and was later verified by the British Museum. This note has the best overall condition among all the pieces the cataloguers have ever seen.


1456 Empire. Board of Revenue. Chihli. 3-Taels, 1855 (Year 5). Vermillion stamp of โ€œChihliโ€. Rev. Regional, banker and personal inscriptions and seals, including โ€œXingtai Countyโ€, โ€œAnping Countyโ€, and plenty of signatures (Pick A10c; S/M H176-21). In PMG holder graded Very Fine 20 Net, Internal Holes, the only issues are the internal holes at the top part of the note which are commonly seen on these imperial currency, otherwise a lovely piece with splendid stamps and back inscriptions, a great presentation piece for any collector of Chinese imperial currency. A rare denomination in this already difficult series. $ 7,500

1457 Empire. Da Qing Bao Chao 2000-Cash, Year 9 (1859). Last date of the series. (Pick A4g). In PCGS holder graded VF30 Apparent, Stained, Edge Damage, one spindle hole on the top as is usual, edge damage on the left side, but the quality of the ink and seals is beautiful. $ 800 Due to the wars and rebellions, together with frequent floods along the Yellow River, the Qing government could not find enough silver for circulation and for expenses payments. As a solution they introduced the Da Qing Bao Chao series in Year 3 (1853). However, due to the terrible economic condition and limited confidence to the governmental financial plan, the new paper money was not widely accepted at the very beginning. Therefore, the notes devalued in daily transactions, whilst the the government, who issued these notes, had to accept the face value. Merchants started to purchase these notes in low prices and used them to pay taxes and governmental loans with face values, which caused problems for the central government. In Year 9 (1859), the government found no-one except themselves would accept the paper money; they stopped the project the same year.


1458 Empire. Imperial Bank of China. Shanghai. Tael, 1898. (Pick A46a; S/M C293-2a). In PMG holder graded Fine-12 Net, Splits, Rust, a major deep crease in the middle with some splits and a lot of Chinese ink inscriptions. $ 1,200 The Imperial currencies are always rare and highly sought after due to the sufficient circulation, and the Shanghai notes are even rarer since the highly developed economy caused even more circulation then other areas.

1459 Empire. Imperial Chinese Railways. 5-Dollars, 1899 (Pick A60; S/M S13-2). In PMG holder graded Choice Fine-15 Net, Repaired, Rust, Corners Missing, tape repairing on the reverse with some splits along the creases. Very historic and rarely seen in high grade. $ 1,300 These notes were issued by the Railway Bureau of Imperial China, and were circulated in the construction sites and towns along the railway. However, due to the war against the boxers and the railway being occupied by western forces, the circulation of these notes stopped.


1460 Empire. Hunan Government Bank. Tael (2), 1905, 1906 (Pick S1913(?), SUNL1a(?), appears to be unlisted). Both in PMG holders graded Fine-12 Net, Internal Damage, Annotations, and Choice F-15, one damaged with internal holes, the other with all characters legible on the reverse, both have usual ink annotations and red seals. Very rare provincial issues. (2) $ 1,500

1461 Empire. Ta-Ching Government Bank. Kaifeng. 10-Dollars, unissued remainder, undated (1906) (Pick A71a). In PCGS holder graded Fine-15, choice eye appeal for the grade, a problem-free circulated note and an outstanding example. $ 2,200 Originally printed as currency from the branch of Tientsin, but issued with red Kaifeng overprint. This is the highest denomination of the series and therefore important.


1462 Empire. Ta-Ching Government Bank. Uniface Reverse Proof 10-Dollars, 1909. Printed by American Bank Note Company, New York (Pick A78p; S/M T10-32). In PMG holder graded Gem UNC-66 EPQ, small inked number โ€œ#26-aโ€ at the centre of the reverse, otherwise a beautiful and flawless note with exceptional paper quality. A very rare reverse proof issue and unusual with serial numbers printed on it. $ 1,750

1463 Empire. Ta-Ching Government Bank. Uniface Reverse Proof 50-Dollars, 1909. Printed by American Bank Note Company, New York (Pick A78Ap; S/M T10-33). In PMG holder graded Gem UNC-66 EPQ, small inked number โ€œ#27-aโ€ at the centre of the reverse. A rare denomination as a reverse proof issue. $ 1,800

1464 Empire. Ta-Ching Government Bank. 10-Dollars, unissued remainder, undated (1910). Portrait of Prince Zai Feng (SCWPM 81A). In PCGS holder graded VF-35 Apparent, Minor Stains, a few handling marks and stains, the ink quality is still vivid with clear details of the dragon, the great wall and the clouds, a beautiful and historic piece. $ 8,500


1465 Empire. Ta-Ching Government Bank. Uniface Obverse and Reverse Proof 100-Dollars, undated (1910), blue. Portrait of Prince Zai Feng (SCWPM A82). In PCGS holders graded Choice New-63 Apparent, Mounting Stains on Back, and Choice About New-58 Apparent, Mounting Stains and Small Edge Tears, an impressive pair that has been handled with care, both with traces of having once been carefully joined then later separated, a fairly common feature for some of these specimens, the reverse was later cut to a smaller size and has a crease in the middle. (2) $ 9,500

1466 Empire. Ta-Ching Government Bank. Shansi. 2-Taels, unissued remainder, undated (1911). Vertical format. In PCGS holder graded About New-50, counterfoil attached at right with spindle holes as is usual, some stains on the counterfoil. A rarely seen and unlisted regional issue. $ 1,500


1467 Empire. Ningpo Commercial Bank Ltd. Shanghai. Specimen 5-Dollars, 1909. Partially printed specimen of this very rare note. Red seals in both Chinese and English (S/M S107). In PCGS holder graded Choice About New-55 Apparent, Minor Hinge Remnants on Back, the reverse with minor traces of mounting which could be removed with care, otherwise a crisp example with nice ink quality, some tiny handling flaws around the edges. $ 2,500 Due to the extreme scarcity of the full issues, most collectors turn to these specimen or remainders to enhance their collection. Makes a nice set with the 2-Dollar remainder offered in the following lot.

1468 Empire. Ningpo Commercial Bank Ltd. Shanghai. 2-Dollars, remainder, 1909. Partially printed remainder. Rev. Vertical purple cancellation seal in Chinese (S/M S107-2). In PCGS holder graded Choice About New-58 Apparent, Mounting Stains on Back, traces of mounting on the reverse which could be removed with care. $ 2,000 Due to the extreme scarcity of the full issues, these remainders or specimens are highly sought after by collectors of this currency. A perfect match with the 5-Dollar remainder offered in the previous lot.


1469 Empire. Russo-Asiatic Bank. Harbin. 50-Dollars, undated (1910) (Pick S465; S/M O5). In PMG holder graded Choice UNC-64 Net, Foreign Substance, paper quality is choice with no hint of any circulation but net graded was because the โ€œforeign substanceโ€ found on both sides, which would have been there when the note as issued and should not considered as a defect. A classic rarity of Chinese currency and one of the most splendid pieces available to collectors in todayโ€™s market. $ 13,000 The Russo-Asiatic Bank was originally founded in St Petersburg with its financial background being Russia and France. Like all other foreign banks, the Russo-Asiatic Bank entered China to represent the Russian interest since 1896, and got expanded the same year by financing the construction of China Eastern Railway, and earned financial support from China. Due to the political function of this bank, its existence was not considered necessary after WWI and the collapse of Imperial Russia, and in 1926 the bank was finally closed down after suffering a major financial loss of ยฃ5,000,000.

1470 Empire. Russo-Asiatic Bank. Harbin. 100-Dollars, undated (1910) (Pick S466; S/M O5). In PMG holder graded Choice AU-58 EPQ (only one example graded higher by PMG at 65 for the type), light traces of circulation around the four corners, otherwise a beautiful problem-free note showing all details of the original design. $ 8,500 As one of the most popular foreign bank issues in China, these Russo-Asiatic banknotes always attract extra attention due to the scarcity and dramatic history of the bank. A good partner for the 50-Dollar from the same bank in the previous lot.


1471 Republic. Bank of Communications. Specimen Dollar, 5-Dollars and 10-Dollars set, 1913. (Pick 110s, 111s, 111As). In PMG holders graded Choice UNC-64 EPQ, Printerรข€™s Stamp, Gem UNC-65 EPQ, and Gem UNC-65 EPQ respectively, all high grade examples with near perfect details and flawless paper, the 10-Dollars is the largest denomination of this series and has impressive ink quality with all colors as originally designed. A stunning presentation set of this rare 1913 series. (3) $ 3,500

1472 Republic. Bank of Communications. Harbin. Specimen 1-Yuan, 5-Yuan and 10-Yuan set, 1920. Printed by American Bank Note Company (Pick 128s, 129s, 130s). In PMG holders graded Choice UNC-64, Choice UNC-63, and Choice UNC-63 EPQ, the Harbin branch is probably the most popular variety for the issues of the bank in this period. Rarely offered in sets, saving any collector a tremendous amount of time locating these rare pieces in such high grade. (3) $ 8,500


1473 Republic. Bank of Communications. Shantung. Specimen 1-Yuan, 5-Yuan and 10-Yuan set, 1927. SPECIMEN overprints and cancellation punch-holes at the signature panels (Pick 145Bs, 146Cs, 147Bs). All in PMG holders graded UNC-62 EPQ, AU-55 EPQ and Choice AU-58 EPQ respectively, a well matched set of EPQ notes. (3) $ 1,200

1474 Republic. Chartered Bank of India, Australia & China. Shanghai. 5-Dollars, 1921 (Pick S184; S/M Y11-30c). In PMG holder graded Fine-12 Net, Splits, small split at the centre, bold signatures of the accountant and the manager. It is always a challenge to find this large format note of this bank. $ 1,200


1475 Republic. Chartered Bank of India, Australia & China. Tientsin. 5-Dollars and 10-Dollars pair, 1930 (Pick S215, S216). Both in PMG holders graded Choice F-15 Net, Tape Repair, Paper Pulls, Annotation and Choice F-15 Net, Repaired, Annotations, both with light creases in the middle, the 5-Dollars has a tear at the top right which has been repaired with tape on the reverse, both still with vivid colours, a very well matched pair for collectors. Very rare varieties for the bank, especially the 5-Dollars. (2) $ 2,000

1476 Republic. Chartered Bank of India, Australia & China. Shanghai. 10-Dollars, 1922 (Pick S185A; S/M Y11-31c). In PMG holder grade Fine-12 Net, Splits, Rust, Annotations, the horizontal and the vertical creases have caused a split at the centre of the note, the edges of the note are quite rough as usually seen for the grade of these issues, ink annotations and signatures on the reverse, the obverse design is still very bold, a very popular large format type. $ 1,300


