UK-Japan Symposium on Building International University-Business Links
Industry Needs What does industry need from universities? 11 January 2012 Kan Ogata Technology and Innovation Headquarters Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. 1
MHI Products Energy エネルギー Power Generation
CCS
IGCC
GTCC
ＭＲＪ
Aircraft 航空機
Space Development 宇宙開発
FBR GTL/CTL
発電
Transportation 交通輸送 Space 宇宙機器 Equipment Marine 海洋開発 Development
APWR
New Material 新材料 Application 利用技術 Technology
Wind 風車 Turbine
Innovative 革新的 Manufacturing 製造加工技術 Technology
Integrated Numerical 統合数値 Simulation シミュレーション
サプライチェーン Supply Chain Management Technology マネジメント技術
Energy Saving Technology 省エネルギー技術 Solar 太陽光
Energy Diversification エネルギー Technology 多様化技術
Biomass ﾊﾞｲｵﾏｽ
Geothermal 地熱
Energy Storage エネルギー Technology 貯蔵技術
Super High-Efficiency 超高効率ﾋｰﾄﾎﾟﾝﾌﾟ Heat Pump
Environmental 環境社会 Society
Divisions (16,000 staff) ・- Technical 事業所技術部門（16,000人） - 6 Research Centers (2,100 staff) ・- Use 研究所 6ヶ所（2,100人） of Advanced Scientific Technologies ・- Promotion 先端科学技術の活用 of Open Innovation ・ (Collaboration オープンイノベーションの推進 with Domestic/Overseas （国内外の大学、研究法人と連携） Universities and Research Institutes)
環境負荷 Environmental Load Reduction Technology 低減技術 リチウム Lithium-Ion Battery Environmental イオン電池 環境装置 System
Eco ｴｺｼｯﾌﾟ Vessel
Medical 医療機械 Equipment
未利用エネルギー Untapped Energy Application Technology 資源利用技術 Organic EL wakamaru 有機EL照明 Lighting
Ironwork
製鉄機械 Machinery
High-Speed
高速鉄道 Railway
Sales/Services 営業・サービス技術 Technology Next-Gen 次世代 LRT/APM LRT･APM
Sensor Intelligence センシング Technology 知能化技術
資源循環 Resource Recycling Technology 利用技術 Printing 印刷機械 Equipment
Next-Gen 次世代ﾌｫｰｸ Forklift Next-Gen 次世代 Automobile 自動車部品 Parts
Engineering 工作機械 Equipment
Industrial 産業インフラ Infrastructure
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Corporate R&D: Budget Cut, Shorter Timeframe, and Duplication •
Japan's corporate R&D spending decreased for two consecutive years following the Lehman Shock; total spending in 2009 was down 12 percent compared to previous year
•
The majority of R&D spending was devoted to improvement of existing technologies and only a small (and dwindling) portion was directed to mid- to long-term R&D projects that are key for future growth, causing concerns for a lack of innovations leading to ground-breaking product development; the amount spent on duplicated R&D efforts among various companies is significant
Shorter R&D Time Frame
R&D Budget Cut Approx.
Approx. 90% Improvement of existing technology
Commercially viable research
1-2% 10%
Non-continuous research
[Unit: trillion yen]
Improvement of existing technology (commercialization in less than 3 years) E.g., automobile model change, seasonal design change for mobile phones Further improvement required; commercial viability (commercialization in 5-10 years) E.g., organic EL, electric car, lithium-ion battery
High-difficult technology; commercial viability currently unclear (commercialization in more than 10 years) E.g., quantum dot solar cell, lithium-air battery, nanocarbon Estimate based on interviews of engineering executives of 50 companies with large R&D spending concerning ratio of three research categories
R&D Duplication with Other Companies Q: To the best of your knowledge, what is the percentage of your R&D projects that are duplicated with other company's?
