BAZE FOCUS MAGAZINE (2018 EDITION)

BAZE

Focus ISSN: 2636-6770

A Publication of Baze University Abuja

Front view of the Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences

Volume 2 No 1

October, 2018

CONVOCATION EDITION

QUALITY & EXCELLENCE IN UNIVERSITY EDUCATION

Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences-Matriculation of students (all females)

newsletter@bazeuniversity.edu.ng www.bazeuniversity.edu.ng www.bazeuniversity.edu.ng

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ITEMS Table of Contents From the Editorial Desk Visitor to the University Board of Trustees Principal Officers From the Desk of the Proprietor & Pro-chancellor The Future Starts Here Staff Currently on International Training Approved Faculties, Programmes, Departments & Headships Baze Egg Heads – New Appointees Basic Medical Sciences - Gains of Investment In Female Education Highlights of the Department of Biological Sciences Students’ Field Trip Environmental Sciences: Bedrock for Environmental Development & Management Come on Board: Obtain a Life-time Experience at the Faculty of Management and Social Sciences Beyond Traditional Students’ Work Experience Play Your Part: Start-up Companies Can Help Nigeria Commencement of Postgraduate Programmes at Baze University Report on the Open & Distance Learning (ODL) Workshop Overview of Baze University Library System ICT for Development (ICT4D): Are we building a world we want with ICTs?

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The Story Behind the Baze University Anthem Coping Mechanisms for Good Mental- Health Womanist not Feminist Encouraging Female Participation in Sports Enhancing Campus Security

27.

Conducting Yourself in the 2ist Century

28.

English is an Interesting Language

29.

Laughter is the Best Medicine

30.

Campus Life in Pictures

31.

Baze University Panorama: Editor’s Gallery

32 33 34.

Baze University Alumni Poetry Corner Condolence

CONTRIBUTIONS FROM : The Pro-chancellor

Dean, Faculty of Management & Social Sciences

The Vice Chancellor

Dean Student Affairs

Dean, Postgraduate Studies

Director, Academic Planning

Dean, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences

Director IT Services

Dean, Faculty of Computing & Applied Sciences

University Librarian

Dean, Faculty of Engineering

Chief Security Officer

Dean, Faculty of Environmental Sciences

Students Support Unit

Dean, Faculty of Law

Sports Unit Alumni 2

From the Editorial Desk It is interesting how time flies! Just a year ago, we tance Learning in collaboration with the National Univerlaunched the Maiden Edition of BAZE FOCUS Magazine, a sities Commission and the University of London; Faculty publication that creates awareness on events in the uni- seminars; womanist not feminist; story behind the Baze versity, while also serving as a platform for staff and stu- Anthem; coping mechanism for good mental health, fedents to show their knowledge and innovative ideas to male participation in sports; update on post graduate prothe outside world. This volume is a Convocation edition grammes; the university library system; celebrating our and it calls for double celebration.

Alumni; appointment of new ‘egg heads’; the awesome-

As we celebrate our one year anniversary in exist- ness of the English language and many more. There are ence, permit me to use this opportunity to congratulate other regular features on campus security, campus life, all our graduands who have worked diligently in the last poetry corner, photo gallery, etc all packaged for your three or four years to deserve their various degrees. We reading pleasure. Enjoy!!! are proud of you, and as you go out to the world, remain good ambassadors of your alma matter. Remember that

having benefitted from the quality tutelage of your teachers, it is time to give back to the university by participating in activities of the Baze University Alumni. To our dear parents who have struggled through thick and thin to get their wards through university education, you have made

Jamila Shu’ara, FNIM Editor-in-Chief

the right choice; it is better to teach a child how to fish than to give fishes. I am convinced that the quality education received by your wards from Baze University would sustain them through a life time. Baze is a brand and our

brand speaks for itself! To all the faculty and administrative staff that have toiled to give these students the best; none of us is as good as all of us! As we achieve milestones in our corporate existence schedule, hold on tight and shine on as the morning sun. The best is yet to come!.

To all our esteemed Readers, let me most heartily invite you to another edition of our magazine; wherein

Copyrights © Baze focus Magazine All copyrights reserved Baze University, Abuja Graphis & Design DS&SD Photo Credits: Okam Ira A’aron Abdulrahman Ogara Department of Mass Communication Special Credits: Prof. Peter Umoh DVC Academic

we present to you, articles from the university community and numerous activities that took place within the year: students’ field trips; the new Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences where all students are females; celebration of the World Environment Day; start-up companies and how to play your part; students work experience programme at

BAZE UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS BAZE FOCUS MAGAZINE © BAZE UNIVERSITY PANORAMA © Connect with us: dssd@bazeuniversity.edu.ng From: Directorate of Strategy & Special Duties

the Faculty of Engineering; capacity building for Open Dis3

THE VISITOR BAZE UNIVERSITY, ABUJA

His Royal Highness Alh. (Dr) Shehu Idris, CFR Sarkin Zazzau

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BOARD OF TRUSTEES

Alhaji (DR) Ahmadu ABUBAKAR, OFR. Chancellor, Chairman Board of Trustees

Justice S. M. Alpha BELGORE, GCON Member Board of Trustees

Mrs Roseline Ada OKWECHIME Member Board of Trustees

Professor Sam OYOVBAIRE Member Board of Trustees

Dr Aliyu Modibbo UMAR Member Board of Trustees

Senator Datti BABA-AHMED Ph.D Founder & Pro-Chancellor

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FROM THE DESK OF THE FOUNDER AND PRO-CHANCELLOR BAZE UNIVERSTY - MILESTONES IN EXCELLENCE Baze University commenced academic activities in May 2011 and as we moved through the years; 2018, though with its challenges has been filled with huge successes in line with our milestones. Today we have six faculties and 32 programmes approved by the National Universities Commission (NUC).

In this year under review, we celebrate a lot of achievements: all the courses offered in the university are accredited; all our law graduates have been enrolled into the Nigerian Law School; admission of students into the new Faculties of Basic Medical Sciences and Environmental Sciences; take-off of postgraduate programmes in selected Faculties; procurement of sophisticated Engineering Equipment; deployment of high level ICT to minimize delays in students’ registration and strengthen integrity of the examination processes; partnerships with international investors, and many more.

I am happy to note that our persistence in excellence has been rewarding as a good number of our graduates pursue post graduate programmes in various Universities at home and abroad. Of particular mention is Ms Nabilah Sani Mohammed (BU/15A/LAW/1525), a Faculty of law Alumnus now undertaking a post graduate degree of LLM at the Penn State University, USA. According to Dr. Steve Barnes, the Assistant Dean for Graduate and International Programmes at the Penn State University Law School ‘Nabilah, excelled in the classroom as a student and leader, looks out for others, represented her family, Baze University, Nigeria and the African Continent with distinction’ In recognition of her academic excellence, Penn State University not only offered her a tuition free scholarship but extended same to three other prospective students from Baze University. This is a testimony to the quality of our brand! Proudly Baze!

A University is as good as the quality of its faculty; at Baze we take pride in our staff who come from diverse background – seasoned academics, renowned administrators, technocrats, etc. And as part of our quest for excellence, we encourage and support young ones to pursue higher degrees and post doctoral Fellowships.

We will continue our investment in human capital, capacity development, infrastructure and high - end equipment.

As we move our University on the path of excellence, please find time to come to our Campus for a visit.

Sen. Y.D. Baba-Ahmed, Ph.D Founder, Pro-Chancellor

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PRINCIPAL OFFICERS

Prof. Tahir Mamman, OON, SAN (Vice– Chancellor)

David OGBONNA Esq. - DVC ADMINISTRATION

Inuwa IDRIS - REGISTRAR

Prof. Peter UMOH - DVC ACADEMIC

Umar DALHATU - BURSAR

Dr. James DANIEL - LIBRARIAN 7

BAZE UNIVERSITY - THE FUTURE STARTS HERE It is with great delight that I welcome on behalf of the entire Baze University Community, new students who just joined us and felicitate with the returning students who passed their examinations and proceeded to the next level of studies. Equally, with pride I congratulate those who have successfully graduated.

Baze University offers unique opportunities to students to pursue their passion, and educational aspirations as a preparation for a career of their choice.

the bud in partnership with parents. The University will continue to robustly engage students on this and many other policies through the recently inaugurated Student’s Representative Council which is expected to give a responsible voice to the entire student’s body.

In conclusion students are enjoined to utilize the unique opportunity offered by Baze University to achieve their mission and future academic goals.

Towards this, the University creates a total environment suitable for learning, sports and appropriate social engagements. An acknowledged hallmark of the University is the availability of high quality staff who have combined academic distinction with industry experience. In a similar context, the university provides students in all the disciplines an industry experience through its mandatory SIWES (student industrial work experience scheme) programme. This ensures the graduate acquires skills that are readily useful upon employment.

Furthermore, to safeguard the quality and sanctity of its certificates, the University ensures that all programmes due for accreditation are presented at when due. To date, all the programmes offered in this University have been accredited by the National Universities Commission and other regulatory bodies.

Since the last convocation, the University had hosted some major academic events, local and international conferences. The University especially has enjoyed the exceptional privilege of hosting international training and capacity building programmes sponsored by the National Universities Commission and its partner foreign universities for the benefit of academics and senior level administrators.

The University has continued to strengthen its policies, practice and procedures on student’s conduct on campus; to the effect that destructive habits such as the use of hard drugs and other anti-social behaviors are nipped in

Prof. Tahir Mamman, OON, SAN Vice Chancellor

“An acknowledged hallmark of the University is the availability of high quality staff who have combined academic distinction with industry experience. .”

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BAZE UNIVERSITY: IN THE PURSUIT OF EXCELLENCE Staff Currently on International Training S/N

NAME

RANK

1.

Dr. Udoka Owie

Senior Lecturer

Public & Private Law

2.

Dr. Yusuf Abdulrahman Sambo

Lecturer I

3.

Fatima Oyiza Ademoh

Lecturer II

Electrical & Computer Engineering General Studies

4.

Mohd Nur Zanna

Graduate Assistant

Chemistry

5.

Lecturer II Lecturer II

Physics

6.

Oluwaseun Kehinde Oyewole Bashir Fida Ibrahim

7.

Maryam Abdulkarim

Lecturer II

8.

Hamza Jakada

Lecturer II

9.

Zakariya Mahboob Lanre

Lecturer II

Dr. Amina Batagarawa

Senior Lecturer

Mrs. Aliche Obianuju

Assistant Lecturer

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DEPT

Civil Engineering Petroleum & Gas Engineering Computer Science

DATE 1stSept. 2017 – 15th Oct. 2018 4th Sept 2017 – 30th April 2020 2nd Jan 2018 – Jan. 2020 29th Jan. 2018 - 28th Feb. 2019 1st Feb. 2018 –31stJan. 2019 30th March 2018 to 30th March 2021 15th March 2018 - 30th April 2021 1st March 2018 to 30th June 2018

REMARKS Fellowship (Research) at Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, Toronto Canada.

Fellowship at the University of Glasgow.

Young Professional Development Research at OPEC in Austria, Vienna.

M.sc. at Kingston University, London.

Completion of Research at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) USA. PhD University of Newcastle, UK PhD Imperial College London.

Ph.D University of Geoscience, Wuhan, China.

Engineering/ Electrical and Computer En-

12th August 2018 – 30th August 2022

M.sc University of Kaiserslauten, Germany

Faculty of Environmental/ Architecture Faculty of Management & Social Sciences/ Mass Communication

1st September 2018 – August 2019

Fellowship at University Kingdom of Bahrain.

1st September 2018 – August 2022

M.sc Florida State University, USA.

PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENT BAZE UNIVERSITY POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL - COMMENCEMENT OF ACTIVITIES The Director Academic Planning wishes to inform the general public that the National Universities Commission has approved the underlisted courses for take-off in the Baze University Postgraduate School and Lectures have since commenced.

MBA Business MSc Management MSc Economics MSc Mass Communications MSc Industrial Relations MSc Parasitology MSc Sociology MSc Chemistry MSc Animal & Environmental Sciences For more information, contact the DVC Academic & Dean Postgraduate School.

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BAZE UNIVERSITY, ABUJA APPROVED FACULTIES, PROGRAMMES, DEPARTMENTS & HEADSHIPS S N

1.

FACULTIES BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES

Dean: Prof. F. Om’Iniabohs

2.

COMPUTING AND APPLIED SCIENCES

Dean: Prof. Asenge G. H. Deputy Dean: Prof. Hammawa Mohammed Baba

3.

