Survival mandarin talks adult (text) 2 sides

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Expressions for Survival

日用基本句式

Beijing Mandarin ©

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Introduction 简 介

Expressions for Survival 日用基本句式 is a handbook that made for total beginner. In the handbook, there are, in total, 45 daily used expressions. Each expressions stated in Pinyin in one page while it English meaning stated on the following page so that the learner can understand the meaning at once. So it can be the handbook for the learner to cheat at the beginning.

Beijing Mandarin ©

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1. Nǐ hǎo! / Nín hǎo! 你 好! / 您 好!

>>>> Response

Nǐ hǎo!/ Nín hǎo! 你 好! / 您 好!

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1. Hello! / Hello! 你 好! / 您 好! >>>> Response

Hello! / Hello! 你 好! / 您 好!

Words: nǐ 你

you

nín 您

you (formal or respect form)

hǎo 好

good, well, nice, fine, ok, done

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2. Nǐ hǎo ma? 你 好 吗? >>>> Response

Wǒ hěn hǎo,xiè xiè。 Nǐ ne? 我 很 好, 谢 谢。 你 呢?

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2. How are you? 你 好 吗? >>>> Response

I am fine, thank you, and you? (…, how about you?) 我 很 好, 谢 谢。 你 呢?

Words: ma 吗

a question word (to form general questions)

hě n 很

very

xiè 谢

thanks

ne 呢

a question word (asking back for the same thing) Additional usage of “ne”: noun + ne? 名词 + 呢? Where is (noun, pronoun)

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3. Zǎo!/ Nǐ zǎo!/ Zǎo shàng hǎo!/ Zǎo ān! 早! / 你 早! / 早 上 好! / 早 安! >>>> Response

Zǎo!/ Nǐ zǎo!/ Zǎo shàng hǎo!/ Zǎo ān! 早! / 你 早! / 早 上 好! / 早 安!

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3. Good morning!(before 10 am) 早! / 你 早! / 早 上 好! / 早 安! >>>> Response

Good morning! (before 10 am) 早! / 你 早! / 早 上 好! / 早 安!

Words: zǎo 早

early, good morning (short form)

shàng 上

up

zǎo shàng 早 上

early morning

ān 安

peace, peaceful

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4. Zhōng wǔ hǎo! 中午好! >>>> Response

Zhōng wǔ hǎo! 中午好!

Xià wǔ hǎo! 下午好! >>>> Response

Xià wǔ hǎo! 下午好!

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4. Good noon ! 中午好! >>>> Response

Good noon! 中午好! Good afternoon! 下午好! >>>> Response

Good afternoon! 下午好! Words: wǔ 午

noon

shàng wǔ 上 午

morning (after 10 am till noon)

zhōng 中

middle

zhōng wǔ 中 午

noon time

xià 下

down

xià wǔ 下 午

afternoon

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5. Wǎn shàng hǎo! 晚 上 好!

/ Wǎn ān! 晚 安! >>>> Response

Wǎn shàng hǎo!/Wǎn ān! 晚 上 好! 晚 安!

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5. Good evening! 晚 上 好!

/ Good night! 晚 安! >>>> Response

Good evening. / Good night. 晚 上 好! 晚 安!

Words: wǎn 晚

late

wǎn shàng 晚 上

evening

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6. Xiè xiè! 谢 谢! >>>> Response

Bú (bì/yào) kèqi。/ bú xiè! 不 (必/要) 客气。 不谢!

Beijing Mandarin ©

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6. Thanks. 谢 谢! >>>> Response

You are welcome. 不 (必/要) 客气。

不谢!

Words: xiè 谢

thanks

bú 不

no, not

kèqi 客气

courtesy, politely

Beijing Mandarin ©

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7. Zài jiàn! 再 见 ! >>>> Response

Zài jiàn! 再 见!

Beijing Mandarin ©

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7. See (you) again! 再 见!

Good Bye!

>>>> Response

See (you) again! 再 见!

Good Bye!

Words: zài 再

again

jiàn 见

see, seeing

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8. Duì búqǐ! 对不起!

/

Bù hǎo yì si! 不 好 意 思!

>>>> Response

Méi guān xì。/Méi shi er。/ Méi wèn tí。 没 关 系! 没事儿! 没问题!

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8. I am sorry. / I am embarrassed. 对不起! 不 好 意 思! >>>> Response

没 关 系! / 没 事儿! / 没 问 题! It doesn’t matter. /Don’t worry. /No problem.