1477 Republic. Chartered Bank of India, Australia & China. Hankow. 10-Dollars, 1924 (Pick S160; S/M Y11-31a). In PMG holder graded VG-10 Net, Repaired, Minor Rust, a split in the vertical crease now repaired on the reverse, horizontal crease, otherwise still with vivid details, especially the very clear signature of the accountant. Very rare, even in this grade. $ 1,200

1478 Republic. Chinese-American Bank of Commerce. Shanghai. Dollar, 1920. (Pick S235c; S/M C271-2d). In PMG holder graded VF-20 Net, Foreign Substance (only two examples graded by PMG for the variety and this is the better example), the crossed creases have caused some discolouration but the vivid details of the original design can still be made out, especially the beautiful scene of Statue of Liberty. A classic rarity of the foreign bank issues and very difficult to locate in any grade. $ 1,500

1479 Republic. Mercantile Bank of India Ltd. 10-Dollars, 1916 (Pick S443; S/M S54-4). In PMG holder graded Choice Fine-15 Net, Adhesive, Ink, Splits, with ink inscription and stamp on both sides, several major creases in the middle, but the details, are still very well presented, especially the waterfront scene in the centre, stains and splits as expected for the grade. A rare and popular piece even in low grades. $ 2,500


1480 Republic. Bank of Territorial Development. Urga. 5-Dollars, 1915. Special Russian inscription design (Pick 574r; S/M C165-21). In PMG graded UNC-62 Net, Previously Mounted, the mounting traces are mainly on the top of the reverse and have caused a light crease on the top of the obverse while attempting to remove the note from the mounting, still a very attractive piece with vivid ink quality and a handsome example of this interesting multilingual issue. $ 2,800

1481 Republic. Provincial Bank of the Three Eastern Provinces (Manchurian Provinces). Specimen 1๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ -Yuan๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ, 5๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ -Yuan and๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ 10 Yuan set. Printed by American Bank Note Company (Pick S2962s1, S2963s1, S2964s1). All in PMG holders graded Choice AU-58, Choice AU-58 EPQ and Choice AU-58 EPQ respectively, a well matched set of these popular issues, they probably would grade UNC if not for the minor problems around the edges. (3)๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ $ 1,500


1482 Republic. Central Bank. 100-Yuan (100), 1936. Includes some consecutive serial numbers (Pick 220a). Generally choice fine to about uncirculated. Rarely offered in such quantity held together with a bank band. (100) $ 2,500 A total of 10,000-Yuan face value

1483 Republic. Central Reserve Bank of China. Specimen 100,000-Yuan, 1945. Red specimen counterstamps in Chinese characters (Pick J43s; S/M C297-95). In PMG holder graded AU-53 EPQ, crease at top left, otherwise a really choice note and a highly sought after large denomination specimen of this Japanese puppet bank. $ 1,750

1484 Republic. Central Reserve Bank of China. 100,000-Yuan, 1945. (Pick J43a; S/M C297-95). In PMG holder graded AU-55 EPQ, no visible damage or wear, both sides are well centred, a very impressive example of this popular large denomination Japanese puppet bank type. $ 1,800 The same type as the Specimen 100,000-Yuan note in the previous lot.


1485 Republic. Union Preparation Bank. 20-Cents Printers Essay, undated. Women on the left, dragon on the right, red specimen counterstamps in Chinese characters. Printed on watermarked paper with wide margins and a colour bar at the top (Pick -). In PMG holder graded Gem UNC-66 EPQ, Note Unaffected by Issues in Selvage, a beautiful obverse proof design and a handsome specimen of this Japanese puppet issue. $ 3,500

1486 Republic. Banknote Portrait Vignette Patterns of President Yuan Shi-Kai as used on various banknotes (3), undated (c.1914-1916). Three small vignettes pasted on a large hardboard envelope with red ink annotations. Printed by ABNC. First vignette is of the portrait designed for Salt Industrial Bank, numbered as โ€œSpecial C-422โ€. The other two vignettes are patterns ordered by the Bank of China (which functioned as the central bank at the time), they are numbered โ€œSpecial C-425โ€ and โ€œSpecial C396โ€ (later changed to โ€œV42505โ€), the second was later used on the Bank of China banknotes. A group of modern notes which demonstrate the use of these vignettes are included in the lot (Pick -). All very well preserved, generally extremely fine to about uncirculated. (3) $ 3,000 The Salt Industrial Bank was founded in 1914 by President Yuan Shih-Kaiโ€™s sister-in-lawโ€™s brother Zhang Zongfang. This design with the presidentโ€™s military bust right was ordered in 1915 by Zhang and was supposed to be used on the notes the following year. However, the president died in 1916 with a ruined reputation and therefore this design was abandoned.

1487 Peopleโ€™s Republic. First Series of RMB. 5-Yuan (3), 1949. Consecutive serial nos.43285504-43285506 (Pick 813a; S/M C282-21). All in PMG holders graded Choice AU58, a well matched set with very slight visible traces of circulation, all have choice ink qualities and would be graded UNC if not for the light stains. (3) $ 1,500


1488 Peopleโ€™s Republic. First Series of RMB. 20-Yuan (3), 1949. Consecutive serial nos.31466751-31466752 and no.31466759 (Pick 821a; S/M C282-32). All in PMG holders graded Choice UNC-64, all three are problem-free. (3) $ 1,750

1489 Peopleโ€™s Republic. First Series of RMB. 500-Yuan (2), 1949. (Pick 846a; S/M C282-54). Both in PMG holders graded Choice AU-58 Net, Repaired and Choice AU-55, a pair of relatively high grades for this popular later tractor issue, both handsome pieces with vivid ink quality and crisp paper. (2) $ 1,200

1490 Peopleโ€™s Republic. First Series of RMB. 1000-Yuan (2), 1949. Consecutive serial nos.4932607849326079. Printed on paper without watermarks (Pick 847a; S/M C282-61). Both in PMG holders graded Choice UNC-64 EPQ. (2) $ 1,500 The first series of RMB is considered as one of the most stable series of Chinese currency for collectors, and notes in high grades are always popular.


1491 Peopleโ€™s Republic. First Series of RMB. 10,000-Yuan, 1949. (Pick 853a; S/M C282-67). In PMG holder graded Gem UNC-65 EPQ, a handsome gem of this popular 1949 type. Not easy to find in such high grade. $ 1,300

1492 Peopleโ€™s Republic. Second Series of RMB. 2-Yuan (2), 1953. (Pick 867; S/M C283-10). Both in PMG holders graded Gem UNC-65 EPQ and Gem UNC-66 EPQ, crisp gems with exceptional paper and ink quality, the corners are sharp and the spectrum of the design is well preserved. (2) $ 1,300

1493 Peopleโ€™s Republic. Second Series of RMB. 5-Yuan, 1953. (Pick 869a). In PMG holder graded Choice VF-35 Net, Repaired, a beautiful note with vivid details and flashy colours, no obvious damage visible except for the well repaired crease at the centre. $ 1,500 This beautiful red 5-Yuan variety is one of the famous โ€œThree Soviet Typesโ€ of the second series of RMB. These notes were originally printed in the Soviet Union, but due to the collapse of Sino-Soviet relationship, these notes were voided post-1964. This was the first and the only time that the Peopleโ€™s Republic of China would allow a foreign country to print RMB, and therefore these historic varieties soon became very popular.


1494 Peopleโ€™s Republic. Complete Set of National Economic Construction Government Bond Official Specimen Books, 1954-1958. A collection of 53 Specimens of the bonds housed in five official presentation books, one book for each year, and in each year there are five to six different denominations. The majority of the notes are uniface proof specimens. All have red SPECIMEN overstamps and seals of either the Central Peopleโ€™s Government or Treasury Department of The Peopleโ€™s Republic of China (Pick -). All five books have been handled with special care, and all notes are in gem condition. Very rare original documents. (53)๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ $ 3,000 The National Economic Construction Government Bonds played a very important role in the history of the Peopleโ€™s Republic. After WWII and the later civil war the Chinese domestic economy was totally ruined by 1949, when the Peopleโ€™s Republic was founded. It took China five years to recover the damages caused by the wars and enhance the national income and living standards. By 1953, the domestic economy was almost back to the levels before the wars (1927-1937, the golden ten years of the Republic of China). However, the new government soon found that the unfinished modernisation stopped the country from further progress. In order to organize enough funds for modernisation, the central government issued these bonds from 1954. The bonds formed the first monetary reform of the Peopleโ€™s Republic from 1955 to 1956. By 1958, the last date of these bonds, China had finished the process of modernisation. However, after this โ€œeasyโ€ success, the leaders became over confident. Chairman Mao started the โ€œGreat Leap Forwardโ€ the same year, and followed this with the Cultural Revolution, dragging the poor country back into chaos for another 20 years. These bonds witnessed the โ€œbetterโ€ early days of Peopleโ€™s Republic, and would be very valuable historical researching materials for any collector who has passion in the modern Chinese history.

HONG KONG

1495 Charted Bank of India, Australia & China. 10-Dollars, 1929. (Pick 50). In PMG holder graded VF-20 Net, Repaired, Rust, evenly worn with couple major creases, but still has choice eye appeal for the grade, even the rust seen here and there actually adds a warm feeling to the mellow toning. A very impressive example of this rare design with exquisite details. $ 4,000 This note is almost a piece of art rather than national currency. With advanced printing technology Waterlow & Sons Ltd was able to present two vivid waterfront scenes and a vignette of British heraldry. Extreme rarity, perfectly balanced design and incredible details have always been the reasons for collectors to pay premium prices for this note.


1496 Chartered Bank. Specimen 500-Dollars, 1961. Red SPECIMEN counterstamp at the centre, small red SPECIMEN No.1 at lower right (Pick 72s1). In PMG holder graded Choice UNC63, Previously Mounted, the trace of mounting is on the right side of the reverse with only some glue remaining and no other damage, a choice and colourful note with crisp paper quality and a popular large format type. $ 3,000

JAPAN

1497 Great Imperial Japanese National Bank. Yen, ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ undated (1877). ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ (Pick 20). In PMG holder graded Fine12 Net, Repaired, Rust, creases, rust and damage as expected for the grade, but the original design, especially the face details of the sailors, is very well conserved with even toning and plenty of details, a well executed old repair at the right top to cover a missing part of the edge. $ 1,000 A very popular early Japanese note is an ideal pair with the 5-Yen in the following lot.


