Bring Science Alive! Saving Saving the Las Olas Hermosas Restaurant Performance Assessment

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M E C H A N I C A L WAV E S PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT

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Saving the Las Olas Hermosas Restaurant

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Throughout this unit, you have learned about the properties of waves, and about the energy they carry. You’ve investigated the waves that crash into the coastline near the Las Olas Hermosas Restaurant.

Now it’s time for you to use everything you’ve learned to come up with a solution to Guillermo problem and save the restaurant.

Performance Assessment Requirements Your proposal to Guillermo should include: • an explanation as to why the waves erode the cliff under Guillermo’s restaurant more than the surrounding beaches.

• a calculation of the total wave energy that reaches the cliff each month.

• an argument about the waves from which months are most important to prevent from eroding the cliff.

• a diagram of the structure you will build to prevent erosion of the cliff.

• a description of how the structures reflect, absorb, or transmit and refract waves to prevent erosion.

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Saving the Las Olas Hermosas Restaurant

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_____ Step 1: Explaining the Bending Wave Phenomenon Draw a diagram to show Guillermo the path that waves take toward his restaurant.

Use the diagram you drew to explain to Guillermo why the waves are eroding the cliff below his restaurant more than the surrounding beaches.

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_____ Step 2: Calculating the Total Wave Energy for Each Month Calculate the energy of an average wave during each month of the year, the number of waves during each month, and the total energy transferred to the cliff by waves each month.

Energy of an Average Wave (kJ)

Average Frequency (waves per minute)

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Month

Direction

Average Amplitude (m)

January (31 days)

Northwest

1.8

February (28 days)

Southwest

1.4

7

March (31 days)

Southwest

1.2

6

April (30 days)

Southwest

1.1

6

May (31 days)

Southwest

0.9

5

June (30 days)

Southwest

0.6

7

July (31 days)

Southwest

0.7

5

August (31 days)

Southwest

1.0

4

September Southwest (30 days)

0.8

6

Southwest

1.2

8

November Northwest (30 days)

1.9

4

December Northwest (31 days)

2.0

5

October (31 days)

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Total Number of Waves

Total Energy (kJ)

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Should Guillermo focus on preventing erosion from waves coming from the northwest or southwest? Make a claim and support it with evidence. Use logical connections and conceptual reasoning to explain how your evidence supports your claim.

Claim: Evidence: Reasoning:

_____ Step 3: Designing a Coastal Armoring Structure Design a coastal armoring structure to help Guillermo prevent erosion of the cliff below his restaurant.

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_____ Step 4: Writing a Design Proposal Explain to Guillermo why the coastal armoring structure you designed will effectively prevent erosion. Describe how the shape of the structure as well as the material it is made of allows it to reflect, transmit, absorb, or refract waves to prevent erosion.

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Performance Assessment Rubric Use the rubric to evaluate your work on this Performance Assessment.

Achievement Levels Dimension Science and Engineering Practices Using Mathematics and Computational Thinking Use mathematical representations to describe and/or support scientific conclusions and design solutions.

Developing and Using Models Develop and use a model to describe phenomena.

Crosscutting Concepts Patterns Graphs and charts can be used to identify patterns in data.

Structure and Function Structures can be designed to serve particular functions by taking into account properties of different materials, and how materials can be shaped and used.

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Proficient (2 points)

Emergent (1 point)

Not Present (0 points)

Used mathematical representations of waves to determine how much energy is carried by waves of different amplitudes, and used those representations as evidence to support an argument about which waves would cause the most erosion.

Used mathematical representations of waves to determine how much energy is carried by waves of different amplitudes, but did not use those representations as evidence to support an argument about which waves would cause the most erosion.

Did not use mathematical representations of waves to determine how much energy is carried by waves of different amplitudes.

Used a model to describe the behavior of waves when they change media, including reflection, absorption, and transmission with refraction, and explain how a coastal armoring structure prevents waves from causing erosion.

Used a model to describe the behaviors waves when they change media, but did not use those behaviors to explain how a coastal armoring structure functions to prevent erosion.

Did not use a model to describe the behaviors of waves when the change media.

Identified patterns in the chart of the total energy of waves during each month to determine which sets of waves cause the most erosion.

Identified patterns in the chart of total energy of waves, but did not use them to determine which waves cause the most erosion.

Did not identify patterns in the chart of total energy of waves.

Described how the materials structures are made of as well as their shapes allow them to function to prevent erosion using reflection, absorption, and/or refraction of waves.

Described how coastal armoring structures prevent erosion, but did not relate the explanation to wave behaviors such as reflection, absorption, transmission, or refraction.

Did not describe how structures prevent erosion.

Saving the Las Olas Hermosas Restaurant

Score

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Achievement Levels Dimension Disciplinary Core Ideas PS4.A Wave Properties A simple wave has a repeating pattern with a specific wavelength, frequency, and amplitude.

A sound wave needs a medium through which it is transmitted.

PS4.B Electromagnetic Radiation When light shines on an object, it is reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through the object, depending on the object’s material and the frequency (color) of the light. The path that light travels can be traced as straight lines, except at surfaces between different transparent materials (e.g., air and water, air and glass) where the light path bends.

Proficient (2 points)

Emergent (1 point)

Used frequency and amplitudes of waves to calculate the total energy of waves which impacted the cliffs and caused erosion in each month of the year.

Incorrectly used amplitude and frequency to find the energy carried by waves causing erosion.

Did not use amplitude and frequency to find the total energy of the waves which caused erosion.

Described that mechanical waves can be reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through a medium when they meet the boundary between two mediums, and then when they are transmitted through they will often be refracted, rather than traveling in a straight line.

Partially described how waves interact with the boundary between media.

Did not describe how waves interact with the boundary between media.

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Not Present (0 points)

Score

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