August 2014 A SPECIAL SUPPLEMENT FROM
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SCHOOL YEAR • August 2014 • 2
FAMILY TREE SCHOOL AGE “Growing Leaders One Child at a Time.”
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Is your child ready for kindergarten?
ge 5 is a big year in a child’s life. In many school districts, children enroll in kindergarten shortly after their fifth birthdays. But age alone does not dictate if a child is ready to transition from a preschool environment to kindergarten, and parents may need to work with educators to determine if their children are ready to take the first big step of their academic careers.
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arents know that choosing a preschool for their children is a decision not to be taken lightly. Preschools are often a child’s first extensive experience away from home, and the right school can help kids make that transition more smoothly. When looking for a preschool for their kids, parents may want to employ the following tips. • Make preschool a priority. Procrastinating with regard to finding a preschool carries considerable risk. Many of the best preschools have only a limited number of spots available, and there may even be a waiting list for those spots. So it behooves parents to begin their search for a preschool as early as possible. Doing so affords parents the time to visit various facilities, speak with staff members and maybe even observe a typical day at the school. Leaving things until the last minute takes away that flexibility, and parents may be forced to choose a facility with which they are largely unfamiliar. • Ask around. Fellow parents make for great resources as parents look for a preschool for their children. Ask parents of current preschool children
or even older kids who attended preschool to share their impressions of a given facility and share their insights as to a facility’s operations and its pros and cons. • Take kids along on visits. Though parents typically have a checklist of things they want to find in a preschool facility, it pays to remember that the kids will ultimately be the ones spending time at the school. So take youngsters along when visiting facilities, paying particular attention to how kids react to each facility and how well staff members engage your youngster in the day’s activities. Many kids take time to adjust to preschool, but you can still learn a lot about a facility by observing how your child interacts with staff and how well the facility meshes with your child’s personality. • Don’t mistake cost with quality. The cost of preschool can range from affordable to exorbitant. But the costliest school is not necessarily the best facility, nor the best fit for your child. While an expensive preschool may be well worth the investment, parents should still consider all of their options before making any commitments.
Many developmental and education experts believe that numerous factors, in addition to age, determine school readiness, including physical, social and cognitive development. Many parents want their kids to begin kindergarten at the same time as other kids their age, but enrolling youngsters before they’re ready could have repercussions for years to come. Students who begin kindergarten before they’re ready may fall behind, resulting in frustration that turns them off from school. With such significant stakes, parents may want to answer a few questions and look for these generalized kindergarten readiness clues before enrolling their youngsters in school. • Does my child have solid oral-language skills? Language is more than drilling letters and sight words into a child’s head through repetition. Language allows kids to share in new experiences and lessons that will expand their vocabularies. The more kids experience, the more their curiosity grows. This opens up opportunities for discussion about a variety of topics and introduces words and concepts that may be new and exciting to children. Research indicates one of the best predictors of eventual reading success is a well-developed oral vocabulary in kindergarten. Children will retain words if they hear them enough and if they’re used in context and conversation. • Can my child listen to and follow instructions? Kindergarten students will be introduced to many foreign things, and some kinds may be
in a school environment for the very first time. Teachers will be issuing instructions and seeking cooperation from the class. To keep up with peers and lessons, kindergarteners will need to be able to remain quiet for extended periods of time, listen to instructions and then properly act on them. • Is my son or daughter excited about learning? Some children cannot wait to go to kindergarten, especially those who are excited at the prospect of going to the same school as their older siblings. Enthusiasm about school and an eagerness to learn and discover new things are indicative of kindergarten readiness. A child does not need to have mastery over every skill just yet, but taking the initiative to try and ask questions is a good start to successful learning. • Does my child want to be independent? The phrases “I’ll do it myself” or “I’ll try” can be music to a kindergarten teacher’s ears. Parents may be in a rush and find it easier to dress kids or get them snacks. But doing everything for kids puts them at a disadvantage. Independent streaks can help kids adjust to school. Kindergarteners may have to go to the bathroom and wash up independently. They also may have to fasten buttons, open up lunches and hang up coats. Children who cannot handle such tasks may struggle to adjust to a school environment. • Can my child recognize basic letters and numbers? Children entering kindergarten should know most letters by sight and be able to count to 10. Preparing for kindergarten can be fun and does not require flash cards or homework. Encourage kids to count objects in the world around them or do some preliminary reading by recognizing letters on signs at stores or places in the neighborhood. Kindergarten readiness is determined by a variety of factors, including age, school assessment, enthusiasm about learning, and signs of independence.