Words: duì búqǐ 对 不 起

I am sorry

yì si 意思

meaning, mean

méi 没

don’t have, no

guān xì

matter,relationship

shì er 事儿 wen tí 问 题

thing, matter problem

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9. Ní/nín jiào shénme (míngzì )? 你 / 您 叫 什 么 (名 字)? >>>> Response

Wǒ jiào … 我 叫… Wǒ shì …。 我 是…。

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9. What’s your name (You’re called what name)? 你/您 叫 什 么 (名 字)? >>>> Response

I am called… 我 叫… I am …. 我 是…。

Words: wǒ 我

I, me

jiào 叫

to be called

shì 是

am, is, are, to be

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10. Ní/nín guì xìng? 你/您 贵 姓?

Ní/nín xìng shénme? 你/您 姓 什 么? >>>> Response

Wǒ xìng …。 我 姓…

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10. May I know your (honorable) surname? What’s your (good) surname? 你/您 贵 姓? 你/您 姓 什 么?

>>>> Response

I am surnamed… 我 姓…。

Words: guì 贵

expensive, valuable, honorable

xìng 姓

surname

shénme 什 么

what

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11. Zhè shì shén me? 这 是 什 么? >>>> Response

Zhè shì … 这 是…。

Beijing Mandarin ©

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11. What is this? 这 是 什 么? >>>> Response

This is…. 这 是…。

Words: zhè 这

this

shì 是

am, is, are, to be

shénme 什 么

what

Beijing Mandarin ©

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12. Shì bú shì 是 不 是? >>>> Response

Shì。 是 。

Bú shì! 不是!

Beijing Mandarin ©

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12.

Yes or no? 是 不 是? >>>> Response

Yes。 是 。 No! 不是!

Words: shì 对

yes, right

bú 不

not, no

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13. Duì bú duì ? 对 不 对? >>>> Response

Duì(le)。 对(了) 。

Bú duì! 不对!

Beijing Mandarin ©

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13. Is it correct? 对 不 对? >>>> Response

It’s correct / right. 对(了) 。 It’s not correct/right. 不对!

Words: duì 对

right, correct

bú 不

not, no

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14. Nǐ zhī dào … ma ? 你 知 道 … 吗? >>>> Response

Wǒ bú zhīdào。 我 不 知道。

Wǒ zhīdào。 我 知道。

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14. Do you know …? 你 知 道 … 吗? >>>> Response

I don’t know. 我 不 知道。 I know it. 我 知道。

Words: zhī 知

know

zhī dào 知 道

know

bú 不

not, no

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15. Nǐ míngbái/dǒng ma ? 你 明白/懂 吗? >>>> Response

Wǒ míngbái/dǒng。 我 明白/懂。

Wǒ bú míngbái/dǒng。 我 不 明白 / 懂。

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15. Do you understand …? 你 明白 吗?

>>>> Response

I understand. 我 明白/懂。 I don’t understand. 我 不 明白/懂。

Words: míng bái 明 白

understand

bái 白

white

dǒng 懂

understand

Beijing Mandarin ©

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16. (Wǒ) wàng (jì) le。 (我) 忘 (记) 了。

Beijing Mandarin ©

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16. I forgot. (我) 忘(记) 了。

Words: wàng 忘

forgot

jì 记

remember

wàng jì 忘 记

forgot

le 了

structure word

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17. Nǐ xǐ huan shén me ? 你喜欢什么? >>>> Response

Wǒ xí huan ... 我 喜 欢… 。

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17. What do you like? 你喜欢什么? >>>> Response

I like ... 我喜欢… 。

Beijing Mandarin ©

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18. Nǐ yào shénme ? 你 要 什么? >>>> Response

Wǒ yào (demand, request) … 我 要… Wǒbú yào (demand, request) … 我 不 要…

Beijing Mandarin ©

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18. What do you want to have? 你 要 什么? >>>> Response

I want… 我 要… I don’t want… 我 不 要…

Words: yào 要

want

shénme 什 么

what

Beijing Mandarin ©

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19. Nǐ xiǎng yào shén me ? 你 想 要 什 么 >>>> Response

(politely) Wǒ (xiǎng /bù xiǎng) yào… 我 (想 / 不想) 要…

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19. What would you want to have? 你 想 要 什 么? >>>> Response

I would like (not) to have… 我 (想 / 不 想) 要…

Words: xiǎng 想

want, miss, think, wish

bù xiǎng 不 想

don’t want, don’t think

bù xiǎng yào 不 想 要

do not want to have

Beijing Mandarin ©

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20. Nǐ yǒu ma ? / (Nǐ) Yǒu méiyǒu …? 你有...吗? / (你) 有没有…? >>>> Response

(Wǒ) yǒu..。 我 有…。 (Wǒ) Méiyǒu...。 我 没 有…。

Beijing Mandarin ©

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20. Do you have...? 你有...吗? >>>> Response

I have…. 我 有…。 I don’t have…. 我 没 有…。

Words: yǒu 有

have, has

méi yǒu 没 有

don’t have, doesn’t have

Beijing Mandarin ©

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21. …(shì) shénme yì sī ? …(是) 什 么 意思?