1498 Great Imperial Japanese National Bank. 5-Yen, undated (1878). (Pick 21). In PMG holder graded Choice Fine-15 Net, Repaired, even though well circulated, the ink is still vivid and colourful, showing every detail of the original design. A rarely seen early Japanese note with a very attractive design, a classic highly sought after piece. $ 2,800 MACAU

1499 Chan Tung Cheng Bank. 10-Dollars, 50-Dollars and 100-Dollars Money Order Certificates, 1934. All with original selvage remainders, bearing the traditional Chinese banknote design on the obverse and more western style reverses. All in PMG holders graded Choice UNC-63 Net, Ink Stains, Choice UNC-64, Note Unaffected by Issues in Selvage, and AU-55 Net, Note Unaffected by Rust in Selvage, Piece Missing, Foreign Substance respectively, all with the same rusts and holes on the selvage. Rarely offered in sets and quite popular due to the beautiful printing. (3) $ 1,200

End of Sale


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Weber Coll. Williams, Velia

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CONDITIONS OF SALE 1.

APPLICATION AND CONTRACTUAL RELATIONSHIP

๏€๏€‚๏€๏€‚ ๏€ƒ๏€„๏€…๏€†๏€‡๏€ˆ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€Ž๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€ˆ๏€Š๏€’๏€“๏€”๏€๏€๏€‹๏€๏€•๏€…๏€–๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€๏€—๏€˜๏€‡๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€†๏€‚๏€… ๏€๏€‚๏€œ๏€‚ ๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€ž๏€‚๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€“๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€Ÿ๏€…๏€ ๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€ก๏€˜๏€๏€‚๏€Ž๏€…๏€ข๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€๏€„๏€…๏€ฃ๏€‡๏€๏€ˆ๏€’๏€ค๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€‰๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€Ÿ๏€…๏€ฃ๏€๏€๏€‡๏€”๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€ฃ๏€Ÿ๏€ฃ๏€…๏€ฅ๏€›๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€‘๏€•๏€… ๏€ก๏€˜๏€๏€‚๏€Ž๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€ฆ๏€๏€‡๏€…๏€Ÿ๏€…๏€ก๏€‡๏€๏€๏€„๏€…๏€ง๏€’๏€”๏€๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€‹๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€‰๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€Ÿ๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€”๏€”๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€•๏€…๏€ฆ๏€Š๏€‘๏€‚๏€…๏€จ๏€ฉ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€ช๏€ซ๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ ๏€๏€”๏€”๏€๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€”๏€๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€™๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€’๏€“๏€Š๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€๏€•๏€…๏€•๏€›๏€‘๏€–๏€Ž๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‰๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€๏€๏€™๏€‡๏€›๏€”๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ ๏€๏€”๏€”๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€‚๏€…

๏€ณ๏€‚๏€๏„๏€‚ ๏€พ๏€•๏€˜๏€‰๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€š๏€‡๏€˜๏€‡๏€”๏€’๏€‹๏€… ๏€‡๏€๏€๏€… ๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€”๏€‰๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€๏€๏€ค๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€Œ๏€›๏€˜๏€… ๏€๏€๏€™๏€”๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€›๏€‡๏€”๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€๏€ˆ๏€๏€˜๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€‹๏€›๏€‰๏€๏€๏€… ๏€™๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€‚๏€… ๏€… ๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€›๏€‡๏€”๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‡๏€”๏€‰๏€ฐ๏€๏€๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€„๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€–๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€”๏€’๏€“๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€ค๏€‡๏€”๏€›๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€…๏€•๏€˜๏€‡๏€๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Œ๏€’๏€›๏€˜๏€…๏‚๏„๏€ป๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€‰๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€”๏€๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€–๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€™๏€๏€๏€•๏€‚๏€…๏€… 5.

PAYMENT๏€ƒ

๏€ด๏€‚๏€๏€‚ ๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€„๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ž๏€‡๏€†๏€†๏€๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€—๏€”๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏…๏€•๏€… ๏€๏€๏€๏€†๏€‰๏€›๏€†๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€๏€ฝ๏€ป๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ž๏€‡๏€†๏€†๏€๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€‚๏€… ๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€”๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‰๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€™๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€—๏€‡๏€„๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€ฅ๏€๏€“๏€…๏€ฑ๏€’๏€๏€ˆ๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€‡๏€ธ๏€Ž๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€”๏€๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€๏€ธ๏€๏€†๏€—๏€˜๏€‚๏€…๏€…

๏€๏€‚๏€ฌ๏€‚ ๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€… ๏€™๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€˜๏€“๏€๏€๏€Š๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ ๏€๏€”๏€”๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€ฎ๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ ๏€๏€”๏€”๏€๏€๏€ฏ๏€•๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‚๏€…

๏€ด๏€‚๏€œ๏€‚ ๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€—๏€‡๏€„๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€™๏€›๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€™๏€’๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€‘๏€‡๏€Š๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€”๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€‚๏€…

2.

๏€ด๏€‚๏€ฌ๏€‚ ๏€พ๏€ธ๏€‘๏€๏€—๏€˜๏€… ๏€“๏€–๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€„๏€‚๏€…๏€… ๏€‡๏€—๏€—๏€”๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€—๏€‡๏€๏€˜๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€›๏€˜๏€•๏€˜๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‡๏€™๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€„๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€ณ๏€…๏€๏€‡๏€„๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€Ž๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€๏€…๏€๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€…

PRE-SALE AND DESCRIPTIONS

๏€œ๏€‚๏€๏€‚ ๏€ ๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€•๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€๏€๏€… ๏€Œ๏€„๏€… ๏€›๏€•๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€š๏€‡๏€˜๏€‡๏€”๏€’๏€‹๏€Ž๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€›๏€๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€๏€”๏€•๏€๏€“๏€–๏€๏€๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€Œ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€‰๏€˜๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€›๏€˜๏€–๏€’๏€๏€•๏€–๏€‰๏€—๏€Ž๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€‰๏€Š๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€•๏€‰๏€ฐ๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€›๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€Š๏€๏€•๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€‡๏€›๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€‘๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€ค๏€‡๏€”๏€›๏€๏€Ž๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€‹๏€›๏€‰๏€๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€‚๏€…๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€’๏€—๏€‰๏€Š๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€’๏€Š๏€”๏€„๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€–๏€’๏€›๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€”๏€‰๏€๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€•๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€™๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€‚๏€…๏€… ๏€ฆ๏€”๏€”๏€›๏€•๏€˜๏€๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€๏€๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€‰๏€๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€™๏€‰๏€‘๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€”๏€„๏€‚๏€… ๏€œ๏€‚๏€œ๏€‚ ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€‡๏€˜๏€›๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€›๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€„๏€…๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€ค๏€‡๏€๏€‰๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Œ๏€•๏€๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€—๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€๏€๏€™๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€Ž๏€…๏€๏€‡๏€†๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€Ž๏€…๏€†๏€’๏€๏€‰๏€™๏€‰๏€‘๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€’๏€๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€š๏€‡๏€˜๏€‡๏€”๏€’๏€‹๏€…๏€๏€’๏€๏€•๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€†๏€—๏€”๏€„๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€… ๏€œ๏€‚๏€ฌ๏€‚ ๏€š๏€’๏€‰๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‹๏€๏€‡๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€๏€—๏€˜๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€๏€Š๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‡๏€”๏€… ๏€•๏€˜๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€‡๏€๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€… ๏€‡๏€Œ๏€‰๏€”๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€—๏€๏€‘๏€‰๏€‡๏€”๏€‰๏€•๏€˜๏€•๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€ฑ๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€ˆ๏€Š๏€’๏€“๏€”๏€๏€๏€‹๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‹๏€๏€‡๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€‰๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€ฎ๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€†๏€‡๏€„๏€…๏€ค๏€‡๏€๏€„๏€…๏€™๏€๏€’๏€†๏€… ๏€•๏€—๏€๏€‘๏€‰๏€‡๏€”๏€‰๏€•๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€•๏€—๏€๏€‘๏€‰๏€‡๏€”๏€‰๏€•๏€˜๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€’๏€‘๏€๏€•๏€•๏€… ๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€Œ๏€„๏€… ๏€Š๏€‡๏€˜๏€›๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€๏€˜๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€•๏€‘๏€‰๏€๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€‚๏€… ๏€… ๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‡๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€Ž๏€…๏€“๏€๏€…๏€๏€’๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€›๏€˜๏€’๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€‘๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€„๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€๏€—๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€’๏€—๏€‰๏€Š๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€๏€๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€๏€˜๏€„๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€‹๏€๏€‡๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€•๏€๏€๏€ค๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€•๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€—๏€›๏€๏€—๏€’๏€•๏€๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€™๏€’๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€™๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€‚๏€… ๏€œ๏€‚๏€ณ๏€‚ ๏€ฆ๏€™๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€Ž๏€…๏€“๏€๏€…๏€•๏€˜๏€๏€’๏€Š๏€‹๏€”๏€„๏€…๏€๏€๏€‘๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€ค๏€‰๏€๏€“๏€…๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€™๏€’๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€†๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€’๏€“๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€—๏€‰๏€Š๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€—๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€‚๏€… ๏€œ๏€‚๏€ด๏€‚ ๏€ต๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€๏€๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€Š๏€‹๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€—๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€—๏€›๏€Œ๏€”๏€‰๏€•๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€—๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‚๏€… ๏€… ๏€๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€Š๏€‹๏€๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€„๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€—๏€›๏€Œ๏€”๏€‰๏€•๏€–๏€๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€๏€Œ๏€•๏€‰๏€˜๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€—๏€”๏€‡๏€„๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€Š๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€๏€… ๏€Œ๏€„๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€ถ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€›๏€Š๏€‰๏€‘๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€†๏€‡๏€Š๏€Š๏€๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€… ๏€œ๏€‚๏€ท๏€‚

๏€๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€—๏€„๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€š๏€‡๏€˜๏€‡๏€”๏€’๏€‹๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‰๏€†๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€”๏€’๏€Š๏€‹๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€‚๏€…

3.