3 • August 2014 • SCHOOL YEAR
Finding the right preschool
SCHOOL YEAR • August 2014 • 4
How to help students who need speech therapy and syllables. When the flow of speech is interrupted by abnormal stoppages or repetition, this can be distracting to both the child and those around him or her. Some children have problems with the pitch, volume or quality of their voice. These problems can distract listeners from what’s being said and make it difficult to communicate.
Apraxia
arents who are active in their children’s education often find that such an approach is a great way to recognize any potential problems before they have too significant an impact on a student’s educational experience. For example, interaction with educators may shed light on a student’s developmental readiness.
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Parents often first learn of their children’s strengths and shortcomings when children are exposed to classroom settings and compared to their fellow students. It is here where teachers may first recognize obstacles that could hinder students as they pursue their education. Parents of preschool and kindergarteners may be made aware of speech issues that may require therapy to address. The good news is that children often make tremendous strides once they are enrolled in speech therapy. Although determining if a child needs speech therapy can sometimes be confusing and take some effort and testing, parents who receive such a diagnosis about their youngster will need to focus on some skills that can alleviate speech concerns.
Articulation Many children require speech therapy because of a speech delay or an issue with articulating. This relates to the clarity of speech sounds and overall speech. A child’s speech begins with initial sounds as they mimic the adults around them, which will then form words and phrases. It’s common for young children who have difficulty with certain speech sounds to substitute easier sounds for certain letters or sound blends. But if inconsistent speech articulation or improper sound usage extends beyond a certain age, this may require treatment.
Fluency and resonance Some children receive speech therapy due to disorders like stuttering or prolonging sounds
According to the American Speech-LanguageHearing Association, childhood apraxia of speech, or CAS, is a motor speech disorder. Children with CAS have problems saying sounds, syllables and words. The brain has difficulty moving the mouth for speech. The child knows what he or she wants to say, but the brain does not send the correct message to move the muscles accordingly. Children with CAS are typically assessed earlier than school age.
Seeking therapy Parents who suspect their child has a speechlanguage concern should first consult with a pediatrician and talk to their child’s teacher. If the speech problem is not causing any learning difficulty or making it hard for teachers and fellow students to understand the child, intervention may not be necessary. However, if the child is embarrassed or getting frustrated with those who do not understand him or her, it may be in the student’s best interest to be assessed. Speech-language pathologists are trained in speech therapy and are most qualified to make assessments of a child’s speech abilities. This person will provide a thorough articulation assessment and conduct a medical history inquiry to determine if there is a need for treatment. A good speech pathologist will conduct an evaluation in a way that is comfortable for the child. Toys and games may be part of the assessment. Sometimes parents are allowed to remain in the room. Physical skills, vocabulary and grammar also will be checked. Once the source of the problem has been identified, a therapist can develop a treatment plan to fix some of the problems. Homework exercises can help parents continue lessons between therapy sessions. Many parents opt to work with a speech-language pathologist one-on-one. These services may be covered through a health insurance plan. School districts may offer low- or no-cost speech therapy for students who need speech assistance. These may be conducted in solo sessions or as part of a group. Parents should inquire about speech testing at their child’s school and if any services are offered.
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hildren begin learning to read early in their education. Very often some children seem to excel at reading and writing, while others may struggle. The obstacles kids struggle with may disappear as they age and grow more accustomed to reading, but no such relief comes for kids struggling with dyslexia. The Mayo Clinic defines dyslexia as a learning disorder characterized by difficulty reading. It is a common condition and does not mean a child has subpar vision or intelligence. Dyslexia often goes undiagnosed, and many kids reach adulthood before realizing they are dyslexic. According to Dyslexia Health, 70 to 80 percent of people with poor reading skills are likely to be dyslexic, and dyslexia is the most common cause of difficulties with reading, spelling and writing. Dyslexia affects people in various ways. While some may experience only minor symptoms, others may have greater difficulties, including problems with grammar, recognizing left from right and trouble with complex language skills. Without help, children with dyslexia can easily grow discouraged with their studies. However, with therapy, many kids can learn to work around their dyslexia.