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21. …What does … mean? (是) 什 么 意思?

Words: shénme 什 么

What

yì sī 意思

meaning, mean

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22. …(Pǔtōnghuà/ Hànyǔ) zěn me shuō? …(普通话/汉语) 怎么 说?

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22.…How to say… (in Chinese)? (普通话 汉语) 怎么 说?

Words: pǔtōng 普通

general

huà 话

talk, language

pǔtōnghuà 普 通 话

Chinese (standard dialect)

hànyǔ 汉 语

Chinese language

zěn me 怎么

how

shuō 说

say, speak, talk

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23. Qǐng + verb (action word) +...。 请 + 动词 + …

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23. Please + Verb + … 请 + 动词 + … 。

Words: qǐng 请

please, treat, invite

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24. Qǐng wèn, … ? 请 问, …?

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24. (When you ask stranger questions) Excuse me, may I ask …? 请 问, …?

Words: wèn 问

ask

qǐng wèn 请 问

May I ask

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25. Duì bù qǐ,dǎ rǎo yí xià。 对 不 起, 打 扰 一 下。

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25. Excuse me. (When you disturb others) 对 不 起, 打 扰 一 下。

Words: dǎ 打

hit, play

dǎ rǎo 打 扰

disturb

yí 一

one

yí xià 一 下

a bit

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26. Jiè jiè。/Jiè yī jiè。/Ràng yi ràng。 借 借。 借 一 借。 让一让。

Beijing Mandarin ©

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26. Excuse me. (When you pass a crowd) 借 借。 借 一 借。 让一让。

Words: jiè 借

borrow

ràng 让

let

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27. Qǐng zài shuō yī biàn/cì。 请 再 说 一 遍 次。

Beijing Mandarin ©

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27. Please say it again. 请 再 说 一 遍

次。

Words: qǐng 请

please + verb, treat, invite

shuō 说

say, speak, talk

biàn/cì 遍 /次

times

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28. … zài nǎr/Nǎlǐ? … 在 哪儿/哪里?

OR

Nǎr/Nǎlǐ shì/yǒu…? 哪儿/哪里 是/有… ?

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28.Where is … ? … 在 哪儿/哪里?

OR

哪儿/哪里 是/有… ?

Words: zài 在

be, in, on, at

nǎ 哪

where

er 儿

“er” sound, son

lǐ 里

in, inside

nǎr/nǎlǐ? 哪儿/哪里

where

Compare with “ne 呢”: noun + ne? 名词 + 呢? Where is (noun, pronoun).

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29. …zěn me qù/zǒu ? …怎 么 去/走?

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29.How can I get to …? …怎 么 去/走?

Words: qù 去

go

zǒu 走

go, walk

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30. Shénme shìr?/Zěnme le? 什么事(儿) ? 怎 么 了?

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30. What’s up? /What’s the matter? / What’s going on? / What’s happening? / What happened? 什么事(儿) ? 怎 么 了?

Words: shénme 什 么

what

shì 事

matter, things

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31. Duō shǎo qián? 多少钱?

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31. How much (money)? 多少钱?

Words: duō shǎo 多 少

how much, how many

qián 钱

money

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32. Bú yào …! / Bié …! 不 要…! 别…!

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32.No… 不 要…!

Don’t… 别…!

Words: bú 不

not, no

yào 要

want

bié 别

don’t

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33. Bú yào/yòng dānxīn ! 不 要/用 担心!

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33. Don’t worry! No need to worry about it. 不 要/用 担心!

Words: yòng 用

use

dān 担

carry

xīn 心

heart

dānxīn 担心

worry

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34. Wǒ kě bú kěyǐ…? 我 可 不 可以…. ?

/

Wǒ kěyǐ… ma? 我 可以 … 吗?

>>>> Response

Kěyǐ。 可 以

Bú kěyǐ。 不 可以

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34. May I …? 我 可 不 可以…. ?

/ 我 可以 … 吗? >>>> Response

Yes, …. 可 以。 No, you can’t 不 可以。

Words: kě 可

can

yǐ 以

by

kěyǐ 可以

can

Beijing Mandarin ©

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35. Nín/Nǐ kě bú kěyǐ…? OR Nín/Nǐ kěyǐ…ma? 您 / 你 可 不 可以…? 您 / 你 可以… 吗? >>>> Response

Hǎo. / kě yǐ。 好。/ 可以。

Bú hǎo。/ Bú kě yǐ 不好。/ 不 可 以。

Beijing Mandarin ©

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35. Will/Can you …, please? 您/你 可 不 可以…? 您/你 可以… 吗?