ENGINEERING

Ag. Dean: Dr. Nuradeen L. Tanko

4.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Dean: Prof. Bala Muhammad

5.

LAW

Ag. Dean:

PROGRAMMES

Haruna Danazumi

B.Sc. PHYSIOLOGY

PHYSIOLOGY

Prof. Melanio T Olea Jnr.

B.Sc. BIOLOGY B.Sc. BIOTECHNOLOGY B.Sc. MICROBIOLOGY M.Sc. ANIMAL&ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE M.Sc. PARASITOLOGY

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES MICROBIOLOGY

Dr. Temtope P. Fowoyo

B.Sc. CHEMISTRY M.Sc. CHEMISTRY

CHEMISTRY

Dr. Riadh Sahnoun

B.Sc. B.Sc. B.Sc. B.Sc.

COMPUTER SCIENCE

Dr. Chandrashekhar Uppin

COMPUTER COMPUTER COMPUTER COMPUTER

SCIENCE SCIENCE (INFO. TECH.) SCIENCE (SOFTWARE ENG) SCIENCE (INF. SY. MGT))

FINANCIAL MATHEMATICS

Dr. Pratap Singh

B.Sc. PHYSICS

PHYSICS

Dr. Hamman Tukur Gabdo

B.Eng. CIVIL ENGINEERING

CIVIL ENGINEERING

B.Eng. COMPUTER ENGINEERING

ELECTRICAL/COMPUTER/ TELECOM. ENGINEERING

B.Eng. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

B.Eng. PETROLEUM & GAS ENGINEERING

PETROLEUM & GAS ENG.

B.Sc. ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURE

B.Sc. BUILDING

BUILDING

B.Sc. ESTATE MANAGEMENT

ESTATE MANAGEMENT

B.Sc. SURVEY & GEOINFORMATICS

SURVEY & GEOINFORMATICS

Dr. Barnabas M. Ojo

B.Sc. URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING

URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING

Dr. Saliman Dauda

B.Sc. QUANTITY SURVEYING

QUANTITY SURVEYING

Amadosi Jesse

LL.B. CIVIL LAW

PUBLIC AND PRIVATE LAW

Dr. Zuhair Jibril

COMMERCIAL AND PROPERTY LAW

B.Sc. BANKING AND FINANCE

Dean: Prof. Osita Agbu Deputy Dean: Dr. Helen Jekelle

Dr. Helen Negbenebor

B.Sc. MATHEMATICS**

B.Sc. ACCOUNTING

MANAGEMENT & SOCIAL SCIENCES

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT

ANATOMY

Dr. Kathleen Okafor 6.

DEPARTMENTS

B.Sc. ANATOMY

Nasiru Sani Rimintsiwa (Coordinator) Dr. Najashi Gafai Professor R.H Khan Dr. Hezekiah Agogo Dr. Muhammad Oumar A. Ahmed Bldr. John Alaezi Dr. Muhammed Umbugala D.

Dr. Kathleen Okafor Dr. Adamu Zango Garba

ACCOUNTING & FINANCE

B.Sc. BUSINESS MANAGEMENT MBA. BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION MSc. MANAGEMENT

BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

B.Sc. ECONOMICS M.SC. ECONOMICS

ECONOMICS

B.Sc. GOVERNMENT PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

B.Sc. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND DIPLOMACY M.Sc. NTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND DIPLOMACY

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND DIPLOMACY

B.Sc. MARKETING

MARKETING

B.Sc. MASS COMMUNICATION M.Sc. MASS COMMUNICATION

MASS COMMUNICATION

B.Sc. PSYCHOLOGY

PSYCHOLOGY

B.Sc. SOCIOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY M.Sc. SOCIOLOGY

SOCIOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY

S/N

PROGRAMME

COORDINATOR

1.

2.

CENTER FOR FOUNDATION AND INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES TEACHING HOSPITAL

Dr. Rukayyatu Abdulkarim Gurin Dr. Fatima Kyari

Dr. Paulin Ebere Onyeukwu

Dr. Saada Abba Abdullahi Prof. Benjamin Akhere Dr. Dele Babalola

Dr. Hindu Amin Jibril Dr. Aminu Fari Hamajoda Dr. Damian Dibia Osa-Afiana Dr. Titilayo C. Orisaremi

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BAZE EGG HEADS – NEW APPOINTEES The ultimate goal of any Academic is to become a professor of repute in a chosen discipline. Today, Baze University, celebrates two of its faculty that were recently elevated to the rank of full Professors!.

Professor Peter Ogedebe Peter Ogedebe was educated at the Universities of Teeside, Sunderland and Newcastle Upon Tyne in UK and started his career at the University of Maiduguri as the pioneer Head of Management Information Systems and Computer Centre and rose to the rank of Deputy Director in 2003. As a result of his outstanding M.Sc project, he was appointed Database Adviser at the University of Sunderland in the United Kingdom from October 1993 to March 1994. He was at Bingham University New Karu as the Head of the Department of Computer Science and also successfully established the School of Basic Studies and took it to an enviable height while also attracting several grants for the Department of Computer Science and the University at large. He graduated the first set of Computer Science students in 2009 and rose to the rank of Associate Professor in September 2012.

Prof. Ogedebe joined Baze University in 2014, as an Associate Professor of Computer Science. Under his supervision, the Faculty achieved full NUC accreditation for the B.Sc programmes in Computer Science, Biological Sciences and Chemistry in 2017 and Physics in 2018. He is a versatile academic and an administrator committed to teaching, training and positively impacting on the lives of young adults put in his charge. His legacy is to positively impact on the lives of persons under his tutelage. He is a member of the Nigeria Computer Society; Nigeria Institute of Management; Information Technology and Security Professionals; Academia in Information Technology and Fellow, Institute of Corporate Administration. He has published several papers in peer-reviewed journals and attended several conferences. Having successfully gone through the various external assessment, he was appointed Professor of Computer Science in January, 2018 (effective from July, 2017). He was appointed the Dean of the Faculty of Computing and Applied Sciences in 2015 and he recently completed his tenure.

Prof. Bala Muhammad Bala Muhammad obtained his Bachelor of Science Degree (B.Sc.) in Building in 1990 at Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) Zaria, Master of Science (M.Sc.) Degree in Civil Engineering (Structures) in 1999 at ABU Zaria and Doctor of Philosophy Degree (PhD) in Civil Engineering (Structures and Materials) in 2009 at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). Has been a lecturer and researcher for over twenty-five years. He is a member of the Nigerian Institute of Builders (NIOB), the Malaysian Society of Engineering and Technology (MSET) and several local and international research groups. He has to his credit twenty research articles published in reputable Journals including Elsevier, American Society for Civil Engineers (ASCE), Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering (CJCE), Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering (MJCE) and Indian Concrete Journal (ICJ). He is the author of a book titled “Impact of Natural Rubber Latex on the Engineering Properties of Concrete” published by Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany and a co-author of the book entitled “Elastomers” published by InTech, Croatia. He was an ‘External Expert Examiner’ (EEE) at the University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Pakistan. Recently appointed Professor of Building and is the Dean; Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Baze University, Abuja.

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BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES - GAINS OF INVESTMENT IN FEMALE EDUCATION * Ferdinand OM’ INIABOHS If you educate a man; you educate an individual, but if you educate a woman; you educate a nation (family).

Perhaps there is no better place or time that this African saying is apt and depicted as in the present composition of the students in the Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences (FMBS). This Faculty with its impressive edifice which graces the front cover of this magazine.

The Faculty had its first intake of students in May 2017and is a direct beneficiary of the decisions of resolute parents who made purposeful investments in girls’ education. These students have traversed the first mile stone of their academic journey into the 200 level. The pioneer students were initially six in number but they have been joined by others bringing their number to fifteen (15).

Earlier in the year, I took time to interact with the six pioneer students who major in Anatomy or Physiology and I sought to know the reasons for each lady’s choice of course of study. Lady? Yes, ladies - all the admitted students in the faculty are females. I attach below excerpts of my interaction with these ladies.

1.

Salmatu Usman ABUBAKAR,; Major: B. Med. Sci. ANATOMY “My interest in ANATOMY, stems from my vision for discovery- bringing out non- existent knowledge to help humanity.”

2.

Divine AHMADU,; Major: B. Med. Sci. ANATOMY “I have this passion to alleviate the suffering of patients or people who are ill. My desire is to see eve ryone around me as healthy individuals.”

3.

Aisha Rabiu DANGABI; Major: B. Med. Sci. ANATOMY “I am from Jigawa State. I had my Senior Secondary Certificate in 2017. I developed this ambition to be a qualified medical doctor. Baze University was chosen to achieve my ambition. I was advised to major in ANATOMY as a first step towards realizing my ambition”. *Dean’s Comment: So far, Ms Dangabi has proven to be the best amongst this set of students.

4.

Constance DIMKPA,; Major: B. Med. Sci, ANATOMY “I picked Human Anatomy because of its relationship with medicine. When I applied to Baze Universi ty to study medicine, I was advised to major in either ANATOMY or PHYSIOLOGY before I can proceed to the medical programme. This is why I am currently in the Anatomy major programme.

5.

Favour Ojotule ITAHA,; MAJOR: B. Med. Sci: ANATOMY “My aim was to study medicine and surgery. However, since medicine is not available at Baze Univer sity, I decided to study a course close to medicine for a start. This is why I am majoring in ANATOMY. After my honour’s degree, I will pursue a programme in medicine and surgery”

6.

Zainab Shehu UTHMAN,; MAJOR: B. Med. PHYSIOLOGY “I prefer physiology as my own avenue to achieving a medical degree. I hope to pass my courses in medicine and surgery and specialize as a physician in my medical career”.

The second year students have completed the first semester of the curriculum in Anatomy, Medical Biochemistry and Physiology (see photos of Lecture and Lab activities) and I have no doubt in my mind whatsoever that, with proper guidance and the facilities provided for tutelage, these ladies will realize their dreams. My advise to these ladies is to be brave in the pursuit of their dreams and not allow any circumstance *Prof Frederick Om’ Iniabohs is the Dean of the truncate their academic goals. Kudos Ladies!!!

Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences 12

BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES - OUR LADIES; OUR PRIDE. * Ferdinand OM’ INIABOHS

*Prof Ferdinand Om’ Iniabohs is the Dean of the

Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences

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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES: BEDROCK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT Bala MUHAMMAD* The focus of the Faculty of Environmental Sciences is to produce quality graduates with appropriate knowledge, skills and competitive edge in their fields of study to make them employable or job creators for themselves and others; to provide high quality research that will promote the image of the University and enhance the overall development of the nation.

The Faculty offers Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) degree in the following disciplines: Architecture, Building, Estate Management, Quantity Surveying, Surveying & Geoinformatics and Urban and Regional Planning. The pioneer students for these programmes were admitted in May 2017. The number of academic staff is increasing in order to meet the expected growth in student enrolment. The excellence and great mentorship qualities of the Faculty staff impacts students’ academic and moral life positively.

One of the on-going research focus of the Faculty is ‘sustainability’ and some of the research projects in this respect include: Desirable dissemination of sustainability concepts on the students and sustainability awareness discussions by inhouse/outside students. Indeed, greater attention is given to the students on insights into most aspects of the human world from business to technology to environment and the social sciences.

The Faculty ensures that the prospective graduates leave the University with complete knowledge on the necessary core skills for meaningful interactions in the modern world particularly on the need for drastic reductions in the environmental hazards for a much better future. In fact, the Faculty inculcates into students, how to promote safe and healthy living in harmony with the natural world around us by protecting the environment from damage and destruction.

The Faculty participated in the 2018 ‘World Environment Day Symposium’. The purpose of the symposium was to enlighten participants and create awareness especially among the youths on plastic pollution and how to control it. It also

aimed at the reorientation of the mind-set of the youths to sustainable resource consumption and environmental stewardship.

During the symposium, the three main pillars of sustainability: Economic Development; Social Development and Environmental Protection were discussed at length. Since environmental issues are generally considered as the primary concern of the future to humanity, environmentalists in the discussions highlighted contributions expected from government policies, community collective services as well as individual actions. Student of the Faculty in attendance benefitted immensely throughout the symposium.

Consequently, the Faculty, in line with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recognizes that the key factor in achieving sustainability lies in technological advancements most especially in the areas of biotechnology. Thus, Faculty of Environmental Sciences is determined – along with other important areas of focus – to promote significant impact on the environmental issues particularly in technological techniques through research collaborations with related and relevant sectors within and abroad.