Causes of dyslexia Dyslexia has been linked to improper genetic development in the brain. It tends to run in families and affects the parts of the brain responsible for language development. There are no surefire ways to predict if a person will have dyslexia. However, in families with high rates of the condition, there is a greater risk.
5 • August 2014 • SCHOOL YEAR
Recognizing the signs of dyslexia Reading different types of texts, including newspapers, comics and books, can help children with dyslexia overcome some of their symptoms.
Symptoms Very often it is difficult to recognize dyslexia before a child enters school. There may be some early clues, but these are not always definitive. Potential clues include learning to talk late, having difficulty learning new words and exhibiting difficulty rhyming words. School-aged children may have trouble with sequences, following commands in order, reading at the recommended level, processing and understanding, and/or seeing or writing letters or words in reverse. As children with dyslexia age, they may have difficulty summarizing stories, managing time or learning a foreign language.
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Treatment There are no medications to correct the underlying brain abnormality that doctors feel causes dyslexia, but there are various treatment methods. Practice and repetition are some of the hallmarks of dyslexia therapy. Rather than standard lessons, individuals with dyslexia may need multi-sensory lessons that combine sight, touch and sounds when introducing new concepts. Screen readers and audio books can also help children learn how to read more effectively. In the classroom, children may need more time to complete assignments. Teachers should be made aware of a dyslexia diagnosis so they can work with students and parents to develop a learning system that works. Practicing reading different types of texts also can help. Dyslexia is a common learning disability that affects many children and adults. But therapy and emotional support can help people with dyslexia overcome their disabilities.
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SCHOOL YEAR • August 2014 • 6
How to make school lunch healthier
Diet can help or hinder children in the classroom hildren who are not regularly consuming a healthy and balanced diet may not be receiving the nutrients sufficient for sustained energy and mental acuity. Junk food and highsugar snacks can affect the body in a number of ways. A 2009 study published in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that children who routinely ate a diet high in junk foods were more likely to be hyperactive than those who did not. Hyperactive children may struggle to concentrate on simple tasks or find it difficult to focus on more complex matters, such as those presented in a classroom.
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he benefits of a healthy diet are clear and well documented. In addition to providing the nutrients a growing body needs, consuming a balanced diet helps children maintain a healthy weight. Obesity continues to be a growing problem among schoolaged children and can contribute to the onset of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high cholesterol, and many other adverse medical conditions.
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Children attending school will eat at least one meal away from home each day. A healthy lunch provides sound nutrition to give students energy to do well in school and for the rest of the day. Children who do not eat well at lunch may have difficulty concentrating, while others may feel sluggish or tired. As part of the 2010 Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act, the United States National School Lunch Program was revised to guarantee healthy, nutritionally sound choices, as established by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, for lunch. America’s school menus were altered to be healthier than ever, including more fruits and vegetables while limiting calories. Despite some controversy through the years, including some students saying the smaller portions and food choices aren’t always satisfying, states suffering from high child obesity rates have seen marked improvements. Canada is one of the few leading industrialized countries that does not have a national nutrition strategy to implement healthy school lunches. It’s estimated that only 10 to 15 percent of Canadian children have access to school meals. These meals are not provided by a well-funded national program, but by a patchwork of individual volunteer efforts, some provincial government funding and corporate donations. Whether students purchase lunch from school or bring lunch from home, there are ways to guarantee a more diverse offering and better nutrition. Here are some guidelines to follow. • Offer nutrient-dense foods.
Foods should contribute to the daily recommended amounts of protein, iron, calcium, vitamin A, and vitamin C. Provide a selection of foods, such as lean protein, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, that will give children the nutrients they need. Nutrient-dense foods also help kids feel fuller, longer.