ABSENTEE COMMISSION BIDS

๏€ฌ๏€‚๏€๏€‚ ๏€ฆ๏€™๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€˜๏€๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€„๏€Ž๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€†๏€‡๏€„๏€…๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€“๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€๏€Š๏€๏€๏€‡๏€ค๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€—๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€™๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€”๏€’๏€“๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€—๏€’๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€ฑ๏€’๏€›๏€… ๏€†๏€›๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€“๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€†๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€•๏€๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€—๏€’๏€•๏€˜๏€Ž๏€…๏€™๏€‡๏€ธ๏€…๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€๏€†๏€‡๏€‰๏€”๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€”๏€๏€‡๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€œ๏€ณ๏€…๏€–๏€’๏€›๏€๏€•๏€…๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€…๏€…๏€… ๏€ฌ๏€‚๏€œ๏€‚ ๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€š๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€… ๏€†๏€›๏€•๏€˜๏€… ๏€•๏€›๏€—๏€—๏€”๏€„๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€Š๏€‡๏€†๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€˜๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€๏€”๏€๏€—๏€–๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€›๏€†๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€๏€†๏€‡๏€‰๏€”๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€ฑ๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€†๏€›๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€”๏€•๏€’๏€…๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ค๏€‰๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€Š๏€›๏€†๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€—๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€Ž๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€†๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€™๏€’๏€๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€๏€น๏€›๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€… ๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€†๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€Œ๏€„๏€… ๏€›๏€•๏€‚๏€… ๏€… ๏€ฆ๏€˜๏€… ๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‰๏€Œ๏€‰๏€”๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ค๏€‰๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€๏€๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€™๏€’๏€๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€๏€Š๏€•๏€›๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€“๏€๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€… ๏€ฌ๏€‚๏€ฌ๏€‚ ๏€ต๏€๏€…๏€๏€’๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€๏€‹๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€•๏€๏€๏€ค๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€๏€™๏€’๏€๏€๏€…๏€“๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€›๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€”๏€‰๏€‡๏€Œ๏€‰๏€”๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€๏€ธ๏€๏€‘๏€›๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€จ๏€’๏€๏€…๏€™๏€‡๏€‰๏€”๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€ธ๏€๏€‘๏€›๏€˜๏€๏€ซ๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€‚๏€… ๏€ฌ๏€‚๏€ณ๏€‚ ๏€ฆ๏€™๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€ค๏€๏€๏€Œ๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€„๏€…๏€จ๏€“๏€–๏€๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€๏€”๏€๏€—๏€–๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€“๏€‰๏€•๏€๏€ซ๏€Ž๏€…๏€“๏€๏€…๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‰๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€•๏€…๏€จ๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€ซ๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€๏€”๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€…๏€†๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€“๏€‡๏€„๏€…๏€†๏€›๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€™๏€‰๏€๏€†๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€“๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€™๏€’๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‚๏€… ๏€ฌ๏€‚๏€ด๏€‚ ๏€ฆ๏€™๏€… ๏€“๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€“๏€’๏€… ๏€š๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€™๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€๏€น๏€›๏€‡๏€”๏€… ๏€ค๏€‡๏€”๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€™๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€‡๏€†๏€๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€Ž๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€๏€…๏€™๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€˜๏€‡๏€ˆ๏€๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€‘๏€๏€๏€๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€‚๏€… ๏€ฌ๏€‚๏€ท๏€‚

๏€บ๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€บ๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€”๏€‰๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€๏€—๏€˜๏€๏€๏€‚๏€…

4.

AUCTION SALE

๏€ณ๏€‚๏€๏€‚

๏€ญ๏€–๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€—๏€›๏€Œ๏€”๏€‰๏€‘๏€…๏€‡๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€”๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€Š๏€•๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€‚๏€…

๏€ด๏€‚๏€ณ๏€‚ ๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€„๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€‘๏€‡๏€•๏€–๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€™๏€›๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏†๏€ ๏€…๏€™๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€•๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€ฑ๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€… ๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€˜๏€”๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€•๏€๏€˜๏€ผ๏€’๏€™๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€‡๏€†๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€‘๏€”๏€‡๏€‰๏€†๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€๏€…๏€™๏€๏€’๏€†๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€๏€”๏€•๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€ˆ๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€… ๏€ด๏€‚๏€ด๏€‚ ๏†๏€Š๏€”๏€๏€•๏€•๏€… ๏€“๏€๏€… ๏€–๏€‡๏€ค๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€“๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€“๏€‰๏€•๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€… ๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€… ๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€“๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€‰๏€—๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€๏€™๏€’๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€™๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€๏€—๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€™๏€๏€’๏€†๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€๏€๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€๏€˜๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€™๏€Ž๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€๏€’๏€…๏€•๏€’๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€’๏€“๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€ˆ๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€๏€๏€†๏€‡๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€„๏€… ๏€”๏€‰๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€จ๏€ฎ๏€’๏€‰๏€Š๏€˜๏€”๏€„๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€‰๏€—๏€‡๏€”๏€ซ๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€›๏€•๏€… ๏€™๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€’๏€๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‚๏€… ๏€ด๏€‚๏€ท๏€‚

๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€…๏€†๏€๏€˜๏€–๏€’๏€๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€„๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€•๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€๏€‹๏€๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€•๏€๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€”๏€’๏€“๏€‚๏€…

๏€ด๏€‚๏€ฝ๏€‚ ๏€ฆ๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€… ๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€Š๏€… ๏€•๏€๏€˜๏€˜๏€”๏€๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€ฌ๏„๏€… ๏€๏€‡๏€„๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€œ๏€ป๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€…๏€†๏€’๏€Š๏€˜๏€–๏€…๏€™๏€๏€’๏€†๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€๏€…๏€๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€„๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€‘๏€”๏€๏€‡๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€™๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€–๏€๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€™๏€’๏€๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€™๏€˜๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€”๏€๏€‹๏€‡๏€”๏€… ๏€ฎ๏€›๏€๏€‹๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‚๏€… ๏€… ๏€ญ๏€–๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€’๏€›๏€˜๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€ฎ๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€“๏€๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€Š๏€ผ๏€—๏€‡๏€„๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‚๏€… ๏€ด๏€‚๏‚๏€‚ ๏€ฆ๏€™๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€™๏€‡๏€‰๏€”๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€†๏€—๏€”๏€„๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€’๏€Œ๏€”๏€‰๏€‹๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€Ž๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€•๏€›๏€‘๏€–๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€Š๏€ผ๏€‘๏€’๏€†๏€—๏€”๏€‰๏€‡๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€Ž๏€…๏€†๏€‡๏€„๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€—๏€›๏€˜๏€…๏€›๏€—๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€ค๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€”๏€„๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€”๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€ฆ๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‘๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€Ž๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€”๏€‰๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€™๏€›๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€๏€†๏€Š๏€‰๏€™๏€„๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€”๏€’๏€•๏€•๏€๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€•๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€๏€ธ๏€—๏€๏€Š๏€•๏€๏€•๏€…๏€จ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€˜๏€’๏€๏€Š๏€๏€„๏€•๏…๏€…๏€™๏€๏€๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€”๏€๏€‹๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€•๏€˜๏€•๏€ซ๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€›๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€›๏€”๏€˜๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€•๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€†๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€จ๏€‰๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€ซ๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€“๏€–๏€‰๏€‘๏€–๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ž๏€‡๏€†๏€†๏€๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€Œ๏€˜๏€‡๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€”๏€๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ž๏€‡๏€†๏€†๏€๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€’๏€Œ๏€˜๏€‡๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€‰๏€Š๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€‚๏€… 6.

RISK, TITLE AND DELIVERY

๏€ท๏€‚๏€๏€‚ ๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€ˆ๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€๏€‡๏€†๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€ถ๏€”๏€’๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€™๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€†๏€†๏€๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€… ๏€ญ๏€‰๏€˜๏€”๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€”๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€Š๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€™๏€›๏€”๏€”๏€‚๏€… ๏€ท๏€‚๏€œ๏€‚ ๏†๏€Š๏€”๏€๏€•๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€Œ๏€„๏€… ๏€›๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€… ๏€•๏€–๏€’๏€›๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€”๏€”๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€ฝ๏€… ๏€๏€‡๏€„๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€—๏€‡๏€„๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€™๏€›๏€”๏€”๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€ต๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€๏€๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€๏€‹๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€•๏€˜๏€’๏€๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€ค๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€”๏€„๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€’๏€›๏€˜๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€Ž๏€…๏€‰๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€”๏€”๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€๏€”๏€˜๏€๏€๏€Š๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€”๏€„๏€Ž๏€…๏€“๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€•๏€๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€๏€๏€‘๏€’๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€—๏€’๏€•๏€˜๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€๏€’๏€•๏€˜๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€•๏€›๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€•๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€•๏€˜๏€•๏€‚๏€… ๏€ท๏€‚๏€ฌ๏€‚ ๏€พ๏€ธ๏€‘๏€๏€—๏€˜๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€๏€๏€”๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€… ๏€†๏€›๏€•๏€˜๏€… ๏€•๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€•๏€™๏€„๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€•๏€๏€”๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€๏€๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€Š๏€… ๏€๏€๏€”๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€… ๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€‰๏€†๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€”๏€”๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€ถ๏€๏€๏€”๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€๏€„๏€‚๏€… ๏€… ๏€ต๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‰๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€๏€—๏€‡๏€Š๏€‘๏€„๏€…๏€“๏€–๏€‰๏€‘๏€–๏€…๏€†๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€‘๏€’๏€ค๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€™๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€Š๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€”๏€”๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€๏€๏€‚๏€… ๏€… ๏€ฆ๏€™๏€… ๏€“๏€๏€… ๏€–๏€‡๏€ค๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€–๏€‰๏€—๏€—๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€Ž๏€… ๏€“๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‰๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€™๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€๏€—๏€‡๏€Š๏€‘๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€™๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€™๏€‡๏€‰๏€”๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€‰๏€™๏€„๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€œ๏€ณ๏€…๏€–๏€’๏€›๏€๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€๏€๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€—๏€˜๏€‚๏€… ๏€ท๏€‚๏€ณ๏€‚ ๏€ฆ๏€˜๏€… ๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€ฏ๏€•๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‰๏€Œ๏€‰๏€”๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€’๏€Œ๏€˜๏€‡๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€Š๏€๏€‘๏€๏€•๏€•๏€‡๏€๏€„๏€… ๏€‰๏€†๏€—๏€’๏€๏€˜๏€Ž๏€… ๏€๏€ธ๏€—๏€’๏€๏€˜๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€”๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€•๏€…๏€๏€๏€น๏€›๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€๏€”๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€‚๏€… 7.