Staff & students of the Faculty of Environmental Sciences at the 2018 World Environment Day Symposium

Students of the Department of Architecture

*Professor Bala Muhammad is the Dean of the Faculty of Environmental Sciences.

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COME ON BOARD: OBTAIN A LIFE-TIME EXPERIENCE AT THE FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Emeka E. ENE*

The Faculty of Management and Social Sciences (FMSS) at Baze University is a major complement of the six faculties in operation. Sitting on an expansive structure that beckons majestically on passers-by from a good distance, the faculty hosts a range of Departments now closing up to a dozen. Amongst these are Government and Public Administration, Accounting, Banking & Finance, Mass Communication, Economics, Sociology, Marketing, Psychology, Business Management, and International Relations and Diplomacy. More Departments are due to be added going by the pace at which the faculty is growing and the encouraging pattern of reception it is getting from the nation’s learning community. The ultimate desire is to develop a faculty that will provide good options for students desiring high standards in their different disciplines.

The increasingly important role of FMSS courses in national growth and development underscores this, and the University would always take the lead for others to follow. The effort at growing the faculty stem from its strong research focus and mentorship from the great institutions like the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), and the Harvard University, with high status in the fields of management and social sciences. These great institutions have produced renowned inventors, theorists, and thinkers that have shaped the world and the interpretation of man’s future and have won different prizes, including the Nobel Prize. The thinking is that if this can be done elsewhere, why not in Nigeria. Moreover, why not in Baze University?

The ultimate long-term objective of the faculty is not just to produce quality students, but also to be a strong research centre for the benefit of the students, the nation, and even to humanity at large. This has informed a catalogue of activities including regular research seminars, a faculty journal, and encouragement of staff members to attend conferences, beyond what is obtainable in conventional public institutions.

FMSS courses are taught by a team of national and international faculty drawn from different parts of the world with a diverse collection of students from different parts of the country, and comprising divergent tribes, ethnicity, religion, age, and class. This plural origin provides the basis for exposed scholarship, a broadened mindset, and an overall readiness to prepare students for the real world of complex peoples and cultures.

As one of the pioneer faculties of the university, it has been led, in the past by high ranking academics including Professors Skip Smith, Professor Reagan, Professor Wilson Herbert, and the current Dean; Associate Professor Emeka E. Ene. Beyond the past and present Deans are a gathering of quality scholars and researchers serving as Heads of Departments or highly rated teaching staff. The Faculty is a celebrated blend of the new and the old; vibrant, innovative and deeply embedded in an excellent environment that creates programmes and ideas that have global impact. It educates people for successful careers and community life and delivers cutting-edge programmes and groundbreaking research that transform individuals, organisations, business practice, and society. Entrepreneurship is a theme that permeates the faculty and exposure gives first-hand experience, apart from devising solutions to complex challenges , acquired skills can be taken into larger organisations, social enterprises, and even innovative individual businesses.

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COME ON BOARD: OBTAIN A LIFE-TIME EXPERIENCE AT THE FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Emeka E. ENE* FMSS also provides intellectual leadership not just for scholarship and character; our graduates have proceeded to other universities, including foreign ones, where they have excelled with distinctions.

Many others have flourishing careers, either in the civil or public services, while a good number are doing well in the private sector. These feats attest to the focus of the University Management which is to deliver quality tertiary education with highly experienced staff, superb teaching equipment, overseas external examiners, and first-rate infrastructure that guarantee standards at about half the cost of sending a student to study abroad. The University is tackling head-on, the issue of poor graduate quality, and consolidating on the efforts of Government to improve the standard of Education. Need we say more? Come on board and experience the faculty of excellence at Baze University. *Associate Prof Emeka E. Ene was the immediate past Dean of the Faculty of Management & Social Sciences.

Students of the Department of Mass Communication on field trip to a Radio House in Abuja

Staff and Students listening attentively during a Seminar organized by the Faculty of Management & Social Sciences.

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BEYOND TRADITIONAL STUDENTS’ WORK EXPERIENCE Sunday KANSHIO*

Students Work Experience Programme (SWEP) is a mandatory course, approved by the Nigeria Universities Commission (NUC) for Engineering Students in 200 Level irrespective of their primary engineering disciplines. In most Nigerian Universities, engineering students undertake SWEP in laboratories and engineering workshop. As an undergraduate, I recall that I was attached to a mechanical engineering workshop, and my job was to cut a piece of an iron rod. I neither diagnosed nor solved any technical problem. At Baze University, this was considered too basic; hence the need to delve deeper, and instead of going the traditional route of doing SWEP, we now do what is called enhanced-SWEP (e-SWEP). Faculty of Engineering A 200 level student of 17A-SWEP cohort working with a (FoE) Baze University has adopted a learning approach where technician to fix a bad AC students gain experience through SWEP as they are required In 17C semester, the students were placed into four dummyto work on real-life problems. Our desire as a faculty is to procompanies, and they were tasked with a challenge to apply duce confident and dynamic engineers who would not be their engineering knowledge and convert waste to wealth. The afraid of taking a shot at any challenge. task was in addition to their hands-on work experience with At the inception of the programme in 16C, the students the university technicians. This task aimed to challenge the worked with the technicians at the central workshop on a ro- students to apply critical thinking and problem-solving skills to tational basis. The students worked with these technicians to resolve an environmental problem in their society. The four carry out repairs and maintenance work on air conditioning, dummy-companies were to respectively convert used automoelectrical distribution systems, plumbing systems and wooden bile, used tyres, used engine oil and general waste to useful structures (example, fixing of broken or damaged doors, win- products profitably. The student set up and run the companies like real life ones. In this case, they learnt how to solve a realdows and roofs). life problem and make money. At the end of the SWEP duraIn 17B, we then introduced another level of problem-solving in tion, each company made a presentation to the academic which case; the students were put into two groups to develop staff. During the presentation, they showcased their company a maintenance job-request/execution framework. The jobproducts and demonstrated how they made a profit. The staff request/execution framework was designed to help both staff in attendance were mesmerized by the ingenuity of the stuand students to be able to request for a maintenance job withdents. One of the students had this to say: out having to locate a technician physically. The rationale be“SWEP enabled me to be more creative, and I got to see hind the job execution framework was to make it easier for a firsthand how the business side of engineering was. What I technician to report an executed job: what was the fault and benefitted the most was making my ideas a reality” how was it fixed?. The essence of the job-execution framework was to provide the facility maintenance office with a Philemon Victress Oluchi platform to keep track of the previous jobs executed by the technicians. In designing the framework, the students consulted the maintenance office for inputs into the design. Though the framework requires improvement, the students were allowed to identify engineering problems and propose solutions to solve the problems.

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BEYOND TRADITIONAL STUDENTS’ WORK EXPERIENCE Sunday KANSHIO* In 18A and 18B semester, we took SWEP to another level: Students were challenged to design and construct a model of an oil and gas drilling rig, flow station and a natural gas dehydration plant. Our previous SWEP participants gave us feedback in which they said that it would be impactful if the faculty could incorporate a project whereby the students could produce a physical product. The faculty took up this feedback and grouped the students into three groups during the 18A semester and into two groups during the 18B semester.

with materials for a three-tower adsorption dehydration system, and this made me think hard and logically to be able to perform well, and I think all students should be given such opportunities”- Uduakabasi Idongesit Akpan The PFD of a natural gas dehydration plant whose model was produced by the students is shown in the figure below. In 18C semester, we are planning more challenging task for the students in addition to there workshop and laboratory work experience. The students would be making a power plant model for the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. In the future, we will be challenging the students to design and construct a renewable energy system to power the office of the Dean, FoE.

Dr Hezekiah Agogo, Fatima Balarabe llyasu, Dr Sunday Kanshio and the 18B SWEP cohort during project exhibition. On the left-hand side is model of a molecular sieve gas dehydration plant and on the righthand side is the model of a typical oil and gas flow station

The students designed and constructed the models based on a process flow diagrams (PFD) that they were provided with. The PFD is like an architectural drawing of a building, and it is one of the diagrams that engineers used during the construction of a process facility for oil and gas production. It was interesting how the students were able to produce the models from those diagrams. These models are now used as demonstration models for teaching courses such as drilling methods (PGE309) and Gas Separation and Equipment (PGE306). The models were constructed using inexpensive materials thereby saving the University significant money. The models are placed in the Petroleum and Gas Engineering Laboratory for class demonstration instead of relying on pictures. The students enjoyed doing this task as it was physical and mentally challenging but fun as testified below by one of the participants.

“This project opened me up to other areas which have built my intellectual capacity. I was physically challenged to come up

Process flow diagram (PFD) of a 3-bed molecular sieve dehydration unit

The Faculty of engineering is very dynamic and always looking forward to innovative ideas to give the student impactful learning experience beyond the usual. We are more than happy taking new ideas from any person as long as it is challenging enough for our students. We are already receiving great feedback from companies where our students are undergoing their 300 and 400-Level SIWES (Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme). We believe that the solid foundation we have provided our students with during the SWEP is manifesting. The faculty of engineering is located in the magnificent block D; you could come in at any time to see what our students are capable of doing.

*Dr Sunday Kanshio Is a lecturer and SWEP/SIWES Coordinator at the Faculty of Engineering.

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PLAY YOUR PART: START-UP COMPANIES CAN HELP NIGERIA *Kathleen OKAFOR Globalisation and digitization have undoubtedly, endowed many companies with humongous human, material and financial capabilities in the world economy. Consequently, companies like Apple, Google, Samsung, Toyota, Shell and our own Dangote, Guaranty Trust Bank, Zenith Bank have become richer than most national governments and even continents. For example, the market value of Apple is about $11 trillion.

Dangote’s profit for 2017 is N805.6 billion, Zenith Bank recorded N177.9 billion profit in 2017, Guaranty Trust Bank recorded N200 billion profit in 2017.

Apart from financial and economic growth, companies contribute immensely to the GDP’s of nations, provide employment, build infrastructure, embark on research and development, construct aircraft, produce energy, food, security etc. to augment government’s initiatives.

Structure In spite of the role of companies in the world economy, the basic structure of companies remains simple: • The Board of Directors at the apex, who must consist of at least two directors to run the affairs of the company; • A Company secretary is needed who may not be a lawyer or Chartered Accountant or Chartered Secretary unless the Company is a public company; • The shareholders must be at least 2 persons who must meet at least annually; • Also, an Audit Committee must be appointed by a public company.

Nevertheless, many people see floating a company as a tedious and expensive exercise. Many others are afraid to float companies because of ignorance of the basic requirements and legal tenets of corporate governance.

Types of Companies Universally, once a proposed company name is approved by the Corporate Affairs Commission and the memorandum and Articles of Association are registered, two directors appointed, the company becomes a separate legal entity different from the incorporators. Accordingly, the company will have power to operate in its own name, sue and be sued, borrow money, have perpetual succession, and the members will not be liable for any debts, risks or obligations of the company.

Furthermore, it is important to note that companies are either private or public. A Private company must not have more than 50 (fifty) shareholders and cannot invite the general public to subscribe to its shares. A public company must not restrict invitation to the public to subscribe to its shares. There are other types of business associations like Partnerships, Cooperative societies, business names, incorporated trustees, companies limited by guarantee. Any choice depends on the purpose or objects of the business e.g. professional bodies usually adopt the partnership model whilst foundations prefer incorporated trusteeships.

Directors It is a legal requirement that the company must have at least two directors since the company is an artificial legal person lacking human existence and must decide through meetings. By law, a director of a company is a person duly appointed to direct the affairs of the company. Thus, a student may be a shareholder and appoint his mother, wife, brother or sister as a director of his company. In law, the board of directors is treated as an entirely separate body from the corporate owners. The directors manage the company acting as a collective board. In so doing, the board need not pass resolutions on every issue. Rather, if all or a majority of the Board agree on an issue, it is as good as a formal resolution even without a formal meeting. This principle was settled in the case of Re Bonellis Telegraph & Co. Likewise, a unanimous assent of members to a resolution of a properly convened general meeting is valid and is called the Duomatic principle. In Wright v Atlas-Right Europe Ltd, an informal unanimous assent was effective to validate a contract.

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PLAY YOUR PART: START-UP COMPANIES CAN HELP NIGERIA *Kathleen OKAFOR

The Shareholders The law requires at least two shareholders only. The company’s shares are issued to raise funds.

The share in the company is the interest in a company’s share capital by a member who is entitled to share in the capital of such company. Unless the director is a shareholder, he cannot participate in the dividends of the company. Such a director is only entitled to a salary if he is an executive or full time employee. If the director is a non-executive, he is only entitled to sitting allowances.