Giving children a healthy lunch and then packing a sugarfilled, high-calorie drink negates your efforts. Calories from beverages can quickly add up. Water is always the best option for a healthy drink.
• Limit fat intake. Avoid foods that do not get their fat from polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats. Saturated fats can lead to obesity and clogged arteries. The American Heart Association recommends kids get no more than 25 to 35 percent of their calories from fat. Fish, nuts and olives are healthy fat sources.
full-fat dairy products can make a world of difference. Kids may not notice a change in texture or flavor, and many of kids’ favorite foods, such as chicken nuggets, pizza and macaroni and cheese, can be made with healthier ingredients.
• Let kids choose some of their food. Allow kids to pick some of the healthy foods they will be eating. Giving kids a say in their diets will make them more likely to enjoy their lunches and cut back on snack foods. Eating meals regularly will keep energy levels up during school and make kids less likely to reach for unhealthy snacks to fill hunger gaps. • Make small changes that add up. Switching from white bread to whole grain breads, and opting for low-fat dairy products instead of
• Remember, beverages count, too. Giving children a healthy lunch and then packing a sugar-filled, high-calorie drink negates your efforts. Calories from beverages can quickly add up. Water is always the best option for a healthy drink. Low-fat milk and real fruit juice consumed in moderation also make healthy alternatives to sugary beverages. Offering healthy school lunches is an important step to raising healthy kids. New guidelines and offerings make it easier for kids to get the nutrition they need for their growing bodies.
The Women’s and Children’s Health Network notes that diet can influence children’s study habits. Foods high in sugar can deplete energy levels and compromise a student’s ability to concentrate for extended periods of time. In an Oxford University study published in FASEB Journal in 2009, researchers tested the cognitive effects a high fat and junk food diet had on rats. After nine days, the rats that ate the junk food were put into a maze and tested against rats that ate a more balanced diet. Rats fueled by the junk food struggled to navigate the maze and made more mistakes than the rats that were given a healthy diet. Concentration is not the only problem linked to a poor diet. Children who regularly eat junk food have a higher risk for obesity and other conditions. According to the Prevention Institute, junk food shoulders some of the blame for rising rates of diabetes, high blood pressure and stroke, and children who regularly consume junk food have higher rates of chronic illness. Children who are routinely sick and have to stay home from school may miss important lessons and fall
behind in their studies. Children’s obesity that is linked to poor food choices may have higher levels of depression and poor selfesteem. These psychological conditions can have their own profound effects on learning ability and concentration. Disinterest in school or in being around peers may set in. Nutritionists at The Mayo Clinic say that eating high amounts of junk food may result in depression. The effects of junk food and other dietary choices can easily be changed by altering a child’s eating habits. Children who eat foods made from complex nutrients often experience a renewed ability to concentrate and focus. Diets high in complex carbohydrates, fiber, lean protein, fruits, and vegetables will release a stead supply of energy through bodily metabolism, and this will help prevent the blood sugar peaks and crashes associated with foods high in refined sugar and simple carbohydrates. The addition of omega-3 fatty acids, which are found in walnuts, oily, cold-water fish, olive oil, and flax seed, can keep children feeling full and improve their mental acuity. All brands of baby formula currently sold in the United States are now fortified with omega-3 fatty acids in the form of DHA and ARA. Some studies in infants suggest that including these fatty acids in infant formulas may have positive effects on visual function and neural development over the short term. It can be easy to blame declining school progress on insufficient study habits or poor connection with a teacher. However, a child’s diet can help or hinder his or her academic performance as well.
7 • August 2014 • SCHOOL YEAR
SCHOOL YEAR • August 2014 • 8
The advantages to joining a parent-teacher organization
arental involvement plays a key role in a child’s academic and social development. Mothers and fathers who take an active interest in their children’s education and extracurricular activities may notice their children are more willing to put their best efforts forward.
P What will your kids be doing after school this fall?
OUT OF SCHOOL TIME We know your kids are enjoying summer, while you are already thinking about what they will be doing after school. The YMCA’s Out of School Time program offers children, kindergarten through middle school, academic support and fun activities for growth and development.
