BOVINUS A MODULAR ARCHITECTURAL PROJECT OF A LIVESTOCK TROUGH USING SOLAR ENERGY Beatriz Pallone Santos, Decio Gonçalves2, Francisco Antonio Rocco Lahr 3 ABSTRACT: The present research project based on the design and development of a project, as well as the construction of a Livestock Trough called BOVINUS, made of round profiled wood, extracted from reforestation reserves. Considering the intended use and its peculiar design features for agriculture and livestock, the use of wood material was the natural option, by physical and mechanical properties and its specificities, by the use of the cloned eucalyptus species, dicotyledonous botany classification, with an apparent density of 670 kg/m³ and C40 Resistance Class. Structural elements of the structure, characterized by truss system, bi-articulated, bi-coupled and rigid frames characterize the structure. The livestock trough is defined as a sort of oblong vessel, longer than wide, where water or food were placed for cattle. It is a modular type, has as main characteristic is permeated by rational construction methods that enable its assembly and disassembly in a fast and practical. KEYWORDS: Trough for Livestock, Solar Energy, Reforestation Wood, Implantation in the site with Minimum Environmental Impact, Animal Welfare.
1. INTRODUCTION BOVINUS is characterized by being an architectural artifact constructed from round shaped wood for the specific use of cattle trough. Its conception provides quick and simple assembly and disassembly, as it is previously built and assembled in carpentry and taken to the place of implantation, where it will be installed in the reinforced concrete blocks, previously fixed, where PVC pipes are anchored, i.e, 15 cm in length. depth of surface. As the timber columns have a diameter of 13 cm, there is sufficient clearance for a secure insertion of the column into the tube, with the set being solidified by Class D40 timber dowels. The weight of the trough, being relatively light, as will be well inserted into the project as a more sophisticated variation of the theme, which should be elaborated throughout this project, focusing on a computerized version. The current research project aims to: studies on the material used, the real established throughout the course of research, can be installed by reduced number of people. The beginning of the project focused on a more simplified version of the trough, the panels were size execution of the artifact and the subsequent performance evaluation of the cattle trough, a modular demonstrative example, ready to be assembled quickly and easily, and be economically viable and projectually sustainable. 1 Beatriz Pallone Santos, UNICEP, Brasil, abeatrizpallonesantos@gmail.com@gmail.com 2 Decio Gonçalves, UNICEP, Brasil, dguspbr@gmail.com 3 Francisco Antonio Rocco Lahr, São Paulo University/São Carlos, Brasil, frocco@sc.usp.br
Figure 1: 3D images trough Bovinus made in ScketchUp application.
2. OBJECTIVES The overall objective of this work is the construction of the project in Bovinus profiled timber material from renewable forests, eucalyptus species, cloned, endowed processes and construction techniques to ensure the sustainable character of the project. This construction is being planned to be deployed on the UNICEP site in the Agriculture sector. It focuses also on the development of the project: • Contribute to the study of materials technology and its applicability; • Assist in studies on the benefits of using wood; • Present alternative and sustainable and economical trough design alternatives to the agricultural sector that can be easily and quickly assembled due to their unique design and construction characteristics.
3. METHODOLOGY The methodological process is being developed to direct decisions towards the realization of the main objective of this project, the construction of BOVINUS, in a practical and objective way. For this, steps and criteria are established for this: In the conception and development of the project, in terms of executive project and complementary projects, the recommendations of ABNT NBR 7190:1997 are being and will be adopted: “Design of timber structures”, that is being revised for its application during the this year. It is emphasized, as stated earlier, that the initial structural analysis has been completed, establishing some basic dimensions as well as characteristics of the materials employed as follows: • Diameter of round wood sections: Ø 13 cm; • Wood class: D40 (fiber parallel compression strength equal to 60 MPa) – of cloned eucalyptus species; • Photovoltaic panels in the dimensions of 1.00 m x 2.00 m.
Figure 2: 3D structural images of the livestock trough using made in Sketch Up application.
4. CONCLUSIONS The purpose of this project is to present a new concept of livestock trough, made of renewable and sustainable materials, allowing easy assembly and disassembly processes. The data and information presented aim to present in academic form the advantages of developing this architectural module as an artefact that can be very useful in different rural environments. It is noteworthy that the concept presented here foresees a future extension of its applicability in the rural sector, in the construction of bays, and other spaces intended for livestock. The marketing potential of these troughs for small and medium-sized farms, such as bovine or dairy, is immense. The possibility of a trough such as BOVINUS is being marketed as a kit through in large scale of construction material, stores or in agricultural products make the development of this project even more interesting, since in Brazil, according to government data, it was founded, about 2.65 million farms.
5. REFERENCES [1] BRAZILIAN ASSOCIATION OF TECHNICALS STANDARD. Design of Timber Structures. ABNT NBR 7190: 1997, Rio de Janeiro, 1997. [2] CALIL, C. Jr, ROCCO LAHR, F. A., DIAS, A.A. Design of timber elements. Publishing company Manolo, São Paulo, 2003. [3] GONÇALVES, D. Architectural projects in profiled wood São Carlos: [4] Editora EESC/USP, 341p, 2014. [5] _______________ Diamond support column (DA) Relevant element structural type tree system – SETA. Bolsa CNPq Post-Doctoral – PDJ, EESC/USP, Supervisor Professor Doctor Carlito Calil Jr., 2012. [6] ________________ Modular system structural truss timber – SET 2M. Doctoral Thesis at the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism at the University of São Paulo – FAUUSP (2003-2007), Orientador Professor Doutor Arnaldo Marino, 2007. [7] MARCHIORI, G. Tree-S Structural System in round timber – S2TA. Bolsa CNPq PIBIC 2013 - 2014. Orientador Professor Doutor Francisco Antonio Rocco Lahr, author of the structural system design Professor Doctor Decio Gonçalves, EESC/USP, 2014. [8] MARTHA, L. F. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS. Elsevier Publishing company, São Paulo, 2010. [9] PITA, A Brazilian cattle herd is the second largest in the world. State of Sao Paulo Newspaper STATE Agency, São Paulo, https://economia.estadao.com.br, access 20/06/2018, 2017.