Acquisition of membership in a company There are basically four ways to acquire membership of a company.  The subscribers to the memorandum of the company automatically become shareholders of incorporation;  By allotment by the company;  Transfer by another shareholder;  By transmission in the event of death of a shareholder to his estate administrators.

A Roadmap With digitization and knowledge economy, capitalisation can be practised without capital. The cost of incorporating a company with a share capital of N1 million can be as low as about thirty thousand naira.

The shareholders do not need to issue the entire capital of N1 million and can start business with as low as N50,000.00 (Fifty thousand naira), or N100,000. 00 (One hundred thousand naira) etc. To develop Nigeria, all hands must be on deck in terms of start-ups and MSMEs. Housewives, the unemployed, farmers, workers, students can augment their income through cottage industries’ whether it is in Zobo manufacturing, agro business, farming, tailoring, hairdressing, entertainment, fashion, export etc. The operational framework of companies is simple and can be used with ease. Everyone should jump on board of companies to create wealth. *Dr Kathleen Okafor is the Acting Dean of the Faculty of Law.

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COMMENCEMENT OF POSTGRADUATE PROGRAMMES AT BAZE UNIVERSITY Peter UMOH* In the maiden edition of Baze Focus, we reported our eagerness to start postgraduate (PG) programmes in January 2018 upon receipt of the National Universities’ Commission (NUC) nod to do so. The programmes were to be hosted by Departments in the Faculties of Management & Social Sciences as well as Computing and Applied Sciences. The expected approval from the NUC came through its letter dated November 21, 2017 in which the following 9 programmes were approved to commence in the 2017/2018 academic year:

Business Administration, MBA Business Management, MSc Economics, MSc Chemistry, MSc Mass Communication, MSc Sociology, MSc International Relations & Diplomacy, MSc Parasitology, MSc Animal & Environmental Science, MSc. The 9 programmes were to be run under what the NUC referred to as “Full-time Mode”, meaning that they were to run all days of the week as against the Executive Postgraduate programmes run on weekends.

In preparation for the take-off of the programmes, the Vice Chancellor inaugurated the Postgraduate Board on November 29, 2017 so that it could recommend programmes’ content, duration, fees, facilities, teaching staff and other requirements to the University Management and the Senate for appropriate approvals. Having got such approvals, the programmes were advertised through the print and electronic media for prospective applicants. Given these preparations, it was not possible to meet the January 2018 deadline we set to commence lectures. However, classes started on March 19, 2018 for students admitted to pursue Business Administration MBA, Business Management MSc and International Relations & Diplomacy MSc. It was necessary to encourage the staff and alumni of the University as well as working professionals in the city of Abuja to patronize the programmes. Consequently, the PG Board recommended competitive fees for the programmes with discounts for the University staff and alumni as well as installment payment of fees for the working professionals. The Board also recommended lecture hours that would allow the staff and professionals to attend classes without infringing the full-time mode of the programmes as approved by the NUC. The Board further recommended some flexibility in admissions to applicants with degrees in disciplines that are interrelated to the programmes offered. Having obtained the needed approvals from the University Management and the Senate, the PG School was greatly encouraged to commence the programmes.

Furthermore, the PG School had been much encouraged by the commitment and willingness of the Founder/Pro-Chancellor, Senator Y.D. Baba-Ahmed (PhD), in providing the needed enabling environment for the PG programmes. He personally visited the School to donate the second floor of the Environmental Sciences building for the PG programmes to commence lectures. He also ensured that the PG Common Room on that floor was furnished with befitting chairs, television and cable network connection.

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COMMENCEMENT OF POSTGRADUATE PROGRAMMES AT BAZE UNIVERSITY Peter UMOH*

The University is committed to running inclusive PG programmes however without compromising on academic standards. In this connection, we have applied to the NUC for approval to run several Postgraduate Diploma (PGD) Programmes which would allow their graduates to pursue our MSc and MBA programmes. We remain hopeful that the NUC will give early approval to our PGD applications so that candidates with Third Class first degrees and Higher National Diploma (HND) can pursue our MSc and MBA programmes on completion of the PGD. We have also sought approval from the NUC to expand our MSc offerings. Given the facilities and staff available in the University, the MSc in Accounting, Banking & Finance, Public Administration, Law and Computer Science are but some of the additional programmes we are ready to run and in which the public has shown interest.

It is necessary to state here some of the admission requirements for the programmes we are currently running for the benefit of prospective students:Possession of “0” level with at least five credit passes in relevant subjects as determined by the Department of study.

Possession of a first degree with second class lower division or first degree with Postgraduate Diploma or HND with Postgraduate Diploma.

Transcripts and favourable referees’ report.

NYSC discharge certificate.

In addition to the above, an applicant may be required as a condition for admission, to undergo such test as may be prescribed by the Department or Departments of his/her proposed programme, or take such other prerequisites or concurrent studies and examinations as may be prescribed, subject to the overall control of the Post Graduate School Board. *Professor Peter Umoh is the Deputy Vice Chancellor Academic & Dean, Postgraduate School.

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Report on the Open & Distance Learning (ODL) Workshop organized by the National Universities Commission in collaboration with University of London and hosted by Baze University from 3 rd – 5th July 2018.

Mani Ibrahim AHMAD* This workshop with the theme ‘Making ODL Happen” was organized by the National Universities Commission and the University of London (UoL) and was hosted by Baze University from 3 rd – 5th July 2018. The workshop was aimed at providing information, ideas, resources and support for participants to enable them to plan the next stage of the development of ODL in their institutions as well as help participants form networks that will continue to provide peer support thereafter.

The three-day workshop held from 8:00am to 6pm daily and there were ten sessions touching on goals, capabilities, policies, strategies, vision, practices, development of materials, quality assurance, industry relations management as well as the design of the courses. The top Management of Baze University attended the opening ceremony.

Baze University was an invited as a participant and more than 30 Universities offering ODL in Nigeria were represented. There were seven Resource Persons who conducted the workshop, these were: • Dr. David Baune, an Independent International Higher Education Researcher and consultant, a CDE Fellow; • Professor Stephen Brown, a Professor of Learning Technologies at Dc Mont Fort University, and Fellow of the Centre for Distance Education University; • Ibrahim El Mayet, a Business Manager – Middle East and Africa for the University of London.

• Dr. Akanimo Don. Specialist in Cross Boarder Education, fellow of Cambridge, Stanford and MIT as well as Adviser to the British Government on developing International Education Policy.

• Dr. Olamide E. Adesina – the Director Open and Distance Education, National Universities Commission.

• Professor Olugbemiro Jegede, founding Vice Chancellor of the National Open University of Nigeria, Emeritus Professor of Open and Distance Learning and immediate past Secretary General and CEO of Association of African Universities; • Professor Peter A. Okebukola, a Professor of Science and Computer Education and former Executive Secretary NUC. The participants at this workshop benefitted from the robust technical experiences of Resource persons to facilitate the development of strategies, policies and plans for quality ODL programmes in their various institutions. *Dr Mani Ibrahim Ahmad is the Director of Academic Planning

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Overview of Baze University Library System James O. DANIEL*

Picture Inset : Open Shelves & Journal Display at the Social Sciences Library

Preamble The history of Baze University Library complex and its collections parallels the history of the University itself. As the institution grew and the Faculties came on board in accordance with its strategic plan and the National University Commission’s approvals, the scope and nature of the Library’s collections developed. It became more physically distributed and expanded in complexity and richness according to disciplines and formats.

Baze University Library Mandate Apart from its primary responsibility of acquiring books, journals, research reports, preprints and a variety of other eresources, the Library has provided academic leadership in attaining the full life cycle of these intellectual resources through the selection, acquisition, organisation, access, maintenance, analysis, preservation, and dissemination of the cumulative intellectual repositories of human knowledge for study, teaching, research and leisure. From the beginning, Baze University has given priority to building an ultra-modern first-class Library, bearing in mind that a university can only be as good as its Library - ‘the Library being the heart-beat of any academic institution’.

Consequently, several prominent themes are evident in the less than one-decade history of the University Library complex and it has: • assumed the responsibility for building and managing the University’s cumulative collection in all areas of academic programmes offered; • maintained traditional collection strengths and complied with National University Commission’s academic programme needs and opportunities; and, • adopted new technologies and inter-institutional cooperation and exchanges for access to information resources and new ways of conceptualising the ‘Library Collection Development’; The Place of Baze University Library Complex Baze University Library has enjoyed enormous growth, which has brought fame and rapid development to teaching and research. The University Library provides day-to-day intellectual nutritional prerequisite of the mind and it is backed by an ample supply of recent books, current journals and subscriptions to e-library resources in the contemporary disciplines with adequate access to selected bibliographic and commercial databases. Currently there are six Faculty Libraries in the complex namely: Law, Management and Social Sciences, Computing and Applied Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Engineering, and Basic Medical Sciences. Each Library is situated in the building housing the faculty. The University Library enjoys copious access to the Internet 24/7 and the Library is literarily littered with dedicated e-library Desk Top computers for use by students and faculty.

A Peep into the Future of the Virtual Library World In the virtual world of today, the academic library like ours has the core responsibility to spread the digital fluency, Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things (IoT) to mention a few of the leading trends poised to impact and amplify the utility and reach of library services in the immediate years ahead. We are invigorated as librarians that our library is not just a vital pivot of scholarship but as a living organism, we advance and also move the society as a whole. The Library plays an important role as curators and purveyors of high-quality research, supported by innovative infrastructure.

The growing availability of research reports through online library databases is making it easier for students, faculty, and researchers to access and build upon existing ideas and work. Similarly, archiving the observations that lead to new ideas has become a critical part of disseminating knowledge, and the library intends to zero-in on these areas with our automated system.

The Library User-Centric Approach The Library now values the user experience and favours more user-centric approaches, leveraging data on patron touchpoints to identify needs and develop high-quality engaging experiences. We recognise patrons as Creators. Students, faculty, and researchers across disciplines are learning by making and creating rather than by simply consuming content. Creativity, as illustrated by the growth of user-generated videos, and crowd-funded projects in the past few years, is increasingly the means for active, hands-on learning. People now look to libraries to assist them and provide tools for skill building and constructing, thus making the library ever more important in the learning cycle.

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Overview of Baze University Library System James O. DANIEL*

Picture Inset : Open Shelves & Journal Display at the Social Sciences Library

The University Library Space and Cross-Institution Collaboration It has become pertinent to rethink the Library Space; now that discovery can occur anywhere, students are relying less and less on libraries as the sole source for accessing information, and more for finding a place to be productive. Consequently, institutional leaders must start to reflect on how the design of library spaces can better facilitate the face-toface interactions of its patrons. Cross-Institution Collaboration within the climate of shrinking budgets and increased focus on digital collections, enables libraries to improve access to scholarly materials and engage in mission-driven cooperative projects and scholarly communications in networked web environments. Through the Library, it is easy to institute and maintain research integration, interoperability, and interdisciplinary collaborative projects.

The Library and Digital Literacy The library is equally, best situated to improving digital literacy, which transcends gaining isolated technological skills to “generate a deeper understanding of the digital environment, enabling intuitive adaptation to new contexts, co-creation of content with others, and an awareness of both the freedom and risks that digital interactions entail. Libraries are positioned to lead efforts to develop students’ digital citizenship, ensuring mastery of responsible and appropriate technology use, including online identity, communication etiquette, intellectual rights and responsibilities.

Baze University Library Koha Integrated Library System Baze University Library has completed the automation of its resources using the Koha Integrated Library System, which supports all the functional requirements of the Library operations. Hitherto, the Library had relied on Librarika software, which has less capacity in terms of its Internet connectivity and volume of books. Koha ILS on the other hand captures acquisitions, cataloguing, circulation, serials management, reference services, reports, and all other hitherto manual library routines with Internet capability. The co-location of Baze Library resources in one digital database for easy campus/world-wide, virtual access through e-library devices like computers, laptops and other handheld apparatus is one of the major achievements in recent times.

Our Rich Library Resources Library resources are growing by the day, and we boast of over 15,000 volumes of printed books, journals and thesis with several thousands of e-books and e-journals. The University Library has the following e-resources by subscriptions: e-Granary, Ebsco Host, LexisNexis, Legalpedia, Hein Online, Law pavilion, e-newspapers. We are currently developing an Institutional Repository (IR) of students and staff research works for public access as one of our contributions to knowledge. Our vision is to set up and maintain a first-class library resource, second to none, where students and staff alike can “Learn to Live”. * Dr. James O. Daniel is the University Librarian.