There are many ways for parents to get involved at their kids’ schools. In addition to distributing routine progress reports and hosting open-school nights, many schools have some form of parent-teacher group. It may be an informal group of parental volunteers or a more structured parent-teacher association. PTAs exist all over the world and represent the voices of millions of parents and teachers. Moms and dads looking to contribute to the school often find joining the PTA is a great way to get involved, and membership has a number of benefits.
Call the YMCA today! CRANSTON 401-943-0444 KENT COUNTY 401-828-0130 WEST BAY 401-295-6501
Research from scholars at the Southwest Educational Development Laboratory found that students with involved parents, no matter their income or background, are at an advantage over their counterparts whose parents are not actively involved in their educations. They tend to earn higher grades and test scores, enroll in higher-level programs, attend school regularly, have better social skills and adapt better to school, and are more likely to graduate and go on to post-secondary education.
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• Be the first to know. Involvement with a parent organization at school enables you to get accurate, firsthand information about upcoming events and plans for the school. Very often news is shared first with PTA members and parents who attend regular meetings. • Serve as role models. Active involvement with your child’s school demonstrates to
your child and others that you place an emphasis on the importance of education. • Impart change. The PTA can be a way to voice opinions, enact new programs and offer feedback about particular programs or lesson plans. • Meet new people. A new school year is not just a time for students to make new friends. Parents often find their closest friends are parents with similar interests and ideals. Joining the PTA can put you in touch with others who enjoy volunteering and getting involved with the school. • Get to know the educators. In addition to meeting other parents and creating a school-based network, getting involved with the PTA is great opportunity to develop a rapport with teachers, aides and even the principal. Being a familiar face inside of school walls can be advantageous to you and your child. • Earn discounts and offers. Schools that are part of a national PTA network may receive discounts and benefits from providers and sponsors. Members may be eligible for discounts on magazine subscriptions, books, insurance, and much more. • Help raise funds. One of the primary goals of a PTA is to raise funds for special programs for the school. Parents who get involved can use their professional expertise to make fundraising even more successful. Research has shown that parental involvement has a significant impact on kids in the classroom. Joining the PTA or becoming involved in other ways provides parents with the opportunity to make friends, serve as role models to their kids and facilitate change.
As a new school year draws nearer, parents can employ several strategies to help their kids readjust to the rigors of the classroom. unwind and make the most of the freedom that summer vacation provides. But as summer starts to wind down, parents can begin to reintroduce some structure into their kids’ lives to make the transition back to school go more smoothly. Plan morning activities so kids can readjust to waking up early each day. In addition, serve breakfast, lunch and dinner at the same time you typically serve it during the school year so kids’ bodies can begin to readjust as well.
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he dawn of a new school year is an exciting time. Kids may not want to say goodbye to days spent lounging by the pool, but such disappointment is often tempered by the prospect of returning to school with friends. For parents, getting kids ready for a new school year is about more than updating their wardrobe or organizing carpools with
fellow parents. Reacclimating kids to the routine of school after a relaxing summer is a significant undertaking, and the following are a handful of ways for parents to get a head start as the school year draws closer. • Establish a routine over the last few weeks of summer. Summer vacations typically lack the structure of the school year, and that lack of structure can help kids
• Take kids along when shopping for school supplies. If you plan to buy your child a new computer or other supplies for the upcoming school year, take him or her along on your shopping trips. Kids who get to choose their supplies might be more excited about returning to school than those youngsters who are given what they need without offering their input. BMany students are given summer reading lists to keep their minds sharp over the summer and prepare them for upcoming coursework. Parents should monitor kids’ progress on such reading lists and even discuss the books with their kids when possible. Read the books along with them if you think it will help engage them. If kids
were not assigned summer reading lists at the end of the school year, assign your own books, rewarding kids when they finish a new book. Kids who read throughout the summer may be more likely to start the school year off on the right foot than those who don’t crack a book all summer. • Encourage kids to sign up for extracurricular activities. Many school-aged athletes get a head start on the new school year by trying out for sports teams. Such tryouts often commence a week or two before a school year is scheduled to begin, and this can help kids ease their way back into the school year. But even nonathletes can begin pursuing extracurricular activities before the first school bell of the year rings. Theater programs may begin auditions or encourage interested youngsters to attend orientation meetings before the dawn of the school year, and such sessions can be a great and pressure-free way for kids to ready themselves for a new school year. The arrival of a new school year can be both exciting and daunting. But parents can help their youngsters readjust to school in various ways after a relaxing summer.