>>>> Response

Yes, of course. 好。 可以。 No, I can’t 不好。 不 可 以。

Words: kěyǐ 可以

can

ma 吗

a question word (to form general questions)

Beijing Mandarin ©

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36. Nǐ huì bú huì…? 你 会 不 会 …?

OR

Nǐ huì … ma? 你 会 …吗?

>>>> Response

Huì。 会。

Bú huì。 不会。

Beijing Mandarin ©

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36. Are you able to …? (Asking the ability) Will you possibly to…? (Asking the possibility) 你 会 不 会 …? 你 会 …吗? >>>> Response

Yes, I can. 会。 No, I can’t. 不 会。

Words: huì 会

can,

bú huì 不 会

can’t

Beijing Mandarin ©

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37. …, hǎo ma? /…, hǎo bu hǎo? / …, zěn me yàng? ...好吗? ...好不好? ...怎么样? >>>> Response

Hǎo。/ Bù hǎo。/ Mǎmǎ huhǔ。/ Yì bān。 好。 不好。 马马虎虎。一般。

Beijing Mandarin ©

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37. How is …? ...好吗?

...好不好?

...怎么样?

>>>> Response

It’s fine. / No. / So so. / It’s normal. 好。 不好。 马马虎虎。 一般。

Words: zěn me 怎 么

how

yàng 样

kind, type

mǎ 马

horse

hǔ 虎

tiger

mǎ hu 马虎

careless

yì bān 一般

normal, ordinary

Beijing Mandarin ©

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38. …, hǎo ma? /…, hǎo bu hǎo? /…, zěn me yàng? …, 好吗? …, 好不好? …, 怎么样? >>>> Response

Hǎo (a) ! 好(啊)。

/

Méi wèn tí. / Ké yi 没问题。 可以。

Bù hǎo./Bú yào (le / ba) 不好。 不 要 (了,吧)!

Beijing Mandarin ©

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38. Is it ok if we…? / How about we…? …, 好吗? …, 好不好? …, 怎么样? >>>> Response

Sure. / No problem. / I am ok for it. 好(啊)。 没问题。 可 以。 No good. / No, I don’t want. 不好。 不 要 (了 / 吧)!

Words: méi (yǒu) 没(有)

don’t have

wèn tí 问题

problem, question

ké yi 可 以

can, ok

Le 了

tone softener

ba 吧

tone softener

Beijing Mandarin ©

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39. Hǎo le ma? 好了吗? >>>> Response

Hǎo le! 好了! (Hái)Méi hǎo ! (还) 没 好!

Beijing Mandarin ©

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39. Is it done? /Are you finished? /Have you done? 好了吗? >>>> Response

It’s done / finished. 好了! Not done yet. (还) 没 好!

Haven’t

Words: hǎo 好

good, well, nice, fine, ok, done

hái 还

also

Beijing Mandarin ©

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40. Zuò wán le ma! 做完了吗? >>>> Response

Zuò wán le! 做完了!

Méi you! (还) 没有!

Beijing Mandarin ©

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40. Have you done?/Are you finished? 做完了吗?

>>>> Response

It’s done / finished. 做完了! Not done yet. (还) 没 有!

Haven’t

Words: wán 完

complete, done

Beijing Mandarin ©

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41. (Nǐ) zuì hǎo zhè yàng! (你) 最好这样。

(Nǐ) zuì hǎo bú yào zhè yàng! (你) 最好 不要 这样!

Beijing Mandarin ©

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41. You’d better doing this way. (你) 最好这样。

You’d better not doing this way. (你) 最好不要这样!

Words: zuì 最

most, best

zuì hǎo 最 好

‘d better, the best

Beijing Mandarin ©

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42. Suàn le (ba) ! 算了 (吧) !

Beijing Mandarin ©

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42. Just leave it. / Let’s forget it. / Never mind. 算 了 (吧) !

Words: suàn 算

calculate

le 了

tone softener

Beijing Mandarin ©

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43. Shàng kè! 上 课!

Beijing Mandarin ©

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43. Class begins! / have lesson / attend lesson 上 课!

Words: shàng 上

kè 课

up, going up, attend For example: shàng chē 上车 going up car shàng bān 上班 go to work shàng kè 上课 attend class class, lesson

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44. Xià kè! 下 课!

Beijing Mandarin ©

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44. Class is over! / Lesson is finished. 下 课!

Words: kè 课

class, lesson

xià 下

down, going up, finish For example: xià chē 下车 going up car xià bān 下班 finish work xià kè 下课 finish class

Beijing Mandarin ©

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45. Tone expressions in Chinese a. tone softener:

ne 呢 le 了 ba 吧 ma 嘛

b. tone in exclamation: a 啊 ai ya 哎呀 wa 哇 yi 咦 tiān nǎ 天哪

Beijing Mandarin ©

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