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HIGHLIGHTS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES STUDENTS’ FIELD TRIP - 15th to 20th APRIL 2018 Peter OGEBE*

A Degree in the Biological Sciences is sealed with a field trip for final year students who get to spend time in the natural environment of plants and animals, without the comforts of a proper classroom, hostel accommodation, basic amenities or even food while dealing with inclement weather conditions for the most part. This is an account of a recent experience of the students of the Department of Biological Sciences at Baze University.

Students waiting for a lecture in Oli Camp.

Since the inception of the Department, student have been fortunate to go on several excursions and field trips, the most recent being 15th to 20th April 2018 organized by our team of field experts namely: Dr. Helen Negbenebor (Zoologist and Entomologist), Mr. Segun Olayanju (Botanist and Forester) and Ms. Zainab O. Adeiza (Zoologist, Conservation Biologist and Field Trip Coordinator). The choice of field trip locations varies but in recent times we have chosen New Bussa in Niger State as our location. On this trip the first point of call was Oli Camp in Kainji Lake National Park (KLNP), Borgu sector - the nation’s premier National Park established in 1976 by the amalgamation of the two Games Reserve in Borgu and Zugurma.

Entrance gate of Kainji Lake National Park, with our students, staff and field guide 26

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES STUDENTS’ FIELD TRIP - 15th to 20th APRIL 2018 Peter OGEBE* Location and Area: Kainji Lake National Park (KLNP) is located in the northwest central part of the country between latitude 9° 40’N and 10°30’N and longitude 3°30’E and 5°50’E in Niger and Kwara states ,500km from Lagos and 385 km north east of Abuja the Federal Capital. An effectively Protected National Park with a total area of 5340.82Km² separated into two distinct noncontiguous sectors namely Borgu sector with an area of 3970.02Km² and Zugurma sector with an area of 1370.80Km² respectively.

The students were taught the history, establishment and significance of protected areas in Nigeria, experienced firsthand park protection and management policies and how to navigate a natural habitat while collecting data/specimens or game viewing bearing in mind that game viewing is a game of luck as most species are cryptic and presence can only be determined by their tracks and signs. Some of the animals sighted were various species of birds (ground hornbill); herbivores (buffalos & hippos); Carnivores (jackals & lions) as well as several reptiles.

Carpet Viper - a highly poisonous snake on the prowl: essence of appropriate field clothes!

Hippos in Oli River

Got lucky!!! Lion in the thickets… Wild animals are cryptic, could walk past them without even knowing!

Lion footprints - Sometimes you don’t see the animals, only their tracks and signs.

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HIGHLIGHTS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES STUDENTS’ FIELD TRIP - 15th to 20th APRIL 2018 Peter OGEBE*

Baboons a.k.a. Area Boys have gotten used to humans

Sample collection (Bivalve)

(habituated) - they come around the camps!

Students & staff at River Oli watching Hippos in water

Last day at Oli Camp with our Guides and Rangers.

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HIGHLIGHTS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES STUDENTS’ FIELD TRIP - 15th to 20th APRIL 2018 Peter OGEBE* A couple of days were spent at KLNP collecting data and specimens and left on the third day back to New Bussa town. In New Bussa, we went to the KLNP museum in Wawa, New Bussa where we got to see preserved specimens of animals found in the park but not seen at the time of visit.

(left to right): Preserved skins of Roan Antelope (largest antelope in

Nigeria), Western Hartebeest and Kob and skulls respectively. Other Herbivores in KLNP include: Duikers, Bush Bucks etc. Elephants once abundant, have been locally extinct in recent times.

Carnivores are essential in keeping the population of Herbivores in check and there is an abundant supply of carnivores such as: Lion, Civet cat, Serval cat, Jackal, Caracal, Hyena etc.

At the museum: Preserved crocodile skin

Listening to a brief talk by our Guide Mr. Taiye at the KLNP Museum.

Group photograph with museum staff and we got a surprise guest; the pet Ostrich of the museum

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HIGHLIGHTS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES STUDENTS’ FIELD TRIP - 15th to 20th APRIL 2018 Peter OGEBE*

In New Bussa we visited NIFFR (National Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research) and were taken through the library biotechnology, limnology and hatchery departments. Highlight of visit was learning to select for the sexes (male or female) of fish as well as step by step process of growing fish for commercial purposes and water quality determination/analysis.

We also visited Mainstream Energy (Established in 2011) which took over Kainji hydroelectric power plant (Established in 1968).

Listening to Talk on how biotechnology is applied in fisheries

Still at the hatchery unit

This power plant is the Nigeria’s oldest power plant generating power for the consumption of Nigeria and some surrounding countries. The students were taken round to see the steps involved in power generation, transmission and distribution. The students queried the lack of adequate power supply in the country, incessant outages and low/fluctuating currents, vandalisms, accidents and safety precautions where our guides gave some interesting responses.

Briefed on safety & precaution protocols, then Site visits with our guides 30

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES STUDENTS’ FIELD TRIP - 15th to 20th APRIL 2018 Peter OGEBE* Finally, we visited The Federal College of Wildlife Management, New-Bussa which was established in 1978 to train technical and sub-technical staff in the area of Wildlife conservation and management. Here the students were taken through the various departments and the mini zoo which serves to provide live specimens to study. Some of the animals seen are:

Male and female crocodiles at the mini zoo of the Federal College of Wildlife; they rear the crocodiles and sell the offspring to generate funds (At the

Patas Monkey

At the end of this field trip, the students were able to learn, understand and engage in the practical applications of Biological Sciences especially biodiversity conservation, its value both direct and indirect, current challenges facing biodiversity, ways to mitigate them and why it is of utmost importance to begin to take actions in reversing the negative trends affecting our biodiversity if we are to secure it for posterity. Some other students were able to go a step further in deciding future career paths.

Gratitude We thank all the institutions whose facilities and staff made this field experience possible and Baze University for prioritizing standard and supporting us through the years.

*Professor Peter Ogebe was the immediate past Dean of the Faculty of Computing & Applied Sciences.

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A PEACEFUL NIGERIA IS ACHIEVABLE Aghedo, OSHIOREAMHE* According to the 2018 World Global Peace Index (GPI), Nigeria is the 16 th least peaceful country in the world. This report ranked Nigeria 148 out of 163 countries surveyed. While this may not absolutely represent our current peace narrative, its revelations should still worry any rightthinking mind.

The fact that there are some countries on earth – like Iceland, New Zealand, Austria, etc, according to the report, that are adjudged to be the most peaceful nations on earth, brings some burning questions to mind as to what such countries are doing differently to achieve the high level of peace they currently enjoy.

The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines peace as “freedom from civil disturbance; a state of security or order within a community provided for by law or custom; a state or period of mutual concord between governments; a pact or agreement to end hostilities between those who have been at war or in a state of enmity.”

With over 250 Ethnic Tribes; Nigeria, a country with immense diversity and potentials, known for rich cultural heritage, benevolence, great hospitality, and a once united country, is now unfortunately seen as a largely violent, chaotic, and unsafe nation. Incidentally, this has not always been our collective narrative.

Perhaps the imperative questions at this point are: why does peace appear elusive in Nigeria? how can we achieve peace in Nigeria? Below are my thoughts: To achieve peace in Nigeria, we must tackle insecurity by economically empowering our youths to be productively integrated into our common wealth system. No one should be left out either by reason of tribe or religion or any other inclination. No one should be made to feel less important because of the part of the country he/she comes from. Bridges of peace and good neighborliness must be built across the various divides. Governments at all levels must make conscious effort to operate an allinclusive administration as a conflict preventive mechanism. Government’s political, economic, democratic, and administrative institutions must be strengthened and made to endure. The more entrenched they are, the more appealing our collective future will be.

To achieve peace in Nigeria we must consciously and scientifically revamp and redesign our educational system to align with global best practices. Nigeria is blessed with some of the brightest minds on earth. Like Singapore, Nigeria can rise above her current educational reality by putting deliberate educational policies in place and ensuring complete implementation compliance. These policies are capable of favourably changing the educational fortune of our youths, and by extension, our nation. An educated mind that is productively engaged is most unlikely to be involved in perpetrating violence.

To achieve peace in Nigeria, we must encourage reconciliation and peace-building. Reconciliation will help heal the wounds of war and violence and bring about forgiveness and justice which are essential ingredients of peace. The crises experienced so far in Nigeria have generated mistrust 32

A PEACEFUL NIGERIA IS ACHIEVABLE Aghedo, OSHIOREAMHE* among citizens. A proper reconciliatory orientation campaign should be diligently and comprehensively implemented by Governments at all levels. Civil Societies, faith-based organizations, and non-governmental organizations will be needed to help rebuild citizens’ confidence in the viability of Nigeria. Governments at all levels must embrace peace-building strategies by addressing the root causes and effects of conflict, preventing the recurrence of violence through reconciliation and facilitating enduring peace, etc A peaceful Nigeria can be achieved when citizens collectively rise to fighting a common enemy – “The Corrupt Politician,” who appears to be our most common natural disaster. This we can achieve by using the power of our votes. We can collectively say “no” to the divisive tendencies of unscrupulous politicians by refusing to listen to their well rehearsed religious and tribal antics that have been used to divide us over the years. We can achieve this, when we all get more interested in politics and ensure that more credible citizens present themselves for elective offices. We must prevent political shenanigans from playing the vital role of determining the course of our collective future.

Peace is achievable in Nigeria if citizens take ownership of their collective security. Citizens can make the work of our security agencies easier by providing timely and qualitative information about crime and criminality. If the security agencies obtain intelligence information ahead of time, then citizens would have done their part. Everyone should perceive security problem that affects any group as a national problem and not as peculiar to the affected group alone. Let us all revert to our good old ways of being our brother’s keeper.

No doubt, conflicts are facts of life and are inevitable, what makes it positive or negative is the response of the citizenry. Conflicts can be resolved without violence, especially when parties engage in robust dialogue on pertinent issues. Dialogue must remain an essential tool to promote peaceful resolution of conflicts and cessation of hostilities in our communities. We need to be tolerant of each other as most conflicts come with enormous costs (loss of lives and property, emotional trauma, displacements, social and economic dysfunction, etc) for all members of the society.

Even when groups disagree on burning issues, violence must never be an acceptable way of settling grievances.

It is pertinent to note that without peace, our collective dreams of good governance, and sustainable development can never be realized. The high level of armed violence and insecurity has a negative impact on our nation’s development and collective aspirations. Over the decades, we have experienced ethno-religious crises, agitations, numerous conflicts, insecurity, war, violence, hardships and general systemic failure, but I am convinced that a “Peaceful Nigeria is an Achievable.” I believe that with dialogue and doggedness, Nigeria shall rise stronger and bolder to confront common enemies and take a rightful place in the comity of nations.

*Aghedo, Oshioreamhe is a Deputy Registrar and the Dean of Students Affairs.

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Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D): Are we really building the world we want with ICTs? Rislan Abdulazeez KANYA* Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is the application and usage of computers and its accessories and has become essential in modern society. The deployment of these technologies helps to process data efficiently and produce information that aids in the acquisition of knowledge for strategic and informed decisions.

The availability of ICT service in a community can assist in creating employment and generating income by providing a platform through which citizens can access public and commercial services or render their services to the prospective buyers. ICT when adopted as a platform for development is commonly referred to as Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D). It is widely accepted in the ICT4D literature that ICT can foster socio-economic development; however, the process through which this occurs remains unclear. Also, considering the nature of the vast availability and application of ICT project implementation across the development domain, the impact level, although significant, is still at a threshold level; this is because of the disconnection between ICT formulators, public sector reformers, and governance specialists.

This disconnection has resulted in high level of ICT intervention failure to deliver value to the wide range of stakeholders; to this end, ICT4D interventions are synonymous with failure, which is caused by the large gap that exists between design and the reality of the interventions. As a result of this large gap, only 15% of ICT projects in Africa are regarded as successful, 35% are total failures while 50% are partial failures according to Richard Heeks of University of Manchester. Also, according to the World Bank in 2011 about 70% of their ICT4D projects in Africa failed to achieve their objectives; in 2016, (seven years on), findings also revealed that though in many instances, digital technologies had boosted growth, expanded opportunities, and improved service delivery, yet aggregate impact is unevenly distributed and fall short of projected goals.