85 Chester Avenue • Cranston, RI 02920 401.944.4107 llepore@stmaryschoolri.org www.stmaryschoolri.org Affordable Quality Catholic Education Accredited by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges Wireless Laptop Computer Lab After School Care on Premises Foreign Language (Italian), Art and Music Community Service Projects Athletic Programs/Full Gymnasium Student Council Expansive and Diverse After School Programs Active Parent/Teacher Guild
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9 • August 2014 • SCHOOL YEAR
How to help kids transition back to the classroom
SCHOOL YEAR • August 2014 • 1
Stock up on students’ tech supplies • High-speed Internet: Households that have not yet upgraded to digital Internet services are well behind the times. Many cable and fiber optic television providers now offer television, Internet and phone bundles for reasonable fees. Compared to the dial-up services and initial coaxial Internet of yesteryear, today’s Internet speeds are light years ahead. Students who need to stream movies or other content or upload and download large picture or text files often find high-speed Internet invaluable.
hopping for back-to-school supplies was once limited to picking up a few folders, spiral-bound notebooks and assorted writing implements. But today’s students need much more, including a variety of technological gadgets, to keep up with their classmates.
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Technology is now an integral part of many classrooms, where Internet-ready devices such as tablets, computers and smartboards are part of daily lessons. Although some educators believe overuse of such devices in the classroom can have a negative impact on students and make it more difficult to capture and hold students’ attention, many feel that technology integrated into the curriculum improves students’ learning processes and outcomes, noting that interactive media and use of technology are conducive to project-based learning.
Many students already know how to browse the Internet, create blogs or manipulate photos. But they may not know how to make use of digital resources with regard to their education. Students cannot learn such lessons unless they are equipped with the tools to facilitate digital learning. Parents who want their youngsters to embrace technology as part of their education may want to consider the following devices. • Internet-ready devices: Internet-ready devices include desktop computers, laptops, Chromebooks, tablets, and even smartphones. Assignments may require that students use the Internet, and many of today’s teachers create their own websites where they list assignments or post links to supplemental materials. Students may have to confer with teachers via email or share materials with classmates.
• Digital planners: Many devices come with calendars and planner functions built in, and those that don’t can often be upgraded by simply downloading an app that performs such functions. A calendar is a handy tool for students who need to keep current on assignments and tests, extracurricular activities and other important dates to remember. Students may want to lean toward a calendar app that is integrated across many platforms. This way calendar events can be synched and viewed on phones, laptops and tablets.
• Word-processing applications: Whether students are writing a 20-page term paper or have to type up a short summary for a homework assignment, eventually they will need access to word-processing software that includes basic typing, editing and desktop publishing functions. Many computer software bundles come with a word processor pre-installed. If not, software is available for purchase or parents can download free shareware. Examples of word-processing software include Microsoft Word, Wordperfect, TextMaker, Corel Write, and Google Docs.
• Phones: Smartphones are akin to mini computers capable of more functions than one can imagine. Kids can use their phones to get a head start on homework assignments or to email teachers if they forget an assignment at school. In addition, students who have their own smartphones can easily contact their parents in case of emergencies, and parents can rest easy knowing their kids are always just a phone call or text message away. Depending on the courses they take, students may need additional gadgets, such as graphing calculators, scanners and printers. Parents can speak their kids’ teachers to determine which devices will support lessons students are learning in the classroom.
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• Individualized tutoring services targeting your child’s specific needs. • Preparation for private school admission for ESL and Gen. Ed. Students. • Pre-school thematic workshops focusing on content areas and reading skills. These workshops are perfect for parents who need time during the week for errands, appointments or leisure time. • Parental support at parent/teacher conferences. Educational target goals will be designed with your child’s teacher. • Thirty years experience in General Education and ESL
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High school students choosing a college or university benefit when parents chip in to make the decision process go more smoothly.