GUARANTEE FOR FORGERIES

๏€ฝ๏€‚๏€๏€‚ ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€†๏€๏€†๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ฆ๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€๏€Š๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‡๏€”๏€… ๏€๏€•๏€•๏€’๏€‘๏€‰๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€๏€๏€’๏€™๏€๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‡๏€”๏€… ๏€ฅ๏€›๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€•๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€’๏€๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€†๏€๏€†๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€•๏€–๏€‰๏€—๏€Ž๏€…๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ค๏€‰๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€… ๏€‹๏€›๏€‡๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€‹๏€‡๏€‰๏€Š๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€๏€๏€†๏€•๏€…๏€•๏€๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€จ๏‡๏€ง๏€›๏€‡๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€๏…๏€ซ๏€‚๏€…

๏€ณ๏€‚๏€œ๏€‚ ๏€ƒ๏€๏€™๏€’๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€Ž๏€…๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€—๏€’๏€˜๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€…๏€†๏€›๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€‰๏€™๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€‡๏€†๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€Ž๏€…๏€‰๏€™๏€…๏€๏€๏€น๏€›๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€Ž๏€…๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ค๏€‰๏€๏€๏€…๏€—๏€๏€’๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‰๏€๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€•๏€™๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€‡๏€Š๏€ˆ๏€…๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€๏€๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€๏€๏€™๏€๏€๏€๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€•๏€‚๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€ˆ๏€Š๏€’๏€“๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€น๏€›๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€‰๏€•๏€–๏€…๏€‘๏€๏€๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€—๏€’๏€•๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€œ๏€ด๏€ป๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€™๏€’๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€ต๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€‡๏€Š๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€๏€—๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€…๏€™๏€๏€’๏€†๏€…๏€†๏€‰๏€Š๏€’๏€๏€•๏€‚๏€…

๏€ฝ๏€‚๏€œ๏€‚ ๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€—๏€›๏€๏€—๏€’๏€•๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏‡๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€„๏…๏€… ๏€†๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€… ๏€‰๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€Š๏€…๏€‘๏€๏€๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€™๏€๏€‡๏€›๏€๏€›๏€”๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€›๏€˜๏€–๏€’๏€๏€•๏€–๏€‰๏€—๏€Ž๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€‰๏€Š๏€Ž๏€… ๏€๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€๏€‰๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€๏€๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€—๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€๏€’๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€—๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€š๏€‡๏€˜๏€‡๏€”๏€’๏€‹๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€›๏€”๏€˜๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ค๏€‡๏€”๏€›๏€๏€…๏€•๏€‰๏€‹๏€Š๏€‰๏€™๏€‰๏€‘๏€‡๏€Š๏€˜๏€”๏€„๏€…๏€”๏€๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€Š๏€…๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€“๏€’๏€›๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€–๏€‡๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€Š๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€Š๏€…๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€›๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€‚๏€…

๏€ณ๏€‚๏€ฌ๏€‚ ๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€–๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€™๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€–๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€‚๏€… ๏€… ๏€ฆ๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€—๏€›๏€˜๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€–๏€‡๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Œ๏€•๏€’๏€”๏€›๏€˜๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€๏€˜๏€๏€๏€†๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€—๏€›๏€˜๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€๏€๏€ผ๏€’๏€™๏€™๏€๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€—๏€›๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€๏€๏€ค๏€๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€๏€™๏€›๏€•๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€–๏€๏€…๏€™๏€๏€๏€”๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€‹๏€’๏€’๏€๏€…๏€™๏€‡๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€‚๏€…

๏€ฝ๏€‚๏€ฌ๏€‚ ๏€ฑ๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€†๏€›๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€‰๏€™๏€„๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€“๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€จ๏€๏€ซ๏€…๏€†๏€’๏€Š๏€˜๏€–๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€‘๏€’๏€†๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‡๏€“๏€‡๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€„๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€„๏€‚๏€… ๏€… ๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€†๏€›๏€•๏€˜๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€˜๏€›๏€๏€Š๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€›๏€•๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€‡๏€†๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€‰๏€†๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€… ๏€†๏€›๏€•๏€˜๏€… ๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€… ๏€๏€ค๏€‰๏€๏€๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€„๏€Ž๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€„๏€‚๏€…

๏€ณ๏€‚๏€ณ๏€‚ ๏€๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€†๏€›๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€–๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€˜๏€‰๏€˜๏€›๏€˜๏€๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€•๏€๏€—๏€‡๏€๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€‚๏€… ๏€… ๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€Ž๏€… ๏€–๏€’๏€“๏€๏€ค๏€๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€–๏€‡๏€ค๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Œ๏€•๏€’๏€”๏€›๏€˜๏€๏€… ๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€๏€‰๏€ค๏€‰๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€Ž๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€†๏€Œ๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€“๏€’๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€†๏€’๏€๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€‡๏€“๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€™๏€๏€’๏€†๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€’๏€›๏€˜๏€…๏€‹๏€‰๏€ค๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‡๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€จ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€‡๏€™๏€˜๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€–๏€‡๏€†๏€†๏€๏€๏€… ๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€™๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€๏€Š๏€ซ๏€‚๏€… ๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‹๏€›๏€”๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Œ๏€•๏€’๏€”๏€›๏€˜๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€๏€™๏€›๏€•๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€‚๏€…

๏€ฝ๏€‚๏€ณ๏€‚

๏€ณ๏€‚๏€ด๏€‚ ๏€๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€™๏€‰๏€Š๏€‡๏€”๏€‚๏€…๏€ ๏€›๏€Œ๏€ฎ๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€‚๏€๏€Ž๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€™๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€†๏€†๏€๏€๏€‚๏€…

(b) ๏€™๏€’๏€”๏€”๏€’๏€“๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€ผ๏€‡๏€•๏€•๏€๏€•๏€•๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€Ž๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‘๏€‰๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€“๏€–๏€๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€„๏€‚๏€…

๏€ณ๏€‚๏€ท๏€‚

๏€ฝ๏€‚๏€ด๏€‚

๏€ฑ๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€‘๏€‡๏€Š๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‘๏€‡๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€”๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€—๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€†๏€†๏€๏€๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€™๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€๏€Š๏€‚๏€…

๏€ฑ๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€ˆ๏€Š๏€’๏€“๏€”๏€๏€๏€‹๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏ˆ๏€…

(a) ๏€“๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€๏€๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€๏€ผ๏€‡๏€•๏€•๏€๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€๏€Š๏€‹๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€๏€ธ๏€—๏€๏€Š๏€•๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€๏€ธ๏€—๏€๏€๏€˜๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€›๏€˜๏€–๏€’๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€Œ๏€„๏€… ๏€›๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€’๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€–๏€‡๏€ค๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€Š๏€๏€‘๏€๏€•๏€•๏€‡๏€๏€„๏€… ๏€๏€ธ๏€—๏€๏€๏€˜๏€‰๏€•๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€˜๏€‡๏€ˆ๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€๏€๏€ผ๏€‡๏€•๏€•๏€๏€•๏€•๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏‰๏€…

๏€ฑ๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€˜๏€”๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€๏€๏€™๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€„๏€…๏€‰๏€™๏ˆ๏€…

๏€ณ๏€‚๏€ฝ๏€‚ ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€๏€๏€ค๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€‰๏€˜๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€“๏€Š๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‡๏€”๏€… ๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€“๏€๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€™๏€๏€’๏€†๏€…๏€‡๏€™๏€™๏€‰๏€”๏€‰๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€”๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€†๏€—๏€‡๏€Š๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€‰๏€—๏€‡๏€”๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€™๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€๏€†๏€—๏€”๏€’๏€„๏€๏€๏€•๏€‚๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€†๏€‡๏€„๏€… ๏€–๏€‡๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€†๏€‡๏€„๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€”๏€”๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‚๏€… ๏€ญ๏€ž๏€พ๏€… ๏€ญ๏€ต๏€ฟ๏€… ๏€๏๏€พ๏€š๏€พ๏€ข๏€ฆ๏€ฅ๏€ง๏€… ๏€ ๏€พ๏€ฅ๏€ญ๏€พ๏€ฅ๏€š๏€พ๏€ ๏€… ๏€ ๏€ž๏€๏€ก๏€ก๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€พ๏€… ๏€ข๏€พ๏€พ๏€ฃ๏€พ๏€ข๏€… ๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏๏€ญ๏€… ๏€ฟ๏€ฒ๏€… ๏€ญ๏€ž๏€พ๏€… ๏€ข๏€พ๏€ ๏€š๏๏€ฆ๏€๏€ญ๏€ฆ๏€ฟ๏€ฅ๏€…๏€ฟ๏€ฒ๏€…๏€๏€ก๏€ก๏€…๏€ก๏€ฟ๏€ญ๏€ ๏€…๏€š๏€ฟ๏€ฅ๏€ญ๏€๏€ฆ๏€ฅ๏€พ๏€ข๏€…๏€ฆ๏€ฅ๏€…๏€ญ๏€ž๏€พ๏€…๏€š๏€๏€ญ๏€๏€ก๏€ฟ๏€ง๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€…

(a) ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‹๏€๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€•๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€”๏€‡๏€‰๏€†๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€„๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€Œ๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€๏€…๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€†๏€‡๏€๏€‰๏€”๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€™๏€™๏€๏€๏€๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€’๏€—๏€‰๏€Š๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€˜๏€“๏€๏€๏€Š๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€๏€๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€๏€˜๏€„๏€…๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ค๏€‰๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€‹๏€๏€‡๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€•๏€๏€๏€ค๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€•๏‰๏€…

๏€ณ๏€‚๏‚๏€‚

๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€†๏€‡๏€„๏€…๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€“๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€‡๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‚๏€…

๏€ณ๏€‚๏ƒ๏€‚

๏€๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€™๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€ฎ๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏๏€๏€•๏€๏€๏€ค๏€๏€‚๏€…

(c) ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€—๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€š๏€‡๏€˜๏€‡๏€”๏€’๏€‹๏€… ๏€“๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€’๏€๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€… ๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€๏€๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€„๏€… ๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€๏€—๏€˜๏€๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€—๏€‰๏€Š๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€Š๏€›๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€‘๏€… ๏€•๏€—๏€๏€‘๏€‰๏€‡๏€”๏€‰๏€•๏€˜๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€—๏€›๏€Œ๏€”๏€‰๏€‘๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€‡๏€˜๏€‡๏€”๏€’๏€‹๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€™๏€”๏€‰๏€‘๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€’๏€—๏€‰๏€Š๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‚๏€…

(b) ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‹๏€๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€•๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€”๏€‡๏€‰๏€†๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€„๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€๏€๏€‡๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€๏€‡๏€†๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€ถ๏€’๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€’๏€๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€ถ๏€’๏€๏€…๏€†๏€’๏€๏€‰๏€™๏€‰๏€‘๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€“๏€’๏€๏€ˆ๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€Š๏€‡๏€˜๏€›๏€๏€๏‰๏€…๏€…


๏€๏„๏€‚๏€œ๏€‚ ๏€๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€Š๏€๏€™๏€‰๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€‹๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€–๏€‰๏€†๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€†๏€‡๏€„๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€‹๏€Š๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‡๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€™๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€•๏€›๏€‘๏€–๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€‹๏€Š๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€™๏€๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€ค๏€‡๏€”๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€Š๏€™๏€’๏€๏€‘๏€๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€‹๏€‡๏€‰๏€Š๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€…