Nigeria has an estimated population of 195 million, with arguably the best GDP in Africa and among the top 20 in the global GDP ranking; with about 161 million active telephone lines, about 98 million internet users, and about 30 million social network users as projected by Nigerian National Communication Commission; our ranking in the global development and digital index falls below expectation. For example according to human development index of 2018, Nigeria is ranked 157 out of 189; In the Global Information Technology Index of 2018; Nigeria is ranked 119 out of 139 countries below Namibia, Botswana, Gambia, CĂ´te d'Ivoire and Senegal; Also ranked 143 out of 193 countries in the eGovernment Development Index and 117 out of 193 countries in the ePartcipation Index.

These indicators are worrisome and begs the question “are we really building the world we want with ICTs?�. While billions of under-privileged people in developing countries now have ICT access through mobile phones, the goal to make a better world with ICTs is yet to be realised.

This article is a call for Nigeria to transit beyond just availability of ICT infrastructures and services, it calls for ICT4D policy makers, academics and practitioners to critically assess whether ICTs are fostering inclusive and sustainable sociotechnical change. It posits the need to awaken ICT4D policy makers, academics and practitioners to re-position discussions into inclusive and innovative agendas that will facilitate change in planning, implementation and evaluation of organized human activities through ICTs. Lastly, this article also aims to reveals the need to center our research and development agendas to examine factors that enable and inhibit inclusive and sustainable development as well as the reduction of gaps between ICT policy design and implementation and to improve the notion of ICT4D project champion. *Dr. Rislan Abdulazeez Kanya is the Director IT Services

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THE STORY BEHIND THE BAZE UNIVERSITY ANTHEM

Tope OJEME*

On a beautiful morning, the Baze University community woke up to see a pregnant woman almost in full term; obviously carrying a University Anthem inside a heavily protruding stomach. An anthem is generally a patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions, and struggles of its people, recognized as the official song. Anthems are marches or hymns that evoke huge sentiments and passion.

Standing on the cusp of history from the vantage point of an experienced bureaucrat and technocrat, Dr. Jamila Shu’ara; innovative Director of Strategy and Special Duties (DS&SD) brought years of administrative experience into full glare to oversee the birth of the University Anthem.

As the pregnancy progressed, the Director constituted a Team of: Oshioreamhe Aghedo - Dean of Students Affairs; Dr. Amina Batagarawa - a lecturer; Andrew Bula - Poet and Lecturer; and Tope Ojeme - Musicologist, Lecturer and Anchor from the Department of Mass Communication, to oversee the last trimester of that pregnancy.

And when the signs of labour became apparent, clearly the DS&SD knew from experience that the process of birthing irrespective of the best preparations is fraught with unpredictable exigencies; (inclement weather, power outage, systemic failures of man trying to control machine), but like an experienced midwife, she emboldened the crew with a plan to weather the storm.

With blessings from top Management, the Team headed to the Labour Room to make adequate preparations for the safe delivery of the Baze University Anthem. Andrew Bula the poet in the house proposed the first words, then the Team after several reviews and inputs had words ready for music and Tope Ojeme the quintessential music director, changed words to music. The Team included Baze University students both former and current, with TJay David a final year student at that time and a Hip-hop musician coordinating his colleagues as they proposed some modifications.

With the head of the baby in-sight; DS&SD the midwife activated the Delivery Gear; Dr Abiodun Adeniyi, the Head, Department of Mass Communication and Tope Ojeme were mobilized as Traditional Birth Attendants, while other members of the Team were on standby to forestall eventualities.

The delivery was smooth, baby came out in perfect shape and form and was christened Live and Lead Baze University Anthem - a dream come true! The Anthem evokes strong emotions and deep sentiments about our collective attachment with Baze University, urging staff and students to learn to lead and learn to live and shine to glory as the morning sun. *Tope OJEME is an ace broadcaster, musicologist and lecturer at the Dept. of Mass Communication.

The Team that birthed the Baze Anthem 35

COPING MECHANISMS FOR GOOD MENTAL HEALTH V. Seember TARKA*

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Mental Health is a state of well-being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and is able to contribute to his or her community. Poor mental Health is the most neglected health issue and has also become a silent killer in today’s ever busy world with stress being the most significant contributor.

WHO states that ‘more than 300 million people around the world suffer from depression which is a leading cause of disability with many of these people suffering from symptoms of anxiety’. Stress and anxiety are symptoms related to poor mental health and experts state that about 7 million Nigerians suffer from stress and depression. The ‘tweenagers’ (10years-14years) and teenagers (13years-19years) are also not excluded from this scourge; schoolrelated issues and social media have further exacerbated their stress level. WHO says that, ‘half of all mental illness begins by the age of 14, but most cases go undetected and untreated’.

Sadly, in Nigeria, these statistics have not provoked any form of urgent government intervention; so many suffer in silence and fear to seek help because of stigmatization. However, in 1991, Nigeria instituted ad hoc mental health policies with components including advocacy, promotion, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation, but these policies have not been sustained because they are yet to be translated into law, despite spirited efforts.

A Mental Health Bill was introduced in the National Assembly in 2003, withdrawn in 2009; four years later it was reintroduced in 2013. The Bill seeks to protect the rights of persons with mental illness, give equal access to treatment and care, set standards for psychiatric practice in Nigeria and discourage stigma and discrimination against people with mental challenges. The Bill also gives the opportunity for voluntary and involuntary treatment, proper accreditation of practitioners and mechanisms to oversee involuntary admission and provision of mental health.

Unfortunately, by 2018, this Bill is still yet to be passed. The absence of legislation on mental health has given rise to exploitation by ‘unqualified’ practitioners, spiritualist and traditional healers who violate the rights of sufferers by using physically injurious and abusive methods of healing/treatment. Scenarios like these; discouraging as they are, should not deter or deplete our hopes for management and remediation as there are several ways of coping with mental health challenges and avoiding a total breakdown of activity in our day to day life.

According to Experts, ‘Stress is a normal physiological response’; ‘it is the way our bodies react to something that upsets our normal balance in life, such as when you feel frightened or threatened. When stressed, the human body releases adrenaline, your heart begins to pound (a normal heart beat doesn’t also mean you are not stressed), your blood pressure increases, your muscles begin to tense, and the pupil of your eyes start to dilate. Constant aches, pains, palpitations, anxiety, chronic fatigue, crying, over or under eating, frequent infections and decrease in sexual urge are all signs of a stressed-out body’. This is corroborated by the Baze University Psychiatrist who has constantly advised that it is important for all of us to pay attention to our bodies.

‘Stress is the body’s non-nonspecific response to any demand; caused by pleasant or unpleasant stimuli’. The Stresses of life are always out there waiting for all of us but how we respond to them is what causes us to triumph at the end of the day. There are numerous causes of stress - job pressures, financial challenges, health problems, educational pressures, bad relationships, sleep deprivation, media overload and poor nutrition. Stress statistics.com indicates some of the most insignificant (some might want to call it) causes of stress for some people to include:  Watching your phone fall into the toilet -100%  Tweeting a sensitive image instead of DMing (DM-direct message) it-73%  Your boss liking a Facebook book rant that’s about them -65%  Accidentally liking a photo while Facebook stalking -63%  Sending a sensitive text to a wrong person -63%  Getting a twitter follower by a work colleague -47%  Spotting a typo after the tweet has gone viral -45%  Accidentally adding a kiss on a text to your boss -45% Categories of stress and stressors  acute stress involves ‘fight or flight’. It prepares the body to defend itself and takes about 90 minutes for the metabolism to return to normal when the response is over; 36

COPING MECHANISMS FOR GOOD MENTAL HEALTH

by V. Seember Tarka*

Categories of stress and stressors  chronic stress involves the cost of our daily living which includes handling bills, raising children, going to school or work. This kind of stress is when ignored can eventually have an adverse effect on our health;  eustress is that stress that occurs in our daily lives with ‘positive connotations’ such as marriage, promotion, having a baby, graduation, making new friends or winning some money;  distress is stress that has ‘negative connotations’ such as divorce, injury, punishment, financial crisis, work challenges, unrealistic classroom demands, self esteem issues, loss of a loved one, disrupted families, peer pressure, poor grades, body image and negative feelings.

Coping Mechanisms Coping mechanisms are the ways we respond, adapt or manage external or internal stress. Psychologists explain the process of coping as ‘constantly changing cognitive and behavioural efforts to manage specific but tasking external and/or internal demands’.  Unhealthy or maladaptive coping mechanisms relieve the symptoms but never treat the root causes of the challenges. These mechanisms include excessive alcohol intake, substance abuse, caffeine consumption, overeating, gambling, media overload, compulsive spending, overworking, unhealthy competition, excessive sleeping (inducing via unprescribed drugs), smoking, and many more.  Healthy coping mechanisms: i. exercises (conclusive research shows that 150minutes of exercise per week reduces stress by lowering blood pressure, relieving muscle tension, improving mood and concentration), ii. right eating habits (unhealthy foods make you tired most times, eat more of nuts and less of ice cream), iii. smiling and laughter (laughter is good medicine while a smile is the best makeup; learn to wear it), iv. develop problem solving skills, learn to take a break from work/studies to relax, learn delegation of duties, let a little sunshine in your life (enjoy the outdoors, abandon your cozy air-conditioning room), know your strengths and weaknesses (it will help you shed the work overload); v. surrounding yourself with the right colours regarding your dressing and home décor (dark and dull colours are depressing); colours like orange (optimism), red (motivation), yellow (uplifting), green (harmony) help keeps you mentally vibrant; vi. practice deep breathing and meditation, set realistic goals, avoid being the ‘saviour’ of the world; vii. seek support (talk to a counsellor), and viii. connect with trusted family members.

WHO encourages the maintenance of good practices and proper intervention plan in the home and workplace to support young persons and adults: •implement and enforce good health and safety practices including identification of distress, •use of harmful psychoactive substances, illnesses and providing resources to manage them; •inform staff/family that support is available; •involve employees in decision-making, give everyone a sense of belonging; use organizational practices that support a healthy work-life balance; •initiate programmes for career development of employees; and •recognize and reward the contribution of employees.

As we celebrate the Mental Health Day on 10th October 2018; let’s spread this year’s theme which focuses on the mental health of young people by investing in programmes that create awareness on mental issues among adolescents and help peers, teachers and parents to know how to support them. Coping skills on mental health take practice and it is important to practice them until it becomes a way of life; so, what are you waiting for? Get started!

‘No health without mental health’. Start the conversation by visiting the Student Support Unit (SSU) at Baze University, Abuja. SSU…touching lives each day!!! *Mrs. V. Seember Tarka is a Counsellor & Head of the Students Support Unit.

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WOMANIST NOT FEMINIST

Rukayya Ibrahim IYAYI* From history, the nexus amongst females irrespective of their location in the world, has been the issue of male dominance in the society, otherwise known as patriarchy. Patriarchy rests on the norm that males are the first element of consideration in any situation in the society, while the female is considered a second choice, tag-along and segregated to an unfulfilled life. The collective reaction of women to the issue of patriarchy induced discrimination birthed the phenomenon of feminism and thereafter womanism.

Feminism is a female-centered phenomenon that focuses on equality of women and men and the deliberate empowerment of females in a patriarchal society. Initially, the goal of the feminist movement was to gain gender equality and suffrage for women based on the white woman’s perspective, that views their male counterpart as the primary enemy. History is replete with many instances of how white women were oppressed by white men.

Incidentally; women of color do not have the same antecedents or necessarily feel the same way as their white counterparts about males. Whereas white women have been oppressed by white men, women of the African Descent have always been equal to their male counterparts; historically both have been equal partners in the struggle against oppression.

As women in western countries gained political and economic grounds, feminism started to operate on the principle of gender equality, but this time, the focus shifted as colored and the poor women were regarded as unwanted because of differences of origin, race, ethnicity and class. Feminists sought to preserve their position of elitism and cultural imperialism and propagated the marginalization of colored women because they did not fit into the prescribed norms.

After the industrial revolution, feminism kept the axioms of imperialism alive by accepting and utilizing the ideology of individualism; hitherto, the pivot of colonial forces who designated superiority to the whites as subjects and coloreds as the inferior objects. As feminists rejected the parochial patriarchal policy from the men, they invariably built a feministic dominance at the expense of women of color, created unnecessary barriers, down played their achievements in arts, literature, sports or politics.

In early 1970’s and the period of the civil rights movements in the Americas, women of color or from African descent were not only suffering from political, social and financial inequalities created by the white masters due to their skin pigment, but they were also racially oppressed by their white sisters. The feminist movement of the white women failed to recognize the realities and perspectives of the African American Women’s suffering from slavery and segregation. Women of color do not accept feminism due to the negative views’ feminists have towards men. In the nineteenth century, since the white women refused to support the struggle of black women against white oppression, it became clear that there were two separate women’s movements on patriarchy. Invariably as humanity moved into the twentieth century, many women of color couldn’t associate with Feminism and found representation and succor with the new term “Womanist”.