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hoosing a college or university is the first big decision of many teenagers’ lives. A youngster’s choice of college can impact the rest of his or her life, and it’s important that kids recognize the gravity of this decision. Many kids, in particular those who realize the impact that their choice of college can have on the rest of their lives, are overwhelmed when colleges begin sending information about their programs and campus life. Such information, especially when it is unsolicited, may begin to arrive at the dawn of high school student’s sophomore year, long before many teenagers have begun to think about where to pursue their educations after high school. But as daunt-
ing a task as choosing a college may seem, teenagers should enjoy the process, as the choice of where to go to college is unlike any other decision many students will make for the rest of their lives. Parents also can ensure the process goes more smoothly by helping their kids find the right school. That’s especially true for parents who have already been through the process with an older child. But even parents going through the process for the
first time can take the following steps to help youngsters find the right college.
switch majors without transferring to another school.
• Discuss finances with kids at the outset of the selection process. While the choice of where a student goes to college should ultimately rest with that student, it’s important that parents explain their financial situations to their kids at the outset of the selection process. Explain how much you can contribute toward tuition and fees, and explain the differences between loans and grants. Some kids may expect their parents to foot the entire bill for their education, but such situations are increasingly rare thanks to the rising cost of a college education. Make sure kids know the financial obligations they will be taking on should they take out loans to pay for their education.
• Visit campuses. Student-athletes who hope to continue their athletic careers at the collegiate level may be limited to a certain number of official campus visits, but nonathletes face no such restrictions. While college is first and foremost about getting an education, it’s also an opportunity to grow as a person. Campus visits can give kids a feel for campus life, which varies considerably between colleges, and that feel can help them determine if a given college or university is somewhere they’re liable to feel comfortable over the next several years. Parents can accompany kids on campus visits and ask questions their kids may not know to ask but will certainly be glad to know the answers to. Traveling to various campuses can be expensive, so parents might want to delay campus visits until kids have narrowed down their lists of potential colleges.
• Ask kids to list fields of study they may want to pursue. While incoming college freshman do not necessarily need to choose a major upon enrolling, kids who know their interests and what they may want to one day do for a living may be more likely to find the right college or university for them. Parents can ask kids to write down a list of their interests, including potential career interests. This can help kids narrow down the list of colleges and universities they are considering. For example, if a student is interested in engineering but a university on their list does not offer an engineering program, then that school can be eliminated. Kids who list multiple potential fields of study may benefit by choosing a larger school with more available programs. This can allow them to pursue more than one major or even
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• Stay involved. Some kids may succumb to the pressure of choosing a college and detach themselves from the process as a result. While taking periodic breaks from talking about college can benefit both kids and their folks, parents should not allow such breaks to go on for too long. Stay involved in the process so kids continue to approach it with the right attitude. If kids appear to be struggling with their decision, act as a sounding board for them so they can let off some steam and clear their heads.
13 • August 2014 • SCHOOL YEAR
How to help high schoolers choose the right college
SCHOOL YEAR • August 2014 • 1
Tips for making school more affordable
Clever ways to circumvent college costs
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ollege tuition and fees are perpetually on the rise, so it’s no great surprise that today’s students are graduating with more college debt than ever before.
ew expenses worry parents as much as the rising cost of education. Whether a child has just entered a preschool program or is about to enroll in college, the cost of that education figures to be considerable.
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Though some students might feel helpless with regard to avoiding student loan debt, there are some clever ways for youngsters to pay for college and stay out of debt.
School expenses vary depending on the school, but parents who enroll their children in private schools can expect to pay several hundred dollars per month for their youngsters’ education. When those kids are ready to head off to college, those expenses will rise considerably. Although public education is less expensive, it is not without expenditures. Supplies and fees associated with extracurricular programs may stretch parents’ budgets even further. Parents commonly look for ways to mitigate education costs, and the following are a few ways to do just that.