(d) ๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€Š๏€…๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ค๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€„๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€‡๏€—๏€—๏€”๏€„๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€†๏€๏€˜๏€–๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€“๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€›๏€Š๏€‡๏€ค๏€‡๏€‰๏€”๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€๏€๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€„๏€…๏€‡๏€—๏€—๏€”๏€‰๏€๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€›๏€•๏€˜๏€๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€Š๏€›๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€‘๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€—๏€›๏€Œ๏€”๏€‰๏€‘๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€‡๏€˜๏€‡๏€”๏€’๏€‹๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€—๏€๏€’๏€—๏€’๏€๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€”๏€„๏€… ๏€๏€ธ๏€—๏€๏€Š๏€•๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€Œ๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€… ๏€‘๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€๏€๏€˜๏€๏€๏€†๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Œ๏€•๏€’๏€”๏€›๏€˜๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‚๏€… ๏€ฝ๏€‚๏€ท๏€‚

๏€๏„๏€‚๏€ฌ๏€‚ ๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€น๏€›๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€‹๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€Š๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€Ž๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€Ž๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€”๏€‡๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€‰๏€™๏€‰๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€Ž๏€…๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€‹๏€‰๏€•๏€˜๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€™๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€…

๏€ฆ๏€™๏€…๏€“๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€Š๏€…๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€ฎ๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏ˆ๏€…

(a) ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€™๏€‰๏€๏€†๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€“๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€… ๏€‘๏€‡๏€Š๏€… ๏€˜๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€™๏€๏€๏€… ๏€”๏€๏€‹๏€‡๏€”๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€Š๏€๏€™๏€‰๏€‘๏€‰๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€˜๏€‰๏€˜๏€”๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€™๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€™๏€๏€’๏€†๏€…๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€๏€Š๏€‘๏€›๏€†๏€Œ๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€๏€๏€… ๏€—๏€‡๏€๏€˜๏€„๏€…๏€‘๏€”๏€‡๏€‰๏€†๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€Š๏€‡๏€˜๏€›๏€๏€๏‰๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…

๏€๏„๏€‚๏€ณ๏€‚ ๏€ฅ๏€’๏€…๏€™๏€‡๏€‰๏€”๏€›๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€”๏€‡๏€„๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€ธ๏€๏€๏€‘๏€‰๏€•๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€๏€†๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€“๏€‡๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€Ž๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€…๏€“๏€‡๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€–๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€Œ๏€„๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€… ๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€“๏€‡๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€•๏€๏€น๏€›๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€–๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€‡๏€†๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ค๏€‰๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‚๏€…

(b) ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€ธ๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€†๏€‚๏€†๏€Ž๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€Š๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€‘๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€’๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€˜๏€… ๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‘๏€‡๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€”๏€”๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€๏€๏€™๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€™๏€›๏€”๏€”๏€‚๏€…๏€…

๏€๏„๏€‚๏€ด๏€‚ ๏€ต๏€๏€…๏€†๏€‡๏€„๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€™๏€’๏€๏€†๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€’๏€Œ๏€”๏€‰๏€‹๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€๏€ธ๏€๏€๏€‘๏€‰๏€•๏€๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€’๏€›๏€‹๏€–๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€‹๏€๏€’๏€›๏€—๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€†๏€—๏€‡๏€Š๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€‹๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€…๏€…

๏€ฝ๏€‚๏€ฝ๏€‚ ๏€ฑ๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€๏€˜๏€›๏€๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€๏€๏€™๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ž๏€‡๏€†๏€†๏€๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ง๏€›๏€‡๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€’๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€†๏€๏€๏€„๏€… ๏€‡๏€‹๏€‡๏€‰๏€Š๏€•๏€˜๏€… ๏€›๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€ผ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€’๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€ถ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ ๏€๏€”๏€”๏€๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€„๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€…๏€ฑ๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€˜๏€”๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‘๏€”๏€‡๏€‰๏€†๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€†๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€๏€›๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€‚๏€…๏€… ๏€ฅ๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€ผ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€’๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€Š๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ ๏€๏€”๏€”๏€๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€”๏€‰๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€™๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€•๏€˜๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€๏€ธ๏€—๏€๏€Š๏€•๏€๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€๏€‡๏€†๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€”๏€‰๏€‡๏€Œ๏€‰๏€”๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€…๏€–๏€’๏€“๏€๏€ค๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€๏€•๏€…๏€๏€๏€”๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ฒ๏€’๏€๏€‹๏€๏€๏€„๏€‚๏€…

๏€๏„๏€‚๏€ท๏€‚ ๏€ฆ๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ค๏€‰๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€–๏€๏€”๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€›๏€๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€†๏€—๏€๏€˜๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€… ๏€‡๏€›๏€˜๏€–๏€’๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€ค๏€‡๏€”๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€Š๏€™๏€’๏€๏€‘๏€๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€Ž๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€“๏€–๏€’๏€”๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€๏€˜๏€Ž๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ค๏€‡๏€”๏€‰๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ค๏€‰๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€†๏€‡๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ค๏€‰๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€น๏€›๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€™๏€™๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€๏€๏€‚๏€… ๏€๏„๏€‚๏€ฝ๏€‚ ๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€“๏€๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏…๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€… ๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€Œ๏€”๏€‰๏€‹๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€–๏€๏€๏€๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€‹๏€’๏€ค๏€๏€๏€Š๏€๏€๏€… ๏€Œ๏€„๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€˜๏€๏€›๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€๏€Š๏€™๏€’๏€๏€‘๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€’๏€๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€”๏€‡๏€“๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ ๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€ฅ๏€๏€“๏€… ๏€ฑ๏€’๏€๏€ˆ๏€‚๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€„๏€… ๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€Ž๏€… ๏€“๏€–๏€๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€Ž๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€Ž๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€†๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€Ž๏€…๏€˜๏€๏€”๏€๏€—๏€–๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€†๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€๏€†๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€ธ๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€•๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€ฎ๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€•๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€›๏€๏€˜๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€Ž๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€™๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€›๏€๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€•๏€‰๏€˜๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€Ž๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ ๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€ฅ๏€๏€“๏€…๏€ฑ๏€’๏€๏€ˆ๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€…

๏€ฝ๏€‚๏‚๏€‚ ๏€ฆ๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€’๏€๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€ˆ๏€‚๏€…๏€Ž๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€Š๏€๏€™๏€‰๏€˜๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ง๏€›๏€‡๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€•๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€‰๏€Š๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€™๏€๏€๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€Š๏€๏€“๏€…๏€’๏€“๏€Š๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€… 8.

EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY AND WARRANTIES

๏‚๏€‚๏€๏€‚ ๏€พ๏€ธ๏€‘๏€๏€—๏€˜๏€… ๏€“๏€–๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€๏€ธ๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€•๏€”๏€„๏€… ๏€•๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€“๏€‰๏€•๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€Š๏€’๏€… ๏€“๏€‡๏€๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€˜๏€„๏€… ๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€†๏€๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€Š๏€˜๏€‡๏€Œ๏€‰๏€”๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€™๏€‰๏€˜๏€Š๏€๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€๏€˜๏€‰๏€‘๏€›๏€”๏€‡๏€๏€…๏€—๏€›๏€๏€—๏€’๏€•๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‹๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€Œ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€๏€Š๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€”๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€–๏€…๏€”๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€•๏€’๏€”๏€๏€…๏€ฉ๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€ช๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€•๏€–๏€’๏€“๏€Š๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€…๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€™๏€‡๏€›๏€”๏€˜๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€‰๏€†๏€—๏€๏€๏€™๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€๏€๏€๏€’๏€๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€—๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€จ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€‡๏€›๏€˜๏€–๏€’๏€๏€•๏€–๏€‰๏€—๏€Ž๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€‰๏€Š๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€•๏€‰๏€ฐ๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€ค๏€‡๏€”๏€›๏€๏€ซ๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€”๏€‡๏€‘๏€ˆ๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€‡๏€›๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€‘๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€›๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€Š๏€๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€“๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€•๏€๏€”๏€”๏€๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€ผ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€’๏€๏€•๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€”๏€‰๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€™๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€๏€‡๏€†๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€•๏€˜๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€๏€ธ๏€—๏€๏€Š๏€•๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€… ๏€”๏€‰๏€‡๏€Œ๏€‰๏€”๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€… ๏€‡๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€’๏€›๏€˜๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€‡๏€†๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€–๏€๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‘๏€‡๏€›๏€•๏€๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€Š๏€๏€‹๏€”๏€‰๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€—๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ค๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€…

11.

INTERPRETATION

๏€๏€๏€‚๏€๏€‚

๏€ฆ๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏ˆ๏€…

๏‡๏€‹๏€Œ๏€๏€Ž๏€๏€๏€‘๏€… ๏€‹๏€’๏€“๏€‘๏€Ž๏…๏€Ž๏€ƒ ๏‡๏€‹๏€Œ๏€๏€Ž๏€๏€๏€‘๏€“๏€“๏€”๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏‡๏€Œ๏€–๏…๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏‡๏€—๏€“๏…๏€… ๏€†๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€๏€‚๏€… ๏€ž๏€‚๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€“๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€Ÿ๏€… ๏€ ๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€ก๏€˜๏€๏€‚๏€Ž๏€… ๏€ข๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€๏€„๏€… ๏€ฃ๏€‡๏€๏€ˆ๏€’๏€ค๏€… ๏€š๏€’๏€‰๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€Ÿ๏€… ๏€ฃ๏€๏€๏€‡๏€”๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€ฃ๏€Ÿ๏€ฃ๏€… ๏€ฅ๏€›๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€‘๏€•๏€… ๏€ก๏€˜๏€๏€‚๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€ฆ๏€๏€‡๏€… ๏€Ÿ๏€… ๏€ก๏€‡๏€๏€๏€„๏€… ๏€ง๏€’๏€”๏€๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€‹๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€‰๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€Ÿ๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€”๏€”๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€•๏€…๏€ฆ๏€Š๏€‘๏€‚๏‰๏€…๏€… ๏‡๏€˜๏€๏€™๏€™๏€“๏€”๏…๏€ƒ ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€ƒ ๏€ฏ๏€š๏€๏€Œ๏€ฏ๏€ƒ ๏€†๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€ƒ ๏€‡๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€ˆ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‡๏€˜๏€˜๏€๏€†๏€—๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€ˆ๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€ˆ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏‰๏€ƒ

