Adult CPR Adult Age: Puberty and older • Male: facial or underarm hair • Female: signs of breast development Scene Safety: Quickly survey the scene before you enter. Check Response and Activate EMS: • Tap the victim’s shoulder and shout. • If no response, yell for help. Send a bystander to call 9-1-1 and get the AED. • Go yourself if a bystander is not available. Check Breathing: • Scan for breathing for 5-10 seconds. • If no breathing or only gasping, begin compressions. Check response
C: Compressions Perform 30 chest compressions with 2 hands. • Position the victim face up on a firm, flat surface. • Quickly remove clothing from the front of the chest if it may interfere with compressions. • Place the heel of 1 hand in the center of the chest between the nipples, and the heel of the other hand on top. • Compress the chest 30 times. • Rate: At least 100/minute • Depth: At least 2” • Make sure the compressions are good quality. Push hard and fast. Allow full recoil between each compression. Minimize interruptions to compressions.
30 chest compressions
A: Airway
Open the airway with the head tilt/chin lift maneuver. • Place 1 hand on the forehead and apply firm pressure to tilt the head back. • Use 2 or 3 fingers of your other hand to lift the chin.
Head tilt/chin lift
10 Tip
If an unresponsive victim is face down, roll him face up to check for breathing.
18
The maximum number of seconds in which to complete 30 chest compressions.
Adult CPR B: Breathing Provide 2 rescue breaths. It should take less than 10 seconds to stop compressions, give 2 breaths, and resume compressions. • Maintain an open airway. • Pinch the victim’s nose (mouth-to-mouth) • Inhale a regular-sized breath. • Give 2 rescue breaths for 1 second each breath. • Watch for chest rise. • Immediately resume compressions. 2 rescue breaths
Continue CPR Continue cycles of 30 compressions to 2 breaths. • Continue CPR until professional responders arrive and are ready to take over. • Minimize interruptions to chest compressions. Avoid fatigue: If an additional rescuer is present, change rescuers every 5 cycles (about every 2 minutes). Give feedback on the quality of compressions to the rescuer performing CPR.
Continue CPR
Defibrillation Use the AED as soon as it is available. If there is more than one trained rescuer, have that person use the AED. • Turn on the AED. • Follow AED prompts. o
Apply pads.
o
Clear the victim before shocking.
• Immediately resume compressions. If the victim begins to move and breathe, leave the AED pads in place. Place in the modified H.A.IN.E.S. position if you need to keep the airway clear of fluids and vomit. Use AED if available
2
The number of minutes to perform CPR before switching to another trained rescuer to avoid fatigue.
Tip
If no chest rise with the first rescue breath, reposition the head and give a second breath.
11