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WOMANIST NOT FEMINIST

Rukayya Ibrahim IYAYI* Womanist promotes universalism, rather than separatism and is committed to the survival and wholeness of all people, including men. Womanist is not a new idea by any means; in fact, there is evidence of its origins in the texts of ancient Africa, especially the sacred wisdom of the Husia of ancient Egypt and the Odu Ifa of ancient Yorubaland. Concepts from the Husia, such as the divine inclusiveness of male and female principles, woman and man as the image of God and the concept of human customarily written with male and female characters in hieroglyphs, indicate the belief that women and men were equal by nature and divinity and must operate as such.

Womanists acknowledge the concept that by nature, man and woman are not the same; both have separate roles in the society and one cannot successfully take over the other’s role, but they complement each other; religiously as beings they are equal in the eyes of the creator and where any atom of deed is recorded good or bad, a man is not better than a woman in the eyes of the God. Womanism is centered on commitment to the survival and wholeness of an entire people thus it focuses more on equity, because gender equity is justice.

In many traditional African societies, politics is enshrined in kingship which is not only masculine as kings and queens ruled. In the South and West of the African continent, kingship is powerful and the rulers command great authority, but queens are also leaders of power in their right. In many cases, they exercise absolute veto in matters relating to kingship. For example, among the Akan people of West Africa, kings are installed by the approval of the queen mother. Without her consent, no one rules as a king and this also applies to the removal of the king. The queen advises the king on matters of kingship. History records several African queen warriors: Queen Amina of Zaria in Nigeria helped to expand and solidify the Zazzau kingdom; Candace of Ethiopia was a powerful military queen; Yaa Asantewaa of the Ashante people of Ghana led the Ashante army against the colonial British military.

In today’s Africa, many women continue to influence socio-economic and political policies; there are countless independent women who created wealth from their own pursuits in life. Credits no doubt go to the effect of female education. In Africa today, there are women entrepreneurs, professionals and even politicians from diverse educational fields either striving to survive on their own or in their marital homes.

Finally, the womanist appreciates self, culture, attitude, emotions and love others unconditionally irrespective of societal inhibitions that view feminine traits as signs of weakness and inferiority. The womanist insists that far from being inferior, woman’s traits are not only laudable but fundamental to the survival of human race, and ensuring dignity and empowerment makes the whole woman and person, at peace with the world and self.

Rukayya Ibrahim IYAYI* is a Student Affairs Manager 39

Encouraging Female Participation in Sports Ibechi MATHEW*

Sports accomplishes the objectives of positive physical health, psychosocial development and acquisition of pscho-motor skills for participants irrespective of gender. It improves mental wellbeing, stress reactivity, academics and social capabilities of both genders. Research has shown that participation in school sports is not only beneficial for physical and mental development, but it improves social connectivity in youths. Many authors have opined that decline in performance in education can be improved through sports and games; most students who participate in sports have shown good academic results. Moreover, relief of mental tension, sense of well-being, sound health, entertainment and weight control are common benefits of participating in sporting activities.

In Nigeria females constitute nearly half of the total population but the reality is that ladies are rarely seen at the sports arena either as participants or as spectators. In most Universities, female participation in sports is low and it is of great concern to both the school managements and sports handlers. Some barriers to female participation in sporting activities include: male dominance, academic work load, religious beliefs, cultural inhibitions and absence of female coaches.

The culture of sport itself presents a problem because in third world countries, sporting activities are regarded as male oriented and dominated. Females are confronted with several problems on their way to participation in sports; girls, on average, have less self- confidence in their performance than boys and selfconfidence is important to fire the spirit of competition. The competitive element in sports turn off many girls and it is the reason why ‘aesthetic activities’, such as aerobics, gymnastics, yoga, are increasingly popular amongst girls and young women, while traditional team sports are less popular.

On religion, there is a misconception in some Muslim communities that sport is prohibited for the women folk, however the established reality is different. Studies have proven that sports and recreation are not forbidden for females in Islam, although they are encouraged to adhere to proper attire that do not overtly expose body parts. In many Muslim societies, popular sports for females include races and running events, horse and camel riding and racing, swimming, archery, fencing, wrestling, weight lifting, high jumping, and stone tossing.

Baze University is not an exception in low female participation in sporting activities, and despite several incentives put in place by Management, it has been an uphill task. For instance, it is on record that the following strategies are in place: • extension of work hours for sports officers to encourage interested students benefit from professional supervision; • provision of separate gymnasiums and recreational facilities in the male and female hostels - Table tennis, snookers boards, Squash courts etc; • engagement of female coaches and officials to encourage female participation and to manage gender differences; • commencement of fitness and aerobic exercises to encourage female participation; • flexibility in the choice of sports clothing that do not offend religious or personal sentiments by females; • exclusive female intra and extra-murals sports competitions (badminton, volleyball) with sister universities.

This is therefore a clarion call to all Baze female students to come out freely and participate in sport activities without limitations as there are no constraints inhibiting their participation. The University has provided the enabling environment; and students especially ladies are encouraged to maximize this opportunity. *Ibechi Mathew is a Senior Coach in the University.

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ENHANCING CAMPUS SECURITY Ibrahim Ahmad KATSINA* In view of the emerging trends of security challenges across the country in general, and FCT in particular, the attention of all staff, students and other members of the Baze University community is hereby drawn to the need to ensure effective security and safety of lives and properties. Consequently, with effect from 5 th July, 2018, Management has directed that all staff and students of Baze University must comply with the following security advisory: • Staff and Students must wear ID cards as a basis for entry and free movement within campus; • All visitors to the University must be fully documented at entry points and also carry along ‘Visitors ID’; • Staff and Students should try to avoid night outings, in order not to fall victims of criminal elements; • Staff and Students must be security conscious anywhere and everywhere so as to counter the activities of men of the underworld; • The pictures of any student returning to the campus after 12:00 midnight will be taken, and documented for safety reasons; • Staff going out or coming into the campus from 12:00 midnight should ensure documentation at the security main gate.

OUTSIDE THE CAMPUS: Avoid unnecessary confrontation with law enforcement agents, to forestall unpleasant outcome; When stopped by security personnel for checks, be calm, and identify yourself properly; Avoid leaving or coming back to the University campus during late hours; Avoid association with people of questionable character; Always be security conscious, and avoid lonely routes especially at night; Do not abuse drugs or use harmful substances. . *Ibrahim Ahmad KATSINA is the Chief Security Officer of the University.

A formation of Security Officers at Baze University 41

CONDUCTING YOURSELF IN THE 2IST CENTURY

Eugenia ABU*

I am absolutely delighted to have been invited to speak to you today on a truly important area of our lives which is manners and etiquette. Long ignored it has come to define us all in the 21 st century. My greatest joy is to be part of a movement that believes that no matter how beautiful you are, no matter how interesting or brilliant you are, if you do not have no manners, you truly do not become that person rare to find these days that is described as ‘beautiful inside out’. I will more often than not give tips as I go along but will also deal with this topic from an anecdotal point of view.

Etiquette is the total sum of good conduct so that, wherever you are, it agrees with the social code of your environment.

Part of etiquette is complying with societal rules in order to prevent a breakdown of law and order, be it at school, home, market or even in the hospital. If you have ever flown between one city and another, you will notice that there are aviation etiquettes; you are not allowed to pull down your window blinds at takeoff and at landing. If you want to fly, you will comply with those rules or you will be ejected from the Aircraft. You also have dressing etiquettes, travel etiquette, relationship etiquette, etcetera.

Etiquette include manners and positive cultural ethos like greeting your elders, appropriate dressing, general conduct in a public space. Only recently I was reading a magazine where a lot of attitudinal problems relating to the younger generation was addressed and at first I was shocked because the title of the article was The New Rude. It highlighted behaviors of persons at Bus Stops and Train Stations including self-entitlement to a space; rowdiness; use of abusive language for no reason whatsoever, rudeness and even reading a newspaper over someone’s shoulder. If you conduct yourself properly, you will be respected by your peers, your superiors and your juniors and you will go very far.

Let’s take a look at some of the things that count as good conduct and minuses:



Respect for others: For ladies, I find this a tough area in the sense that this conduct often irritates other people around you and it is a big minus on the perpetrator. You walk into a room and you are speaking very loudly on the phone or you put on a better than all attitude, or even jump the queue. It is commonsense to respect other people’s spaces and their sensibilities.

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Greetings: I find it alarming, when I see someone walk into a room, with people seated and breeze past everyone without a simple courtesy of greeting. It is good manners to show some respect; as Africans we are well cultured, respectful and friendly.

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Foul Language: As a lady, it is in your own interest not to swear or use inappropriate language, whether at home or in the public space. All our faith books tell us to speak properly and not spend time abusing people.

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Drugs and alcohol: These tools trigger anti-social behaviors, more often than help the user because when under the influence of drugs or alcohol, be sure you already have lost control of the situation.

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Appropriate dressing: Being a lady means decent dressing, anything contrary makes you look ridiculous, unserious and fickle.

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Social media management: This area has ensured that we are all learning new things and sharing a whole lot with others. It is better to restrict the kind of information you put in the public domain about yourself. Be frugal about placing sensitive information on the internet.

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Dinning etiquette: This is an area we hardly pay attention to and we should because it can decide whether you are getting the job or not or whether you are getting the promotion or laid off because of anti-social behavior.

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Interview etiquette: First rule is not to sit down unless you are offered a seat. Sit straight, look up, buttons should not miss on your shirt or blouse. Do not look tacky, first impression matters.

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Make –up etiquette: ladies remember less is more. Do not paint your face to work; you can reserve that for a dinner date.

Phone manners: This is such a critical area of etiquette that we must pause to talk at length about it. It is rude to answer a call with who is it? A simple hello in reply to a caller’s hello won’t do any harm, please.

Time etiquette: Respect the use of other people’s time. There is nothing like African Time; it is foolish people’s time.

I attended the Queen of Apostle’s College Kaduna now known as Queen Amina College Kaduna. From the first day in school, even the way you walk was assessed, you were not allowed to shout, you speak like a lady and deferred to hierarchy. Remember these three magic words: sorry, thank you and please. Some quotes to wrap this up.

“Goodness is about character-integrity, honesty, kindness, generosity, moral courage and the like. More than anything else, it is about how we treat other people” Dennis Prager. “Friends and good manners will carry you where money won’t go” Margaret Walker. “Good manners will open doors that best education cannot” Clarence Thomas.

Conducting yourself in the 21st century requires enormous social skills in the face of a barrage of media images which sometimes tell us otherwise. Groom yourself to be proper. In 20 years it will pay you back. If you are of bad conduct, no university will ever graduate you, that is why they give you a degree for character and learning. Be mindful, you are a lady, the whole world is watching you.

I thank you for your attention.

Above is an Excerpt from a paper delivered at the Baze University Ladies Time-out in June 2018. Mrs Eugenia Abu retired as an Executive Director at the Nigerian Television Authority. She is an accomplished Broadcast Executive, Multimedia strategist & Columnist.

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ENGLISH IS AN INTERESTING LANGUAGE For all of you who wonder why folks from other countries have a bit of trouble with the English language; this is a clever piece put together by an English teacher, who else?

Homographs are words of like spelling but with more than one meaning. A homograph that is also pronounced differently is a heteronym.* You think English is easy?? Try reading out loud all the way to the end.... the denouement is best of all!!

1. The bandage was *wound* around the *wound.* 2. The farm was used to *produce produce*.

3. The dump was so full that it had to *refuse* more *refuse.* 4. We must *polish* the *Polish* furniture.

5. He could *lead* if he would get the *lead* out.

6. The soldier decided to *desert* his dessert in the *desert.* 7. Since there is no time like the *present,* he thought it was time to *present* the *present.* 8. A *bass* was painted on the head of the *bass* drum.