๏‚๏€‚๏€œ๏€‚ ๏€พ๏€ธ๏€‘๏€๏€—๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ค๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€‰๏€‚๏€Š๏€Ž๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€‘๏€”๏€‡๏€‰๏€†๏€•๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€ฎ๏€›๏€•๏€˜๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€›๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€‘๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€…๏€†๏€›๏€•๏€˜๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€“๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€•๏€๏€ค๏€๏€Š๏€… ๏€จ๏€ฝ๏€ซ๏€… ๏€๏€‡๏€„๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€™๏€˜๏€๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€”๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€๏€„๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‹๏€’๏€’๏€๏€•๏€‚๏€… ๏€ฅ๏€’๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€•๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€„๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€˜๏€›๏€๏€Š๏€๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€’๏€›๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€“๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€˜๏€๏€Š๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‚๏€…๏€ฆ๏€˜๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏…๏€•๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‰๏€Œ๏€‰๏€”๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€ค๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€•๏€… ๏€™๏€›๏€”๏€”๏€„๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€•๏€›๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€“๏€–๏€‰๏€”๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€–๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€—๏€’๏€•๏€•๏€๏€•๏€•๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‚๏€…๏€ฟ๏€›๏€๏€…๏€†๏€‡๏€ธ๏€‰๏€†๏€›๏€†๏€…๏€”๏€‰๏€‡๏€Œ๏€‰๏€”๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€†๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€…

๏‡๏€˜๏€Œ๏€š๏€“๏€”๏…๏€…๏€†๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€“๏€–๏€’๏€…๏€†๏€‡๏€ˆ๏€๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€–๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€“๏€–๏€‰๏€‘๏€–๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€๏€—๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€Ž๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€๏€๏€™๏€๏€๏€๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‰๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€‰๏€—๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€”๏€„๏€…๏€‰๏€™๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€๏€—๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€‘๏€„๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€“๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏‰๏€…

๏‚๏€‚๏€ฌ๏€‚ ๏€ฅ๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€๏€… ๏€Š๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€ผ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€’๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€… ๏€”๏€‰๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€Ž๏€… ๏€“๏€–๏€๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€๏€˜๏€… ๏€จ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€Š๏€๏€‹๏€”๏€‰๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€–๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€•๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€›๏€˜๏€’๏€๏€„๏€…๏€๏€›๏€˜๏€„๏€ซ๏€Ž๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€Ž๏€…๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€๏€๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€“๏€‰๏€•๏€๏ˆ๏€…

๏‡๏€›๏€œ๏€Ž๏€œ๏€๏€๏€’๏…๏€…๏€†๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€‘๏€‡๏€˜๏€‡๏€”๏€’๏€‹๏€Ž๏€…๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€”๏€‰๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€—๏€›๏€Œ๏€”๏€‰๏€‘๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€”๏€‰๏€•๏€˜๏‰๏€… ๏‡๏€›๏€๏€ž๏€ž๏€๏€–๏€–๏€๏€๏€‘๏€ƒ๏€˜๏€๏€™๏…๏€…๏€†๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€•๏€˜๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€™๏€๏€’๏€†๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€™๏€… ๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏‰๏€…

(a) ๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€”๏€’๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€—๏€๏€’๏€™๏€‰๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€›๏€•๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€•๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€๏€๏€—๏€”๏€๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‹๏€’๏€’๏€๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€ถ๏€’๏€๏€…๏€•๏€‰๏€†๏€‰๏€”๏€‡๏€๏€…๏€”๏€’๏€•๏€•๏€๏€•๏‰๏€… ๏€”๏€’๏€•๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€˜๏€•๏‰๏€…๏€’๏€๏€… (b) ๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€•๏€—๏€๏€‘๏€‰๏€‡๏€”๏€Ž๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€Ž๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€‰๏€๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‡๏€”๏€Ž๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€๏€น๏€›๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€‡๏€”๏€Ž๏€…๏€๏€ธ๏€๏€†๏€—๏€”๏€‡๏€๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€—๏€›๏€๏€๏€…๏€๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€’๏€†๏€‰๏€‘๏€… ๏€”๏€’๏€•๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€•๏€˜๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€๏€‡๏€†๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€๏€‹๏€๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€๏€ธ๏€—๏€๏€Š๏€•๏€๏€•๏€‚๏€…

๏‡๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€™๏€๏€Ž๏€๏€๏€‘๏€–๏…๏€…๏€†๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€˜๏€๏€๏€†๏€•๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€‰๏€™๏€‰๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€“๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€š๏€‡๏€˜๏€‡๏€”๏€’๏€‹๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€“๏€‰๏€•๏€๏€…๏€จ๏€“๏€–๏€‰๏€‘๏€–๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€๏€•๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€•๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€—๏€”๏€‡๏€„๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€ซ๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€“๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€˜๏€“๏€๏€๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏‰๏€…

๏‚๏€‚๏€ณ๏€‚ ๏€ต๏€๏€…๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€”๏€‰๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€๏€†๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€‡๏€‘๏€–๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‡๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€๏€๏€”๏€‡๏€„๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€™๏€’๏€๏€†๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€Ž๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€™๏€‡๏€‰๏€”๏€›๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€™๏€’๏€๏€†๏€Ž๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€’๏€Œ๏€”๏€‰๏€‹๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€‰๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€”๏€‡๏€„๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€™๏€‡๏€‰๏€”๏€›๏€๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‡๏€•๏€…๏€๏€›๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€‘๏€‡๏€›๏€•๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€„๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€‡๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€’๏€”๏€‚๏€…

๏‡๏€Ÿ๏€œ๏€ž๏€ž๏€“๏€”๏€ƒ ๏€ ๏€”๏€๏€๏€“๏…๏€… ๏€†๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€†๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€˜๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€–๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€… ๏€Œ๏€‰๏€๏€… ๏€™๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€๏€—๏€˜๏€๏€๏€… ๏€Œ๏€„๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏‰๏€… ๏‡๏€ก๏€‘๏€๏€๏€Œ๏€™๏€๏€‘๏€’๏…๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏‡๏€๏€‘๏€๏€๏€Œ๏€™๏€“๏…๏€… ๏€†๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€’๏€›๏€˜๏€… ๏€”๏€‰๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€’๏€›๏€˜๏€… ๏€”๏€‰๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€Ž๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€—๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€ค๏€๏€”๏€„๏‰๏€…

๏‚๏€‚๏€ด๏€‚ ๏€ฅ๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€๏€ธ๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€”๏€‰๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€”๏€‰๏€‡๏€Œ๏€‰๏€”๏€‰๏€˜๏€„๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€“๏€–๏€‰๏€‘๏€–๏€… ๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€“๏€’๏€›๏€”๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€๏€‹๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€ธ๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€˜๏€๏€†๏€—๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€ธ๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€ฅ๏€๏€“๏€…๏€ฑ๏€’๏€๏€ˆ๏€…๏€”๏€‡๏€“๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€™๏€๏€‡๏€›๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€™๏€๏€‡๏€›๏€๏€›๏€”๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€†๏€‰๏€•๏€๏€๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‚๏€…

๏‡๏€ข๏€๏€Ž๏…๏€…๏€†๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€‰๏€˜๏€๏€†๏€…๏€๏€๏€—๏€’๏€•๏€‰๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€˜๏€–๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€‰๏€˜๏€๏€†๏€•๏€…๏€๏€๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€‰๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€‹๏€‡๏€‰๏€Š๏€•๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€Š๏€›๏€†๏€Œ๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€š๏€‡๏€˜๏€‡๏€”๏€’๏€‹๏‰๏€…

๏€…

9.

DATA PROTECTION

๏€ฏ๏€ ๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€ฃ๏€œ๏€–๏€“๏€ƒ ๏€ ๏€”๏€๏€๏€“๏€ฏ๏€… ๏€†๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ž๏€‡๏€†๏€†๏€๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€… ๏€—๏€”๏€›๏€•๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€ฏ๏€•๏€… ๏€๏€๏€๏€†๏€‰๏€›๏€†๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€ฅ๏€๏€“๏€… ๏€ฑ๏€’๏€๏€ˆ๏€… ๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€‡๏€ธ๏€Ž๏€…๏€“๏€–๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€—๏€—๏€”๏€‰๏€‘๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏‰๏€…

๏ƒ๏€‚๏€๏€‚ ๏€ƒ๏€„๏€…๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€ˆ๏€Š๏€’๏€“๏€”๏€๏€๏€‹๏€๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€“๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€›๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€‡๏€”๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€™๏€’๏€๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€‰๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€™๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€—๏€›๏€๏€—๏€’๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€‘๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€‡๏€๏€„๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€˜๏€๏€๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ค๏€‰๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€‡๏€… ๏€ƒ๏€›๏€„๏€๏€๏€ฏ๏€•๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€‡๏€”๏€… ๏€๏€๏€˜๏€‡๏€‰๏€”๏€•๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€„๏€… ๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€… ๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€“๏€–๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€Š๏€๏€‘๏€๏€•๏€•๏€‡๏€๏€„๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€Š๏€™๏€’๏€๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€‹๏€–๏€˜๏€•๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‚๏€…

๏€ฏ๏€ค๏€“๏€–๏€“๏€”๏€ฅ๏€“๏€ฏ๏€…๏€†๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€™๏€‰๏€๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€‡๏€”๏€…๏€—๏€๏€‰๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€”๏€’๏€“๏€…๏€“๏€–๏€‰๏€‘๏€–๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€•๏€๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€๏€๏€ผ๏€—๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€™๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ ๏€๏€”๏€”๏€๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€‘๏€‘๏€’๏€›๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏†๏€Š๏€”๏€๏€•๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€“๏€‰๏€•๏€๏€…๏€•๏€—๏€๏€‘๏€‰๏€™๏€‰๏€๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€‰๏€†๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€‰๏€‹๏€Š๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€Ž๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€‰๏€•๏€…๏€“๏€‰๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€•๏€๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€—๏€—๏€๏€’๏€ธ๏€‰๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€”๏€„๏€… ๏‚๏„๏€ป๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€‰๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€†๏€—๏€”๏€๏€˜๏€๏€…๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€‘๏€๏€๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏‰๏€…๏€…

๏€…

10.

