Industry & University Collaboration in Japan
Atsushi Hashizume Director, Office of University Technology Transfer University-Industry Collaboration and Regional R&D Division Science and Technology Policy Bureau Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
Innovation System through Industry-University Collaboration in Japan z 1st S&T Basic Plan (1996) mentioned the importance of systematic industry-university collaboration. → From “researcher-company” collaboration to “universitycompany” collaboration z TLO (1998) and Japanese “Bayh-Dole act” (1999) was introduced. z The reform of national university system was conducted in 2004. z “Contribution to society” became one of the missions of national universities in the Fundamental Law of Education in 2006. z Japanese universities established their industry-university collaboration system. - Over 200 universities have their own offices for industry-university collaboration. - 42 TLOs are working with universities. - 67 universities have been supported by MEXT programs for their activities on industry-university collaboration. 1
Statistics (1) Patent Applications
Joint Research (Cases)
(Billion yen)
revenue
50 13,790
40
14,974
14,779
15,000
11,054
12,000
30 20 10
29
34
31
30
31
0 FY2006
FY2007
FY2008
8,527 8,000
9,000
6,000
6,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
FY2009
1,330
0
FY2010
revenue
15
6,179
6,005
case
5,945
6,185
1,808
6,065
10
(Cases)
(Billion yen)
8,000
1.6
5
12
11
11
10
0
6,000
FY2006
FY2007
FY2008
FY2009
2,002
2,185
2,455
6,882
6,980
6,799
6,490
FY2005
FY2006
FY2007
FY2008
FY2009
FY2010
revenue
2,000
FY2010
(Cases)
case
6,000 4,968 4,234
1.2
5,000
4,527
4,000
3,532
3,000
0.8 0.6
0 FY2005
8,675
1.4
4,000 12
8,801
7,282
1.0
12
2,987
Licenses (Patents)
20 6,292
9,435
9,090
7,197
Contracted Research (Billion yen)
foreign
9,869
10,000
0 FY2005
domestic
18,000
15,544
12,489
25
(Cases) 12,000
case
2,409
0.4
1,103
0.2
0.6
2,000
0.8
0.8
1.0
0.9
1.4
FY2006
FY2007
FY2008
FY2009
FY2010
1,000
0.0
0 FY2005
2
Statistics (2) z Amount of funds received from the private sector totally increases over 5 years from \ 50,123M (FY2005) to ¥ 57,988M (FY2010) z However, licensing income stays almost same. < Amount of funds received by Universities from the private sector > （Million Yen）
70,000 60,000 50,000
Licensing income(Others) Licensing income(Patents) clinical trial sponsored reseach joint reseach
40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 [Survey by MEXT]
0 2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
3
Why is Industry-University Collaboration Important? z To create innovation and to make the Japanese economy more competitive z To transfer the outcome of university research to society z To develop new and/or interdisciplinary research areas z To develop human resources for the economy and society etc. 4
Mext Programs for Industry-University Collaboration MEXT Policy
ＪＳＴ Policy
【 Project for Developing Innovation Systems 】 - Regional Innovation Strategy Support Program Effectively support a high-quality locally led scheme to encourage regional innovation.
Outcomes of basic research
Local Governments Corporations
【 Infrastructure of industry-university- cooperation 】 ・University ・University Research Research administrator administrator 【 Support for patent applications 】
Universities
・JST ・JST support support center center for for technology technology transfer transfer ・JST support for overseas ・JST support for overseas patent patent applications applications
【Creating an environment conducive to beefing up support for commercialization 】 commercialization】 Project Project for for Creating Creating New New Industries Industries from from Universities Universities Set up a system to encourage innovation by Set up a system to encourage innovation by creating creating aa team team at at universities universities and and similar similar institutions institutions to to work work on on commercialization commercialization beginning beginning at at the the invention invention phase phase and and by by promoting promoting unified unified R&D R&D and and business business development. development.
Support for collaborative research (ideas-push) ・ A-STEP Adaptable and Seamless Technology Transfer Program through Target-Driven R&D
Support for top-down collaborative projects 1.
Large-scale and long-term R&D projects with consortiums
2.
Development of systems and technology for advanced measurement and analysis 3. Cooperative basic research projects to solve problems in ndustry
5
Industry-University-Government Collaboration Strategy for Innovation (1) z Target: To establish an Innovation Ecosystem * Innovation Ecosystem: A sustainable system where the private sector, universities/research institutes and (national and local) government collaborate and compete with each other to produce innovation.
z MEXT advisory committee on industry-universitygovernment collaboration issued a report on measures to establish an Innovation Ecosystem in Japan on Sept. 7, 2010.
6
Industry-University-Government Collaboration Strategy for Innovation (2) z 3 sub-targets; 1. To create a knowledge circulation system through industry-university-government collaboration 2. To strengthen capacity of universities to collaborate with the private sector 3. To develop human resources for industry-universitygovernment collaboration
7
Industry-University-Government Cooperation Strategy for Innovation (3) 1. To create a knowledge circulation system through industry-university-government cooperation (1) Platform for knowledge creation - Universities and the private sector collaborate from the basic research stage. - Promote â&#x20AC;&#x153;Open Innovationâ&#x20AC;?.
(2) Collaborative support for start-ups - JST (Japan Science and Technology Agency) and INCJ (Innovation Network Corporation of Japan) provide collaborative support for start-ups in the early stages of R&D.
8
Industry-University-Government Collaboration Strategy for Innovation (4) 2. To strengthen capacity of universities to collaborate with the private sector (1) Network - Universities strengthen networks with other universities, research institutes, banks, and local governments in the same region or research area.
(2) More practical joint research - Universities and the private sector should improve their joint research methods (a clear shared image of the goal of the research; more flexible contracts; more flexible overheads, etc.).
(3) Promotion of university patents - JST will support the bundling of unused university patents. 9
Industry-University-Government Collaboration Strategy for Innovation (5) 3. To develop human resources for industry-universitygovernment collaboration (1) Educational programs for human resources for commercial sector and technology transfer - Universities, the private sector and government should collaborate to develop useful educational programs to foster human resources for the commercial sector and technology transfer.
(2) University research administrator - MEXT should support the training of university administrators and the establishment of research administration systems in universities which cover research strategy, research management, outreach activities, technology transfer, etc. 10