9. When shot at the *dove* *dove* into the bushes.

10. I did not *object* to the *object*.

11. The insurance was *invalid* to the *invalid*.

12. There was a *row* among the oarsmen about how to *row*.

13. They were too *close* to the door to *close* it.

14. The buck *does* funny things when the *does* are present.

15. A seamstress and a *sewer* fell down into the *sewer* line.

16. To help with planting, the farmer taught his *sow* to *sow*.

17. The *wind* was too strong to *wind* the sail.

18. Upon seeing the *tear* in the painting, I shed a *tear*.

19. I had to *subject* the *subject* to a series of tests.

20. How can I *intimate* this to my most *intimate* friend.

There is no egg in eggplant, nor ham in hamburger; neither apple nor pine in a pineapple. English muffins weren't invented in England or French fries in France. Sweetmeats are candies while sweetbreads, which aren't sweet, are meat. We take English for granted. But if we explore its paradoxes, we find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square and a guinea pig is neither from Guinea nor is it a pig.

And why is it that writers write but fingers don't fing, grocers don't groce and hammers don't ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth, why isn't the plural of booth, beeth? One goose, 2 geese. So one moose, 2 meese? One index, 2 indices? Doesn't it seem crazy that you can make amends but not one amend? If you have a bunch of odds and ends and get rid of all but one of them, what do you call it? If teachers taught, why didn't preachers praught? If a vegetarian eats vegetables, what does a humanitarian eat?

Perhaps English speakers should be banished to a world of their own for the verbally insane. In what language do people recite at a play and play at a recital? Ship by truck and send cargo by ship? Have noses that run and feet that smell? How can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? You have to marvel at the unique lunacy of a language in which your house can burn up as it burns down, in which you fill in a form by filling it out and in which, an alarm goes off by going on. English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of the human race, which, of course, is not a race at all. That is why, when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible. ( Hmm! Dis English Language Sef!!!!).

LAUGHTER IS THE BEST MEDICINE Teacher: How do we keep our school clean?

Pupil: By staying at home…….

Teacher: John is climbing the tree to pick some mangoes. (Begin the sentence with mangoes) Student: Mangoes, John is coming to pick you …..

Teacher: 3 kids born at the same time are called Triplet. What do you call a single baby?

Student: Singlet!

Dear Mathematics, How long are you going to be like this? Please grow up and start solving your problems yourself. I have enough problems of my own.!

Teacher: Used Pampers must be folded before disposal (Another sentence) Student: Pampers used folding the must ……...

Question: What plates do they use on the Planet called Venus?

Answer: Flying Saucers Dad: Where does Grandma live?

3 year Old: In the Airport, you always pick her and drop her there!

Dad: What do lawyers wear to Court?

Kid: Lawsuits Mum: Wash all fruits before eating. What is worse than finding a worm in your Apple?

Son: Finding the half worm!

Old man: What do you call mosquitoes in your language?

Boy: Oh no sir. we don’t call them, they come on their own…..

Wife: Please give me money to buy the wrapper your friend bought for his wife.

Husband: Darling, I can’t afford that! You know all the fingers are not equal?

Wife: Oh! But why must your own fingers be the shortest amongst your friends?

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CAMPUS LIFE IN PICTURES PRESIDENT STUDENTS’ REPRESENTATIVE COUNCIL (2018)

RABI BELLO MOHAMMED (ID No: BU/16B/BS/1943) E-mail: rabi1943@bazeuniversity.edu.ng On August 8th 2018, Rabi Mohammed made history in Baze University and was sworn in as the 2nd President of the Students’ Representative Council after a fierce election. She is the first of five siblings and had her nursery, primary and the first part of secondary education at the Essence international School in Kaduna state.

She attended El-Amin international school Minna, Niger state for SS1-3 and did a foundation iat the Bellerby’s college, Brighton and Hove in the UK. She went to Middlesex university, Hendon Campus in London and later transferred to Baze University. She is is pursuing a degree in Business Studies, from Dutse in Jigawa State, and married with three children. Her hobbies are Reading , Travelling, and Community service.

Goals for the SRC: To create a student body that has a symbiotic relationship with the school administration and support maximum utilization of the creative talents of students, and foster democracy through effective representation, greater participation and accountability. .

EXECUTIVE MEMBERS OF THE BAZE UNIVERITY STUDENTS’ REPRESENTATIVE COUNCIL (2018)

S/N 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

NAME Rabi Bello Mohammed Mustapha Babayo Nafeesa Abubakar Sidi Abdulazeez Awe Muhammad Kabir Immanuella Alalibo Muhammad Abubakar Muhammad Abdulaziz Al-Amin Abba Kabir Michael Yekele Ogbuigwe Abubakar Abdulhameed Daniel U Ogbuigwe Robert Jephtah Daniel

REG NUMBER BU/16B/BS/1943 BU/16C/BS/2040 BU/16C/BS/2377 BU/17A/LAW/2504 BU/17C/BS/2799 BU/16C/LAW/1983 BU/16C/IT/2278 BU/16C/IT/2274 BU/16C/BS/2141 BU/16C/BS/2113 BU/16C/ENG/2054 BU/16C/ENG/2117 BU/16C/SCI/2200

POSITION President Secretary General Financial Secretary Director Socials Treasurer Director Sports Senator (Computing & Applied Sc.) Senator (Computing & Applied Sc.) Senator (Mangt. & Social science) Senator (Mangt. & Social science) Senator (Engineering) Senator (Engineering) PRO 44

CAMPUS LIFE IN PICTURES 2018 Baze 3D Essay Competition

Best Entry - Nigeria: A nation at war against itself Essay identifies personal and group interest as major drivers of power, policies and implementation in Nigeria. To achieve the Nigeria of our dreams, it postulates that citizens must translate diversity and group interests into positive nationalistic goals that are achievable for the greater good of the nation and its people.

Name: Chimdi Deborah Neliaku ID: BU/16A/LAW/1865 Department: Law Email: dneliaku@yahoo.com About myself: I was born on the 31st of December 1997, am single and hail from Njikoka Local Government of Anambra State. I am currently a 500-level Law student and the President of the Law Students’ Association (LAWSA), Baze University Chapter. I attended International Community Secondary School, Abuja and I am the Organizing Secretary for the Social Democratic Party (SDP) of AMAC. I run my own Bakery and Catering Outfit, TasteMe Confectioneries Ltd. in Abuja. Hobbies: Reading books (especially on Conspiracy theories!) and playing Subway Surfers.

How I felt when I was informed that my essay was adjudged the best: I was very happy to learn that my Essay was adjudged the best. It is rewarding to know that my hard work, dedication and keen attention to details are recognized.

Future Goals: To become a renowned lawyer and Senior Advocate of Nigeria, a leading entrepreneur with global reach, an impactful educator, a philanthropist, an amazing wife and mother and an exemplary stateswoman!

Miss Baze University 2018 Name: Haneefa Audie Mohammed ID: BU/16B/BS/1960 Department: Psychology Department Email: haneefaudie@live.com Bio Data Date of Birth: 20th November 1998 Marital Status: Single Nationality: Nigerian State of Origin: Kaduna State LGA: Zaria About Myself: I attended Essence International School, Kaduna. I am a level 400 Psychology Student at Baze University Abuja. An Entrepreneur and also a Polo Player, I started riding at the age of 10 in my home town (Kaduna). I have played tournaments in Kaduna, Kano & Abuja.

Hobbies include: Horse Riding, Polo & Swimming Future goals: To establish an Orphanage and expand my clothing line into an international Couture.

BAZE UNIVERSITY AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINAIRE Ms Nabilah Sani Mohammed (BU/15A/LAW/1525) She graduated from the Baze University Faculty of law, in 2017 . Just completed a Master’s Degree of LLM at the Penn State University Law School, USA. According to Dr. Steve Barnes, the Assistant Dean for Graduate and International Programmes at the Penn State University Law School ‘Nabilah, excelled in the classroom as a student and leader, looks out for others, represented her family, Baze University, Nigeria and the African Continent with distinction’ In further recognition of this academic excellence, Penn State University also offered, tuition free scholarships to three other prospective students from Baze University.

Baze University Management is elated and proud of this Alumnus and has approved her recognition as “Ambassador Extraordinaire” of the University, for a period of two years. This recognition entitles her to a Certificate, a Plaque, a mention at the next Convocation ceremony and a spot in Baze Focus Magazine.

Nabilah was born on 24th Feb 1990 and hails from Bauchi in Bauchi State. She is single and currently serving the mandatory National Youth Service Corp scheme. Her Hobbies include Travelling, Research and Community work and believes in the saying “no pain, no gain”.

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Baze University PANORAMA: Editor’s Gallery

Baze Panorama is a weekly on-line pictorial magazine that brings major activities of Baze University to members of the community.

46

Baze University PANORAMA: Editor’s Gallery

Baze Panorama is a weekly on-line pictorial magazine that brings major activities of Baze University to members of the community.

47

Baze University PANORAMA: Editor’s Gallery

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BAZE UNIVERSITY ALUMNI Calling on Baze Alumni - Join the family.

Are you a graduate of Baze University? Where are you now and what are you doing? I write to let you know that you are a huge part of the Baze University Family. We miss you and want you to:

• • •

connect with other Baze Alumni who live and work across the globe, making significant contributions in the fields of business, industry, government, education, research, culture and community; collaborate with Baze Alumni to advance your career, grow your business, support students and research efforts as we proffer and develop solutions to pressing global issues; contribute your knowledge, time and resources to assist Baze University respond to the needs and opportunities that arise; including providing support for students, proposing teaching and learning initiatives and community engagement.

Umar Dayyabu (Class 2015) Interim President, Baze University Alumni

BAZE UNIVERSITY ALUMNI Happy Homecoming to all our Alumnus/ Alumnae!!!

Congratulations & Hearty Cheers to our Class of 2018 Join the Alumni and participate actively for the sake of your Alma Mater Connect to register Email: alumni@bazeuniversity.edu.ng Website www.alumni.bazeuniversity.edu.ng WhatsApp group +2349059903718 49

POETRY CORNER AN ODE TO FEARLESS WOMEN

Presence & Space Andrew Bula*

How best can my verse picture presence Whose picture is you and me?

And all else there is.

It’s often side by side with space -The latter, a container of the other.

When then you meet presence, the human I mean, Treat with regard--the best of the spirit in place!

And be sure to grant in fair play needed space.

Thus sweeping off harm as would a broom dirt.

For to hurt before repairing still leaves something ugly, A bad mark or a hurt memory devoid of total mend.

Thus should we apply caution, giving presence due room, And enriching thereby, the good earth we all people.

*Andrew Bula teaches Literature & English Language. He is

a poet, poetry performer, short story writer, essayist & film actor.

Now, here’s a man who understands women…….

William Golding British Novelist, Playwright, Poet & Nobel Laureate 1911– 1993 I think women are foolish to pretend they are equal to men.

They are far superior and always have been.

Whatever you give a woman, she will make greater.

If you give her sperm, she will give you a baby.

If you give her a house, she will give you a home.

If you give her groceries, she will give you a meal.

If you give her a smile, she will give you her heart.

She multiplies and enlarges what is given to her.

So, if you give her crap, be ready to receive a ton of shit!

TRUE!!!

I think your bones were made in an elsewhere place.

How else does one explain this inconceivable strength that makes you.

The way you look into danger’s mouth and see no cemetery or death.

Instead, carve your name into its teeth with a switchblade, defeat it so effortlessly and throw your head back and laugh.

Paradox girl, mighty woman, you are the thing that terrifies them.

Both monster and maiden, both cure and poison, all of these things, and at the same time human.

Defined by no man, you are your own story, blazing through the world, turning history into herstory.

And when they dare to tell you about all the things you cannot be, you smile and tell them, “I am both war and woman and you cannot stop me”

CONDOLENCE With heavy hearts and in evergreen memory, we announce the passage of: Our dear students: S/N First Name Middle Name Surname Gender 1.

Mohammed Salisu Umar M 2.

Fatima Musa Yashi F 3.

Okechuku Matthias Koso M 4.

Kola Daniel Olayode M

ID Number BU/11A/BS/0007 BU/12C/BS/0410 BU/13A/LAW/0623 BU/13C/BS/0785

Course Economics Economics Law Marketing

Our diligent staff: S/No. 1.

Name Halima Goni

Rank Assistant Lecturer Pioneer Acting Chairperson Baze Alumni

Gender F

Faculty/Dept Computing & Applied Sciences/ Computer Science

May their gentle souls rest in peace.

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Learn to live!

Aerial view of Baze University Abuja.

Baze University Abuja Plot 686, Cadastral Zone C 00, Jabi Airport Road Bypass (Ring Road), Behind National Judicial Institute, ABUJA, FCT, Nigeria. www.bazeuniversity.edu.ng inquiries@bazeuniversity.edu.ng admissions@bazeuniversity.edu.ng outreach@bazeuniversity.edu.ng +2348133769658 +2348133769657 51 www.bazeuniversity.edu.ng