GENERAL

๏€๏„๏€‚๏€๏€‚ ๏€ญ๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€ ๏€๏€”๏€”๏€๏€๏€ฏ๏€•๏€… ๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€˜๏€‰๏€˜๏€›๏€˜๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€๏€๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€˜๏€“๏€๏€๏€Š๏€… ๏€›๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€›๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€๏€๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€›๏€Š๏€๏€๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€“๏€‡๏€๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€๏€Š๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€•๏€›๏€Œ๏€ฎ๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€… ๏€†๏€‡๏€˜๏€˜๏€๏€๏€… ๏€–๏€๏€๏€๏€’๏€™๏€‚๏€… ๏€… ๏€๏€”๏€”๏€… ๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€๏€๏€†๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€“๏€‡๏€๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€˜๏€‰๏€๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€๏€๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€Ž๏€… ๏€๏€ธ๏€—๏€๏€๏€•๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€†๏€—๏€”๏€‰๏€๏€๏€… ๏€Œ๏€„๏€… ๏€•๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€›๏€˜๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€๏€… ๏€’๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€๏€“๏€‰๏€•๏€๏€… ๏€‡๏€๏€๏€… ๏€๏€ธ๏€‘๏€”๏€›๏€๏€๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€’๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€™๏€›๏€”๏€”๏€๏€•๏€˜๏€… ๏€๏€ธ๏€˜๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€—๏€๏€๏€†๏€‰๏€˜๏€˜๏€๏€๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€”๏€‡๏€“๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€ฅ๏€’๏€…๏€ค๏€‡๏€๏€‰๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Œ๏€๏€…๏€”๏€๏€‹๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€„๏€…๏€Œ๏€‰๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€›๏€Š๏€”๏€๏€•๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€‹๏€๏€๏€๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€“๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€…๏€Œ๏€„๏€…๏€›๏€•๏€‚๏€…๏€…๏€…

๏€ฏ๏€ฆ๏€“๏€๏€๏€“๏€”๏€ง๏€–๏€ƒ ๏€›๏€๏€‘๏€™๏€๏€Ž๏€๏€๏€‘๏€–๏€ฏ๏€… ๏€†๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€˜๏€๏€๏€†๏€•๏€… ๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€… ๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€… ๏€’๏€™๏€… ๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€… ๏€Œ๏€๏€˜๏€“๏€๏€๏€Š๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€…๏€ ๏€๏€”๏€”๏€๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€•๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€‡๏€… ๏€ก๏€’๏€˜๏€… ๏€‡๏€•๏€… ๏€๏€‰๏€•๏€—๏€”๏€‡๏€„๏€๏€๏€… ๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€… ๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€… ๏€๏€’๏€’๏€†๏€Ž๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€’๏€›๏€๏€… ๏€“๏€๏€Œ๏€•๏€‰๏€˜๏€๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€ค๏€‡๏€‰๏€”๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€™๏€๏€’๏€†๏€…๏€๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€…๏€๏€‹๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€‚๏€… ๏€๏€๏€‚๏€œ๏€‚

๏€ž๏€๏€‡๏€๏€‰๏€Š๏€‹๏€•๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€•๏€๏€…๏€š๏€’๏€Š๏€๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€‡๏€๏€๏€…๏€™๏€’๏€๏€…๏€‘๏€’๏€Š๏€ค๏€๏€Š๏€‰๏€๏€Š๏€‘๏€๏€…๏€’๏€Š๏€”๏€„๏€…๏€‡๏€Š๏€๏€…๏€•๏€–๏€‡๏€”๏€”๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€™๏€™๏€๏€‘๏€˜๏€… ๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€‰๏€๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€˜๏€๏€๏€—๏€๏€๏€˜๏€‡๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€‚๏€…

๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€จ๏€ƒ ๏€…

๏€ ๏€œ๏€š๏€ž๏€“๏€‘๏€Ž๏€ƒ๏€๏€œ๏€‘๏€ƒ๏€ฉ๏€“๏€ƒ๏€ž๏€œ๏€™๏€“๏€ƒ๏€ฉ๏€š๏€ช๏€ƒ ๏€… ๏€…

๏Š๏€…๏†๏€ ๏‹๏€…๏€‘๏€–๏€๏€‘๏€ˆ๏€ถ๏€Œ๏€‡๏€Š๏€ˆ๏€…๏€๏€๏€‡๏€™๏€˜๏€…๏€’๏€๏€…๏€๏€๏€—๏€’๏€•๏€‰๏€˜๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€„๏€‡๏€Œ๏€”๏€๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏ˆ๏€…๏€…๏€…๏€…๏€…๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€ž๏€‚๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€“๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€Ÿ๏€…๏€ ๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€ก๏€˜๏€๏€‚๏€… ๏€…

๏Š๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‡๏€Š๏€ˆ๏€…๏€ญ๏€๏€‡๏€Š๏€•๏€™๏€๏€๏ˆ๏€…๏€…๏€…๏€…๏€…๏€š๏€‰๏€˜๏€‰๏€ฐ๏€๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‡๏€Š๏€ˆ๏€Ž๏€…๏€ƒ๏€’๏€•๏€˜๏€’๏€Š๏€Ž๏€…๏€ฃ๏€‡๏€•๏€•๏€‡๏€‘๏€–๏€›๏€•๏€๏€˜๏€•๏€Ž๏€…๏€…๏€…๏€…๏€‡๏€ถ๏€‘๏€…๏€Š๏€’๏€…๏€๏€ฌ๏„๏€ท๏‚๏€๏„๏€ณ๏€ท๏€ท๏€Ž๏€…๏€…๏€…๏€…๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€˜๏€–๏€๏€…๏€Š๏€‡๏€†๏€๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€ž๏€‚๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€“๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€Ÿ๏€…๏€ ๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€ก๏€˜๏€๏€… ๏€…

๏€ซ๏€๏€”๏€ƒ๏€™๏€๏€ž๏€“๏€–๏€Ž๏€๏€๏€ƒ๏€ฌ๏€ฆ๏€ƒ๏€—๏€๏€”๏€“๏€–๏€ช๏€ƒ๏€‹๏€˜๏€‹๏€ƒ๏€ญ๏€ƒ๏€ˆ๏€‡๏€‡๏€„๏€ˆ๏€ˆ๏€‡๏€…๏€ˆ๏€… ๏€ซ๏€๏€”๏€ƒ๏€๏€‘๏€Ž๏€“๏€”๏€‘๏€œ๏€Ž๏€๏€๏€‘๏€œ๏€๏€ƒ๏€—๏€๏€”๏€“๏€–๏€ช๏€ƒ๏€‹๏€˜๏€‹๏€ƒ๏€ญ๏€ƒ๏€…๏€‡๏€‡๏€ˆ๏€†๏€ˆ๏€‡๏€†๏€„๏€… ๏€๏€‘๏€Ž๏€“๏€”๏€‘๏€œ๏€Ž๏€๏€๏€‘๏€œ๏€๏€ƒ๏€—๏€๏€”๏€“๏€ช๏€ƒ๏€ฆ๏€ฎ๏€ก๏€ฏ๏€ฐ๏€ƒ๏€๏€๏€™๏€“๏€ƒ๏€›๏€ฐ๏€ฑ๏€ก๏€ฌ๏€ฆ๏€Š๏€Š๏€… ๏€…

๏€๏€”๏€๏€‡๏€•๏€๏€…๏€๏€†๏€‡๏€‰๏€”๏€…๏€๏€๏€˜๏€‡๏€‰๏€”๏€•๏€…๏€’๏€™๏€…๏€„๏€’๏€›๏€๏€…๏€—๏€‡๏€„๏€†๏€๏€Š๏€˜๏€…๏€˜๏€’๏€…๏€๏€‚๏€…๏€ž๏€‚๏€…๏€ƒ๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€“๏€‰๏€Š๏€…๏€Ÿ๏€…๏€ ๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏€…๏€ก๏€˜๏€๏€…๏€‡๏€˜๏€…๏€‡๏€›๏€‘๏€˜๏€‰๏€’๏€Š๏€•๏Œ๏€Œ๏€‡๏€”๏€๏€“๏€‰๏€Š๏€‚๏€‘๏€’๏€‚๏€›๏€ˆ๏€… ๏€…

๏€… ๏€…

๏๏€พ๏€ฃ๏€พ๏€ฃ๏€ƒ๏€พ๏๏€…๏€ญ๏€ฟ๏€…๏€ฃ๏€๏€ฆ๏€ก๏€Ž๏€…๏€ฒ๏€๏๏€…๏€ฟ๏๏€…๏€พ๏€ฃ๏€๏€ฆ๏€ก๏€…๏€ฑ๏€ฟ๏†๏๏€…๏€ƒ๏€ฆ๏€ข๏€…๏€ ๏€ž๏€พ๏€พ๏€ญ๏€ ๏€…๏€พ๏€๏๏€ก๏€ฑ๏€… ๏€๏€ฅ๏€ข๏€…๏€ญ๏€ฟ๏€…๏€ ๏€พ๏€ฅ๏€ข๏€…๏€ญ๏€ž๏€พ๏€ฃ๏€…๏€ญ๏€ฟ๏€…๏€ฒ๏€ณ๏€ข๏€ด๏€ƒ๏€ฒ๏€ณ๏€ต๏€…๏€ฟ๏€ฒ๏€…๏€ญ๏€ž๏€พ๏€…๏€๏†๏€š๏€ญ๏€ฆ๏€ฟ๏€ฅ๏€…๏€๏€๏๏€ญ๏€ฅ๏€พ๏๏€ ๏€… ๏€… ๏€ง๏€ฟ๏€ฟ๏€ข๏€…๏€ก๏†๏€š๏Ž๏๏€…


43rd Annual

New York International Numismatic Convention "NFSJDB T .PTU 1SFTUJHJPVT 'PSFJHO "ODJFOU $PJO 4IPX

+BOVBSZ

Public Show Hours:

'SJEBZ +BOVBSZ t ". 1. 4BUVSEBZ +BOVBSZ t ". 1. 4VOEBZ +BOVBSZ t ". 1. GPS B UISFF EBZ QBTT WBMJE 'SJEBZ o 4VOEBZ

BOE VOEFS GSFF XJUI BO BEVMU $IFDL PVS XFCTJUF UP QSJOU B EJTDPVOU BENJTTJPO DPVQPO

Location:

8BMEPSG "TUPSJB )PUFM 1BSL "WFOVF

/:*/$ XJMM GFBUVSF BVDUJPO QSFTFOUBUJPOT 4VOEBZ +BOVBSZ o .POEBZ +BOVBSZ 7JTJU PVS XFCTJUF /:*/$ JOGP GPS B DPNQMFUF 4DIFEVMF PG &WFOUT JODMVEJOH BVDUJPO MPU WJFXJOH BVDUJPO TFTTJPOT FEVDBUJPOBM QSPHSBNT BOE CPVSTF IPVST #PVSTF *OGPSNBUJPO ,FWJO 'PMFZ o $POWFOUJPO $IBJSNBO 1 0 #PY .JMXBVLFF 8* t '"9 &NBJM LGPMFZ !XJ SS DPN

#FUXFFO UI BOE UI 4USFFUT

$BMM BOE NFOUJPO SBUF DPEF i/:;w GPS PVS TQFDJBM /:*/$ SPPN SBUFT GSPN $BMM FBSMZ -JNJUFE SPPNT BWBJMBCMF BU UIFTF TQFDJBM EJTDPVOUT

2015

NYINC




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