4.3 The dual system of education in Slovakia

In Romania, apprenticeship training is characterized as such, which is based on an apprenticeship contract between the student, the school and the employer and of which on-the-job training is an integral part.

The dual system of education and training is implemented at the lower and middle level of education and is advanced by 9th-grade students who are interested in education in the workplace, leading to the acquisition of professional qualifi cations. Education in the workplace in another form is also possible in adult education.

Figure 23 The system of education in Romania (Eurydice 2019 – https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/ national-policies/ eurydice/content/romania_en)

As is clear from the text of this subchapter above, the dual system of education and training has its stable place in the described countries. The dual system as a system of vocational education and training, based on the close connection of general and vocational theoretical education in secondary vocational school with practical training directly on the labour market is, in our opinion, relevant in the whole process of education and training for the labour market.

4.3 The dual system of education in Slovakia

According to Kováč (2015), practical teaching of students at an employer in the system of the dual system of education and training is a part of vocational education and preparation of a student of a secondary vocational school for a profession. The employer’s entry into this process is mainly associated with decision-making: • the choice of the fi eld of study in which it will provide practical training;

• determining the number of students who will prepare for the employer; • determination of the educational capacity of the workplace of practical teaching in one teaching day; • selection of a cooperating secondary vocational school; • selection of students for practical training with the employer based on an apprenticeship contract between the employer and the student; • adjustment of school educational programs in cooperation with the school; • modifying the graduate profi le and curriculum following the model curricula for the dual system of education and training, etc, • the content and organization of practical training at the employer; • use of the possibility to place a student up to 40% of the total scope of practical training for practical training in a workshop in a cooperating school or at another employer with a certifi cate for the provision of practical training; • preparation of premises and jobs for the performance of practical training at the employer; • conditions of fi nancial and material security of students with an apprenticeship contract; • preparing the employees to perform the activities of a practical instructor or a VET trainer; • use of the possibility to use the school’s VET teachers for workplace training at the employer; • participation of the employer in the completion of studies, • cost-eff ectiveness of practical teaching of students; • tax and contribution obligations of the employer associated with practical training with the employer; • the possibility of concluding a contract on a future employment contract or an employment contract with a student who participates in practical training with the employer and has a learning agreement with the employer.

The entry of the school into this system of the dual system of education and training is connected mainly with decision-making on the following issues: • selection of fi elds of study for dual system of education and training;