Need- and merit-based aid Education costs can be staggering, but the sticker price is not necessarily what families will have to pay out of pocket. Many students receive financial aid, which may come in the form of grants, scholarships or low-interest loans. Students who want to be considered for financial aid will have to apply and provide information about the family’s finances. Scholarships are typically awarded for academic achievement and are not exclusive to those people with limited financial means. Schools may offer scholarships directly, or students may need to apply through private organizations. Certain groups may sponsor education grants that help students who meet certain criteria finance their educations. Financial aid may even be available to younger students. Many private high schools and K-12 academies have their own assistance programs, and it never hurts to speak to administrators about payment options and if there are any available programs to make tuition more affordable.
Work ahead High school students may be eligible for advanced placement, or AP, courses that count for college credit. That means being able to take college-level classes in high school without having to pay college-level costs. AP courses may be more challenging, but students who qualify for AP courses can save time and money.
accounts. Financial experts will understand tax loopholes and programs that make it easier for parents to save money for their kids’ educations.
Get a job
Students transferring into college after military training or directly from the workforce may be able to earn college credits for such experience. The more credits a student earns through such opportunities the less that student has to pay to earn his or her degree.
Many school employees are entitled to discounts or even free tuition for their children. Working for a local high school, college or university can alleviate the concerns parents have about paying for their kids’ educations. And teachers are not the only professions in demand. Schools need administrative staff, IT professionals, recruiters, and marketing personnel.
Budget in advance
Sibling discounts
It’s never too early for parents to begin saving for their children’s educations. Ask friends and family members to contribute to college funds when giving holiday or birthday gifts instead of providing toys or other material items. Establish tax-deferred or tax-free educational savings accounts that will accrue through the years and make schooling costs more affordable. For example, 529 plans in the United States allow relatives to set aside money to help children or grandchildren save for college.
Schools often offer discounts to parents who enroll multiple students in a school at the same time. Consider having children attend together to qualify for these discounts. In addition, determine if a parent or grandparent’s alma mater offers tuition discounts to future family members who attend the same school.
Parents should consult with financial planners to determine the best ways to create educational savings
Apply online Some institutions waive application fees if paperwork is filed online. Costs can quickly add up, and avoiding application fees is another way to trim education costs.
• Work with a service organization. Many universities are affiliated with nonprofit organizations, and students who work for affiliated organizations may be eligible for scholarships provided by the organization and/or the university. Wages for workers who take advantage of such programs tend to be very low, but those students who serve full stints could earn scholarships worth several thousand dollars. Students can explore such opportunities by speaking with their universities to determine if the schools are affiliated with any service organizations. If not, students with a desire to give back can find charities that reward their workers with college scholarships. • Sign up for studies. College students often lament their lack of spending money. That’s especially true today, when many students put their earnings from summer jobs or internships toward their tuition. But opportunities for relatively easy money abound on college campuses, where researchers need subjects for studies. Signing up to be a subject for a study can be an easy and lucrative way to earn money that can be used to pay tuition or everyday expenses that often go overlooked when planning a budget. University job boards or department bulletin boards
often advertise needs for study participants, so college kids strapped for cash should monitor such boards in an effort to earn some extra income. • Start a business. Though college kids might not have the time to start building the next Fortune 500 company, starting a small business can be a great way for students to earn money and set their own schedules. A tutoring business that caters to local high school students or even fellow college kids can be a great way for college students to make practical use of their education. Just a few hours of tutoring each week can be enough to help college students mitigate the costs of campus life, and if the business grows big enough, students might even be able to put a dent in their tuition fees. • Live at home. While living at home is an option available only to those students who attend in-state universities within spitting distance of Mom and Dad, it’s an increasingly reasonable decision for students worried about accruing excessive student loan debt. While room-and-board fees vary widely, U.S. News reported that the average charges for on-campus living during the 2013-14 school year were $9,689. Over the course of four years, students will spend nearly $40,000 just to live on campus, and many students will pay those costs via student loans. Students whose primary goal is to avoid substantial postgraduate debt may find that living at home, while not necessarily ideal, is the most effective way to do just that.
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15 • August 2014 • SCHOOL YEAR
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