Not duplicated 38%
Data based on Scientific Technology Research Report published by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
2010 Industrial Technology Research: Corporate Survey on Open Innovation (Number of respondents: 824)
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Public R&D • Recent public R&D projects are also facing shorter time frames; meanwhile, long-term projects conducted since the Oil Shock (e.g., Sunshine/Moonlight programs) are key factors in Japan's global lead in solar/fuel cell technologies • Collaboration across ministries and agencies including MEXT and METI (both responsible for base technology development) critical in public R&D projects Importance of Interagency Collaboration
Independent Development by Companies (1993- ) Implementations Using Government Subsidies: Approx. 300,000 Cases
Total Budget ¥129.5 Billion
System Development/ Verification Study, etc. Approx. ¥83 Billion
Independent Development by Companies (1990- )
Commercialization of Ene-Farm
World's First Household Fuel Cell
Moonlight Program
Spending: Approx. ¥63 Billion (1981-2000)
U.S.A. 13.95 trillion yen (2010)
- 1999-2007: World’s Largest Market Share for Nine Consecutive Years - 2009: Domestic Production of 1,500 MW (Approx. ¥500 Billion) Second Largest Market Share in the World (14.1%)
National Science Foundation 3%
Implementations Using Government Subsidies: Approx. 10,000 Cases
Implementation Subsidy Approx. ¥13 Billion (2009- )
Academic
Japan 3.6485 trillion yen (2011)
Universities 36%
MEXT 67% Other 8%
Photovoltaic Cell
Spending: Approx. ¥100 Billion (1974-1992)
Spending: Approx. ¥70 Billion (1993-2000)
U.S.-Japan Scientific Technology R&D Budget Comparisons
World’s Top Market Share (1999-2007)
Implementation Subsidy (Residential) Approx. ¥133 Billion (1994- )
Fuel Cells
First Oil Crisis (1973)
Total Budget ¥515.6 Billion
New Sunshine Program Total Budget: ¥354.7 Billion
Commercialization
METI 16%
Sunshine Program
Corporate Development Phase
Defense Dept. 54%
National R&D Project
National Institute of Health 20%
Key Public Projects
Commercialization NASA 8％
DOE 7%
MHLW 67% Other 7%
MOD 3% MAFF 3%
Data based on METI report
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Science: exploration of principles and truth - Uncertain commercial viability Technology: tool for practical applications
Science (Government Initiative)
Scientific Technology Innovativeness Uncertainty
Field of scientific technology: encompassing a wide range of disciplines from discovery (science) to application (technology)
High
Scientific Technology R&D
Low
- Contribution to prosperous and safe society
Innovative Technology for Change and Expansion of Industry Structure
Industry-Led Development of Necessary Technology
In 3-5 Yrs
Promising Technology That May Contribute to Human Progress (Commercial Viability Unclear)
Technology (Industry Initiative)
In 5-15 Yrs
15 Yrs –
Target Timeline
All areas of scientific technology R&D from science to technology to be promoted through collaboration and appropriate distribution of roles between industry, academia and government
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Role Distribution in Industry/Academia/Government Collaboration
Government 1. Establish scientific technology strategy with clear vision for the future 2. Clarify R&D focus areas in accordance with strategy, secure appropriate budget, coordinate infrastructure
Academia
Industry
1. Create innovative ideas and bring together various knowledge domains
1. Transform science into practical application through services, products and technologies that benefit society
2. Foster high-achieving individuals capable of succeeding in the world
2. Promote R&D, collaborate with national research institutes and universities, and mutually review and exploit the benefits of research outcomes
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Industry/Academia/Government R&D Example: Gas Turbine Target:
Development of element technology capable of achieving combined generation efficiency of 56 percent and verification of system feasibility
Development time frame: 4 years (FY2008-2011), ongoing from FY 2012 Development team:
METI, ANRE, MEXT, NIMS (interagency collaboration project) Osaka U, Kyushu U, U of Tokyo, Hokkaido U, Osaka Inst. of Technology Elemental Technology Development for Gas Turbine
Turbine
Compressor
High-Performance Cooling System Low-Thermal-Conductivity Thermal Barrier Coating Super Heat-Resistant Material Development* High-Load/High-Performance Turbine
High-Pressure/High-Performance Compressor
*MEXT Initiative
Low NOx
Combustor Combustion System EGR: Exhaust Gas Recirculation
METI
MHI
Commission/ Joint Research
Support: 2/3 Collaboration
Osaka U (Thermal Transmission) Kyushu U (Compressor Gausing Technology) Hokkaido U (Tokyo U) (Combustion Simulation) Osaka Institute of Technology (Turbine Aerodynamics)
Collaboration
MEXT
NIMS (High Thermal Resistant Material)
Kyoto U (High Thermal Resistant Material)
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Expectations for Universities and Other Educational Institutions 1. Create innovative ideas and bring together various knowledge domains - Creation of groundbreaking ideas for innovation and integration of various knowledge domains - World-leading research projects, regional development, specialist training, and continuing education - Establishment of world's top research facility designed for specific field for each region - Development of university alliance and network
2. Foster high-achieving individuals capable of succeeding in the world - Enhancement of basic academic abilities Plus, curriculum that addresses fundamental technologies - Practical science education Learning based on actual products and on-site research at manufacturing facility - Multi-course curriculum in master's program (researcher/engineer courses)
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